TYPES OF SPEECH
ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
1. Expository or Informative Speech - conveys
information which the audience does not
know.
2. Persuasive Speech - Speech designed to
move people to do or not to do.
3. Entertainment Speech
EXPOSITORY OR INFORMATIVE SPEECH
Types of Informative Speech
a. Speech about Objects This type of speech
focuses on what is tangible instead of
abstract. The speaker talks about things that
can enthuse the senses, like touch, see, smell
or feel. It involves talking about things in the
sensory and physical world.
Sample Topics:
Banawe Rice Terraces
The Different Breeds of Dogs
The Famous Churches in the Philippines
The Speakers Favorite Hero
Types of Pasta
b. Speech about Events Speech about
important incidences, personal or historical
events and seeks to enlighten the listeners
about said events.
Example:
The Presidents Inaugural Address
Battle in Manila Bay
Pahiyas Festival
c. Speech about Processes Series of actions
or steps taken in order to achieve a particular
and desired outcome.
Example:
How to make a pillow cushion
How to make a homemade pasta
d. Speech about Concept centers on what is
abstract rather than what is concrete.
This type of speech focuses on theoretical
philosophies and views.
Example:
Poverty Reduction
World Peace
Christianity
Racial Discrimination
GUIDELINES FOR EXPOSITORY OR
INFORMATIVE SPEAKING
1. Clarify the purpose
2. Explain for the average person
3. Use clear language
4. Use visual aids
5. Organize the ideas.
SAMPLE INFORMATIVE SPEECH
Stages of Grief - In the Context of Moving-On From a
Romantic Relationship
Have you ever been in a serious romantic
relationship that ended sourly? If yes, you have also probably
gone to the phase of getting over the person you were with.
Regardless of age, personality, educational attainment, and
religious belief, people mourn when something tragic happens
to them. Individuals may just have different ways and
timetable on how they will be back to their happy selves, but,
there is a common denominator on the stages they will go
through. Persons in this situation may not notice this universal
factor but when taken closely, there is a general pattern of
emotions with the people moving on.
According to psychologists, grief is the feeling
someone experiences when he loses someone or something
important to him. It is also considered as an overwhelming
emotion of a person which causes him deep sorrow. With this
definition, we can conclude that individuals whose
relationships stopped in a bad note are very much prone to
grief.
Among the stages of grief, the first phase is denial.
This is when the individual feels that the bond between him
and his loved one is not yet over. In this phase, it is possible
that one or both parties may still communicate and talk about
their separation over and over. If it is the man who broke up
with the woman, she is prone to asking the man several times
on why he decided to end what they have. If no
communication is made at this stage, the couple may feel that
nothing awful happened between them. They may not cry nor
react negatively in their state. Another potential reaction is to
feel okay and maybe to sense that they have already moved-
on.
The second stage is anger. One famous cause of
broken relationships is betrayal. If this is the root of the
problem, this is the time when the victim will feel mad to his
partner. If the people involved were just casualties of
situations and their personality differences, they are expected
to hate themselves. They could think that it was their fault why
their love ended and that they did not do anything good in their
situation. Some may go extreme by hating men or women and
even the world they are in. They may think that life is unfair.
After this stage, bargaining would come in. This
is considered as the weakest part of heartache. One may seek
rescue from friends, legal affairs, or even from the people they
were with. Since the persons involved are extra vulnerable at
this phase, they would have a lot of questions on why it
occurred and why it happened to them. There are also a lot of
ifs in this leg, such as, If only I was prettier.., If only I had
a stable work and was able to provide If only his mother
liked me, etc.
 The second to the last stage is depression. This
is when sadness and regret comes in. Women possibly will
choose not to go out and socialize and men may turn to
alcohol. Aside from this, people involved may perhaps feel
tired and sickly. They could once again cry and get stressed
over little things. However, since this is a familiar feeling and
people know that the opposite of sadness is happiness, those
who are in this stage easily find ways on how they can be joyful
again.
The last stage of grief is acceptance. Do not get
fooled because acceptance may not mean cheerfulness. This
may simply mean that the persons involved are contented and
at peace with their situation. They no longer feel a strong
negative emotion. This last stage is also considered as the
time when calmness is welcomed and withdrawal from habits
brought about by depression is started.
