History of IT industry

Geopolitics Academic IT companies/products Business/Management

1914-1918 WWI Relativity IBM tabulating machine Scientific management F.W.Taylor
1920s Roaring Twenties Quantum Mechanics - video of IBM Assembly line Henry Ford
1930s Great Depression Solid-state Physics Labor unions
Turing machine and algorithm Modern Times Charlie Chaplin

1939-1945 WWII von Neumann architecture Colossus (UK) v030 Operations research
Bretton Woods Agreement ENIAC (USA) v100 Manhattan Project v050
Enigma v020
1947 Cold War starts Transistor (1947) Nuclear arms race
1948 Berlin blockade Marshall Plan

1950s Assembler
1948-55 McCarthyism FORTRAN (1957) v180, 190
ALGOL (1960)
1950-53 Korea War COBOL (1961)
1956 Suez Canal crisis Formal language theory
Automata theory
1957 Sputnik and Space
race v140 Operating system v
Batch Processing system v110
1959 Cuban revolution Time-sharing system
Real-time system
1959-1975 Vietnam War
IBM and the seven dwarfs Military-industrial complexes (Defense
Honeywell contractors) v130, 135
NCR
CDC 1958 NASA
GE
RCA Defense Advanced Research Projects
Burroughs Agency (DARPA) - Military funding of
UNIVAC v120 science
Commercial transistor (1954) Project Whirlwind
Integrated circuit (1958)
Peter Druckers management by objectives
Texas Instruments (MBO)
Fairchild Semiconductor
National Semiconductor

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Geopolitics Academic IT companies/products Business/Management
1960s Multiprogramming IBM S/360 (1964) v200 STRETCH (IBM 7030) v170
1961 Berlin Crisis Virtual memory (1962) SAGE v150, 160
Batch-oriented O/S
1962 Cuban missile crisis Compiler theory OS/360 BSC
DOS/360 RJE (Remote Job Entry)
1967 Six-day war PL/1 (1964)
BASIC (1964) Hard disk v220, 230, 240 1963 Project MAC
Vietnam War
Debate of GOTO statement (1967) Virtual machine 1969 ARPANET v500, 510, 520
Mutually assured Structured programming IBM CP/CMS (1967)
destruction
Donald Knuths The Art of DEC PDP-1 v300
1962-79 Detente Computer Programming (1968) DEC PDP-8 (1965)

Multics (1964-69)
Unix and C (1969)

1970s Pascal (1970) IBM S/370 (1970) 1974 SNA (Systems Network Architecture)
p-code (1973) TCP/IP invented by Vinton Cerf
1973 Yom Kippur War Mini-computers and Bob Kahn
and 1st Oil Crisis Relational database (1970) DEC PDP-11 (1970)
DEC VAX-11 (1978) 1975 Ethernet invented in Xerox PARC
1979 Iranian revolution Public key encryption (1976) HP, DG, Prime, Wang
v530 1979 Ethernet DIX standard
1979 USSR invasion of Microprocessors v310, 330
Afganistan Intel 4004 (1971) v320 VLSI
Intel 8080 RISC
1979 2nd Oil Crisis Intel 8086/8088 (1978)

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Geopolitics Academic IT companies/products Business/Management
1980s Unix becoming popular in univ. Microcomputers v400 Third world debt crisis
BSD Atari, Apple v410, 420, 430 Reagonomics
Iran-Iraq war Unix philosophy IBM PC, Lotus 123 Deregulation
Proliferation of PC software
1985 Plaza Accord Non-procedural programming v440, 450, 460
1989 Burst of bubbles in 4GL (4th generation language) IBM S/38 In search of excellence (1982)
Japan IBM AS/400 (1988) Downsizing
Ethernet (thick/thin-wire) DEC VAXcluster (1983) Outsourcing
1985 Glasnost and Distributed computing LBO
Perestroika SUN, Appollo M&A
1989 Fall of Berlin Wall Novell Netware Junk bond
S&L crisis
Oracle
SAP
1990s Open systems IBM S/390 (1990) IBM facing threat of breakup (1992)
Client/server computing Microsoft becomes dominating
1991 USSR dissolved 1992 Windows 3.1
End of Cold War World Wide Web 1995 Windows NT Most minicomputer companies folded
Iraq war Internet DEC bought by Compaq (1998)
1995 Mexican peso crisis LAN (10Base-T, hub)
1997 Asian financial crisis WAN (modem) Business process reengineering (1993)
1998 Russian debt crisis LTCM debacle (1998)
Dot-com bubble
2000s Broadband Internet Enron scandal (2002)
2007-2009 US financial Web/server computing .NET and JAVA 2002 Compaq bought by HP
crisis SAN
2009 SUN bought by Oracle

