The Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List

Scott Pakin <scott+clsl@pakin.org>∗

30 November 2015

Abstract
This document lists 14032 symbols and the corresponding LATEX commands that produce them.
Some of these symbols are guaranteed to be available in every LATEX 2𝜀 system; others require fonts
and packages that may not accompany a given distribution and that therefore need to be installed.
All of the fonts and packages used to prepare this document—as well as this document itself—are
freely available from the Comprehensive TEX Archive Network (http://www.ctan.org/).

Contents

Contents 1

1 Introduction 11
1.1 Document Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2 Frequently Requested Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2 Body-text symbols 13
Table 1: LATEX 2𝜀 Escapable “Special” Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 2: Predefined LATEX 2𝜀 Text-mode Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 3: LATEX 2𝜀 Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode . . . . . . . . 14
Table 4: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table 5: Non-ASCII Letters (Excluding Accented Letters) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table 6: textgreek Upright Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table 7: Letters Used to Typeset African Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Table 8: Letters Used to Typeset Vietnamese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Table 9: Punctuation Marks Not Found in OT1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Table 10: pifont Decorative Punctuation Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Table 11: tipa Phonetic Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 12: tipx Phonetic Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 13: wsuipa Phonetic Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 14: wasysym Phonetic Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 15: phonetic Phonetic Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 16: t4phonet Phonetic Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 17: semtrans Transliteration Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 18: Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 19: tipa Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 20: extraipa Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 21: wsuipa Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 22: phonetic Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 23: metre Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 24: t4phonet Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 25: arcs Text-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 26: semtrans Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 27: ogonek Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
∗ The original version of this document was written by David Carlisle, with several additional tables provided by Alexan-

der Holt. See Section 10.8 on page 225 for more information about who did what.

1
 Table 28: combelow Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 29: wsuipa Diacritics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 30: textcomp Diacritics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 31: marvosym Diacritics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 32: textcomp Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 33: marvosym Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 34: fontawesome Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 35: wasysym Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 36: ChinA2e Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 37: teubner Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 38: tfrupee Currency Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 39: eurosym Euro Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 40: fourier Euro Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 41: textcomp Legal Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 42: fontawesome Legal Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 43: cclicenses Creative Commons License Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 44: ccicons Creative Commons License Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 45: textcomp Old-style Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 46: Miscellaneous textcomp Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 47: Miscellaneous wasysym Text-mode Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3 Mathematical symbols 27
Table 48: Math-Mode Versions of Text Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Table 49: cmll Unary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Table 50: Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Table 51: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Table 52: stmaryrd Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Table 53: wasysym Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Table 54: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Table 55: mathabx Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Table 56: MnSymbol Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Table 57: fdsymbol Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Table 58: boisik Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Table 59: stix Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Table 60: mathdesign Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Table 61: cmll Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 62: shuffle Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 63: ulsy Geometric Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 64: mathabx Geometric Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 65: MnSymbol Geometric Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table 66: fdsymbol Geometric Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table 67: boisik Geometric Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table 68: stix Geometric Binary Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Table 69: stix Small Integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Table 70: stix Small Integrals with Explicit Slant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Table 71: Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Table 72: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 73: stmaryrd Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 74: wasysym Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 75: mathabx Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 76: txfonts/pxfonts Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 77: esint Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Table 78: bigints Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 79: MnSymbol Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 80: fdsymbol Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Table 81: boisik Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table 82: stix Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table 83: stix Integrals with Explicit Slant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

2
Table 84: mathdesign Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Table 85: prodint Variable-sized Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Table 86: cmll Large Math Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Table 87: Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Table 88: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Table 89: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Table 90: stmaryrd Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Table 91: wasysym Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Table 92: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Table 93: txfonts/pxfonts Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Table 94: mathabx Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Table 95: mathabx Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Table 96: MnSymbol Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Table 97: MnSymbol Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Table 98: fdsymbol Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Table 99: fdsymbol Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Table 100: boisik Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Table 101: boisik Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Table 102: stix Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Table 103: stix Negated Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Table 104: mathtools Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Table 105: turnstile Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Table 106: trsym Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Table 107: trfsigns Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Table 108: cmll Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Table 109: colonequals Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Table 110: fourier Binary Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Table 111: Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Table 112: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 113: stmaryrd Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 114: wasysym Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 115: txfonts/pxfonts Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 116: mathabx Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 117: MnSymbol Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Table 118: fdsymbol Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Table 119: boisik Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Table 120: stix Subset and Superset Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Table 121: Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Table 122: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Table 123: wasysym Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Table 124: txfonts/pxfonts Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Table 125: mathabx Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Table 126: MnSymbol Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Table 127: fdsymbol Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Table 128: boisik Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Table 129: stix Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Table 130: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Table 131: stmaryrd Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Table 132: mathabx Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Table 133: MnSymbol Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Table 134: fdsymbol Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Table 135: boisik Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Table 136: stix Triangle Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Table 137: Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Table 138: Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Table 139: textcomp Text-mode Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Table 140: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Table 141: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Negated Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

3
Table 142: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Table 143: stmaryrd Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Table 144: txfonts/pxfonts Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Table 145: mathabx Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Table 146: mathabx Negated Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Table 147: mathabx Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Table 148: MnSymbol Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Table 149: MnSymbol Negated Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Table 150: MnSymbol Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Table 151: MnSymbol Negated Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Table 152: fdsymbol Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Table 153: fdsymbol Negated Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Table 154: fdsymbol Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Table 155: fdsymbol Negated Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Table 156: boisik Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Table 157: boisik Negated Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Table 158: boisik Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Table 159: stix Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Table 160: stix Negated Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Table 161: stix Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Table 162: harpoon Extensible Harpoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Table 163: chemarrow Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Table 164: fge Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Table 165: MnSymbol Spoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Table 166: MnSymbol Pitchforks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Table 167: MnSymbol Smiles and Frowns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Table 168: fdsymbol Spoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Table 169: fdsymbol Pitchforks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 170: fdsymbol Smiles and Frowns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 171: ulsy Contradiction Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 172: Extension Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 173: stmaryrd Extension Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 174: txfonts/pxfonts Extension Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 175: mathabx Extension Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Table 176: stix Extension Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Table 177: Log-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Table 178: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Log-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Table 179: ChinA2e Number Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Table 180: Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Table 181: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Table 182: txfonts/pxfonts Upright Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Table 183: upgreek Upright Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Table 184: fourier Variant Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Table 185: txfonts/pxfonts Variant Latin Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 186: boisik Variant Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 187: boisik Variant Latin Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 188: stix Variant Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 189: stix Transformed Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 190: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Hebrew Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 191: MnSymbol Hebrew Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 192: fdsymbol Hebrew Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 193: boisik Hebrew Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Table 194: stix Hebrew Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Table 195: Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Table 196: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Table 197: txfonts/pxfonts Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Table 198: mathabx Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Table 199: MnSymbol Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

4
Table 200: fdsymbol Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 201: boisik Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 202: stix Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 203: trfsigns Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 204: mathdesign Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 205: fge Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 206: fourier Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 207: cmll Letter-like Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 208: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 209: stmaryrd Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 210: mathabx Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 211: boisik Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 212: stix Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 213: nath Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Table 214: Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Table 215: Large, Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Table 216: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Table 217: stmaryrd Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Table 218: mathabx Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Table 219: MnSymbol Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Table 220: fdsymbol Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Table 221: stix Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Table 222: mathdesign Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Table 223: nath Variable-sized Delimiters (Double) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table 224: nath Variable-sized Delimiters (Triple) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table 225: fourier Variable-sized Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table 226: textcomp Text-mode Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table 227: metre Text-mode Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Table 228: Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Table 229: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Table 230: MnSymbol Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Table 231: fdsymbol Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Table 232: boisik Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Table 233: stix Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Table 234: fge Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Table 235: yhmath Math-mode Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Table 236: Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Table 237: overrightarrow Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Table 238: yhmath Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Table 239: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Table 240: MnSymbol Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Table 241: fdsymbol Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Table 242: stix Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Table 243: mathtools Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Table 244: mathabx Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Table 245: fourier Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Table 246: esvect Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Table 247: abraces Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 248: undertilde Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 249: ushort Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 250: mdwmath Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 251: actuarialangle Extensible Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 252: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 253: mathtools Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Table 254: chemarr Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Table 255: chemarrow Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Table 256: extarrows Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Table 257: extpfeil Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

5
 Table 258: DotArrow Extensible Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Table 259: trfsigns Extensible Transform Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Table 260: holtpolt Non-commutative Division Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Table 261: Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Table 262: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Table 263: wasysym Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Table 264: MnSymbol Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Table 265: fdsymbol Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Table 266: stix Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Table 267: mathdots Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Table 268: yhmath Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Table 269: teubner Dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Table 270: begriff Begriffsschrift Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Table 271: frege Begriffsschrift Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 272: mathcomp Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 273: marvosym Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 274: marvosym Digits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 275: fge Digits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 276: dozenal Base-12 Digits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 277: mathabx Mayan Digits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Table 278: stix Infinities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 279: stix Primes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 280: stix Empty Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 281: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 282: MnSymbol Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 283: fdsymbol Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 284: boisik Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 285: stix Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Table 286: Miscellaneous LATEX 2𝜀 Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Table 287: Miscellaneous 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Table 288: Miscellaneous wasysym Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Table 289: Miscellaneous txfonts/pxfonts Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Table 290: Miscellaneous mathabx Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Table 291: Miscellaneous MnSymbol Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Table 292: Miscellaneous Internal MnSymbol Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Table 293: Miscellaneous fdsymbol Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Table 294: Miscellaneous boisik Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Table 295: Miscellaneous stix Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Table 296: Miscellaneous textcomp Text-mode Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Table 297: Miscellaneous fge Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Table 298: Miscellaneous mathdesign Math Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Table 299: Math Alphabets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

4 Science and technology symbols 118

Table 300: gensymb Symbols Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode . . . . . . . . . . 118
Table 301: wasysym Electrical and Physical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Table 302: ifsym Pulse Diagram Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Table 303: ar Aspect Ratio Symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Table 304: textcomp Text-mode Science and Engineering Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Table 305: steinmetz Extensible Phasor Symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Table 306: wasysym Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Table 307: marvosym Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Table 308: fontawesome Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Table 309: mathabx Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Table 310: stix Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Table 311: starfont Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Table 312: wasysym APL Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Table 313: stix APL Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

6
 Table 314: apl APL Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Table 315: marvosym Computer Hardware Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Table 316: keystroke Computer Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Table 317: ascii Control Characters (CP437) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Table 318: logic Logic Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Table 319: marvosym Communication Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Table 320: marvosym Engineering Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Table 321: wasysym Biological Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Table 322: stix Biological Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Table 323: marvosym Biological Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Table 324: fontawesome Biological Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Table 325: marvosym Safety-related Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Table 326: feyn Feynman Diagram Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Table 327: svrsymbols Physics Ideograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

5 Dingbats 126
Table 328: bbding Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Table 329: pifont Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Table 330: adfsymbols Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Table 331: adforn Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 332: arev Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 333: fontawesome Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 334: fontawesome Chevrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 335: marvosym Scissors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 336: bbding Scissors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 337: pifont Scissors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 338: dingbat Pencils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 339: arev Pencils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 340: fontawesome Pencils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 341: bbding Pencils and Nibs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 342: pifont Pencils and Nibs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 343: dingbat Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 344: bbding Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 345: pifont Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Table 346: fourier Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 347: arev Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 348: fontawesome Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 349: bbding Crosses and Plusses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 350: pifont Crosses and Plusses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 351: adfsymbols Crosses and Plusses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 352: arev Crosses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 353: bbding Xs and Check Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Table 354: pifont Xs and Check Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Table 355: wasysym Xs and Check Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Table 356: marvosym Xs and Check Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Table 357: arev Xs and Check Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Table 358: fontawesome Xs and Check Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Table 359: pifont Circled Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Table 360: wasysym Stars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Table 361: bbding Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Table 362: pifont Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Table 363: adfsymbols Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Table 364: adforn Stars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Table 365: fontawesome Stars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Table 366: fourier Fleurons and Flowers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Table 367: adforn Fleurons and Flowers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Table 368: wasysym Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Table 369: MnSymbol Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

7
 Table 370: fdsymbol Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Table 371: boisik Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Table 372: stix Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Table 373: ifsym Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Table 374: bbding Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Table 375: pifont Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 376: universa Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 377: adfsymbols Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 378: fontawesome Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 379: LATEX 2𝜀 Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 380: txfonts/pxfonts Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 381: MnSymbol Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 382: fdsymbol Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 383: boisik Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Table 384: stix Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Table 385: arev Playing-Card Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Table 386: adforn Flourishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Table 387: Miscellaneous dingbat Dingbats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Table 388: Miscellaneous bbding Dingbats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Table 389: Miscellaneous pifont Dingbats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Table 390: Miscellaneous adforn Dingbats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

6 Ancient languages 138

Table 391: phaistos Symbols from the Phaistos Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Table 392: protosem Proto-Semitic Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Table 393: hieroglf Hieroglyphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Table 394: linearA Linear A Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Table 395: linearb Linear B Basic and Optional Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Table 396: linearb Linear B Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Table 397: linearb Linear B Weights and Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Table 398: linearb Linear B Ideograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Table 399: linearb Unidentified Linear B Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Table 400: cypriot Cypriot Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Table 401: sarabian South Arabian Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Table 402: teubner Archaic Greek Letters and Greek Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Table 403: boisik Archaic Greek Letters and Greek Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Table 404: epiolmec Epi-Olmec Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Table 405: epiolmec Epi-Olmec Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

7 Musical symbols 147

Table 406: LATEX 2𝜀 Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 407: textcomp Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 408: wasysym Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 409: MnSymbol Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 410: fdsymbol Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 411: boisik Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 412: stix Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 413: arev Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Table 414: MusiXTEX Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Table 415: MusiXTEX Alternative Clefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Table 416: harmony Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Table 417: harmony Musical Accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Table 418: Single Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Table 419: Beamed Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Table 420: Clefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Table 421: Time Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Table 422: Accidentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

lilyglyphs
 Table 423: Rests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Table 424: Dynamics Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Table 425: Dynamics Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Table 426: Articulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Table 427: Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Table 428: Accordion Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Table 429: Named Time Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Table 430: Named Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Table 431: Named Rests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Table 432: Named Pedals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Table 433: Named Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Table 434: Named Custodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Table 435: Named Clefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Table 436: Named Noteheads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Table 437: Named Accordion Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Table 438: Named Accidentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Table 439: Named Arrowheads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Table 440: Named Alphanumerics and Punctuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Table 441: Miscellaneous Named Musical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

8 Other symbols 164

Table 442: textcomp Genealogical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Table 443: wasysym General Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Table 444: manfnt Dangerous Bend Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Table 445: Miscellaneous manfnt Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Table 446: marvosym Media Control Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Table 447: marvosym Laundry Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Table 448: marvosym Information Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Table 449: Other marvosym Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Table 450: Miscellaneous universa Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Table 451: Miscellaneous fourier Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Table 452: ifsym Weather Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Table 453: ifsym Alpine Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Table 454: ifsym Clocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Table 455: Other ifsym Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Table 456: clock Clocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Table 457: epsdice Dice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Table 458: hhcount Dice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Table 459: stix Dice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Table 460: bullcntr Tally Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Table 461: hhcount Tally Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Table 462: dozenal Tally Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Table 463: skull Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Table 464: Non-Mathematical mathabx Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Table 465: skak Chess Informator Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Table 466: skak Chess Pieces and Chessboard Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Table 467: igo Go Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Table 468: go Go Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Table 469: metre Metrical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Table 470: metre Small and Large Metrical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Table 471: teubner Metrical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Table 472: dictsym Dictionary Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

lilyglyphs
 Table 473: simpsons Characters from The Simpsons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Table 474: pmboxdraw Box-Drawing Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Table 475: staves Magical Staves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Table 476: pigpen Cipher Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Table 477: ChinA2e Phases of the Moon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Table 478: ChinA2e Recycling Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Table 479: marvosym Recycling Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Table 480: recycle Recycling Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Table 481: Other ChinA2e Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Table 482: soyombo Soyombo Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Table 483: knitting Knitting Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Table 484: CountriesOfEurope Country Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Table 485: Miscellaneous arev Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Table 486: cookingsymbols Cooking Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Table 487: tikzsymbols Cooking Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Table 488: tikzsymbols Emoticons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Table 489: tikzsymbols 3D Emoticons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Table 490: tikzsymbols Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Table 491: Miscellaneous tikzsymbols Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Table 492: Miscellaneous bclogo Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Table 493: fontawesome Web-Related Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Table 494: rubikcube Rubik’s Cube Rotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

9 Fonts with minimal LATEX support 186

Table 495: hands Fists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Table 496: greenpoint Recycling Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Table 497: nkarta Map Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Table 498: moonphase Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Table 499: astrosym Astronomical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Table 500: webomints Decorative Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Table 501: umranda Decorative Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Table 502: umrandb Decorative Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Table 503: dingbat Decorative Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Table 504: knot Celtic Knots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Table 505: dancers Dancing Men . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Table 506: semaphor Semaphore Alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Table 507: cryst Crystallography Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Table 508: dice Dice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Table 509: magic Trading Card Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Table 510: bartel-chess-fonts Chess Pieces and Chessboard Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

10 Additional Information 206

10.1 Symbol Name Clashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
10.2 Resizing symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
10.3 Where can I find the symbol for . . . ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
10.4 Math-mode spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
10.5 Bold mathematical symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
10.6 ASCII and Latin 1 quick reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
10.7 Unicode characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
10.8 About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
10.9 Copyright and license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

References 228

Index 229

10
1 Introduction
Welcome to the Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List! This document strives to be your primary source of
LATEX symbol information: font samples, LATEX commands, packages, usage details, caveats—everything
needed to put thousands of different symbols at your disposal. All of the fonts covered herein meet the
following criteria:

1. They are freely available from the Comprehensive TEX Archive Network (http://www.ctan.org/).
2. All of their symbols have LATEX 2𝜀 bindings. That is, a user should be able to access a symbol by
name (e.g., \bigtriangleup)

As of version 12 of the Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List, that second restriction has been relaxed with
the inclusion of Section 9, which showcases fonts that provide, at a minimum, either TEX font-metric
files (.tfm) or the METAFONT sources (.mf) that produce those font-metric files. Some of the Section 9
fonts do include LATEX font-definition files (.fd). However, what sets the fonts in Section 9 apart from
the fonts in rest of the document is that they lack a LATEX style file (.sty) that individually names each
of the glyphs.
The restrictions listed above are not particularly limiting criteria; the Comprehensive LATEX Symbol
List contains samples of 14032 symbols—quite a large number. Some of these symbols are guaran-
teed to be available in every LATEX 2𝜀 system; others require fonts and packages that may not accom-
pany a given distribution and that therefore need to be installed. See http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/
texfaq2html?label=instpackages+wherefiles for help with installing new fonts and packages.

1.1 Document Usage

Each section of this document contains a number of font tables. Each table shows a set of symbols,
with the corresponding LATEX command to the right of each symbol. A table’s caption indicates what
package needs to be loaded in order to access that table’s symbols. For example, the symbols in Ta-
ble 45, “textcomp Old-Style Numerals”, are made available by putting “\usepackage{textcomp}” in
your document’s preamble. “𝒜ℳ𝒮” means to use the 𝒜ℳ𝒮 packages, viz. amssymb and/or amsmath.
Notes below a table provide additional information about some or all the symbols in that table.
One note that appears a few times in this document, particularly in Section 2, indicates that certain
symbols do not exist in the OT1 font encoding (Donald Knuth’s original, 7-bit font encoding, which is the
default font encoding for LATEX) and that you should use fontenc to select a different encoding, such as T1
(a common 8-bit font encoding). That means that you should put “\usepackage[⟨encoding⟩]{fontenc}”
in your document’s preamble, where ⟨encoding⟩ is, e.g., T1 or LY1. To limit the change in font encoding
to the current group, use “\fontencoding{⟨encoding⟩}\selectfont”.
Section 10 contains some additional information about the symbols in this document. It discusses
how certain mathematical symbols can vary in height, shows which symbol names are not unique across
packages, gives examples of how to create new symbols out of existing symbols, explains how symbols
are spaced in math mode, compares various schemes for boldfacing symbols, presents LATEX ASCII and
Latin 1 tables, shows how to input and output Unicode characters, and provides some information about
this document itself. The Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List ends with an index of all the symbols in
the document and various additional useful terms.

1.2 Frequently Requested Symbols

There are a number of symbols that are requested over and over again on comp.text.tex. If you’re
looking for such a symbol the following list will help you find it quickly.

, as in “Spaces are significant.” ..... 13 ........................... 39
ı̄, ı̃, ı̋, ı̆, ı̌, etc. (versus ī, ĩ, i̋, ĭ, and ǐ) .. 19 ∴ ............................ 47
¢ ............................ 24 B and F ...................... 48
e ........................... 24 . and & ...................... 61
©, ®, and ™ ................... 25 .
.. ........................... 109
‰ ........................... 26
°, as in “180°” or “15℃” ........... 114

11
L, F, etc. ..................... 116 ´ā, `^e, etc. (i.e., several accents per character)
N, Z, R, etc. ................... 116 214

r ............................ 116 <, >, and | (instead of ¡, ¿, and —) ... 221

∫︀
− ............................ 212 ^ and ˜ (or ∼) .................. 221

12
2 Body-text symbols

This section lists symbols that are intended for use in running text, such as punctuation marks,
accents, ligatures, and currency symbols.

Table 1: LATEX 2𝜀 Escapable “Special” Characters

$ \$ % \% \_ * } \} & \& # \# { \{

*
The underscore package redefines “_” to produce an underscore in text mode
(i.e., it makes it unnecessary to escape the underscore character).

Table 2: Predefined LATEX 2𝜀 Text-mode Commands

^ \textasciicircum* < \textless
˜ \textasciitilde* a
ª \textordfeminine
o
* ∗ \textasteriskcentered º \textordmasculine
∖ \textbackslash ¶ ¶ \textparagraph†
| \textbar · · \textperiodcentered
‖ ‖ \textbardbl % ‱ \textpertenthousand
○ ○ \textbigcircle % ‰ \textperthousand
{ \textbraceleft† ¿ \textquestiondown
} \textbraceright† “ \textquotedblleft
∙ • \textbullet ” \textquotedblright
○ c © \textcopyright† ‘ \textquoteleft
† † \textdagger† ’ \textquoteright
‡ ‡ \textdaggerdbl† ○r ® \textregistered
$ $ \textdollar† S § \textsection†
... \textellipsis† $ $ \textsterling†
TM
— \textemdash ™ \texttrademark
– \textendash \textunderscore†
¡ \textexclamdown \textvisiblespace
> \textgreater

The first symbol column represents the—sometimes “faked”—symbol that

LATEX 2𝜀 provides by default. The second symbol column represents the sym-
bol as redefined by textcomp (if textcomp redefines it). The textcomp package
is generally required to typeset Table 2’s symbols in italic, and some symbols
additionally require the T1 font encoding for italic.
*
\^{} and \~{} can be used instead of \textasciicircum and
\textasciitilde. See the discussion of “˜” on page 221.
†
It’s generally preferable to use the corresponding symbol from Table 3 on the
following page because the symbols in that table work properly in both text
mode and math mode.

13
 Table 3: LATEX 2𝜀 Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode
{ \{ \_ ‡ ‡ \ddag $ \pounds
} \} ○c © \copyright ... \dots S § \S
$ $ \$ † † \dag ¶ ¶ \P

The first symbol column represents the—sometimes “faked”—symbol that

LATEX 2𝜀 provides by default. The second symbol column represents the sym-
bol as redefined by textcomp (if textcomp redefines it). The textcomp package
is generally required to typeset Table 3’s symbols in italic, and some symbols
additionally require the T1 font encoding for italic.

Table 4: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Commands Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode
X \checkmark r \circledR z \maltese

Table 5: Non-ASCII Letters (Excluding Accented Letters)

å \aa Ð \DH* L \L ø \o ß \ss
Å \AA ð \dh* l \l Ø \O SS \SS
Æ \AE Ð \DJ* Ŋ \NG* Œ \OE Þ \TH*
æ \ae đ \dj* ŋ \ng* œ \oe þ \th*
*
Not available in the OT1 font encoding. Use the fontenc package to select an
alternate font encoding, such as T1.

Table 6: textgreek Upright Greek Letters

α \textalpha η \texteta ν \textnu τ \texttau
β \textbeta θ \texttheta ξ \textxi υ \textupsilon
γ \textgamma ι \textiota ο \textomikron φ \textphi
δ \textdelta κ \textkappa π \textpi χ \textchi
ε \textepsilon λ \textlambda ρ \textrho ψ \textpsi
ζ \textzeta μ \textmu* σ \textsigma ω \textomega

Α \textAlpha Η \textEta Ν \textNu Τ \textTau

Β \textBeta Θ \textTheta Ξ \textXi Υ \textUpsilon
Γ \textGamma Ι \textIota Ο \textOmikron Φ \textPhi
Δ \textDelta Κ \textKappa Π \textPi Χ \textChi
Ε \textEpsilon Λ \textLambda Ρ \textRho Ψ \textPsi
Ζ \textZeta Μ \textMu Σ \textSigma Ω \textOmega
*
Synonyms for \textmu include \textmicro and \textmugreek.

textgreek tries to use a Greek font that matches the body text. As a result,
the glyphs may appear slightly different from the above.

Unlike upgreek (Table 183 on page 89), textgreek works in text mode.

The symbols in this table are intended to be used sporadically throughout a

document (e.g., in phrases such as “β-decay”). In contrast, Greek body text
can be typeset using the babel package’s greek (or polutonikogreek) option—
and, of course, a font that provides the glyphs for the Greek alphabet.

14
 Table 7: Letters Used to Typeset African Languages
Ð \B{D} ° \m{c} ¤ \m{f} ¨ \m{k} » \M{t} – \m{Z}
ž \B{d}  \m{D} „ \m{F}  \m{N} › \M{T}  \T{E}
‡ \B{H} ð \M{d} † \m{G} ­ \m{n} º \m{t} â \T{e}
§ \B{h} Ð \M{D} ¦ \m{g} ª \m{o} š \m{T} Å \T{O}
· \B{t} ¡ \m{d} À \m{I} Š \m{O} ® \m{u}* å \T{o}
— \B{T} ‚ \m{E} à \m{i} ‘ \m{P} Ž \m{U}*
  \m{b} ¢ \m{e} ‰ \m{J} ± \m{p}  \m{Y}
€ \m{B} ƒ \M{E} © \m{j} ¬ \m{s} ¯ \m{y}
 \m{C} £ \M{e} ˆ \m{K} Œ \m{S} ¶ \m{z}

These characters all need the T4 font encoding, which is provided by the fc
package.
*
\m{v} and \m{V} are synonyms for \m{u} and \m{U}.

Table 8: Letters Used to Typeset Vietnamese

Ơ \OHORN ơ \ohorn Ư \UHORN ư \uhorn

These characters all need the T5 font encoding, which is provided by the vntex
package.

Table 9: Punctuation Marks Not Found in OT1

« \guillemotleft ‹ \guilsinglleft „ \quotedblbase " \textquotedbl
» \guillemotright › \guilsinglright ‚ \quotesinglbase

To get these symbols, use the fontenc package to select an alternate font en-
coding, such as T1.

