CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION, OVERVIEW AND OBJECTIVE

Automatic multi direction cutting saw is a type of an electric motor operated
Cutting saw designed to keeping in the mind that to reduce the human effort
And reduce the time period of cutting while there are No of operations are to
Performed in limited time. This is made by certain things let me explain exact
One by one, main input is the turning moment which we get from the electric
Motor Turning moment is transferred to disc which start rotating by 360.The
Disc is having a turning pair the joints in turning pair will vary according
To need For example if We want the cutting in along two axis the joint is
Binary joint if three then it will be a tertiary. So the next thing is that pair
Will connect the disc and the connecting rod the trailing edge of
connecting rod will make the kinematic pair with the hacksaw and the
same construction is get revised for the no of direction as we want to the
Cutting operation . In the beginning we thought that to use of the four
Different turning pair for four constrained operation but after the
fabrication of project we got realized that all four links will get redundant
While operating in four direction from four different turning pair. So we
Make a correction that and start operating the same mechanism from a
Single Revolute joint.

The operating mechanism is very simple this will work like piston cylinder
arrangement in IC Engine, same like piston hacksaw will move And disc
will rotate like a crank taking input turning moment from the Electric
motor One drawback is that the size is somewhat larger so for Practical

1
use the workplace must be designed according to the need of The
product.

For making the frame we just use the strips of mild steel and taking the
dimension we make the arc welding joint according to our need after this
just fabricated all the component and finally got the assembled product.

2
 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
There are lots of option available for peoples to perform an cutting
Operation that was made for the operating by hand.

As Time passes there are some electrically operated machined Also came
in to the picture and they reduced the human effort but Still one bigger
problem for the cutting of multi no of items in a Limited time period so
we start thinking about that and got that in Multi cylinder engine there
are no of cylinders there always at a time At least one power stroke will
exist. By this we got thinking to make the Automatic multi direction
cutting saw and focused mainly on to prevent The material wastages
which will occurs generally because of speed variation in the cutting
strokes so keeping this in mind we designed a Hacksaw whose output can
also be in predictable manner.

3
 CHAPTER 3
PROBLEM DEFINITION

In the industrial areas where lot of raw materials or the component of the
materials needs to be cutted out in an average as well as the efficient time manner
we need some machine which can be performed the smooth cutting as well as the
cutting within the time period which during the due date of customer by keeping
this mind we designed the automatic multi direction cutting saw.

The cost of the machine is very accurate Rs 2100 so every one can afford it and
use for their daily life also. This can be used for the cutting of polymer
components Eg. pipes etc and material component as well as the wood component
so mainly useful for industry purpose but everyone can use it at homes also.

During the construction of building dams bridges the material rod are used to
stand the beams columns so we have cut lot of material in limited time so we can
use there.

During the fabrication of the connecting to rod we got that if we place four turning
pair from four different place then the all the link get redundant so we change the
fabrication and make a quaternary joint to make the relative motion constrained
and predictable in nature

4
 CHAPTER 4
METHODOLOGY

The following procedure has been done during the design and fabrication stage:
1. Identify problems and requirements
2. Design
3. Drawing
4. Selection of suitable materials
5. Fabrication and assembly
6. Presentation and report

Fig . 4.1 Methodology of Fabrication

5
 CHAPTER 5
COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS
5.1 AC MOTOR
The AC motor which we used is the 1.12 HP sewing machine motor with speed
control whose rpm is defined as the 6000 rpm at no load condition we thought
that by applying the load on motor it will provide the rpm around 500 which is
suitable rpm for the our machine this motor will provide different rpm by the
help of speed .

Fig . 5.1 AC Motor of 1.2 HP

6
5.2 HACKSAW

They are normally hand operated Hacksaw in which by the arc welding method
we just made bolted joint to connect the hack saw with the connecting rod like a
turning pair to have the relative motion between the connecting rod and the
hacksaw like a slider .they are mounted over the frame to have the relative motion
between them here frame act like a fixed link in mechanism

Figure No. 5.2 Hacksaw

7
5.3 Disc

Disc is the rotating element which is directly mounted in motor it will rotate
with the rotation of the motor one turning pair is made with the connecting rod
and the disc so the relative motion between the disc and the disc and connecting
rod
5.4 FRAME
Frame is the made of metal strips it provide the support of the motors as well as
the cutting saws having relative motion with the frame they slides over the frame
so that they can cut the material frame is made of mild steel strips it also helps to
reduce the vibration produces during the cutting of the material because one side
of the hacksaw is restricted due to frame.

5.5 BOLTED JOINT

Bolted joints are one of the most common elements in construction and machine
design. They consist of fasteners that capture and join other parts, and are
secured with the mating of screw threads.