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Computer History
http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/?category=sl
http://www.youtube.com/user/ComputerHistory
http://library.thinkquest.org/22522/timeline2_en.html

Alan Turing, Turing machine, and algorithm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_machine

von Neumann architecture (Stored-program computer)

http://www.virtualtravelog.net/entries/2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf

McCarthyism and witch hunt (1949 1959)

Execution of Rosenbergs (1953)
H. S. Tsien (1950 - 1955)

Computer Pioneers - Pioneer computers

Part 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qundvme1Tik&feature=channel_page
Part 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wsirYCAocZk&feature=channel_page

IBM 7030 (STRETCH project 1958-61)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvVrdQWZZLU&feature=channel
http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/retrocomputing/ibm/stretch/

SAGE system (IBM, MIT, MITRE corporation, and SDC, 1963)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tf1h6aGE5Zo
http://www.computermuseum.li/Testpage/IBM-SAGE-computer.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environment
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Development_Corporation

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Physicist Lloyd V. Berkner, October 1957

From the vantage point of 2100 A.D., the year of 1957 will most certainly stand in history as the year of mans
progression from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional geography. It may well stand, also, as the point in time at
which intellectual achievement forged ahead of weapons and national wealth as instruments of national policy. The earth
satellite is a magnificent expression of mans intellectual growth of his ability to manipulate to his own purposes the very
laws that govern his universe.

The Sputnik moment (1957)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhJnt3xW2Fc&feature=fvst

ARPA (founded in 1958, renamed to DARPA in 1972)

http://www.darpa.mil/

History of DARPA
http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9037638/Timeline_Sputnik_and_Three_Decades_of_DARPA_Hegemony?pageNumber=1

Project MAC
MIT Project MAC, suggested by J.C.R. Licklider, was the organization that began the research that led to Multics. It is now called the
MIT Laboratory for Computer Science.

[Kenneth Flamm] Project MAC was a large and well-funded effort. Its initial grant from DARPA for a little over $2 million per year was
quickly raised. Funding peaked at $4.3 million in 1969, slumped to under $3 million in 1973, and rose again in the late 1970s. Project
MAC's research staff peaked in 1967 at 400.

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CTSS
http://www.multicians.org/thvv/7094.html

Multics operating system

http://www.multicians.org/multics.html

UNIX operating system

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix

The Art of Unix programming / Unix philosophy

http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/index.html

BSD UNIX
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSD_Daemon

VLSI
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLSI_Project

RISC
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced_instruction_set_computer

Evolution of time-sharing system

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-sharing_system_evolution
http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/timesharing/timesharing.html

History of Internet and TCP/IP

http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml

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Diffie-Hellman key exchange
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie-Hellman_key_exchange

Security on the Internet (S/MIME, SSL, ...)

http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2291

Unix and beyond: An interview with Ken Thompson (1999)

http://boole.computer.org/portal/site/computer/menuitem.eb7d70008ce52e4b0ef1bd108bcd45f3/index.jsp?&pName=computer_level1&path=co
mputer/homepage/0599/thompson&file=thompson.xml&xsl=article.xsl&

Eisenhowers farewell speech (1961)

"In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or
unsought, by the military industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will
persist.
"We must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic processes. We should take
nothing for granted. Only an alert and knowledgeable citizenry can compel the proper meshing of the huge industrial
and military machinery of defense with our peaceful methods and goals, so that security and liberty may prosper
together."

http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Military-industrial_complex

FORTRAN
http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/FORTRAN/video/FORTRAN-1982.wmv

http://www.fortran.bcs.org/2001/pioneers.html

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Algol
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL

About Donald Knuth

http://scpd.stanford.edu/knuth/index.jsp

Triumph of the nerds (History of IBM PC and Microsoft)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrnmMgBBfNI&feature=video_response

Enigma and Bletchley Park

http://www.bletchleypark.org.uk/
http://www.bletchleypark.org.uk/content/video-example.rhtm

Colossus
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8WXNPn1QKo&feature=related

