Psychological development in childhood takes

place during five psychosexual stages: oral, anal,

phallic, latency, and genital.

-SIGMUND FREUD

Construction of child’s mental model, thinking

developed as they interacted with the world

around them.

-JEAN PIAGET

Eight stages of psychosocial development from

infancy to adulthood; a theory of psychosocial

crisis during the personality development of human

-ERIK ERIKSON

A theory of three moral development;

preconventional(following parents' rules);

conventional(practicing parents' rules);

postconventional(making choices and taking

responsibility of their actions)

-LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
 PEDIATRIC
E F F E C T I VGROWTH
E WAYS
O F SAND
TUDYING
BDEVELOPMENT
EFORE EXAMS
TODDLER (15 MOS- 2YRS)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Fine motor: Develops and imitate hand-finger
coordination .
Gross motor: Starts to play. run, jump and hop.
Language: Uses 2 words into short sentences.
Play: Start to play alongside or near others
Emotional/Cognitive: : Continues to advance
their skills in observing and interacting with the
world around them
Moral/Spiritual: Often rash,act before thinking
understand the concept of okay and not okay
and start to show shame and guilt if do wrong.
Nutrtition: Identifying major health concerns,
promote child safety and prevent injury.
SCHOOL-AGE(6-12YRS)
Industry vs Inferiority
Fine motor: reads for practical
information or own enjoyment.
Gross motor: increase 2 cm per year,
height and weight continues. remainder
teeth will erupt.
Language: three commands in quick
succession, defines common objects and
says which is pretty and which is ugly,
describes objects in a picture.
Play: can read clock or watch, mechanical
in reading and has collection of drawings.
Emotional/Cognitive: likes reward
system; interested in boy-girl
relationships.
Moral/Spiritual: Afraid of failing a grade
and is ashamed of bad grades, more
critical of self.
Nutrition: Ask guidance to health
providers, provide immunizations.
FABON AGGIEM | HANANI FATIMA
INFANT (0-12 MONTHS)
TRUST VS MISTRUST
Fine motor: Grasps reflex are strong.
are able to hold.
Gross motor: Can move and balance.
Language: Mimic and can respond to simple
questions.
Play: Develops skills. Understand and
communicating, thinking, imagine.
Emotional/Cognitive: Express emotions,
develops personality
Moral/Spiritual: Explore. know the right and
wrong, imitate feelings.
Nutrition: Ask guidance to health providers,
provide immunizations.
PRE-SCHOOLER (3-5YRS)
Initiative vs. Guilt
Fine motor: Can draw and name and remember
and tie a shoes
Gross motor: Can climb and develop upper body
mobility and improve speed and accuracy.
Language: Experienced and complex and
becomes major mode of social interaction.
Play: Enjoys group play in similar or identical
activities without rules.
Emotional/Cognitive: Ability to remember things,
and expressing their emotions to fit social
situations.
Moral/Spiritual: Begin to develop their own ideas
of right and wrong, follow rules and understand of
feelings and rights
Nutrition: Provide anticipatory guidance- care of
families,prevent injury, advice parents for the
nutrition of the child, and brief parents about the
child’s anticipated activities
ADOLESCENCE(11-17YRS)
Relax and take the exam.
Physical: Develops mental capability, sex
characteristic, Physically mature, growth
decelerating in girls, structure and
reproductive growth almost complete.
Cognition: Modifies body image, very self-
centered and tendency toward inner
experience and self-discovery
Emotional: Behavioral standards set by
peers, ability to attract opposite sex.
Emotional and physical separation from
parents.
Moral/Spiritual: exploration of “self appeal”
and feeling of “being in love,” tentative
establishment of relationships.
Nutrition: Follow Myplate food guide,
health teaching.
BSN II - E
REFERENCES
REFERENCES:

HTTPS://COURSES.LUMENLEARNING.COM/BOUNDLESS-
PSYCHOLOGY/CHAPTER/THEORIES-OF-HUMAN-DEVELOPMENT/
THEORIES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, LUMEN, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HTTPS://COURSES.LUMENLEARNING.COM/BOUNDLESS-
PSYCHOLOGY/CHAPTER/INFANCY-AND-CHILDHOOD/
INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD, LUMEN, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HTTPS://COURSES.LUMENLEARNING.COM/BOUNDLESS-
PSYCHOLOGY/CHAPTER/ADOLESCENCE/
ADOLESCENCE, LUMEN, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HTTPS://COURSES.LUMENLEARNING.COM/BOUNDLESS-PSYCHOLOGY/CHAPTER/EARLY-
AND-MIDDLE-ADULTHOOD/
EARLY AND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD, LUMEN, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
CHILD & ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT: OVERVIEW
MAJOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT
THEORIES AND THEORISTS, ANGELA OSWALT, MSW, GULF BEND CENTER