Assignment NCM 101- Developmental Tasks
OCHEA, NIKKI ANN C. BSN 2-B
Age Group Theorists
Infants (birth to 1 Freud’s Psychosexual
Development Theory.
year)
Erikson’s Stage of
Psychosocial Development
Theory.
Havighurst’s Developmental
Stage and Tasks
Piaget’s Phass of Cognitive
Development.
Toddlers (1 to 3 Freud’s Psychosexual
years) Development Theory.
Erikson’s Stage of
Developmental Tasks
Oral- Center of pleasure: mouth (major source of gratification & exploration)
Primary need: Security
Major conflict: weaning
Infancy- Learn to mistrust others.
Mistrust, withdrawal, estrangement.
- eat solid foods
- walk
- talk
- control elimination of wastes
- relate emotionally to others
- distinguish right from wrong through development of a conscience
- learn sex differences and sexual modesty
- achieve personal independence
- form simple concepts of social & physical reality
Sensorimotor- Sensory organs & muscles become more functional
Movements are primarily reflexive
Perceptions center around one’s body.
Objects are perceived as extensions of the self.
Becomes aware of external environment.
Initiates acts to change the movement.
Anal- Source of pleasure: anus & bladder (sensual satisfaction & self-control)
Major conflict: toilet training
Infancy- Learn to mistrust others.

Psychosocial Development
Theory.
Piaget’s Phass of Cognitive
Development.
Preschoolers (3 to Freud’s Psychosexual
6 years) Development Theory.
Erickson’s Stage of
Psychosocial Development
Theory.
Havighurst’s Developmental
Stage and Tasks
Assignment NCM 101- Developmental Tasks
OCHEA, NIKKI ANN C. BSN 2-B
Mistrust, withdrawal, estrangement.
Differentiates goals and goal-directed activities.
Experiments with methods to reach goals.
Develops rituals that become significant.
Uses mental imagery to understand the environment.
Uses fantasy.
Thinking tends to be egocentric.
Exhibits use of symbolism.
Phallic- Center of pleasure: child’s genital (masturbation)
Major conflict: Oedipus & Electra Complex
Initiative vs. Guilt- Learns to become assertive. Lack of self confidence.
Abiity to cooperate one’s own behavior. Pessimism, fear of wrongdoing.
Over Control & over restriction.
middle childhood
- learn physical skills, required for games
- build healthy attitudes towards oneself
- learn to socialize with peers
- learn appropriate masculine or feminine role
- gain basic reading, writing & mathematical skills
- develop concepts necessary for everyday living
- formulate a conscience based on a value system
- achieve personal independence
- develop attitudes toward social groups & institutions

Piaget’s Phass of Cognitive
Development.
School-Age (7 to Freud’s Psychosexual
12 years) Development Theory.
Erickson’s Stage of
Psychosocial Development
Theory.
Havighurst’s Developmental
Stage and Tasks
Piaget’s Phass of Cognitive
Development.
Adolescence (12 to Freud’s Psychosexual
20 years)
Development Theory.
Erickson’s Stage of
Assignment NCM 101- Developmental Tasks
OCHEA, NIKKI ANN C. BSN 2-B
Unable to break down a whole into separate parts.
Able to classify objects according to one trait.
Latency- Energy directed to physical & intellectual activities
Sexual impulses repressed
Relationship between peers of same sex
Industry vs. Inferiority- Learns to create, develop & manipulate. Loss of hope, sense of being mediocre.
Develop sense of competence & perseverance.
Withdrawal from school & peers.
Middle childhood.
- learn physical skills, required for games
- build healthy attitudes towards oneself
- learn to socialize with peers
- learn appropriate masculine or feminine role
- gain basic reading, writing & mathematical skills
- develop concepts necessary for everyday living
- formulate a conscience based on a value system
- achieve personal independence
- develop attitudes toward social groups & institutions
Concrete Operations- Learns to reason about events in the here-and-now.
Formal Operations (11 +) - Able to see relationships and to reason in the abstract.
Genital- Energy directed towards full sexual maturity & function & development of skills to cope with
the environment.
Indentity vs. Role Confusion- Coherent sense of self. Feelins of confusion, indecisiveness & possible
 Assignment NCM 101- Developmental Tasks
OCHEA, NIKKI ANN C. BSN 2-B

Psychosocial Development anti-social behavior.

Theory. Plans to actualize one’s abilities.

- establish more mature relationships with same-age individuals of both sexes

Havighurst’s Developmental - achieve a masculine or feminine social role
Stage and Tasks - accept own body
- establish emotional independence from parents
- achieve assurance of economic independence
- prepare for an occupation
- prepare for marriage & establishment of a family
- acquire skills necessary to fulfill civic responsibilities
- develop a set of values that guides behavior

Adults Freud’s Psychosexual Genital- Energy directed towards full sexual maturity& function & development of skills to cope with
Development Theory. the environment.
Erickson’s Stage of Intimacy vs. Isolation- Intimate relationship with another person. Impersonal relationships.
Psychosocial Development Commitment to work and relationships. Avoidance of relationship, career or lifestyle commitments.
Theory. generative vs. stagnation- Creativity, productivity, concern for others. Self-indulgence, self-concern, lack
of interests & commitments.

- select a partner
- learn to live with a partner
- start a family
Havighurst’s Developmental - manage a home
Stage and Tasks - establish self in a career/occupation
- assume civic responsibilities
- become part of a social group
 Assignment NCM 101- Developmental Tasks
OCHEA, NIKKI ANN C. BSN 2-B
- - fulfill civic & social responsibilities
- maintain an economic standard of living
- assist adolescent children to become responsible, happy adults
- relate one’s partner
- adjust to physiological changes