Table 10: pifont Decorative Punctuation Marks

{ \ding{123} } \ding{125} ¡ \ding{161} £ \ding{163}
| \ding{124} ~ \ding{126} ¢ \ding{162}

15
 Table 11: tipa Phonetic Symbols

È \textbabygamma P \textglotstop ï \textrtailn

b \textbarb ; \texthalflength ó \textrtailr
c \textbarc ż \texthardsign ù \textrtails
d \textbard # \texthooktop ú \textrtailt
é \textbardotlessj á \texthtb ü \textrtailz
g \textbarg ê \texthtbardotlessj $ \textrthook
Ü \textbarglotstop Á \texthtc À \textsca
1 \textbari â \texthtd à \textscb
ł \textbarl ä \texthtg ď \textsce
8 \textbaro H \texthth å \textscg
Ý \textbarrevglotstop Ê \texththeng Ë \textsch
0 \textbaru Î \texthtk @ \textschwa
ì \textbeltl Ò \texthtp I \textsci
β \textbeta Ó \texthtq ĺ \textscj
ò \textbullseye č \texthtrtaild Ï \textscl
\textceltpal É \texthtscg ð \textscn
χ \textchi Ö \texthtt Œ \textscoelig
Å \textcloseepsilon ß \texthvlig ś \textscomega
Ñ \textcloseomega Û \textinvglotstop ö \textscr
Æ \textcloserevepsilon K \textinvscr A \textscripta
Þ \textcommatailz ι \textiota g \textscriptg
^ \textcorner λ \textlambda V \textscriptv
ă \textcrb : \textlengthmark Ú \textscu
ą \textcrd ş \textlhookt Y \textscy
g \textcrg ę \textlhtlongi ­ \textsecstress
è \textcrh ű \textlhtlongy ž \textsoftsign
Û \textcrinvglotstop Ô \textlonglegr  \textstretchc
ň \textcrlambda ¡ \textlptr tC \texttctclig
2 \textcrtwo M \textltailm Ù \textteshlig
C \textctc ñ \textltailn θ \texttheta
ć \textctd ë \textltilde þ \textthorn
ćý \textctdctzlig Ð \textlyoghlig £ \texttoneletterstem
š \textctesh Í \textObardotlessj ţ \texttslig
J \textctj ŋ \textOlyoghlig 5 \textturna
ő \textctn ω \textomega ŕ \textturncelig
ť \textctt _ \textopencorner 4 \textturnh
ťC \textcttctclig O \textopeno ľ \textturnk
ÿ \textctyogh % \textpalhook Õ \textturnlonglegr
ý \textctz φ \textphi W \textturnm
dý \textdctzlig | \textpipe î \textturnmrleg
S \textdoublebaresh " \textprimstress ô \textturnr
} \textdoublebarpipe ij \textraiseglotstop õ \textturnrrtail
=/ \textdoublebarslash ğ \textraisevibyi 6 \textturnscripta
{ \textdoublepipe 7 \textramshorns Ø \textturnt
Ş \textdoublevertline \ \textrevapostrophe 2 \textturnv
Ť \textdownstep 9 \textreve û \textturnw
à \textdyoghlig 3 \textrevepsilon L \textturny
dz \textdzlig Q \textrevglotstop υ \textupsilon
ε \textepsilon ź \textrevyogh Ţ \textupstep
S \textesh Ç \textrhookrevepsilon Š \textvertline
R \textfishhookr Ä \textrhookschwa ğ \textvibyi

(continued on next page)

16
(continued from previous page)
ě \textg
γ \textgamma
Ů \textglobfall
Ű \textglobrise
tipa defines shortcut characters for many of the above. It also defines a com-
mand \tone for denoting tone letters (pitches). See the tipa documentation
for more information.
Table 12: tipx Phonetic Symbols
" \textaolig
B \textbenttailyogh
. \textbktailgamma
D \textctinvglotstop
2 \textctjvar
% \textctstretchc
& \textctstretchcvar
@ \textctturnt
) \textdblig
H \textdoublebarpipevar
G \textdoublepipevar
ˇ \textdownfullarrow
7 \textfemale
5 \textfrbarn
’ \textfrhookd
( \textfrhookdvar
? \textfrhookt
- \textfrtailgamma
T \textglotstopvari
U \textglotstopvarii
V \textglotstopvariii
, \textgrgamma
0 \textheng
4 \texthmlig
~ \textrhoticity
¿ \textrptr
ã \textrtaild
í \textrtaill
3 \texthtbardotlessjvar
; \textinvomega
p \textinvsca
! \textinvscripta
I \textlfishhookrlig
# \textlhookfour
< \textlhookp
1 \textlhti
> \textlooptoprevesh
6 \textnrleg
9 \textObullseye
ˆ \textpalhooklong
˜ \textpalhookvar
F \textpipevar
= \textqplig
¨ \textrectangle
˚ \textretractingvar
v \textrevscl
z \textrevscr
\textrhooka
* \textrhooke
+ \textrhookepsilon
: \textrhookopeno
/ \textrtailhth
17
ů \textvibyy
ß \textwynn
Z \textyogh
´ \textrthooklong
q \textscaolig
r \textscdelta
s \textscf
t \textsck
w \textscm
x \textscp
y \textscq
˝ \textspleftarrow
$ \textstretchcvar
˙ \textsubdoublearrow
¯ \textsubrightarrow
P \textthornvari
Q \textthornvarii
R \textthornvariii
S \textthornvariv
E \textturnglotstop
u \textturnsck
{ \textturnscu
C \textturnthree
A \textturntwo
8 \textuncrfemale
˘ \textupfullarrow
 Table 13: wsuipa Phonetic Symbols

! \babygamma 8 \eng 4 \labdentalnas  \schwa

 \barb  \er / \latfric * \sci
 \bard M \esh 6 \legm : \scn
' \bari  \eth E \legr J \scr
. \barl D \flapr 1 \lz
\scripta
< \baro b \glotstop  \nialpha  \scriptg
A \barp  \hookb \nibeta Y \scriptv
+ \barsci  \hookd [ \nichi W \scu
X \barscu  \hookg  \niepsilon ] \scy
T \baru $ \hookh  \nigamma  \slashb
; \clickb % \hookheng ) \niiota
\slashc
 \clickc  \hookrevepsilon 2 \nilambda  \slashd
R \clickt " \hv > \niomega U \slashu
? \closedniomega \inva C \niphi  \taild
 \closedrevepsilon , \invf O \nisigma H \tailinvr
 \crossb d \invglotstop S \nitheta 0 \taill
\crossd & \invh V \niupsilon 9 \tailn
# \crossh I \invlegr 7 \nj F \tailr
3 \crossnilambda 5 \invm @ \oo L \tails
 \curlyc G \invr = \openo P \tailt
N \curlyesh K \invscr  \reve _ \tailz
a \curlyyogh  \invscripta f \reveject Q \tesh
^ \curlyz  \invv  \revepsilon B \thorn
( \dlbari Z \invw c \revglotstop - \tildel
 \dz \ \invy  \scd ` \yogh
e \ejective \ipagamma  \scg

Table 14: wasysym Phonetic Symbols

D \DH k \dh l \openo
Þ \Thorn U \inve þ \thorn

Table 15: phonetic Phonetic Symbols

j \barj f \flap ī \ibar A \rotvara i \vari

\barlambda ? \glottal c \openo w \rotw  \varomega
M \emgma B \hausaB h̄ \planck y \roty C \varopeno
n \engma b \hausab U \pwedge e \schwa v \vod
˚
N \enya D \hausad  \revD p \thorn h \voicedh
" \epsi T \hausaD \riota u \ubar x \yogh
s \esh k \hausak m \rotm u \udesc
d \eth K \hausaK
\rotOmega a \vara
F \fj D \hookd r \rotr G \varg

18
 Table 16: t4phonet Phonetic Symbols
ž \textcrd ¡ \texthtd | \textpipe
§ \textcrh ¨ \texthtk ð \textrtaild
¢ \textepsilon ± \texthtp » \textrtailt
¬ \textesh º \texthtt ¡ \textschwa
 \textfjlig à \textiota ¬ \textscriptv
  \texthtb © \textltailn œ \textteshlig
° \texthtc ª \textopeno ¶ \textyogh

The idea behind the t4phonet package’s phonetic symbols is to provide an

interface to some of the characters in the T4 font encoding (Table 7 on page 15)
but using the same names as the tipa characters presented in Table 11 on
page 16.

Table 17: semtrans Transliteration Symbols

˒ \Alif ˓ \Ayn

Table 18: Text-mode Accents

Ää \"{A}\"{a} A¿ ¿a \|{A}\|{a}‡  a \f{A}\f{a}¶
A A a \t{A}\t{a}
Áá \’{A}\’{a} Ãã \~{A}\~{a} AŸ Ÿa \G{A}\G{a}‡ Ăă \u{A}\u{a}
Ȧȧ \.{A}\.{a} Aa
¯¯
\b{A}\b{a} Ảả \h{A}\h{a}S A¼ ¼a \U{A}\U{a}‡
Āā \={A}\={a} A̧a̧ \c{A}\c{a} A̋a̋ \H{A}\H{a} a
A \U{A}\U{a}¶
^a
A^ \^{A}\^{a} a
A \C{A}\C{a}¶ Ąą \k{A}\k{a}† Ǎǎ \v{A}\v{a}
Àà \‘{A}\‘{a} A. a. \d{A}\d{a} Åå \r{A}\r{a}
a
A \newtie{A}\newtie{a}* ○
A○a \textcircled{A}\textcircled{a}
*
Requires the textcomp package.
†
Not available in the OT1 font encoding. Use the fontenc package to select an
alternate font encoding, such as T1.
‡
Requires the T4 font encoding, provided by the fc package.
S
Requires the T5 font encoding, provided by the vntex package.
¶
Requires one of the Cyrillic font encodings (T2A, T2B, T2C, or X2). Use the
fontenc package to select an encoding.

Also note the existence of \i and \j, which produce dotless versions of “i”
and “j” (viz., “ı” and “ȷ”). These are useful when the accent is supposed to
replace the dot in encodings that need to composite (i.e., combine) letters and
accents. For example, “na\"{\i}ve” always produces a correct “naı̈ve”, while
“na\"{i}ve” yields the rather odd-looking “naïve” when using the OT1 font
encoding and older versions of LATEX. Font encodings other than OT1 and
newer versions of LATEX properly typeset “na\"{i}ve” as “naı̈ve”.

19
 Table 19: tipa Text-mode Accents

´´
Ā ā \textacutemacron{A}\textacutemacron{a}
´´
Ǎ ǎ \textacutewedge{A}\textacutewedge{a}
A
ffi affi \textadvancing{A}\textadvancing{a}
A<
< a \textbottomtiebar{A}\textbottomtiebar{a}
˘
Ā˘ ā \textbrevemacron{A}\textbrevemacron{a}
Ża
AŻ \textcircumacute{A}\textcircumacute{a}
ˆˆ
Ȧ ȧ \textcircumdot{A}\textcircumdot{a}
§a
A§ \textdotacute{A}\textdotacute{a}
˙ ă˙
Ă \textdotbreve{A}\textdotbreve{a}
‚a
A‚ \textdoublegrave{A}\textdoublegrave{a}
İa
Aİ \textdoublevbaraccent{A}\textdoublevbaraccent{a}
Ża
AŻ \textfallrise{A}\textfallrise{a}
Ža
AŽ \textgravecircum{A}\textgravecircum{a}
đa
Ađ \textgravedot{A}\textgravedot{a}
``
Ā ā \textgravemacron{A}\textgravemacron{a}
Ź
AŹ a \textgravemid{A}\textgravemid{a}
Ÿa
AŸ \texthighrise{A}\texthighrise{a}
A
„a „ \textinvsubbridge{A}\textinvsubbridge{a}
A
fl afl \textlowering{A}\textlowering{a}
Ź
AŹ a \textlowrise{A}\textlowrise{a}
Ÿa
AŸ \textmidacute{A}\textmidacute{a}
‰a
A‰ \textovercross{A}\textovercross{a}
——
Aa \textoverw{A}\textoverw{a}
A˛ a˛ \textpolhook{A}\textpolhook{a}
A
fi afi \textraising{A}\textraising{a}
A
ffl affl \textretracting{A}\textretracting{a}
˚
Ā˚ ā \textringmacron{A}\textringmacron{a}
Ž
AŽ a \textrisefall{A}\textrisefall{a}
“a
A“ \textroundcap{A}\textroundcap{a}
A
a  \textseagull{A}\textseagull{a}
Aa \textsubacute{A}\textsubacute{a}
››
Aa \textsubarch{A}\textsubarch{a}
““
Aa \textsubbar{A}\textsubbar{a}
¯¯
A
”a ” \textsubbridge{A}\textsubbridge{a}
Aa \textsubcircum{A}\textsubcircum{a}
ˆˆ
Aa \textsubdot{A}\textsubdot{a}
˙˙
Aa \textsubgrave{A}\textsubgrave{a}
‹‹
A
– a– \textsublhalfring{A}\textsublhalfring{a}
A
ff aff \textsubplus{A}\textsubplus{a}
A
» a» \textsubrhalfring{A}\textsubrhalfring{a}
Aa \textsubring{A}\textsubring{a}
˚˚

(continued on next page)

20
 (continued from previous page)

A
«a « \textsubsquare{A}\textsubsquare{a}
Aa \textsubtilde{A}\textsubtilde{a}
˜˜
Aa \textsubumlaut{A}\textsubumlaut{a}
¨¨
A
—a — \textsubw{A}\textsubw{a}
Aa \textsubwedge{A}\textsubwedge{a}
ˇˇ
A
&& a \textsuperimposetilde{A}\textsuperimposetilde{a}
Aa \textsyllabic{A}\textsyllabic{a}
˜" ȧ
Ȧ ˜
"
\texttildedot{A}\texttildedot{a}
>>
Aa \texttoptiebar{A}\texttoptiebar{a}
IJa
AIJ \textvbaraccent{A}\textvbaraccent{a}

tipa defines shortcut sequences for many of the above. See the tipa documen-
tation for more information.

Table 20: extraipa Text-mode Accents

””
A
” a” \bibridge{A}\bibridge{a} –A»–a» \partvoiceless{A}\partvoiceless{a}
Ŕ Ŕ ˚˚
Ãã \crtilde{A}\crtilde{a} Āā \sliding{A}\sliding{a}
.. .
Ãã. \dottedtilde{A}\dottedtilde{a} Ȧȧ \spreadlips{A}\spreadlips{a}
˜ ˜ã
à \doubletilde{A}\doubletilde{a} Aa \subcorner{A}\subcorner{a}
^^
A»a» \finpartvoice{A}\finpartvoice{a} Aa \subdoublebar{A}\subdoublebar{a}
ˇˇ ¯¯
A»a» \finpartvoiceless{A}\finpartvoiceless{a} Aa \subdoublevert{A}\subdoublevert{a}
˚˚ "" ""
–A
ˇ–ˇ
a \inipartvoice{A}\inipartvoice{a} Aa
¡¡
\sublptr{A}\sublptr{a}
–A
”–˚a
”
\inipartvoiceless{A}\inipartvoiceless{a} Aa
¿¿
\subrptr{A}\subrptr{a}
˚
Aa \overbridge{A}\overbridge{a} A
Ţ Ţ
a \whistle{A}\whistle{a}
–A a
ˇ»–ˇ»
\partvoice{A}\partvoice{a}

Table 21: wsuipa Text-mode Accents

g ag
A \dental{A}\dental{a}
 a
A \underarch{A}\underarch{a}

21
 Table 22: phonetic Text-mode Accents
Aa \hill{A}\hill{a} A
a \rc{A}\rc{a} Aa \ut{A}\ut{a}
{ { ˜˜
Aa \od{A}\od{a} Aa \syl{A}\syl{a}
˚
{˚
Aa{ \ohill{A}\ohill{a} A a
.. .. \td{A}\td{a}

The phonetic package provides a few additional macros for linguistic accents.
\acbar and \acarc compose characters with multiple accents; for example,
\acbar{\’}{a} produces “´ ā” and \acarc{\"}{e} produces “¨ē”. \labvel joins
⌢ \upbar is intended to go
two characters with an arc: \labvel{mn} → “mn”.
between characters as in “x\upbar{}y’’ → “x y”. Lastly, \uplett behaves
like \textsuperscript but uses a smaller font. Contrast “p\uplett{h}’’ →
“ph ” with “p\textsuperscript{h}’’ → “ph ”.

Table 23: metre Text-mode Accents

Áá \acutus{A}\acutus{a}
Ăă \breve{A}\breve{a}
Ãã \circumflexus{A}\circumflexus{a}
Ää \diaeresis{A}\diaeresis{a}
Àà \gravis{A}\gravis{a}
Āā \macron{A}\macron{a}

Table 24: t4phonet Text-mode Accents

AŸ Ÿa \textdoublegrave{A}\textdoublegrave{a}
A¿ ¿a \textvbaraccent{A}\textvbaraccent{a}
A¼ ¼a \textdoublevbaraccent{A}\textdoublevbaraccent{a}

The idea behind the t4phonet package’s text-mode accents is to provide an

interface to some of the accents in the T4 font encoding (accents marked with
“‡” in Table 18 on page 19) but using the same names as the tipa accents
presented in Table 19 on page 20.

Table 25: arcs Text-mode Accents

⌢⌢
Aa \overarc{A}\overarc{a} Aa
⌣⌣
\underarc{A}\underarc{a}

The accents shown above scale only to a few characters wide. An optional
macro argument alters the effective width of the accented characters. See the
arcs documentation for more information.

At the time of this writing (2015/11/12), there exists an incompatibility be-

tween the arcs package and the relsize package, upon which arcs depends. As
a workaround, one should apply the patch proposed by Michael Sharpe on the
XETEX mailing list (Subject: “The arcs package”, dated 2013/08/25) to pre-
⌢
vent spurious text from being added to the document (as in, “5.0ptA” when
⌢
“A” is expected).

22
 Table 26: semtrans Accents
Aa \D{A}\D{a} Aa \U{A}\U{a}
¨¨ ˘˘
aA \T{A}\T{a}*

\T is not actually an accent but a command that rotates its argument 180°
using the graphicx package’s \rotatebox command.

Table 27: ogonek Accents

A˓ a˓ \k{A}\k{a}

Table 28: combelow Accents

A, a, \cb{A}\cb{a}

\cb places a comma above letters with descenders. Hence, while “\cb{s}”
produces “s, ”, “\cb{g}” produces “g‘ ”.

Table 29: wsuipa Diacritics

s \ain v \leftp x \overring h \stress } \underwedge
k \corner n \leftt ~ \polishhook j \syllabic t \upp
u \downp q \length w \rightp r \underdots l \upt
m \downt { \midtilde o \rightt y \underring
p \halflength z \open i \secstress | \undertilde

The wsuipa package defines all of the above as ordinary characters, not
as accents. However, it does provide \diatop and \diaunder commands,
which are used to compose diacritics with other characters. For example,
\diatop[\overring|a] produces “x a ”, and \diaunder[\underdots|a] pro-
duces “r
a”. See the wsuipa documentation for more information.

Table 30: textcomp Diacritics

˝ \textacutedbl ˇ \textasciicaron ¯ \textasciimacron
´ \textasciiacute ¨ \textasciidieresis  \textgravedbl
˘ \textasciibreve ` \textasciigrave

The textcomp package defines all of the above as ordinary characters, not as
accents. You can use \llap or \rlap to combine them with other characters.
See the discussion of \llap and \rlap on page 213 for more information.

23
 Table 31: marvosym Diacritics
p \arrowOver g \barOver _ \StrikingThrough
P \ArrowOver G \BarOver

The marvosym package defines all of the above as ordinary characters, not as
accents. You can use \llap or \rlap to combine them with other characters.
See the discussion of \llap and \rlap on page 213 for more information.

Table 32: textcomp Currency Symbols

฿ \textbaht $ \textdollar*  \textguarani ₩ \textwon
¢ \textcent  \textdollaroldstyle ₤ \textlira ¥ \textyen
 \textcentoldstyle ₫ \textdong ₦ \textnaira
₡ \textcolonmonetary € \texteuro ‘ \textpeso
¤ \textcurrency ƒ \textflorin $ \textsterling*
*
It’s generally preferable to use the corresponding symbol from Table 3 on
page 14 because the symbols in that table work properly in both text mode
and math mode.

Table 33: marvosym Currency Symbols

¢ \Denarius d \EURcr e \EURtm £ \Pfund
 \Ecommerce D \EURdig ¦ \EyesDollar ¡ \Shilling
e \EUR c \EURhv í \Florin

The different euro signs are meant to be visually compatible with different
fonts—Courier (\EURcr), Helvetica (\EURhv), Times Roman (\EURtm), and
the marvosym digits listed in Table 274 (\EURdig). The mathdesign package
redefines \texteuro to be visually compatible with one of three additional
fonts: Utopia (€), Charter (€), or Garamond (€).

Table 34: fontawesome Currency Symbols

ò \faBtc j \faIls Œ \faKrw 5 \faUsd
9 \faEur † \faInr ß \faRub Ž \faViacoin
k \faGbp ‰ \faJpy \faTry

fontawesome defines \faBitcoin as a synonym for \faBtc; \faCny, \faYen,

and \faRmb as synonyms for \faJpy; \faDollar as a synonym for \faUsd;
\faEuro as a synonym for \faEur; \faRouble and \faRuble as synonyms for
\faRub; \faRupee as a synonym for \faInr; \faShekel and \faSheqel as
synonyms for \faIls; \faTurkishLira as a synonym for \faTry; and \faWon
as a synonym for \faKrw.

Table 35: wasysym Currency Symbols

¢ \cent ¤ \currency

24
 Table 36: ChinA2e Currency Symbols
ÿ \Euro þ \Pound

Table 37: teubner Currency Symbols

Ε \denarius Α \hemiobelion Β \tetartemorion
Δ \dracma ῝ \stater

Table 38: tfrupee Currency Symbols

| \rupee

Table 39: eurosym Euro Signs

A
C \geneuro B
C \geneuronarrow C
C \geneurowide e \officialeuro

\euro is automatically mapped to one of the above—by default,

\officialeuro—based on a eurosym package option. See the eurosym doc-
umentation for more information. The \geneuro. . . characters are generated
from the current body font’s “C” character and therefore may not appear
exactly as shown.

Table 40: fourier Euro Signs

( \eurologo € \texteuro

Table 41: textcomp Legal Symbols

℗ \textcircledP ○
c © \textcopyright ℠ \textservicemark
TM
« \textcopyleft ○
r ® \textregistered ™ \texttrademark

The first symbol column represents the—sometimes “faked”—symbol that

LATEX 2𝜀 provides by default. The second symbol column represents the sym-
bol as redefined by textcomp. The textcomp package is generally required to
typeset Table 41’s symbols in italic.
See http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=tradesyms for
solutions to common problems that occur when using these symbols (e.g., get-
ting a “○”
r when you expected to get a “®”).

Table 42: fontawesome Legal Symbols

Z \faCopyright ² \faRegistered
³ \faCreativeCommons ± \faTrademark

25
 Table 43: cclicenses Creative Commons License Icons
○ ○ \ccnc* ○ \ccsa*
C
CC \cc $

∖
○
BY: \ccby ○
= \ccnd
*
These symbols utilize the rotating package and therefore display improperly in
some DVI viewers.

Table 44: ccicons Creative Commons License Icons

b \ccAttribution e \ccNonCommercialEU s \ccShare
© \ccCopy y \ccNonCommercialJP a \ccShareAlike
c \ccLogo p \ccPublicDomain z \ccZero
d \ccNoDerivatives r \ccRemix
n \ccNonCommercial m \ccSampling

ccicons additionally defines a set of commands for typesetting many complete

Creative Commons licenses (i.e., juxtapositions of two or more of the preced-
ing icons). For example, the \ccbyncnd command typesets the “Attribution–
Noncommercial–No Derivative Works” license (“c b n d”). See the ccicons
documentation for more information.

Table 45: textcomp Old-style Numerals

 \textzerooldstyle  \textfouroldstyle  \texteightoldstyle
 \textoneoldstyle  \textfiveoldstyle  \textnineoldstyle
 \texttwooldstyle  \textsixoldstyle
 \textthreeoldstyle  \textsevenoldstyle

Rather than use the bulky \textoneoldstyle, \texttwooldstyle, etc. com-

mands shown above, consider using \oldstylenums{. . .} to typeset an old-
style number.

Table 46: Miscellaneous textcomp Symbols

␢ \textblank
¦ \textbrokenbar
- \textdblhyphen
 \textdblhyphenchar
œ \textdiscount
℮ \textestimated
‽ \textinterrobang
• \textinterrobangdown
№ \textnumero
◦ \textopenbullet
¶ \textpilcrow
' \textquotesingle
‚ \textquotestraightbase
„ \textquotestraightdblbase
“ \textrecipe
※ \textreferencemark
 \textthreequartersemdash
~ \texttildelow
 \texttwelveudash

Table 47: Miscellaneous wasysym Text-mode Symbols

h \permil

26
3 Mathematical symbols

Most, but not all, of the symbols in this section are math-mode only. That is, they yield a “Missing $
inserted” error message if not used within $. . .$, \[. . .\], or another math-mode environment. Opera-
tors marked as “variable-sized” are taller in displayed formulas, shorter in in-text formulas, and possibly
shorter still when used in various levels of superscripts or subscripts.
Alphanumeric symbols (e.g., “L ” and “š”) are usually produced using one of the math alphabets
in Table 299 rather than with an explicit symbol command. Look there first if you need a symbol for a
transform, number set, or some other alphanumeric.
Although there have been many requests on comp.text.tex for a contradiction symbol, the
ensuing discussion invariably reveals innumerable ways to represent contradiction in a proof, in-
cluding “ ” (\blitza), “⇒⇐” (\Rightarrow\Leftarrow), “⊥” (\bot), “=” (\nleftrightarrow),
and “※” (\textreferencemark). Because of the lack of notational consensus, it is probably bet-
ter to spell out “Contradiction!” than to use a symbol for this purpose. Similarly, discussions on
comp.text.tex have revealed that there are a variety of ways to indicate the mathematical notion
of “is defined as”. Common candidates include “,” (\triangleq), “≡” (\equiv), “B” (various 1 ), and
def
“ =” (\stackrel{\text{\tiny def}}{=}). See also the example of \equalsfill on page 214. Depend-
· (\dotcup),
∐︀
ing upon the context, disjoint union may be represented as “ ” (\coprod), “⊔” (\sqcup), “∪”
“⊕” (\oplus), or any of a number of other symbols.2 Finally, the average value of a variable 𝑥 is written
by some people as “𝑥” (\overline{x}), by some people as “⟨𝑥⟩” (\langle x \rangle), and by some
people as “𝑥” or “∅𝑥” (\diameter x or \varnothing x). The moral of the story is that you should be
careful always to explain your notation to avoid confusing your readers.

Table 48: Math-Mode Versions of Text Symbols

$ \mathdollar ¶ \mathparagraph $ \mathsterling
... \mathellipsis S \mathsection \mathunderscore

It’s generally preferable to use the corresponding symbol from Table 3 on

page 14 because the symbols in that table work properly in both text mode
and math mode.

Table 49: cmll Unary Operators

! \oc* ˆ \shneg ? \wn*
˜ \shift ´ \shpos
*
\oc and \wn differ from “!” and “?” in terms of their math-mode spacing:
$A=!B$ produces “𝐴 =!𝐵”, for example, while $A=\oc B$ produces “𝐴 = !𝐵”.
1 In txfonts, pxfonts, and mathtools the symbol is called \coloneqq. In mathabx and MnSymbol it’s called \coloneq. In

colonequals it’s called \colonequals.

2 Bob Tennent listed these and other disjoint-union symbol possibilities in a November 2007 post to comp.text.tex.

27
 Table 50: Binary Operators
⨿ \amalg ∪ \cup ⊕ \oplus × \times
* \ast † \dagger ⊘ \oslash ▷ \triangleleft
○ \bigcirc ‡ \ddagger ⊗ \otimes ◁ \triangleright
▽ \bigtriangledown ◇ \diamond ± \pm E \unlhd*
△ \bigtriangleup ÷ \div B \rhd* D \unrhd*
∙ \bullet C \lhd* ∖ \setminus ⊎ \uplus
∩ \cap ∓ \mp ⊓ \sqcap ∨ \vee
· \cdot ⊙ \odot ⊔ \sqcup ∧ \wedge
∘ \circ ⊖ \ominus ⋆ \star ≀ \wr
*
Not predefined by the LATEX 2𝜀 core. Use the latexsym package to expose this
symbol.

Table 51: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Binary Operators

Z \barwedge } \circledcirc | \intercal*
\boxdot  \circleddash h \leftthreetimes
 \boxminus d \Cup n \ltimes

\boxplus g \curlyvee i \rightthreetimes
 \boxtimes f \curlywedge o \rtimes
e \Cap > \divideontimes r \smallsetminus
 \centerdot u \dotplus Y \veebar
~ \circledast [ \doublebarwedge
*
Some people use a superscripted \intercal for matrix transpose:
“A^\intercal” ↦→ “𝐴| ”. (See the May 2009 comp.text.tex thread, “raising
math symbols”, for suggestions about altering the height of the superscript.)
\top (Table 195 on page 91), T, and \mathsf{T} are other popular choices:
“𝐴⊤ ”, “𝐴𝑇 ”, “𝐴T ”.

Table 52: stmaryrd Binary Operators

 \baro 9 \interleave  \varoast
\bbslash 2 \leftslice  \varobar
N \binampersand ! \merge  \varobslash
O \bindnasrepma
\minuso  \varocircle
i \boxast  \moo  \varodot
k \boxbar ` \nplus 5 \varogreaterthan
 \boxbox : \obar 4 \varolessthan
j \boxbslash @ \oblong  \varominus
 \boxcircle ; \obslash  \varoplus
\boxdot = \ogreaterthan  \varoslash
 \boxempty < \olessthan  \varotimes
l \boxslash > \ovee 6 \varovee
. \curlyveedownarrow ? \owedge 7 \varowedge
/ \curlyveeuparrow 3 \rightslice " \vartimes
' \curlywedgedownarrow  \sslash  \Ydown
& \curlywedgeuparrow 8 \talloblong  \Yleft
) \fatbslash , \varbigcirc  \Yright
# \fatsemi  \varcurlyvee  \Yup
( \fatslash \varcurlywedge

28
 Table 53: wasysym Binary Operators
C \lhd # \ocircle  \RHD D \unrhd
 \LHD B \rhd E \unlhd

Table 54: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Operators

V \circledbar T \circledwedge  \medcirc
W \circledbslash M \invamp } \sqcapplus
U \circledvee  \medbullet | \sqcupplus

Table 55: mathabx Binary Operators

˚ \ast N \curlywedge [ \sqcap
˚ \Asterisk ˜ \divdot \ \sqcup
X \barwedge ¸ \divideontimes ^ \sqdoublecap
‹ \bigstar ´ \dotdiv _ \sqdoublecup
› \bigvarstar ` \dotplus ˝ \square
˛ \blackdiamond ˆ \dottimes ] \squplus
X \cap Z \doublebarwedge ¨ \udot
˘ \circplus \ \doublecap Z \uplus
ˇ \coasterisk ] \doublecup › \varstar
ˇ \coAsterisk ˙ \ltimes _ \vee
˙ \convolution ¯ \pluscirc Y \veebar
Y \cup ¸ \rtimes [ \veedoublebar
O \curlyvee ‚ \sqbullet ^ \wedge

Many of the preceding glyphs go by multiple names. \centerdot is equivalent

to \sqbullet, and \ast is equivalent to *. \asterisk produces the same
glyph as \ast, but as an ordinary symbol, not a binary operator. Similarly,
\bigast produces a large-operator version of the \Asterisk binary operator,
and \bigcoast produces a large-operator version of the \coAsterisk binary
operator.

