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LEORA vs GEROA
Losing Electrons = Oxidation-
Reducing Agent.
Gaining Electrons = Reduction
Oxidizing Agent.
Oxidation State
ACIDIC
- Number of electrons that an atom loses,
gains or appears to use when joining with - Oxygen deficient side:
other atom in compounds Add 1 mole H2O, then add 2 moles
H+ to the other side.
Rules for assigning oxidation states:
- Hydrogen deficient side:
o Total oxidation state: Add 1 mole H+.
Neutral species > 0
BASIC
Ion > ion charge (Law of
Conservation of Charge) - Oxygen deficient side:
o Individual atom/free element > 0 Add 2 moles OH-, then add 1 mole
o In compounds: H2O to the other side.
Group I metals(Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, - Hydrogen deficient side:
Fr) > +1 Add 1 mole H2O, then add 1 mole
H (except in hydrides = -1) > +1 OH- to the other side.
Group II metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba,
Ra) > +2
B, Al > +3
REDOX 1
Post-Lab:
Activity of Metals
Bubbles
REDOX 2
Activity of Non-metals
Cl- (aq) colorless
I2, Br2, Cl2
Br- (aq) yellow
I-, Br-, Cl-
I- (aq) pink
Cl2 (org) colorless
Br2 (org) yellow
I2 (org) pink
Cl2 + 2Br- -> 2Cl- + Br2 Aq: colorless Cl2 > Br2
Org: pink
Org: pink
Org: pink
Org: pink
REDOX 3
Reaction of SO32- and MnO4- in different media
1. Na2SO3 + KMnO4
Neutral formation of brown precipitate
H2O + 2MnO4- + 3SO32- -> 3SO42 + 2MnO2 + 2OH-
2. Na2SO3 + H2SO4 + excess acid + KMnO4
Acidic colorless solution
6H+ + 2MnO4- + 5SO32- -> 5SO42 + 2Mn2+ + 3H2O
3. Na2SO3 + NaOH + excess base + KMnO4
Basic green solution
2OH- + 2MnO4- + SO32- -> SO42 + 2MnO42- + H2O
REDOX 4