A.

DESIGN 8B
MW 2:00-8:30 PM

PLATE NO.2
ART AND ARCHITECTURE
SCHOOL
RESEARCH

RACHO, RAPHA S.
BSARCH 4B

AR. VINCENT RAYMUND Y. ALOVERA

INSTRUCTOR

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Space/Functional Requirements 3

Legal Requirements 39

Safety Requirements 48

References 53

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SPACE REQUIREMENTS

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SPACE REQUIREMENTS
1. Gallery/Exhibit Hall
2. Arfien Council Office
3. UAPSA Office
4. PIID-SAB Office
5. Artists Forum Office
6. Painting Legion Office
7. Deans Office
8. Secretary/Reception Area
9. Faculty Room
10. Pantry
11. Lounge
12. Library
13. Lecture Rooms
14. Laboratory/Drafting Rooms
15. Workshop (Open)
16. Elevator
17. Stairs
18. Toilets
19. Hallway
20. Storage Areas

1. Gallery/Exhibit Hall
An art exhibition is traditionally the space in which art objects (in the most
general sense) meet an audience. The exhibit is universally understood to be for some
temporary period unless, as is rarely true, it is stated to be a "permanent exhibition".
The art works may be presented in museums, art halls, art clubs or private art
galleries, or at some place the principal business of which is not the display or sale of
art, such as a coffeehouse. An important distinction is noted between those exhibits
where some or all of the works are for sale, normally in private art galleries, and those
where they are not. Sometimes the event is organized on a specific occasion, like a
birthday, anniversary or commemoration.
Types of Exhibitions
There are commercial and non-commercial exhibitions. Commercial exhibitions are
intended to attract buyers and sell the displayed items while non-commercial exhibitions are
simply arranged for appreciation of talents and skills. Exhibitions can be categorized further
into museums, art exhibitions, trade exhibitions and consumer exhibitions.
Museums are devoted to conservation of valuable scientific, artistic, cultural and
historical objects. It is open for public viewing which aims to give its visitors significant
knowledge. It a non-commercial type of exhibition since its purpose is to protect its
collection from being lost and damaged and make them last for years.
Art exhibitions can include paintings, figurines, drawings and photos. They can be
commercial and non-commercial. Non-commercial art gallery shows art pieces of
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 renowned artists and is available to the public. Commercial art exhibitions, on the other
hand, are held to showcase the artworks of debutant artists. Their purpose is to have
their works examined by art enthusiasts. They can end up selling their pieces once it
gets attention and recognition.
Trade shows are events between organizations and business. They are designed to let
the participants showcase their products and services and see if it can gain the interest
of another company. They are commercial exhibition but only those invited can attend.
Consumer exhibitions are taken advantage by different companies to expose their
products and services to the public. The theme can be intended for a particular
demographic (mothers, teenagers) or assembled to show a particular product or service
(IT shows, car shows). The idea behind this event is to attract the public to buy their
products or services.

General Planning

EXHIBITION AND COLLECTION STORAGE SPACES

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The layout of public areas in a museum, may be
based on a simple concept of free circulation
around a single open-plan exhibition space, or
on more complex concepts related to generic
interpretive structures. It is important to
consider the nature of the narratives
appropriate to the museums objects of interest.
The storyline of an exhibition may be translated
into: A linear arrangement of spaces with
beginning, middle and end,
A loop where the essentially linear storyline
leads naturally back to the beginning. An
arrangement of core and satellites where each
theme or detailed treatment of a subject leads
back to a central introductory or orientational
area. A more complex scheme combining linear,
loop and core satellite arrangement of spaces
which is specifically structured to account for
more or less stable relationships between
collections and interpretive themes, or A
labyrinthine arrangement where the
relationships between areas can be varied from
exhibition to exhibition by managing the public
circulation.