Table 56: MnSymbol Binary Operators

∐ \amalg ⩏ \doublesqcup \righttherefore

∗ \ast ⩔ \doublevee ⋌ \rightthreetimes
 \backslashdiv ⩕ \doublewedge ( \rightY
& \bowtie ∵ \downtherefore ⋊ \rtimes
● \bullet + \downY  \slashdiv
∩ \cap " \dtimes ∏ \smallprod
⩀ \capdot  \fivedots ⊓ \sqcap
? \capplus ˆ \hbipropto E \sqcapdot
⋅ \cdot
\hdotdot G \sqcapplus
○ \circ ⌜ \lefthalfcap ⊔ \sqcup

(continued on next page)

29
(continued from previous page)

¾ \closedcurlyvee ⌞ \lefthalfcup D \sqcupdot

¼ \closedcurlywedge  \lefttherefore F \sqcupplus
∪ \cup ⋋ \leftthreetimes ∷ \squaredots
⊍ \cupdot * \leftY × \times
⊎ \cupplus ⋉ \ltimes  \udotdot
⋎ \curlyvee ∖ \medbackslash ∴ \uptherefore
5 \curlyveedot ◯ \medcircle ) \upY
⋏ \curlywedge ∕ \medslash $ \utimes
4 \curlywedgedot ∣ \medvert Š \vbipropto
 \ddotdot  \medvertdot ∶ \vdotdot
\diamonddots − \minus ∨ \vee
÷ \div  \minusdot / \veedot
 \dotmedvert ∓ \mp ⧖ \vertbowtie
 \dotminus ‰ \neswbipropto  \vertdiv
⋒ \doublecap ‹ \nwsebipropto ∧ \wedge
⋓ \doublecup + \plus . \wedgedot
7 \doublecurlyvee ± \pm ≀ \wreath
6 \doublecurlywedge ⌝ \righthalfcap
⩎ \doublesqcap ⌟ \righthalfcup

MnSymbol defines \setminus and \smallsetminus as synonyms for

\medbackslash; \Join as a synonym for \bowtie; \wr as a synonym for
\wreath; \shortmid as a synonym for \medvert; \Cap as a synonym for
\doublecap; \Cup as a synonym for \doublecup; and, \uplus as a synonym
for \cupplus.

Table 57: fdsymbol Binary Operators

⨿ \amalg ⩖ \doublevee ⋊ \rtimes

∗ \ast ⩕ \doublewedge \ \setminus
⊼ \barwedge / \downY ⊓ \sqcap
∩ \cap ⨲ \dtimes I \sqcapdot
⩀ \capdot
\hdotdot K \sqcapplus
C \capplus ⊺ \intercal ⊔ \sqcup
⋅ \cdot ⨼ \intprod H \sqcupdot
\centerdot ⨽ \intprodr J \sqcupplus
∪ \cup ⋋ \leftthreetimes × \times
⊍ \cupdot . \leftY ⨱ \timesbar
⊎ \cupplus ⋉ \ltimes  \udotdot
⋎ \curlyvee ∖ \medbackslash ⧖ \upbowtie
⋏ \curlywedge ∕ \medslash - \upY
 \ddotdot − \minus ( \utimes
÷ \div ⨪ \minusdot ⨿ \varamalg
⋇ \divideontimes ⨫ \minusfdots ∶ \vdotdot
/ \divslash ⨬ \minusrdots ⋮ \vdots
∸ \dotminus ∓ \mp ∨ \vee
∔ \dotplus + \plus ⊻ \veebar

(continued on next page)

30
 (continued from previous page)

⨰ \dottimes ⨥ \plusdot ⟇ \veedot

⩞ \doublebarwedge ± \pm ⩣ \veedoublebar
⋒ \doublecap ⟓ \pullback ∧ \wedge
⋓ \doublecup ⟔ \pushout ⟑ \wedgedot
⩎ \doublesqcap ⋌ \rightthreetimes ≀ \wreath
⩏ \doublesqcup , \rightY

fdsymbol defines \btimes as a synonym for \dtimes; \Cap as a synonym for

\doublecap; \Cup as a synonym for \doublecup; \hookupminus as a synonym
for \intprodr; \hourglass as a synonym for \upbowtie; \land as a synonym
for \wedge; \lor as a synonym for \vee; \minushookup as a synonym for
\intprod; \smalldivslash as a synonym for \medslash; \smallsetminus
as a synonym for \medbackslash; \Sqcap as a synonym for \doublesqcap;
\Sqcup as a synonym for \doublesqcup; \ttimes as a synonym for \utimes;
\lJoin as a synonym for \ltimes; \rJoin as a synonym for \rtimes; \Join
and \lrtimes as synonyms for \bowtie; \uplus as a synonym for \cupplus;
\veeonvee as a synonym for \doublevee; \wedgeonwedge as a synonym for
\doublewedge; and \wr as a synonym for \wreath).

Table 58: boisik Binary Operators

{ \ast Œ \dottimes ê \rtimesblack

ç \baro Ò \doublebarwedge Ú \smallsetminus
Ñ \barwedge ý \fatsemi ö \smashtimes
= \bbslash Å \gtrdot ¿ \squplus
î \binampersand þ \intercal < \sslash
ï \bindnasrepma Þ \lbag z \times
ë \blackbowtie ì \lblackbowtie … \uplus
è \bowtie Ð \leftslice ± \varcap
„ \cap Ó \leftthreetimes ° \varcup
Ë \Cap Ä \lessdot ó \varintercal
y \cdot Ô \ltimes ³ \varsqcap
î \centerdot é \ltimesblack ² \varsqcup
‹ \circplus Ž \merge  \vartimes
` \coAsterisk é \minuso ‡ \vee
@ \convolution æ \moo û \Vee
ƒ \cup ÿ \mp Ð \veebar
Ê \Cup ¾ \nplus  \veeonvee
¯ \cupleftarrow è \pluscirc † \wedge
Ï \curlyvee õ \plustrif ü \Wedge
Î \curlywedge ~ \pm Ô \Ydown
ñ \dagger ß \rbag Ö \Yleft
ò \ddagger í \rblackbowtie × \Yright
| \div Ñ \rightslice Õ \Yup
à \divideontimes Ô \rightthreetimes
Þ \dotplus Õ \rtimes

31
 Table 59: stix Binary Operators

⨿ \amalg ⨾ \fcmp ⊔ \sqcup

∗ \ast ⁄ \fracslash ⩏ \Sqcup
⩃ \barcap ⊺ \intercal ⫽ \sslash
⩂ \barcup ⫴ \interleave ⫶ \threedotcolon
⊽ \barvee ⨼ \intprod × \times
⊼ \barwedge ⨽ \intprodr ⨱ \timesbar
⩗ \bigslopedvee ∾ \invlazys ⧿ \tminus
⩘ \bigslopedwedge ⋋ \leftthreetimes ⧾ \tplus
⨲ \btimes ⊲ \lhd ⧻ \tripleplus
∩ \cap ⋉ \ltimes ⫻ \trslash
⋒ \Cap ⩝ \midbarvee ⩋ \twocaps
⩉ \capbarcup ⩜ \midbarwedge ⩊ \twocups
⩀ \capdot ⨪ \minusdot ⦂ \typecolon
⩇ \capovercup ⨫ \minusfdots ⩁ \uminus
⩄ \capwedge ⨬ \minusrdots ⊴ \unlhd
⩍ \closedvarcap ∓ \mp ⊵ \unrhd
⩌ \closedvarcup ⫵ \nhVvert ⅋ \upand
⩐ \closedvarcupsmashprod ⨭ \opluslhrim ⊎ \uplus
⨩ \commaminus ⨮ \oplusrhrim ⌅ \varbarwedge
∪ \cup ⨴ \otimeslhrim ⌆ \vardoublebarwedge
⋓ \Cup ⨵ \otimesrhrim ⩡ \varveebar
⩈ \cupbarcap ⨥ \plusdot ⨯ \vectimes
⊍ \cupdot ⩲ \pluseqq ⩔ \Vee
⊌ \cupleftarrow ⨣ \plushat ∨ \vee
⩆ \cupovercap ⨦ \plussim ⊻ \veebar
⩅ \cupvee ⨧ \plussubtwo ⟇ \veedot
⋎ \curlyvee ⨨ \plustrif ⩣ \veedoublebar
⋏ \curlywedge ± \pm ⩛ \veemidvert
† \dagger ⊳ \rhd ⩒ \veeodot
‡ \ddagger ⋌ \rightthreetimes ⩖ \veeonvee
÷ \div ⨢ \ringplus ⩓ \Wedge
⋇ \divideontimes ⧷ \rsolbar ∧ \wedge
∸ \dotminus ⋊ \rtimes ⩟ \wedgebar
∔ \dotplus ⧵ \setminus ⟑ \wedgedot
⨰ \dottimes ⧢ \shuffle ⩠ \wedgedoublebar
⩢ \doublebarvee ⨤ \simplus ⩚ \wedgemidvert
⩞ \doublebarwedge ∖ \smallsetminus ⩑ \wedgeodot
⧺ \doubleplus ⨳ \smashtimes ⩕ \wedgeonwedge
⧶ \dsol ⊓ \sqcap ≀ \wr
⩱ \eqqplus ⩎ \Sqcap

stix defines \land as a synonym for \wedge, \lor as a synonym for \vee,
\doublecap as a synonym for \Cap, and \doublecup as a synonym for \Cup.

Table 60: mathdesign Binary Operators

_ \dtimes ] \udtimes ^ \utimes

The mathdesign package additionally provides versions of each of the binary

operators shown in Table 51 on page 28.

32
 Table 61: cmll Binary Operators
` \parr* & \with†

*
cmll defines \invamp as a synonym for \parr.
†
\with differs from \& in terms of its math-mode spacing: $A \& B$ produces
“𝐴 & 𝐵”, for example, while $A \with B$ produces “𝐴 & 𝐵”.

Table 62: shuffle Binary Operators

 \cshuffle
\shuffle

Table 63: ulsy Geometric Binary Operators

 \odplus

Table 64: mathabx Geometric Binary Operators

İ \blacktriangledown i \boxright a \ominus
đ \blacktriangleleft m \boxslash ‘ \oplus
§ \blacktriangleright b \boxtimes i \oright
IJ \blacktriangleup j \boxtop m \oslash
f \boxasterisk o \boxtriangleup b \otimes
n \boxbackslash l \boxvoid j \otop
k \boxbot f \oasterisk o \otriangleup
e \boxcirc n \obackslash l \ovoid
g \boxcoasterisk k \obot Ź \smalltriangledown
c \boxdiv e \ocirc Ž \smalltriangleleft
d \boxdot g \ocoasterisk Ż \smalltriangleright
h \boxleft c \odiv Ÿ \smalltriangleup
a \boxminus d \odot
‘ \boxplus h \oleft

33
 Table 65: MnSymbol Geometric Binary Operators
⧅ \boxbackslash ▼ \filledmedtriangledown ⊚ \ocirc
⧈ \boxbox ◀ \filledmedtriangleleft ⊙ \odot
⊡ \boxdot ▶ \filledmedtriangleright ⊖ \ominus
⊟ \boxminus ▲ \filledmedtriangleup ⊕ \oplus
⊞ \boxplus ◾ \filledsquare ⊘ \oslash
⧄ \boxslash ★ \filledstar ⍟ \ostar
⊠ \boxtimes ▾ \filledtriangledown ⊗ \otimes
q \boxvert ◂ \filledtriangleleft d \otriangle
{ \diamondbackslash ▸ \filledtriangleright ⦶ \overt
 \diamonddiamond ▴ \filledtriangleup „ \pentagram
⟐ \diamonddot ◇ \meddiamond ◇ \smalldiamond
x \diamondminus ◻ \medsquare ◽ \smallsquare
| \diamondplus ☆ \medstar ☆ \smallstar
z \diamondslash ▽ \medtriangledown ▿ \smalltriangledown
} \diamondtimes ◁ \medtriangleleft ◃ \smalltriangleleft
y \diamondvert ▷ \medtriangleright ▹ \smalltriangleright
 \downslice △ \medtriangleup ▵ \smalltriangleup
◆ \filleddiamond ⊛ \oast ⋆ \thinstar
∎ \filledmedsquare ⦸ \obackslash À \upslice

MnSymbol defines \blacksquare as a synonym for \filledmedsquare;

\square and \Box as synonyms for \medsquare; \diamond as a synonym for
\smalldiamond; \Diamond as a synonym for \meddiamond; \star as a syn-
onym for \thinstar; \circledast as a synonym for \oast; \circledcirc as
a synonym for \ocirc; and, \circleddash as a synonym for \ominus.

Table 66: fdsymbol Geometric Binary Operators

⧅ \boxbackslash ▼ \medblacktriangledown ⊕ \oplus

⧈ \boxbox ◀ \medblacktriangleleft ⊘ \oslash
⊡ \boxdot ▶ \medblacktriangleright ⊗ \otimes
⊟ \boxminus ▲ \medblacktriangleup ⦶ \overt
⊞ \boxplus ○ \medcircle • \smallblackcircle
⧄ \boxslash ◇ \meddiamond ⬩ \smallblackdiamond
⊠ \boxtimes ∕ \medslash ▪ \smallblacksquare
◫ \boxvert □ \medsquare ⋆ \smallblackstar
ˆ \diamondbackslash ▽ \medtriangledown ▾ \smallblacktriangledown
Œ \diamonddiamond ◁ \medtriangleleft ◂ \smallblacktriangleleft
⟐ \diamonddot ▷ \medtriangleright ▸ \smallblacktriangleright
… \diamondminus △ \medtriangleup ▴ \smallblacktriangleup
‰ \diamondplus ⭐ \medwhitestar ◦ \smallcircle
‡ \diamondslash ⊛ \oast ⋄ \smalldiamond
Š \diamondtimes ⦸ \obackslash ▫ \smallsquare
† \diamondvert ⊚ \ocirc ▿ \smalltriangledown
● \medblackcircle ⊝ \odash ◃ \smalltriangleleft
◆ \medblackdiamond ⊙ \odot ▹ \smalltriangleright
■ \medblacksquare ⊜ \oequal ▵ \smalltriangleup
⭑ \medblackstar ⊖ \ominus ⭒ \smallwhitestar

fdsymbol defines synonyms for most of the preceding symbols:

34
⬩ \blackdiamond ⋄ \diamond • \smblkcircle
▲ \blacktriangle ◇ \Diamond ⬩ \smblkdiamond
▼ \blacktriangledown ˆ \diamondbslash ▪ \smblksquare
◀ \blacktriangleleft ⟐ \diamondcdot ⭒ \smwhitestar
▶ \blacktriangleright ◆ \mdblkdiamond ◦ \smwhtcircle
□ \Box ■ \mdblksquare ⋄ \smwhtdiamond
◫ \boxbar ● \mdlgblkcircle ▫ \smwhtsquare
⧅ \boxbslash ◆ \mdlgblkdiamond □ \square
⧄ \boxdiag ■ \mdlgblksquare ⋆ \star
• \bullet ○ \mdlgwhtcircle △ \triangle
◦ \circ ◇ \mdlgwhtdiamond ▽ \triangledown
⊛ \circledast □ \mdlgwhtsquare ◁ \triangleleft
⊚ \circledcirc ◇ \mdwhtdiamond ▷ \triangleright
⊝ \circleddash □ \mdwhtsquare △ \vartriangle
⊜ \circledequal ⭑ \medstar
⦶ \circledvert ⦸ \obslash

Table 67: boisik Geometric Binary Operators

ã \blacklozenge   \boxright : \oblong

ï \blacksquare ¢ \boxslash ’ \obot
ë \blacktriangle ò \boxtimes  \obslash
è \blacktriangledown  \boxtop ™ \ogreaterthan
ê \blacktriangleleft £ \boxtriangle “ \oleft
é \blacktriangleright ö \circledast ˜ \olessthan
¤ \boxast õ \circledcirc  \ominus
¡ \boxbar ÷ \circleddash € \oplus
ž \boxbot } \diamond ” \oright
§ \boxbox ª \diamondbar – \oslash
œ \boxbslash ® \diamondcircle ‚ \otimes
¥ \boxcircle © \diamondminus ‘ \otop
¦ \boxdivision ¨ \diamondop — \otriangle
ô \boxdot ¬ \diamondplus š \ovee
Ÿ \boxleft « \diamondtimes › \owedge
ñ \boxminus ­ \diamondtriangle ø \star
ð \boxplus • \obar ; \talloblong

35
 Table 68: stix Geometric Binary Operators

⧗ \blackhourglass ⟢ \concavediamondtickleft ⊕ \oplus

⧆ \boxast ⟣ \concavediamondtickright ⊘ \oslash
◫ \boxbar ⋄ \diamond ⊗ \otimes
⧈ \boxbox ⩤ \dsub ⨷ \Otimes
⧅ \boxbslash ⧖ \hourglass ⨶ \otimeshat
⧇ \boxcircle ⟠ \lozengeminus ⩥ \rsub
⧄ \boxdiag ⧫ \mdlgblklozenge • \smblkcircle
⊡ \boxdot ○ \mdlgwhtcircle ⋆ \star
⊟ \boxminus ⌽ \obar ⫾ \talloblong
⊞ \boxplus ⦺ \obot* △ \triangle
⊠ \boxtimes ⦸ \obslash ⨺ \triangleminus
⊛ \circledast ⨸ \odiv ⨹ \triangleplus
⊚ \circledcirc ⊙ \odot ⧍ \triangleserifs
⊝ \circleddash ⦼ \odotslashdot* ⨻ \triangletimes
⊜ \circledequal ⧁ \ogreaterthan ∙ \vysmblkcircle†
⦷ \circledparallel ⦻ \olcross* ∘ \vysmwhtcircle
⦶ \circledvert ⧀ \olessthan ⟤ \whitesquaretickleft
⦵ \circlehbar ⊖ \ominus ⟥ \whitesquaretickright
⟡ \concavediamond ⦹ \operp

*
Defined as an ordinary character, not as a binary relation. However, these
symbols more closely resemble the other symbols in this table than they do
the geometric shapes presented in Table 372, which is why they are included
here.
†
stix defines \bullet as a synonym for \vysmblkcircle.

Table 69: stix Small Integrals

⨑ \smallawint ⨙ \smallintcap ∮ \smalloint
⨐ \smallcirfnint ∱ \smallintclockwise ∳ \smallointctrclockwise
⨏ \smallfint ⨚ \smallintcup ⨕ \smallpointint
⨌ \smalliiiint ⨗ \smallintlarhk ⨒ \smallrppolint
∭ \smalliiint ⨘ \smallintx ⨓ \smallscpolint
∬ \smalliint ⨜ \smalllowint ⨖ \smallsqint
∫ \smallint ⨔ \smallnpolint ⨋ \smallsumint
⨍ \smallintbar ∰ \smalloiiint ⨛ \smallupint
⨎ \smallintBar ∯ \smalloiint ∲ \smallvarointclockwise

By default, each of the preceding commands points to a slanted version of the

glyph, as shown. The upint package option typesets each integral instead as
an upright version. Slanted and upright integrals can be mixed, however, by
explicitly using the commands shown in Table 70.

36
 Table 70: stix Small Integrals with Explicit Slant

⨑ \smallawintsl ⨑ \smallawintup
⨐ \smallcirfnintsl ⨐ \smallcirfnintup
⨏ \smallfintsl ⨏ \smallfintup
⨌ \smalliiiintsl ⨌ \smalliiiintup
∭ \smalliiintsl ∭ \smalliiintup
∬ \smalliintsl ∬ \smalliintup
⨍ \smallintbarsl ⨎ \smallintBarup
⨎ \smallintBarsl ⨍ \smallintbarup
⨙ \smallintcapsl ⨙ \smallintcapup
∱ \smallintclockwisesl ∱ \smallintclockwiseup
⨚ \smallintcupsl ⨚ \smallintcupup
⨗ \smallintlarhksl ⨗ \smallintlarhkup
∫ \smallintsl ∫ \smallintup
⨘ \smallintxsl ⨘ \smallintxup
⨜ \smalllowintsl ⨜ \smalllowintup
⨔ \smallnpolintsl ⨔ \smallnpolintup
∰ \smalloiiintsl ∰ \smalloiiintup
∯ \smalloiintsl ∯ \smalloiintup
∳ \smallointctrclockwisesl ∳ \smallointctrclockwiseup
∮ \smallointsl ∮ \smallointup
⨕ \smallpointintsl ⨕ \smallpointintup
⨒ \smallrppolintsl ⨒ \smallrppolintup
⨓ \smallscpolintsl ⨓ \smallscpolintup
⨖ \smallsqintsl ⨖ \smallsqintup
⨋ \smallsumintsl ⨋ \smallsumintup
⨛ \smallupintsl ⨛ \smallupintup
∲ \smallvarointclockwisesl ∲ \smallvarointclockwiseup

Instead of using the preceding symbols directly, it is generally preferable to use

the symbols listed in Table 69 either with or without the upint package option.
Specifying upint selects each integral’s upright (up) variant, while omitting
upint selects each integral’s slanted (sl) variant. Use the symbols shown in
Table 70 only when you need to include both upright and slanted variations of
a symbol in the same document.

Table 71: Variable-sized Math Operators

⋂︀ ⋂︁ ⨂︀ ⨂︁ ⋀︀ ⋀︁ ∏︀ ∏︁
\bigcap \bigotimes \bigwedge \prod
⋃︀ ⋃︁ ⨆︀ ⨆︁ ∐︀ ∐︁ ∑︀ ∑︁
\bigcup \bigsqcup \coprod \sum
∫︁
⨀︀ ⨀︁ ⨄︀ ⨄︁ ∫︀
\bigodot \biguplus \int
∮︁
⨁︀ ⨁︁ ⋁︀ ⋁︁ ∮︀
\bigoplus \bigvee \oint

37
 Table 72: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Variable-sized Math Operators
∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁
∫︀∫︀ ∫︀∫︀∫︀
\iint \iiint
∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁ ∫︁
∫︀∫︀∫︀∫︀ ∫︀ ∫︀
\iiiint ··· ··· \idotsint

Table 73: stmaryrd Variable-sized Math Operators

em g o 
\bigbox \biginterleave \bigsqcap
bj
`h
\bigcurlyvee \bignplus \bigtriangledown
ck f n ai
\bigcurlywedge \bigparallel \bigtriangleup

Table 74: wasysym Variable-sized Math Operators

r w sx ty
\int \iint \iiint

uz v{
\oint \oiint

If wasysym is loaded without package options then none of the preceding sym-
bols are defined. However, \varint produces wasysym’s \int glyph, and
\varoint produces wasysym’s \oint glyph.

If wasysym is loaded with the integrals option then all of the preceding symbols
are defined, but \varint and \varoint are left undefined.

If wasysym is loaded with the nointegrals option then none of the preceding
symbols, \varint, or \varoint are defined.

Table 75: mathabx Variable-sized Math Operators

IJň Ýý Éé
\bigcurlyvee \bigboxslash \bigoright

Ű ę Òò Íí
\bigsqcap \bigboxtimes \bigoslash

Żń Úú Êê
\bigcurlywedge \bigboxtop \bigotop

(continued on next page)

38
(continued from previous page)

Öö ßß Ïï
\bigboxasterisk \bigboxtriangleup \bigotriangleup

Þþ Üü Ìì
\bigboxbackslash \bigboxvoid \bigovoid

Ûû Š ć Řă
\bigboxbot \bigcomplementop \bigplus

Õõ Ææ Ÿ ĺ
\bigboxcirc \bigoasterisk \bigsquplus

Œœ Îî Śą
\bigboxcoasterisk \bigobackslash \bigtimes
¡
Óó Ëë ţ
\bigboxdiv \bigobot \iiint
ij
Ôô Åå ť
\bigboxdot \bigocirc \iint
ż
Øø Çç ş
\bigboxleft \bigocoasterisk \int
£
Ññ Ãã ů
\bigboxminus \bigodiv \oiint
¿
Ðð Èè ű
\bigboxplus \bigoleft \oint

Ùù Áá
\bigboxright \bigominus

Table 76: txfonts/pxfonts Variable-sized Math Operators

 

\bigsqcapplus \ointclockwise



\bigsqcupplus \ointctrclockwise

> ? R S
\fint \sqiiint

' ( P Q
\idotsint \sqiint

% &  
\iiiint \sqint

(continued on next page)

39
(continued from previous page)

# $ F G
\iiint \varoiiintclockwise

! " N O
\iint \varoiiintctrclockwise

L M B C
\oiiintclockwise \varoiintclockwise

D E J K
\oiiintctrclockwise \varoiintctrclockwise

) * - .
\oiiint \varointclockwise

H I + ,
\oiintclockwise \varointctrclockwise
A
@  
\oiintctrclockwise \varprod


\oiint

Table 77: esint Variable-sized Math Operators

˙ 
¯ ı
\dotsint \ointclockwise
‰
ffl 
\fint \ointctrclockwise
˘ „
ˇ ”
\iiiint \sqiint
˚ “
˝ ›
\iiint \sqint
¨ "
˜ !
\iint \varoiint
& fi
% ff
\landdownint \varointclockwise
$ ffi
# fl
\landupint \varointctrclockwise
‹
‚
\oiint

40
 Table 78: bigints Variable-sized Math Operators
∫︁ ∮︁
∫︀ ∮︀
\bigint \bigoint

∫︁ ∮︁
∫︀ ∮︀
\bigints \bigoints
∫︁ ∮︁
∫︀ ∮︀
\bigintss \bigointss
∫︁ ∮︁
∫︀ ∮︀
\bigintsss \bigointsss
∫︁ ∮︁
∫︀ ∮︀
\bigintssss \bigointssss

Table 79: MnSymbol Variable-sized Math Operators

⋂ ⋂ \bigcap ⊖ ⊖ \bigominus ∁ ∁ \complement

⩀ ⩀ \bigcapdot ⊕ ⊕ \bigoplus ∐ ∐ \coprod

$ % \bigcapplus ⊘ ⊘ \bigoslash ∫…∫ ∫…∫ \idotsint

◯ ◯ \bigcircle ⍟ ⍟ \bigostar ⨌ ⨌ \iiiint

⋃ ⋃ \bigcup ⊗ ⊗ \bigotimes ∭ ∭ \iiint

⊍ ⊍ \bigcupdot F G \bigotriangle ∬ ∬ \iint

⊎ ⊎ \bigcupplus* ⦶ ⦶ \bigovert ∫ ∫ \int

⋎ ⋎ \bigcurlyvee + + \bigplus ⨚ ⨚ \landdownint

  \bigcurlyveedot ⊓ ⊓ \bigsqcap ⨙ ⨙ \landupint

⋏ ⋏ \bigcurlywedge , - \bigsqcapdot ∲ ∲ \lcircleleftint

  \bigcurlywedgedot 0 1 \bigsqcapplus ∲ ∲ \lcirclerightint

  \bigdoublecurlyvee ⊔ ⊔ \bigsqcup ∯ ∯ \oiint

  \bigdoublecurlywedge . / \bigsqcupdot ∮ ∮ \oint

⩔ ⩔ \bigdoublevee 2 3 \bigsqcupplus ∏ ∏ \prod

⩕ ⩕ \bigdoublewedge ⨉ ⨉ \bigtimes ∳ ∳ \rcircleleftint

⊛ ⊛ \bigoast ⋁ ⋁ \bigvee ∳ ∳ \rcirclerightint

(continued on next page)

41
(continued from previous page)

⦸ ⦸ \bigobackslash
 \bigveedot ⨏ ⨏ \strokedint

⊚ ⊚ \bigocirc ⋀ ⋀ \bigwedge ∑ ∑ \sum

⊙ ⊙ \bigodot  \bigwedgedot ⨋ ⨋ \sumint

*
MnSymbol defines \biguplus as a synonym for \bigcupplus.

Table 80: fdsymbol Variable-sized Math Operators

⋂ ⋂ \bigcap ⨆ ⨆ \bigsqcup ∱ ∱ \landupint

  \bigcapdot & ' \bigsqcupdot ∲ ∲ \lcircleleftint

  \bigcapplus * + \bigsqcupplus ∲ ∲ \lcirclerightint

⋃ ⋃ \bigcup ⨉ ⨉ \bigtimes ∰ ∰ \oiiint

⨃ ⨃ \bigcupdot ⋁ ⋁ \bigvee ∯ ∯ \oiint

⨄ ⨄ \bigcupplus
 \bigveedot ∮ ∮ \oint

  \bigcurlyvee ⋀ ⋀ \bigwedge ⨊ ⨊ \osum

  \bigcurlywedge  \bigwedgedot ∏ ∏ \prod

⨈ ⨈ \bigdoublevee ∐ ∐ \coprod ∳ ∳ \rcircleleftint

⨇ ⨇ \bigdoublewedge ⨏ ⨏ \fint ∳ ∳ \rcirclerightint

2 3 \bigoast ∫⋯∫ ∫⋯∫ \idotsint ∑ ∑ \sum

⨀ ⨀ \bigodot ⨌ ⨌ \iiiint ⨋ ⨋ \sumint

⨁ ⨁ \bigoplus ∭ ∭ \iiint ∐ ∐ \varcoprod

⨂ ⨂ \bigotimes ∬ ∬ \iint ⨊ ⨊ \varosum

\bigplus ∫ ∫ \int ∏ ∏ \varprod

⨅ ⨅ \bigsqcap ⨍ ⨍ \intbar ∑ ∑ \varsum

$ % \bigsqcapdot ⨎ ⨎ \intBar ⨋ ⨋ \varsumint

( ) \bigsqcapplus ⨑ ⨑ \landdownint

42
 *
fdsymbol defines \awint as a synonym for \landdownint, \biguplus as a
synonym for \bigcupplus, \conjquant as a synonym for \bigdoublewedge,
\disjquant as a synonym for \bigdoublevee, \dotsint as a synonym for
\idotsint, \intclockwise as a synonym for \landupint, \intctrclockwise
as a synonym for \landdownint, \modtwosum as a synonym for \osum,
\ointclockwise as a synonym for \lcircleleftint, \ointctrclockwise
as a synonym for \rcirclerightint, \varmodtwosum as a synonym for
\varosum, \varointclockwise as a synonym for \lcirclerightint, and
\varointctrclockwise as a synonym for \rcircleleftint.

Table 81: boisik Variable-sized Math Operators

‹
Š
\intup

boisik additionally provides all of the symbols in Table 71.

