Chng 4.

Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7

CHNG 4
GII THIU H THNG SIMATIC PCS 7

4.1 Cc thut ng c bn:

4.1.1 Truyn thng (communications):
Truyn thng ch s truyn d liu gia hai hoc nhiu thnh phn
truyn thng vi nhau, trong truyn thng ngi ta c th gi y l cng s
(communications partner). Trao i y c th l ly hoc gi thng tin, trng
thi, tn hiu
Qa trnh truyn thng c th xy ra nhiu ng truyn khc nahu nh:
cng truyn thng c tch hp cng vi CPU; b x l truyn thng ring cn
gi l CP (communications processor); ngoi ra ngi ta cn hay s dng t
Node thay th cho cc thnh phn ny. Xem v d hnh bn di:

Hnh 4.1 Cc thnh phn trong truyn thng

4.1.2 H thng truyn thng c d phng (Redundant Communication

System):
L h thng c d tr c th tng ln gp i i khi c th gp ba ln
ti mt s CPU, ngun cung cp cho h thng iu khin hoc mi trng
truyn thng (cc bus truyn).

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Cc c ch gim st v ng b ha s c m bo nu c mt thnh
phn b li th s c mt thnh phn khc thay th ngay (ty theo mc d
phng) m khng nht thit phi dng

a. D phng CPU v bus truyn b. D phng Server, CPU AC800 v cc bus

thng trong kt ni ca S7 400H truyn thng trong kt ni ca ABB
h thng x l, ch cn tch ra v
khc phc thnh phn b li sau y a h thng tr li hot ng nh qu trnh
ci t ban u (v d cc S7 400H ca Siemens hay AC800M ca ABB c c
ch ny).

Vic d phng ny cc cp khc nhau ty thuc vo mc quan

trng ca h thng, thc t ngi ta c th chia ra cc cp nh sau:
- d phng nng (Host Standby): thi gian chuyn mch < 10 ms.
- d phng m: 10 ms < thi gian chuyn mch < 100 ms.
- d phng lnh (ngui): d phng dng ny phi ngng h thng trong
khong thi gian ngn thay th thit b.
Truyn thng c tnh kh dng (sn sng) cao (High - Availability
communication)
S7 400H l v d minh ha trong kt ni truyn thng kiu ny. Truyn thng
ny mang li tin cy, tng nng sut trong sn xut, gim thi gian dng my
khi bo dng hai khc phc s c Ngc li gi thnh u t rt cao.
4.1.3 Cc nt (node) d tr:
Ngoi cc vn d phng v ngun (PS), CPU, bus, CP cn c d phng
v nt. Kiu d phng ny c thc hin trong nhng h thng c d phng
rt cao phc v cho vic thay th hoc nng cp. Khi s c nt mng no
th khng lm nh hng n cc nt khc trong mng.
4.1.4 Trm (Station):
Trm l mt thit b kt ni vo trong mt subnet no hay l s lin kt
gia cc subnet vi nhau (Gateway s dng PLC hoc PC), n phi c ring mt

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
a ch khi kt ni vo trong mng. V d trm y c th l: PC, PLC, PG, OP,
TD, CP
4.1.5 Mng con (subnet):
Subnet l ton b cc thnh phn vt l, chun, giao thc, dch v ng
nht thc hin mt kt ni thng nht phc v cho vic trao i v qun l
d liu.
Cc kt ni gia cc trm ni vo subnet khng i qua gateway. Mt
subnet c coi l mt mi trng truyn thng. V d nh subnet l: MPI,
Profibus, Ethernet, Modbus . . .
Mi subnet c mt subnetID duy nht.

Hnh 4.2 V d minh v cc subnet v cc lin kt gia chng

Hnh x.x c ba subnet (1 subnet MPI, 2 subnet Profibus DP), cc S7 400
lm nhim v iu khin v qun l hai subnet Profibus DP va lm nhim v
ca gateway lin kt ba subnet li vi nhau.
4.1.6 Mng (Network):
Mng bao gm mt hoc nhiu subnet (cng loi hoc khc loi) lin kt
li vi nhau. V d trn cc hnh 4.1, 4.2 gi l mng.
4.1.7 Gateway:
Gateway l thit b s dng kt ni cc subnet li vi nhau. N c th
lin kt cc subnet ging hoc khc nhau. Nh vy mng c nhiu hn mt
subnet th cn phi c gateway. V d nhng gateway sau y thng c s
dng:
- Modul E/P c s dng lin kt hai subnet khc nhau l Ethernet v
Profibus DP.

