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ABSTRACT:
Power House is one of the important component of hydro power projects. These comprises of surface, semi
underground and underground. The current power house which we are analysing now is an underground
power house of SAINJ hydro electric-project which is located on the Sainj River which is a tributary of Beas
River near village Niharni in Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. This study gives a brief idea of
methodology in analysing and designing of the power house when undergone different types of loading
conditions. The critical positions, combinations and applications of loads at required particular locations in it
has been highlighted which was found out after extensive study of the behaviour of structure for all possible
loading cases using STAAD.Pro. This helps in the comparison of final analysed results of any other similar
(geometry, geological location) projects of power houses and get an idea about the obtained results in the
future.
KEYWORDS:
Hydro electric project (H.E.P), STAAD.Pro, Power house, Analysis, Design, Critical combinations,
Recommendations.
I. INTRODUCTION:
The power house complex has installed two units of 50 MW each. The two separate Frame structure
separated by EJ of plan dimensions of 18m long x 16m wide & 19m long x 16m wide as shown in Fig.1 are
proposed to accommodate two units. The power house complex two units are separated by 25mm
expansion joint (EJ) with each other and also with erection bay & control block at the interface by 25mm EJ.
The power house complex frame structure is constructed in two stages. In the first stage only the side
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column (main crane column) and crane beam along with intermediated tie beam will be constructed, while
in the second stage floor slabs, connecting beam, and some additional column will be constructed.
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FIG 2: Isometric view of the single unit of power house
IV. SCOPE:
The scope of the present report is limited to the below
Structural analysis and design of concrete elements (crane column & crane beam)
Structural analysis and design of plate elements (floor slabs)
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To check whether the deformation behaviour of frame structure are within allowable range
(expansion joint limit).
To check whether the maximum foundation stresses are within the limit of safe bearing capacity.
V. MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Concrete of grade : M30 / M25
Unit weight : 24 kN/m3
Poissons ratio : 0.17
Youngs modulus : 5000fck
Safe bearing capacity of rock (assumed) : 150 T/m2
Characteristic strength of steel (fy) : 500 N/mm2
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VII. DEISGN LOADS & COMBINATION:
1. DEAD LOAD:
Dead load of unit weight of RCC as 25 kN/m3 is assumed.
2. CRANE LOAD:
The load considered for EOT crane mounted at the top of the beam are following
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Transverse force due to breaking CT movement (Per wheel) 24 kN
Floor load at EL. 1347.80 (Operating Floor) 15 kPa
Floor load (each) at EL. 1343.43 & at EL.1339.75 15 kPa
3. EARTHQUAKE LOAD:
Response spectrum of IS: 1893-2002 has been used for seismic analysis. It is assumed that the construction
site falls in Zone IV of earthquake zoning map of ref [2]. As per Ref. [2], the horizontal peak ground
accelerations for Zone IV (Z) is 0.24g. Further 50% reduction in horizontal spectral acceleration has been
assumed, since the structure is underground with hard rock strata.
Vertical seismic coefficient is taken as 2/3 of horizontal acceleration (Ref. [2]). The Importance factor (I),
reduction factor (R) are taken 1.5 & 5 respectively. Further 5% damping is assumed in the structure.
4. LOAD COMBINATIONS:
Following loading combinations have been considered in the analysis of power house complex for both
models.
Self-weight of structure + Crane Load (static load).
Self-weight of structure + Crane Load (dynamic load).
Self-weight of structure + 50% Crane Static (Parked crane Load) + Earthquake load (100 % x
direction + 30% z direction).
Self-weight of structure + 50% Crane Static (Parked crane Load) + Earthquake load (100 % z
direction + 30% x direction).
5. METHODOLOGY:
The methodology adopted in the analysis and design of all the structural components of the structure has
been explained individually as shown below.
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weight is applied as line load of 3 kN/m. The crane beam is connected integrally with crane columns.