Table 82: stix Variable-sized Math Operators

∐ ∐
⨑ ⨑ \awint \coprod ∰ ∰ \oiiint

⅀ ⅀ ⨈ ⨈
\Bbbsum \disjquant ∯ ∯ \oiint

⋂ ⋂
\bigcap ⨏ ⨏ \fint ∮ ∮ \oint

⋃ ⋃
\bigcup ⨌ ⨌ \iiiint ∳ ∳ \ointctrclockwise

⨃ ⨃
\bigcupdot ∭ ∭ \iiint ⨕ ⨕ \pointint

⨀ ⨀ ∏ ∏
\bigodot ∬ ∬ \iint \prod

⨁ ⨁
\bigoplus ∫ ∫ \int ⨒ ⨒ \rppolint

⨂ ⨂
\bigotimes ⨍ ⨍ \intbar ⨓ ⨓ \scpolint

⨅ ⨅
\bigsqcap ⨎ ⨎ \intBar ⨖ ⨖ \sqint

⨆ ⨆ ∑ ∑
\bigsqcup ⨙ ⨙ \intcap \sum

⫿ ⫿
\bigtalloblong ∱ ∱ \intclockwise ⨋ ⨋ \sumint

(continued on next page)

43
(continued from previous page)

⨉ ⨉
\bigtimes ⨚ ⨚ \intcup ⨛ ⨛ \upint

⨄ ⨄
\biguplus ⨗ ⨗ \intlarhk ∲ ∲ \varointclockwise

⋁ ⋁ ⧹ ⧹
\bigvee ⨘ ⨘ \intx \xbsol

⋀ ⋀ ⧸ ⧸
\bigwedge ⨜ ⨜ \lowint \xsol

⨊ ⨊
⨐ ⨐ \cirfnint \modtwosum

⨇ ⨇
\conjquant ⨔ ⨔ \npolint

By default, each of the integral-producing commands in Table 82 points to a

slanted version of the glyph, as shown. The upint package option typesets each
integral instead as an upright version. Slanted and upright integrals can be
mixed, however, by explicitly using the commands shown in Table 83.

Table 83: stix Integrals with Explicit Slant

∫ ∫ \intsl ∫ ∫ \intup

∬ ∬ \iintsl ∬ ∬ \iintup

∭ ∭ \iiintsl ∭ ∭ \iiintup

∮ ∮ \ointsl ∮ ∮ \ointup

∯ ∯ \oiintsl ∯ ∯ \oiintup

∰ ∰ \oiiintsl ∰ ∰ \oiiintup

∱ ∱ \intclockwisesl ∱ ∱ \intclockwiseup

∲ ∲ \varointclockwisesl ∲ ∲ \varointclockwiseup

∳ ∳ \ointctrclockwisesl ∳ ∳ \ointctrclockwiseup

(continued on next page)

44
(continued from previous page)

⨋ ⨋ \sumintsl ⨋ ⨋ \sumintup

⨌ ⨌ \iiiintsl ⨌ ⨌ \iiiintup

⨍ ⨍ \intbarsl ⨍ ⨍ \intbarup

⨎ ⨎ \intBarsl ⨎ ⨎ \intBarup

⨏ ⨏ \fintsl ⨏ ⨏ \fintup

⨐ ⨐ \cirfnintsl ⨐ ⨐ \cirfnintup

⨑ ⨑ \awintsl ⨑ ⨑ \awintup

⨒ ⨒ \rppolintsl ⨒ ⨒ \rppolintup

⨓ ⨓ \scpolintsl ⨓ ⨓ \scpolintup

⨔ ⨔ \npolintsl ⨔ ⨔ \npolintup

⨕ ⨕ \pointintsl ⨕ ⨕ \pointintup

⨖ ⨖ \sqintsl ⨖ ⨖ \sqintup

⨗ ⨗ \intlarhksl ⨗ ⨗ \intlarhkup

⨘ ⨘ \intxsl ⨘ ⨘ \intxup

⨙ ⨙ \intcapsl ⨙ ⨙ \intcapup

⨚ ⨚ \intcupsl ⨚ ⨚ \intcupup

⨛ ⨛ \upintsl ⨛ ⨛ \upintup

⨜ ⨜ \lowintsl ⨜ ⨜ \lowintup

Instead of using the preceding symbols directly, it is generally preferable to use

the symbols listed in Table 82 either with or without the upint package option.
Specifying upint selects each integral’s upright (up) variant, while omitting
upint selects each integral’s slanted (sl) variant. Use the symbols shown in
Table 83 only when you need to include both upright and slanted variations of
a symbol in the same document.

45
 Table 84: mathdesign Variable-sized Math Operators

€  „ …
\intclockwise \ointclockwise

ˆ ‰ ‚ ƒ
\oiiint \ointctrclockwise

† ‡
\oiint

The mathdesign package provides three versions of each integral—in

R fact, Rof
every symbol—to accompany different text fonts: Utopia ( ), Garamond ( ),
R
and Charter ( ).

Table 85: prodint Variable-sized Math Operators

P \prodi R \Prodi T \PRODI

prodint currently requires the author to manually specify \prodi for inlined
expressions ($. . . $), \Prodi for displayed math (\[. . . \]), and \PRODI for dis-
played math involving tall integrands. The package does not define a product
integral command that scales automatically akin to the symbols in Table 71.

Table 86: cmll Large Math Operators

˙ ˘
\bigparr* \bigwith

*
cmll defines \biginvamp as a synonym for \bigparr.

Table 87: Binary Relations

≈ \approx ≡ \equiv ⊥ \perp ⌣ \smile
≍ \asymp ⌢ \frown ≺ \prec ≻ \succ
◁▷ \bowtie Z \Join* ⪯ \preceq ⪰ \succeq
 \cong | \mid† ∝ \propto ⊢ \vdash
⊣ \dashv |= \models ∼ \sim
 \doteq ‖ \parallel ≃ \simeq
*
Not predefined by the LATEX 2𝜀 core. Use the latexsym package to expose this
symbol.
†
The difference between \mid and | is that the former is a binary relation
while the latter is a math ordinal. Consequently, LATEX typesets the two
with different surrounding spacing. Contrast “P(A | B)” ↦→ “𝑃 (𝐴|𝐵)” with
“P(A \mid B)” ↦→ “𝑃 (𝐴 | 𝐵)”.

46
 Table 88: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Binary Relations
u \approxeq P \eqcirc v \succapprox
 \backepsilon ; \fallingdotseq < \succcurlyeq
v \backsim ( \multimap % \succsim
w \backsimeq t \pitchfork ∴ \therefore
∵ \because w \precapprox ≈ \thickapprox
G \between 4 \preccurlyeq ∼ \thicksim
m \Bumpeq - \precsim ∝ \varpropto
l \bumpeq : \risingdotseq \Vdash
$ \circeq p \shortmid  \vDash
2 \curlyeqprec q \shortparallel  \Vvdash
3 \curlyeqsucc a \smallfrown
+ \doteqdot ` \smallsmile

Table 89: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Negated Binary Relations

 \ncong / \nshortparallel 3 \nVDash
- \nmid / \nsim  \precnapprox
∦ \nparallel  \nsucc  \precnsim
⊀ \nprec  \nsucceq  \succnapprox
 \npreceq 2 \nvDash  \succnsim
. \nshortmid 0 \nvdash

Table 90: stmaryrd Binary Relations

A \inplus B \niplus

Table 91: wasysym Binary Relations

 \invneg { \leadsto  \wasypropto
Z \Join  \logof

47
 Table 92: txfonts/pxfonts Binary Relations
S \circledgtr X \lJoin ] \opentimes
R \circledless \ \lrtimes y \Perp
\colonapprox ( \multimap  \preceqq
 \Colonapprox  \multimapboth  \precneqq
D \coloneq • \multimapbothvert Y \rJoin
H \Coloneq  \multimapdot K \strictfi
F \Coloneqq  \multimapdotboth J \strictif
B \coloneqq*  \multimapdotbothA L \strictiff
 \Colonsim ˜ \multimapdotbothAvert  \succeqq
 \colonsim  \multimapdotbothB  \succneqq
I \Eqcolon — \multimapdotbothBvert ∥ \varparallel
E \eqcolon – \multimapdotbothvert
\varparallelinv
C \eqqcolon  \multimapdotinv  \VvDash
G \Eqqcolon  \multimapinv
h \eqsim [ \openJoin

*
As an alternative to using txfonts/pxfonts, a “:=” symbol can be constructed
with “\mathrel{\mathop:}=”.

Table 93: txfonts/pxfonts Negated Binary Relations

6 \napproxeq $ \npreccurlyeq 5 \nthickapprox
- \nasymp 9 \npreceqq h \ntwoheadleftarrow
* \nbacksim  \nprecsim g \ntwoheadrightarrow
+ \nbacksimeq ; \nsimeq  \nvarparallel
( \nbumpeq 8 \nsuccapprox  \nvarparallelinv
) \nBumpeq % \nsucccurlyeq 1 \nVdash
. \nequiv : \nsucceqq
7 \nprecapprox  \nsuccsim

Table 94: mathabx Binary Relations

\between  \divides « \risingdotseq
” \botdoteq „ \dotseq Ç \succapprox
ı \Bumpedeq ‰ \eqbumped ě \succcurlyeq
 \bumpedeq ff \eqcirc Í \succdot
 \circeq — \eqcolon Á \succsim
– \coloneq » \fallingdotseq 6 \therefore
fl \corresponds Ï \ggcurly “ \topdoteq
ű \curlyeqprec Î \llcurly ( \vDash
ů \curlyeqsucc Æ \precapprox , \Vdash
) \DashV ď \preccurlyeq ( \VDash
) \Dashv Ì \precdot , \Vvdash
- \dashVv À \precsim

48
 Table 95: mathabx Negated Binary Relations
ff \napprox M \notperp * \nvDash
fl \ncong ć \nprec * \nVDash
ÿ \ncurlyeqprec È \nprecapprox . \nVdash
ź \ncurlyeqsucc ę \npreccurlyeq & \nvdash
+ \nDashv ł \npreceq . \nVvash
/ \ndashV Â \nprecsim Ê \precnapprox
’ \ndashv  \nsim ň \precneq
+ \nDashV fi \nsimeq Ä \precnsim
/ \ndashVv č \nsucc Ë \succnapprox
‰ \neq É \nsuccapprox ŋ \succneq
ffi \notasymp ğ \nsucccurlyeq Å \succnsim
ffl \notdivides ń \nsucceq
ı \notequiv à \nsuccsim

The \changenotsign command toggles the behavior of \not to produce either

a vertical or a diagonal slash through a binary operator. Thus, “$a \not= b$”
can be made to produce either “𝑎 ­= 𝑏” or “𝑎 ­= 𝑏”.

Table 96: MnSymbol Binary Relations

≈ \approx ≙ \hateq Ž \rightpropto

≊ \approxeq  \hcrossing ⪧ \rightslice
 \backapprox z \leftfootline ⊩ \rightVdash
 \backapproxeq ‚ \leftfree ⊢ \rightvdash
≌ \backcong â \leftmodels ≓ \risingdotseq
 \backeqsim ò \leftModels  \sefootline
∽ \backsim ∝ \leftpropto ‡ \sefree
⋍ \backsimeq Ð \leftrightline ÷ \seModels
 \backtriplesim Ô \Leftrightline ç \semodels
” \between ⪦ \leftslice • \separated
≏ \bumpeq ê \leftVdash ï \seVdash
≎ \Bumpeq ⊣ \leftvdash ß \sevdash
≗ \circeq | \nefootline ∥ \shortparallel
Ü \closedequal „ \nefree ∼ \sim
½ \closedprec ô \neModels ≃ \simeq
» \closedsucc ä \nemodels ≻ \succ
∶= \coloneq Ò \neswline ⪸ \succapprox
≅ \cong Ö \Neswline ≽ \succcurlyeq
⋞ \curlyeqprec ì \neVdash ⪰ \succeq
⋟ \curlyeqsucc Ü \nevdash ≿ \succsim
≑ \Doteq } \nwfootline ~ \swfootline
≐ \doteq … \nwfree † \swfree
{ \downfootline å \nwmodels ö \swModels
⫝ \downfree õ \nwModels æ \swmodels
ã \downmodels “ \nwsecrossing î \swVdash
ó \downModels × \Nwseline Þ \swvdash
 \downpropto Ó \nwseline ≋ \triplesim
⊤ \downvdash Ý \nwvdash ∣ \updownline

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⍑ \downVdash í \nwVdash ∥ \Updownline

 \eqbump ≺ \prec y \upfootline
≖ \eqcirc ⪷ \precapprox  \upfree
⩦ \eqdot ≼ \preccurlyeq ñ \upModels
≂ \eqsim ⪯ \preceq á \upmodels
= \equal ≾ \precsim  \uppropto
Ý \equalclosed x \rightfootline ⊥ \upvdash
≡ \equiv € \rightfree ⍊ \upVdash
Þ \equivclosed ⊧ \rightmodels ’ \vcrossing
≒ \fallingdotseq ⊫ \rightModels ⊪ \Vvdash

MnSymbol additionally defines synonyms for some of the preceding symbols:

⊣ \dashv (same as \leftvdash)

Ó \diagdown (same as \nwseline)
Ò \diagup (same as \neswline)
Ò \divides (same as \updownline)
≑ \doteqdot (same as \Doteq)
⊧ \models (same as \rightmodels)
∥ \parallel (same as \Updownline)
⊥ \perp (same as \upvdash)
∝ \propto (same as \leftpropto)
Ð \relbar (same as \leftrightline)
Ô \Relbar (same as \Leftrightline)
∝ \varpropto (same as \leftpropto)
⊧ \vDash (same as \rightmodels)
⊫ \VDash (same as \rightModels)
⊢ \vdash (same as \rightvdash)
⊩ \Vdash (same as \rightVdash)

Table 97: MnSymbol Negated Binary Relations

≉ \napprox ̸ \nleftfootline ≓̸ \nrisingdotseq

≊̸ \napproxeq ̸ \nleftfree ̸ \nsefootline
̸ \nbackapprox ̸ \nleftmodels ̸ \nsefree
̸ \nbackapproxeq ̸ \nleftModels ̸ \nseModels
≌̸ \nbackcong ̸ \nleftrightline ̸ \nsemodels
̸ \nbackeqsim ̸ \nLeftrightline ̸ \nsevdash
∽̸ \nbacksim ⊣̸ \nleftvdash ̸ \nseVdash
⋍̸ \nbacksimeq ̸ \nleftVdash ∤ \nshortmid
̸ \nbacktriplesim ̸ \nnefootline ∦ \nshortparallel
≏̸ \nbumpeq ̸ \nnefree ≁ \nsim
≎̸ \nBumpeq ̸ \nnemodels ≄ \nsimeq
≗̸ \ncirceq ̸ \nneModels ⊁ \nsucc
̸ \nclosedequal ̸ \nneswline ⪸̸ \nsuccapprox
≇ \ncong ̸ \nNeswline ⋡ \nsucccurlyeq
⋞̸ \ncurlyeqprec ̸ \nneVdash ⪰̸ \nsucceq
⋟̸ \ncurlyeqsucc ̸ \nnevdash ≿̸ \nsuccsim

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≐̸ \ndoteq ̸ \nnwfootline ̸ \nswfootline

≑̸ \nDoteq ̸ \nnwfree ̸ \nswfree
̸ \ndownfootline ̸ \nnwmodels ̸ \nswModels
⫝̸ \ndownfree ̸ \nnwModels ̸ \nswmodels
̸ \ndownModels ̸ \nNwseline ̸ \nswvdash
̸ \ndownmodels ̸ \nnwseline ̸ \nswVdash
⍑̸ \ndownVdash ̸ \nnwvdash ≋̸ \ntriplesim
⊤̸ \ndownvdash ̸ \nnwVdash ∦ \nUpdownline
̸ \neqbump ⊀ \nprec ∤ \nupdownline
≖̸ \neqcirc ⪷̸ \nprecapprox ̸ \nupfootline
⩦̸ \neqdot ⋠ \npreccurlyeq ̸ \nupfree
≂̸ \neqsim ⪯̸ \npreceq ̸ \nupModels
≠ \nequal ≾̸ \nprecsim ̸ \nupmodels
̸ \nequalclosed ̸ \nrightfootline ⍊̸ \nupVdash
≢ \nequiv ̸ \nrightfree ⊥̸ \nupvdash
̸ \nequivclosed ⊯ \nrightModels ⪹ \precnapprox
‘ \neswcrossing ⊭ \nrightmodels ⋨ \precnsim
≒̸ \nfallingdotseq ⊬ \nrightvdash ⪺ \succnapprox
≙̸ \nhateq ⊮ \nrightVdash ⋩ \succnsim

MnSymbol additionally defines synonyms for some of the preceding symbols:

⊣̸ \ndashv (same as \nleftvdash)

̸ \ndiagdown (same as \nnwseline)
̸ \ndiagup (same as \nneswline)
∤ \ndivides (same as \nupdownline)
≠ \ne (same as \nequal)
≠ \neq (same as \nequal)
∤ \nmid (same as \nupdownline)
⊭ \nmodels (same as \nrightmodels)
∦ \nparallel (same as \nUpdownline)
⊥̸ \nperp (same as \nupvdash)
̸ \nrelbar (same as \nleftrightline)
̸ \nRelbar (same as \nLeftrightline)
⊭ \nvDash (same as \nrightmodels)
⊬ \nvdash (same as \nrightvdash)
⊮ \nVdash (same as \nrightVdash)
⊯ \nVDash (same as \nrightModels)

Table 98: fdsymbol Binary Relations

≈ \approx ≡ \equiv ⊧ \rightmodels

≊ \approxeq ≒ \fallingdotseq ⊩ \rightVdash
≌ \backcong ⌢ \frown ⊫ \rightVDash
› \backpropto ≘ \frowneq ⊢ \rightvdash
∽ \backsim ⁐ \frownsmile ⊨ \rightvDash
⋍ \backsimeq ∈ \in ≓ \risingdotseq
≬ \between ⫞ \leftassert ∣ \shortmid

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⋈ \bowtie ⫣ \leftAssert ∥ \shortparallel

≏ \bumpeq ¬ \leftfootline ∼ \sim
≎ \Bumpeq î \leftmodels ≃ \simeq
⪮ \bumpeqq ⊣ \leftvdash ⌣ \smile
≗ \circeq ⫤ \leftvDash  \smileeq
≔ \coloneq ⫣ \leftVdash ≍ \smilefrown
≅ \cong ⫥ \leftVDash ≛ \stareq
œ \crossing ⟝ \longleftfootline ≻ \succ
⋞ \curlyeqprec ⟽ \Longmapsfrom ⪸ \succapprox
⋟ \curlyeqsucc ⟻ \longmapsfrom ≽ \succcurlyeq
ý \dashVv ⟞ \longrightfootline ⪰ \succeq
ÿ \Ddashv ∣ \mid ⪴ \succeqq
≅˙ \dotcong ∋ \owns ≿ \succsim
≐ \doteq ∥ \parallel ≈ \thickapprox
≑ \Doteq ≺ \prec ∼ \thicksim
∺ \dotsminusdots ⪷ \precapprox ≋ \triplesim
⫧ \downAssert ≼ \preccurlyeq ⫠ \upassert
⫟ \downassert ⪯ \preceq ⫨ \upAssert
ï \downmodels ⪳ \preceqq í \upmodels
⫪ \downvDash ⪹ \precnapprox ⊥ \upvdash
⍑ \downVdash ⪱ \precneq ⫫ \upvDash
⊤ \downvdash ⪵ \precneqq ⍊ \upVdash
û \downVDash ⋨ \precnsim ù \upVDash
≖ \eqcirc ≾ \precsim ⫢ \vDdash
≕ \eqcolon ∝ \propto ≚ \veeeq
⩦ \eqdot ⊦ \rightassert ⊪ \Vvdash
≂ \eqsim ⊩ \rightAssert ≙ \wedgeq
= \equal ­ \rightfootline

fdsymbol defines synonyms for many of the preceding symbols:

≋ \approxident ⫣ \dashV ⊦ \shortrighttack

≘ \arceq ≑ \doteqdot ⫠ \shortuptack
⊩ \Assert ≕ \eqqcolon ⌢ \smallfrown
⊦ \assert ≙ \hateq ⌣ \smallsmile
≍ \asymp ⋈ \Join ∝ \varpropto
⫧ \Barv ⟞ \longdashv ⫨ \vBar
⫪ \barV ⊧ \models ⫫ \Vbar
⁐ \closure ∋ \ni ⊨ \vDash
≔ \coloneqq ⊥ \perp ⊫ \VDash
⊣ \dashv › \propfrom ⊩ \Vdash
⫥ \DashV ⫟ \shortdowntack ⊢ \vdash
⫤ \Dashv ⫞ \shortlefttack ⟝ \vlongdash

52
 Table 99: fdsymbol Negated Binary Relations

Ó \backsimneqq ∉ \nin ≁ \nsim

≉ \napprox ⫣̸ \nleftAssert ≄ \nsimeq
≊̸ \napproxeq ⫞̸ \nleftassert ⌣̸ \nsmile
≌̸ \nbackcong ̸ \nleftfootline ̸ \nsmileeq
∽̸ \nbacksim ̸ \nleftmodels ≭ \nsmilefrown
⋍̸ \nbacksimeq ⫤̸ \nleftvDash ≛̸ \nstareq
≏̸ \nbumpeq ⊣̸ \nleftvdash ⊁ \nsucc
≎̸ \nBumpeq ⫣̸ \nleftVdash ⪸̸ \nsuccapprox
⪮̸ \nbumpeqq ⫥̸ \nleftVDash ⋡ \nsucccurlyeq
≗̸ \ncirceq ⟝̸ \nlongleftfootline ⪰̸ \nsucceq
≇ \ncong ⟽̸ \nLongmapsfrom ⪴̸ \nsucceqq
⋞̸ \ncurlyeqprec ⟻̸ \nlongmapsfrom ≿̸ \nsuccsim
⋟̸ \ncurlyeqsucc ⟞̸ \nlongrightfootline ≋̸ \ntriplesim
̸ \ndashVv ∤ \nmid ⫠̸ \nupassert
̸ \nDdashv ∌ \nowns ⫨̸ \nupAssert
≐̸ \ndoteq ∦ \nparallel ̸ \nupmodels
≑̸ \nDoteq ⊀ \nprec ̸ \nupVDash
⫟̸ \ndownassert ⪷̸ \nprecapprox ⫫̸ \nupvDash
⫧̸ \ndownAssert ⋠ \npreccurlyeq ⍊̸ \nupVdash
̸ \ndownmodels ⪯̸ \npreceq ⊥̸ \nupvdash
⊤̸ \ndownvdash ⪳̸ \npreceqq ⫢̸ \nvDdash
⍑̸ \ndownVdash ≾̸ \nprecsim ≚̸ \nveeeq
̸ \ndownVDash ⊦̸ \nrightassert ⊪̸ \nVvdash
⫪̸ \ndownvDash ⊮ \nrightAssert ≙̸ \nwedgeq
≖̸ \neqcirc ̸ \nrightfootline ⪱ \precneq
⩦̸ \neqdot ⊧̸ \nrightmodels ⪵ \precneqq
≂̸ \neqsim ⊬ \nrightvdash ≆ \simneqq
≠ \nequal ⊮ \nrightVdash ⪺ \succnapprox
≢ \nequiv ⊭ \nrightvDash ⪲ \succneq
≒̸ \nfallingdotseq ⊯ \nrightVDash ⪶ \succneqq
⌢̸ \nfrown ≓̸ \nrisingdotseq ⋩ \succnsim
≘̸ \nfrowneq ∤ \nshortmid
⁐̸ \nfrownsmile ∦ \nshortparallel

fdsymbol defines synonyms for many of the preceding symbols:

≋̸ \napproxident ⫣̸ \ndashV ⊦̸ \nshortrighttack

≘̸ \narceq ≠ \ne ⫠̸ \nshortuptack
⊮ \nAssert ≠ \neq ≄ \nsime
⊦̸ \nassert ≙̸ \nhateq ⫨̸ \nvBar
≭ \nasymp ⟞̸ \nlongdashv ⫫̸ \nVbar
⫧̸ \nBarv ⊧̸ \nmodels ⊮ \nVdash
⫪̸ \nbarV ∌ \nni ⊭ \nvDash
⁐̸ \nclosure ∉ \notin ⊯ \nVDash
⫥̸ \nDashV ⊥̸ \nperp ⊬ \nvdash
⫤̸ \nDashv ⫟̸ \nshortdowntack ⟝̸ \nvlongdash
⊣̸ \ndashv ⫞̸ \nshortlefttack

53
 Table 100: boisik Binary Relations

ð \ac > \fatslash ; \scurel

Ý \approxeq þ \forkv ¾ \shortmid
‚ \arceq ý \frown ¿ \shortparallel
Ñ \backsim ë \ggcurly Š \simrdots
Ó \backsimeq > \hash ½ \smallfrown
` \bagmember ¶ \inplus ¼ \smallsmile
¶ \because ˆ \kernelcontraction ü \smile
· \between ê \llcurly ì \strictfi
Æ \bumpeq ³ \multimap í \strictif
Ç \Bumpeq À \multimapboth ¹ \succapprox
Ù \circeq Æ \multimapbothvert Ï \succcurlyeq
„ \CircledEq ´ \multimapdot  \succnapprox
æ \cong Á \multimapdotboth — \succneqq
 \corresponds à \multimapdotbothA • \succnsim
Ì \curlyeqprec É \multimapdotbothAvert » \succsim
Í \curlyeqsucc  \multimapdotbothB µ \therefore
Û \dashV È \multimapdotbothBvert  \thickapprox
Ú \DashV Ç \multimapdotbothvert Ð \thicksim
Ø \dashVv Å \multimapdotinv ÿ \topfork
Ê \dfourier Ä \multimapinv Ø \triangleq
Ë \Dfourier · \niplus ? \varhash
< \disin = \nisd ¸ \varisins
ƒ \doteq å \Perp ¹ \varnis
Û \doteqdot ß \pitchfork ß \varpropto
† \dotminus ¸ \precapprox ¸ \Vdash
‰ \dotsim Î \preccurlyeq » \vDash
… \eqbumped œ \precnapprox º \VDash
Ú \eqcirc – \precneqq € \veeeq
Ò \eqsim ” \precnsim ¹ \Vvdash
ô \equalparallel º \precsim Ì \ztransf
Ý \fallingdotseq : \prurel Í \Ztransf
? \fatbslash Ü \risingdotseq

Table 101: boisik Negated Binary Relations

™ \ncong Ž \npreceq ³ \nVDash
ä \neq ® \nshortmid ± \nVdash
@ \nequiv ¯ \nshortparallel ° \nvdash
­ \nmid ˜ \nsim ² \nvDash
¬ \nparallel ‡ \nsucc
† \nprec  \nsucceq

54
 Table 102: stix Binary Relations

≈ \approx ⧥ \eqvparsl ⥽ \rightfishtail

≊ \approxeq ≒ \fallingdotseq ⥰ \rightimply
⩰ \approxeqq ⧓ \fbowtie ⤚ \righttail
≋ \approxident ⫝ \forksnot ≓ \risingdotseq
≘ \arceq ⫙ \forkv ⫎ \rsqhook
⊦ \assert ⌢ \frown ⧴ \ruledelayed
⩮ \asteq ⧦ \gleichstark ⊱ \scurel
≍ \asymp ⩯ \hatapprox ⫟ \shortdowntack
≌ \backcong ⊷ \imageof ⫞ \shortlefttack
∽ \backsim ∈ \in ∣ \shortmid
⋍ \backsimeq ⋵ \isindot ∥ \shortparallel
⋿ \bagmember ⋹ \isinE ⫠ \shortuptack
⫧ \Barv ⋷ \isinobar ∼ \sim
⫪ \barV ⋴ \isins ≃ \simeq
≬ \between ⋸ \isinvb ⩬ \simminussim
⫭ \bNot ∻ \kernelcontraction ≆ \simneqq
⋈ \bowtie ⤛ \leftdbltail ⩫ \simrdots
≎ \Bumpeq ⥼ \leftfishtail ⌢ \smallfrown
≏ \bumpeq ⤙ \lefttail ∊ \smallin
⪮ \bumpeqq ⧑ \lfbowtie ∍ \smallni
⟟ \cirbot ⧔ \lftimes ⌣ \smallsmile
≗ \circeq ⟞ \longdashv ⧤ \smeparsl
⫯ \cirmid ⫍ \lsqhook ⌣ \smile
⁐ \closure ≞ \measeq ≛ \stareq
⩴ \Coloneq ∣ \mid ≻ \succ
≔ \coloneq ⫰ \midcir ⪼ \Succ
≅ \cong ⫛ \mlcp ⪸ \succapprox
⩭ \congdot ⊧ \models ≽ \succcurlyeq
⋞ \curlyeqprec ⊸ \multimap ⪰ \succeq
⋟ \curlyeqsucc ⟜ \multimapinv ⪴ \succeqq
∹ \dashcolon ∋ \ni ⪺ \succnapprox
⊣ \dashv ⋾ \niobar ⪲ \succneq
⫣ \dashV ⋼ \nis ⪶ \succneqq
⫤ \Dashv ⋺ \nisd ⋩ \succnsim
⫥ \DashV ⫬ \Not ≿ \succsim
⟚ \DashVDash ̸ \notchar ≈ \thickapprox
⟛ \dashVdash ⊶ \origof ∼ \thicksim
⩷ \ddotseq ∥ \parallel ⫚ \topfork
⋲ \disin ⫳ \parsim ⥾ \upfishtail
≑ \Doteq ⟂ \perp ⟒ \upin
≐ \doteq ⋔ \pitchfork ⋶ \varisinobar
⩧ \dotequiv ≺ \prec ⋳ \varisins
⩪ \dotsim ⪻ \Prec ⋽ \varniobar
∺ \dotsminusdots ⪷ \precapprox ⋻ \varnis
⥿ \downfishtail ≼ \preccurlyeq ∝ \varpropto
⧟ \dualmap ⪯ \preceq ⫦ \varVdash
⧣ \eparsl ⪳ \preceqq ⫨ \vBar
≖ \eqcirc ⪹ \precnapprox ⫫ \Vbar
≕ \eqcolon ⪱ \precneq ⫩ \vBarv
≝ \eqdef ⪵ \precneqq ⊩ \Vdash
⩦ \eqdot ⋨ \precnsim ⊢ \vdash

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⩵ \eqeq ≾ \precsim ⊨ \vDash

⩶ \eqeqeq ∝ \propto ⊫ \VDash
⩳ \eqqsim ⊰ \prurel ⫢ \vDdash
≂ \eqsim ⟓ \pullback ⋮ \vdots
⋕ \equalparallel ⟔ \pushout ≚ \veeeq
≡ \equiv ≟ \questeq ⩙ \veeonwedge
≣ \Equiv ⫮ \revnmid ⃒ \vertoverlay
⩸ \equivDD ⧒ \rfbowtie ⟝ \vlongdash
⩨ \equivVert ⧕ \rftimes ⊪ \Vvdash
⩩ \equivVvert ⤜ \rightdbltail ≙ \wedgeq

stix defines \owns as a synonym for \ni and \doteqdot as a synonym for
\Doteq.

