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Figure - (a)
Q. 15. Should the brushes of a loaded generator be placed in the neutral plane?
Ans. No.
Q. 25. Mention and explain the various causes for the failure of the generator to build up.
Ans. Principal causes due to which a generator may fail to excite are :
1. Brushes not properly adjustedif brushes are not in their proper positions, then whole of the
armature voltage will not be utilized and so would be insufficient to excite the machine.
2. Defective contacts-unclean contacts may interpose large resistance in the path of the
exciting current and reduce it to such a small value that it fails to excite the machine.
Figure - (b)
Q. 26. How do we conclude that connections between field coils and armature are correct?
Ans. If the generator builds up when brought to full speed. If it does not, then connections are
reversed.
Q. 27. When a generator loses its residual magnetism either due to lighting or short circuit, how
can it be made to build up?
Ans. By temporarily magnetisng the main poles with the help of current from an external battery.
Q. 28. Can a generator be reversed by reversing the connections between the armature and field
coils?
Ans. No, because if these connections are reversed, the generator will not build up at all.
1. Lack of oil
2. Belt too tight
3. Armature not centered with respect of pole pieces
4. Bearing too tight or not in line.
1. Eddy currents.
2. Moisture which almost short-circuits the armature.
3. Unequal strength of magnetic poles.
4. Operation above rated voltage and below normal speed.
Q. 36. What is the commutator pitch of a 4-pole d.c. armature having 49 commutator bars?
Ans. Yc = (49 1)/2 = 24 or 25.
Q. 37. Will it make any difference if lower figure of 24 is selected in preference to other?
Ans. Yes. Direction of armature rotation would be reversed.
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