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GALLERY DESIGN
The average American museum visitor, if a man, is about 5 ft 9 1/4 in tall, and his eye level is 5 ft 4
3/4 in ; the average woman is about 5 ft 3 1/4 in tall, and her eye level is 4 ft 11 in . Thus, the mean
adult eye-level height is about 5 ft 2 1/4 in. With little eye movement, people usually see and
recognize with ease things that are within an approximately elliptical cone of vision, with the apex of
the cone at the eye-level height. Studies have shown that, in general, the adult museum visitor
observes an area only a little over 1 ft above his own eye level to 3 ft below it at an average viewing
distance of 24- 48 in. Arranging objects and labels above and below these limits places a strain on
seldom-used muscles and produces aching backs, tired feet, burning eyes, and stiff necks. Some
quite large objects, such as totem poles or dinosaurs, will inevitably soar above these viewing limits,
and, in this event, the visitor must be permitted space to back far enough away from the object to
comprehend it without becoming a case for an orthopedic specialist.
The flow of visitors is like the flow of water in a stream. If the cases are arranged with gently
curving lines to take advantage of this pattern of movement, visitors will find the room more attractive
and can progress easily with the line of the case. Often the arrangements can be staggered which
produces a certain mystery and a desire on the part of the visitor to peek around corners to see what
is next. It is not always necessary to have a wide opening into a hall. Cases that are arranged to
narrow the entrance a bit, so that the hall inside then opens out, provide a certain amount of interest.

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POSSIBLE GALLERY ARRANGEMENTS

ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION

Relative humidity and temperature
Special consideration must be given to proper control of relative humidity, temperature and air
pollution in all collection areas of a museum or art gallery. This includes: exhibition areas; collection
storage; and conservation, display and photographic work areas.

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Light and lighting

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2. Offices

Office operations like machine needs to have all parts synchronized moving smoothly. The
main office function is information. The purpose of having an effective office layout design is to
have this information flowing smoothly avoiding unnecessary turns and traps.
Absolutely, there is no office that will fit all companys functions more than an all-purpose
machine, although there are some good principles of layout by functions that could be adapted
to any office situation.

General Principles

Work Flow
The most important phase in space planning is the development of the layout that
conforms to and compliments with the predominant workflow requirements,
The planner must know the operations, processes and procedures involved in a
particular office in order to assist the management by providing workstation patterns that will
ensure smooth flow of work.

The Straight Line Principles

1. Papers move from one desk to another with the least amount of carrying,
traveling and delay.
2. Work must go in series of straight lie with general forward movement,
avoiding crisscross motion and backward flow.
3. The flow patter can be traced from desk to desk
The Executive Core Concept
Executive core concept is placing all or most of the offices in the core area,
providing spaces along the building for others.
The Work Station
Planning Considerations:
1. Desks should be facing I one direction. This type of arrangement provides
straight line work flow pattern, fast communication, neat and attractive in
appearance.
2. In an open office space area, placing desk in rows of two allows bank type
partitions as dividers for work that requires visual privacy.
3. Desk should be spaced at 1.80 meters from the front of a desk to the desk
behind it. This distance should be increased to 2.10 meters when the desk
are in rows of two.
4. In private offices, desk is positioned where the occupant could see the door.
5. Desk of employees having more visitors contract, should be placed near the
office entrance.
6. Desk of employees doing classified wok should be far from the entrance.

Other Planning Considerations:

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 1. Employees working in closed working area should be in a well-lighted
condition. Glaring surfaces that affects vision should be corrected.
2. Heavy office equipment should be placed against walls or columns to avoid
floor overloading.
3. Observe safety. Comply with the safety rules. Do not obstruct exits, corridors
or stairways.
4. Aisles leading to main exits from areas with substantial traffic should be 180
centimeters wide.
The Conference Room
The size of conference room is based on demand from past records and experiences,
rather, than on anticipated needs.
1. Private offices needs not be provided with conference space.
2. For large offices, conference room should be adjoining the office of top officials that held large
number of conferences.
3. Conference room should be centrally located to the users.
4. Access to conference room should be through corridors or reception area.

The Reception Area

The impression lies on the layout, and decoration of the reception area. Therefore,
reception area must be:
1. Attractive
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 2. Neat
3. Business-like
4. Adequate to accommodate normal visitors traffic
One square meter allowance for each visitor to be served may be used or space
allocations. For instance, in planning space required for 5 visitors, requires 5 square
meters space area. The receptionist should be positioned to command clear view of
those entering and, be readily accessible to visitors.
Typical Space Allotment based on their use by 15 people
1. Reception Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 sq. m.
2. Waiting or interviewing room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 sq. m.
3. Conference room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 sq. m.

Add approximately 1 square meter for each additional person to be served.