Table 103: stix Negated Binary Relations

⫝̸ \forks ⫲ \nhpar ≄ \nsime
≉ \napprox ∤ \nmid ⊁ \nsucc
 \napproxeqq ∌ \nni ⋡ \nsucccurlyeq
≭ \nasymp ∉ \notin  \nsucceq
 \nBumpeq ∦ \nparallel  \nvarisinobar
 \nbumpeq ⊀ \nprec  \nvarniobar
≇ \ncong ⋠ \npreccurlyeq ⊭ \nvDash
 \ncongdot  \npreceq ⊬ \nvdash
≠ \ne ∤ \nshortmid ⊯ \nVDash
 \neqsim ∦ \nshortparallel ⊮ \nVdash
≢ \nequiv ≁ \nsim

stix defines \neq as a synonym for \ne, \nsimeq as a synonym for \nsime, and
\nforksnot as a synonym for \forks.

Table 104: mathtools Binary Relations

::≈ \Colonapprox :− \coloneq −:: \Eqcolon
:≈ \colonapprox :∼ \colonsim =: \eqqcolon
:= \coloneqq ::∼ \Colonsim =:: \Eqqcolon
::= \Coloneqq :: \dblcolon
::− \Coloneq −: \eqcolon

Similar symbols can be defined using mathtools’s \vcentcolon, which produces

a colon centered on the font’s math axis:

=:=
“=:=”
vs. = :=
“=\vcentcolon=”

56
 Table 105: turnstile Binary Relations

𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓

𝑎𝑏𝑐
\dddtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nntstile{abc}{def} \stdtstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\ddststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nnttstile{abc}{def} \stststile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\ddtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nsdtstile{abc}{def} \sttstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\ddttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nsststile{abc}{def} \stttstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dndtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\tddtstile{abc}{def}
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dnststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nsttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\tdststile{abc}{def}
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dntstile{abc}{def} \ntdtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\tdtstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dnttstile{abc}{def} \ntststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\tdttstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dsdtstile{abc}{def} \nttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tndtstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dsststile{abc}{def} \ntttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tnststile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\sddtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tntstile{abc}{def}
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \dsttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\sdststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tnttstile{abc}{def}
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
\dtdtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\sdtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tsdtstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
\dtststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\sdttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tsststile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
\dttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \sndtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tststile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
\dtttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \snststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \tsttstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\nddtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \sntstile{abc}{def} \ttdtstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\ndststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \snttstile{abc}{def} \ttststile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\ndtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \ssdtstile{abc}{def} \tttstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐
\ndttstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \ssststile{abc}{def} \ttttstile{abc}{def}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nndtstile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \sststile{abc}{def}
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \nnststile{abc}{def} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \ssttstile{abc}{def}

Each of the above takes an optional argument that controls the size of the upper
and lower expressions. See the turnstile documentation for more information.

57


Table 106: trsym Binary Relations

 
\InversTransformHoriz \TransformHoriz
\InversTransformVert \TransformVert

Table 107: trfsigns Binary Relations

....
....
\dfourier \Dfourier
\fourier \Fourier
\laplace \Laplace
....
....
\ztransf \Ztransf

Table 108: cmll Binary Relations

¨ \coh ˝ \scoh
˚ \incoh ˇ \sincoh
‚ \Perp ‹ \simperp
˛ \multimapboth

Table 109: colonequals Binary Relations

≈: \approxcolon ::− \coloncolonminus =:: \equalscoloncolon
≈:: \approxcoloncolon ::∼ \coloncolonsim −: \minuscolon
:≈ \colonapprox := \colonequals −:: \minuscoloncolon
:: \coloncolon :− \colonminus : \ratio
::≈ \coloncolonapprox :∼ \colonsim ∼: \simcolon
::= \coloncolonequals =: \equalscolon ∼:: \simcoloncolon

Table 110: fourier Binary Relations

Ô \nparallelslant Ë \parallelslant

Table 111: Subset and Superset Relations

@ \sqsubset* ⊒ \sqsupseteq ⊃ \supset
⊑ \sqsubseteq ⊂ \subset ⊇ \supseteq
A \sqsupset* ⊆ \subseteq
*
Not predefined by the LATEX 2𝜀 core. Use the latexsym package to expose this
symbol.

58
 Table 112: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Subset and Superset Relations
* \nsubseteq j \subseteqq % \supsetneqq
+ \nsupseteq ( \subsetneq \varsubsetneq
# \nsupseteqq $ \subsetneqq & \varsubsetneqq
@ \sqsubset c \Supset ! \varsupsetneq
A \sqsupset k \supseteqq ' \varsupsetneqq
b \Subset ) \supsetneq

Table 113: stmaryrd Subset and Superset Relations

D \subsetplus E \supsetplus
F \subsetpluseq G \supsetpluseq

Table 114: wasysym Subset and Superset Relations

@ \sqsubset A \sqsupset

Table 115: txfonts/pxfonts Subset and Superset Relations

a \nsqsubset A \nsqsupseteq ? \nSupset
@ \nsqsubseteq > \nSubset
b \nsqsupset " \nsubseteqq

Table 116: mathabx Subset and Superset Relations

Ć \nsqsubset Č \nsupset Ě \sqsupseteq Ě \supseteq
Ű \nsqSubset Ů \nSupset Ŋ \sqsupseteqq Ŋ \supseteqq
Ę \nsqsubseteq Ğ \nsupseteq Ľ \sqsupsetneq Ľ \supsetneq
Ő \nsqsubseteqq Ŕ \nsupseteqq Ś \sqsupsetneqq Ś \supsetneqq
Č \nsqsupset Ă \sqsubset Ă \subset Ł \varsqsubsetneq
Ů \nsqSupset Ť \sqSubset Ť \Subset Š \varsqsubsetneqq
Ğ \nsqsupseteq Ď \sqsubseteq Ď \subseteq Ń \varsqsupsetneq
Ŕ \nsqsupseteqq Ň \sqsubseteqq Ň \subseteqq Ş \varsqsupsetneqq
Ć \nsubset Ĺ \sqsubsetneq Ĺ \subsetneq Ł \varsubsetneq
Ű \nSubset Ř \sqsubsetneqq Ř \subsetneqq Š \varsubsetneqq
Ę \nsubseteq Ţ \sqSupset Ą \supset Ń \varsupsetneq
Ő \nsubseteqq Ą \sqsupset Ţ \Supset Ş \varsupsetneqq

59
 Table 117: MnSymbol Subset and Superset Relations
̸ \nSqsubset ⊈ \nsubseteq ⋤ \sqsubsetneq ⊆ \subseteq
⊏̸ \nsqsubset ⫅̸ \nsubseteqq ö \sqsubsetneqq ⫅ \subseteqq
⋢ \nsqsubseteq ⋑̸ \nSupset _ \Sqsupset ⊊ \subsetneq
̸ \nsqsubseteqq ⊅ \nsupset ⊐ \sqsupset ⫋ \subsetneqq
̸ \nSqsupset ⊉ \nsupseteq ⊒ \sqsupseteq ⋑ \Supset
⊐̸ \nsqsupset ⫆̸ \nsupseteqq ] \sqsupseteqq ⊃ \supset
⋣ \nsqsupseteq ^ \Sqsubset ⋥ \sqsupsetneq ⊇ \supseteq
̸ \nsqsupseteqq ⊏ \sqsubset ÷ \sqsupsetneqq ⫆ \supseteqq
⋐̸ \nSubset ⊑ \sqsubseteq ⋐ \Subset ⊋ \supsetneq
⊄ \nsubset \ \sqsubseteqq ⊂ \subset ⫌ \supsetneqq

MnSymbol additionally defines \varsubsetneq as a synonym for \subsetneq,

\varsubsetneqq as a synonym for \subsetneqq, \varsupsetneq as a synonym
for \supsetneq, and \varsupsetneqq as a synonym for \supsetneqq.

Table 118: fdsymbol Subset and Superset Relations

⊏̸ \nsqsubset ⊈ \nsubseteq ⋤ \sqsubsetneq ⊆ \subseteq
̸ \nSqsubset ⫅̸ \nsubseteqq Þ \sqsubsetneqq ⫅ \subseteqq
⋢ \nsqsubseteq ⊅ \nsupset ⊐ \sqsupset ⊊ \subsetneq
̸ \nsqsubseteqq ⋑̸ \nSupset K \Sqsupset ⫋ \subsetneqq
⊐̸ \nsqsupset ⊉ \nsupseteq ⊒ \sqsupseteq ⊃ \supset
̸ \nSqsupset ⫆̸ \nsupseteqq I \sqsupseteqq ⋑ \Supset
⋣ \nsqsupseteq ⊏ \sqsubset ⋥ \sqsupsetneq ⊇ \supseteq
̸ \nsqsupseteqq J \Sqsubset ß \sqsupsetneqq ⫆ \supseteqq
⊄ \nsubset ⊑ \sqsubseteq ⊂ \subset ⊋ \supsetneq
⋐̸ \nSubset H \sqsubseteqq ⋐ \Subset ⫌ \supsetneqq

fdsymbol additionally defines \varsubsetneqq as a synonym for \subsetneqq,

\varsubsetneq as a synonym for \subsetneq, \varsupsetneqq as a synonym
for \supsetneqq, and \varsupsetneq as a synonym for \supsetneq.

Table 119: boisik Subset and Superset Relations

ž \nsubset ´ \sqSubset º \subsetplus ½ \supsetpluseq
ª \nsubseteq µ \sqSupset ¼ \subsetpluseq   \varsubsetneq
¢ \nsubseteqq á \sqsupset É \Supset ¦ \varsubsetneqq
Ÿ \nsupset È \Subset Í \supseteqq ¡ \varsupsetneq
« \nsupseteq Ì \subseteqq © \supsetneq § \varsupsetneqq
£ \nsupseteqq ¨ \subsetneq ¥ \supsetneqq
à \sqsubset ¤ \subsetneqq » \supsetplus

60
 Table 120: stix Subset and Superset Relations

⟈ \bsolhsub ⊒ \sqsupseteq ⫗ \suphsub

⫏ \csub ⋥ \sqsupsetneq ⥻ \suplarr
⫑ \csube ⫃ \subedot ⫂ \supmult
⫐ \csup ⫁ \submult ⋑ \Supset
⫒ \csupe ⥹ \subrarr ⊃ \supset
⥺ \leftarrowsubset ⋐ \Subset ⫊ \supsetapprox
 \nsqsubset ⊂ \subset ⟄ \supsetcirc*
⋢ \nsqsubseteq ⫉ \subsetapprox ⪾ \supsetdot
 \nsqsupset ⟃ \subsetcirc* ⊇ \supseteq
⋣ \nsqsupseteq ⪽ \subsetdot ⫆ \supseteqq
⊄ \nsubset ⊆ \subseteq ⊋ \supsetneq
⊈ \nsubseteq ⫅ \subseteqq ⫌ \supsetneqq
 \nsubseteqq ⊊ \subsetneq ⫀ \supsetplus
⊅ \nsupset ⫋ \subsetneqq ⫈ \supsim
⊉ \nsupseteq ⪿ \subsetplus ⫔ \supsub
 \nsupseteqq ⫇ \subsim ⫖ \supsup
⭄ \rightarrowsupset ⫕ \subsub ⊊ \varsubsetneq
⊏ \sqsubset ⫓ \subsup ⫋ \varsubsetneqq
⊑ \sqsubseteq ⫘ \supdsub ⊋ \varsupsetneq
⋤ \sqsubsetneq ⫄ \supedot ⫌ \varsupsetneqq
⊐ \sqsupset ⟉ \suphsol

*
Defined as an ordinary character, not as a binary relation.

Table 121: Inequalities

≥ \geq ≫ \gg ≤ \leq ≪ \ll , \neq

Table 122: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Inequalities

1 \eqslantgtr m \gtrdot Q \lesseqgtr  \ngeq

0 \eqslantless R \gtreqless S \lesseqqgtr  \ngeqq
= \geqq T \gtreqqless ≶ \lessgtr  \ngeqslant
> \geqslant ≷ \gtrless . \lesssim ≯ \ngtr
≫ \ggg & \gtrsim ≪ \lll  \nleq
 \gnapprox
\gvertneqq  \lnapprox  \nleqq
\gneq 5 \leqq  \lneq
\nleqslant
\gneqq 6 \leqslant  \lneqq ≮ \nless
 \gnsim / \lessapprox  \lnsim
' \gtrapprox l \lessdot \lvertneqq

61
 Table 123: wasysym Inequalities
? \apprge > \apprle

Table 124: txfonts/pxfonts Inequalities

4 \ngg ! \ngtrsim \nlesssim
# \ngtrapprox " \nlessapprox 3 \nll
& \ngtrless ' \nlessgtr

Table 125: mathabx Inequalities

ů \eqslantgtr ¡ \gtreqless À \lesssim č \ngtr

ű \eqslantless £ \gtreqqless ! \ll É \ngtrapprox
ě \geq ż \gtrless Î \lll à \ngtrsim
ŕ \geqq Á \gtrsim Ê \lnapprox ę \nleq
" \gg ţ \gvertneqq ň \lneq ř \nleqq
Ï \ggg ď \leq š \lneqq ć \nless
Ë \gnapprox ő \leqq Ä \lnsim È \nlessapprox
ŋ \gneq Æ \lessapprox ť \lvertneqq  \nlesssim
ş \gneqq Ì \lessdot ź \neqslantgtr ń \nvargeq
Å \gnsim ij \lesseqgtr ÿ \neqslantless ł \nvarleq
Ç \gtrapprox ¿ \lesseqqgtr ğ \ngeq ľ \vargeq
Í \gtrdot ž \lessgtr ś \ngeqq ĺ \varleq

mathabx defines \leqslant and \le as synonyms for \leq, \geqslant and \ge
as synonyms for \geq, \nleqslant as a synonym for \nleq, and \ngeqslant
as a synonym for \ngeq.

62
 Table 126: MnSymbol Inequalities
⪖ \eqslantgtr ⪌ \gtreqqless ≲ \lesssim ⋛̸ \ngtreqless
⪕ \eqslantless ≷ \gtrless ≪ \ll ̸ \ngtreqlessslant
≥ \geq ó \gtrneqqless ⋘ \lll ⪌̸ \ngtreqqless
⊵ \geqclosed ≳ \gtrsim ⪉ \lnapprox ≹ \ngtrless
u \geqdot ≤ \leq ≨ \lneqq ≰ \nleq
≧ \geqq ⊴ \leqclosed ≴ \lnsim ⋬ \nleqclosed
⩾ \geqslant t \leqdot ⪖̸ \neqslantgtr ̸ \nleqdot
⪀ \geqslantdot ≦ \leqq ⪕̸ \neqslantless ≦̸ \nleqq
≫ \gg ⩽ \leqslant ≱ \ngeq ≰ \nleqslant
⋙ \ggg ⩿ \leqslantdot ⋭ \ngeqclosed ⩿̸ \nleqslantdot
⪊ \gnapprox < \less ̸ \ngeqdot ≮ \nless
≩ \gneqq ⪅ \lessapprox ≧̸ \ngeqq ⋪ \nlessclosed
≵ \gnsim ⊲ \lessclosed ≱ \ngeqslant ⋖̸ \nlessdot
> \gtr ⋖ \lessdot ⪀̸ \ngeqslantdot ⋚̸ \nlesseqgtr
⪆ \gtrapprox ⋚ \lesseqgtr ≫̸ \ngg ̸ \nlesseqgtrslant
⊳ \gtrclosed N \lesseqgtrslant ⋙̸ \nggg ⪋̸ \nlesseqqgtr
⋗ \gtrdot ⪋ \lesseqqgtr ≯ \ngtr ≸ \nlessgtr
⋛ \gtreqless ≶ \lessgtr ⋫ \ngtrclosed ≪̸ \nll
O \gtreqlessslant ò \lessneqqgtr ⋗̸ \ngtrdot ⋘̸ \nlll

MnSymbol additionally defines synonyms for some of the preceding symbols:

⋙ \gggtr (same as \ggg)
≩ \gvertneqq (same as \gneqq)
⊲ \lhd (same as \lessclosed)
⋘ \llless (same as \lll)
≨ \lvertneqq (same as \lneqq)
⋬ \ntrianglelefteq (same as \nleqclosed)
⋪ \ntriangleleft (same as \nlessclosed)
⋭ \ntrianglerighteq (same as \ngeqclosed)
⋫ \ntriangleright (same as \ngtrclosed)
⊳ \rhd (same as \gtrclosed)
⊴ \trianglelefteq (same as \leqclosed)
⊵ \trianglerighteq (same as \geqclosed)
⊴ \unlhd (same as \leqclosed)
⊵ \unrhd (same as \geqclosed)
⊲ \vartriangleleft (same as \lessclosed)
⊳ \vartriangleright (same as \gtrclosed)

63
 Table 127: fdsymbol Inequalities

⪖ \eqslantgtr ⩿ \leqslantdot ⪆̸ \ngtrapprox

⪕ \eqslantless ⪨ \leqslcc ⪧̸ \ngtrcc
≥ \geq < \less ⋫ \ngtrclosed
⊵ \geqclosed ⪅ \lessapprox ⋗̸ \ngtrdot
c \geqdot ⪦ \lesscc ⋛̸ \ngtreqless
≧ \geqq ⊲ \lessclosed ⪌̸ \ngtreqqless
⩾ \geqslant ⋖ \lessdot ⋛̸ \ngtreqslantless
⪀ \geqslantdot ⋚ \lesseqgtr ≹ \ngtrless
⪩ \geqslcc ⪋ \lesseqqgtr ≵ \ngtrsim
≫ \gg ⋚ \lesseqslantgtr ≰ \nleq
⋙ \ggg ≶ \lessgtr ⋬ \nleqclosed
⪊ \gnapprox ≲ \lesssim ̸ \nleqdot
⪈ \gneq ≪ \ll ≦̸ \nleqq
≩ \gneqq ⋘ \lll ⩽̸ \nleqslant
⋧ \gnsim ⪉ \lnapprox ⩿̸ \nleqslantdot
> \gtr ⪇ \lneq ⪨̸ \nleqslcc
⪆ \gtrapprox ≨ \lneqq ≮ \nless
⪧ \gtrcc ⋦ \lnsim ⪅̸ \nlessapprox
⊳ \gtrclosed ⪖̸ \neqslantgtr ⪦̸ \nlesscc
⋗ \gtrdot ⪕̸ \neqslantless ⋪ \nlessclosed
⋛ \gtreqless ≱ \ngeq ⋖̸ \nlessdot
⪌ \gtreqqless ⋭ \ngeqclosed ⋚̸ \nlesseqgtr
⋛ \gtreqslantless ̸ \ngeqdot ⪋̸ \nlesseqqgtr
≷ \gtrless ≧̸ \ngeqq ⋚̸ \nlesseqslantgtr
≳ \gtrsim ⩾̸ \ngeqslant ≸ \nlessgtr
≤ \leq ⪀̸ \ngeqslantdot ≴ \nlesssim
⊴ \leqclosed ⪩̸ \ngeqslcc ≪̸ \nll
b \leqdot ≫̸ \ngg ⋘̸ \nlll
≦ \leqq ⋙̸ \nggg
⩽ \leqslant ≯ \ngtr

fdsymbol defines synonyms for some of the preceding symbols:

≥ \ge ⩿ \lesdot ⪧̸ \ngtcc

⪩ \gescc ⋚ \lesg ⋛̸ \ngtreqlessslant
⪀ \gesdot ⋚ \lesseqgtrslant ⪨̸ \nlescc
⋛ \gesl ⊲ \lhd ⩿̸ \nlesdot
⋙ \gggtr ⋘ \llless ⋚̸ \nlesg
⪧ \gtcc ⪦ \ltcc ⋚̸ \nlesseqgtrslant
⋛ \gtreqlessslant ≨ \lvertneqq ⪦̸ \nltcc
≩ \gvertneqq ⪩̸ \ngescc ⊳ \rhd

(continued on next page)

64
 (continued from previous page)

≤ \le ⪀̸ \ngesdot ⊴ \unlhd

⪨ \lescc ⋛̸ \ngesl ⊵ \unrhd

Table 128: boisik Inequalities

Ë \eqslantgtr ù \gtcir Æ \lesseqqgtr ƒ \ngeq
Ê \eqslantless ¿ \gtrapprox  \lessgtr ‘ \ngeqq
Á \geqq Å \gtreqless ¼ \lesssim ‹ \ngeqslant
É \geqslant Ç \gtreqqless Ö \lll … \ngtr
× \ggg à \gtrless š \lnapprox ‚ \nleq
ú \glj ½ \gtrsim Œ \lneq  \nleqq
› \gnapprox  \gvertneqq ˆ \lneqq Š \nleqslant
 \gneq À \leqq ’ \lnsim „ \nless
‰ \gneqq È \leqslant Î \Lt
“ \gnsim ¾ \lessapprox ø \ltcir
Ï \Gt Ä \lesseqgtr € \lvertneqq

Table 129: stix Inequalities

⪘ \egsdot ⩼ \gtquest ⋦ \lnsim

⪗ \elsdot ⪆ \gtrapprox ⪍ \lsime
⋝ \eqgtr ⥸ \gtrarr ⪏ \lsimg
⋜ \eqless ⋗ \gtrdot ⪡ \Lt
⪚ \eqqgtr ⋛ \gtreqless ⪦ \ltcc
⪙ \eqqless ⪌ \gtreqqless ⩹ \ltcir
⪜ \eqqslantgtr ≷ \gtrless ⥶ \ltlarr
⪛ \eqqslantless ≳ \gtrsim ⩻ \ltquest
⪖ \eqslantgtr ≩ \gvertneqq ≨ \lvertneqq
⪕ \eqslantless ⪫ \lat  \neqslantgtr
≥ \geq ⪭ \late  \neqslantless
≧ \geqq ⥷ \leftarrowless ≱ \ngeq
⫺ \geqqslant ≤ \leq  \ngeqq
⩾ \geqslant ≦ \leqq  \ngeqslant
⪩ \gescc ⫹ \leqqslant  \ngg
⪀ \gesdot ⩽ \leqslant ≯ \ngtr
⪂ \gesdoto ⪨ \lescc ≹ \ngtrless
⪄ \gesdotol ⩿ \lesdot ≵ \ngtrsim

(continued on next page)

65
(continued from previous page)

⪔ \gesles ⪁ \lesdoto ≰ \nleq

≫ \gg ⪃ \lesdotor  \nleqq
⋙ \ggg ⪓ \lesges  \nleqslant
⫸ \gggnest ⪅ \lessapprox ≮ \nless
⪥ \gla ⋖ \lessdot ≸ \nlessgtr
⪒ \glE ⋚ \lesseqgtr ≴ \nlesssim
⪤ \glj ⪋ \lesseqqgtr  \nll
⪊ \gnapprox ≶ \lessgtr ⪣ \partialmeetcontraction
⪈ \gneq ≲ \lesssim ⭃ \rightarrowgtr
≩ \gneqq ⪑ \lgE ⪠ \simgE
⋧ \gnsim ≪ \ll ⪞ \simgtr
⪎ \gsime ⋘ \lll ⪟ \simlE
⪐ \gsiml ⫷ \lllnest ⪝ \simless
⪢ \Gt ⪉ \lnapprox ⪪ \smt
⪧ \gtcc ⪇ \lneq ⪬ \smte
⩺ \gtcir ≨ \lneqq

stix defines \le as a synonym for \leq, \ge as a synonym for \geq, \llless
as a synonym for \lll, \gggtr as a synonym for \ggg, \nle as a synonym for
\nleq, and \nge as a synonym for \ngeq.

Table 130: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Triangle Relations

J \blacktriangleleft 7 \ntriangleright D \trianglerighteq
I \blacktriangleright 4 \ntrianglerighteq C \vartriangleleft
6 \ntriangleleft E \trianglelefteq B \vartriangleright
5 \ntrianglelefteq , \triangleq

Table 131: stmaryrd Triangle Relations

P \trianglelefteqslant Q \trianglerighteqslant
R \ntrianglelefteqslant S \ntrianglerighteqslant

Table 132: mathabx Triangle Relations

Ž \ntriangleleft Ÿ \triangleleft Ÿ \vartriangleleft
đ \ntrianglelefteq IJ \trianglelefteq Ź \vartriangleright
Ż \ntriangleright Ź \triangleright
§ \ntrianglerighteq İ \trianglerighteq

66
 Table 133: MnSymbol Triangle Relations
▼ \filledmedtriangledown
◀ \filledmedtriangleleft
▶ \filledmedtriangleright
▲ \filledmedtriangleup
▾ \filledtriangledown
◂ \filledtriangleleft
▸ \filledtriangleright
▴ \filledtriangleup
▽ \largetriangledown
◁ \largetriangleleft
▷ \largetriangleright
△ \largetriangleup ▿ \smalltriangledown
▽ \medtriangledown ◃ \smalltriangleleft
◁ \medtriangleleft ▹ \smalltriangleright
▷ \medtriangleright ▵ \smalltriangleup
△ \medtriangleup ≜ \triangleeq
≜̸ \ntriangleeq ⊴ \trianglelefteq
⋪ \ntriangleleft ⊵ \trianglerighteq
⋬ \ntrianglelefteq ⊲ \vartriangleleft
⋫ \ntriangleright ⊳ \vartriangleright
⋭ \ntrianglerighteq
d \otriangle

MnSymbol additionally defines synonyms for many of the preceding sym-

bols: \triangleq is a synonym for \triangleeq; \lhd and \lessclosed
are synonyms for \vartriangleleft; \rhd and \gtrclosed are syn-
onyms for \vartriangleright; \unlhd and \leqclosed are syn-
onyms for \trianglelefteq; \unrhd and \geqclosed are synonyms
for \trianglerighteq; \blacktriangledown, \blacktriangleleft,
\blacktriangleright, and \blacktriangle [sic] are synonyms for,
respectively, \filledmedtriangledown, \filledmedtriangleleft,
\filledmedtriangleright, and \filledmedtriangleup; \triangleright
is a synonym for \medtriangleright; \triangle, \vartriangle, and
\bigtriangleup are synonyms for \medtriangleup; \triangleleft is a
synonym for \medtriangleleft; \triangledown and \bigtriangledown
are synonyms for \medtriangledown; \nlessclosed is a synonym for
\ntriangleleft; \ngtrclosed is a synonym for \ntriangleright;
\nleqclosed is a synonym for \ntrianglelefteq; and \ngeqclosed is
a synonym for \ntrianglerighteq.

The title “Triangle Relations” is a bit of a misnomer here as only \triangleeq

and \ntriangleeq are defined as TEX relations (class 3 symbols). The
\largetriangle. . . symbols are defined as TEX “ordinary” characters (class 0)
and all of the remaining characters are defined as TEX binary operators
(class 2).

67
 Table 134: fdsymbol Triangle Relations

⊵ \geqclosed ▽ \medtriangledown ◂ \smallblacktriangleleft

⊳ \gtrclosed
_ \largetriangledown
^ \largetriangleup
⊴ \leqclosed
⊲ \lessclosed
▼ \medblacktriangledown
◀ \medblacktriangleleft
▶ \medblacktriangleright
▲ \medblacktriangleup
◁ \medtriangleleft
▷ \medtriangleright
△ \medtriangleup
⋭ \ngeqclosed
⋫ \ngtrclosed
⋬ \nleqclosed
⋪ \nlessclosed
≜̸ \ntriangleeq
▾ \smallblacktriangledown
▸ \smallblacktriangleright
▴ \smallblacktriangleup
▿ \smalltriangledown
◃ \smalltriangleleft
▹ \smalltriangleright
▵ \smalltriangleup
≜ \triangleeq

fdsymbol defines synonyms for almost all of the preceding symbols:

_ \bigtriangledown
^ \bigtriangleup
▲ \blacktriangle
▼ \blacktriangledown
◀ \blacktriangleleft
▶ \blacktriangleright
⋪ \ntriangleleft
⋬ \ntrianglelefteq
⋫ \ntriangleright
⋭ \ntrianglerighteq
△ \triangle
▽ \triangledown
◁ \triangleleft
⊴ \trianglelefteq
≜ \triangleq
▷ \triangleright
⊵ \trianglerighteq
△ \vartriangle
⊲ \vartriangleleft
⊳ \vartriangleright

The title “Triangle Relations” is a bit of a misnomer here as only \triangleeq

and \ntriangleeq are defined as TEX relations (class 3 symbols). The
\largetriangle. . . symbols are defined as TEX “ordinary” characters (class 0)
and all of the remaining characters are defined as TEX binary operators
(class 2).

