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.

(carbon nanotubes) .

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[1] .

1
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.
.
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) ( TC .
.
NbN
15
1973 23 .
. Nb3Ge

) ( J. George Bednorz and Kark Alex Muller 1986
La-Ba-Cu-O 30
IBM
.

Y-Ba-Cu-O
77 .
90 1987

2


.
Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O 110
Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O
125
.
1993 Hg-Ba-Ca-Cu-O 135
.

77

High Temperature Superconductors HTS
Low Temperature Superconductors
. LTS
.

1987 [2] .

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1-2 Phenomena of superconductivity :

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.

5
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.
.

.

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.

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.
.


.

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6
 1957 Bardeen,
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.

.

.

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.

5-2 High Tc superconductors :

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7

La2-xBaxCuO4
1986 Bednorz and 35
Muller
La2-xSrxCuO4
1987 M.Tarascon et.al. 38
(La: 214)
YBa2Cu3O7
1987 M.K.Wu et.al. 90
(Y: 123)
Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3
1988 M.Maeda et.al. O10 110
(Bi: 2223)
TI2Ba2Ca2Cu3
1989 Z.Z. Sheng et.al. O8 127
(TI: 2223)
HgBa2Ca2Cu3
1993 A. Shilling et.al. O8 134
(Hg: 1223)
(Hg:1223)
B.A. Hunter et.al.
1994 under 164
pressure
2001 J.Akimitsu et.al. Mg B2 39

: -3

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