WHAT IS MATERIAL BALANCE?

X MACHINE Y

X=Y+Z

Presentation Title 1
BENEFITS OF MATERIAL BALANCE

Maximum efficiency of machine

Optimum capacity of machine
Control of product losses
High conformance in process
consistency
Good quality of products
Low maintenance cost
Minimum breakdown
Good housekeeping, safe &
conducive working environment.
No pollution

Presentation Title 2
MATERIAL BALANCE DATA

ITEMS % TO FFB
Empty Bunch 20 - 23
Bunch Ash 0.5
Sterilizer Condensate 16
Sterilized Fruitlet 67
Crude Oil 65 - 75
Sludge 40 - 45
Decanter Solid 3
Oil 23
Cyclone Fibre 13 - 15
Nut 10 - 14
Shell 6-7
Kernel 5-6
Effluent 80

3
 CONSUMPTION

Electricity 15 20 kW/FFB

Water 1.3 1.5 m3/FFB

Steam Turbine 25 35 kg/kW

4
BULK DENSITY OF PALM MATERIAL

MATERIAL Kg/m3
Fresh Fruit Bunch 430
Fresh Loose Fruit 655
Empty Bunch 357
Sterilized Fruitlets 640
Presscake ex-Press 303
Nut ex-Depericarper 640
Wet Shell 670
Dried Kernel 622
Wet Kernel 660
Cyclone Fibre 140
Cyclone Dust 529
Waste Water 1014
Crude Oil ex-Press 978
Sludge before Centrifuge 1010

5
 EXAMPLE NUT ELEVATOR

b h

a c

DIMENSION
NOTATION
(mm) CAPACITY OF NUT BUCKET

a 250 Volume of
(b + c) x h/2 x a 0.00563 m3
bucket
b 200

Wt. of nut
0.00675 x 640 3.60 kg
c 100 per bucket

h 150

6
 NUT ELEVATOR cont

NOTATION DESCRIPTION VALUE

E Mill Capacity 60 tph

F Bucket to Bucket 400 mm

G Gearbox Output 45 rpm

H Driven Sprocket 28 T

I Drive Sprocket 16 T

J Chain Sprocket 12 T

K Chain Size 100 mm

7
 NUT ELEVATOR cont

DESCRIPTION FORMULA VALUE

Chain Sprocket Speed GxI/H 25.71 rpm

Chain Speed 25.71 x J x K 30,852 mm/min.

No. of Buckets 30,582 x 60 / F 4,628 Bph

Nut Conveyed 4,628 x 4.32 / 1000 / 2 10 tph

% to FFB 10 x 100 / E 17 %

8
NUT ELEVATOR - CONCLUSION

Capacity of elevator is more

than sufficient because it can
handle maximum of 17%
Nut/FFB ratio against standard
requirement of 14%. This also
implies that nut spillage at the
elevator is unlikely to occur
when there is recycling. In
other words, the elevator can
do 70 tph milling capacity.