Table 135: boisik Triangle Relations

¶ \ntriangleleft ç \trianglelefteq ä \varlrttriangle
µ \ntrianglelefteq Ò \trianglelefteqslant ì \vartriangle
· \ntriangleright þ \triangleright å \vartriangleleft
´ \ntrianglerighteq æ \trianglerighteq ä \vartriangleright
ÿ \triangleleft Ó \trianglerighteqslant

Table 136: stix Triangle Relations

⧡ \lrtriangleeq
⧏ \ltrivb
⋬ \ntrianglelefteq
⋭ \ntrianglerighteq
⋪ \nvartriangleleft
⋫ \nvartriangleright ▵ \vartriangle
⧎ \rtriltri ⊲ \vartriangleleft
⊴ \trianglelefteq ⊳ \vartriangleright
≜ \triangleq ⧐ \vbrtri
⊵ \trianglerighteq

68
 Table 137: Arrows
⇓ \Downarrow ←− \longleftarrow ↖ \nwarrow
↓ \downarrow ⇐= \Longleftarrow ⇒ \Rightarrow
←˒ \hookleftarrow ←→ \longleftrightarrow → \rightarrow
˓→ \hookrightarrow ⇐⇒ \Longleftrightarrow ↘ \searrow
{ \leadsto* ↦−→ \longmapsto ↘ \swarrow
← \leftarrow =⇒ \Longrightarrow ↑ \uparrow
⇐ \Leftarrow −→ \longrightarrow ⇑ \Uparrow
⇔ \Leftrightarrow ↦→ \mapsto ↕ \updownarrow
↔ \leftrightarrow ↗ \nearrow† ⇕ \Updownarrow
*
Not predefined by the LATEX 2𝜀 core. Use the latexsym package to expose this
symbol.
†
See the note beneath Table 236 for information about how to put a diagonal
*0
⃗

∇ · 𝐵 ”) .
arrow across a mathematical expression (as in “ 

Table 138: Harpoons

↽ \leftharpoondown ⇁ \rightharpoondown ⇀
↽ \rightleftharpoons
↼ \leftharpoonup ⇀ \rightharpoonup

Table 139: textcomp Text-mode Arrows

↓ \textdownarrow → \textrightarrow
← \textleftarrow ↑ \textuparrow

Table 140: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Arrows

\circlearrowleft
 \circlearrowright
x \curvearrowleft
y \curvearrowright
c \dashleftarrow
d \dashrightarrow
 \downdownarrows
 \leftarrowtail
⇔ \leftleftarrows
 \leftrightarrows
! \leftrightsquigarrow
W \Lleftarrow
" \looparrowleft
# \looparrowright
 \Lsh
 \rightarrowtail
 \rightleftarrows
⇒ \rightrightarrows
\rightsquigarrow
 \Rsh
 \twoheadleftarrow
 \twoheadrightarrow
 \upuparrows

Table 141: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Negated Arrows

: \nLeftarrow < \nLeftrightarrow ; \nRightarrow
8 \nleftarrow = \nleftrightarrow 9 \nrightarrow

Table 142: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Harpoons

 \downharpoonleft  \leftrightharpoons  \upharpoonleft
 \downharpoonright
\rightleftharpoons  \upharpoonright

69

^ \leftarrowtriangle
- \leftrightarroweq
] \leftrightarrowtriangle
\lightning
⇐=\ \Longmapsfrom
←−[ \longmapsfrom

=⇒ \Longmapsto
Table 144: txfonts/pxfonts Arrows
‹ \boxdotLeft
ƒ \boxdotleft
‚ \boxdotright
Š \boxdotRight
‰ \boxLeft
 \boxleft
€ \boxright
ˆ \boxRight
” \circleddotleft
ö \circlearrowleft
œ \circlearrowright
ó \curvearrowbotleft
õ \curvearrowbotleftright
ô \curvearrowbotright
ð \curvearrowleft
ò \curvearrowleftright
ñ \curvearrowright
ê \dlsh
Ó \downdownarrows
ß \downtouparrow
Π\downuparrows
ë \drsh
Table 146: mathabx Negated Arrows
ö \nLeftarrow
Ú \nleftarrow
Table 143: stmaryrd Arrows
⇐\ \Mapsfrom \shortleftarrow
←[ \mapsfrom
\shortrightarrow

⇒ \Mapsto  \shortuparrow
1 \nnearrow % \ssearrow
0 \nnwarrow $ \sswarrow
_ \rightarrowtriangle
 \shortdownarrow
“ \circleddotright … \Diamondleft
’ \circleleft „ \Diamondright
‘ \circleright Œ \DiamondRight
e \dashleftrightarrow f \leftsquigarrow
 \DiamonddotLeft t \Nearrow
‡ \Diamonddotleft v \Nwarrow
† \Diamonddotright V \Rrightarrow
Ž \DiamonddotRight u \Searrow
 \DiamondLeft w \Swarrow
Table 145: mathabx Arrows
Ð \leftarrow Ô \nwarrow
Ð \leftleftarrows æ \restriction
Ø \leftrightarrow Ñ \rightarrow
Ô \leftrightarrows Õ \rightleftarrows
ú \leftrightsquigarrow Ñ \rightrightarrows
ø \leftsquigarrow ù \rightsquigarrow
ü \lefttorightarrow ý \righttoleftarrow
î \looparrowdownleft é \Rsh
ï \looparrowdownright Œ \searrow
ì \looparrowleft Ö \swarrow
í \looparrowright Ö \updownarrows
è \Lsh þ \uptodownarrow
Õ \nearrow Ò \upuparrows
Ü \nleftrightarrow Û \nrightarrow
ø \nLeftrightarrow œ \nRightarrow
70
 Table 147: mathabx Harpoons
Þ \barleftharpoon à \leftharpoonup é \rightleftharpoons
ß \barrightharpoon Ø \leftleftharpoons Ù \rightrightharpoons
Û \downdownharpoons à \leftrightharpoon ê \updownharpoons
å \downharpoonleft è \leftrightharpoons ä \upharpoonleft
ç \downharpoonright Ý \rightbarharpoon æ \upharpoonright
ë \downupharpoons ã \rightharpoondown Ú \upupharpoons
Ü \leftbarharpoon á \rightharpoonup
â \leftharpoondown á \rightleftharpoon

Table 148: MnSymbol Arrows

Ë \curvearrowdownup ←Ð \longleftarrow ⤦ \rhookswarrow

È \curvearrowleftright ⇐Ô \Longleftarrow 9 \rhookuparrow
Ì \curvearrownesw ←→ \longleftrightarrow → \rightarrow
Í \curvearrownwse ⇐⇒ \Longleftrightarrow ⇒ \Rightarrow
Ê \curvearrowrightleft z→ \longmapsto ↣ \rightarrowtail
Ï \curvearrowsenw Ð→ \longrightarrow ⇄ \rightleftarrows
Î \curvearrowswne Ô⇒ \Longrightarrow ↝ \rightlsquigarrow
É \curvearrowupdown ↫ \looparrowleft ↦ \rightmapsto
⇣ \dasheddownarrow ↬ \looparrowright ⇉ \rightrightarrows
⇠ \dashedleftarrow ↰ \Lsh ¨ \rightrsquigarrow
d \dashednearrow ↗ \nearrow ⇛ \Rrightarrow
e \dashednwarrow ⇗ \Nearrow ↱ \Rsh
⇢ \dashedrightarrow $ \nearrowtail ↘ \searrow
g \dashedsearrow ¤ \nelsquigarrow ⇘ \Searrow
f \dashedswarrow , \nemapsto ' \searrowtail
⇡ \dasheduparrow ” \nenearrows § \selsquigarrow
⇓ \Downarrow ¬ \nersquigarrow / \semapsto
↓ \downarrow ⤡ \neswarrow Ÿ \senwarrows
# \downarrowtail  \Neswarrow ¯ \sersquigarrow
⇊ \downdownarrows š \neswarrows — \sesearrows
£ \downlsquigarrow ↖ \nwarrow ³ \squigarrowdownup
↧ \downmapsto ⇖ \Nwarrow ↭ \squigarrowleftright
« \downrsquigarrow % \nwarrowtail ´ \squigarrownesw
 \downuparrows ¥ \nwlsquigarrow µ \squigarrownwse
ÿ \lcirclearrowdown - \nwmapsto ² \squigarrowrightleft
⤾ \lcirclearrowleft • \nwnwarrows · \squigarrowsenw
⟳ \lcirclearrowright ­ \nwrsquigarrow ¶ \squigarrowswne
↻ \lcirclearrowup ⤢ \nwsearrow ± \squigarrowupdown
⤸ \lcurvearrowdown  \Nwsearrow ↙ \swarrow
º \lcurvearrowleft › \nwsearrows ⇙ \Swarrow
¼ \lcurvearrowne ∲ \partialvardlcircleleftint* & \swarrowtail
½ \lcurvearrownw ∲ \partialvardlcirclerightint* ¦ \swlsquigarrow
↷ \lcurvearrowright ∳ \partialvardrcircleleftint* . \swmapsto
¿ \lcurvearrowse ∳ \partialvardrcirclerightint* ž \swnearrows
¾ \lcurvearrowsw ∲ \partialvartlcircleleftint* ® \swrsquigarrow
¹ \lcurvearrowup ∲ \partialvartlcirclerightint* – \swswarrows
⇐ \Leftarrow ∳ \partialvartrcircleleftint* ↡ \twoheaddownarrow

(continued on next page)

71
(continued from previous page)
← \leftarrow ∳ \partialvartrcirclerightint*
↢ \leftarrowtail û \rcirclearrowdown
⇇ \leftleftarrows ⟲ \rcirclearrowleft
¢ \leftlsquigarrow ⤿ \rcirclearrowright
↤ \leftmapsto ↺ \rcirclearrowup
↔ \leftrightarrow ⤹ \rcurvearrowdown
⇔ \Leftrightarrow ↶ \rcurvearrowleft
⇆ \leftrightarrows Ä \rcurvearrowne
↜ \leftrsquigarrow Å \rcurvearrownw
3 \lhookdownarrow À \rcurvearrowright
2 \lhookleftarrow Ç \rcurvearrowse
4 \lhooknearrow Æ \rcurvearrowsw
⤣ \lhooknwarrow Á \rcurvearrowup
↪ \lhookrightarrow ; \rhookdownarrow
⤥ \lhooksearrow ↩ \rhookleftarrow
6 \lhookswarrow ⤤ \rhooknearrow
1 \lhookuparrow = \rhooknwarrow
☇ \lightning 8 \rhookrightarrow
⇚ \Lleftarrow ? \rhooksearrow
MnSymbol additionally defines synonyms for some of the preceding symbols:
↺ \circlearrowleft (same as
↻ \circlearrowright (same as
↶ \curvearrowleft (same as
↷ \curvearrowright (same as
⇠ \dashleftarrow (same as
⇢ \dashrightarrow (same as
↩ \hookleftarrow (same as
↪ \hookrightarrow (same as
↝ \leadsto (same as
↭ \leftrightsquigarrow (same as
↦ \mapsto (same as
↝ \rightsquigarrow (same as
*
The \partialvar. . . int macros are intended to be used internally by MnSym-
bol to produce various types of integrals.
Table 149: MnSymbol Negated Arrows
̸ \ncurvearrowdownup ⤣̸ \nlhooknwarrow
̸ \ncurvearrowleftright ↪̸ \nlhookrightarrow
̸ \ncurvearrownesw ⤥̸ \nlhooksearrow
̸ \ncurvearrownwse ̸ \nlhookswarrow
̸ \ncurvearrowrightleft ̸ \nlhookuparrow
̸ \ncurvearrowsenw ⇚̸ \nLleftarrow
̸ \ncurvearrowswne ↗̸ \nnearrow
̸ \ncurvearrowupdown ⇗̸ \nNearrow
72
↞ \twoheadleftarrow
 \twoheadnearrow
 \twoheadnwarrow
↠ \twoheadrightarrow
 \twoheadsearrow
 \twoheadswarrow
↟ \twoheaduparrow
↑ \uparrow
⇑ \Uparrow
! \uparrowtail
↕ \updownarrow
⇕ \Updownarrow
™ \updownarrows
¡ \uplsquigarrow
↥ \upmapsto
© \uprsquigarrow
⇈ \upuparrows
\rcirclearrowup)
\lcirclearrowup)
\rcurvearrowleft)
\lcurvearrowright)
\dashedleftarrow)
\dashedrightarrow)
\rhookleftarrow)
\lhookrightarrow)
\rightlsquigarrow)
\squigarrowleftright)
\rightmapsto)
\rightlsquigarrow)
⇄̸ \nrightleftarrows
↝̸ \nrightlsquigarrow
↦̸ \nrightmapsto
⇉̸ \nrightrightarrows
̸ \nrightrsquigarrow
⇛̸ \nRrightarrow
⇘̸ \nSearrow
↘̸ \nsearrow
(continued on next page)
(continued from previous page)
⇣̸ \ndasheddownarrow
⇠̸ \ndashedleftarrow
̸ \ndashednearrow
̸ \ndashednwarrow
⇢̸ \ndashedrightarrow
̸ \ndashedsearrow
̸ \ndashedswarrow
⇡̸ \ndasheduparrow
↓̸ \ndownarrow
⇓̸ \nDownarrow
̸ \ndownarrowtail
⇊̸ \ndowndownarrows
̸ \ndownlsquigarrow
↧̸ \ndownmapsto
̸ \ndownrsquigarrow
̸ \ndownuparrows
̸ \nlcirclearrowdown
⤾̸ \nlcirclearrowleft
⟳̸ \nlcirclearrowright
↻̸ \nlcirclearrowup
⤸̸ \nlcurvearrowdown
̸ \nlcurvearrowleft
̸ \nlcurvearrowne
̸ \nlcurvearrownw
↷̸ \nlcurvearrowright
̸ \nlcurvearrowse
̸ \nlcurvearrowsw
̸ \nlcurvearrowup
⇍ \nLeftarrow
↚ \nleftarrow
↢̸ \nleftarrowtail
⇇̸ \nleftleftarrows
̸ \nleftlsquigarrow
↤̸ \nleftmapsto
↮ \nleftrightarrow
⇎ \nLeftrightarrow
⇆̸ \nleftrightarrows
↜̸ \nleftrsquigarrow
̸ \nlhookdownarrow
̸ \nlhookleftarrow
̸ \nlhooknearrow
MnSymbol additionally defines synonyms for some of the preceding symbols:
̸ \nnearrowtail ̸ \nsearrowtail
̸ \nnelsquigarrow ̸ \nselsquigarrow
̸ \nnemapsto ̸ \nsemapsto
̸ \nnenearrows ̸ \nsenwarrows
̸ \nnersquigarrow ̸ \nsersquigarrow
̸ \nNeswarrow ̸ \nsesearrows
⤡̸ \nneswarrow ̸ \nsquigarrowdownup
̸ \nneswarrows ̸ \nsquigarrowleftright
⇖̸ \nNwarrow ̸ \nsquigarrownesw
↖̸ \nnwarrow ̸ \nsquigarrownwse
̸ \nnwarrowtail ̸ \nsquigarrowrightleft
̸ \nnwlsquigarrow ̸ \nsquigarrowsenw
̸ \nnwmapsto ̸ \nsquigarrowswne
̸ \nnwnwarrows ̸ \nsquigarrowupdown
̸ \nnwrsquigarrow ↙̸ \nswarrow
⤢̸ \nnwsearrow ⇙̸ \nSwarrow
̸ \nNwsearrow ̸ \nswarrowtail
̸ \nnwsearrows ̸ \nswlsquigarrow
̸ \nrcirclearrowdown ̸ \nswmapsto
⟲̸ \nrcirclearrowleft ̸ \nswnearrows
⤿̸ \nrcirclearrowright ̸ \nswrsquigarrow
↺̸ \nrcirclearrowup ̸ \nswswarrows
⤹̸ \nrcurvearrowdown ↡̸ \ntwoheaddownarrow
↶̸ \nrcurvearrowleft ↞̸ \ntwoheadleftarrow
̸ \nrcurvearrowne ̸ \ntwoheadnearrow
̸ \nrcurvearrownw ̸ \ntwoheadnwarrow
̸ \nrcurvearrowright ↠̸ \ntwoheadrightarrow
̸ \nrcurvearrowse ̸ \ntwoheadsearrow
̸ \nrcurvearrowsw ̸ \ntwoheadswarrow
̸ \nrcurvearrowup ↟̸ \ntwoheaduparrow
̸ \nrhookdownarrow ↑̸ \nuparrow
↩̸ \nrhookleftarrow ⇑̸ \nUparrow
⤤̸ \nrhooknearrow ̸ \nuparrowtail
̸ \nrhooknwarrow ↕̸ \nupdownarrow
̸ \nrhookrightarrow ⇕̸ \nUpdownarrow
̸ \nrhooksearrow ̸ \nupdownarrows
⤦̸ \nrhookswarrow ̸ \nuplsquigarrow
̸ \nrhookuparrow ↥̸ \nupmapsto
↛ \nrightarrow ̸ \nuprsquigarrow
⇏ \nRightarrow ⇈̸ \nupuparrows
↣̸ \nrightarrowtail
73
 ↺̸ \ncirclearrowleft (same as \nrcirclearrowup)
↻̸ \ncirclearrowright (same as \nlcirclearrowup)
↶̸ \ncurvearrowleft (same as \nrcurvearrowleft)
↷̸ \ncurvearrowright (same as \nlcurvearrowright)
⇢̸ \ndasharrow (same as \ndashedrightarrow)
⇠̸ \ndashleftarrow (same as \ndashedleftarrow)
⇢̸ \ndashrightarrow (same as \ndashedrightarrow)
↚ \ngets (same as \nleftarrow)
↩̸ \nhookleftarrow (same as \nrhookleftarrow)
↪̸ \nhookrightarrow (same as \nlhookrightarrow)
↝̸ \nleadsto (same as \nrightlsquigarrow)
̸ \nleftrightsquigarrow (same as \nsquigarrowleftright)
↦̸ \nmapsto (same as \nrightmapsto)
↝̸ \nrightsquigarrow (same as \nrightlsquigarrow)
↛ \nto (same as \nrightarrow)

Table 150: MnSymbol Harpoons

⇂ \downharpoonccw *
Z \neswharpoons O \seharpooncw
⇃ \downharpooncw* V \neswharpoonsenw [ \senwharpoons
⥯ \downupharpoons E \nwharpoonccw F \swharpoonccw
↽ \leftharpoonccw* M \nwharpooncw N \swharpooncw
↼ \leftharpooncw* S \nwseharpoonnesw ^ \swneharpoons
⥊ \leftrightharpoondownup _ \nwseharpoons Q \updownharpoonleftright
⇋ \leftrightharpoons W \nwseharpoonswne U \updownharpoonrightleft
⥋ \leftrightharpoonupdown ⇀ \rightharpoonccw* ⥮ \updownharpoons
D \neharpoonccw ⇁ \rightharpooncw* ↿ \upharpoonccw*
L \neharpooncw ⇌ \rightleftharpoons ↾ \upharpooncw*
R \neswharpoonnwse G \seharpoonccw
*
Where marked, the “ccw” suffix can be replaced with “up” and the “cw” suffix
can be replaced with “down”. (In addition, \upharpooncw can be written as
\restriction.)

Table 151: MnSymbol Negated Harpoons

⇂̸ \ndownharpoonccw* ̸ \nneswharpoons ̸ \nseharpooncw

⇃̸ \ndownharpooncw* ̸ \nneswharpoonsenw ̸ \nsenwharpoons
⥯̸ \ndownupharpoons ̸ \nnwharpoonccw ̸ \nswharpoonccw
↽̸ \nleftharpoonccw* ̸ \nnwharpooncw ̸ \nswharpooncw
↼̸ \nleftharpooncw* ̸ \nnwseharpoonnesw ̸ \nswneharpoons
⥊̸ \nleftrightharpoondownup ̸ \nnwseharpoons ̸ \nupdownharpoonleftright
⇋̸ \nleftrightharpoons ̸ \nnwseharpoonswne ̸ \nupdownharpoonrightleft
⥋̸ \nleftrightharpoonupdown ⇀̸ \nrightharpoonccw* ⥮̸ \nupdownharpoons
̸ \nneharpoonccw ⇁̸ \nrightharpooncw* ↿̸ \nupharpoonccw*
̸ \nneharpooncw ⇌̸ \nrightleftharpoons ↾̸ \nupharpooncw*
̸ \nneswharpoonnwse ̸ \nseharpoonccw
*
Where marked, the “ccw” suffix can be replaced with “up” and the “cw” suffix
can be replaced with “down”. (In addition, \nupharpooncw can be written as
\nrestriction.)

74
 Table 152: fdsymbol Arrows

⟲ \acwcirclearrowdown ← \leftarrow ⇉ \rightrightarrows

↺ \acwcirclearrowleft ↢ \leftarrowtail ↝ \rightwavearrow
± \acwcirclearrowright ⇠ \leftbkarrow ⇛ \Rrightarrow
® \acwcirclearrowup ⇇ \leftleftarrows ↱ \Rsh
⤹ \acwleftarcarrow ↤ \leftmapsto ↘ \searrow
¡ \acwnearcarrow ⤆ \Leftmapsto ⇘ \Searrow
¢ \acwnwarcarrow ⇔ \Leftrightarrow ' \searrowtail
⤺ \acwoverarcarrow ↔ \leftrightarrow g \sebkarrow
 \acwrightarcarrow ⇆ \leftrightarrows ‡ \senwarrows
⤴ \acwsearcarrow ↭ \leftrightwavearrow  \sesearrows
⤷ \acwswarcarrow ↜ \leftwavearrow ⇙ \Swarrow
⤻ \acwunderarcarrow ↯ \lightning ↙ \swarrow
¥ \bdleftarcarrow ⇚ \Lleftarrow & \swarrowtail
« \bdnearcarrow ⟸ \Longleftarrow f \swbkarrow
¨ \bdnwarcarrow ⟵ \longleftarrow † \swnearrows
¤ \bdoverarcarrow ⟷ \longleftrightarrow ~ \swswarrows
§ \bdrightarcarrow ⟺ \Longleftrightarrow ↡ \twoheaddownarrow
ª \bdsearcarrow ⬳ \longleftwavearrow ↞ \twoheadleftarrow
© \bdswarcarrow ⟽ \Longmapsfrom  \twoheadnearrow
¦ \bdunderarcarrow ⟻ \longmapsfrom  \twoheadnwarrow
⟳ \cwcirclearrowdown ⟾ \Longmapsto ↠ \twoheadrightarrow
µ \cwcirclearrowleft ⟼ \longmapsto  \twoheadsearrow
↻ \cwcirclearrowright ⟶ \longrightarrow  \twoheadswarrow
´ \cwcirclearrowup ⟹ \Longrightarrow ↟ \twoheaduparrow
• \cwleftarcarrow ⟿ \longrightwavearrow ↑ \uparrow
⤵ \cwnearcarrow ↫ \looparrowleft ⇑ \Uparrow
˜ \cwnwarcarrow ↬ \looparrowright ! \uparrowtail
” \cwoverarcarrow ↰ \Lsh ⇡ \upbkarrow
⤸ \cwrightarcarrow ↗ \nearrow ⇕ \Updownarrow
⤶ \cwsearcarrow ⇗ \Nearrow ↕ \updownarrow
™ \cwswarcarrow $ \nearrowtail ⇅ \updownarrows
– \cwunderarcarrow d \nebkarrow ‘ \updownwavearrow
⤋ \Ddownarrow | \nenearrows ↥ \upmapsto
⇓ \Downarrow  \Neswarrow - \Upmapsto
↓ \downarrow ⤡ \neswarrow ⇈ \upuparrows
# \downarrowtail ‚ \neswarrows  \upwavearrow
⇣ \downbkarrow ⇖ \Nwarrow ⤊ \Uuparrow
⇊ \downdownarrows ↖ \nwarrow  \vardownwavearrow
/ \Downmapsto % \nwarrowtail 3 \varhookdownarrow
↧ \downmapsto e \nwbkarrow ↩ \varhookleftarrow
⇵ \downuparrows } \nwnwarrows ⤤ \varhooknearrow
‹ \downwavearrow  \Nwsearrow ⤣ \varhooknwarrow
; \hookdownarrow ⤢ \nwsearrow ↪ \varhookrightarrow
↩ \hookleftarrow ƒ \nwsearrows ⤥ \varhooksearrow
⤤ \hooknearrow ↳ \Rdsh ⤦ \varhookswarrow
⤣ \hooknwarrow ⇒ \Rightarrow 9 \varhookuparrow
↪ \hookrightarrow → \rightarrow ↭ \varleftrightwavearrow
⤥ \hooksearrow ↣ \rightarrowtail ↜ \varleftwavearrow
⤦ \hookswarrow ⇢ \rightbkarrow ↝ \varrightwavearrow
1 \hookuparrow ⇄ \rightleftarrows “ \varupdownwavearrow
↲ \Ldsh ⤇ \Rightmapsto ‰ \varupwavearrow

(continued on next page)

75
 (continued from previous page)

⇐ \Leftarrow ↦ \rightmapsto

fdsymbol defines synonyms for most of the preceding symbols:

⟲ \acwgapcirclearrow ↭ \leftrightsquigarrow ⤣ \rhooknwarrow

↺ \acwopencirclearrow
↺ \circlearrowleft
↻ \circlearrowright
⤺ \curvearrowleft
” \curvearrowright
⟳ \cwgapcirclearrow
↻ \cwopencirclearrow
⇢ \dasharrow
⇠ \dashleftarrow
⇢ \dashrightarrow
⤸ \downlcurvearrow
¢ \downleftcurvedarrow
‹ \downlsquigarrow
⤹ \downrcurvearrow
⤵ \downrightcurvedarrow
 \downrsquigarrow
§ \downupcurvearrow
“ \downupsquigarrow
↯ \downzigzagarrow
← \gets
⤤ \hknearrow
⤣ \hknwarrow
⤥ \hksearrow
⤦ \hkswarrow
↝ \leadsto
↜ \leftcurvedarrow
⤶ \leftdowncurvedarrow
– \leftlcurvearrow
↜ \leftlsquigarrow
⤺ \leftrcurvearrow
¤ \leftrightcurvearrow
↜ \leftrsquigarrow
↜ \leftsquigarrow
¡ \leftupcurvedarrow
3 \lhookdownarrow
↩ \lhookleftarrow
⤤ \lhooknearrow
⤣ \lhooknwarrow
↪ \lhookrightarrow
⤥ \lhooksearrow
⤦ \lhookswarrow
1 \lhookuparrow
⟿ \longleadsto
⬳ \longleftsquigarrow
⟿ \longrightsquigarrow
↧ \mapsdown
/ \Mapsdown
↤ \mapsfrom
⤆ \Mapsfrom
↦ \mapsto
⤇ \Mapsto
↥ \mapsup
- \Mapsup
˜ \nelcurvearrow
⤴ \nercurvearrow
¨ \neswcurvearrow
™ \nwlcurvearrow
¡ \nwrcurvearrow
© \nwsecurvearrow
; \rhookdownarrow
↩ \rhookleftarrow
⤤ \rhooknearrow
↪ \rhookrightarrow
⤥ \rhooksearrow
⤦ \rhookswarrow
9 \rhookuparrow
↝ \rightcurvedarrow
⤷ \rightdowncurvedarrow
” \rightlcurvearrow
¦ \rightleftcurvearrow
↭ \rightleftsquigarrow
↝ \rightlsquigarrow
⤻ \rightrcurvearrow
↝ \rightrsquigarrow
↝ \rightsquigarrow
˜ \rightupcurvedarrow
⤵ \selcurvearrow
« \senwcurvearrow
⤷ \sercurvearrow
⤶ \swlcurvearrow
ª \swnecurvearrow
¢ \swrcurvearrow
→ \to
¥ \updowncurvearrow
‘ \updownsquigarrow
• \uplcurvearrow
™ \upleftcurvedarrow
‰ \uplsquigarrow
 \uprcurvearrow
⤴ \uprightcurvearrow
 \uprsquigarrow

Table 153: fdsymbol Negated Arrows

⟲̸ \nacwcirclearrowdown ↚ \nleftarrow ⇛̸ \nRrightarrow

↺̸ \nacwcirclearrowleft ⇍ \nLeftarrow ↘̸ \nsearrow
̸ \nacwcirclearrowright ↢̸ \nleftarrowtail ⇘̸ \nSearrow
̸ \nacwcirclearrowup ⇠̸ \nleftbkarrow ̸ \nsearrowtail
⤹̸ \nacwleftarcarrow ⇇̸ \nleftleftarrows ̸ \nsebkarrow
̸ \nacwnearcarrow ↤̸ \nleftmapsto ̸ \nsenwarrows
̸ \nacwnwarcarrow ⤆̸ \nLeftmapsto ̸ \nsesearrows
⤺̸ \nacwoverarcarrow ↮ \nleftrightarrow ↙̸ \nswarrow

(continued on next page)

76
(continued from previous page)

