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A Magnetic Model of Matter - Schwinger PDF
A Magnetic Model of Matter - Schwinger PDF
least with regard to statistics, which The unit of pure magnetic charge has
g/e=tan 0 must be Fermi-Dirac if baryons are a magnitude given by
Then the integer in any charge-quanti- to be built from them. It would not do
to have only one value of magnetic g2/hc 36(137)
zation condition vanishes, and no fur-
ther restrictions appear. Of course, as charge, for then magnetically neutral We come now to a very important
the use of the angle 0 signals, this situa- composites could be produced in only question. What name shall we give to
tion is just a charge-rotated version of one way, namely, by the combination the fundamental dual-charged particle
pure electric charges, where no charge of particle and antiparticle. That would (6)? The particle ending -on is obliga-
quantization exists. But it emphasizes only manufacture mesons. But it is tory. As evidenced by the use of the
the weakening of charge quantization enough to have just two different values provisional phrase "dual-charged par-
that the consideration of dual-charged of magnetic charge, which we take to ticle," the basic aspect that should be
particles entails. Suppose there are two be 2go and - go. Now a magnetically commemorated in the name is the du-
kinds of dual-charged particles with a neutral composite is also formed from alistic or dyadic character of the charge
common magnetic charge go, but dif- three constituents, of magnetic charges that the particle bears. There are vari-
ferent electric charges, el and e2. The 2go,-go,-go, and this is a Fermi- ous short Greek and Latin combining
charge quantization condition is Dirac particle. It is satisfactory that forms that could be applied: bi-, di-,
this pattern of magnetic charge is un- duo-, dyo-, as well as longer words such
(ei-e2) go/hc = 2n symmetrical, in contrast with the meson as dyadikos-, of two. Dyadikon surely
22 AUGUST 1969 759
has a ring to it. But being mindful that This formula can be compared with Charge Exchange
mesotron became shortened to meson, empirical meson mass spectra (7).
I believe that dyon is a better choice. Simple but accurate representations of Are other known phenomena omitted
The symbol D will not often lead to the mass splittings within the known in this dynamical scheme? Although
confusion with deuterium, particularly families of 9 = 3 X 3 particles enable conventional electromagnetic and strong
if we add labels that indicate the elec- one to remove this mass structure, and interactions have been given a general-
tric and magnetic charges, for which the resulting squared masses are pro- ized electromagnetic interpretation,
we use e and g as units. Thus FD portional to an integer with actual there is no reference to the so-called
is the dyon with electric charge -3e values of 0, 1, 2, or 3. The scale is weak interactions. This type of inter-
=-eo and magnetic charge 2/3g- 2go. supplied by the mass of the p-meson, action can be viewed as a mechanism
What is the mass of a dyon? Let which gives the identification of electric-charge exchange among
us be clear about this; any estimate is members of the same particle family,
sheer guesswork. We do not have the (2MD)2 = 1/2 nompo_ including the lepton family (L) of
wit to connect the known properties of The specific value of no noted above electron, muon, and neutrino. It is pos-
the composites-hadrons-with the un- refers to the individual magnetic charge sible, but not necessary, to regard this
known properties of the constituents- magnitude g0. If 2go were considered, charge exchange as proceeding through
dyons.The interaction strength far sur- no would be four times larger. We the intermediary of an unknown, heavy,
passes anything for which such skill shall use a weighted mean of these charged boson, as has been proposed
exists. But a beginning must be made. values, which effectively equates no to several times under different names.
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