Categories of Space Required in a Typical Offices
1. Office space
2. File space
3. Special equipment space
4. Storage space
5. Special room

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STUDENT UNIONS
Organization
Since by definition the term college union has two meanings-organization and building-it
is necessary to investigate the nature of each. The organization of students, faculty, and
alumni which composes the union usually operates with a governing board at its head. This
board, which may or may not include representatives of the three groups, is responsible for the
operation of the union, although much of the detail is handled by trained staff members and
much of the guiding philosophy is originally that of the professional staff.
Arfien Council Office
Arfien Council is a group of people/officers governing or serving all the students of the
School of Architecture, Fine Arts, and Interior Design of La Consolacion College Bacolod.
UAPSA Office
United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary (UAPSA) is the student
organization of the United Architects of the Philippines (UAP). Its purpose is to motivate and
instill discipline among architectural students and to propagate the goals and aspirations of all
architects.
Currently, UAPSA LCCB has 11 officers excluding their commitees/staff.
PIID-SAB Office
The PIID-SAB is the official student organization of its mother institution, the PIID, in-
charge of all activities and event deemed pertaining to the students, consistently extends its
assistance, service, and support to its chapter, and other activities assigned by the PIID to this
body.

Artist Forums Office

Office/area provided for the Artist Forum officers of La Consolacion College Bacolod
serving the Fine Arts students.
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 Painting Legion Office
Office/area provided for the Artist Forum officers of La Consolacion College Bacolod
serving the Fine Arts major in Painting Students.
Deans Office
It is the office of the head of a faculty, school, or administrative division in a university or
college: the dean of admissions. An official in an American college or secondary school having
charge of student personnel services, such as counseling or discipline.
Faculty Room
A staffroom, also known as a teachers' lounge outside Great Britain is a room in a
primary school, middle school, high school, college where teachers have their desk and
prepare their lessons as opposed to the faculty lounge in United States and Canadian
universities and to the common room in British independent schools, where the teachers
and/or school staff talk to each other, discuss work, eat, drink and socialize while not in class.
In primary school, there is usually just one common room, while in middle school, high school,
college and/or university, there can be multiple common rooms. Faculty lounges and common
rooms may have kitchens, desks, and television sets.

Library
A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a
defined community for reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and

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may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both. A library's collection can include
books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microform, CDs,
cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books, audiobooks, databases, and other formats.
Libraries range in size from a few shelves of books to several million items.
DESIGN CHECKLIST
The following checklist covers the kinds of information that may be needed to draw up a design
brief. It is relevant mainly (but not only) to public libraries.
User services
Opening hours
Peak-use times
Hours
Days of the week
Times of the year (particularly for educational libraries)

Numbers of readers (preferably separate figures for each part of the library)
Bibliographical
General reference
Adult lending
Childrens lending
Periodicals, newspapers
Music
Special reference (e.g. commercial, technical)
Local history
Arts
Other departments

Associated activities Storage of readers belongings

Staff rooms
Meeting rooms Coats Lounge
Lecture rooms Bags Tea room and kitchen
Typing room Umbrellas Lavatories
Exhibition area
Areas for Storage
Accessioning Strong room
Reader facilities Cataloguing Stationery
Catalogue reference Processing Furniture
Document copying Receipt and dispatch Cleaning materials
CD-ROM viewing/listening Post and packing
Accessing remote databases Printing
Microform viewing Photography
Video cassette viewing/listening
Audio reproduction
Poster display
Book storage
There are two forms of library in relation to book and other material storage:

Closed access, where the general users have to ask for the material they need and
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 Open access, where some or most of the material is on open shelves on which the users
may browse. Even in this type of library, however, some closed storage will be required for
valuable stock and for obsolescent material.
Catalogue
An essential part of any library is the catalogue. In the past this was kept almost invariably in the form
of index cards, usually 6 in 4 in, kept captive in drawers in cabinets. Some libraries used paper slips in
binders as an alternative method. The design criteria for such facilities shown in previous editions have been
omitted as they are now completely obsolete.
Nowadays, catalogues are kept on computer and this can be combined with monitoring the lending and
acquisition functions. Monitors and keyboards will be required for all staff positions, and additional ones for the
use of the public. These can be dumb terminals for a central computer, or more commonly standard
workstations on a network. Such a network will require a network manager and storage for back-up material
which may be tapes or CD-ROMS.

AREA ALLOWANCES

University and college libraries

Published space recommendations also vary but an approximate guide would be:
One seat for each of 30 per cent of students
2.3 to 3.5 m2 floor area per seat overall area
50 to 65 volumes per m2 of overall floor area.