̸ \nacwrightarcarrow ⇎ \nLeftrightarrow ⇙̸ \nSwarrow

⤴̸ \nacwsearcarrow ⇆̸ \nleftrightarrows ̸ \nswarrowtail
⤷̸ \nacwswarcarrow ↭̸ \nleftrightwavearrow ̸ \nswbkarrow
⤻̸ \nacwunderarcarrow ↜̸ \nleftwavearrow ̸ \nswnearrows
̸ \nbdleftarcarrow ⇚̸ \nLleftarrow ̸ \nswswarrows
̸ \nbdnearcarrow ⟵̸ \nlongleftarrow ↡̸ \ntwoheaddownarrow
̸ \nbdnwarcarrow ⟸̸ \nLongleftarrow ↞̸ \ntwoheadleftarrow
̸ \nbdoverarcarrow ⟷̸ \nlongleftrightarrow ̸ \ntwoheadnearrow
̸ \nbdrightarcarrow ⟺̸ \nLongleftrightarrow ̸ \ntwoheadnwarrow
̸ \nbdsearcarrow ⬳̸ \nlongleftwavearrow ↠̸ \ntwoheadrightarrow
̸ \nbdswarcarrow ⟻̸ \nlongmapsfrom ̸ \ntwoheadsearrow
̸ \nbdunderarcarrow ⟽̸ \nLongmapsfrom ̸ \ntwoheadswarrow
⟳̸ \ncwcirclearrowdown ⟼̸ \nlongmapsto ↟̸ \ntwoheaduparrow
̸ \ncwcirclearrowleft ⟾̸ \nLongmapsto ↑̸ \nuparrow
↻̸ \ncwcirclearrowright ⟶̸ \nlongrightarrow ⇑̸ \nUparrow
̸ \ncwcirclearrowup ⟹̸ \nLongrightarrow ̸ \nuparrowtail
̸ \ncwleftarcarrow ⟿̸ \nlongrightwavearrow ⇡̸ \nupbkarrow
⤵̸ \ncwnearcarrow ↗̸ \nnearrow ↕̸ \nupdownarrow
̸ \ncwnwarcarrow ⇗̸ \nNearrow ⇕̸ \nUpdownarrow
̸ \ncwoverarcarrow ̸ \nnearrowtail ⇅̸ \nupdownarrows
⤸̸ \ncwrightarcarrow ̸ \nnebkarrow ̸ \nupdownwavearrow
⤶̸ \ncwsearcarrow ̸ \nnenearrows ↥̸ \nupmapsto
̸ \ncwswarcarrow ⤡̸ \nneswarrow ̸ \nUpmapsto
̸ \ncwunderarcarrow ̸ \nNeswarrow ⇈̸ \nupuparrows
⤋̸ \nDdownarrow ̸ \nneswarrows ̸ \nupwavearrow
↓̸ \ndownarrow ↖̸ \nnwarrow ⤊̸ \nUuparrow
⇓̸ \nDownarrow ⇖̸ \nNwarrow ̸ \nvardownwavearrow
̸ \ndownarrowtail ̸ \nnwarrowtail ̸ \nvarhookdownarrow
⇣̸ \ndownbkarrow ̸ \nnwbkarrow ↩̸ \nvarhookleftarrow
⇊̸ \ndowndownarrows ̸ \nnwnwarrows ⤤̸ \nvarhooknearrow
↧̸ \ndownmapsto ⤢̸ \nnwsearrow ⤣̸ \nvarhooknwarrow
̸ \nDownmapsto ̸ \nNwsearrow ↪̸ \nvarhookrightarrow
⇵̸ \ndownuparrows ̸ \nnwsearrows ⤥̸ \nvarhooksearrow
̸ \ndownwavearrow ↛ \nrightarrow ⤦̸ \nvarhookswarrow
̸ \nhookdownarrow ⇏ \nRightarrow ̸ \nvarhookuparrow
↩̸ \nhookleftarrow ↣̸ \nrightarrowtail ↭̸ \nvarleftrightwavearrow
⤤̸ \nhooknearrow ⇢̸ \nrightbkarrow ↜̸ \nvarleftwavearrow
⤣̸ \nhooknwarrow ⇄̸ \nrightleftarrows ↝̸ \nvarrightwavearrow
↪̸ \nhookrightarrow ↦̸ \nrightmapsto ̸ \nvarupdownwavearrow
⤥̸ \nhooksearrow ⤇̸ \nRightmapsto ̸ \nvarupwavearrow
⤦̸ \nhookswarrow ⇉̸ \nrightrightarrows
̸ \nhookuparrow ↝̸ \nrightwavearrow

fdsymbol defines synonyms for most of the preceding symbols:

⟲̸ \nacwgapcirclearrow ⤶̸ \nleftdowncurvedarrow ↝̸ \nrightcurvedarrow

↺̸ \nacwopencirclearrow ̸ \nleftlcurvearrow ⤷̸ \nrightdowncurvedarrow
↺̸ \ncirclearrowleft ↜̸ \nleftlsquigarrow ̸ \nrightlcurvearrow
↻̸ \ncirclearrowright ⤺̸ \nleftrcurvearrow ̸ \nrightleftcurvearrow
⤺̸ \ncurvearrowleft ̸ \nleftrightcurvearrow ↭̸ \nrightleftsquigarrow
̸ \ncurvearrowright ↭̸ \nleftrightsquigarrow ↝̸ \nrightlsquigarrow
⟳̸ \ncwgapcirclearrow ↜̸ \nleftrsquigarrow ⤻̸ \nrightrcurvearrow
↻̸ \ncwopencirclearrow ↜̸ \nleftsquigarrow ↝̸ \nrightrsquigarrow

(continued on next page)

77
(continued from previous page)
⇢̸ \ndasharrow
⇠̸ \ndashleftarrow
⇢̸ \ndashrightarrow
⤸̸ \ndownlcurvearrow
̸ \ndownleftcurvedarrow
̸ \ndownlsquigarrow
⤹̸ \ndownrcurvearrow
⤵̸ \ndownrightcurvedarrow
̸ \ndownrsquigarrow
̸ \ndownupcurvearrow
̸ \ndownupsquigarrow
↚ \ngets
⤤̸ \nhknearrow
⤣̸ \nhknwarrow
⤥̸ \nhksearrow
⤦̸ \nhkswarrow
↝̸ \nleadsto
↜̸ \nleftcurvedarrow
⇃ \downharpoonleft
⇂ \downharpoonright
⥯ \downupharpoons
↽ \leftharpoondown
↼ \leftharpoonup
⥊ \leftrightharpoondownup
⇋ \leftrightharpoons
⥋ \leftrightharpoonupdown
D \neharpoonnw
L \neharpoonse
R \neswharpoonnwse
fdsymbol defines \restriction as a synonym for \upharpoonright,
\updownharpoonsleftright as a synonym for \updownharpoons, and
\downupharpoonsleftright as a synonym for \downupharpoons.
̸ \nleftupcurvedarrow
⟿̸ \nlongleadsto
⬳̸ \nlongleftsquigarrow
⟿̸ \nlongrightsquigarrow
↧̸ \nmapsdown
̸ \nMapsdown
↤̸ \nmapsfrom
⤆̸ \nMapsfrom
↦̸ \nmapsto
⤇̸ \nMapsto
↥̸ \nmapsup
̸ \nMapsup
̸ \nnelcurvearrow
⤴̸ \nnercurvearrow
̸ \nneswcurvearrow
̸ \nnwlcurvearrow
̸ \nnwrcurvearrow
̸ \nnwsecurvearrow
Table 154: fdsymbol Harpoons
Z \neswharpoons
V \neswharpoonsenw
M \nwharpoonne
E \nwharpoonsw
S \nwseharpoonnesw
_ \nwseharpoons
W \nwseharpoonswne
⇁ \rightharpoondown
⇀ \rightharpoonup
⇌ \rightleftharpoons
G \seharpoonne
78
↝̸ \nrightsquigarrow
̸ \nrightupcurvedarrow
⤵̸ \nselcurvearrow
̸ \nsenwcurvearrow
⤷̸ \nsercurvearrow
⤶̸ \nswlcurvearrow
̸ \nswnecurvearrow
̸ \nswrcurvearrow
↛ \nto
̸ \nupdowncurvearrow
̸ \nupdownsquigarrow
̸ \nuplcurvearrow
̸ \nupleftcurvedarrow
̸ \nuplsquigarrow
̸ \nuprcurvearrow
⤴̸ \nuprightcurvearrow
̸ \nuprsquigarrow
O \seharpoonsw
[ \senwharpoons
N \swharpoonnw
F \swharpoonse
^ \swneharpoons
⥍ \updownharpoonleftright
⥌ \updownharpoonrightleft
⥮ \updownharpoons
↿ \upharpoonleft
↾ \upharpoonright
 Table 155: fdsymbol Negated Harpoons

⇃̸ \ndownharpoonleft ̸ \nneswharpoons ̸ \nseharpoonsw

⇂̸ \ndownharpoonright ̸ \nneswharpoonsenw ̸ \nsenwharpoons
⥯̸ \ndownupharpoons ̸ \nnwharpoonne ̸ \nswharpoonnw
↽̸ \nleftharpoondown ̸ \nnwharpoonsw ̸ \nswharpoonse
↼̸ \nleftharpoonup ̸ \nnwseharpoonnesw ̸ \nswneharpoons
⥊̸ \nleftrightharpoondownup ̸ \nnwseharpoons ⥍̸ \nupdownharpoonleftright
⇋̸ \nleftrightharpoons ̸ \nnwseharpoonswne ⥌̸ \nupdownharpoonrightleft
⥋̸ \nleftrightharpoonupdown ⇁̸ \nrightharpoondown ⥮̸ \nupdownharpoons
̸ \nneharpoonnw ⇀̸ \nrightharpoonup ↿̸ \nupharpoonleft
̸ \nneharpoonse ⇌̸ \nrightleftharpoons ↾̸ \nupharpoonright
̸ \nneswharpoonnwse ̸ \nseharpoonne

fdsymbol defines \nrestriction as a synonym for \nupharpoonright,

\ndownupharpoonsleftright as a synonym for \ndownupharpoons, and
\nupdownharpoonsleftright as a synonym for \nupdownharpoons.

Table 156: boisik Arrows

 \barleftarrow ž \Lsh
 \barleftarrowrightarrowbar  \mapsdown

\barovernorthwestarrow à \Mapsfrom
 \carriagereturn  \mapsfrom
£ \circlearrowleft á \Mapsto
¢ \circlearrowright  \mapsto
¯ \cupleftarrow  \mapsup
Ý \curlyveedownarrow  \Nearrow
Ü \curlyveeuparrow
ß \curlywedgedownarrow
Þ \curlywedgeuparrow
ó \curvearrowbotleft
õ \curvearrowbotleftright
ô \curvearrowbotright
ð \curvearrowleft
\rightarrowcircle
ò \curvearrowleftright
ñ \curvearrowright
ø \dlsh
0 \downblackarrow
# \downdasharrow
— \downdownarrows
ë \downtouparrow
% \downwhitearrow
 \downzigzagarrow
ù \drsh
÷ \eqleftrightarrow
 \hookleftarrow
\hookrightarrow
› \leftarrowtail
ú \leftarrowTriangle
79
 \nearrowcorner
ì \nnearrow
î \nnwarrow
 \Nwarrow
 \nwarrowcorner
 \rightarrowbar
š \rightarrowtail
û \rightarrowTriangle
þ \rightarrowtriangle
. \rightblackarrow
! \rightdasharrow
‘ \rightleftarrows
• \rightrightarrows
 \rightsquigarrow
 \rightthreearrows
æ \righttoleftarrow
ã \rightwhitearrow
å \rightwhiteroundarrow
¯ \Rrightarrow
Ÿ \Rsh
 \Searrow
(continued on next page)
(continued from previous page)

ý \leftarrowtriangle
- \leftblackarrow
\leftdasharrow
” \leftleftarrows
ö \leftrightarroweq
 \leftrightarrows
ü \leftrightarrowTriangle
ÿ \leftrightarrowtriangle
1 \leftrightblackarrow
 \leftrightsquigarrow
 \leftsquigarrow
ç \lefttorightarrow
â \leftwhitearrow
ä \leftwhiteroundarrow
 \leftzigzagarrow
 \linefeed
® \Lleftarrow
è \looparrowdownleft
é \looparrowdownright
  \looparrowleft
¡ \looparrowright
í \ssearrow
ï \sswarrow
 \Swarrow

\twoheaddownarrow
™ \twoheadleftarrow
˜ \twoheadrightarrow
\twoheaduparrow
* \twoheadwhiteuparrow
+ \twoheadwhiteuparrowpedestal
/ \upblackarrow
" \updasharrow
 \updownarrowbar
2 \updownblackarrow
, \updownwhitearrow
ê \uptodownarrow
– \upuparrows
$ \upwhitearrow
& \whitearrowupfrombar
' \whitearrowuppedestal
( \whitearrowuppedestalhbar
) \whitearrowuppedestalvbar

Many of these symbols are defined only if the arrows package option is specified.

Table 157: boisik Negated Arrows

 \nHdownarrow ° \nLeftrightarroW ¬ \nRightarrow
 \nHuparrow ª \nleftrightarrow  \nVleftarrow
« \nLeftarrow ­ \nLeftrightarrow  \nVrightarrow
¨ \nleftarrow © \nrightarrow

Many of these symbols are defined only if the arrows package option is specified.

Table 158: boisik Harpoons

 \downharpoonleft “ \leftrightharpoons Ž \upharpoonleft
 \downharpoonright ‹ \rightharpoondown Œ \upharpoonright
‰ \leftharpoondown Š \rightharpoonup
ˆ \leftharpoonup ’ \rightleftharpoons

80
 Table 159: stix Arrows
⥀ \acwcirclearrow
⟲ \acwgapcirclearrow
⤹ \acwleftarcarrow
⤺ \acwoverarcarrow
⤻ \acwunderarcarrow
⇤ \barleftarrow
↹ \barleftarrowrightarrowbar*
⤠ \barrightarrowdiamond
⤒ \baruparrow
⭁ \bsimilarleftarrow
⭇ \bsimilarrightarrow
↵ \carriagereturn*
⤿ \ccwundercurvearrow
↺ \circlearrowleft
↻ \circlearrowright
⬰ \circleonleftarrow
⇴ \circleonrightarrow
↶ \curvearrowleft
⤽ \curvearrowleftplus
↷ \curvearrowright
⤼ \curvearrowrightminus
⥁ \cwcirclearrow
⟳ \cwgapcirclearrow
⤸ \cwrightarcarrow
⤾ \cwundercurvearrow
⤏ \dbkarow
⟱ \DDownarrow
⤋ \Ddownarrow
⤝ \diamondleftarrow
⤟ \diamondleftarrowbar
↓ \downarrow
⇓ \Downarrow
⤓ \downarrowbar
⤈ \downarrowbarred
⇣ \downdasharrow*
⇊ \downdownarrows
⤵ \downrightcurvedarrow*
⇵ \downuparrows
⇩ \downwhitearrow*
↯ \downzigzagarrow
➛ \draftingarrow*
⤐ \drbkarow
⭀ \equalleftarrow
⥱ \equalrightarrow
⤯ \fdiagovnearrow*
⤤ \hknearrow
⤣ \hknwarrow
⤥ \hksearow
⤦ \hkswarow
↩ \hookleftarrow
↪ \hookrightarrow
↲ \Ldsh
81
⟼ \longmapsto
⟾ \Longmapsto
⟶ \longrightarrow
⟹ \Longrightarrow
⟿ \longrightsquigarrow
↫ \looparrowleft
↬ \looparrowright
↰ \Lsh
↧ \mapsdown
⤆ \Mapsfrom
↤ \mapsfrom
↦ \mapsto
⤇ \Mapsto
↥ \mapsup
⇗ \Nearrow
↗ \nearrow
⤱ \neovnwarrow*
⤮ \neovsearrow*
⤢ \neswarrow
↖ \nwarrow
⇖ \Nwarrow
⤲ \nwovnearrow*
⤡ \nwsearrow
⤰ \rdiagovsearrow*
↳ \Rdsh
⇒ \Rightarrow
→ \rightarrow
⥵ \rightarrowapprox
⭈ \rightarrowbackapprox
⇥ \rightarrowbar
⭌ \rightarrowbsimilar
⤞ \rightarrowdiamond
⟴ \rightarrowonoplus
⥅ \rightarrowplus
⥂ \rightarrowshortleftarrow
⥴ \rightarrowsimilar
↣ \rightarrowtail
⇾ \rightarrowtriangle
⥇ \rightarrowx
⤍ \rightbkarrow
⤳ \rightcurvedarrow
⇢ \rightdasharrow*
⤑ \rightdotarrow
⤷ \rightdowncurvedarrow
⇄ \rightleftarrows
⇉ \rightrightarrows
⇝ \rightsquigarrow
⇶ \rightthreearrows
↝ \rightwavearrow
⇨ \rightwhitearrow*
⭆ \RRightarrow
⇛ \Rrightarrow
(continued on next page)
(continued from previous page)

← \leftarrow ↱ \Rsh
⇐ \Leftarrow ↘ \searrow
⭊ \leftarrowapprox ⇘ \Searrow
⭂ \leftarrowbackapprox ⤭ \seovnearrow*
⭋ \leftarrowbsimilar ⥄ \shortrightarrowleftarrow
⬲ \leftarrowonoplus ⭉ \similarleftarrow
⥆ \leftarrowplus ⥲ \similarrightarrow
⥃ \leftarrowshortrightarrow ↙ \swarrow
⥳ \leftarrowsimilar ⇙ \Swarrow
↢ \leftarrowtail ⤨ \toea
⇽ \leftarrowtriangle ⤧ \tona
⬾ \leftarrowx ⤩ \tosa
⤌ \leftbkarrow ⤪ \towa
⬿ \leftcurvedarrow ↡ \twoheaddownarrow
⇠ \leftdasharrow* ↞ \twoheadleftarrow
⤎ \leftdbkarrow ⬻ \twoheadleftarrowtail
⬸ \leftdotarrow ⬷ \twoheadleftdbkarrow
⤶ \leftdowncurvedarrow ⬶ \twoheadmapsfrom
⇇ \leftleftarrows ⤅ \twoheadmapsto
⇔ \Leftrightarrow ↠ \twoheadrightarrow
↔ \leftrightarrow ⤖ \twoheadrightarrowtail
⥈ \leftrightarrowcircle ↟ \twoheaduparrow
⇆ \leftrightarrows ⥉ \twoheaduparrowcircle
⇿ \leftrightarrowtriangle ↑ \uparrow
↭ \leftrightsquigarrow ⇑ \Uparrow
⇜ \leftsquigarrow ⤉ \uparrowbarred
⬱ \leftthreearrows ⇡ \updasharrow*
↜ \leftwavearrow ⇕ \Updownarrow
⇦ \leftwhitearrow* ↕ \updownarrow
↴ \linefeed* ↨ \updownarrowbar*
⭅ \LLeftarrow ⇅ \updownarrows
⇚ \Lleftarrow ⤴ \uprightcurvearrow*
⟵ \longleftarrow ⇈ \upuparrows
⟸ \Longleftarrow ⇧ \upwhitearrow*
⟺ \Longleftrightarrow ⟰ \UUparrow
⟷ \longleftrightarrow ⤊ \Uuparrow
⬳ \longleftsquigarrow ⏎ \varcarriagereturn*
⟽ \Longmapsfrom ⇪ \whitearrowupfrombar*
⟻ \longmapsfrom

*
Defined as an ordinary character, not as a binary relation.

stix defines \acwopencirclearrow as a synonym for \circlearrowleft,

\cwopencirclearrow as a synonym for \circlearrowright, \leadsto as
a synonym for \rightsquigarrow, \dashleftarrow as a synonym for
\leftdbkarrow, and \dashrightarrow and \dasharrow as synonyms for
\dbkarow.

82
 Table 160: stix Negated Arrows
⇟ \nHdownarrow* ⤄ \nvLeftrightarrow
⇞ \nHuparrow* ⇻ \nVrightarrow
↚ \nleftarrow† ⤃ \nvRightarrow
⇍ \nLeftarrow ⇸ \nvrightarrow
↮ \nleftrightarrow ⤕ \nVrightarrowtail
⇎ \nLeftrightarrow ⤔ \nvrightarrowtail
⇏ \nRightarrow ⬴ \nvtwoheadleftarrow
↛ \nrightarrow ⬵ \nVtwoheadleftarrow
⇷ \nvleftarrow ⬼ \nvtwoheadleftarrowtail
⤂ \nvLeftarrow ⬽ \nVtwoheadleftarrowtail
⇺ \nVleftarrow ⤁ \nVtwoheadrightarrow
⬺ \nVleftarrowtail ⤀ \nvtwoheadrightarrow
⬹ \nvleftarrowtail ⤗ \nvtwoheadrightarrowtail
⇹ \nvleftrightarrow ⤘ \nVtwoheadrightarrowtail
⇼ \nVleftrightarrow
*
Defined as an ordinary character, not as a binary relation.

†
stix defines \ngets as a synonym for \nleftarrow.

Table 161: stix Harpoons

⥡ \bardownharpoonleft
⥝ \bardownharpoonright
⥖ \barleftharpoondown
⥒ \barleftharpoonup
⥟ \barrightharpoondown
⥛ \barrightharpoonup
⥘ \barupharpoonleft
⥔ \barupharpoonright
⥫ \dashleftharpoondown
⥭ \dashrightharpoondown
⇃ \downharpoonleft
⥙ \downharpoonleftbar
⇂ \downharpoonright
⥕ \downharpoonrightbar
⥥ \downharpoonsleftright
⥯ \downupharpoonsleftright
↽ \leftharpoondown
⥞ \leftharpoondownbar
⥢ \leftharpoonsupdown
↼ \leftharpoonup
⥚ \leftharpoonupbar
⥪ \leftharpoonupdash
⥐ \leftrightharpoondowndown
⥋ \leftrightharpoondownup
⇋ \leftrightharpoons
⥧ \leftrightharpoonsdown
⥦ \leftrightharpoonsup
⥊ \leftrightharpoonupdown
⥎ \leftrightharpoonupup
⇁ \rightharpoondown
⥗ \rightharpoondownbar
⥤ \rightharpoonsupdown
⇀ \rightharpoonup
⥓ \rightharpoonupbar
⥬ \rightharpoonupdash
⇌ \rightleftharpoons
⥩ \rightleftharpoonsdown
⥨ \rightleftharpoonsup
⥑ \updownharpoonleftleft
⥍ \updownharpoonleftright
⥌ \updownharpoonrightleft
⥏ \updownharpoonrightright
⥮ \updownharpoonsleftright
↿ \upharpoonleft
⥠ \upharpoonleftbar
↾ \upharpoonright*
⥜ \upharpoonrightbar
⥣ \upharpoonsleftright

*
stix defines \restriction as a synonym for \upharpoonright.

83
 Table 162: harpoon Extensible Harpoons

↼
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftharp{abc}
⇁
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightharpdown{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underrightharp{abc}
↽ ⇀
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftharpdown{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underleftharp{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underrightharpdown{abc}
⇀ ↼ ⇁
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightharp{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underleftharpdown{abc}
↽
All of the harpoon symbols are implemented using the graphics package (specif-
ically, graphics’s \resizebox command). Consequently, only TEX backends
that support graphical transformations (e.g., not Xdvi) can properly display
these symbols.

Table 163: chemarrow Arrows

A \chemarrow

Table 164: fge Arrows

! \fgerightarrow " \fgeuparrow

Table 165: MnSymbol Spoons

s \downfilledspoon ̸ \nnespoon u \nwfilledspoon
⫰ \downspoon ̸ \nnwfilledspoon m \nwspoon
r \leftfilledspoon ̸ \nnwspoon p \rightfilledspoon
⟜ \leftspoon ̸ \nrightfilledspoon ⊸ \rightspoon*
̸ \ndownfilledspoon ⊸̸ \nrightspoon* w \sefilledspoon
⫰̸ \ndownspoon ̸ \nsefilledspoon o \sespoon
t \nefilledspoon ̸ \nsespoon v \swfilledspoon
l \nespoon ̸ \nswfilledspoon n \swspoon
̸ \nleftfilledspoon ̸ \nswspoon q \upfilledspoon
⟜̸ \nleftspoon ̸ \nupfilledspoon ⫯ \upspoon
̸ \nnefilledspoon ⫯̸ \nupspoon
*
MnSymbol defines \multimap as a synonym for \rightspoon and \nmultimap
as a synonym for \nrightspoon.

Table 166: MnSymbol Pitchforks

⫛ \downpitchfork ̸ \nnwpitchfork ˆ \rightpitchfork
Š \leftpitchfork ̸ \nrightpitchfork  \sepitchfork
⫛̸ \ndownpitchfork ̸ \nsepitchfork Ž \swpitchfork
Œ \nepitchfork ̸ \nswpitchfork ⋔ \uppitchfork
̸ \nleftpitchfork ⋔̸ \nuppitchfork
̸ \nnepitchfork  \nwpitchfork
*
MnSymbol defines \pitchfork as a synonym for \uppitchfork and
\npitchfork as a synonym for \nuppitchfork.

84
 Table 167: MnSymbol Smiles and Frowns
 \doublefrown ̸ \nsmileeq \smileeq
% \doublefrowneq ̸ \nsmileeqfrown & \smileeqfrown
 \doublesmile ≭ \nsmilefrown ≍ \smilefrown
$ \doublesmileeq ̸ \nsmilefrowneq ( \smilefrowneq
# \eqfrown ̸ \nsqdoublefrown - \sqdoublefrown
" \eqsmile ̸ \nsqdoublefrowneq 7 \sqdoublefrowneq
⌢ \frown ̸ \nsqdoublesmile , \sqdoublesmile
! \frowneq ̸ \nsqdoublesmileeq 6 \sqdoublesmileeq
' \frowneqsmile ̸ \nsqeqfrown 5 \sqeqfrown
 \frownsmile ̸ \nsqeqsmile 4 \sqeqsmile
) \frownsmileeq ̸ \nsqfrown + \sqfrown
̸ \ndoublefrown ̸ \nsqfrowneq 3 \sqfrowneq
̸ \ndoublefrowneq ̸ \nsqfrowneqsmile 9 \sqfrowneqsmile
̸ \ndoublesmile ̸ \nsqfrownsmile 1 \sqfrownsmile
̸ \ndoublesmileeq ̸ \nsqsmile * \sqsmile
̸ \neqfrown ̸ \nsqsmileeq 2 \sqsmileeq
̸ \neqsmile ̸ \nsqsmileeqfrown 8 \sqsmileeqfrown
⌢̸ \nfrown ̸ \nsqsmilefrown 0 \sqsmilefrown
̸ \nfrowneq ̸ \nsqtriplefrown / \sqtriplefrown
̸ \nfrowneqsmile ̸ \nsqtriplesmile . \sqtriplesmile
̸ \nfrownsmile ̸ \ntriplefrown  \triplefrown
̸ \nfrownsmileeq ̸ \ntriplesmile  \triplesmile
⌣̸ \nsmile ⌣ \smile
*
MnSymbol defines \smallsmile as a synonym for \smile, \smallfrown as a
synonym for \frown, \asymp as a synonym for \smilefrown, and \nasymp as
a synonym for \nsmilefrown.

Table 168: fdsymbol Spoons

⊷ \blackwhitespoon ̸ \ndownblackspoon ̸ \nupblackspoon
o \downblackspoon ⫰̸ \ndownspoon ⫯̸ \nupspoon
⫰ \downspoon ̸ \nleftblackspoon ⊶̸ \nwhiteblackspoon
n \leftblackspoon ̸ \nleftrightblackspoon l \rightblackspoon
q \leftrightblackspoon ⧟̸ \nleftrightspoon ⊸ \rightspoon
⧟ \leftrightspoon ⟜̸ \nleftspoon m \upblackspoon
⟜ \leftspoon ̸ \nrightblackspoon ⫯ \upspoon
⊷̸ \nblackwhitespoon ⊸̸ \nrightspoon ⊶ \whiteblackspoon

fdsymbol defines synonyms for many of the preceding symbols:

⫯ \cirmid ⟜ \multimapinv ⊸̸ \nmultimap

⧟ \dualmap ⫯̸ \ncirmid ⟜̸ \nmultimapinv
⊷ \imageof ⧟̸ \ndualmap ⊶̸ \norigof
⫰ \midcir ⊷̸ \nimageof ⊶ \origof
⊸ \multimap ⫰̸ \nmidcir

85
 Table 169: fdsymbol Pitchforks
w \downpitchfork ̸ \nleftpitchfork t \rightpitchfork
v \leftpitchfork ̸ \nrightpitchfork ⋔ \uppitchfork
̸ \ndownpitchfork ⋔̸ \nuppitchfork

fdsymbol defines \npitchfork as a synonym for \nuppitchfork and

\pitchfork as a synonym for \uppitchfork.

Table 170: fdsymbol Smiles and Frowns

⌢ \frown ≘̸ \nfrowneq ≭ \nsmilefrown
≘ \frowneq ⁐̸ \nfrownsmile ⌣ \smile
⁐ \frownsmile ⌣̸ \nsmile  \smileeq
⌢̸ \nfrown ̸ \nsmileeq ≍ \smilefrown

fdsymbol defines \arceq as a synonym for \frowneq, \asymp as a synonym

for \smilefrown, \closure as a synonym for \frownsmile, \narceq as a
synonym for \nfrowneq, \nasymp as a synonym for \nsmilefrown, \nclosure
as a synonym for \nfrownsmile, \smallfrown as a synonym for \frown, and
\smallsmile as a synonym for \smile.

