Bastina Broj 36

Editor-in-chief
, Ph. D. Sran Slovi, Scientific Associate
Editorial Board
, Ph. D. Mirko Tomasovi, Foa
. , Ph. D. Shak B. Hanish, San Diego
, Ph. D. Ekaterina Enina, Yekaterinburg
Ph. D. Jasmina Ahmetagi
Ph. D. Velibor Lazarevi
Ph. D. Dragana Janji
Ph. D. Sran Slovi
Ph. D. Ivan Beci
Summaries in English Language

Sran Slovi
Lector
- Sena Mihailovi-Miloevi
Publisher
Institute for Serbian Culture
Pritina Leposavi
e-mail institut.skp@gmail.com e-mail institut.skp@gmail.com
008 UDK 008
Computer Text Processing and Print
All articles published in the magazine

Batina have been reviewed
Vignette on the covers

, The Prizrens four Gospels
Evangelist Marko
YU ISSN 0353-9008
institut Ka srpsku kulturu
glasnik
sveska 36
pri[tina leposaviy
2014
e,
e
a

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6
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1941. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
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1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
M . ,
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19191944. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
. , . ,

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
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18041839. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
7
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
,
( , , ,
, , 2012, 407.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
CONTENTS
LANGUAGE
Jovana D. Bojovi, From the Zoonomy of Ibarski Kolain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
LITERATURE
Sneana M. Kadi, The Letter of Love of Despot Stefan Lazarevi

the Fruit of God-inspiration and Apotheosis of God-like Love . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Mirjana M. Beejski, Narrative Instances, Focalizers and Narratives
in the Damned Yard of Ivo Andri (Narrative Situations) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Marija S. Jeftimijevi-Mihajlovi, Creation as a Destiny
(Phenomenon of Creative Process in the Poem the Weaver
in the novel the Great Ahavski Square of Petar Sari) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Ana M. Mumovi, Literary Historian of the Old School
(Milovan J. Bogavac in Literary Criticism) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
ARCHAEOLOGY
Marija M. Savi, Roman Agriculture in Kosovo and Metohia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
HISTORY
ore eki, On the importance of Law with Serbs

at the Beginning of the 14th Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Dragana J. Janji, Some Questions of the Medieval Schooling Study in Serbia . . . 145
Dejan D. Anti, Security-related Circumstances and Suffering of Serbs
in Kosovar and Bitoljski Villayet in 1905 through the Prism
of Daily Newspapers Politika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
10
Branko Nadoveza, Proposals of the Political Set up of Serbia

from 1914 to the Versailles Peace Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Vesna S. Zarkovi, Historical Motives and Characters
in the Work of Grigorije Boovi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Ivan M. Beci, Pe's Commercialindustrial Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Dalibor Z. Veloji, Kosovo Division in April War 1941. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Milutin D. ivkovi, The Report of the Italian Division Pusteria
on the Occupation of Nova Varo at the End of June 1942,
and on military, political and economic circumstances
in the town and its surrounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Jovan D. Simijanovi, Some Aspects of the Urbanization Process
of the Town of Kraljevo after the Second World War 19441955 . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
ETHNOLOGY
Aleksandar S. Pavlovi, Albanians in the Memories of Serbs

in Northern Kosovska Mitrovica in the Context
of Everyday Life before the War 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Milena B. ljivi, Dressing of Internally Displaced Persons
from Kosovo and Metohia in the Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
HISTORY OF CULTURE
Mirjana M. Simi, Conditions for More Efficient Implementation

of the Inclusive Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Slaana Vidosavljevi, Jelena Krulj-Drakovi,
Humanitarian and Educational Role of Female Community
and Its Trade Schools in Prishtina from 1919 to 1944 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Biljana M. Pavlovi, Dragana J. Cicovi-Sarajli,
Folk Music Creativity of Gnjilane
in Elementary School Music Teaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Bojana M. Bazi, The development of primary education
in Serbia from 1804 to 1839 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
11
HISTORY OF ART
Radmilo Petrovi, Tabula Peutingeriana and Locating

of the Road Track Hammeo-Scupis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
POLITICAL SCIENCES
Sran . Slovi, Key Features of Kosovar Conflict

Truth in the Function of War Outbreak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
SOCIOLOGY
Ivana M. Milovanovi, New Kosovar Reality after the

Brussels Agreement Signing Attitudes of Serbian Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
ivorad Milenovi, National Image and Redefining
of Serbs National Identity in Kosovo and Metohia
in the Period of Globalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
REVIEWS
Velibor Lazarevic, Endowment to good descendants and soul savings

(Slavko Vejinovic, Serbs Endowmentness, Vuks Foundation,
Prometej, Novi Sad, 2012, 407) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Instructions to the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

Instructions to the Reviewers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

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41
Jovana D. Bojovi
FROM THE ZOONOMY OF IBARSKI KOLASIN
Summary
This paper represents zoonymes collected in the villages of Ibarski Kolasin.
They are classified according to the criteria of motivation, as well as the way of for-
mation. The principles of creating zoonymes within each lexical-semantic group are
being taken into account.
This paper also represents a small contribution to the lexica of Serbian zoono-
my. Bearing in mind the fact this area used to deal with farming, it is clear how much
it is rich in zoonymes. The largest number of the collected material relates to the
motivated zoonymes, or more precisely, to the ones motivated by the number of
animals feathers or hairs, which is supposed to be the case with materials from the
similar papers from zoonomy.
Key words: zoonomy, lexical-semantic categories, suffixation.
16. 2014. , -
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, (.). , . :
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. 61
Sneana M. KADI
The Letter of Love of Despot Stefan

Lazarevi the Fruit of God-inspiration
and Apotheosis of God-like Love
Summary
The motive of love in poetic Epistle of despot Stefan Lazarevi has Biblical
connotation. Despots Epistle is apanegyric and prayers, hymns shout to the God,
which is a general principle of love. The Letter of Love is apotheosis of Divine love,
the idea of love which is concretized in the Personality of the Lord Jesus Christ
Himself. His vision of love in his poetic creation is argued by Biblical argumentation
and the theology of New Testament, Gospel, and Divine-human love.
Key words: The Letter of Love, despot Stefan, love, Divine love, God-like love, God
19. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
821.163.41.09-31 . ; 82.0
M. *
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, (). . , . . :
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Beograd: Narodna knjiga (Alfa), 2000.
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Drugo, dopunjeno izdanje. Beograd: Institut za kwievnost i umetnost u Beogradu
Nolit, 1992, 631.
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prevoda, uvodni tekst i bibliografija Zlatko Kramari. Osijek: Revija Radniko
sveuilite Boidar Maslari, 1989.
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Petkovi. Beograd: Nolit, 1976.
Mirkovi, Rastislava. Beleka prevodioca, u: Mike Bal, Naratologija: Teorija prie i
pripovedanja. Prevela Rastislava Mirkovi. Beograd: Narodna knjiga (Alfa), 2000,
192194.
Pavi, Milorad. Hazarski renik: roman-leksikon u 100.000 rei. Beograd: Dereta, 2001.
Pavlii, Pavao. Knjievna genologija. Zagreb: Liber, 1983.
Perovi, Slavica (prir.). Kako ukrotiti tekst. Podgorica: Oktoih Institut za strane jezike,
1999.
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2011.
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Morali (drugi deo). Sremski Karlovci Novi Sad: Izdavaka knjiarnica Zorana
Stojanovia, 1993.
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Beograd: Slubeni glasnik, 2011.
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80 .
Mirjana M. BEEJSKI
Narrative Instances, Focalizers and

Narratives in the Damned Yard of Ivo Andri
(Narrative Situations)25
Summary
The Damned Yard of Ivo Andri is the history of very complex structure, which
represents the challenge even to the most contemporary theories of narration. The
complexity of its narrative analysis is enlarged by permanent change and overlap-
ping of narrative instances identity, focalizers, and narratives which condition the
narrative situations succession.
Five narrative levels and six the most important narrative instances can be sin-
gled out external narrator (EN), and five narrators characters (NC): unnamed
young man, Fr Peter, Haim, Zaim and amil. There are approximately as many
focalizers and narratives, but in many cases it is difficult or even impossible to de-
termine the focalization subject; for example, with double or coupled focalization,
which is very close to free indirect speech, and with argumentative parts of the text,
which are neither narrative nor descriptive, but they contain reflections on the
tragic position of man in the world, on the life and death, art and eternity and so
on, in which the ideology of the text itself is the most frequently contained. The
most important of such reflections are dedicated to story and storytelling, that is, to
the most complex problems of the theory of storytelling to different story-tellers
(which may serve as the sketch for modern typology of narrative instances), prob-
lems of narrative (ideal listener and his near relative, ideal reader), poetics of the
time and space (since the space is here part of the fable), etc.
Analysis of narrative instances, focalizers and narratives, and change of narrative
situations, and interlocking of narrative levels in the Damned Yard is shown as master-
fully calculated writers tool to draw the attention at meta-narrative level to art or the
narrative construction itself, from which we are reading that the authentic story is never
being ended. It is everywhere as the life itself, as Roland Bart was narrating.
Key words: the Damned Yard, history, narrative situations, narrative levels,
narrative instance, focalizer, narrative, meta-narration, Ancient story.
25 The essay dedicated to the applicable analysis, that is, narrative situations in the Damned
Yard will be published in the next issue of Batina.
4. 2013. ,
.
, , . 36, 2014
821.163.41.09-13 . ; 821.163.41.09-31 .
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94 . -
Marija S. Jeftimijevi-Mihajlovi
Creation as a Destiny
(Phenomenon of Creative Process in the Poem
the Weaver in the novel the Great Ahavski Square
of Petar Sari)
Summary
The motive of creative process is one of the general themes of literature by which
writers from the area of Kosovo and Metohia were thematically closer to the parent liter-
ature of the central Serbia. The development of this motive is being accompanied in the
paper by the two genres different achievements of one Kosovo-Metohian writer, Petar
Sari in the poem the Weaver in the prologue of the novel the Great Ahavski Square.
If the writer is the closest to the God as Neo-Platonists, representatives of enthu-
siastic poetics claimed, so Sari pursuant to this line was building his poems the Weav-
er. Weaving, that is creation, is not to be the choice for him but destiny. This is the
necessity which is hunting the chosen ones to create, and by creating they are opposing
to the finitude and mortality. Creation for Sari is not the skill of writing but the one of
living, due to which the writer, artist, is a priori ready to self-sacrifice, since behind him
it will be something greater than himself. This kind of defiance deity is becoming the
creative credo due to the fact that there is no great progress without great opposition.
In the prologue of the roman the Great Ahavski Square, Sari, from his part, ap-
points metaphorically the creation as ahavic journey, but the essence of creative act
understanding as determination itself, thus unconsent, which the individual, the elected
one is carrying it from the birth, does not differ in its essence from poetic concept in the
mentioned poem. It fits completely to the affirmation of K. G. Jung that the instinct of
artistic creation, which emerges from the unconsent, is whimsical and arbitrary at the
same time. The difference in this motive problemizing in the two mentioned Saris
writings is recognized in a way that in the poem the poet is presented as the thief of di-
vine work, promethean spirit paying a terrible penalty for it, while in the introduction of
the novel, the writer is speaking less on the origin of artistic gift, and more on the price
artist is paying for his talent.
Key words: Petar Sari, the Weaver, the Great Ahavski Square, poetry, creation,
creative process, unconsent, divine.
14. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
821.163.41.09-95 . .
. *
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110 .
Ana M. Mumovi
LITERARY HISTORIAN OF THE OLD SCHOOL

(Milovan J. Bogavac in Literary Criticism)
Summary
During the six decades in literary work Milovan J. Bogavac has created exten-
sive research, historiography, literary and scientific work. He makes five mono-
graphs, four studies, two books of literary criticism, a chronicle, an anthology and
a history of literature, as well as six books of prepared. One of the few members of
our literary historiography which is almost entirely devoted to the study of literature
and Serbian cultural heritage in Kosovo and Metohia and in that work achieved
significant results.
A huge literary and historical criticism of the work is presented mainly in news-
paper articles and to a lesser extent in journals in the field of literature, culture and
art. If we bear in mind the fact that the press and critics are full of attention to books
of Milovn J. Bogavac, it is clear what is and what was his scientific and cultural mis-
sion focused on the Serbian people. Overview of evaluation of Bogavac works in the
current literary criticism shows what marked his place in the history of values.
Key words: Milovan J. Bogavac, history of literature, literary criticism, news
criticism, culture, Kosovo and Metohia.
23. a 2014. , -
.

