Universidad Rural de Guatemala

Ingles
Licenciado: Liliana Castro Flores

Ingles

David Menjivar
160260047

Retalhuleu, 30 de septiembre 2017.

7th. 12th. Weeks

Week: weather.

The Weather in English

In English, we usually use it is when we talk about the weather.
This is normally: It is + adjective OR It is + verb-ing
It is + adjective = A description of the weather
It is sunny today.
It's hot and humid today.
It'sa nice day today.
We can also say:
It is a + adjective + day (or morning/afternoon/night)
It's a fine day.
It's a windy afternoon.
It is + verb-ing = This type of weather is happening now.
It's drizzling outside.
It's snowing.
Take an umbrella, it's raining.
You can also use it is in different tenses
It was cold yesterday.
It will be cloudy tomorrow.

7.1 seasons

In the spring, seeds take root and vegetation begins to grow. The weather is warmer,
and often wetter. Animals wake or return from warmer climates, often with newborns.
Melting snow from the previous season, along with increased rainfall, can cause
flooding along waterways.

In the summer, temperatures may increase to their hottest of the year. If they spike
too high, heat waves or droughts may cause trouble for people, animals, and plants.
For example, in the summer of 2003, the high temperatures claimed more than
30,000 lives, according toEncyclopedia Britannica. Rainfall may increase in some
areas, as well. Others may receive less water, and forest fires may become more
frequent.

In the autumn, or fall, temperatures cool again. Plants may begin to grow dormant.
Animals might prepare themselves for the upcoming cold weather, storing food or
traveling to warmer regions. Various cultures have celebrated bountiful harvests with
annual festivals. Thanksgiving is a good example. "Thanksgiving in the United States
 is a historical commemoration but it has a spiritual dimension strongly associated
with homecoming and giving praise for what has been bestowed upon us," Cristina
De Rossi, an anthropologist at Barnet and Southgate College in London, told Live
Science.

Winter often brings a chill. Some areas may experience snow or ice, while others
see only cold rain. Animals find ways to warm themselves, and may have changed
their appearance to adapt. "In a similar way to the Autumnal theme, Winter festivals
celebrate the return of the light during a time of deepest physical darkness," said De
Rossi. The Indian festival of Diwali, for example, which takes place between October
and November, celebrates the triumph of righteousness, and of light over darkness.

7.2. weather vocabulary.

air forecast rainy season
barometer freeze sky
blizzard frost sleet
Celsius hail snow
chill heat snowstorm
cirrus hot snowy
cloud humidity storm
clouds hurricane
cloudy ice sun
cold lightning sunny
cyclone meteorology temperature
degree thermometer
dew moon thunder
drizzle precipitation thunderstorm
dry pressure tornado
radar tsunami
dry season rain typhoon
Fahrenheit rainstorm warm
flood rainbow weather
fog rainy wind
windy
7.3 adjectives describe the weather

Windy Sunny Clear

Dead Cloudy Hazy

Snow Stormy Frosty

Freezing Dry Dark

Rainy Warm Drizzly

Cats and dogs Close Showery

Foggy Steamy Low pressure

Bitter Muggy Tempestuous

Humid Raw Hot

Wet Misty Revolting

Blusterous Icey Scorching

Balmy Arid

Calm Damp

8th. Week: weather.

8.1 time expresisions.
always typically/usually everyday
never tomorrow every night
sometimes later during the day
almost never next month at night
often/frequently next year en los ratos libres
very often next week in my free time
today generally
8.2 describe a season

A season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather, ecology, and amount
of daylight. Seasons result from Earth's orbit around the Sun and Earth's axial tilt relative to
the ecliptic plane.[2][3] In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the
intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, variations of which may cause animals to
undergo hibernation or to migrate, and plants to be dormant.

During May, June, and July, the Northern Hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight
because the hemisphere faces the Sun. The same is true of the Southern Hemisphere in
November, December, and January. It is Earth's axial tilt that causes the Sun to be higher in the
sky during the summer months, which increases the solar flux. However, due to seasonal lag,
June, July, and August are the warmest months in the Northern Hemisphere while December,
January, and February are the warmest months in the Southern Hemisphere.

9th. Week: TIME.

Time is a fundamental physical quantity, which can be measured using a periodic

process, understood as a process that repeats itself identically and indefinitely. The
unit of time selected is the second, the latter being defined as the 86,400 ava part of
the average solar day.

Most of the activities of the human being are ruled by time, since this helps us to put
our day in order. It tells us what we should be doing, or when something is going to
happen, it is like an endless stream that transports us, moving from the past, present,
and then to the future.

