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    Cavitation modeling by Ansys

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    132 views24 pages

    Cavitation Modeling by Ansys Fluent

    Uploaded by

    IrvingLopez
    Cavitation modeling by Ansys

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Tutorial 19. Modeling Cavitation Introduction ‘This tutorial examines the pressure-driven cavitating flow of water through a sharp- edged orifice. This is a typical configuration in fuel injectors, and brings a challenge to the physics and numerics of cavitation models, because of the high pressure differentials involved and the high ratio of liquid to vapor density. Using the multiphase modeling capability of ANSYS FLUENT, you will be able to predict the strong cavitation near the orifice after flow separation at a sharp edge This tutorial demonstrates how to do the following: © Set boundary conditions for internal flow. * Use the mixture model with cavitation effects. * Calculate a solution using the pressure-based coupled solver Prerequisites ‘This tutorial is written with the assumption that you have completed Tutorial 1, and ‘that you are familiar with the ANSYS FLUENT navigation pane and menu structure Some stops in the sotup and solution procedure will not be shown explicitly. Problem Description ‘The problem considers the cavitation caused by the flow separation after a sharp-edged orifice. The flow is pressure driven, with an inlet pressure of 5 x 10° Pa and an outlet pressure of 9.5 x 10* Pa. The orifice diameter is 4 x 10-* m, and the geometrical parameters of the orifice are D/d = 2.88 and L/r = 8, where D, d, and L are the inlet diameter, orifice diameter, and orifice length respectively. The geometry of the orifice is shown in Figure 19.1 194 Modeling Cavitation Flow —> oz \ axis —pressure inlet = 5€5 Pa Figure 19.1: Problem Schematie Setup and Solution Preparation 1, Download cavitation.zip from the User Services Center to your working folder (as described in Tutorial 1) 2. Unzip cavitation.zip. The file cav.msh can be found in the cavitation folder created after unzipping the file. 3. Use FLUENT Launcher to start the 2D version of ANSYS FLUENT. For more information about FLUENT Launcher, see Section 1.1.2 in the separate User's Guide. 4. Enable Double Precision Note: The Display Options are enabled by default. Therefore, after you read in the mesh, it will be displayed in the embedded graphics window. Step 1: Mesh 1. Read the mesh file cav.msh. [File] [Read ]—>Mesh. As ANSYS FLUENT reads the mesh file, it will report the progress in the console You can disregard the warnings about the use of aris boundary conditions, as you will make the appropriate change to the solver settings in the next step. 19-2 Helabe 120 @ ANSYS, le, March 12,2009 Modeling Cavitation Step 2: General Settings ° fm 1, Check the mesh. ANSYS FLUENT will perform various checks on the mesh and will report the progress in the console, Ensure thal the reported minimum volume ts a posilive number 2. Check the mesh scale. ° Sale) ‘hom ome a ae vene9 [gv a entenghontin (a) Retain the default settings (b) Close the Scale Mesh dialog box 3, Examine the mesh (Figure 19.2) a Figure 19.2: The Mesh in the Orifice 19-3 Modeling Cavitation As seen in Figure 19.2, half of the problem geometry is modeled, with an axis boundary (consisting of two separate lines) at the centerline. The quadrilateral mesh is slightly graded in the plenum to be finer toward the orifice. In the orifice, the mesh is uniform with aspect ratios close to 1, as the flow is expected to exhibit two-dimensional gradients When you display data graphically in a later step, you will mirror the view across the centerline to obtain a more realistic view of the model. Since the bubbles are small and the flow is high speed, gravity effects can be ne~ glected and the problem can be reduced to axisymmetrical. If gravity could not be neglected and the direction of gravity were not coincident with the geometrical azis of symmetry, you would have to solve a 3D problem. 4. Specify an axisymmetric model. cor an (Se) ae eect] os 1 ey Femlin Cremusomes Satsise Spmenoees — Onsiae see Bipae ead Sans Omronsere —— Qastsmete Coase eet Day (a) Retain the default selection of Pressure-Based in the Type list. ‘The pressure-based solver must be used for multiphase calculations (b) Select Axisymmetric in the 2D Space list Note: A computationally intensive, transient calculation is necessary to accurately simulate the irregular cyclic process of bubble formation, growth, filling by water jet re-entry, and break-off. In this tutorial, you will perform a steady- state calculation to simulate the presence of vapor in the separation region in the time-averaged flow. 19-4 eleae 120 ©) ANSYS, Ine Mach 12,2008 Modeling Cavitation Step 3: Models ° 1. Enable the multiphase mixture model. nolan 80d, Force (a) Select Mixture in the Model list. The Multiphase Model dialog box will expand. (b) Disable Slip Velocity in the Mixture Parameters group box. In this flow, the high level of turbulence does not allow large bubble growth, 0 gravity is not important. Therefore, there is no need to solve for the slip velocity. (c) Click OK to close the Multiphase Model dialog box. 195 Modeling Cavitation 2. Enable the standard k-c turbulence model with standard wall functions. DES — = Mee cen ocel tenn OSpalere-Allmaras (1 eqn) iron See) Okman Gon) trata iaoney (300) O Transition SST (4 ean) Ofer Stee Geen) New-ikal Treatment Q Standard al Functirs nen aan Wal Functions Ocnhaneed wall resent Ouserdened Wal Functions ia) (a) Select k-epsilon in the Model list. (b) Select Realizable in the k-epsilon Model list. ) (c) Retain the default selection of Standard Wall Functions in the Near-Wall Treat- ment list. (A) Click OK to close the Viscous Model dialog box. 196 eleae 120 ©) ANSYS, Ine Masah 12,2008 Modeling Cavitation ‘Step 4: Materials ° 1. Create a now material to be used for the primary phase. ° GE] Create/Edit. S vis ype cena he | Que Setaromis Gronicel Perey, ‘FLUENT Fhid Materials | a ~ Camron ieaeibaaies Waco ae) Gane) Cee Con Cm] (a) Enter water for Name. (b) Enter 1000 kg/m for Density. (c) Enter 0.001 kg/m — s for Viscosity, ) (d) Click Change/Create A Question dialog bor will open, asking if you want to overwrite air. Click Yes. Question 2) charneicreste nature and overt a Lx J Le J 12, a008 19-7 19-8 Modeling Cavitation 2. Copy water vapor {rom the materials database and modify its properties. Ma — = GI Create/Edit. (a) Click the FLUENT Database... button to open the FLUENT Database Materials dialog box. ns FLUENT Fad Metals BE Moro Type i yee (Racha) = thal si tchicalane a>enzeh) trices (ehzee2) der Materia by (raerinus 20

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