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
- Modul IM 157 s dng lin kt hai subnet khc nhau l Profibus DP v
Profibus PA.
- DP/AS-i Link s dng lin kt IM 157 s dng lin kt hai subnet khc
nhau l Profibus DP v AS-i.
- Gateway 3WN6 thit b s dng chuyn mch trong Profibus DP.
- ET 200U DP/FMS s dng lin kt hai subnet khc nhau l Profibus DP v
Profibus FMS.
Ngoi ra cc modul CP, PLC v PC i khi cng ng vai tr ca mt
gateway. Xem hnh v d bn di:

Hnh 4.3 Ln kt gia Profibus DP v Profibus PA s modul IM 157

4.1.8 B nh tuyn (Routing ):

Nhng gateway cn c thng tin xc nh ng i qua cc kt ni t
subnet ny sang cc subnet khc. Trong khung truyn y l mt bng ch ng
(routing table) xc nh a ch ch l cc cng s truyn thng
(communications partners). Chnh c ch ny ca n m ngi ta gi n l
routing (nh tuyn).
C hai loi routing l routing tnh v routing ng (routing thch nghi).
i vi cc routing tnh th cc thng tin trong bng (routing table) l khng i,
n lm nhim v ch dn i n cc subnet k. i vi routing ng th cc
tham s trong s thay i nu c s tham gia vo hoc ct bt cng s truyn
thng trong mng mt cch t ng. Tnh nng ny rt quan trng i vi mt s
nh my sn xut c tnh cht lin tc hn ch ti a thi gian v s ln dng h
thng, v d nh nh my thp; nh my in; nh my xi mng; nh my lc
du
4.1.9 Khch/ch (Client/server):
Khi nin v Khch/ch a ra nhm xc nh chc nng s dng hay
qun l d liu. Vic ny gip cho vic phn nh cng vic mt cch r rng, d
tch hp, bo dng v nng cp hn. Tng c hiu sut cng vic, gim gi
thnh tch hp v ti u ha thi gian thc thi cng vic, iu ny cng c ngha
l tnh nng thi gian thc (real-time) cng s c ci thin hn.

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Server:
Trch nhim ca Server l qun l, lu tr d liu, m bo cc dch v
truyn thng, cu trc v s lng kt ni. Nng cao tin cy trong h thng
(tnh kh dng).
Client:
Chc nng ch yu ca client l s dng thng tin, ngoi ra cn c x l
thng tin gim bt gnh nng cho Server (tnh nng ny l hu ht trong cc
mng TTCN). Gip cho Server d dng hn trong vic truy cp h thng m
khng cn phi phn b chi tit thi gian, d liu
4.1.10 Ch/t (Master/Slave):
Khi nim ch t thng rt hay gp khi tin hnh tch hp mng TTCN.
Chng ta c th lin tng n quan h gia Cleint/Server trn nhng khi
nim Master/Slave cp nh hn nhiu. V d trong kt ni gia PLC S7300
hoc S7 400 vi cc m un phn tn ET 200 thng qua subnet Profibus DP th
CPU ca PLC ng vai tr l Master cn cc m un phn tn ET 200 l cc
Slave.
4.2 Gii thiu cc phn mm thuc gi phn mm STEP 7:
Trc khi bt u vi phn mm ny chng ta i tng quan v gi phn
mm STEP 7. Trong c cc phn mm sau:
- Configure SIMATIC Workspace
- Converting S5 file
- LAD, STL, FBD - Programming S7 Blocks
- Memory Card Parameter Assignment
- PID Control Parameter Assignment
- S7 - GRAPH - Programming Sequential Control System
- S7 - DIAG - Configurating Proccess Diagnotics
- Setting the PG-PC Interface
- TI 405 - S7 Converting TI File
- TI 505 - S7 Converting TI File
- NetPro - Configuring Networks
4.2.1 Configure SIMATIC Workspace:
y, bn c th ci t SIMATIC STEP 7 Workstation chun b
cho qu trnh lm vic vi cc d n ca STEP 7 v cc STEP 7 Workatation
khc.
- Workstation c hai loi:
+ Single Terminal: vi ci t ny, bn ch lm vic c trn duy nht
mt d n STEP 7.
+ Multi - Terminal System: vi vic ci t ny, nhng d n ca bn c
th c son tho t tp hp nhiu Workstation khc nhau. D nn
thng thng nm trn File ca Server hoc trn mt nhm Workstation.
Tt c cc station trong nhm (workgroup) c th truy cp vo n.
- Chun giao thc c s dng thit lp mt h thng vi Multi - terminal,
cc chun giao thc ny l ngn ng chung chung truyn thng gia cc
Workstation vi nhau. Cc ci t vi chun giao thc nn tun theo tiu chun

