PRELIMINARY DESIGN

Considering the plan of the building,we preliminarily assumed the size of the
beams,colums and slabs,which is as

Beams:

Taking the longest span of the beam from the plan i.e.18’ 7/8” which equals 5.5084
m,the breadth and depth is calculated,

From IS 456-2000

l/d ≤ 26 where

l=length of beam

d=depth of beam

By this we found,

d = 212mm

D = 212+40~255mm

We adopted D=450 mm

And we adopted,

d/b=1.75

Which gave,

b=121mm.

we adopted b=200mm

Thus size of beam=450x200

Slab:

We assume the depth or thickness of the slab, not to exceed 5”(130mm)

We too know

l/d ≤ (40x0.8),

for slab where d=D-20mm,and D=130mm

Then,

l≤32x110=3.52m.

From this we conclude to have a depth of slab not to exceed 130mm,the slab length
should not be more than 3.53m.Incase if so,a provision of secondary beam is made.

Columns:(F2)

For the first floor,

Calculation of self weight:

i.beam:0.5*(w1+w2+w3+w4)=20.61KN

where w1,w2,w3,w4= weight of surrounding beams

ii.slab=182.573KN

iii.Wall load:0.5*l*b*h*20=0.5*3.99*0.23*3.2*20=29.3664KN

Total load:Sum of all the loads calculated above:P=232.5501KN

Factored Load:1.5xP=F=348.83KN

For total building:Number of storey x F=Pu=2441.81KN

Now,calculating the size of the column:

Pu=0.4fck Ac+0.67fyAsc

2%steel,Fe 415 and M20

2441.81x10^3=0.4x20xAc+0.67x415x0.02xAc

Ac=180061.205mm^2

=424.33x424.33 mm^2

So,taking size of column 450*450 mm^2

CHECK:

emin :l/500 +D/30

=3200/500 +450/30 =21.4>20(OK)

So,eminx=eminy=21.4mm

Mux=Muy=Pu x emin=2441.81x21.4=52.25KN

Now,Put p=2%

p/fck=2/20=0.1

(Pu/fck.b.D)=(2441.81x10^3/20x450x450)=0.603

Taking,d’/D=0.1(d’=45mm>40 mm,OK)

From Sp-16chart no.48

From graph,

Mu/fck bD^2=0.068

Mu=Mux=Muy =0.068x20x450x450^2x10^-6

=550.8KN-m
But Puz =0.45xfckxAc+0.75xfyxAsc

=0.45x20x450x450+0.75x415x0.02x450x450

=3083.06KN

Pu/Puz=(2441.81/3083.06)=0.792

By interpolation,the value of α=1.986

And,(Mu/Mux)^α+(Mu/Muy)^α=0.018<1(OK)

So,the calculated section of the column is safe,thus the section of Column is 450mmx450mm

For dog legged staircase:

Depth of waist slab d=span/20

Assuming clear cover 25mm & 10mm main bars

Overall Depth=+25+5

=
Load calculation