Implant Training in DAI-CHI industrial

cooling systems

The DAI-CHI industrial cooling systems specialise in the production of PROCESS

CHILLERS, PANEL AIR CONDITIONERS & the FILTRATION SYSTEMS.

DETAILS REGARDING THE PROCESS CHILLERS:

Process chillers in DAI-CHI are vapour compression refrigeration

systems capable of employing the R22 (CHClf2) refrigerant whose
ODP value is 0.05.

Generally, companies while placing an order for the process chillers

mention three important data which determine the capacity of the
chiller. They are Evaporator inlet temperature, outlet temperature,
and discharge in LPM.

Capacity of a chiller in kcal/hr is given by =>

C = temperature gradient*discharge in LPM*60

EVAPORATOR SELECTION:

HEAT EXCHANGERS are used for the purpose of facilitating PHASE

CHANGE i.e. from liquid form of refrigerant to vapour form involving
the removal of LATENT HEAT of vaporisation. It is in the evaporator
section where the REFRIGERATION EFFECT is caused.

PLATE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGERS-

It is used only when clean oil or water is available at the inlet. As it is

not possible to remove the contaminants (that settle down over a
period of time) here.

SHELL & TUBE heat exchangers:

They are capable of handling all type of fluids (regardless of the fluid
being clean or not).As the contaminants can be removed easily here.

COIL-IN-TANK heat exchangers:

Heating coil is immersed inside the tank containing cold water

initially for achieving the phase change with the subsequent
refrigeration effect.

Gasket Plate type heat exchanger:

This type is actually an improved form of plate heat exchanger.

Gaskets are provided and are attached with the plates here
rendering the plates to be removed easily for facilitating the removal
of contaminants.

INSULATION:

The thermal conductivity (k) of the insulating material being used

here is 0.04 W/mK. Essentially, the suction line of the refrigeration
system is insulated to prevent the conductive heat transfer.

COMPRESSOR EMPLOYED:

The selection of compressor plays a major role as the compressor is

the only component that accounts for nearly 30-40 % of electricity
consumption and the procurement cost.

Thus, keeping the energy consumption as criteria for the compressor

selection SCROLL compressors are preferred over the well known
Reciprocating compressors.

COMPARISION->

Scroll compressors are highly energy efficient as

compared to reciprocating.
 Scroll compressors involve the circular and translational
movement of the scroll against a stationary scroll for
achieving the compression. However, a reciprocating
compressor involves the sliding motion of the piston for
compression. Thus, wear and tear in scroll is quite less
owing to its circular motion against the stationary scroll.
Cost of scroll as well as reciprocating compressors are
same.
In fact, unlike the reciprocating compressors the scroll
compressors can handle even liquids as well.

Thus, it can be safely concluded that scroll compressors can prove to

be more economical than the reciprocating ones.

LIMITATIONS OF SCROLL COMPRESSORS:

Despite the above mentioned advantages scroll compressors do

have some limitations which are as follows->

Temperature less than 24 degree Celsius of the air is not

advisable for safe operation.
Rotation of the scroll at times gets reversed rendering it unfit
for operation.
Must not be switched on and off more than 9 times in an hour.

CONDENSERS:

Air cooled condensers are used here. Technically speaking, the air
cooled condensers are used to absorb the latent heat of
condensation released by the refrigerant thereby undergoing the
phase change. An air cooled condenser consists of condenser coil
equipped with the headers, copper tubes and the corrugated
aluminium fins.
FANS:

Fans are used for even distribution of the air over the aluminium fins
and the copper tubes. Fans are placed directly above the condensers
and their number depends on the size of the condenser which in turn
depends on the capacity of the refrigeration system.

THROTTLING DEVICES:

Throttling devices are used to expand the high pressure refrigerant

and are used to control the refrigerant flow before allowing it to pass
through the evaporator section. Again the selection purely depends
on the capacity of the refrigeration system. For 1-2 TR refrigeration
systems capillary tube is used as the throttling device. Whereas,
for greater TRs thermostatic expansion valves are used.

TUBES:

Copper tubes are generally used for these systems. Brazing is

employed for joining of copper tubes, filter dryers, etc.

FILTER DRYER:

As the name suggests, they are used to filter the dessicants (by
removing the dirt, moisture) and prevent the refrigerant from getting
freezed.