In this world, it is typical for people to fall in love, be
committed and get married. At the same time, it is also normal
for them to get hurt, fall out of love, and leave the person they
were with. Among all the natural occurrences in relationships,
moving on is a part of it. Some may be ready to have
relationships again in 2 weeks, some will wait it out more, and
maybe some would even just accept what happened and
never commit themselves in relationships again. In the midst
of all this, it is good to know that no matter how negative we
feel about ourselves, our lost love and our personal space
every bit of it is normal. It is expected and perhaps it is even
a must.
OUTLINE:
TITLE: Stages of Grief - In the Context of Moving-On From
a Romantic Relationship
I. Denial
A. Not facing of the situation
B. Keeping oneself busy
C. Not looking at it as a problem
II. Anger
A. Being mad at himself
B. Blaming his/her partner
C. Showing lack of control over situation
III. Bargaining
A. Giving himself or partner options
B. Thinking of What if
C. Questioning his partner and the situation
IV. Depression
A. Being emotional
B. Often Crying
C. Thinking of Negative Thoughts
V. Acceptance
A. Seeing the reality
B. Accepting the painful truth
C.Figuring out on how to make himself better
TEMPLATE:
Below is a template which you can use in one of the
famous informative speeches- introducing a guest
speaker.
Activity 1: Interview a local official and fill in the blanks
with your interviewees details as if you are introducing
him as the days program guest speaker.
Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Our guest of honor and
speaker today was born as ______. He is the son of former
city mayor __________ and ______________. He studied
elementary and high school at _____________ and finished a
degree on ______________ at _____________. Growing up,
he enjoyed ______, and _______. By the year _____, he went
to serve the public as a _________. At the moment he is the
__________. He is also married to ____________ and has
_______________ children.
Ladies and gentlemen, join me in welcoming
________________.
Activity 2: Make a speech on how you would introduce a
debutante and newlywed. The diagram below may help
you in gathering facts about the topic of your
introductory speech.
Full name of the debutante: Date of birth
Name of parents
Course
Hobbies
Likes/Dislikes
What makes her unique and special
Traits and attitudes
SPEECH INTRODUCING A DEBUTANTE
________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
NEWLYWED
Full name of the wife Year they met
How did they met
Full name of the husband First impression for each other
Full name of the newlyweds Adventures together
Engagement story
SPEECH INTRODUCING A NEWLYWED
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
PERSUASIVE SPEECH Speech designed to
move people to do or not to do.
TYPES OF PERSUASIVE SPEECH
A. ACCORDING TO TOPIC
1. Factual Persuasive Speech is based on the question,
Is it true? The speech determines whether or not a
particular issue is true, and is backed by concrete evidence.
This convinces the audience to determine whether or not
something exists
Example: The Existence of Pluto as a planet
2. Value Persuasive Speech speech where one argues
whether or not something is right, moral or ethical
Example: Capital Punishment Execution .. justifiable?
3. Policy Persuasive Speech convinces an audience to
either support or reject a dogma, rule, regulation or program.
Example: Propriety of Women in the Military
B.ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
1. Speech to actuate designed to influence listeners
behavior. It includes establishing beliefs. Example: Speech
delivered during Miting de Avance
(This persuades the listeners to vote for the speaker-
candidate)
2. Speech to inspire tries to change how the listeners feel.
Example: Commencement addresses, eulogies,
commemorative speeches.
3. Speech to convince the goal is to affect the listeners
beliefs or attitudes.
Example: Speech concluding that air travel is better than
ground travel.
GUIDELINES FOR PERSUASIVE SPEAKING
1. Stand with credibility
2. Speak with logic
3. Strike with emotions
SAMPLE PERSUASIVE SPEECH
Inaugural Speech of Nelson Mandela South Africans
first Black President
Your Majesties, Your Highnesses, Distinguished Guests,
Comrades and Friends:
Today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by our
celebrations in other parts of our country and the
world,confer glory and hope to newborn liberty.
Out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster
that lasted too long, must be born a society of which all
humanity will be proud.
Our daily deeds as ordinary South Africans must produce an
actual South African reality that will reinforce humanity's
belief in justice, strengthen its confidence in the nobility of the
human soul and sustain all our hopes for a glorious life for all.