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
chung thng nht ca quc t. C cc chun sau y c thit lp cho h thng
mng ca bn thng qua phn mm ny:
+ NetBIOS
+ IPX/SPX
+ TCP/IP (vi ci t ny s c mt cu hnh TCP/IP cho Multi - User
c thit lp)
- Trong h thng Multi - User (hay Multi - terminal) bao gm cc thnh phn
chnh l DB server v DP client.
+ DB server: ch s dng a ch host
Khi thit lp a ch cho DB server, phn mm mc nh cho
nn bn khng cn phi to ra a ch mi hoc l a thm a ch no
na. DB server s s dng tt c cc a ch IP tin li ny.
Nu nhiu hn mt mng c thit lp, bn c th a a ch
host cho nhng mng v lc cc DB server nn lm vic c lp.
+ V d cho truyn d liu vi khong cch di (long - distance):
Nu DB server hot ng trong mng vi khong cch di, u tin
bn phi dng DB server trc khi thc hin vic kt ni v l bn
m bo rng cc kt ni phi m bo tun theo chun giao thc TCP/IP.
Tt nht l cc a ch m bn n nh trong mng nn qun l trn
mt file no tin cho vic qun l trnh s nhm ln v trng lp.
Bn nn lu n chc nng default setting ca phn mm trong qu
trnh nh a ch cho cc DB client.

Hnh 4.4 Thit lp a ch host cho DB server

Cu trc IP xem thm trang 20 trong gio trnh thit k v xy dng
mng LAN v WAN.
- Cu hnh ca Multi - User trong mng:
Vi STEP 7, bn c th lm vic trong mi trng Windows 2000/XP v
NT/2000 server. Tng ng vi mi Workstation bn c th lm vic tng ng
vi cc Project nhng dng sau:

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
+ Project trn mt Workstation no cng co th c s dng bi cc
Workstation khc. Xem v d hnh 4.5, Workstation 1 v Workstation
2 truy cp vo Project A trn Workstation 1.
+ Cc Workstation khc v th truy cp vo Project trn server. Xem v d
hnh 4.5, Workstation 1 v Workstation 2 c th truy cp vo Project C
trn server ca mng .
+ Cc Project l c phn b ti cc Workstation hay server trong mng
c mt hoc nhiu hn mt server. Xem v d hnh 4.5, Workstation 1
v Workstation 2 c th truy cp vo cc Project A, B, C.

Hnh 4.5 Nhm server chy trn h iu hnh Window NT

4.2.2 Converting S5 file:
Phn mm ny c chc nng chuyn i cc File c son tho trn
STEP 5 (th h c) sang dng File khc m File hon ton c th son tho li
v c th lm vic c trong mi trng STEP 7.
Vi mt nhng thao tc n gin l:
- Khi ng phn mm Converting S5 file
- Vo File/Open
- Chn File S5 m bn mun chuyn i
4.2.3 LAD, STL, FBD - Programming S7 Blocks:
Trn phn mm ny chng ta c th to lp cc Project cho PLC S7 - 300
hoc S7 - 400 bng mt trong 3 ngn ng LAD, STL, FBD. Ngoi ra chng c
th khi ng phn mm ny t SIMATIC Manager.
4.2.4 Memory Card Parameter Assignment:
y bn c th ch nh c giao din m thit b lp ca bn c th s
dng lu tr chng trnh ngi s dng trn card nh cho PLC thuc S7.
4.2.5 PID Control Parameter Assignment:
Trn phn mm ny gip chng ta thit lp cc qu trnh iu khin vng
kn cn gi l PID cho cc ng dng iu khin n nh. Vic thit lp chng
trnh ny da vo hai khi:
+ OB41 c chc nng iu khin lin tc (continuou)
+ OB42 c chc nng iu khin mc (step)
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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
4.2.6 S7 - GRAPH - Programming Sequential Control System
Phn mm ny ng dng cho cc chng trnh m c gii thut (thut
ton) di dng tun t (Sequential) vit di dng graph m chng ta thng
hay gi l ngn ng grafcet (tham kho chng 1 thuc gio trnh iu khin
Logic). N l mt dng ngn ng lp trnh tin li bn cnh 3 ngn ng lp trnh
c bn cho PLC S7 m chng ta thng hay gp. Tin li ch l chng trnh
ngn gn, hon ton bng ha, c th chuyn mt cch d dng tng ng t
dng lu thut ton
V d v vic quan st trng thi tn hiu ca cc a ch thuc vng nh
vo, ra v cc bit nh cc vng khc:

Hnh 4.6 M t bc chuyn trng thi ca chng trnh trn GRAPH

Trong bc trn, trng thi ca tn hiu trong qu trnh hot ng ca

chng trnh l c hin th. Trng thi ca tn hiu tng ng vi cc a ch
(vo, ra v cc a ch nh khc) l c xc nh ti v tr nhng du chm hi
(???) ca cc hot ng mt cch ring l. iu ny c ngha l khng hon ton
cc hot ng ca cc bc l c hin th. c bit cc a ch dng Boolean l
c hin th trong trng thi ny. Gi tr cc a ch khc c hin th chi tit
trong ca s ca bng a ch. Nu c kha lin ng c gi th kha y
khng hin th trng thi. Bn di l mt v d m t vic lp trnh tun th
thng qua ngn ng lp trnh Graph ny. Phn ny s c trnh by k hn
trong cc chuyn iu khin cc qu trnh cng ngh!