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READERS FACILITIES

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Carrels
Where users will require more privacy they can be accommodated in:
Individual tables
Dual reading tables with screens
Open carrels; these can be placed within book stack areas,
Closed carrels

CONTROL COUNTERS
Shape

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 In the smallest library a single control, covers both issue and return. A desk may be used, but a
counter has the advantage that it is at standing height and can have cupboards fitted. This layout has
the disadvantage that the inevitable crossing of traffic routes can be troublesome at peak times.
The layout in offers more security control and fewer traffic problems, but two members of staff are
necessary at all times to operate it.

Width
Counters are usually 500 mm wide and sometimes also have a 150 mm bag rail on the outside of the
in-counter.
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Height
Both readers and staff will stand, so height should be 1.20 m. A popular variation has a slope on the
in-counter where books can be placed while being checked in, 32.34. Alternatively, the same design
can be used, but with a counter 750 mm high, with an overall height of 950 mm. Staff can then sit to
receive books. Where staff need working space away from the control counter gives
recommendations.

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Library/Learning Resource Center (LRC) 2.40 sq. m. per place
The library/LRC shall have a capacity of 10% of the enrolment at 2.40 sq. m. per place, provided
that the total area is not less than that of a standard classroom. In schools with more than one shift,
the basis for computing the area is the shift with the largest enrolment.

Lecture Rooms
Major factors to be considered in designing
a classroom are the following:
1. Seating and writing surfaces
2. Space and furnishings for the lecturer
3. The use of wall space, including
chalkboards, screens, size and location of
windows, etc.
4. Facilities for projection and television
5. Coat racks, storage, and other
conveniences
6. Acoustics and lighting
7. Heating and air conditioning
8. Aesthetic considerations

REGULAR CLASSROOM FACILITIES

1. Basic Concepts
The classroom is a contained unit of
learning space. To be effective, it must be
designed such that spaces and facilities
reflect the educational processes and
activities that take place in them.

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Laboratory/Drafting Rooms

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Schedule of accommodation will generally include:
design studio and display areas
technical workshop(s)
admin office
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 storage

DESIGN STUDIOS
General requirements
These should be next to
appropriate workrooms or workshops
and the exclusion of noise and dust
should be considered.
Storage is needed for large drawings,
models, reference books and
clothes/protective equipment; lockers
should be included, together with
equipment for copying drawings and
documents, although the latter may be
centralized.
Good lighting is essential, both
natural and artificial. Roof lights may
provide ancillary light; all windows
should be fitted with some form of
daylight control (e.g. blinds) to prevent
glare and possible damage to materials
or colors. All surfaces should be durable
and easy to clean.

Display space
Traditionally in the studio area,
nowadays this space can be varied to
include lecture theatres, halls, corridors
and entry areas. Note that some
specialist display areas will still be
required (e g for models, which are
often fragile, or film and video, which
require low light levels or blackout
facilities and additional power supplies etc.).

Fine art studios

Studios for painting and sculpture require large areas. They must have good natural daylight,
with high-level windows equal to at least 25-33% of the floor area, and with north or east aspect.

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Workshop
Siting
This will depend on type of work being done. Light work associated with graphics, silver
and jewelry, photography and fashion may be placed on a higher floor; metal, wood and
plastics workshops, where large machines may be installed, are best sited on ground or
basement levels. Good workshop layout must conform to work flow and safety. Provide ample
space round machines and for gangways to allow necessary movement without incursion on
workspace. Non-slip floor finishes should be specified. A workshop technician should be able
to survey the whole area from a partially glazed office. If each student is provided with sets of
tools, space for individual lockers is needed in the workshop area.
Health and safety
This is particularly important where machinery is in use - e.g. wood and
metalworking or in darkrooms etc. where chemicals are used. Protective clothing,
goggles etc. must be available in sufficient numbers and safety procedures must be
clearly displayed.
Ancillary accommodation
This will include offices for teaching staff, common room (consider for both staff and
students), toilets and possibly showers.
Ancillary areas may include printing and reprographic equipment, either housed in a
studio or, if sophisticated or large scale, sited in a separate area. Computer-aided design and
drafting equipment is usually located in separate computer areas, use being shared with other
disciplines.