, , . 36, 2014
904:632(398) ; 904:631"652"(497.115)
. *
,

**
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Beograd 1969, 14.
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2 M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Arheoloko drutvo Jugoslavije,

1994, 74
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4 .
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, , 2000, 57, 125.
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.
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,
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-
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: opus mixtum, opus spicatum,
opus incertum,opus isodomum, opus cementicium, opus reticulatum.13
, opus incertum,
. -
, , -
. , -
opus sectile, opus spicatum, opus tesselatum,
opus scutulatum,
.
, . tegulae imbrices.

10 .
11 . , , VESTIGATIO VETUSTATIS
-, ,
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arheol. u Zagrebu, Zagreb, 2002, 113.
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,

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III , ;
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.
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Upl(iani) ob mu[!]/ta in rem pu[b(blicam)] /eius merita / basim / et sta/tuam
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p(osuit,50 , -
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58 , 382.
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60 , 49.
61 , 37.
127

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:
I et Silvano I Sac(rum) M. Aur(elius) Silovester I dec(urio) q(uin)q(ennalis)
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Deobus S(ilvestribus) I Virgines (!) i Gaudens Li I Vi(a)e s(ervus) p(ro)
s(alute) I p(ecunia) s(ua).73
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. :85x36-43, :
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)
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VETUSTATIS -,
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London Baltimor.
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drutvo Jugoslavije, Beograd.
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, , 1989: . , , ,
1987. , 5,
, , 45 51.
1999: . , ,
, .
1975: . , , -
, .
1988: . , , , -
.
1983: . , , Balcanica XIII XIV,
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, , , .
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, 1994, 289 erkov 1970
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133
Marija M. SAVI
Roman agriculture
in Kosovo and Metohia
Summary
The territory of Kosovo and Metohia represents a close unit which consists of
the two naturally different regions whose geographic, climatic, and soil characteris-
tics conditioned the possibility for the development of economic activities, out of
which agriculture came to the fore either in cattle breeding or farming. Agriculture
was the main economic activity which domestic population was dealing with in the
period before Roman conquests. By conquering of this area, the Romans brought
new forms of earning activities which were especially being expressed through the
organization of agricultural production and the appearance of villa rustica as basic
production unit. In the conquered territory there were several extremely agricultural
regions suitable for some kinds of agriculture. Valleys of larger rivers, basins, plains,
especially in Metohia, the valley of the river Beli Drim, were suitable for the farming
development, cultivation of different vegetable crops, horticulture and viticulture.
Although different in geomorphologic sense, the area of Kosovo was also mostly of
agricultural character, whose arable areas are concentrated in the valleys of the rivers
of Binaka Morava, Ibar, Sitnica, Drenica and other smaller rivers. Farming in hilly
areas, which mostly relates to the area of Kosovo due to the unfavourable relief, was
probably of limited character that is, based upon smaller arable areas being enabled
by such conditions. Agriculture in these hilly areas was based upon animal husband-
ry, that is cattle breeding, and products exchange from this branch of agriculture with
cereals from agricultural fenced areas. Besides hilly and mountainous areas, there
were favourable conditions for cattle breeding in lower, hilly areas, which were es-
pecially related to the transition zone from Kosovo and lower Metohia. This area
was suitable since it had possessed good pastures, wherein low and thick forest was
suitable for the breed of small cattle such as sheep, goats etc. A considerable part of
arable area was during the Roman conquests distributed to the Roman immigrants as
evidenced by the appearance of villa rustica as follows: in the valley in the river of Beli
Drim near Drsnik, Uroevac, at Ulpiana, in the valley of the river of Lab near Glavnik,
in the valley of the river of Ibar near Vuitrn at Donji Stanovci, Valaa near Zvean,
and in Vua near Soanica. Places where they were registered usually indicated they
had been built along river course, wherein right and left river banks had been suit-
able for cultivation, and their position was conditioned by the proximity of the main
communications so as products distribution from the possessions would be easier.
134 .
Their position was also influenced by the proximity of rural settlements so as to

make use of labour force in the possessions during the season works. Data relat-
ing to the agricultural production originate from the archaeological researches car-
ried out which were intensive during the second half of the previous century. The
achieved data were sparse, and based on them it could be said something very gen-
erally on agricultural activities at this area, which left enough open space for some
amendments during future researches.
Key words: Kosovo and Metohia, agricultural activities, villa rustica, tools, ho-
reums, Roman period.
21. 2014. , -
.

, , . 36, 2014
340.15(497.11)"04/14" ; 091=163.41"1321" ;
271.222(497.11)-523.4-526.6"13"

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XII ,
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XXXVII, 21-25
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14. 143
ore EKI
On the importance of Law with Serbs

at the Beginning of the 14th Century
Summary
The paper analyses and tries to explain why on a composition that originat-
ed in the early 14th century, below the fresco depicting Prophet Elias with a raven
bringing him food, there is a text of the Charter of Graanica. The scene shows
a moment from the prophets life when after his prayer; God cursed Israel with a
drought, while He sent his devoted prophet to the brook Cherith, where a raven
brought him food. In the said composition, in the place of the brook, which is miss-
ing, there is the text of the Charter. Hence a conclusion is drawn that as much as
water was important for people, the laws carried the same significance to the state
and society. Since the Charter was recorded on the wall by St Sava and St Stefan
the First Crowned, and that the Charter carried the Old Serbian Code from the late
12th century, it was concluded that king Milutin had considered himself to be their
successor. There is a parallel with Prophet Elisha, Elijahs disciple, who performed
miracles, too, like his teacher, but also there are the ones which he did not even do
(e.g. Elishas remains raising a dead man).
Key words: Graanicas Charter, prophet Elijah, prophet Elisha, law.
27. 2014. ,
.
, , . 36, 2014
371(497.11)"04/14" ; 930.85(497.11)"04/14"
J. *
/

**
:
,
.
: , , , , ,
,
-
. -
(. , . ),
. , .
, . , . 1. -
. .
* , dragana.janjicka@gmail.com
**
(. . 178028), -
.
1 , , -
, XVIII, , 1895, 190-232. , -
, , 13, , 1892, 1-39. ,
, -
, , 1974, 9-86. . , -
, , 1, , 1922, 264-276. Id.,
, , 3, , 1928, 43-49. -
, , , 1963.
. , , , 1,
, 1922, 264-276.
146 .
. , . , -
2.
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3. -
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-
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. 1219, -
5. -
XI .
,
XI ,
( , , , ,
), 6. ,
X XI
(1185), , -
- 7. . -
XIII (
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8. , ,
2 , . , 9-30. ,
, , , 2003, 9-19. , -
, , -
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3 , . , 10.
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, , CCL, 1961, 161-
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1459), , 2010, 328.
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(1314), -
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, , 1989, 183, 187.
12 , , , 2004, 29-30,
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13 , ,
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148 .
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), -
(,
)14.
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-
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,
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( ) 17.
,
,
, , 18.

,
:
, ,
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,
,
, ,
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,
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19 , , , 2012,
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149
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,
-
( ) .
, -
, -
,
22.
-
, .
, . (826)
() , -

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( 17)
(806-815) ,
24.
,
,
, 25.
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,
, -
26. -
,
,
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22 , , , 2010, 46-47. Gustave
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,
, ,
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38.
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Dragana . JANJI
Some Questions of the Medieval

Schooling Study in Serbia
Summary
The development of the schooling in medieval Serbian state follows, first of
all, the impact of the Byzantine way of education; although due to the state and
economic development of Serbia from the middle of the 13th century the impact of
Western countries on the schooling system in Serbia cannot be downgraded. The
role of Serbian church to the historic development of education is of crucial and
central importance. We reached the conclusion that some theses on the closing of
church regarding schooling existing in our science are not correct, since the edu-
cation of church staff within the monasteries did not aim to prevent literacy and
culture, but to prepare the staff which will manage the life of the Church. It is quite
clear the education among the people and in royal courts could be developed by
none others than the clergies and educated monks.
Key words: School, monastery, education, literacy, literature, teachers, Church.
15. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
94(=163.41)(497.7+497.115)"1905"(093.2) ;
070"1905"
. *

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1998. http://www.srpsko-nasledje.co.rs/sr-c/1998/03/article-14.html
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http://pescanik.net/2011/01/kalendarsko-pitanje/
5 . ,
1900. 1901. , , . XII
XIII, 1961-1962, , 1963, 291.
6 . , , II, , 1931, 73-76.
7 . , -
, , 1974, 234-235; . , . . -
1903. , , . XXXIV, , 1987, 309.
8 . , 1790-1918, II, , 1989, 468.
9 , , 1903, -
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, 1970, 265.
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17 . , , XIX XX , :
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40 . , 1903-1912, , 2006, 14
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1905... 167
19031914, . I, . 2, 15/28.
1904 31. 1904/13. 1905, : -
, , 1990.
19031914, . II, I, -
1903-1905. , : -
, , 2008.
, : . , 1989.
1903. , -
, : . , , 1954.
1905-1911, : . , , 1985.
, : 1905.
, : 1905.
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1-2, 1990-1992, .
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XX , : , (XIV-XX ),
: , , .
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, .
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2006: . , : ,
: , , .
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, : : , , -
, , , .
168 .
2006: . ,
19. 20. -
, : , , .
1998: . , , , -
, . 3, . http://www.srpsko-nasledje.co.rs/sr-c/1998/03/
article-14.html
2011: . , , , . http://pescanik.
net/2011/01/kalendarsko- pitanje/
1963: . , -
1900. 1901.
, , . XII XIII, 1961-1962,
, .
1970: . , -
19. 20. , ,
. XVI XVII, 1966-1967, , .
1970: . , -
19. 20. , ,
. XVI XVII, 1966-1967, , .
1974: . , - -
, .
1992: . , 1856-1903. , , -
.
1997: . , , 1912,
, . XLII XLII, 1995-1996, ,
.
2000: . , :
, : .
, , .
1928: . ,
, , .
1905... 169
Dejan . Anti
Security-related Circumstances and

Suffering of Serbs in Kosovar and Bitoljski
Villayet in 1905 through the Prism
of Daily Newspapers Politika
Summary
After the Berlins Congress from 1878, a part of Southern Serbian areas ac-
quired its freedom. There were four districts: Niki, Pirotski, Topliki and Vranjski.
Nevertheless, a large part of Serbian ethnic area in the South remained outside of
the borders of the independent Serbia, that is, in the scope of Ottoman Empire.
This paper is telling on the position and suffering of the Serbian national being in
the territory of Old Serbia during 1905, based on the reports of the daily newspaper
Politika. Since the Politikawas considered as the one of the most legible daily
newspapers in the Kingdom of Serbia, by analysing of its texts on the circumstances
in the territory of Kosovar and Bitoljski villayet, we tried indirectly to show the im-
portance of newspapers articles in the procedure of historical truth on the destiny
of Southern Serbian countries definition, during the first decade of the 20th century.
Key words: Politika, Albanians, daily newspaper, Old Serbia, Serbian people.
3. ja 2014.
, , . 36, 2014
323.1(=163.41)"1914/1918" ; 341.222(497.11)"1914/1918"

1914.
**
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4 , ? -
1914-1918. , , 1918,
, 1983, 156.
5 , 157.
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. -
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6 . . , , -
1914-1916, , 165.
7 , 166.
8 Dr Jindrich Vanula, Predhlova (Velike Srbsko), Prag, 1915, XV.
9 . , : 1914-1918,
, , 1922, 268.
10 , , ,
, , , 1976, 55.
1914. 175
. -
,
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. -
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- .11 --
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15 . , , 1912-
1918, , 494.
176
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, -
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, - ,
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.18
1918,
, , -
.19
16 ,
(1914-1918), (), , 1969, 166.
17 . . , , , . ,
, 1928, 8-9.
18 , , . , 1914.
, , 1924, 4.
19 , ,
(1804-1918), - , , , , 2003, 287.
1914. 177
,
, -
.
. -
. , , ,
, .

