Bioceramics

ALEXANDER DAVID
21030111130142
ASIH MUSTIKASARI
21030112130064
VIRANTIKA WIJI PANGESTU
21030114120058
ANANDA FITRIANA
21030114120088
STEPHANUS STEVEN HALIMKESUMA
21030114140182
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Definisi Bioceramics
Bio disini berarti Biomaterial adalah material
pasif yang digunakan dalam dunia kesehatan,
yang akan diinteraksikan dengan sel-sel hidup.
Ceramics berarti benda yang memiliki longrange order crystal arrangement.
Bioceramics keramik yang digunakan untuk
mengganti atau memperbaiki bagian tubuh
dari sistem muskoloskeletal (reff Dr. N. H.

Aloorkar)
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Sejarah Bioceramics

Biocompatibility:
Biocompatibility was defined as, the ability of a material
to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific
application.

Components of biocompatibility:
Cytotoxicity (systemic and local)
Genotoxicity
Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity
Immunogenicity

Jenis Jenis Bioceramics

1. Bioinert:
Maintain their physical and mechanical properties while
in host.
Resist corrosion and wear.
Have a reasonable fracture toughness.
Typically used as structural-support implant such as bone
plates, bone screw and femoral
heads.
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Continued.
1. ALUMINA (Al203):
The main source of alumina or aluminium oxide is bauxite
and native corundum.
Highly stable oxide very chemically inert.
Low fracture toughness and tensile strength high
compression strength.
Very low wear resistance.
Quite hard material,

Continued.
ALUMINA
High hardness + low friction + low wear + inert to in vivo
environment.

Ideal material for use in:

Orthopaedic joint replacement component, e.g. femoral
head of hip implant.
Orthopaedic load-bearing implant.
Implant coating.
Dental implants.

2. Bioactive:
Direct and strong chemical bond with tissue.
Fixation of implants in the skeletal system.
Low mechanical strength and fracture toughness.
Examples:
Glass ceramic
Dense nonporous glasses

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Glass ceramics:
Glass-ceramics are crystalline materials obtained by the
controlled crystallization of an amorphous parent glass.
Controlled crystallisation requires:
Specific compositions.
Usually a two-stage heat-treatment.
Controlled nucleation
Controlled crystallization will
initiate growth of crystal of
small uniform size.

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3. Bio-Resorbable:
Chemically broken down by the body and degrade.
The resorbed material is replaced by endogenous tissue.
Chemicals produced as the ceramic is resorbed must be
able to be processed through the normal metabolic
pathways of the body without evoking any deleterious
effect.
Synthesized from chemical
(synthetic ceramic) or natural
sources (natural ceramic).

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Continued
Examples of Resorbable Bioceramics:
1.

Calcium phosphate

2.

Calcium sulfate, including plaster of Paris

3.

Hydroxyapatite

4.

Tricalcium phosphate

5.

Ferric-calcium-phosphorous oxides

6.

Corals

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Continued
Synthetic ceramic:
Calcium phosphate and Hydroxyapatite:
Can be crystallized into salts such as Hydroxyapatite.
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has a similar properties with
mineral phase of bone and teeth.
Important properties of HAP:
Excellent biocompatibility.
Form a direct chemical bond with
hard tissue.

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Continued
Natural ceramic:
Biocoral:
Corals transformed into HAP.
Biocompatible.
Facilitate bone growth.
Used to repair traumatized bone, replaced disease bone and
correct various bone defect.
Bone scaffold.
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Aplikasi Bioceramics:
Bioceramics as endodontic sealer:

e.g. Hydroxyapatite

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 Bioceramics as a root repair material:

e.g. Endosequence
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 Bioceramics as drug delivery system:

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 Bioceramics in optholmology:

e.g. Bioactive Glass Ceramic, Aluminium Oxide

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 Bioceramics in Orthopaedics:

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 Pulp Capping With Bioceramics:

e.g. Calcium Hydroxide, Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE)

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 Bioceramics With Sauna:

Thermal properties help to reduce fluid (water) and

accumulated toxins.
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Hydroxiapatite (HA)
HA adalah salah satu yang paling banyak digunakan
biomaterial untuk rekonstruksi kerangka dan jaringan gigi
karena sifatnya yang tidak beracun dan biokompatibel
bahan yang dapat digunakan dengan jaringan tulang
(Nemirkol et al., 2012)
Pemilihan biomaterial yang tepat sangat diperlukan dalam
proses pengganti tulang, antara lain mudah diperoleh,
biokompatibel, efektif, dan tidak toksik (Riyani, 2005).

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Hydroxiapatite (HA)
Proses pembuatan hidroksiapatit dari limbah tulang sapi diawali
dengan dikumpulkannya limbah tulang sapi, kemudian direndam
dalam air yang telah ditambahkan cairan antiseptik. Setelah itu,
tulang sapi direndam kembali dengan NaOH, lalu dicuci
menggunakan air mengalir. Selanjutnya, tulang dikeringkan
secara alami. Setelah itu, tulang dipanaskan pada temperatur 900
. Setelah proses pemanasan, material hidroksiapatit dihaluskan
menggunakan stemper dan mortir hingga berbentuk serbuk.
Serbuk itulah yang disebut dengan serbuk hidroksiapatit yang
dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tambal gigi (Kusumawardani,
2012).
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References:
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and medical applications, Digital Dental News., 2009, 6-13.
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(2004) 104 114.
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Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society, 2010, 812.
4. Kohn D. H., Bioceramics, Standard Handbook Of Biomedical Engineering And
Design, 2004, 13.1-13.24.
5. Hench L. L., Bioceramics: From Concept to Clinic, journal of the American Ceramic
Society - Hench , Vol. 74, 1991, 487-510.
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2005, 171-192.
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8. Robert B. Heimann, Materials Science of Crystalline Bioceramics:A Review of

Basic Properties and Applications, CMU. Journal, Vol. 1(1), 2002, 23-47.
9. Karkhanis M. U., Pisal S. S., Paradkar A. R. and Mahadik K. R., Bioceramics Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications, Journal of Scientific and

Industrial

Research, Vol. 58, 1999, 321-326.

10. Koch K., Brave D., and Ali A., A review of bioceramic technology in
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Research, Vol. 4(12), 2014, 2446-2554.
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2013,Vol. 6,2013, 3840-3942.

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