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5.3.1 DESIGN CRITERIA:
Intermediate floor beams will be designed for the load combination mentioned in sec 4, where full crane &
floor load as mentioned in sec 2.1.2 will be considered for structural design. The second stage concrete
model is considered for the structural design of intermediate floor beam to calculate the reinforcement in
the beam so as to leave sufficient dowel reinforcement at Crane column interface.
6. RESULTS
Structural analysis (magnitudes) of individual members are mentioned as below:
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Table 1b
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Table 3b: Summary of Design Forces in floor-Beams at EL. 1343.40
Design Moments & Shear for Floor Beam at EL Bottom
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6.5 Results for Intermediate Columns:
Results of the Design moments and Shear for the intermediate column are presented below in Table 5.
7. FLOOR SLABS:
7.1 DESIGN CRITERIA:
The model of the structure has been made by using STAAD Software using plate &Member elements. The
sketch in figure 2 gives the brief overview of the STAAD.Pro. model. Floor slab is modelled as Elastic mat
foundation feature in STAAD.Pro. Structural design of Floor slab will be done for the maximum bending
moments (Mx & My). Design has been carried out as per limit state design approach. The reinforcement
provided has been as per the design calculation, but not less than the nominal reinforcement for each
structural member.
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7.3 SLAB ANALYSIS RESULTS:
The moments obtained in the slabs at each elevation of the power house has been tabulated as shown in
table 7 below:
Table 7: Moments in Floor Slabs
SPAN EL.1339.75m EL.1343.43m EL.1347.80m
End-span negative moment
52 75 75
(kNm/m)
Mid-span positive moment
39 56 56
(kNm/m)
NOTE:
Components are designed accordingly by the obtained magnitudes of analysis results with the help of
spread sheets and sufficient reinforcement is provided and mentioned in the detailing drawings for
execution in the site for future reference and usage.
8. CONCLUSIONS:
Based on the analysis following conclusions can be made:
The proposed reinforcement for various concrete elements is designed for most critical load
combinations.
Continuous raft is provided at the crane column footings.
The maximum vertical deflection in the crane beam (10 m span beam centre to centre) is of 8.2mm
for the critical load combination.
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The maximum horizontal deflection in the frame structure (first stage model) is of 12.5 mm for the
critical load combination, which is under allowable limit of 25mm Expansion joint.
The bending moments developed at crane column footing are not significant, therefore Nominal
reinforcement of 20mm dia at 250mm spacing c/c is provided.
9. SOFTWARE USED:
o STAAD.Pro
o Microsoft Excel
10. CODES:
IS 456:2000 ( PLAIN AND REINFORCED - CODE OF PRACTICE )
IS 1893:2002 (CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN OF STRUCTURES)
IS13920 (DUCTILE DETAILING OF RCC STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO SEISMIC FORCES
)
SP 16 CHART ( DESIGN AIDS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE TO IS 456 )
IS 4247 PART 1 (STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SURFACE ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS
DATA FOR DESIGN )
IS 4247 PART 2 (STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SURFACE ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS
SUPER STRUCTURE )
IS 4247 PART 3 (STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SURFACE ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS
SUB STRUCTURE
11. REFERENCES:
a) Brown, Gutherie, Hydro Electric Engineering Practice, Blackie & Sons Ltd., London.
b) Dandekar M.M, Sharma K.N, Water Power Engineering, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
c) IS 9761: 1995 Hydropower Intakes-criteria for Hydraulic Design.
d) Varshney R.S. Hydro-Power Structures, Nem Chand & Bros, Roorkee.
e) Creager, W.P and Justin J.D, Hydro Electric Hand Book, John Wiley & Sons.
f) J.Chen,Z.Zhang, and M.Xiao, Seismic response analysis of surrounding rock of underground
powerhouse caverns under obliquely incident seismic waves, Disaster Advances, vol.5, no.4, pp. 1160-
1166, 2012.
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