- . , -
, , -
, , ,20
. 1915. .
1914-1918 -
, .
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-
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. -
20 , , , . 13, , 2002, 161-162.

21 ( . . ), , 1949, 245.
22 (La Grande Serbie), , 19. 1916, . I, . 9.
178
.
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, -
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-.26

,
23 , 1790-1918, . 2, , 1989, 724-725.

24 , (, ,
), , , 2004, 20.
25 , , I, , 1997, 111.
26 , , 6. 1917, . II, . 596.
1914. 179
, , . -
-
, .

,
.27

:
. -
.

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.28

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.29 -
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.30
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, : -
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, -
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1903. 1914. . -

. 32 , ,
27 , , -
, 1957, 114.
28 , , , , , 2003, 83.
29 , 86.
30 , 90.
31 , , , , 2004, 91.
32 , 93.
180
,
.

1914.
1914. -
. -
, :
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. (
).33
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33 , , , 1938, 155-156.
34 , , , 29. 1914, . I, . 3.
35 , , , , 6. -
1917, . II, . 269.
36 , . ,
, , 24. 1918, . III, . 731.
1914. 181
: -
. ,
, .37

. , , ,
. , ,
,
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.38

.

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37 , , , 1990, 86.
38 , 83.
182
1 -
, , ,
, .

- 1918.
.
, -
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, -
.
.
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1914. 183
, , -
. -
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, .
2 -

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. , , ,
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, .
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, -
.39
: -
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, , :
, ,
.40
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, , -
, .
,
. ,
1918. , .

.41
, .

-
. ,
, , -
. :
.
,
1918. .42 , -
1914-1918
.
- ( ,
, , , );
, -
.43
39 , , 1928, 5-7.
40 - , , , 15. 1918, . III, . 781
41 , , , . -
, , 116.
42 , ,
1914-1918, , 1970, 525.
43 , 170.
186
,
, ,
, -

.
1925: . , ,
1914-1918.
, .
1922: . . , : 1914-1918,
, .
1989: . , 1790-1918, .2, .
1983: . , ? -
1914-1918. , , -
1918, .
1997: . , , I, .
2004: . , , , .
2004: . ,
(, , ), , .
1957: . , -
, .
1915: . , -
, .
1914. 187
Branko Nadoveza
Proposals of the Political Set up

of Serbia from 1914 to the Versailles
Peace Conference
Summary
Yugoslav programme made Serbia eliminate the idea of Great Serbia. By the
combination of subsequent events, Russias withdrawal from the war, and politi-
cal decisions, Versailles peace conference, such idea would be hardly achieved. Re-
garding Yugoslav programme The allies were not delighted too much about the
perspective which would be borne by this plan achievement. They had not even
been delighted by the idea of Habsburgs Monarchy overthrow so that they did not
approve it until the middle of 1918.
Nevertheless, it may be concluded that the basis of the idea of Great Serbia
in the warrior period 1914-1918 makes the Annexation of all those areas which
were Serbian from ethnical point of view. Parts of Austria-Hungary (Bosnia and
Herzegovina, part of southern Adriatic coast, part of Banat, Srem, Baka, and Sla-
vonia) were primarily in question; later on it is deminished only to Bosnia and Her-
zegovina and part of the coast, but it is enlarged by annexation of Montenegro. By
combination of historical events, and influence of public and secret centres of world
power it was not realized; the creation called The Kingdom of Serbs Croats and
Slovenians, that is The Kingdom of Yugoslavia later on was created, where disinte-
grative factors overcame integrative ones, and the idea of Great Serbia remained any
further actual with some political forces inside Serbian people as the unification of
all ethnical Serbian areas within Yugoslavia.
Key words: Serbia, Yugoslavia, great powers, annexation, unification, Great Serbia.
25. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
821.163.41.09-3 .
. *
/

**
: ,
.
, , -
.
.
() -
.
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.2 .
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-
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, -
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, .
* -, bozar@ptt.net
**
(. . 178028), , -
.
1 M. Gross, Historijska znanost, razvoj, oblik, smjerovi, Zagreb 1980.2 21.
2 . , 1985, 600, 606.
190 .
(...) (... )
.3
,
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.
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()
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.
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, XIX
.4
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, .
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. -
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3 . , , 1994, 94.
4 E. H. Kar, ta je istorija?, aak Beograd, 2001, 16.
5 . , , , 1994, 190-211.
191
. ,
?

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.
, ,
.
-
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:
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192 .
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.6
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1913. .
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1927. , -
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7 2008. , 63 ,
1945. .
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193
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, , 1997, 63-77; . ,
,
, 77-85.
194 .
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-
(1876-1878) -
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13 . , , , -
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196 .
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18 , 100-114.
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, , 2000, 87-92.
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.
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, , 2003, 43-57.
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.
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1997: . , ,
, -
, .
Kar 2001: E. H. Kar, ta je istorija?, Gradac, aak Beograd.
1994: . , , , .
1997: . , , ,
, .
1928: . ,
19. , , .
1955: . , , ,
, . 35, , .
, 1985.
2003: . , -
, VI, -
, .
2000: . . , . , -
, ,
, ,
, .
1994: . , , -
, .
200 .
Vesna S. ZARKOVI
Historical Motives and Characters

in the work of Grigorije Boovi
Summary
Living and working in the earning south, Grigorije Boovi was the
witness and participant of many events, which served him as the motive for his
work, and especially story. One of the characteristic historical motives attracting
Boovi was moving into another faith. This process had swept Serbs in a
wide area and in the long period of time, but due to the lack of sources it was
weakly documented, so that Boovis work is more historical and precious.
By his literary work Boovi highlights this process in the area of Old and
Southern Serbia in the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century. Realism and
documentary of Boovis work confirm the example of moving into another
faith of the family of Lekovac and Gora Parish, being given through some stories,
and written down in the works of historians.
Key words: Grigorije Boovi, moving into another faith, Lekovci, Petar
Kosti, Gora.
13. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
336.71(497.115)"1907/1938"
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- 217

XX . 1919.
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50 Goran Nikoli, Kurs dinara i devizna politika Kraljevine Jugoslavije 19181941, Beograd,
2003, 119.
51 . . , 19181941, ,
2012, 349.
- 219
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11.372,25 . -
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Compass, Jugoslawien, Wien, 1931.
- , , 1925.
, , 1903.
Beci 2003: I. M. Beci, Finansijska politika Kraljevine SHS 19181923, Stubovi kulture,
Beograd.
2012: . . , 1918
1941, , .
2012: . . , , : ,
, . 33, /.
2013: . . ,
, : , , . 35, /.
52 , 6513652349, -
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220 .
2007: . ,
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, (: ), -
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1933: . . , , , .
2011: . , , , ,
.
Nikoli 2003: G. Nikoli, Kurs dinara i devizna politika Kraljevine Jugoslavije 1918
1941, Stubovi kulture, Beograd.
, 1929: . , . , , ,
, , , ;
1937: . , , , , -
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19121937, (: ), ,
.
- 221
Ivan M. BECI
Pe's commercial-industrial bank
Summary
In order to protect Serbian civic class from the decline, in Pe 1907 was found-
ed the Fund of The Holy Mother of God of Miraculous Icon Peska. By liberation
from the Osman's authority and becoming the part of the Kingdom of Montenegro,
which fully justified the purpose of its foundation, it turned into the Pe's bank.
The half of shares and the right to the three thirds of votes in new institution had
belonged to Montenegrin bank, what caused conflicts during the post-war renewal
of the Bank.
Domestic stakeholders of Pe's bank managed to get out from this conflict as
winners so that Montenegrin bank from partner turned into stakeholder. New con-
flict inside the Bank broke out on the fusion with Industrial Joint Stock Company
Metohia. As a majority of shareholders had shares in both institutions, there was a
desire to merge into a single institution. The opponents of fusion were stockholders
who wished that Pe's bank had been dealing with banking business, and the ones
realizing the stakeholders with fusion with a large amount of shares in both enter-
prises would have preponderance.
The fused institution was named Pe's Commercial-industrial bank, and dur-
ing the second half of the 1920s of the 20th century it would have become a money
institution with the highest amount of the paid capital in Kosovo and Metohia. The
bank was operating well as one of the two main partners within the Group of the
Bank Old Serbia, and in 1926 became the main stakeholder of the new founded
akovika bank.
Bank's crisis and Moratorium on the repayment of farmer's debts had disrupted
the Bank's operations so that it had to look for the protection, liquidate akovika
bank, and reduce its operations to the payment of savings deposits upon the receipt
of money for drafts handed over to the Privileged Agrarian Bank.
Key words: Pe's Commercial-industrial Bank, Montenegrin Bank, Industrial
Joint Stock Company Metohia, fusion, Bank Old Serbia, economic crisis.
19. 2014. ,
.
, , . 36, 2014
355.48(497.1)"1941" ; 94:355.311.5(497.115)"1941"
. *
/

1941. **
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242 .
Dalibor Z. VELOJI
KOSOVO DIVISION IN APRIL WAR 1941
Summary
The importance of participation of Kosovo Division units in April War lies in
the task assigned to them, namely, the preventive incursion into Albanian territory
in order to protect the Morava-Vardar communication from Italian attack. The di-
vision was, after successful initial incursion as far as the river of Drin, stopped by
this natural barrier. Invasion of the German troops, which managed to break the
resistance of the Yugoslav forces from the east, caused the division to break into
two parts, where the first continued with the assigned task, while the other had to
defend communications in Metohia. General breakdown of the Yugoslav army and
signing of the truce, caught the division in its position, where they surrendered -
they either got killed by Arnauts in the mountains of North Albania, or surrendered
to Italians near the town of Skadar.
Key words: Kosovo Division, April War, Albania, Italy, war plans.
30. 2014. , -
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94(497.11)"1941/1942"(093.2) ;
355.48(497.11)"1941/1942"(093.2)
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rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. marta 1931. godine, II, Prisutno stanovnitvo po
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Diaro Storico, giugno luglio 1942, Specchio della forza combattente in Montenegro alla
data 1. luglio 1942; Bolletino del Archivio dell Ufficio Storico, numero 34, Roma, 2002, p. 190.
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COMANDO DELLA DIVISIONE ALPINA PUSTERIA30

Ufficio del Capo di S[tato] M[aggiore]
Sezione Operazioni e Servizi
N. 3941/Op. di prot. P. M. 206 = 3 Luglio 1942 XX