All this we owe both to ourselves and to the peoples of the
world who are so well represented here today.
To my compatriots, I have no hesitation in saying that each
one of us is as intimately attached to the soil of this beautiful
country as are the famous jacaranda trees of Pretoria and
the mimosa trees of the bushveld.
Each time one of us touches the soil of this land, we feel a
sense of personal renewal. The national mood changes as
the seasons change.
We are moved by a sense of joy and exhilaration when the
grass turns green and the flowers bloom.
That spiritual and physical oneness we all share with this
common homeland explains the depth of the pain we all
carried in our hearts as we saw our country tear itself apart in
a terrible conflict, and as we saw it spurned, outlawed and
isolated by the peoples of the world, precisely because it has
become the universal base of the pernicious ideology and
practice of racism and racial oppression.
We, the people of South Africa, feel fulfilled that humanity
has taken us back into its bosom, that we, who were outlaws
not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to
be host to the nations of the world on our own soil.
We thank all our distinguished international guests for having
come to take possession with the people of our country of
what is, after all, a common victory for justice, for peace, for
human dignity.
We trust that you will continue to stand by us as we tackle
the challenges of building peace, prosperity, non-sexism,non-
racialism and democracy.
We deeply appreciate the role that the masses of our people
and their political mass democratic, religious, women,
youth,business, traditional and other leaders have played to
bring about this conclusion. Not least among them is my
Second Deputy President, the Honourable F.W. de Klerk.
We would also like to pay tribute to our security forces, in all
their ranks, for the distinguished role they have played in
securing our first democratic elections and the transition to
democracy, from blood-thirsty forces which still refuse to see
the light.
The time for the healing of the wounds has come.
The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come.
The time to build is upon us.
We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. We
pledge ourselves to liberate all our people from the
continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender
and other discrimination.
We succeeded to take our last steps to freedom in conditions
of relative peace. We commit ourselves to the construction of
a complete, just and lasting peace.
We have triumphed in the effort to implant hope in the
breasts of the millions of our people. We enter into a
covenant that we shall build the society in which all South
Africans, both black and white, will be able to walk tall,
without any fear in their hearts, assured of their inalienable
right to human dignity - a rainbow nation at peace with itself
and the world.
As a token of its commitment to the renewal of our SAMPLE SPEECH TO ACTUATE
country,the new Interim Government of National Unity will, as
a matter of urgency, address the issue of amnesty for various Imagine life as a game in which you are juggling some
categories of our people who are currently serving terms of five balls in the air. You name them - work, family, health,
imprisonment. friends and spirit - and you're keeping all of these in the air.
You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop
We dedicate this day to all the heroes and heroines in this
it, it will bounce back. But the other four balls - family, health,
country and the rest of the world who sacrificed in many friends and spirit - are made of glass. If you drop one of these,
ways and surrendered their lives so that we could be free. they will be irrevocably scuffed, marked, nicked, damaged or
Their dreams have become reality. Freedom is their reward. even shattered. They will never be the same. You must
We are both humbled and elevated by the honour and understand that and strive for it.
privilege that you, the people of South Africa, have bestowed Work efficiently during office hours and leave on time.
on us, as the first President of a united, democratic, non- Give the required time to your family, friends and have proper
racial and non-sexist South Africa, to lead our country out of rest.
the valley of darkness. Value has a value only if it is valued.
We understand it still that there is no easy road to freedom.
We know it well that none of us acting alone can achieve
success. 3. Entertainment Speech a speech that makes a
viewpoint through the creative, organized use of
We must therefore act together as a united people, for
national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a
the speakers wit. Also called as after dinner
new world. speech. Its goal is to entertain
Let there be justice for all.
Let there be peace for all. GUIDELINES TO ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH
Let there be work, bread, water and salt for all. 1. Dont forget the thesis
Let each know that for each the body, the mind and the soul 2. Paint an art through words
have been freed to fulfill themselves. 3. Get organized
Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful 4. Manage the humor
land will again experience the oppression of one by another
and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world.
Let freedom reign.
The sun shall never set on so glorious a human
achievement!
God bless Africa!
Thank you.