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Storage
Methods of storing a wide range of goods and materials are needed. Areas are required for
storing completed works before exhibition or disposal. Some items may be very fragile and/or
valuable, and additional security may be required.
All storage should be sited next to the appropriate workshop and satisfy requirements for
specific heat and humidity conditions where required for specialized materials being stored (e.g. clay,
plaster). External access must be convenient for goods vehicles see 'Loading Bays' in the Industrial
Buildings section.
Special racking is needed for paintings and large canvasses, timber and timber-based board
materials, plastics sheets, metal sections, rolls of textiles, glass and paper.

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 Correct archive storage for original drawings, models or other artefacts, which may have to be
kept for indefinite periods, must be properly conditioned, and the structure must be fire and flood
proof.

Toilet Facilities

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LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

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Corridors
Corridors are required at ground level if appropriate direct access to enclosed spaces is
provided. Every corridor shall not be less than 1.10 meters wide and shall be unobstructed. Above
ground level, the minimum clear width is 2.00 meters provided that the provisions of the National
Building and Fire Codes of the Philippines and other relevant rules and regulations are observed.
School Building Orientation
Orientation of school buildings located in coastal areas should consider the direction of
possible storm surge. Impact of storm surge will be less if the shorter side of the building faces the
coast instead than its front. (Engr. Rodel Veneracion, Plan Philippines)
The proper orientation of school buildings aims primarily to minimize direct sunlight inside the
classroom and to maximize the entrance of breeze or air currents into them. The solar path and the
prevailing winds are the two major factors to be considered in the orientation of a school building.
The Solar/Sun Path refers to the direction of the sunlight as the earth rotates on its axis which
is usually from east to west, with some slight variation during certain seasons of the year, which may
be regarded as negligible.

Windows
Window openings shall be equal to or at least ten (10) percent of the floor area of the room,
provided that such opening shall be not less than one square meter, except those in toilets and baths
which shall be not less than one-twentieth of the floor area of such rooms, or not less than 240
square millimeters. Steel casement for windows using plain GI sheets can be used to resist strong
wind from entering inside the building that creates an uplift force that blow up roofs. GI sheets are
connected by rivets and non-sag marine epoxy over 85 steel window frames. All glass windows easily
breaks and can cause injury to occupants inside when broken by strong winds. (Engr. Rodel
Veneracion, Plan Philippines)

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Ceiling Height
The ceiling height of rooms with natural ventilation shall be not less than 2.70 meters
measured from the floor to the ceiling; rooms provided with artificial ventilation shall have ceiling
heights not less than 2.40 meters.
Exit Doors
At least two (2) exit doors are required where the number of room occupants is over 50 in the
case of classrooms, conference rooms, exhibit rooms, gymnasia, school shops, vocational
institutions, laboratories, and auditorium; a door shall not be less than 2.10 meters high and 900
millimeters wide.
RISK REDUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR PARTS OF A SCHOOL BUILDING AND
AMENITIES
1. Main Entrance/Gate
a. Main entrance shall be located preferably on a secondary road and must be designed
swing-in to the school property.
b. Provide separate service entrance for the pupils/students and guests.
c. Main entrance shall provide enough clearance for fire trucks and medical vehicles.
2. Electrical Fixtures
a. Require protective covering for all wirings and fixtures.
b. Install a fire alarm system that is affordable. c. Provide environment friendly fire
extinguishers;
c. Report any defective electrical wiring and fixtures to experts;
d. Hang curtains in the classrooms away from wall-mounted fans.
3. Stairs/Handrails
a. Distance between railings shall not be more than 100 mm (4 inches) so that pupils/students
cannot squeeze through;
b. For abrupt change in floor elevation, provide ramp to avoid freak accidents.
c. To minimize the chance of slipping, avoid smooth or polished steps surfaces and provide
non-slip d. Always provide a landing with railings between a doorway and a stairway.
4. Windows
Windows shall be provided with security grills with emergency exit.
5. Doors/Exits
Classrooms shall always be provided with two swing-out Doors at the opposite sides of the
classroom.

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 6. Walls
Walls shall be smooth finished to prevent injury to highly active, playful and mobile primary
grades pupils.

MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR INSTRUCTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SPACES FOR

PRESCHOOLS, ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS, AND TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
SCHOOLS
1. Classroom - 1. 40 sq. m. per place
2. Science Laboratory - 2.10 sq. m. per place
3. School Shops Practical Arts/Technology/Industrial Arts and Home Economics (EPP-TLE) -
2.50 sq. m. per place Girls Trades/Homemaking - 2.50 sq. m. per place Wood Trades - 5.00 sq. m.
per place Metal Trade - 5.00 sq. m. per place Mechanical Trades - 7.00 sq. m. per place Electrical
Trades - 4.00 sq. m. per place Drafting/Drawing - 2.50 sq. m. per place Farm Mechanics - 5.00 sq. m.
per place 78 Fish Capture/Culture/ - 2.50 sq. m. per place Preservation
4. The Computer Room/ Laboratory 1.40 sq. m. per place The Computer Room/Laboratory is
a special instructional space necessary to meet the current and future demand of modern technology.
The room shall provide at least a minimum space of 1.40 square meter per place and shall
accommodate at least ten (10) networked Personal Computers (PCs) with other necessities and
accessories, such as: Computer tables and chairs Proper electrical wirings and outlets Air
conditioning units 2 window type, preferably 1.5 hp each Windows and doors with iron grills and
locks
5. Library/Learning Resource Center (LRC) 2.40 sq. m. per place The library/LRC shall have
a capacity of 10% of the enrolment at 2.40 sq. m. per place, provided that the total area is not less
than that of a standard classroom. In schools with more than one shift, the basis for computing the
area is the shift with the largest enrolment.
6. Administrative and Service Spaces
Administrative Office - 5.00 sq. m. per place
Medical/Dental Clinic - 28.00 sq. m. gross
Guidance Room - 28.00 sq. m. gross

SANITARY FACILITIES
1. Importance. As the teaching of sanitation and good health habits is an integral part of the
school program, it is important that public schools shall be provided with sanitary facilities that satisfy
sanitary requirements as well as meet educational needs.
2. Toilet Facilities. Every school is required to have toilet facilities within the school premises
preferably with the toilet for boys and that for girls located far apart.
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 The following standards as to number of toilet seats, urinals, and lavatories are suggested:
Boys urinal
1 detached urinal per 50 pupils/students, or 1.00m urinal trough per 100 pupils/students
Boys toilet seat (water closet)
1 seat per 100 pupils/students
1 seat designed for disabled pupils/students (BP 344)
Girls toilet seat (water closet)
1 seat per 50 pupils/students
1 seat designed for disabled pupils/students (BP 344)
Lavatory 1 lavatory to 1 toilet seat

PARKING REQUIREMENTS (ACCDG. TO NATIONAL BUILDING CODE, RULE 7)

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Minimum Requirements for Total
Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL)

According to the Chapter 3 of the Plumbing Code of the Philippines:

Every building where plumbing fixtures are installed shall have a sewer service connection to a
public or private sewer systems. When a Public or Private Sewer is not available for use, excreta
drainage piping from buildings and premises shall be connected to an approved Private Sewage
Disposal System.
Roofs, inner courts, vent shafts, light wells or similar areas having rainwater drains shall
discharge outside of the building or to the gutter, and shall not be connected to the soil and waste
pipe systems.
No excreta plumbing system, storm drainage system, building drain, building sewer, private
sewage disposal system or parts thereof, shall be located in any lot other than the lot where the site
of the building, structure or premises are served by such facilities.
No vent pipe shall be used as a soil or waste pipe, nor shall any soil or waste pipe be used as
a vent. Also, single drainage and venting systems with unvented branch lines are prohibited.
All valves pipes and fittings shall be installed in correct relationship to the direction of flow.
All pipings passing under or through walls shall be protected from breakage with embedded
metal pipe sleeves. All pipes passing through or under cinders or other corrosive materials shall be
protected from external corrosion by encasing same with polyethylene sheath or in other approved