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7

4.2.7 S7 - DIAG - Configurating Proccess Diagnotics

S7 PDIAG c s dng to ra nhng nh ngha li, to cho ngi s
dng tin li trong qu trnh gim st h thng. Qa trnh chun on ny s xc
nh kiu thng tin v li, v tr li v cc cnh bo ca li. Nhng d liu ca
chun on l thng tin quan trng gip cho vic x l s c. Nhng thun li
m chng trnh ny mang li:
- Li qu trnh (Process errors) c th c nhn ra r rng v nhanh
chng.
- Gim bt thi gian dng h thng do li do s tng c nng sut.
- Nhng thhng tin r rng c to ra cho qu trnh x l s c
(troubleshooting) lm cho qu trnh x l s tr nn d dng hn.
- Tui th ca h thng c tng ln ng k.
4.2.8 Setting the PG-PC Interface
Bt c my tnh no tham gia vo mng i hi phi c mt giao din
mng c thit lp. Phn mm ny s gip ngi s dng to ra nhng giao
din thc hin cc kt ni tng ng vo cc mng khc nhau nh (PPI, MPI,
PROFIBUS, ETHERNET).
4.2.9 TI 405 - S7 Converting TI File
Chng trnh TISOFT405 c lu tr mt hoc nhiu file. Nhng file

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
ny c nh dng trong mt th vin ca DOS. Chng khng phi l nhng
file vn bn. Vic lu tr NAME ca chng trnh TISOFT405 l c lin kt
vi mt file NAME.VPU. Nhng file khc nh l NAME.CMT cng c lin
kt vi chng trnh NAME.
Qa trnh chuyn i i hi phi c thng tin t cc file lin kt v to
ra nhng file text tng ng vi nhng lnh ca STEP 7. Nh vy u ra ca
cc file text l u vo ca STEP 7 Program Editor. Ban u sau khi chuyn,
chng trnh ny dng statementlist, sau chng ta c th chuyn sang dng
LAD hoc FBD nu c th.
Nh vy chng trnh ny ch c ngha khi cc bn mun chuyn file
c thit lp trn nhng PLC qu c ti cc nh my m s dng thit b ca
hng Siemens (c th xem nh l i STEP 4) sang ngn ng lp trnh STEP 7
c th thao tc trc tip nh: thay i a ch, nng cp chng trnh hay nng
cp CPU
4.2.10 TI 505 - S7 Converting TI File
Chng trnh ny cng c mc ch ging nh chng trnh c trnh
by mc 4.2.1.9 nhng i vi i STEP 5.
4.2.11 NetPro - Configuring Networks
Chng trnh ny l chng trnh quan trng nht trong tt c cc chng
trnh c nu ra trn y. N gip cho chng ta c th thit lp cu hnh ca
mng truyn thng (SCADA hoc DCS) s dng cc th vin thit b v chun
giao thc c xy dng sn trn . Phn ny s trnh by k trong chng
5.
4.3 M hnh h thng PCS 7:
C th ni PCS 7 l mt trit l v mt h thng iu khin, n to ra
nhng ng dng cho b iu khin logic lp trnh c (PLC), ng dng cho h
thng x l qu trnh. N l h c bn ca SIMATIC S7.
PCS 7 l mt h thng chun v cu trc do c th xy dng mt h
thng c gii php t ng cp thp, trung bnh hoc cp cao. T cp n gin
n cp phc tp nht m cc nh my yu cu. Ni chung PCS 7 l h thng t
ng ha qu trnh mm do, cung cp gii php mt cch ty chn cho ngi s
dng.
iu ny s mang li nhng u im ni bt nh:
- Cng mt phn cng s dng trong nh my v PLC v iu khin qu
trnh.
- SIMATIC 7 cp n s kt hp to nn mt h thng T ng ha
din rng.
- S phn b ca h SIMATIC 7 trn ton th gii l mt minh chng cho
vic lp t, dch v v bo dng ca n.
- Tnh an ton cao v ng b.

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7

Hnh 4.7 M hnh mu ca h thng PCS 7

4.3.1 Trm Engineering System (ES):

T trm ES ny, ngi s dng c th thit lp, thay i cc thng s ca
cc trm c kt ni vo trong mng. Thng trong cc nh my c trung bnh
v ln u c cc trm ES ny. Ngoi nhng chc nng trn, trm ES cn c th
chy cc gi phn mm cu thnh nn trm OS.
SIMATIC PCS 7 cung cp mt gii php ES ton din cho vic thit lp
cu hnh cho ti gim st h thng PCS, h tr cho vic x l cc d n nh my
v mng din rng.

