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4.5 Air Standard Diesel Cycle
4.5 Air Standard Diesel Cycle
Mallikarjuna
2 3
Volume
2
4
Entropy
Fig.4.5. Air standard diesel cycle on p-v and T-s diagrams.
Consider m kg of working fluid. Since the compression and expansion processes are
Heat rejected = m Cv ( T4 - T1 ) = ( u4 - u1 )
Workdone = m Cp ( T3 - T2 ) - m C v ( T4 - T1 )
m Cp ( T3 - T2 ) - m C v ( T4 - T1 )
th =
m Cp ( T3 - T2 )
1 T4 - T1
= 1 -
T3 - T2
v1 v
T2 = T1 r -1 ; r = = 4
v2 v2
T3 v
= 3 = rc = cutoff ratio
T2 v2
T3 = rc T2 = rc T1 r -1
-1 -1
v v
T4 = T3 3 = T3 4
v4 v3
1- 1-
v v r
= T3 4 . 2 = T3
v 2 v3 rc
1-
-1 r
= rc T1 r ; T4 = rc T1
rc
1 rc T1 - T1
Hence, th = 1 -
rc r -1 T1 - r -1 T1
r -1
= 1 - r1- c
( rc -1)
From the above equation, it is observed that, the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine
can be increased by increasing the compression ratio, r, by decreasing the cut-off ratio,
2, or by using a gas with large value of . Since the quantity (r-1)/(rp-1) in above
equation is always greater than unity, the efficiency of a Diesel cycle is always lower
than that of an Otto cycle having the same compression ratio. However, practical Diesel
Net workdone
mep =
Displacement volume
m Cp ( T3 - T2 ) - m C v ( T4 - T1 )
=
v1 - v 2
v 1
v1 - v 2 = v1 1 - 2 = v1 1 -
v1 r
r - 1
= m R T1
r
m C v ( -1) T1 r - 1
=
P1 r
m Cp ( T3 - T2 ) - m C v ( T4 - T1 )
mep =
- 1 r - 1
m C v T1
P1 r
P r 1 T3 - T2 T4 - T1
= 1 -
r - 1 - 1 T1 T1
= P1 r
c (
r -1 ( r - 1) - r - 1
c )
( r - 1)( - 1)