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manner. Approved provisions shall be made for expansions of hot water pipings. Void between pipes
and sleeves through concrete floors in the ground shall be appropriately sealed with bitumen.
The bottom of all pipe trenches deeper than the footing of any adjacent building or structure
and parallel to it must be at least forty-five (45) degrees therefrom. Unless permission is granted by
the Administrative Authority.
No building sewer or other drainage pipings or part thereof, constructed of materials other than
that approved for use under or within the building, shall be installed under or within 0.6 meter of any
building or structure, nor less than 0 3 meter below the finish ground surface.
Tunneling and driving may be done in yard, court or driveway of any building site. Where there
is sufficient depth, tunneling may be used between open cut trench s. Tunnels shall have a clear
height of 0.6 meter above the pipe and hall be limited in length to one-half (1/2) the depth of the
trench, wd. a maximum length of 2.4 meters. When pipe is driven, the drive pole shall be at least one
pipe size larger than the pipe to be laid.
Quality of Fixtures - plumbing fixtures shall be manufactured of dense, durable, non-absorbent
materials and must have smooth impervious surfaces, free from unnecessary concealed fouling
surfaces.
Water closet bowls for public use shall be the elongated bowl types equipped with open-front
seats. Water closet seats shall be of smooth non-absorbent material and properly sized for the water
closet bowl used.
Restaurant kitchen and other special-use sinks may be made of approved-type bonderized
and galvanized sheet steel of not less than Gauge No. 16 U.S. B&S or 1.6 mm thick. All sheet metal
plumbing fixtures shall be adequately designed, constructed and braced in an approved manner to
satisfactorily accomplish the intended purposes.
Use of water closets having invisible seats or unventilated space or having walls, which are not
thoroughly washed out at each discharge, shall be prohibited. Any water closet, which might permit
siphonage of the content of the bowl back into the water tank, shall be prohibited as well as trough
urinals. Drinking fountains shall not he installed inside public toilet rooms.
Fixed wooden, concrete, cement, or tile wash trays or sinks for domestic use shall not be
installed in any building designed for human habitation. No sheet metal lined wooden bathtubs shall
be installed or reconnected. No dry or chemical closet (toilet) shall be installed in any building for
human habitation, unless first approved by the Health Officer or Administrative Authority.
Setting - fixtures shall be set level and in proper alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No
water closet or bidet shall be !1et closer than 0.315 meter from its center to any side wall or
obstruction nor closer than 0.7meter center to center to any similar fixture No urinal shall be set closer
than 0.3 meter from its center to any sidewall or partition nor closer than 0.6 meter center to center.
Each shower receptor shall be an approved type and be constructed to have a finished dam,
curb or threshold which is at least 25.4 mm lower than the outside floor at the sides and back of such
receptor. ln no case shall any dam or threshold be less than 51 mm nor more than 228 mm in depth
when measured from the top of the dam or threshold to the of the drain. The finished floor of the

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receptor shall slope uniformly from the sides towards the drain not less than 2% or 20 mm or more
than 4% or 40 mm/m. Thresholds shall be of sufficient width to accommodate a minimum 559-nun
wide door.
Exception: Special shower compartments for wheelchair use may eliminate the curb or
threshold. The required slope and depth shall but maintained from the door entry to the drain
opening. The minimum distance between the door or entry to the drain opening shalt be 1.2 meters.
All shower compartments, regardless of shape, shall have a minimum finished interior area of
0.6 square meter, and shall also be capable of encompassing a 762 mm diameter circle. The
minimum area and dimensions shall be maintained from a point above the shower drain outlet to a
height of l. 78 meters with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, shower head and
safety grab bars or rails.

According to the Electrical Code of the Philippines:

Appliance receptacle outlets installed in dwelling unit for specific appliances, such as laundry
equipment, shall be installed within 1 800 mm of the intended location of the appliance.
In every kitchen, family room, dining room, living room, parlor, library, den, sunroom, bedroom,
recreation room, or similar room or area of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be installed.
In the kitchen, pantry, breakfast room, dining room, or similar area of a dwelling unit, the two or
more 20-ampere small-appliance branch circuits required by shall serve all wall and floor receptacle
outlets, all countertop outlets and receptacle outlets for refrigeration equipment.
In dwelling units, at least one receptacle outlet shall be installed in bathrooms within 900 mm
of the outside edge of each basin.
In dwelling units, at least one receptacle outlet shall be installed for the laundry.
Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Equipment Outlet. A 125-volt and/or 250 volts,
single-phase, 15- or 20-ampere-rated receptacle outlet shall be installed at an accessible location for
the servicing of heating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration equipment. The receptacle shall be located
on the same level and within 7 600 mm of the heating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration equipment.
The receptacle outlet shall not be connected to the load side of the equipment disconnecting means.
Exception No. 1: In other than bathrooms and kitchens where provided, one or more receptacles
controlled by a wall switch shall be permitted in lieu of lighting outlets.
Exception No. 2: Lighting outlets shall be permitted to be controlled by occupancy sensors that are (1)
in addition to wall switches or (2) located at a customary wall switch location and equipped with a
manual override that will allow the sensor to function as a wall switch

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6
 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

According to the Accessibility Law or BP 344:

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 The length of wheelchairs varies from 1.10 m to 1.30 m.
The width of wheelchairs is from 0.60 m to 0.75 m.
A circle of 1.50 m in diameter is a suitable guide in the planning of wheelchair turning spaces.
The comfortable reach of persons confined to wheelchairs is from 0.70 m to 1.20 m above the
floor and not less than 0.40 m from room corners. The comfortable clearance for knee and leg space
under tables for wheelchair users is 0.70 m.
Counter height shall be placed at a level comfortable to disabled persons' reach.