OGGETTO: Occupazione di Nova Varos
Allegati: no 1
AL COMANDO TRUPPE MONTENEGRO

Ufficio Operazioni
POSTA MILITARE 14
In obbedienza a quanto ordinato da codesto comando con foglio 6843/OP.
del 26 giugno, lunedi 19 giugno, alle ore 11.30 ho occupato Nova Varos con il
battaglione Pieve di Cadore.
Le trattative per loccupazione della localit erano state da me iniziate col
capitano Cirillo Dimitrijevic inviato appositamente a Pljevlja dal maggiore Glisic.
30 AUSSME, 5o Divisione Alpina Pusteria, busta N5 821, Diaro Storico, giugno luglio
1942, Allegato numero 90/3, p. 110.
250 .
Siccome, per, egli aveva dichiarato di non avere veste per decidere su alcu-
ne questioni cerattere fondamentale, il giorno 28 giugno inviavo a Nova Varos
un ufficiale superiore, accompagnato dal capitano Dimitrijevic stesso, per tratta-
re col Maggiore Glisic in persona.
La missione di questo ufficiale non pot ottenere alcun risultato concreto
perch il maggiore Glisic, nel frattempo, si era reso irreperibile. Il capitano Milan
Markovic, che lo sostituiva, cerc di giustificare la sua assenza dicendo prema
che egli era stato ricoverato allospendale di Uzice ed infine che si era recato e
Belgrado per conferire urgentemente su questioni di servizio col generale Nedic
e col comando tedesco.
Il capitano Markovic dichiar anchesso di non avere alcuna veste per trat-
tare in quanto il maggiore Glisic era partito senza lasciargli alcuna istruzione.
Per, tanto lui quanto, e specialmente, il capitano Dimitrijevic, non nascosero
che loccupazione di Nova Varos da parte nostra li contrariava alquanto.
I principali motivi per cui ritenevano che la perdita di Nova Varos fosse per
loro un grave danno materiale e morale erano:
=che erano stati loro a cacciare, con gravi sacrifici di sangue, i comunisti da
Nova Varos;
=che essi avevano continuato, nella zona la lotta contro i partigiani perch avevano
avuto lassicurazione dal comando tedesco che la loro occupazione era definitiva;
=che, secondo loro, il distretto di Nova Varos era compreso nella zona din-
fluenza tedesca e, pertanto, noi non avevamo alcun diritto di cacciarli via;
=che loro avevano sostenuto forti spese (2.000.000 di lire) per riparare i danni
arrecati dalloccupazione comunista agli edifici pubblici di Nova Varos (mu-
nicipio, scuole, centrale elettrica, ufficio postale).
Visto che, per il malvolere dei cetnici, i quali, con la scusa dellassenza
del maggiore Glisic, assenza che io sospettavo, voluta di proposito, cercavano
solo di guadagnare tempo, non si poteva addivenire ad un accordo concre-
to, ordinavo che, comunque, Nova Varos venisse occupata entro il mattino
dellindomani 29 giugno.
Se necessario, loccupazione doveva avvenire anche facendo uso delle armi.
Provvedevo, in giornata, a comunicare tale mia decisione al comando
cetnico di Nova Varos.
Loccupazione della localit da parte del battaglione Pieve di Cadore
avvenne senza incidenti.
Siccome il maggiore Glisic era tuttora assente, si rec a ricevere il batta-
glione, allingresso del paese, il solito capitano Milan Markovic.
Questi, siccome sperava ancora in un rinvio della nostra occupazione, si
dimostr molto sorpreso e contrariato per larrivo delle nostre truppe.
In un primo tempo, fece di tutto per tenere le nostre truppe il pi possibile
lontano dallabitato, ma poi, di fronte al contegno energico del comandante
... 251
del battaglione che senzaltro, dopo sommaria ricognizione, sceglieva la posi-

zione da occupare si dimostr pi accondiscendente e, anzi, si prest a cercare
i locali nel quali accantonare il comando.
La dislocazione assunta da battaglione la seguente:
= comando di battaglione e compagnia comando accantonati nei locali del liceo;
=compagnie, sistemate in tre caposaldi sulle posizioni di quota 1091, che do-
minano labitato da sud.
Per evitare incidenti, ai militari permesso lingresso in paese solo per
motivi di servizio, muniti di regolare permesso.
Lo stesso giorno, il comandante del battaglione ha convocato le autorit
militari e civili, e con esse ha preso le prime e pi importanti intese stabilen-
do come principio fondamentale, che nessuna iniziativa potesse essere presa
senza la sua autorizzazione.
Ha provveduto quandi alla nomina dellufficiale addetto agli affari civili
che entrato subito in funzione.
Nessuna variazione stata apportata, finora, alla dislocazione del reparti
cetnici.
Allo scopo di definire in termini precisi ed in modo definitivo loccupa-
zione da parte delle nostre truppe, ho inviato ieri a Nova Varos una commis-
sione composta dal comandante del 7 o reggimento alpini e tre ufficiali del
mio stato maggiore, tra cui il Capo di S. M.
La commissione, appena giunta, convoc subito le autorit cetniche, e
civili del paese.
Nel corso delle discussioni tenute in questa prima riunione, il capitano
Milan Markovic, essendo il maggiore Glisic tuttora irreperibile, cerc di se-
guire il solito sistema di risistenza passiva, dichiarando che il suo comandante
era partito senza lasciargli alcuna direttiva e che egli non aveva alcuna veste
per prendere, in sua assenza, qualsiasi decisione. Chiedeve inoltre che, fino al
ritorno del maggiore Glisic i poteri civili restassero allautorita cetnica.
In particolare, egli afferm:
=che il maggiore Glisic sarebbe ritornato a Nova Varos al pi tardi entro la
notte prossima e, pertanto, chiedeva di rimandare qualsiasi decisione al suo
ritorno;
=che i tedeschi avevano dato loro lordine di rimanere a Nova Varos; ci con-
trastava con gli accordi presi a suo tempo col maggiore Glisic (vadi foglio
3463/Op. del 2 giugno u. s.) nei quali era stato convenuto che i cetnici serbi
avrebbero dovuto sgomberare la zona lasciando, ai nostri ordini ed al nostro
soldo una banda di 300 uomini, dislocata in zona che sarebbe stata a suo tem-
po definita;
=che loro dipendevano direttamente dal comando tedesco e, pertanto, non po-
tevano ricevere alcun ordine da noi.
252 .
Da informazioni assunte sul posto e da quanto il capitano Markovic stes-

so stato indotto ad smmettere una volta postagli la questione in termini
precisi, risultato per che:
=non appena giunte a Nova Varos le automobili con la commissione si era te-
nuta una riunione di ufficiali cetnici nella quale veniva deciso allunanimit di
fare quanto era possibile per rimanere in posto in attesa che la situazione si
chiarisse; la riunione degli ufficiali si era poi sciolta al grido di Viva Re Pietro;
=che il maggiore Glisic era arrivato il giorno prima a Nova Varos ma visto che
cerano gli Italiani era ripartito allalba per Uzice, senza presentarsi al nostro
comando e dando ordine al capitano Markovic di tirare in lungo le discussio-
ni allo scopo di guadagnare tempo.
Io intanto, incaricavo il mio ufficiale di collegamento ad Uzice di con-
trollare presso il comando tedesco la veridicit delle affermazioni dei cetnici
per quanto riguardava gli ordini che esso aveva loro dati. Il comando tedesco
comunicava:
=che non aveva mai dato ordine ai cetnici di rimanere a Nova Varos in con-
trasto colle nostre decisioni, anche perch non no aveva veste trattandosi di
reparti cetnici in teritorio sotto la giurisdizione italiana.
=che anzi aveva ordinato loro di collaborare con noi metendosi a comleta no-
stra disposizione, dato che si trovavano entro la nostra zona di giurisdizione.
Constatata cosi la malafede dei cetnici, decidevo di troncare qualsiasi di-
scussione ed ordinavo:
=che il comandante del battaglione Cadore a cominciare dalle ore 16 dello
stesso giorno, assumesse:
-tutti i poteri civili e militari senza alcuna limitazione,
-il comadno del presidio e la responsabilit della difesa di Nova Varos;
=che a partire dalla stessa ora i reparti cetnici del distretto passassero alle diret-
te dipendenze del comando italiano.
Tali mie decisioni venivano comunicate, alle ore 15.30, alle autorit cet-
niche, civili e religiose convocate durgenza.
Il capitano Markovic tent ancora di opporre resistenza ma infine di
fronte alla ferma dichiarazione che la nostra decisione era irrevocabile e che
anche se il maggiore Glisic fosse stato presente non avrebbe potuto fare altro
che prendere atto dello stato di fatto da noi voluto, dovette cedere.
Dal complesso degli avvenimenti che ho esposto risultato che:
=loccupazione di Nova Varos da parte nostra ha provocato viva contrariet nel
campo cetnico;
=non potendo opporsi con le armi alla nostra occupazione, i cetnici hanno
cercato con ogni espediente di guadagnare tempo sperando forse di riuscire,
per altra via, come gi era avvenuto in altra occasione, di farci recedere dalle
nostre decisioni;
... 253
=di fronte al nostro contegno deciso che li ha posti di fronte al fatto compiuto,
per hanno cambiato atteggiamento e si sono dichiarati disposti a collaborare
con noi; in questo modo essi sperano di poter continuare a permanere nella
zona, malgrado la nostra presenza cosa che non permetter dato il loro carat-
tere di aderenza alle teorie di Draga Mihajlovic.
Allego una relazione sulla situazione militare, politica ed economica del di-
stretto di Nova Varos.
IL GENERALE DI DIVISIONE M. O.
COMANDANTE
( Giovanni Esposito )
IL MAGGIORE
CAPO DI STATO MAGGIORE F. F.
(Alberto de Giorgio)
Allegato al foglio n. 3941/Op. in

data 3. luglio 1942 XX
SUTUAZIONE MILITARE, POLITICA ED ECONOMICA DI

NOVAVAROS
CONDIZIONI GENERALI.
Nova Varos conta 2.600 abitanti di cui 1.100 ortodossi e 1.500 musulmani.
Come si verifica in altri distretti del Sangiaccato tutta la popolazione mu-
sulmana accentrata nel capoluogo ed dedita principalmente al commercio;
nei villaggi circonvicini esistono solamente ortodossi dediti al lavoro dei campi;
infatti nel comune di Bogetici vi sono 3.500 abitanti di cui 3.400 ortodossi e 100
musulmani; a Drazevici 2.600 ortodossi; a Rutose 2.300 ortodosi; a Radojnia
1.160 ortodossi; a Bistrica 2.500 ortodossi. Anche nel distretto di Nova Varos la
miniranza musulmana (1.200 musulmani su 14.600 ortodossi) non ben vista
della popolazione in quanto esercita il commercio con intendimenti troppo spe-
culativi, sfruttando praticamente la quasi totalit dei contadini.
Le condizioni economiche della regione, in periodo normale erano abba-
stanza floride; la zona ricca di boschi e di pascoli; data laltezza per pove-
ra di terreni seminativi. Il fabbisogno annuo era di circa 30 vagoni di cereali che
venivano importati principalmente della Serbia. Le esportazioni di legname e di
bestiame superavano per largamente il costo dei cereali importati; la bilancia
commerciale era quindi attiva e procurava una certa agiatezza anche ai contadini.
254 .
Economicamente la citt ha molto sofferto per le vicende succedutesi negli ulti-