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7

Hnh 4.8 Gii hn m trm ES c th qun l c

4.3.2 H thng giao din vn hnh OS (Operator Interface System):
Trong h thng PCS 7, giao din vn hnh hay cn gi l HMI (Human
Mechain Interface) c bn l trn WinCC (Windows Control Center). H thng
c nhng kiu sau:
- Stand-alone-system
- Multi-user-system

Hnh 4.9 M hnh kt ni ca h thng Stand-alone v Multi-user

Stand-alone-system:

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
H thng Stand-alone l h thng mt knh, h thng c kt ni ti
h thng bus thng qua m un giao din CP. Nu trng hp nhiu hn mt
knh c yu cu, th vi h thng Stand-alone c cung cp, y l s kt ni
mm do trn cng mt h thng bus m mi trm OS lm vic cho chnh n,
iu ny c ngha l khng c s loi tr ln nhau gia cc OS Stand-alone.

Hnh 4.10 Kt ni gia hai OS Stand-alone trn cng h thng bus

Multi-user-system:
H thng Multi-user bao gm vi OS client, iu c ngha l d liu s
c cung cp t mt OS server thng qua terminal bus (bus u cui). Bus ny
l bus Ethernet, n c lp vi bus h thng v c s dng ring bit cho
nhng kiu truyn thng sau:

Hnh 4.11 Cu hnh ca h thng Multi-user

- OS server OS client

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
- OS server Engineering system
- OS server Host computer
OS server chu trch nhim trao i d liu gia PLC vi cc OS client,
ng thi c nhim v lu tr phn chia nhim v, mc truy cp
H thng Multi-user l cu hnh c bn ca client-server. Da theo
nguyn tc cu hnh ca client-server, OS ca PCS 7 c th c cu hnh theo
cc nguyn tc sau:
- Client hoc
- Multiclient
l ty thuc vo yu cu.
Kin trc Client-Server: l kin trc c cu thnh bi vi OS client trn
mt OS server. Server chu trch nhim tryun thng vi cc PLC thng qua
bus h thng. Mt OS server ca h thng PCS 7 c th cung cp ti 16 OS
client. Server ny cng c th c cu hnh theo h d phng (redundant).
Kin trc Server - Multi-Client: Multi-client l nhng client c th truy cp
d liu (d liu d n, gi tr ca cc bin qu trnh hay nht k vn hnh) ng
thi ca vi OS server khc nhau. Ngoi ra cng cn c th cu hnh theo d liu
cc b (c ngha l ch cung cp c cho vi OS client nht nh). Cc Server
ny cng c th c cu hnh theo h d phng (redundant).
H thng phn tn (Distributed System): Kin trc multi-client cng c th
to ra mt h thng phn tn trn cc server, ngha l nhim v ca cc server c
th m nhim theo tng cng on ca nh my (trong trng hp i vi
nhng nh my ln). H thng phn tn ny tng xng vi h thng cp bc
trong cu hnh PLC. iu thun li ca h thng phn tn l mi cng on ca
nh my c hot ng c lp, kt qu l n to nn nhng h thng c tc v
iu khin ln v phc tp hn nhiu so vi cc h thng thng thng (v d
nh nh my lc ha du, xi mng). PCS 7 h tr multi-client truy cp ln ti
6 server, trong mt server c th m nhim ti 16 client hoc multi-client.
Nhng stand-alone v multi-client c th s dng cng vi nhau.

Phn mm iu khin qu trnh trn cc OS:

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Phn mm iu khin qu trnh c to ra bng cch s dng WinCC.
Phn mm ny cung cp cc chc nng cho nhng tc v iu khin qu trnh
hon ho. iu ny s tit kim rt nhiu thi gian cho cc k s h thng.

Hnh 4.12 Mn hnh giao din trn OS client thng qua WinCC

4.3.3 Bus h thng s dng vi PCS 7:

H thng iu khin qu trnh PCS 7 SIMATIC s dng cc mng truyn
thng cng nghip SIMATIC NET. Tt c cc sn phm SIMATIC NET v
ang c pht trin mt cch c bit cho cc ngnh cng nghip. Chng
c chng minh nhng kh nng c bit ca mnh di tc ng ca in t
trng, s xm hi ca cht lng v p sut, mi trng nhim, cht ha hc ...
Nhng bus h thng t h gia nh SIMATIC NETWORK vi h thng
iu khin qu trnh PCS 7:.
- Fast Industrial Ethernet
- Industrial Ethernet (SINEC H1)
- PROFIBUS (FMS)
- PROFIBUS-DP
- PROFIBUS-PA
- AS-Interface
H thng cc bus ny da trn c s truyn thng tin bng tn hiu in v
quang, Nhng mi trng sau y c s dng vi PCS 7:
- Cp i dy vn xon ITP (Industrial Twisted Pair)
- Cp ng trc (Triaxial/coaxial cable)_Ch s dng cho Ethernet
10Mbps
- Cp quang (Fiber-optic cable)