The time unit has multiples and sub-multiples, such as one day equals
24 hours, hour equals
60 minutes, minute equals
60 seconds, when we want to measure elapsed time in a year we have that one
week is equivalent to 7 days, the month is equivalent to 4 or 5 weeks and in turn 28,
29, 30 or 31 days, and the year is equivalent to 12 months.

9.1. Half, past, to.

a.m. - p.m.
a.m. = ante meridiem = the time from midnight to noon = from 00:00 to 12:00
p.m. = post meridiem = the time from noon to midnight = from 12:00 to 24:00
The 24-hour clock is the most commonly used time notation in the world today.
But in English speaking countries the 12-hour clock is the dominant system of time
written and spoken.
The 24-hour clock is only used by the military in the United States and Canada.

Examples:

24-hour 12-hour 24-hour 12-hour

11:00 11 a.m. It's eleven o'clock a.m. 08:15 8:15 a.m. It's a quarter
past eight a.m.
23:00 11 p.m. It's eleven o'clock p.m. 20:15 8:15 p.m. It's a quarter
past eight p.m.
10:30 10.30 a.m. It's half past ten a.m. 09:10 9:10 a.m. It's ten
(minutes) past nine a.m.
22:30 10:30 p.m. It's half past ten p.m. 11:20 11:20 a.m. It' twenty
(minutes) past eleven a.m.
04:45 4:45 a.m. It's a quarter to five a.m. 21:50 9:50 p.m. It's ten
(minutes) to ten p.m.
16:45 4:45 p.m. It's a quarter to five p.m. 19:40 7:40 p.m. It's twenty
(minutes) to eight p.m.

10th. Week. Reading and comprehension time

when I ask my students what they find challenging about reading comprehension,
the most popular answer is always the sametiming. (Runners-up include
understanding the passage and getting bored.) Beating the clock on the ACT or
SAT reading comprehension test isnt as hard as most people think it is, and it
doesnt entail what most people think it does.

Here are a few basic (and not-so-basic!) tips to help you come to terms with and
conquer the timing limitations of the ACT and SAT reading tests.

Tip #1: Dont complain about the clock

Most of your competition devotes a significant amount of mental energy to whining

about the parameters of the test. Its not fair how little time they give us! I could
ace the test if only I had as much time as I wanted! As I explained in last weeks
post about scaled scoring, having more time wouldnt actually raise your score. If the
reading comprehension test were ten minutes longer, you and everybody else would
get more questions right; and because the test is scaled, nobodys score would
change.
So instead of complaining about the time you dont have, learn how to make the
most of the time you do have. Moaning about the test wont raise your score, but
learning how to be more efficient and more accurate than your competition certainly
will.

Tip #2: Embrace your reading speed

Nearly all of my students feel subconscious about their reading speed. I sympathize:
when you run out of time on a test, its natural to think you would have finished if
youd only read faster. Heck, I felt this way myself when I ran out of time on reading
tests, and it wasnt until I became a Kaplan teacher that I realizedto my
astonishmentthat this natural conclusion is completely wrong.

Think about the time you spend reading the passage. Then think about the time you
lose because you zoned out and had to re-read a whole paragraph. Or the time you
lose playing ping-pong between two answer choices because you dont understand
the passage well enough to see why one of them is wrong. Or the time you lose
bashing your head against an impossible question that you should have just skipped.

11th. Week: conversation time. Wh- questions

Grammar-based Getting to know you worksheet aimed at practising the use of

correct wh-question words, speaking, listening, asking for clarification, asking to
repeat, note-taking and short presentations or talking in front of the class. Fully
editable, printer-friendly colours (background colour does not print) and plain vanilla
version (without any colour or clip art) included on 2nd page. Answer key provided.
For similar worksheets, check out .If you ask about the subject of the sentence,
simply add the question word at the beginning:
Example:
James writes good poems. Who writes good poems?
2.If you ask about the predicate of the sentence (the part of a sentence which
contains the verb and gives information about the subject), there are three options:
If there is a helping (auxiliary) verb that precedes the main verb ( for example:
can, is, are, was, were, will, would...), add the question word and invert the
subject and the helping (auxiliary) verb.
Examples:
He can speak Chinese. What can he speak?
They are leaving tonight. When are they leaving?
If you ask about the predicate and there is no helping (auxiliary) verb and the
verb is "to be", simply add the question word and invert the subject and the
 verb.
Example:
The play was interesting. How was the play?
If there is no helping (auxiliary) verb in the the predicate and the main verb is
not "to be", add the auxiliary "do" in the appropriate form.
Examples:
They go to the movies every Saturday. Where do they go every
Saturday?
He wakes up early. When does he wake up?
They sent a letter. What did they send?