mi anni. Prima della guerra lesercito Jugoslavo ha fatto forti requisizioni di bestiame;
subito dopo la capitolazione sono giunti i tedeschi che si sono fermati per una venti-
na di giorni e nel ripartire hanno portato al seguito bestiame e merci requisite; da lu-
glio a settembre sono passati Croati ed ustasci che si sono dati a razzie ed a violenze;
in settembre ed in ottobre sono passati i nostri battaglioni Bolzano e Feltre che
sono per ricordati con simpatia; in dicembre ed in gennaio vi stata loccupazione
partigiana che ha fatto affluire un considerevole numero di armati (oltre duemila)
impoverendo ancor di pi la regione; i numerosi cetnici sopravvenuti dopo il 6 feb-
braio sono vissuti sulle risorse locali esaurendo le poche scorte rimaste.
Le semine sono state effettuate in misura quasi superiore al normale, in
quanto i contadini hanno preferito interrare il grano come semente che lasciar-
selo requisire dalle varie truppa di passaggio; data laltezza il raccolto si avr solo
a settembre e, di conseguenza occorrer provvedere a rifornire di grano la regio-
ne per i fabbisogni di luglio e di agosto.
Vi sono attualmente in Nova Varos almeno 50 famiglie che non hanno al-
cun mezzo di sussistenza e che vivono di verdure e avanzi del rancio dei cetnici.
I cetnici hanno fatto arrivare in questi ultimi tempi 5 vagoni di sale, 1 va-
gone di zucchero ed 1 vagone di farina. Larrivo della Serbia di questi generi ha
avuto un notevole affetto propagandistico.
Il fabbisogno attuale pi urgente di grano, zucchero, [...]31 e riso; sale se ne
pu trovare ancora qualche piccolo [...] dei 5 vagoni inviati dai cetnici. Manca,
sopratutto, il pane.
I prezzi sono alti in quanto non esiste in Nova Varos un calmiere.
Le condizioni sanitarie sono discrete; si era verificato precedentemente
qualche caso di tifo petecchiale ma ora lepidemia scomparsa.
La centrale elettrica tuttora in funzione, sabbene limpianto sia in condi-
zioni precarie e necessiti di riparazioni urgenti. Il prezzo dellenergia elettrica
fissato in 15 dinari al KW ora.
In Nova Varos vi tuttora un medico privato, professionalmente discreto,
per un forestiero venuto dalla Macedonia, non pagato dal comune e la mag-
gior parte della popolazione non in grado di pagare le visite; ha gi manifestato
lintenzione di abbandonare la citt al pi presto. La farmacia tuttora in fun-
zione ma priva completamente di medicinali; il farmacista, cattolico, si limita a
vendere erbe medicinali per tisane e decotti.
Il servizio postale non funziona; lufficio per in condizioni discrete ed il
personale potrebbe ripristinare agevolmente il servizio.
La valuta corrente il dinaro serbo; vengono accottate anche le lire e, causa
i frequenti rapporti specie dei commercianti musulmani con Sjenica e lAlbania,
circolano anche i lek. I contadini sono in possesso ancora di vecchia moneta
31 ... (. ).
... 255
jugoslava stampigliata e non stampigliata; hanno pure delle kune date in paga-
mento dai Croati durante la loro permanenza. La situazione valutaria quindi
molto confusa e vi sono molti speculatori che contrabbandano valuta e fanno
frequenti arbitraggi tra lire, dinari serbi e lek. Si pu affermare che tutte le lire
che giungono nel distretto prendono la via della Serbia e dellAlbania.
Le autorit civili sono molto disorientate. Data la continua presenza di trup-
pe e di armati irregolari che esercitavano nella zona poteri assoluti, i limiti di
competenza fra lautorit civile e lautorit militare sono sempre stati quanto mai
incerti; le autorit civili si sono pertanto limitate a fare atti di ordinaria ammini-
strazione ed a tenero al corrento i registri di Stato Civile.
Il comune percepisce tuttora dei piccoli diritti di mercato che servono per
gli stipendi degli impiegati fissi; si proceder quanto prima ad una indagione
sulla situazione della finanza comunale.
Le autorit religiose sono tuttora in carica; lIman musulmano ed il Pope or-
todosso hanno confermato che hanno sempre potuto svolgere la loro missione
con sufficiente libert, sia sotto la occupazione partigiana, sia sotto quella cetnica.
In complesso la vita ha ripreso in Nova Varos un ritmo quasi normale; la
maggioranza della popolazione ritornata alle proprie abitazioni ed in attesa
di una sistemazione definitiva della regione per poter attendere con una certa
tranquillit ai normali traffici.
Tutte le case sono in un discreto stato di abitabilit; nessuna casa stata bruciata
nei diversi conflitti che si sono succeduti; gli edifici pubblici, occupati per la totalit
dalle truppe, sono stati tenuti in un discreto stati di manutenzione e potrebbero con
poco lavoro venire adibiti al normale loro uso. Quasi tutte le suppellettili (mobili di
ufficio, banchi di scuola etc.) e le dotazioni di stampati sono per andati dispersi.
La strada Bistrica Nova Varos per lungi tratti ha fondo naturale poco in-
ghiaiato e necessiterebbe di urgenti riparazioni perch nel periodo delle pioggie
si trasformer in un pantano; la linea telefonica, che per 56 Km. poggiava sul
terreno in corso di riparazione.
COMUNITA MUSULMANA
La comunit musulmana tuttora abbastanza compatta; i rappresentanti
confermano che durante la occupazione partigiana sono stati uccisi 4 soli musul-
mani; durante la occupazione cetnica nessun musulmano stato ucciso o fatto
segno a violenze.
Dopo loccupazione croata, una quarantina di musulmani hanno seguito le
formazioni ustascie che si ritiravano; allatto dellabbandono di Nova Varos da
parte dei comunisti una decina di musulmani si rifugiata verso Sjenica per ti-
more dellarrivo dei cetnici.
Dei frequenti rapporti che i musulmani hanno con Sjenica risulta che anche
quella comunit ha avuto poche noie; a Nova Varos non giunta notizia di at-
tacchi da parte di cetnici ai musulmani della zona di Sjenica.
256 .
Lapporto dei musulmani alla rivoluzione partigiana non stato di grande

entit; solo una decina di famiglie hanno seguito i comunisti; i familiari dei ribel-
li si sono ora rifugiati parte a Sjenica e parte a Pec.
COMUNITA ORTODOSSA
Nella comunit ortodossa di Nova Varos esiste un certo dissidio circa latteg-
giamento da tenere in confronto dei cetnici. Mentre la totalit dei contadini orto-
dossi stata armata, gli ortodossi del centro non sono stati inquadrati manifesta-
no un certo disappunto per il sistema di governo dei cetnici, abbastanza autoritari.
Durante la rivoluzione partigiana sembra che sino stati uccisi solo 5 orto-
dossi della citt e 100 ortodossi dei villaggi; questo un segno che la popolazio-
ne della citt si apposta al comunismo meno di quella della campagna. Di con-
seguenza i cetnici tengono un contegno di attesa nei confronti degli ortodossi
cittadini che sono sospetti di comunismo.
CETNICI
La forza cetnica presente in Nova Varos di circa 300 armati; altri 300 sono
sullo Slatar; si ha cosi un complesso di circa 600 armati, dotati di molte armi
automatiche con forte munizionamento. Nella zona ad est di Nova Varos per-
mangono tuttora forti nuclei cetnici; i quali sono cosi in grado di radunare atto
no alla citt diverso migliaia di armati.
Il contegno dei cetnici nei nostri confronti, se non provocante per lo meno
di voluta freddezza. Nessun cetnico armato o disarmato saluta gli Ufficiali Italia-
ni, mentre si effondono in visibili ed ostentati saluti al passaggio di un soldato
semplice Tedesco.
I cetnici locali sono al comando del maggiore Glisic; suo sostituto il capi-
tano Markovic Milan.
I cetnici sono giunti a Nova Varos il 6 febbraio dopo avere sostenuto un
combattimento di unacerta entit in zona Kodic (una decina di Km. ad est di
Nova Varos). Lingresso in citt non stato contrastato: solo poche fucilate alla
periferia. Di conseguenza la citt non ha sofferto nella lotta.
Giunti in citt i cetnici hanno cercato di accapararsi le simpatie della popo-
lazione che gi aveva manifestato segni di stanchezza del giogo comunista.
Hanno fatto arrivare dei viveri, hanno cercato di riorganizzare le autorit
civili ed hanno garantito lordine pubblico in modo rigoroso.
Il vice podest musulmano che stato riconfermato in carica dai cetnici, con-
ferma che non ha mai avuto difficolt nello svolgere il suo mandato e che le re-
lazioni tra musulmani e ortoddossi sono sempre state discrete. Ha notato che gli
ufficiali richiamavano e punivano i cetnici che si abbandonavano a manifestazioni
antimusulmane. Anche nella distribuzione di viveri a pagamento non sono state
fatte parzialit, anzi i musulmani in genere, pi ricchi degli ortodossi, hanno potu-
to acquistare maggiore quantitativo di generi. Conferma inoltre che il Vidovdan
passato tranquillo e non vi sono state manifestazioni neanche verbali contro i
musulmani. Non gli risulta che sia in atto una mobilitazione cetnica.
... 257
In citt si parla molto della morte del capitano Ignatovic.

La versione ufficiale quella del suicidio; qualche informatore parla per di
due colpi di rivoltella dietro lorecchio e sembra impossibile che dopo il primo
colpo che lo ha certamente fulminato, lIgnatovic abbia potuto spararsene un
secondo. Anche i pareri sulle cause che hanno determinato leventuale suicidio
sono discordi. Qualcuno dipinge lIgnatovic una persona posata, nemico acer-
rimo dei comunisti. Nei suoi discorsi era pacato e diceva che la zona di Nova
Varos in un secondo tempo sarebbe passata alla Serbia ma che ora bisognava
fare una politica di attesa.
Altri dicono che lIgnatovic era strettamente legato al Draga Mihajlovic
e che abbia avuto da questi lordine di attaccare gli Italiani e di opporsi mano
armata al loro ingresso in Nova Varos. Non volendo eseguire questordine,
o non potendolo eseguire per opposizione degli altri capi, avrebbe preferito
sopprimersi.
TEDESCHI
I tedeschi, che hanno un loro posto di confine a Kokin Brod (QHBN)
sono in continui rapporti coi cetnici ei Nova Varos, che lasciano intendere chia-
ramente di riconoscere la loro sola autorit.
Il capitano distrettuale di Nova Varos certo Rogic Desimir da Dubre (Uzi-
ce) un funzionario della prefettura di Uzice distaccato dalle autorit serbe, col
consenso delle autorit tedesche, per am[...] in nome e per conto loro il distretto
di Nova Varos. Il presidio tedesco di Kokin Bord attualmente di 50 uomini;
sembra che prossimamente varr ridotto a solli 15 uomini.
Pattuglio tedesche vengono con frequenza Nova Varos per acquisti di gene-
ri alimentari, sovente anche con carri.
E voco corrente in Nova Varos che i tedeschi, per ragionialimentari ab-
biano avuto il permesso di portare con loro le famiglie nel territorio di occupa-
zione; pertanto non vedono volentieri lafflusso di altri cetnici nel territorio da
loro occupato.
I cetnici che nei giorni corsi si erano spostati verso Kokin Brod sono stati
dai tedeschi rimandati a Nova Varos, con lassicurazione che gli Italiani si sareb-
bero fermati solo un paio di giorni e poi [...] sarebbero andati. Anche lo sgombe-
ro dei magazzini armi e munizioni stato sospeso dietro consiglio dei tedeschi.
Il primo luglio si sono presentati al comando del battaglione Cadore un
sottoufficiale ed alcuni soldati tedeschi chiedende un autemezzo per recarsi
a Prijepolje dovando ritirare alcuni prigionieri. Il battaglione Cadore a signifi-
cato di non avere alcun automezzo e disposizione; i tedeschi si sono quindi rivol-
ti al comande cetnico che ha subito messo a loro disposizione un autocarro. Si
poi saputo che i sei prigioneri erano partigiani ca turati dai cetnici di Glisic e che
erano stati fermati dal nostro presidio di Prijepolje mentre i cetnici carcavano di
tradurli a Nova Varos. I cetnici hanno protestato preano le autorit tedesche per
Larbitrio commasso dagli Italiani che avevano [...] loro dei comunisti da loro
258 .
catturati; le autorit tedesche hanno dato loro soddisfazione chiedendo la con-

segna dei sei detenuti. (Risulta che i cetnici hanno in carcece a Nova Varos solo
unadescina di partigiani; tra di essi il giudica Petronijevic certo Karamarkovic,
maestro di Sjenica: non si sa anche quasti verranno consegnati ai tedeschi).
Per disciplinare lingresso in Nova Varos delle pattuglie tedesche il batta-
glione Cadore istituir un posto di blocco sulla strade di Kokin Brod e cercha-
ra di allacciarsi per telefono con tale localit i tedeschi che vengono a Nova Va-
ros per acquisto viveri dovranno rivolgersi al presidio e i rapporti con le autorit
verranno regolati per telefono, riduccando cosi al minimo le interferenze.
SITUAZIONE ATTUALE
Si gi detto che i cetnici dimonstrano dei nostri confronti se non ostilit
almeno une ostentata freddezza.
I cetnici, non vedono di nuon occhio gli Italiani parci si sono fatta la con-
vinzione che fin dove ci sono i tedeschi Serbia, dove ci sono gli Italiani Albania
o Montenegro. Di conseguenza loccupazione italiana di Nova Varos significa
per loro la definitiva perdite del territorio conquistato a prezzo di sangue nolla
lotta anticomunista.
Sembra che in questo siano anche sorretti dai tedeschi iquali avevano loro
promesso che il confine sarebbe stato al ponte Bistrica.
La loro ostilit agli Italiani aumentata anche dallappoggio da noi dato ai
musulmani. Particolarmente oggetto di critiche il fatto che la banda musulma-
na di Paciaris alle nostre dirette dipendenze non da noi perfettamento con-
trollata. A detta dei cetnici, elementi della banda Paciaris invece di restare in
Prijepolje girano nella zona commettendo violenze. I cetnici dicono che soppor-
teranno ancora per poco il Vagabondaggio dei musulmani nel loro territorio.
In questi primi giorni di nostra occupazione non possibile avere notizie di
sicura attendibilit n da cetnici ne da musulmani. I cetnici ci sono avversi; i mu-
sulmani che temono un nostro prossimo allontanamento tengono una posizione
di prudente sttesa e non vogliono compromettersi.
Non stato quindi possibile avere notizie circa i probabili rapporti dei cet-
nici di Glisic col generale Draga Mihajlovic; in paesa dicono che non hanno mai
visto ne il generale Nedic neil generale Draga Mihajlovic; la sola notabilit serba
giunta in zona stato il colonnello Korac, venuto ai primi di marzo con un uffi-
ciale tedesco e subito riternato ad Uzice.
I musulmani che sembra abbiano visto il nostro arrivo con piacere accenna-
no in pubblico qualche timido saluto; e assicurano che i cetnici hanno proibito il
saluto romano permettendo solo di portare la mano alla visiera.
IL MAGGIORE
CAPO DI STATO MAGGIORE F. F.
(Alberto de Giorgio)
... 259
. 3941/O. .. 206 = 3. 1942 XX

