Lab and Zoo Animal

Management

Dr. Arbab Sikandar

Bases of Animal Selection
Usual selection based on
Type or individuality
Pedigree
Show-ring winnings
Production testing
Laboratory Animal based on
Type of research
Mode of experiment
Based on project facility
Bases of Selection
Type or individuality
Selecting those animals that most closely
approach an ideal perfection, and culling out
those that fall short.
Pedigree
Used the most purebred and based on
performance of ancestors
Bases of Selection
Show ring winnings
The animals that have placed well in shows
Production
Based on economy such as body type,
performance and feed utilization
Bases of Lab Animal Selection
Based on research type that either the animal
is suitable for the specific research
Based on mode of experimentation like
collection of blood, fecal and tissue sample
ect. and frequency of sampling
Based on individual and local needs,
research objectives, test methods, the
existence of national monitoring regulations
for sera and vaccines.
Health Management (units)
One or more rooms within which personnel,
equipment and animals move freely
A group of microisolation cages--- animal
contacts allowing the horizontal transmission.
A single cage (e.g. an individually ventilated
cage handled in a flow cabinet and
maintained strict hygienic measures).
Health Management (units)
The immune status and number of animals in
the unit(s),
The frequency of monitoring,
Which animals and sample(s) are to be
collected,
The test and detection methods, and the
health history of the unit.
Health Management (risk)
Frequent introduction of animals (e.g. >1per
month).
Movement of animals out of the unit for
manipulation and subsequent return.
Access of insects, wild rodents to animal
rooms or feed and bedding storage.
Frequent entry of research personnel into the
unit (in addition to animal care staff).
Frequent turnover of animal care personnel
working in the unit.
Shared equipment
Health Monitoring Reports (info.)
Unit name.
Identification of all species in the unit (where
multiple species are reared in the same).
Date of the latest investigation and report.
Test method.
Results of the latest investigation (number of
+ve animals/number of animals examined).
Pathological changes should be listed
separately for each species and strain/stock.
Maintenance of Feed Quality
Quality factors include nutrient content and
palatability (the animal accept the feed).

Improper handling will reduce the feed

quality.
Digestion
Monogastric (simple stomach)
Canine and Feline
Avain (poultry) Gizard
Chicken, Turkey, Duck
Polygastric (ruminants)
Cow, Sheep, Goat
Pseudo-ruminants (cecum)
Horse, Rabbits
Feeding Goals
Maintenance
Growth
Finishing
Reproduction
Nutritive Needs
Energy
Carbohydrates, Fats
Protein
Mineral
Macro
Salt, Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Potassium,
Sulfur
Micro
Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Fluorine, Iodine, Iron,
Manganese etc
Vitamin
Most Important
WATER
Lab Establishment for Animals
Plan at least 1-year ahead.
Select the right animal species and best
available husbandry practices.
Animals have timely access to equipment
which is in good working order
Use existing resources whenever possible
(fences, water, food)
A good fence will help to keep predators out
and your animals in.
Display its identity
Facility Requirements
Things to think about
Water
Air/Ventilation
Space Requirements
Shelter
Food Storage Losses
Stored outside and uncovered
Stacked in contact with the ground and wet
area
Poorly packed and holes in plastic bags
Evaluating Feed Quality
Color
Foreign Material
Odor and Condition
Animal Health and Disease
Prevention
Signs of Good Health
Contentment
Alertness
Eating
Sleek Coat
Bright eyes
Normal feces and urine
Normal temperature, pulse and breathing
Health Considerations
Infectious
Communicability or Contagiousness
Parasites
Poisonous plants
Livestock species
Etc.
First Aid Kit
Gauze pads Thermometer
Cotton Roll Gloves
Adhesive Wrap Stethoscope
Sharp Scissors Syringe
Flashlight
Thank You!

See you next week

References
Lab Anim 2014 48: 178 originally published
online 4 February 2014
Internet and book sources