Manhattan Project
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwpgmEvlRpM

v000 Computer History Museum Overview.flv

v010 2008.05.01-NathanMyhrvoldandDoronSwadeDiscussBabbagesDifferenceEngine.wmv

v020 The Enigma machine.flv

v030 Colossus - The First Electronic Computer - Pt1.flv

v040 Colossus - The First Electronic Computer - Pt2.flv

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v050 The Moment in Time The Manhattan Project.flv

v060 1-5 The Hunt for Hitlers Scientists.flv

v100 Computer Pioneers - Pioneer Computers Part 1.flv

v110 Computer Pioneers - Pioneer Computers Part 2.flv

v120 Remington-Rand Presents the Univac.flv

v130 Top secret NSA - by Discovery Channel - 1 5.flv

v135 Eisenhower warns us of the military industrial complex..flv

v140 The Sputnik Moment -- The Year America Changed its Schools.flv

v150 1957 SAGE Early Warning Defence Radar Computer System by IBM.flv

v160 Cold War Computing - The SAGE System.flv

v170 IBM STRETCH - A Technology Link Between Yesterday & Tomorrow.flv

v180 FORTRAN-1982.wmv

v190 (2003-Dec-03) a_dozen_precursors_of_fortran.knuth-don.2003-12-03.102656937.wmv

v200 360_revolution.lecture.2004-04-07.102656931.wmv

v210 (2002-Sept-05) half_a_century_of_disk_drives_and_philosophy_from_ibm_to_seagate.shugart-alan.lecture.2002-09-05.102656957.wmv

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v220 an_evening_with_robert_price_the_control_data_story_in_conversation_with_mel_stuckey.2006.06.12.102654199.wmv

v230 (2005-Mar-09) how_computer_storage_became_a_modern_business.lecture.2005-03-09.102656919.wmv

v240 (2006-Jun-12) an_evening_with_robert_price_the_control_data_story_in_conversation_with_mel_stuckey.2006.06.12.102654199.wmv

v300 (2006-May-15) the_mouse_that_roared_pdp_1_celebration_event.lecture.2006.05.15.102654189.wmv

v310 (2002-Jan-16) putting_the_silicon_in_silicon_valley_the_birth_of_the_semiconductor_industry_in_silicon_valley.sporch-

charles.lecture.2002-01-16.102656961.wmv

v320 (2006-Nov-13) 35th_anniversary_of_4004_microprocessor.lecture.2006.11.13.wmv

v330 (2005-Sept-29) the_40th_anniversary_of_moores_law_with_gordon_moore_in_conversation_with_carver_mead.lecture.2005-09-

29.102656911.wmv

v400 Triumph of nerds

v410 (2007-Dec-10) impact_of_the_commodore_64_a_25_anniversary_celebration_lecture.2007.12_EDITED.wmv

v420 (2002-Dec-10) an_evening_with_steve_wozniak.lecture.2002-12-10.102656953.wmv

v430 Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Speech 2005.flv

v440 (2003-Apr-08) the_origins_and_impact_of_visicalc.lecture.2003-04-08.102656948.wmv.wmv

v450 (2002-Nov-12) adobe_systems_the_founders_perspective.lecture.2002-11-12.102656954.wmv

v460 (2003-Sept-25) three_decades_of_innovation_phillippe_kahns_personal_stories.lecture.2003-09-25.102656943.wmv

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v500 History of the Internet.flv

v510 an_eveninig_with_robert_kahn.lecture.2007.01.09.wmv

v520 A_30th_Anniversary_Celebration_of_the_First_Three-network_Transmission.lecture.2007.11.07.wmv

v530 information_security_before_during_and_after_public_key_cryptography.lecture.2005-01-26.102656921.wmv

v600 (2004-Feb-03) mom_loved_him_best_bert_and_ivan_sutherland_with_bob_sproul.lecture.2004-02-03.102656933.wmv

v610 (2005-Oct-19) research_and_fun.2005-10-19.102654015.wmv.wmv

v620 (2004-Oct-19) 2004_fellow_awards_dinner_and_ceremony.2004-10-19.102656925.wmv

v630 (2003-Oct-21) 2003_fellows_awards_celebration.2003-10-21.102656942.wmv

v640 (2005-Mar-23) pixels_and_me.lyon-richard.ecture.2005-03-23.102656918.wmv

v650 (2003-Feb-13) a_new_kind_of_siSD_Forum_Stephen_Wolfram_02132003.wmv

v660 (2003-Feb-10) how_databases_changed_the_world.lecture.2003-02-10.102656952.wmv

Batch processing system

RAS reliability, availability, serviceability

Synchronous mode
Bisync
Block mode

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Remote job entry

Vietnam War
Song LBJ told the nation by Tom Paxton

The owners of the country by George Carlin

Cuckoos Egg by Clifford Stoll (1989)

Confessions of an economic hit man by John Perkins (2004)

p.89-90 Petro Dollar
p.118-119 Ayatollah Khomeini and the 52 US hostages (444 days)
p.221 Control of media

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