Architectural facilities and features:

A. Stairs
B. Walkways
C. Corridors
D. Doors and Entrances
E. Washrooms and Toilets
F. Lifts/Elevators
G. Ramps
H. Parking Areas
I. Switches, Controls, Buzzers
J. Handrails
K. Thresholds
L. Floor Finishes
M. Drinking Fountains
N. Public Telephones
O. Seating Accommodations
Handrails shall be installed at 0.90 m and 0.70 m
above steps or ramps. Handrails for protection at great
heights may be installed at 1.0 m to 1.06 m.

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 Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of 1.60 M. and a minimum
height of 1.40 meters.

Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and 0.90 m. from the ramp
level
Doorknobs and other hardware should be located between 0.82m. and 1.06 m. above the
floor; 0.90 is preferred

Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum; whenever necessary, thresholds and sliding door
tracks shall have a maximum height of 25 mm and preferably ramped
Manual switches shall be positioned within 1.20 m to 1.30 m above the floor

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 The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m.; flush control should have a maximum
height of 1.20 mts
Maximum height of lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of 0.60 - 0.70 M. vertical
clearance and a 0.50 m. depth.
Urinals should have an elongated lip or through type; the maximum height of the lip should be
0.48 m.
Elevators. Control panels and emergency system of accessible elevators shall be within reach
of a seated person; centerline heights for the topmost buttons shall be between 0.90 m to 1.20 m
from the floor
According to the Rule XII of NBCP:
General Requirements for Occupant Loads and Exits*

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 Number of Exits. Every building or usable portion thereof shall have at least one (1) exit.
In all occupancies, floors above the first storey having an occupant load of more than ten
(10) shall not have less than two (2) exits. Each mezzanine floor used for other than
storage purposes, if greater in area than 185 sq. meters or more than 18.00 meters in any
dimension, shall have at least two (2) stairways to an adjacent floor. Every storey or portion
thereof, having an occupant load of 500 to 999 shall have at least three (3) exits. Every
storey or portion thereof having an occupant load of one thousand (1000) or more shall
have at least four (4) exits.
o The number of exits required from any storey of a building shall be determined by
using the occupant loads of floors which exit through the level under consideration
as follows: 50% of the occupant load in the first adjacent storey above (and the first
adjacent storey below, when a storey below exits through the level under
consideration) and 25% of the occupant load in the storey immediately beyond the
first adjacent storey.
Width. The total width of exits in meters shall not be less than the total occupant load
served divided by one hundred sixty five (165).
Arrangement of Exits. If only two (2) exits are required, they shall be placed a distance
apart to not less than one-fifth (1/5) of the perimeter of the area served measured in a
straight line between exits. Where three (3) or more exits are required, they shall be
arranged a reasonable distance apart so that if one becomes blocked, the others will be
available.
Distance to Exits. No point in a building without a sprinkler system shall be more than
45.00 meters from an exterior exit door, a horizontal exit, exit passageway, or an enclosed
stairway, measured along the line of travel. In a building equipped with a complete
automatic fire extinguishing system, the distance from exits may be increased to 60.00
meters.
Width and Height. Every required exit doorway shall be of a size as to permit the
installation of a door not less than 900 millimeters in width and not less than 2.00 meters in
height

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 References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_exhibition
http://www.thegreenbook.com/types-of-exhibitions.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Architects_of_the_Philippines_Student_Auxiliary
https://www.facebook.com/piidsab/about/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staffroom
http://www.hpw.qld.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/OAMFFitoutStandards.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library

National Building Code of the Philippines

Plumbing Code of the Philippines
Electrical Code of the Philippines
Hotel Code of the Philippines
Accessibility Law

Neufert.pdf
Time-Savers Building Types
Architects Data
The Metric Handbook