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Bus h thng c xem nh ng xng sng ca h thng iu khin
qu trnh (v n kt ni tt tt c cc thnh phn nh PLC, ES, OS). Cc bus h
thng ni bc:
- Fast Industrial
- Industrial Ethernet
- PROFIBUS
S thay i kiu bus, kin trc, mi trng c h tr mt cch mm
do. Cc thng s c bn trn cc h thng bus ny:
- S trm kt ni t hai n vi trm trm
- Khong cch t 50 m n 150 km
- Tc t 1.5 Mbps n 100 Mbps
- Chu c nhiu in t v ting n
- C th kt ni theo h d phng (redundancy)
Industrial Ethernet:
Industrial Ethernet (SINEC H1) l bus h thng d kin cho SIMATIC
PCS 7. Industrial Ethernet da theo chun IEEE 802.3. Vi tc truyn d liu
ln ti 10 Mbps vi vi trm trm c th c kt ni vo bus ny.
Bus Industrial Ethernet c th c kt ni vi cc thnh phn ca h
thng PCS 7 nh sau:
- Cc PLC (thng qua m un giao din truyn thng CP 343-1 i vi S7
300 hoc CP 443-1 i vi S7 400)
- OS Server, stand-alone OS, ES, client thng qua giao din l card mng
CP 1613
M un OLM (Optical Link Module):
OLM rt thun li trong cu hnh mng Ethernet cng nghip. N cho
php bn kt ni kin trc mng mt cch mm do thng qua 3 kt ni i dy
vn xon ITP (industrial twisted pair) v hai kt ni cp quang (fiber-optic
cable). Thng qua b OLM ny bn c th to ra cc kt ni d phng nng
cao an ton ca h thng thng qua cc kt ni in hoc quang, sau y l

Hnh 4.13 Kt ni s dng m un OLM trong h thng redundant Ethernet

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
mt v d:
Ngoi Ethernet ra cn c Fast Ethernet, trong bus ny tc truyn d
liu c th thay i t 10 Mbps n 100 Mbps. Phng thc truy cp mng theo
CSMA/CD v s trm kt ni vo bus ny l khng gii hn. Cc mi trng
truyn thng i vi bus ny c bn ging nh Ethernet
Cng ngh chuyn mch vi OSM (Optical Switch Modules):
Cu hnh chnh ca mng Fast Ethernet c bn da trn mi trng quang
hc. OSM cho php bn cu hnh cho mng Ethernet cng nghip vi cng ngh
chuyn mch trong mi trng ITP (tc truyn ln n 10 Mbps) v trong mi
trng quang hc (tc ln ti 100 Mbps). Vic s dng OSM lm n gin v
thun tin trong vn cu hnh mng m rng. Trong cng mt khong thi
gian bn c th b sung mt s lng ln cc mng vi nhiu trm m khng gp
phi vn kh khn no. Mt OSM c 6 terminal cho cp i dy vn xon v
2 terminal cho cp quang (OSM m t y vi version 2, cn cc version tip
theo bn c c th tra cu thm khi s dng n).

Hnh 4.14 M t kt ni s dng m un OSM trong h thng redundant Ethernet

Chng ta c th phi hp gia m un OLM vi m un OSM trong h

thng d phng dng vng vi nhiu cp bc, di y l v d v s phi hp
ny:

Nguyn Kim Anh & Nguyn Manh Ha - T ng hoa - BKN 60

Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7

Hnh 4.15 H thng cp bc c s phi hp gia OLM v OSM

Nguyn Kim Anh & Nguyn Manh Ha - T ng hoa - BKN 61

Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7

Frofibus:
S dng bus Frofibus lm bus h thng cho nhng ng dng c cp t
nh n trung bnh vi yu cu cht lng iu khin kh cao. Vic s dng
Frofibus lm bus h thng bn c th kt ni ti 9 nt/trm ti PCS 7.
Tc truyn d liu trong bus ny t 9.6 kbps n 1.5 Mbps, chun giao
thc s dng trn bus Profibus l FMS
Tt c cc thnh phn ca PCS 7 u c th c kt ni ti bus h thng
Profibus da trn cc phng thc sau:
- Trung tm iu khin logic lp trnh c (PLCs) thng qua m un
giao din CP 343-3 (i vi S7 300) v CP 443-5 i vi S7 400
- OS v ES thng qua card giao din CP 5412 A2
Mi trng truyn thng:
- i dy vn xon
- Cp quang (c s kt hp vi m un OLM)
tng tin cy cho h thng, kt ni redundant cng c th c thc
hin trong bus ny.
4.3.4 Kt ni bus trng (Field Bus) trong h thng PCS 7:
Nhu cu v s trao i d liu gia cc thit b iu khin logic kh trnh
vi cc thit b vo/ra phn tn cng nh cc thit b trng thng minh l rt
ln, h thng cc bus trng lm gim thi gian v phc tp cho cc k s
h thng trong qu trnh lp t, bo dng v khc phc s c. N rt thun li
trong truyn thng s cng nh mang n cc gii php cao cho vic o lng
cc gi tr, nng lc chun on h thng, n nh cc gi tr t xa. C cc bus
trng sau:
- Profibus-DP
- Profibus-PA
- AS-Interface
- HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer)