Fig. 5.3 Bolted Joint

There are two main types of bolted joint designs: tension joints
and shear joints.
In the tension joint, the bolt and clamped components of the joint are
designed to transfer an applied tension load through the joint by way of

8
the clamped components by the design of a proper balance of joint and.
bolt stiffness.
The second type of bolted joint transfers the applied load in shear of the bolt shank
and relies on the shear strength of the bolt. of the bolt shank and relies on the
shear strength of the bolt. Tension loads on such a joint are only incidental. A
preload is still applied but consideration of joint flexibility is not as critical as in
the case where loads are transmitted through the joint in tension.

9
 CHAPTER 6
SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM
6.1 MECHANISM
It is just working with the help of slider crank mechanism in which
there are for each direction one crank one connecting rod and one slider.
When crank rotate 180 saw makes a forward strokes and a next 180 it
will make the backword strokes. Same process will happen for all the
direction which we need. Transmission angle varies from 0 to maximum
which will possible. Velocity and acceleration of hacksaw can be easily
calculated by the simple kinematic analysis of slider crank mechanism.

Fig. 6.1 Slider crank Mechanism

6.2 FABRICATION
Machine fabrication is a value added process that involves the construction of
machines and structures from various raw materials. The process of fabrication
started in the machine shop on the basis of engineering drawings and the
availabilities of the shop with respect to machining ( facing, drilling, knurling,
plain and step turning, welding, etc ).
Metal fabrication jobs usually starts with drawings including precise
measurements then, to the fabrication stage and finally to the assembly the
project.
The following steps were followed in fabricating this project:
Stage 1: Cost Estimation
Stage 2: Materials selection

10
Stage 3: Fabrication of individual parts
Stage 4: Final Assembly

11
 CHAPTER 7

ASSEMBLY OF COMPONENTS
Assembly of components is the process of combining the part or subassemblies
to form the final product. Individual parts or subassemblies act as a single unit.
For example, a single-part base plate and a multipart air cylinder subassembly are
both components when placed in an assembly.
The behaviour and characteristics of a component depend on how it was created.
The principles of assembly are as follows :

Place the tools and the men in the sequence of the operation so that each
component part shall travel the least possible distance while in the process
of finishing.
Use work slides or some other form of carrier so that when a workman
completes his operation, he drops the part always in the same placewhich
place must always be the most convenient place to his handand if
possible have gravity carry the part to the next workman for his own.

Use sliding assembling lines by which the parts to be assembled are

delivered at convenient distances.

Fig. 7.1 Assembled machine

12
Figure no. 7.2 Cad Model

Table no. 7.3 Material specification

13
 CHAPTER 8
CALCULATION

Stoke length of cutter-

= (( 2 (sin )2 )+(1 cos )) mm .(i)

where x indicates the stroke length of cutting

1) n=(l/r) ..(ii)

2) where l indicates length of connecting rod in mm

3) r is the radial distance between the centre of rotation to the point at which
the connecting rod is hinged

4) indicates the angle turned by the disc from inner dead centre to at
instantaneous position

5) is angular velocity of disc

Velocity of cutting at an instant-

v=r((sin 2/2) + sin ) mm/s .(iii)

Stroke length at angle 300=((3.6-(12.96 0.0625))+(1 0.866))

= 17.83mm
Velocity at angle-300 = 125*52.33(0.033+0.5)=3486.4 mm/s

Maximum angle turned by line joining of centre to the hinged of

connecting rod by inner dead centre is 180.

Acceleration of cutter-

a=r2((cos2/n)+cos) mm/s2 .(iv)

T=I Nm (v)
14
Turning moment of the disc-

Where I is the mass moment of inertia of the disc in kgm2

And is the angular acceleration of the motor red/s2

I=mk2

Where k is the radius of gyration in m

Power transmitted by motor-

P=2NT/60 watt

SPECIFICATIONS-

Diameter of disc = 300 mm

Shaft inserting diameter =30mm

Length of connecting rod (l =450mm)

Number of turning pair=8

Number of sliding pair=4

Fixed link in mechanism is frame

Distance between centre of ration to the hinged point of connecting rod

is (r= 125mm).

A.C. Motor Below 1.12 H. P

15
 CHAPTER 10
ESTIMATED COST

SL. No. Part name Quantity Cost of

component

1 Rotating disk 1 Rs. 300

2 Connecting rod 4 Rs. 200

3 Cutting saw 4 Rs. 400

4 AC motor 1 Rs. 899

Total cost Rs .1799

TABLE NO. 8.1 COST ESTIMATED

16
 CONCLUSION
During the fabrication of the connecting to rod we got that if we place four turning
pair from four different place then the all the link get redundant so we change the
fabrication and make a quaternary joint to make the relative motion constrained
and predictable in nature

Thus the design and fabrication of Automatic Multi direction cutting

saw has done successfully under the guidance of Mr D. Rajesh .

17
 REFERENCES

Theory of machines by S S rattan

J.B.K. Das, Dr. P.L. Srinivasa Murthy Design of Machine Elements

II, Feb 2013 Edition
Michael R. Lindeburg, Mechanical Engineering Manual for sprocket and
pinion, 2013.

18