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Archivio dellUfficio Storic dello Stato Maggiore dellEsercito, 5o Divisione Alpina

Pusteria
, 30,
, 28,
,
,
Gruppo di autori 2002 : Gruppo di autori, Bolletino del Archivio dell Ufficio Storico,
numero 34, Roma.
2012: , (
), , . 1.
Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. marta 1931. godine, I, Prisutno
stanovnitvo, broj kua i domainstava, Beograd, 1937.
Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. marta 1931. godine, II, Prisutno
stanovnitvo po veroispovesti, Beograd, 1937.
2012: , , III, .
1964: . , , .
... 271
Milutin D. ivkovi
The Report of the Italian Division

Pusteria on the Occupation of Nova Varo
at the End of June 1942, and on military,
political and economic circumstances
in the town and its surrounding
Summary
At the beginning of February 1942, with the permission of German occupation
authorities, the troops of the general Milan Nedi defeated partisans forces in Nova
Varo. Before that event the place had been under the authority of revolutionary bod-
ies of KPY from the beginning of December 1941. In this attack a prominent role was
played by legalized chetnik units in the armed forces controlled by Nedi. This was the
attempt of the general Nedi to enlarge the frontiers of the occupied Serbia to the area
of Sandak. Although Nova Varo was located in the Italian occupation zone, chetnik
units stayed in it until the end of June 1942. In the meantime, new civilian authorities
were established, Sandaks chetnik unit created, which unified all other units in that
area under the command of the major Milo Glii, and organized urgent supply of
population with foodstuffs. General Nedi tried hard by diplomatic means to put under
his command Sjenica, but could not do it because of the opposition of Muslims. On the
other hand, commanders of the mentioned chetnik units, especially major Glii, were
keeping the active link with the movement of Dragoljub Mihailovi and were acting in
his interest. Due to that, they did not obey orders from the government from Belgrade,
especially during the operation against partisans at the left bank of the Lim in May and
June 1942. Italian occupation authorities did not look favourably at the presence of
Nedis troops in Novovaroki district. As the danger of the partisans units was dwin-
dling for them, they began to seek the return of their forces at this area. The initiative
was going through the commander of the division Pusteria in Pljevlja of the general
Giovanni Esposito. After many negotiations and ultimatums, at the end of June 1942,
Italians occupied Nova Varo once again, while chetnik units were forced to retreat
at the territory under the command of Military commander of Serbia. The enclosed
document is testifying on the fact how negotiations were being run between Italians
and chetnik officers, and on the handover of the power in Nova Varo.
Key words: Nova Varo, Italians, Pusteria, Milo Glii, Sandaks chetnik
unit, Giovanni Esposito, Milan Nedi.
10. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
94:711.1(497.11)"1944/1955"(093.2)
. *
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u: Sociologija grada (izbor tekstova, uvodna studija, bio-bibliografske beleke i redakcija
prevoda Sreten Vujovi), Beograd, 1988, 103-114.
2 Leonardo Benevolo, Grad u istoriji Evrope, Beograd, 2004, 8, (u daljem tekstu: L. Benevolo,
Grad...); Ljubinko Pui, itanje grada : izmeu duha i materije, Novi Sad, 1995, str. 1419.
3 . ... 260.
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6 Ivana Dobrivojevi, ,,Stambene prilike u jugoslovenskim gradovima 1945-1955, Istorija
20. veka, 2012, vol 30, br. 2, 115.
7 Ivanka Gili, Dinamika i struktura gradskog stanovnitva Jugoslavije, demografski aspekt
urbanizacije, Beograd 1967, 85.
8 , , : 1918-1941, 2006, 53, ( -
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11 Milan Ristovi, Rat i razaranje drutva u Srbiji 1941-1945. godine : skica za jednu
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12 , -
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22 Jiri Muzli, Urbanizacija u socijalistikim zemljama, Sociologija grada: socioloka
hrestomatija (izbor tekstova, uvodna studija, bio-bibliografske beleke i redakcija prevoda
Sreten Vujovi), Beograd, 1988, 358-359.
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, .
-
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.
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-
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1955. .
.
, ,
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, . 1/1955.
, . 2, 9. 1956.
. 9, , 2002. .
1948 2002. ,
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, . 2, 15, 17, 25, 1953. . 44, 45, 51, 1954. .
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55 , , . 380,
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... 285
Jovan D. SIMIJANOVI
Some aspects of the Urbanization Process

of the Town of Kraljevo after the Second
World War 1944-1955
Summary
A forced industrialization immediately after the Second World War had impact
on the sudden influx of population from rural areas in towns. This politics of the
authorities was caused by two reasons: political-ideological relations toward peas-
ant issue, and economic-social circumstances bearing in mind the fact in the largest
parts of that state the overcrowding was prevalent in agricultural milieu.
Communal infrastructure of those towns (cities) in Serbia could not be neces-
sary to meet human level of needs of the new come population.
Initial fundaments of the future town planning are included in the regulation
and urban plans, which now represent extraordinary sources for the reconstruction
of the urban development image. Dynamic demographic and industrial growth
easily outgrows plans making them initially obsolete and disproportional with the
needs of the town.
In the first post-war decade Kraljevo faced a lot of demographic and urban
problems, as a majority of urban settlements in that time Serbia. In the first decade
after the Second World War population increased, and there were changes in the
population structure.
The lack of housing fund caused bad residential conditions. Towns authorities
via building department tried to solve problems by rehabilitation, construction and
renovation.
In the preliminary draft of Regulation plan for 1948 some shortcomings were
clearly noticed regarding the traffic regulation; road and rail transport including
the problem of the issues of housing and urban solutions of the downtown to-
gether with the one of insufficient surface of green areas. Kraljevo was defined as
industrial town at an important traffic crossroad as per its shape condition by the
field configuration, the town in series. The town itself was planned as a gravita-
tion centre of iki district, but from practical point of view Kraljevo had already
been a regional centre for much larger area including the the whole Studeniki,
and parts of Dragaevski, Moraviki, Trnavski, Takovski, Gruanski, Trsteniki
and upski district.
The draft suggested the solution to intensive transit traffic in a way that in per-
spective it will displace the crossing of regional roads outside of urban centre.
286 .
Due to insufficient housing fund a problem of illegal construction appeared,

which was taking root so that until the middle of 1953 each eighth subject on mis-
demeanour proceeding related to illegal construction.
New draft of the General Urban Plan, which was due to pass some advanced
solutions and to amend the previous one from 1948 more concretely was finished
in February 1954, and was adopted in 1955.
Regulation and General Urban Plan had traced to Kraljevo the most general
frames and theses, which defined future character and spirit of the settlement. Nu-
merous surfaces which were dedicated, as per the plans, to sport and in the func-
tion of picnic places, were slightly transformed in housing settlements. Traffic in-
frastructure was solidly projected in accordance with traffic intensity of that time;
nevertheless, those happy solutions in further years became ballast by the increase
of intensity and volume of traffic, and the increased number of motor vehicles. Only
the oldest core of the town remained unchanged. Flat building in the period from
1944 to 1955 still was taking root. Construction of the significant number of dwell-
ings followed in the next period.
Key words: Kraljevo, Rankovievo, 1944-1955, urbanization, urban plan, regu-
lation plan, population, traffic.
9. 2014. ,
.

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316.728(=163.41:=18)"199"
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: Istorija i seanje Studije istorijske svesti, Institut za noviju istoriju Srbije, Beograd.
2007: . ,
,
, , -.
1986: . . , ( ), -, -
-.
Puhovski 2001: . Puhovski, Uporaba povijesti u tvorbi kolektivnoga identiteta, Re,
no. 61/7, Fabrika knjiga, Beograd.
Rajevi 2008: J. Rajevi, Institucije i identitet u severnoj Kosovskoj Mitrovici, :
Savremena kultura Srba na Kosovu i Metohiji (urednik: Saa Nedeljkovi), Batinik,
Kruevac.
2004: M. ,
, , . LII,
.
Tonkin 1992: E. Tonkin, Narrating our pasts: The social construction of oral history,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2001: A. , ( ),
, -
, , -.
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Duda 2002: T. Duda, Kosovo: Rat i osveta, Samizdat B92, Beograd.
Yates 1966: F. A. Yates, The Art of Memory, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
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- . 24-25, . LXVIII, 18. 2012.
- . 48-49, . LXIX, 25. 2013.
http://www.osce.org/kosovo/38678
http://www.b92.net/specijal/kosovo2004/
... 313
Aleksandar S. Pavlovi
Albanians in the memories of Serbs

