EE303 Energy Systems and Power Electronics

Fall 2012
Instructor: Dionysios Aliprantis

HW1 Solutions

1. Problem 1.2

(a) From table 1.2, the carbon footprint for production of 1 kWh for coal-fired plant is
2.117 lb . To produce 500 Whe of electricity using coal, the carbon footprint will be
2.117 lb
500 Whe = 1.06 lb
1000 Whe

(b) From table 1.2, the carbon footprint for production of 1 kWh for combined-cycle gas is
0.992 lb . To produce 500 Whe of electricity using gas, the carbon footprint will be
0.992 lb
500 Whe = 0.50 lb
1000 Whe

(c) From table 1.3, the carbon footprint for production of 1 kWh for wind is 0.03306 lb .
To produce 500 Whe of electricity using wind, the carbon footprint will be
0.03306 lb
500 Whe = 0.017 lb
1000 Whe

(d) From table 1.3, the carbon footprint for production of 1 kWh for PV is 0.2204 lb . To
produce 500 Whe of electricity using PV, the carbon footprint will be
0.2204 lb
500 Whe = 0.11 lb
1000 Whe

2. Problem 1.3
For use of CFL, the total cost of electricity in one month is
   
10 h $0.12 30 days
(18 W) = $0.65/month
day 1000 Wh 1 month

For use of incandescent lamp, the total cost of electricity in one month is
   
10 h $0.12 30 days
(60 W) = $2.16/month
day 1000 Wh 1 month

So the money saved in one month is

$2.16 $0.648 = $1.51

1
3. Problem 1.5
Assume that the oven has constant resistance, so
2
Vrated 2402
R= = = 48
Prated 1200
If the oven is connected to a 120 V source, then the power consumed is

V2 1202
P = = = 300 W
R 48
The oven will not provide the same heat.

4. Problem 1.6
If the generation fleet has 15% wind, 5% PV, and the rest is coal, the total CO2 emission is
 g   g   g 
(0.15) 15 + (0.05) 100 + (1 0.15 0.05) 1000 = 807.25 g/kWh
kWh kWh kWh
If the generation fleet is 100% coal, the total CO2 emission is 1000 g/kWh. So the ratio of
CO2 emission is
807.25 g/kWh
= 0.807
1000 g/kWh

5. The heat content needed to raise the temperature is

 
8.35 pounds
(25 gallon) (125 F 60 F) = 13568.8 BTU
gallon

To find the cost using natural gas, we need to convert BTU to therm,
 
1 therm
(13568.8 BTU) = 0.136 therm
100, 000 BTU

Also, we know that

1 kWh = 3412 BTU
So the energy needed expressed in kWh is
13568.8 BTU
= 3.98 kWh
3412 BTU/kWh

Using electricity, the cost will be

 
$0.0866
(3.98 kWh) = $0.34
kWh

Using natural gas, the cost will be

 
$0.74608
(0.135688 therm) = $0.10
therm

It is cheaper to use natural gas compared to electricity.