Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 7
Transmission Media
Based on Based on
7.1 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.2 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
Based on Based on
7.3 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.4 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Figure 7.3 Twisted-pair cable Figure 7.4 UTP and STP cables
Based on Based on
7.5 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.6 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
Based on Based on
7.7 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.8 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Based on Based on
7.9 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.10 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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7.11 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.12 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Based on Based on
7.13 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.14 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
Based on Based on
7.15 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.16 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Based on Based on
7.17 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.18 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
Disadvantages
Installation and maintenance
Topics discussed in this section:
Cost Radio Waves
Unidirectional Microwaves
Infrared
Based on Based on
7.19 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.20 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Figure 7.17 Electromagnetic spectrum for wireless communication Figure 7.18 Propagation methods
Based on Based on
7.21 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.22 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
Based on Based on
7.23 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.24 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Line-of-sight propagation:
1. Very high frequency signals that
transmitted in straight line directly
from antenna to antenna
2 Antenna must be directionally,
2. directionally facing
each other and either tall enough or
close enough (to be not affected by
the curvature of earth)
Based on Based on
7.25 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.26 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
Based on Based on
7.27 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.28 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan
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Microwaves Infrared
Microwaves are used for unicast Infrared signals can be used for short-
communication such as cellular range communication in a closed area
telephones, satellite networks, and using line-of-sight propagation.
wireless LANs. 1. Frequency range from 300 GHz to 400 THz Transmit
digital data with a very high data rate
1. unidirectional 2. Use line of sight propagation
2. Propagation is line-of sight. 3. Cannot penetrate walls so interference is prevented
3. Repeaters are needed for long distance communication. 4. We cannot use infrared outside a building because the suns
4. Very high frequency microwaves cannot penetrate walls. rays contain infrared that can interfere with the
5. The Microwave wave band is relatively wide almost 299GHZ communication
a high data rate 5. Can be used for short-range communication
6. use of certain portion of the band requires permission from
authorities. Applications: IrDA
Based on Based on
7.29 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan 7.30 Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition. by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2007 Dr. Mznah Al-Rodhaan