in Northern Kosovska Mitrovica
in the context of everyday life
before the war 1999
Summary
The author of this paper shows the results of research among Serbs in Northern
Kosovska Mitrovica from the point of view of their memories on everyday life before the
war 1999. The central attention was paid to the memories on the most important, and at
the same time, contending others, that is, Albanians. The basic aim of the paper is to give
contribution for the consideration of the role the mentioned memories in the post-war,
radically altered ethnical and socio-political discourse have had in the self-identification
of Serbs in Northern Kosovska Mitrovica; giving contribution to the conception of eth-
nographic material for the consideration of their recent everyday life being fulfilled al-
most fifteen years with refugee-related reality, security risks, economic passiveness, and
uncertain tomorrow. From theoretical point of view, the author starts from the compre-
hension of memory as thoughtful image of the past inseparable from the experience of
reality being happened now which is, in other words, interweaved by the needs of the
present days, and hopes looking forward to the future. As such, memory is contemplated
through the direction by social and cultural context, that is, through the belonging to
collectivity which is modelling individual memories in accordance with identity-related
discourses, value system, and symbols comprehension. The author is also relying on the
socio-constructivist approach of the identity study, as per which identities are created
inside the discourse as the result of some social frame, which means they are situation
conditioned, changeable and subject to negotiating, rather than being a permanent cat-
egory which people are possessing it themselves. The research had been conducted
with respondents through interviews which were of open type, and which were diffused
toward the most different directions where pre-war everyday life were the most present.
The attitudes of the respondents were in the focus of research so that the material at
which the paper was based upon was of narrative character, from which the analysis was
directed to the discourse under which was understood the form of social practice whose
basic unit was the attitude, that is statement. The research had been conducted among
elderly and middle age people of Serbs which were born in Kosovska Mitrovica or spent
a large part of their life including the ones which emigrated there after the war from the
wider area of Kosovo and Metohia Southern from the river of Ibar. In the aim of field
research the author repeatedly stayed there from the middle of 2011 until the beginning
of 2014 in the total duration of over six months.
314 .
The research results indicate the fact that memories of Serbs in Northern Kosovska
Mitrovica to Albanians in the context of pre-war everyday life interweaved by the dis-
course of post-war everyday life, where everyday life before the war 1999 is experienced
through the belonging to our time, during which in Kosovo and Metohia the state of Yu-
goslavia was present, that is Serbia, differently from the everyday life after the war being
described in the context of their time, where that area belongs to the protectorate of in-
ternational community, and the preponderance in power distribution passes at Albanian
side. Contrast between the two mentioned times in the discourse of Serbs in Northern
Kosovska Mitrovica is expressed in the multiethnical character of everyday life before the
war, as the opposition of the state after the war where the ethnical division of the town
and open antagonism of Albanians occur manifested in numerous attempts to extermi-
nate Serbs from the part of the town Northern of the river of Ibar. The main responsi-
bility for such turning point is reproached to Albanian side for which it is alleged that it
started showing intolerance toward Serbs and desire for separation many years before
the war. The difference between everyday lives before and after the war is represented as
discrepancy between the one Serbs has or does not have today, and the one Albanians
had before the war. Albanians in the memories of respondents at everyday life during
several decades until 1999 appear as equal citizens, whom Serbs regardless of different
ethnical belonging accepted as neighbours, colleagues, acquaints, even friends. On the
other hand, the position of Serbs after the war is experienced diametrally different. Their
everyday life from the division of labour they connect with the sentiment of significant
risk, uncertainty, tensions, and risk of the outbreak of interethnic conflicts, for which as
the worst offenders are referred to Albanians. It is considered that the Albanians in our,
Yugoslav time, lived much better than Serbs live today, in their, Serbian time. Contrary
to their own position, which has been from the war onwards experienced through the
exposition to many permanent pressures and largely denied rights, respondents have
connected Albanians until the war with everyday life in which they were not being dete-
riorated by Serbian side. Relationships of Serbs in Northern Kosovska Mitrovica toward
Albanians after 1999 are imbued with the sentiment of the experienced injustice. Such
sentiment is interwoven in the self-identification of Serbs as the main victims of the war,
inextricably connected with negative perception of Albanians as the main culprits for
evil being inflicted to Serbs. Memories at Albanians in the context of everyday life before
the war are the resource which has got an important role in the victimization of Serbs.
Through the images on the other once, before the war, is shaped the image of yourself
today, after the war. By memories to Albanians in pre-war everyday life in other words,
is positioned the experience of yourself as the part lost a lot by the war, which Albanians
had already had before the war in Yugoslavia and Serbia.
Key words: everyday life, memory, discourse, identity, Serbs, Albanians,
Kosovska Mitrovica.
14. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
391.1/.2(=163.41)(497.115) ; 271.2:39(=163.41)(497.115)
. *
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, URL: http://www.manastir-
lepavina.htnet.hr/listicbrdva03.html
. , , URL:http://www.
svetosavlje.org/biblioteka/Knjige.htm
. , : , , 2008., URL:
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detaljnije/o_enskoj_odei/
- , , URL: http://
www.saborna-crkva.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=74&
Itemid=90
324 .
Milena B. LJIVI
Dressing of Internally Displaced persons

from Kosovo and Metohia in the church
Summary
Going to church for Serbian population in Kosovo and Metohia, as well as in
other parts of Serbia, was always representing an important event in the life of indi-
vidual and family which they are belonging to. The specificity of church as tradition-
al institution played an important role in the clothing choice being chosen for the
visit to its religious buildings, wherein a special attention is paid to the strict rules
laid down by church dogma. This theme was chosen by the author as a research
subject because it gave insight into material manifestation of religious identity of
internally displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohia through the clothing choice
they were considering suitable for going to church. In that sense, a crucial impor-
tance was given to the questions relating to the fact how clothing for church was
chosen, what its features were, and to the fact whether religion influenced everyday
dressing of the respondents.
Key words: internally displaced persons, Kosovo and Metohia, dressing, church.
21. 2014. , -
.

, , . 36, 2014
376.1-056.26/.36-053.5 ; 37.064.2
M. *
/

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* -, mirjana.bazic@gmail.com
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(. . 178028), , -
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336 .
Mirjana SIMI
Conditions for More Efficient

Implementation of the Inclusive
Education
Summary
Reform of the educational system means the inclusion as the integral compo-
nent of the educational system as a whole. The essence of inclusive system of educa-
tion is the change of school in that way each pupil makes progress as per his possi-
bilities. Educational model of the pupil with disabilities is based upon the approach
of positive discrimination where the importance of the creation of such surround-
ing for learning which will enable an optimal development of psychological func-
tions and the whole personality of the pupil with disabilities is emphasized. So, in
the focus of attention potentials of the pupil are preserved, and not only difficulty.
Alterations of attitudes toward the pupils with disabilities are the first pre-
condition which should be met and the first barrier which should be eliminated in
order to initiate the process of inclusive education. Some authors emphasize that
psychological barriers such as stereotypes and negative attitudes toward the pupils
with disabilities are being overcome by the process of inclusion. Inclusive education
and positive experiences acquired by its realization have a reversible impact on the
gradual alteration of attitudes, and development of more positive behaviour toward
the pupils with disabilities.
The development of the inclusive teaching in school commences by the active
approach of teacher for such kind of teaching performance. It is indispensable, be-
sides getting to know theoretic fundaments of inclusive teaching process, to work
on broadening of professional competences of teacher on the following fields of
methodological qualifications of teaching: identification of levels and structure of
knowledge, development characteristics, developing, implementation and evalua-
tion of the individualized programme of learning and model of inclusive teaching,
and creation of individual educational curricula and programmes.
It is not important to include only the pupil with special needs in regular class-
room, but it is important not to neglect other pupils. The teacher is the one who
should, including adequate motivation, professional qualification and support, acti-
vate positive changes with pupils and develop the sense of equality among pupils.
Educational system should ensure for all pupils the following: 1) equal right
and accessibility of education without discrimination and separation based on
gender, social, cultural, religious and other belonging; 2) qualitative and balanced
337
education based upon the achievements of contemporary science; 3) education in

democratically organized and socially responsible institution in which openness,
co-operation and tolerance are fostered, 4) equal opportunities for education at all
levels in accordance with the needs and interests of pupils without obstacles for
changes, and education during the whole life; 5) qualification for work of pupils
adjusted with contemporary requests of profession which they are prepared for.
Key words: inclusive education, pupils with disabilities, role of teacher, educa-
tional effects, equal rights.
14. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
373.54:62(497.11)"1919/1944"
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350 /
Sladjana VIDOSAVLJEVI
Jelena KRULJ DRAKOVI
HUMANITARAN AND EDUCATIONAL ROLE

OF FEMALE COMMUNITY AND ITS TRADE SCHOOLS
IN PRISTINA FROM 1919 TO 1944
Summary
The training and education of women was an important item of Serbia at the end
of the nineteenth century. It shows numerous examples which manifested their ap-
preciation, primarily through the establishment of various organizations, and schools,
in order to require that they should be allowed to voting. Therefore, Serbia was at that
time a very advanced society, patriarchal, but certainly not backward. It is in this atmo-
sphere and the region of Kosovo and Metohia comes to the establishment of female
community, and within them vocational schools, in order to organize the first Charity
and later on a professional and practical education of female children. There is no
doubt that here a special place belongs to a female community in Pristina and its voca-
tional school formed in 1919, which is continuously working until 1944 and hence a
nursery of future enlightened humane and education of women. In his nearly year-old
paper with the help of the Belgrade Womens Society, which is a sub-committee, the
female community of Pristina achieved remarkable results.
Key words: Female community of Pristina, the Womens Trade School in Pris-
tina, the rules of procedure, charity, education.
7. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
784.4(497.115)
. *
,

a a
. **
,

***
:
.

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* , bilja.pavlovic@yahoo.co.uk
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*** III 47023
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365
Biljana . PAVLOVI
FOLK MUSICAL CREATIVITY OF GNJILANE

IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MUSIC TEACHING
Summary
This paper discusses the folk musical creativity of town of Gnjilane and sur-
rounding from the perspective of music education. The possibility of using the
traditional folk music creation of this region in primary school teaching music was
pointed out. The literature that deals with folk music traditions of the Gnjilane
region was analysed. The basic characteristics of folk songs and dances from Gn-
jilane region and their educational function in teaching music were determined.
The paper describes some of the folk customs of the Gnjilane region originating
from the distant past. The use of traditional songs and dances of this region in
education, will contribute to fostering and preserving the rich Kosovo-Metohia
folk music tradition.
Key words: folk musical creativity, Gnjilane, Kosovo and Metohia, elementary
school, teaching music culture.
3. 2014. , -
.
, , . 36, 2014
373.3(497.11)"1804/1839"
M. *
/

1804 1839. **
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* -, bojana.bazic@gmail.com
**
(. . 178028), , -
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1804. 1839. 369

(1804-1813)
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1804. 1839. 371

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, MCMLXIV.
1804. 1839. 375
Bojana BAZI
The development of primary education

in Serbia from 1804 to 1839
Summary
In each society schooling is a very important axe of general development and
prosperity. The schooling development in Serbia from 1804 to 1839 was condi-
tioned by educational backwardness and national mixture of population. Therefore,
endeavours of literate people in that time were directed either to the development
of school network, education promotion, literacy or improvement of educational
degree, and taking people out from century-old educational backwardness. Aspira-
tions were visibly maintained and made considerable efforts so as to adapt the whole
school structure to cultural and economic needs of the country. Besides a consider-
able number of primary schools and passing of new legal regulations, a lot was done
for better and pedagogically-founded organization of educational work in them. In
Karaores Serbia the most educated officer of education was Dositej Obradovi.
He elaborated a programme of Serbian schools planning being opened in Serbia.
The leader of the Second Serbian Uprising Milo Obrenovi, who was illiterate
himself, did not try to do his best for school opening and their work. In the time of
Milo Obrenovi, considering the number of primary schools, Serbia was among
the last states of that time Europe. For the turning point of Serbian schooling de-
velopment the year 1836 had been taken, and since then schools were opened in a
planned manner and got school supervision.
In spite of numerous problems, those efforts resulted in the increase of schools
and pupils number, increase of pupils being covered by primary school, decrease of
illiteracy number, and improvement of educational structure of inhabitants of all
nationalities.
Key words: Primary school, educational system, pupils, teachers, teaching.
14. 2014. , -
.

, , . 36, 2014
904:625.7"652"(398) ; 904"652"(497.11)
*
, ,

-**
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, , , -
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., 1:
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, 2,
* , radmilopetrovic48@gmail.com
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,
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, , 9-10, .2)
. 2
(: . -, ,
, , 1974, . 79)
. 3
. (:
. , -
, 9-10, 1958-9, , 219-223; , -
, 1971, .XXV-XXVI bazilika u
Donjem gradu Cariinog grada.)
11
. 1
, , , 6.
(: . , Iconic Representation, -
The Age of Spirituality, , , 1979, str. 536-
537)
12
. 1, 3
6.
(: . )
. 2
6. ,
. ( . , ,
, , , 1994, 364)
- 409
Radmilo Petrovi
Tabula Peutingeriana and locating

of the road track Hammeo-Scupis
Summary
The road track from Prokuplje (Hameo) to Skoplje (Scupis) is the subject of
this paper. The interpretation of this problem by Von Domashevsky, Yastrebov and,
finally, by Emil Chershkov, almost half a century ago, had not had an opportunity
to view archaeological researches, which took place only recently. They have been
undertaken to viewing of the problem better including the locations of Balaynac,
Bregovina and finally, Caricin grad, as a domain of the territory of Dardania, which
is to be our primary interest.
Keywords: Hameo, Scupis, Prokuplje, Skoplje, Balajnac, Bregovina, Cariin grad.
23. 2014. , -
.

, , . 36, 2014
323.1(497.115)"19/20" ; 342.25(497.115) ;
341.31(497.115)"1999"
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de facto , -
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1961.
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,

90- .
1 , , -
, ,
/, 2012, 97-98.
2 Carl Savich, The Kosovo Crisis: Origins and History, 2000. Kosovo.com. Projekat Rastko.
Graanica Pe, 22.02.2014. godine.
3 Sami Repishti, Studies on Kosovo, New York, Columbia University Press, 1984, 213.
4 , 213.
415
1989.
2006. , .
(Paul Shoup) -
-
.
.5 de facto ,
1971. .
de iure, -
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1968-1974 .
:
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?

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6 , , , -
. 1127/1128, 2007, 41-42.
416 .
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(Noel Malkolm, Julie
Mertus) .

