Material structure (microstructure and microstructure)

Physical property

Mechanical property

Chemical property
Property of
material Electrical property Physical properties result
from the response of
material to some
Magnetic property
environmental variable
such as a mechanical
Optical property force, temperature field, or
an electromagnetic field.

Thermal property
A measure of a material‘s ability to carry or resits mechanical forces or stresses.
Stress results from such as forces as tension, compression, or shear, which pull,
push, twist, cut, or in some way deform or change the shape of a piece of material.
Stress
Strain
Stress-strain diagram
Ultimate strength (tensile strength)
Resilience
Mechanical Shear stress
properties
Toughness
Ductility
Malleability
Fatigue strength
Torsional strength
Hardness
Stress
is the resistance offered by a material to external forces or loads
is measured in terms of the force exerted per unit area
Is the amount of force (F) divided by the area (A) over which it acts.

F
σ
A
Units: ponds per square inch; N/m 2; Pa

When a load or force is applied to an object, we are unable to measure the stress
produced by this force in material, instead of ... Identify and measure the area over
which the force acts.
Strain (unit deformation)
- Deformation is the change in physical dimension due to loading with the froce (cf.
Figure)

- The change in the length is called a total axial or longitudional deformation (long)
and the change in lateral dimension is known as total lateral deformation (lat)

 long 
L
Lo

Lo
Longitudional unit deformation


 lat 
d
do

do
Lateral unit deformation

- The ratio of the lateral unit deformation to the longitudional unit deformation is
known as Poisson‘s ratio,

εlat
μ
εlong