Hnh 4.16 Kt ni h thng cc bus trng trong PCS 7

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Bn c th la chn bus trng mt cch mm do ty theo yu cu ng
dng ca bn. Vi Profibus-PA c to ra phc v cho nhng ni c mi
trng nguy him (nhit v p sut cao).
Profibus-DP:
Trong h thng PCS 7, Profibus-DP c tiu chun ha s dng cho
kt ni ti cc m un phn tn, l m un ET 200M cng nh cc thit b
trng. Profibus-DP cho php bn kt ni ti 32 trm trn mt ng DP (DP-
line), vi tc tuyn ln n 12 Mbps.
Trong mt s PLC S7 300, S7 400 c tch hp giao din Profibus-
DP, cc PLC cn li mun kt ni ti Profibus-DP phi thng qua cc m un
giao din CP (v d nh: CP 343-5, CP443-5).
PCS 7 h tr ti a ti 9 DP-line trn b iu khin trung tm (S7 400).
Mi trng truyn c th l i dy vn xon hoc l cp quang.
Bn c th cu hnh h thng redundant cho Profibus-DP thng qua PLC
S7-417H.

Hnh 4.17 Kt ni redundant trong Profibus-DP

M un phn tn ET 200M:
Ni v h thng cc bus trng khng th khng ni ti vai tr rt quan
trng trong vn iu khin th thng cc thit b trng thng qua m un
phn tn ET 200M.
Trong sut qu trnh vn hnh, cc thit b cp trng hoc cc m un
phn tn c cung cp d liu. Chnh nhng thit b ny lm gim ng k
cc khi d liu truyn thng gia thit b trng, m un phn tn vi cc b
iu khin PLC.
Trong qu trnh cu hnh thit b trng, cc khi c thay th d dng
nh vo cc khi chc nng dnh ring CFC /FSC chart. Nhng khi ny c
cung cp bi th vin cc khi thit b trng (Field Device Blocks) ca PCS 7.
Cc thit b trng ny c qun l bi phn mm qun l thit b trng
(Process Device Manager software) c tch hp cho ES.
Kt ni redundant i vi ET 200M:

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Trong nh my yu cu cu trc d phng (redundant) th h thng cc
m un vo/ra phn tn ET 200M c s dng cho mc ch ny thng qua bus
Profibus-DP. Bn s dng m un giao din IM 153 vi nng lc d phng ghp
ni vi ET 200M thc hin kt ni ti PLC S7 417H thng qua 2 ng bus
Profibus-DP. Nu mt ng b li th h thng s t ng chuyn mch sang
ng cn li (nu ng ny vn cn nguyn vn) thay th.
Profibus-PA:
Profibus-PA l chun giao thc IEC 1158-2 truyn thng m rng tng thch
vi Profibus-DP. Bng cng ngh truyn dn c bit n c th lm vic trong
nhng vng c mi trng nguy him (Siemens quy c vng ny l vng 1).
Vi Profibus-PA, b pht v c cu chp hnh trong vng nguy him c th
truyn thng vi cc thit b iu khin nh PLC khong cch xa. Thng tin v
ngun cung cp c truyn i bng 2 dy cp, thng thng l cp ITP.
Bn c th kt ni ti 30 thit b trng i vi vng khng nguy him v
10 thit b trng i vi ngun nguy him trn mt on (segment) bus
Profibus-PA.. Tc truyn d liu 31.25 kbps.
C hai cch kt ni Profibus-PA vi Profibus-DP:
- DP/PA coupler
- DP/PA link
Phng php cu hnh vi DP/PA Coupler:
DP/PA Coupler khng c a ch (c ngha l bn khng cn phi thit lp
a ch cho n khi cu hnh h thng). Mi trm PA c xem l mt DP slave v
do n nhn mt a ch trong cu hnh ca bus DP. Tc truyn ca
Profibus-DP phi tng thch vi Profibus-PA.
Phng php cu hnh vi DP/PA link:
DP/PA link bao gm m un u cui IM 157 v mt hay nhiu DP/PA
coupler. DP/PA link l mt DP slave v do phi c a ch bus cho n. Bn c
th kt ni ti 5 DP/PA coupler ti mt DP/PA link. Do DP/PA link c b
sung cng ngh truyn dn decoupling gia DP v PA do no nng tc
truyn dn ln ti 12 Mbps trn Profibus-DP.
Kt ni redundant vi Profibus-PA:
Bn c th cu hnh redundant cho vic truyn dn gia Profibus-DP ti