. -
.8
, -
,
.9
7 : Veljko Vujai, Historical Legacies, Nationalist Mobilization and

Political Outcomes in Russia and Serbia, A Welserian View, Theory and Society, 25, N 6,
1996, 769.
8 Julie Mertus, Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a War, Berkeley, University of
California Press, 1999, Introduction.
9
1998.
.
417
.10
-
.
-
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.11 ,
1989. .
-
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: 1981. ,
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1981.
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-

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. 1990.
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. -

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10 Julie Mertus, Kosovo: How Myth and Truths .... op. cit., 2.
11 , 4.
12 :
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.
13 Julie Mertus, Kosovo: How Myth and Truths .... op. cit, 32, 153, 187-191
418 .
. -
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14 Ian Brownlic, Intervention in Law and Civil War in the Modern World, John Norton Moore,
1974, 217, , , -
, . 35, /, 350-352.
419
. -
,
.
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,
1998. -
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-
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, fait accompli.
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420 .
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).
, -
. . -
, ,
. -

16 Holzgrefe J.J., Keeping a Factual Peace in Subduing Sovereignty: Sovereignty and the Right
to Intervene by Marianne Heiburg, London, Printer Publishers, 1994, 126-146.
421
.17

. ,
18.
1999. .
,
. , -

. , - (-) -
-
. -
,
, . -
,
,
.

Brownlic 1974: I. Brownlic, Intervention in Law and Civil War in the Modern World, John
Norton Moore.
Malone 2000: L. Malone, Book Review of Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a
War, Faculty Publications, Paper 601, Repository Citation, 591.
Mertus 1999: J. Mertus, Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a War, Berkeley,
University of California Press.
Repishti 1984: S. Repishti, Studies on Kosovo, New York, Columbia University Press.
Vujai 1996: V. Vujai, Historical Legacies, Nationalist Mobilization and Political
Outcomes in Russia and Serbia, A Welserian View, Theory and Society, 25, N 6.
2013: . , ,
- , , -
, / .
2007: . , , , -
. 1127/1128.
2007: . , , /
, .
2013: . , ,
, . 35, /.
, 2012: . , . ,
, , -
/.
17 Linda Malone, Book Review of Kosovo: How Myths and Truths Started a War, Faculty
Publications, Paper 601, Repository Citation, 591.
422 .
Sran . SLOVI
Key Features of Kosovar Conflict

Truth in the Function
of War Outbreak
Summary
Conflicts, which later on turned into the war in Kosovo and Metohia, are ex-
plained by the issues linked with the autonomy of Kosovo and Metohia, influence
of the events from recent past embodied in different interpretations of the truth and
political manipulation, and the role of NATO itself.
The issue of the autonomy of Kosovo and Metohia is subject to different inter-
pretations: for Kosovar Albanians autonomy represented statehood as the final pace
toward the secession from SFRY (Serbia), while for the Serbian part Kosovo and
Metohia possessed a large autonomy. Moreover, autonomous status of Kosovo and
Metohia was being reinforced permanently, and in 1974 it reached de facto republi-
can status. On the other hand, Kosovo and Metohia had de iure autonomous status,
because Albanian population had not been granted the status of constituent nation.
Many Western analysts thought Kosovo and Metohia should have been granted re-
publican status as the road toward the unavoidable independence, so that conflicts
were less likely to occur.
Some analytics such Malcolm and Mertus think that Kosovar conflicts, and
subsequent war are the result of the events from the recent past combined with po-
litical manipulation, and they were accompanied by the cultural form of domination
and subordination of the one ethnic group. Each part had its perception of truth. In
that circumstances, mediators as NGO-s should have had an impartial judgement.
Finally, humanitarian intervention by the NATO was not legal from the point
of view of classical international law. It was the result of coercive diplomacy, whose
effects were on short-time basis. The actual presence of NATO (KFOR) goes in
favour of the mentioned claim. Thus, geopolitics has prevailed over the humanism.
Key words: Kosovo and Metohia, autonomy, humanitarian intervention, inter-
national law, multi-ethnicity, NATO.
28. 2014. , -
.

, , . 36, 2014
316.644-057.875:323.1(497.115)"2013"
. *
-

**
: -

, 19.
2013. .
- , -
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.

,

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* , ivana.m.aritonovic@gmail.com
**
(. . 178028), , -
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publikacije/sever-kosova-i-lokalni-izbori-istrazivanje/Forum-2-2013.pdf
434 .
-
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369382.
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2010: . , , -
, vol. XLIV, no. 4, . 485502.
Clark 2000: . Clark, The Focus Group interview and Other Kinds of Group Activiteis,
College of Agricultural.
Lewis 2000: . Lewis, Focus Group interview in Qualitative Research: A Review of the
Literature, Action Research E-Reports (http://www.fhs.usyd.edu.au/arow/
arer/002.htm).
Rabiee 2004: F. Rabiee, The Focus- group interview and data analysis, School of Health
and Policy Studies, University of Central England, 665660.
http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/tema-dana/Protest-studenata-u-K-Mitrovici-zbog-
briselskog-sporazuma.lt.html
http://www.mnemosyne.org.rs/images/stories/publications-pdf/4a-martovski_
pogrom_na_kosovu_i_metohiji.pdf
http://www.fer.org.rs/uploads/sr/resursi/publikacije/sever-kosova-i-lokalni-izbori-
istrazivanje/Forum-2-2013.pdf
... 435
Ivana M. Milovanovi
New Kosovar Reality after

the Brussels Agreement Signing
Attitudes of Serbian Students
Summary
In this paper the results of explorative research carried out in Kosovska Mi-
trovica had been presented immediately after the so-called the Brussels Agree-
ment signing, which was initialled on April 19th 2013. Although the whole research
was based on the implementation of six focus-groups discussions, for the needs of
this paper we will point out the attitudes of students of the University of Pristine
with temporary seat in Kosovska Mitrovica. During the writing of this paper, the
implementation of some parts of this Agreement had already started, but the aim
of the paper was to make professional public opinion familiar with the perception
of new reality which was only announced to the citizens of the Republic of Serbia
by mass media during the research implementation. The research result are indicat-
ing a strong worry of the students of the University of Pristine, with temporary seat
in Kosovska Mitrovica, on their own future in Kosovo and Metohia, and everyday
life which in the moment of research implementation was not certainly carefree.
Nevertheless, above all the fear about the formal appearance of faculty diplomas
after the graduation was present, since immediately after the signing of the Brus-
sels Agreement rumour was spreading on Kosovar seals on Serbian diplomas.
Key words: Brussels Agreement, students, everyday life, Serbs, Kosovo and
Metohia.
23. 2014. ,
.
, , . 36, 2014
323.1(=163.41)(497.115)"2011" ;
316.644-057.875:316.7(497.115)"2011"

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1 P. Koruni, Nacija i nacionalni identitet, Revija za sociologiju, 36(1-2), 2005, 87-105.

2 P. Cinah, Speaking about Cultural Difference and School Disandvantage, British Journal
of Sociology of Education, 22(3), 2001, 317-337.
3 N. Luhmann, , , , 2001.
4 . , , -
, 31(3), 2011, 25-46.
5 . , , -
, 31(4), 2011, 335-354.
6 R. Dènkins, , XX , , 2001.
7 H. Giroux, N. McLaren, America 2000 and Politics of Gresure: Democracy and Cultural
Difference under Siege, International Journal of Educational Reform, 1(2), 1992, 99-110.
... 439
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9 Z. Milenovic, Inclusive Education as a consequence of the globalisation process,
Metodicki obzbori, 6(12), 2011, 73-79.
10 F. Leing, . Hardin, A Cultural Formulations Approach to Career Assessment and Career
Couseling with Asian American Clients, Journal of Career Development, 37(1), 2010, 465-486.
11 . , -
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446
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Giroux, McLaren 1992: H. Giroux, N. McLaren, America 2000 and Politics of
Gresure: Democracy and Cultural Difference under Siege, International Journal
of Educational Reform, 1(2), 99-110.
Dènkins 2001: R. Dènkins , , XX , -
.
Koruni 2005: P. Koruni, Nacija i nacionalni identitet, Revija za sociologiju, 36(1-2),
2005, 87-105.
Leing, Hardin 2010: F. Leing, E. Hardin, A Cultural Formulations Approach to Career
Assessment and Career Couseling with Asian American Clients. Journal of Career
Development, 37(1), 465-486.
Luhmann 2001: N. Luhmann, , , .
2013: . ,
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, -
, , 305-318.
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globalisation process, Metodicki obzbori, 6(12), 73-79.
2010: . , -
1918. , , 20(28), 223-230.
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misao, 37(4), 83-88.
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British Journal of Sociology of Education, 22(3), 317-337.
... 451
Zivorad Milenovi
NATIONAL IMAGE AND REDEFINING of Serbs

NATIONAL IDENTITY IN KOSOVO AND METOHIA
IN THE PERIOD OF GLOBALIZATION
Summary
Globalization is a worldwide process of planetary scale, which means the domi-
nation of the West, and America, hence the name of Westernization or American-
ization. In terms of globalization, the world is dominated and/or governmental
interest, power, military and economic power, which can result in a reduction of
the importance of national identity of small nations and peoples. Preservation of
national identity is not only defensive mechanisms in politics, but also in history,
tradition, culture, economy and other spheres of civic and cultural life of the Serbs
in Kosovo and Metohia. By redefining the national identity of the Serbs in Kosovo
and Metohia and branding of historical, cultural and economic achievements dur-
ing the period of globalization, international public and politicians would be pre-
sented a positive image of Serbian culture, history and economy of Kosovo and
Metohia, which is mainly known for its world wars and ethnic conflicts. This paper
presents the results of research conducted in the second half of 2011, the sample of
218 residents in the villages of Strpce. Data collected by the survey were analysed
by factor analysis, t-test and analysis of variance. Factor analysis extracted two fac-
tors which population estimate: national identity and national image. T-test showed
that there were significant differences in the assessment of the population according
to sex, and analysis of variance, depending on the educational level of the popula-
tion on the importance and the need to redefine the national identity of the Serbs in
Kosovo and Metohia in the period of globalization.
Key words: national identity, national image and cultural heritage of Kosovo and
Metohia, globalization, branding, history of Serbs, Serbian tradition, culture of Serbs.
22. 2013. ,
.

, , . 36, 2014

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Editor-in-chief

, Ph. D. Sran Slovi, Scientific Associate

Summaries in English Language

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institut Ka srpsku kulturu

Jovana D. Bojovi, From the Zoonomy of Ibarski Kolain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Sneana M. Kadi, The Letter of Love of Despot Stefan Lazarevi

Marija M. Savi, Roman Agriculture in Kosovo and Metohia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

ore eki, On the importance of Law with Serbs

Branko Nadoveza, Proposals of the Political Set up of Serbia

Aleksandar S. Pavlovi, Albanians in the Memories of Serbs

Mirjana M. Simi, Conditions for More Efficient Implementation

Radmilo Petrovi, Tabula Peutingeriana and Locating

Sran . Slovi, Key Features of Kosovar Conflict

Ivana M. Milovanovi, New Kosovar Reality after the

Velibor Lazarevic, Endowment to good descendants and soul savings

Instructions to the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

3 : (), (), (),

FROM THE ZOONOMY OF IBARSKI KOLASIN

The Letter of Love of Despot Stefan

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Narrative Instances, Focalizers and

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46 . erkov, op.cit., 94.

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Their position was also influenced by the proximity of rural settlements so as to

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Security-related Circumstances and

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23 , 1790-1918, . 2, , 1989, 724-725.

Proposals of the Political Set up

Historical Motives and Characters

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5.123 5.123 5.123 5.123 5.123

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52 1941, , , 1987, . 884.

KOSOVO DIVISION IN APRIL WAR 1941

COMANDO DELLA DIVISIONE ALPINA PUSTERIA30

N. 3941/Op. di prot. P. M. 206 = 3 Luglio 1942 XX

N. 3941/Op. di prot. P. M. 206 = 3 Luglio 1942 XX

. 3941/O. .. 206 = 3. 1942 XX