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AMB Japanese Verbs PDF
AMB Japanese Verbs PDF
endings
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examples
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Dictionary or Plain Form Conjunctive form Imperative form
(non-past: habitual or future) stem (Connective, Adverbial, Imp.)
(Sentence Joining)
(negative -adj.)
(negative imperative) (without ~ing)
(desire -adj.) (neg. form) (volitional / tentative / presumptive) (benefit being given or received)
(desire vb) (neg. form) (continuing change of state)
Nominalization (strong neg. desire) (neg. cond.) (continuous/habitual action)
(forming noun-phrases or gerunds) (preparatory action)
(while ~ing) (neg. vol.) (completed action)
(emphatic/informal) *
(tends to ~) (I'm glad that ~)
(abstract) (way of ~ing) (don't have to ~ informal)
(try ~ and see)
(use by default)
(it looks like ~)
Formal Informal (favour request)
(yakuza super rude) Compulsion must ~ (changed state)
(able to do ~ing) (difficult to ~) ... (after ~ing ...)
(easy to ~) Obligation must/have to ~ (state change)
}
(too much) Conditional Idiom **
(occasional occurrence) (conditional)
[verb of motion] (go & do) ** (must not ~)
speaker's non-speaker's
(I wish that ~)
(to decide to ~) (negative old) (potential) (suggestive)
[verb] (compound verb) (permissive)
[noun] (e.g. ) (without ~ing formal) * *
(as a result) ( when spoken) (permissive)
(noun from verb target) (even if ~)
... (before ~ing ) Polite (passive / honorific)
*new verb ( )
(apologetic)
(non past) * * * vb. In speech: **polite version:
(as soon as)
(negative)
or
or
(causative)
(without intent)
(past) * * Honorific Verb Form
(idealistic should) (past neg.) ( ** alternative) (alternative **)
(formal neg. volitional)
(volitional) (causative passive) [ ] vb.
(it seems that ~) (connective rare) * * [ ] hon.irreg.vb.
(I've heard that ~) (conditional rare) ( * alternative) (alternative not used)
(apparently -adj.) Humble Verb Form
(imperative) *new verbs **new verbs
[ ] irreg.
= / / /
Alternative English names for verb types:
vbs: one-row, group II, type , vowel-stem
vbs: five-row, group I, type , consonant-stem
Imperative There are no verbs in modern Japanese ending with
, , or . Only ends with .
(imperative) form
Past (action completion)
(reason for next clause)
- AERON BUCHANAN'S
repeated
(~ etc. / opposites
(If/When ~, ...)
)
AERON BUCHANAN'S
or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_verb_conjugations_and_adjective_declensions