Hnh 4.18 Kt ni gia DP v PA thng qua DP/PA link v DP/PA Coupler

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Profibus-PA., trong DP/PA link c nng lc redundant l c kt ni ti h
thng Profibus-DP master.
AS-Interface (Actuator/Sensor):
AS-i l mt mng cho cm bin v c cu chp hnh trong gii hn cp
trng thp nht. ng dng chnh ca bus AS-i l truyn mt lng nh thng
tin nh l mt b chuyn mch. Mi AS-i slave c th truyn thng mt lng 4
bit.
Kt ni AS-i vi h thng PCS 7 theo nguyn tc master-slave, cm bin
v c cu chp hnh ng vai tr nh l cc slave c iu khin bi master.
i vi PCS 7, cc thnh phn sau y c s dng kt ni AS-i:
- AS-Interface CP 342 master cho ET 200M
- DP/AS interface link cho kt ni gia AS-i vi Profibus-DP. M un x
l truyn thng CP 342-2 l m un master ca AS-i.

Hnh 4.19 M hnh kt ni AS-i master vi cm bin v c cu ChP hnh

M un CP 342-2 ng vai tr l master ca AS-i:
c s dng kt ni AS-i vi m un ET 200M. Truyn thng ny
khng cn phi cu hnh trong phn mm cu hnh h thng v dy ni khng i
hi phi c nh. Nhng c tnh ny lm cho chng ta d dng khi thay i m
un.
M un CP 342-2 chim mt slot trn rack lp t cho m un phn tn ET
200M. Chng ta c th a vo ti a l 4 m un CP 342-2 vo trong mi m
un ET 200M.
DP/AS-i Link:
c s dng kt ni trc tip AS-i vi Profibus-DP. Trong trng
hp ny b c th xem AS-i nh l nt subnet ca Profibus-DP. Bn c th kt
ni ti a 31 AS-i slave vo b DP/AS-Interface link. Chnh v c im ny
Profibus-DP master c ti 31 m un slave.

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
4.3.5 B iu khin logic kh trnh (PLC):
Trong h thng SIMATIC PCS 7, S7-400 lm nn tn tiu biu cho h
thng t ng ha qu trnh trong cc nh my. c thit k chun v kh nng
cu hnh cng nh kh nng x l l sc mnh ca S7-400, kh nng truyn
thng vi mt lng ln vi cc i tc, chc nng tch hp h thng. Kh nng
iu khin cc b v t xa rt thch hp vi h thng SIMATIC PCS 7.
SIMATIC PCS7 c cu trc chun t mt s thnh phn ca PLC
SIMATIC S7-400. Nhng CPU thch hp c cung cp cho nhng ng dng
khc nhau da vo yu cu v gi thnh v nhng tin ch ca n nh:
- CPU-414-3
- CPU-414-3H
- CPU-416-2
- CPU-416-3
- CPU-417-4
- CPU-417-4H
PLC S7-414 c thit k tng ng cho nhng ng dng nh tng ng
vi kh nng v d liu ca d n cp nh. PLC S7-416 c thit k tng
ng cho nhng ng dng trung bnh tng ng vi kh nng v d liu ca d n
cp trung bnh. PLC S7-417, m nhn nhng tin ch cp cao nht ca
d n, n c thit k c bit cho nhng d n c mc yu cu v tc ,
tin ch kt ni cng nh lng d liu rt cao ca d n.
Ngoi ra bn cng c th a cc S7-300 vo trong h thng PCS 7 nhng
vi nhng cp thp hn cho nhng h thng iu khin cp thp.
Cu hnh cho b iu khin trung tm S7-400:
- B iu khin trung gm c nhng thnh phn sau:
- Rack cho S7-400 vi 9 hoc 18 slot (tng ng vi 9 hoc 18 m un
thnh phn c lp t vo v tr ny)
- Mt CPU
- Ngun cung cp c hai loi: 24 VDC hoc 115/230 VAC
- B nh: 768 Kbyte/1600 Kbyte/3200 Kbyte/4000 Kbyte
- SRAM: 1 Mbyte/2 Mbyte/4 Mbyte
- License gii hn thi gian cho PCS 7 (Nhng khi Driver cho PCS 7)

Hnh 4.20 Kt ni Profibus-DP ti thnh phn trung

tm

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Chng 4. Gii thiu h thng SIMATIC PCS 7
Mt s m un CP 443 c yu cu cho kt ni t thnh phn trung tm
ti h thng (c th l kt ni cho Ethernet hay Profibus). Thng thng bn kt
ni trung tm vi cc m un phn tn thng qua Profibus-DP, do cn phi
a m un CP vo cc rack trung tm. Bn c th a t 4 n 10 m un CP
443-5 vo rack trung tm to ra t 4 n 10 giao din Profibus-DP tng ng.
Xem hnh bn di:
Ngoi cc m un cho ng dng truyn thng bn cn c th a thm
cc m un tn hiu, m un chc nng vo cc v tr cn li ca rack trung
tm cng nh rack m rng ca S7-400. Xem hnh bn di:

Hnh 4.21 Cu hnh ca rack trung tm

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