Table 171: ulsy Contradiction Symbols

\blitza
\blitzb  \blitzc  \blitzd \blitze

Table 172: Extension Characters

− \relbar = \Relbar

Table 173: stmaryrd Extension Characters

Y \Arrownot \ \Mapsfromchar
\Mapstochar
X \arrownot [ \mapsfromchar

Table 174: txfonts/pxfonts Extension Characters

 \Mappedfromchar  \Mmappedfromchar  \Mmapstochar
\mappedfromchar  \mmappedfromchar  \mmapstochar

Table 175: mathabx Extension Characters

ß \mapsfromchar Þ \mapstochar
û \Mapsfromchar ú \Mapstochar

86
 Table 176: stix Extension Characters
 \lhook ← \relbar ⭅ \RRelbar
: \mapsfromchar ⇐ \Relbar ⇚ \Rrelbar
 \mapstochar  \rhook

Table 177: Log-like Symbols

\arccos \cos \csc \exp \ker \limsup \min \sinh
\arcsin \cosh \deg \gcd \lg \ln \Pr \sup
\arctan \cot \det \hom \lim \log \sec \tan
\arg \coth \dim \inf \liminf \max \sin \tanh

Calling the above “symbols” may be a bit misleading.3 Each log-like symbol
merely produces the eponymous textual equivalent, but with proper surround-
ing spacing. See Section 10.4 for more information about log-like symbols. As
\bmod and \pmod are arguably not symbols we refer the reader to the Short
Math Guide for LATEX [Dow00] for samples.

Table 178: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Log-like Symbols

inj lim \injlim lim \varinjlim lim \varlimsup

−→
proj lim \projlim lim \varliminf lim \varprojlim
←−

Load the amsmath package to get these symbols. See Section 10.4 for some ad-
ditional comments regarding log-like symbols. As \mod and \pod are arguably
not symbols we refer the reader to the Short Math Guide for LATEX [Dow00]
for samples.

Table 179: ChinA2e Number Sets

à \Complex Ú \Integer Î \Natural Ñ \Rational Ò \Real
» \COMPLEX ¿ \INTEGER ¼ \NATURAL ½ \RATIONAL ¾ \REAL
3 Michael J. Downes prefers the more general term, “atomic math objects”.

87
 Table 180: Greek Letters
𝛼 \alpha 𝜃 \theta 𝑜 o 𝜏 \tau
𝛽 \beta 𝜗 \vartheta 𝜋 \pi 𝜐 \upsilon
𝛾 \gamma 𝜄 \iota 𝜛 \varpi 𝜑 \phi
𝛿 \delta 𝜅 \kappa 𝜌 \rho 𝜙 \varphi
𝜖 \epsilon 𝜆 \lambda 𝜚 \varrho 𝜒 \chi
𝜀 \varepsilon 𝜇 \mu 𝜎 \sigma 𝜓 \psi
𝜁 \zeta 𝜈 \nu 𝜍 \varsigma 𝜔 \omega
𝜂 \eta 𝜉 \xi

Γ \Gamma Λ \Lambda Σ \Sigma Ψ \Psi

Δ \Delta Ξ \Xi ϒ \Upsilon Ω \Omega
Θ \Theta Π \Pi Φ \Phi

The remaining Greek majuscules can be produced with ordinary Latin letters.
The symbol “M”, for instance, is used for both an uppercase “m” and an upper-
case “𝜇”. To make available commands for all of the Greek majuscules, either
use the mathspec package, which requires XELATEX, or copy mathspec.sty’s
Greek-letter definitions to your document’s preamble:
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Alpha}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"41}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Beta}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"42}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Epsilon}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"45}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Zeta}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"5A}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Eta}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"48}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Iota}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"49}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Kappa}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"4B}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Mu}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"4D}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Nu}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"4E}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omicron}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"4F}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Rho}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"50}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Tau}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"54}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\Chi}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"58}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\omicron}{\mathord}{letters}{"6F}

See Section 10.5 for examples of how to produce bold Greek letters.

The symbols in this table are intended to be used in mathematical typesetting.

Greek body text can be typeset using the babel package’s greek (or polutoniko-
greek) option—and, of course, a font that provides the glyphs for the Greek
alphabet.

Table 181: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Greek Letters

z \digamma κ \varkappa

88
 Table 182: txfonts/pxfonts Upright Greek Letters
α \alphaup θ \thetaup π \piup φ \phiup
β \betaup ϑ \varthetaup $ \varpiup ϕ \varphiup
γ \gammaup ι \iotaup ρ \rhoup χ \chiup
δ \deltaup κ \kappaup % \varrhoup ψ \psiup
 \epsilonup λ \lambdaup σ \sigmaup ω \omegaup
ε \varepsilonup µ \muup ς \varsigmaup
ζ \zetaup ν \nuup τ \tauup
η \etaup ξ \xiup υ \upsilonup

The symbols in this table are intended to be used sporadically throughout

a document (e.g., to represent mathematical units or numerical quantities—
“π ≈ 3.14159”). In contrast, Greek body text can be typeset using the babel
package’s greek (or polutonikogreek) option—and, of course, a font that provides
the glyphs for the Greek alphabet.

Table 183: upgreek Upright Greek Letters

α \upalpha θ \uptheta π \uppi φ \upphi
β \upbeta ϑ \upvartheta ϖ \upvarpi ϕ \upvarphi
γ \upgamma ι \upiota ρ \uprho χ \upchi
δ \updelta κ \upkappa ρ \upvarrho ψ \uppsi
ε \upepsilon λ \uplambda σ \upsigma ω \upomega
ε \upvarepsilon µ \upmu σ \upvarsigma
ζ \upzeta ν \upnu τ \uptau
η \upeta ξ \upxi υ \upupsilon

Γ \Upgamma Λ \Uplambda Σ \Upsigma Ψ \Uppsi

∆ \Updelta Ξ \Upxi Υ \Upupsilon Ω \Upomega
Θ \Uptheta Π \Uppi Φ \Upphi

upgreek utilizes upright Greek characters from either the PostScript Symbol
font (depicted above) or Euler Roman. As a result, the glyphs may appear
slightly different from the above. Contrast, for example, “Γ∆Θαβγ” (Symbol)
with “Γ∆Θαβγ” (Euler).

Unlike textgreek (Table 6 on page 14), upgreek works in math mode.

The symbols in this table are intended to be used sporadically throughout

a document (e.g., to represent mathematical units or numerical quantities—
“π ≈ 3.14159”). In contrast, Greek body text can be typeset using the babel
package’s greek (or polutonikogreek) option—and, of course, a font that provides
the glyphs for the Greek alphabet.

Table 184: fourier Variant Greek Letters

π \pi ρ \rho
$ \varpi % \varrho
È \varvarpi Æ \varvarrho

89
 Table 185: txfonts/pxfonts Variant Latin Letters
1 \varg 3 \varv 4 \varw 2 \vary

Pass the varg option to txfonts/pxfonts to replace g, v, w, and y with 1, 3, 4,

and 2 in every mathematical expression in your document.

Table 186: boisik Variant Greek Letters

/ \varbeta . \varkappa $ \varpi & \varsigma
" \varepsilon ' \varphi % \varrho # \vartheta

Table 187: boisik Variant Latin Letters

ƒ \varg

Table 188: stix Variant Greek Letters

𝜀 \varepsilon 𝜑 \varphi 𝜚 \varrho 𝜗 \vartheta
𝜘 \varkappa 𝜛 \varpi 𝜍 \varsigma

Table 189: stix Transformed Greek Letters

϶ \backepsilon ℩ \turnediota
℧ \mho ϶ \upbackepsilon

Table 190: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Hebrew Letters

i \beth ‫ג‬ \gimel k \daleth

\aleph (ℵ) appears in Table 286 on page 112.

Table 191: MnSymbol Hebrew Letters

ℵ \aleph ℶ \beth ℷ \gimel ℸ \daleth

Table 192: fdsymbol Hebrew Letters

ℵ \aleph ℶ \beth ℷ \gimel ℸ \daleth

Table 193: boisik Hebrew Letters

ø \beth ù \gimel ú \daleth

90
 Table 194: stix Hebrew Letters
ℵ \aleph ℶ \beth ℷ \gimel ℸ \daleth

Table 195: Letter-like Symbols

⊥ \bot ∀ \forall 𝚤 \imath ∋ \ni ⊤ \top
ℓ \ell ~ \hbar ∈ \in 𝜕 \partial ℘ \wp
∃ \exists ℑ \Im 𝚥 \jmath ℜ \Re

Table 196: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Letter-like Symbols

k \Bbbk { \complement ~ \hbar
r \circledR ` \Finv } \hslash
s \circledS a \Game @ \nexists

Table 197: txfonts/pxfonts Letter-like Symbols

¢ \mathcent £ \mathsterling* < \notin = \notni

*
It’s generally preferable to use the corresponding symbol from Table 3 on
page 14 because the symbols in that table work properly in both text mode
and math mode.

Table 198: mathabx Letter-like Symbols

V \barin P \in L \nottop T \varnotin
A \complement E \nexists Q \owns U \varnotowner
D \exists M \notbot W \ownsbar
F \Finv R \notin B \partial
G \Game S \notowner C \partialslash

Table 199: MnSymbol Letter-like Symbols

– \bot ∈ \in ∌ \nowns* ⊺ \top
∃ \exists ∄ \nexists ∋ \owns ℘ \wp
∀ \forall ∉ \nin* ℘ \powerset
*
MnSymbol provides synonyms \notin for \nin, \ni for \owns, and \intercal
for \top.

91
 Table 200: fdsymbol Letter-like Symbols
⊥ \bot ∀ \forall ∈ \in ∋ \owns
∁ \complement ⅁ \Game ∄ \nexists ⊤ \top
∃ \exists h̵ \hbar ∉ \nin ℘ \wp
Ⅎ \Finv h̷ \hslash ∌ \nowns

fdsymbol provides synonyms \notin for \nin, \ni for \owns, and \nni for
\nowns.

Table 201: boisik Letter-like Symbols

k \Bbbk ü \Game { \imath â \nexists
ý \complement … \hbar þ \intercal € \wp
û \Finv „ \hslash | \jmath

Table 202: stix Letter-like Symbols

Å \Angstrom ℇ \Eulerconst 𝚤 \imath ⊤ \top
𝕜 \Bbbk ∃ \exists ⊺ \intercal ⌶ \topbot
⊥ \bot Ⅎ \Finv 𝚥 \jmath ℘ \wp
Ⓡ \circledR ∀ \forall $ \mathdollar ⅄ \Yup
Ⓢ \circledS ⅁ \Game ¶ \mathparagraph Ƶ \Zbar
∁ \complement ℏ \hbar £ \mathsterling
ϝ \digamma ℏ \hslash ∄ \nexists
𝓁 \ell ℑ \Im ℜ \Re

Table 203: trfsigns Letter-like Symbols

e \e j \im

Table 204: mathdesign Letter-like Symbols

∈ \in 3 \owns
6 ∈ \notin \smallin
 \notsmallin
\smallowns
 \notsmallowns

The mathdesign package additionally provides versions of each of the letter-like

symbols shown in Table 196 on the previous page.

Table 205: fge Letter-like Symbols

A \fgeA ı \fgeeszett D \fgeleftB U \fgeU
c \fgec F \fgeF C \fgeleftC
p \fged f \fgef B \fgerightB
e \fgee ” \fgelb* s \fges
*
The fge package defines \fgeeta, \fgeN, and \fgeoverU as synonyms for
\fgelb.

92
 Table 206: fourier Letter-like Symbols
∂ \partial Ç \varpartialdiff

Table 207: cmll Letter-like Symbols

‚ \Bot ‹ \simbot

Table 208: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Delimiters

p \ulcorner q \urcorner
x \llcorner y \lrcorner

Table 209: stmaryrd Delimiters

P \Lbag Q \Rbag N \lbag O \rbag
V \llceil W \rrceil T \llfloor U \rrfloor
L \llparenthesis M \rrparenthesis

Table 210: mathabx Delimiters

v \lcorners w \rcorners

x \ulcorner y \urcorner
z \llcorner { \lrcorner

Table 211: boisik Delimiters

Ø \ulcorner Ù \urcorner
à \llcorner á \lrcorner

Table 212: stix Delimiters

⦑ \langledot ⦒ \rangledot ⦉ \llangle ⦊ \rrangle
⟅ \lbag ⟆ \rbag ⌞ \llcorner ⌟ \lrcorner
⦗ \lblkbrbrak ⦘ \rblkbrbrak ⦇ \llparenthesis ⦈ \rrparenthesis
⦏ \lbracklltick ⦐ \rbrackurtick ⦕ \Lparengtr ⦖ \Rparenless
⦋ \lbrackubar ⦌ \rbrackubar ⦓ \lparenless ⦔ \rparengtr
⦍ \lbrackultick ⦎ \rbracklrtick ⧘ \lvzigzag ⧙ \rvzigzag
⟬ \Lbrbrak ⟭ \Rbrbrak ⧚ \Lvzigzag ⧛ \Rvzigzag
⧼ \lcurvyangle ⧽ \rcurvyangle ⌜ \ulcorner ⌝ \urcorner

Table 213: nath Delimiters

\niv \vin

93
 Table 214: Variable-sized Delimiters

⎮ ⃦ [︁ ]︁
↓ \downarrow ⇓ \Downarrow [ [ ] ]
⎮ ⃦
⌄ ⇓
⟨ ⟩ ⃒ ⃦
⟨ \langle ⟩ \rangle | | ‖ \|
⃒ ⃦
⃒ ⃦
⌈︁ ⌉︁ ⌃ ⇑
⌈ \lceil ⌉ \rceil ↑ \uparrow ⇑ \Uparrow
⎮ ⃦
⎮ ⃦
⌊︁ ⌋︁ ⌃ ⇑
⌊ \lfloor ⌋ \rfloor ↕ \updownarrow ⇕ \Updownarrow
⎮ ⃦
⌄ ⇓
(︁ )︁ {︁ }︁
( ( ) ) { \{ } \}
⧸︁ ⃥︁
/ / ∖ \backslash

When used with \left and \right, these symbols expand to the height of the
enclosed math expression. Note that \vert is a synonym for |, and \Vert is
a synonym for \|.

𝜀-TEX provides a \middle analogue to \left and \right. \middle can be

used, for example, to make an internal “|” expand to the height of the sur-
rounding \left and \right symbols. (This capability is commonly needed
when typesetting adjacent bras and kets in Dirac notation: “⟨𝜑|𝜓⟩”). A simi-
lar effect can be achieved in conventional LATEX using the braket package.

Table 215: Large, Variable-sized Delimiters

⎧ ⎫ ⎧ ⎫
⎧ ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ ⎧ ⎪ ⎫ ⎪
\lmoustache ⎩ \rmoustache ⎩ \lgroup \rgroup
⎭ ⎪
⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎭ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪
⎭
⎮ ⃦ ⎪
⎪
⎮ ⎮ ⃦ ⃦ ⎪ ⎪
⎪
\arrowvert ⃦ ⃦ \Arrowvert \bracevert
⎮ ⎮ ⃦ ⎪
⎪ ⎪
⎮ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪
⎪
⎮ ⃦ ⎪
⎪

These symbols must be used with \left and \right. The mathabx pack-
age, however, redefines \lgroup and \rgroup so that those symbols can work
without \left and \right.

Table 216: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Variable-sized Delimiters

⃒ ⃒
| \lvert | \rvert
⃒ ⃒
⃒ ⃒
⃦ ⃦
‖ \lVert ‖ \rVert
⃦ ⃦
⃦ ⃦

According to the amsmath documentation [AMS99], the preceding symbols are

intended to be used as delimiters (e.g., as in “|−𝑧|”) while the \vert and \Vert
symbols (Table 214) are intended to be used as operators (e.g., as in “𝑝|𝑞”).

Table 217: stmaryrd Variable-sized Delimiters

 
~ \llbracket  \rrbracket

94
 Table 218: mathabx Variable-sized Delimiters
1 9
v \ldbrack w \rdbrack
7 ?
7 ?
7 7
7 \lfilet ? ?
? \rfilet
ffl 
ffl 
~ ffl \thickvert ~  \vvvert

Table 219: MnSymbol Variable-sized Delimiters

X
X ⎧
⎪ ⎤⎥
X X
X ⎪ ⎥⎥
X
X X
X { ⎨ ⌉
\Arrowvert
⎪
⎩
\lbrace ⎥⎥ \rceil

RR ⎡⎢ ⎥⎥
RR RR ⎢⎢ ⎥⎥
R RR ⌈ ⌋
\arrowvert ⎢⎢ \lceil ⎥⎦ \rfloor

⎢⎢ ⎫
⎪
⎢⎢ ⎫
⎪ ⎪
⎪
/ / ⌊ ⎭ ⎪
⎭
\backslash ⎢⎣ \lfloor \rgroup

⎪
⎪ ⎧
⎪ ⎫
⎪
⎪ ⎪
⎪ ⎧
⎪ ⎪
⎪ ⎫
⎪ ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎪
⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪
\bracevert ⎩ \lgroup ⎩ \rmoustache

⎡⎢
[ ⎢⎢ ⟪ ⟪ ⟫ ⟫
⎢⎣ [ \llangle \rrangle

⎤⎥ M
Q
] ⎥⎥ ⌞ ⌞ ⟧ Q
Q
⎥⎦ ] \llcorner Q
O
\rsem

⎧
⎪ _ _
_
⎧
⎪ ⎪
⎪ _ _
( ( ⎭ ⎪
⎭ _ _
( \lmoustache _
_
\rWavy

^^ ^^
) ) ⌟ ⌟ ^ ^^
) \lrcorner ^^ \rwavy

L
P
/ / ⟦ P
P ⌜ ⌜
/ P
N
\lsem \ulcorner

^^ ^^
⟨ ⟨ ^ ^^ 3 6
< ^^ \lwavy \ullcorner

_ _
_
⟩ ⟩ _
_ _
_ 8 ;
> _
_
\lWavy \ulrcorner

RR
RR
∣ RR | ⟩ ⟩ \rangle ⌝ ⌝ \urcorner

(continued on next page)

95
 (continued from previous page)

X
X
X
X
⟨ ⟨ \langle p s \ranglebar ∥ X
X \|

⎫
⎪
⎪
k n } ⎬
⎪
\langlebar \rbrace
⎭

\vert is a synonym for |. \Vert is a synonym for \|. \mid and \mvert
produce the same symbol as \vert but designated as math relations instead
of ordinals. \divides produces the same symbol as \vert but designated as
a binary operator instead of an ordinal. \parallel and \mVert produce the
same symbol as \Vert but designated as math relations instead of ordinals.

Table 220: fdsymbol Variable-sized Delimiters

\ \ \backslash ⌟ ⌟ \lrcorner ) ) \rparen

È
È ∣∣ ∣∣
È
È ∣∣ ∣∣
↓ È
↓ \downarrow ∣ ∣∣ \lvert ∣ ∣∣ \rvert

Ë
Ë ∥ ∥
Ë
Ë ∥
∥ ∥
∥
⇓ Ë
⇓ \Downarrow ∥ ∥
∥ \lVert ∥ ∥
∥ \rVert
∥ ∥
Å
Å Å
Å
Å
Å Å
Å
⟪ ⟪ \lAngle ⦀ Å
Å \lVvert ⦀ Å
Å \rVvert

⟨ ⟨ \langle / / \mathslash ⌜ ⌜ \ulcorner

⦑ ⦑ \langledot ⟩ ⟩ \rangle N S \ullcorner

{ { \lbrace ⟫ ⟫ \rAngle T Y \ulrcorner

↑
È
È
È
[ [ \lbrack ⦒ ⦒ \rangledot ↑ È
È \uparrow

⇑
Ë
Ë
Ë
⟦ ⟦ \lBrack } } \rbrace ⇑ Ë
Ë \Uparrow

(continued on next page)

96
(continued from previous page)

↑
È
È
È
⌈ ⌈ \lceil ⟧ ⟧ \rBrack ↕ È
↓ \updownarrow

⇑
Ë
Ë
Ë
⌊ ⌊ \lfloor ] ] \rbrack ⇕ Ë
⇓ \Updownarrow

⎧
⎪
⎧
⎪ ⎪
⎪
⎩ ⎪
⎩ \lgroup ⌉ ⌉ \rceil ⌝ ⌝ \urcorner

∣∣
∣∣
⌞ ⌞ \llcorner ⌋ ⌋ \rfloor ∣ ∣∣ \vert

⎧
⎪ ⎫
⎪ ∥
∥
⎧
⎪ ⎪
⎪ ⎫
⎪ ⎪
⎪ ∥
⎭ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪ ∥ ∥
∥
⎭ \lmoustache ⎭ \rgroup
∥
\Vert

⎫
⎪ Å
Å
⎫ ⎪
⎪ Å
Å
( ( ⎪
⎩ ⎪ ⦀ Å
Å
\lparen ⎩ \rmoustache \Vvert

fdsymbol defines “(” as a synonym for \lparen, “)” as a synonym for \rparen,
“[” as a synonym for \lbrack, “]” as a synonym for \rbrack, “{” as a syn-
onym for \lbrace, “}” as a synonym for \rbrace, “/” as a synonym for
\mathslash, “|” as a synonym for \vert, “\|” as a synonym for \Vert, \lsem
as a synonym for \lBrack, and \rsem as a synonym for \rBrack.

Table 221: stix Variable-sized Delimiters

⟪ ⌉
⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑ ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑ \Arrowvert ⟪ \lAngle ⌉ \rceil
⇑
⇑
⇑
{ ⌋
⏐
⏐
⏐
⏐
⏐
⏐ ⏐
⏐
⏐
⏐ \arrowvert { \lbrace ⌋ \rfloor
⏐
⏐
⏐
\ ⦃
⎧
∖ \backslash ⦃ \lBrace ⟯ ⎪ \rgroup
⎩
⟦
⤊
⤊
⤊ ⎫
⤊
⤊
⤋ ⤊
⤊
⤊
⤊ \Ddownarrow ⟦ \lBrack ⎱ ⎪ \rmoustache
⤋ ⎩
❲ ⦆
⟰
⟰
⟰
⟰
⟰
⟱ ⟰
⟰
⟰
⟰ \DDownarrow ❲ \lbrbrak ⦆ \rParen
⟱

(continued on next page)

97
(continued from previous page)

⌈
⏐
⏐
⏐ ↑
⏐
⏐ ⏐
⏐
↓ ⏐
⏐
⏐
⏐ \downarrow ⌈ \lceil ↑ ⏐
⏐
⏐ \uparrow
⏐
⏐
⏐
↓ ⏐
⌊
⇑
⇑
⇑ ⇑
⇑
⇑ ⇑
⇓ ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑ \Downarrow ⌊ \lfloor ⇑ ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑ \Uparrow
⇓ ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑
[
⎫ ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑
[ [ ⟮ ⎪ \lgroup ⇕ ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑ \Updownarrow
⎭ ⇑
⇓
]
⎧ ↑
⏐
⏐
⎰ ⏐
⏐
] ] ⎪ \lmoustache ↕ ⏐
⏐
⏐ \updownarrow
⎭ ⏐
⏐
↓
( ⦅
⤊
⤊
⤊
( ( ⦅ \lParen ⤊ ⤊
⤊
⤊ \Uuparrow
⤊
⤊
⤊
⤊
) ⟫
⟰
⟰
⟰
) ) ⟫ \rAngle ⟰ ⟰
⟰
⟰ \UUparrow
⟰
⟰
⟰
⟰
/ ⟩ ‖
‖
‖
∕ / ⟩ \rangle ‖ ‖ \Vert
‖
‖
⟨ } ||
⟨ < } \rbrace | || \vert
||
⟩ ⦄ ⦀
⦀
⦀
⟩ > ⦄ \rBrace ⦀ ⦀ \Vvert
⦀
⦀
|| ⟧
| || | ⟧ \rBrack
||
⟨ ❳
⟨ \langle ❳ \rbrbrak

Table 222: mathdesign Variable-sized Delimiters

Ð Ð
Ð Ð
Ð Ð
Ð \leftwave Ð Ð
Ð \rightwave
Ñ Ñ
Ñ Ñ
Ñ Ñ
Ñ \leftevaw Ñ Ñ
Ñ \rightevaw

The definitions of these symbols include a preceding \left or \right. It is

therefore an error to specify \left or \right explicitly. The internal, “primi-
tive” versions of these symbols are called \lwave, \rwave, \levaw, and \revaw.

98
 Table 223: nath Variable-sized Delimiters (Double)
⟨⟨ ⟩⟩
⟨⟨ \lAngle ⟩⟩ \rAngle
[︁[︁ ]︁]︁
[[ \lBrack ]] \rBrack
⌈︁⌈︁ ⌉︁⌉︁
⌈⌈ \lCeil ⌉⌉ \rCeil
⌊︁⌊︁ ⌋︁⌋︁
⌊⌊ \lFloor ⌋⌋ \rFloor
⃒⃒ ⃒⃒
|| \lVert* || \rVert*
⃒⃒ ⃒⃒
⃒⃒ ⃒⃒

*
nath redefines all of the above to include implicit \left and \right commands.
Hence, separate \lVert and \rVert commands are needed to disambiguate
whether “|” is a left or right delimiter.

All of the symbols in Table 223 can also be expressed using the \double macro.
See the nath documentation for examples and additional information.

Table 224: nath Variable-sized Delimiters (Triple)

⟨⟨⟨ ⟩⟩⟩
⟨⟨⟨ \triple< ⟩⟩⟩ \triple>
[︁[︁[︁ ]︁]︁]︁
[[[ \triple[ ]]] \triple]
⃒⃒⃒ ⃒⃒⃒
||| \ltriple|* ||| \rtriple|*
⃒⃒⃒ ⃒⃒⃒
⃒⃒⃒ ⃒⃒⃒

*
Similar to \lVert and \rVert in Table 223, \ltriple and \rtriple must
be used instead of \triple to disambiguate whether “|” is a left or right
delimiter.
Note that \triple—and the corresponding \double—is actually a macro that
takes a delimiter as an argument.

Table 225: fourier Variable-sized Delimiters

‹ Œ
\llbracket \rrbracket
… †

“
“ “
“ “
“ \VERT

Table 226: textcomp Text-mode Delimiters

〈 \textlangle 〉 \textrangle
〚 \textlbrackdbl 〛 \textrbrackdbl
⁅ \textlquill ⁆ \textrquill

99
 Table 227: metre Text-mode Delimiters
} \alad } \Alad † \crux † \Crux
{ \alas { \Alas ]] \quadrad ]] \Quadrad
⟩ \angud ⟩ \Angud [[ \quadras [[ \Quadras
⟨ \angus ⟨ \Angus

Table 228: Math-mode Accents

𝑎
´ \acute{a} 𝑎
ˇ \check{a} 𝑎
` \grave{a} 𝑎
˜ \tilde{a}
𝑎
¯ \bar{a}* 𝑎
¨ \ddot{a} 𝑎
^ \hat{a} ⃗𝑎 \vec{a}
𝑎
˘ \breve{a} 𝑎˙ \dot{a} ˚
𝑎 \mathring{a}

Note also the existence of \imath and \jmath, which produce dotless versions
of “i ” and “j ”. (See Table 286 on page 112.) These are useful when the
accent is supposed to replace the dot. For example, “\hat{\imath}” produces
a correct “ ^𝚤 ”, while “\hat{i}” would yield the rather odd-looking “ ^𝑖 ”.
*
The \overline command (Table 236 on page 102) produces a wider accent
¯ However, unlike adjacent \bars, adjacent \overlines
than \bar: “𝐴” vs. “𝐴”.
run together, which is often not desired: “𝐴𝐵” vs. “𝐴¯𝐵”.
¯ If wider bars than
\bar are needed, the following code from Enrico Gregorio can be used to add
the requisite inter-symbol spacing [Gre09]:

\newcommand{\closure}[2][3]{%
{}\mkern#1mu\overline{\mkern-#1mu#2}}

With that definition, “\closure{A}\closure{B}” produces “𝐴𝐵”, with a vis-

ible gap between the two accents. The optional argument can be used to
fine-tune the spacing.

Table 229: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Math-mode Accents

... ....
𝑎 \dddot{a} 𝑎 \ddddot{a}

These accents are also provided by the mathabx and accents packages and are
redefined by the mathdots package if the amsmath and amssymb packages have
previously been loaded. All of the variations except for the original 𝒜ℳ𝒮 ones
...
tighten the space between the dots (from 𝑎 to ˙˙˙
𝑎). The mathabx and mathdots
versions
... also function properly within subscripts and superscripts (𝑥˙˙˙
𝑎
instead
𝑎
of 𝑥 ) .

Table 230: MnSymbol Math-mode Accents

⃗a \vec{a}

100
 Table 231: fdsymbol Math-mode Accents

a̵ \middlebar{a} ̸
a \strokethrough{a}
a̷ \middleslash{a} a⃗ \vec{a}

\middlebar and \middleslash are applied here to “𝑎” for consistency with
the rest of the document, but they generally look better when applied to taller
lowercase characters.

Table 232: boisik Math-mode Accents

a \vec{a}

Table 233: stix Math-mode Accents

á \acute{a} â \hat{a}
⃧a \annuity{a} a⃖ \leftarrowaccent{a}
a⃰ \asteraccent{a} a⃐ \leftharpoonaccent{a}
ā \bar{a} a
⃡ \leftrightarrowaccent{a}
ă \breve{a} å \mathring{a}
a̐ \candra{a} a̕ \ocommatopright{a}
ǎ \check{a} a̒ \oturnedcomma{a}
⃜a \ddddot{a} ả \ovhook{a}
⃛a \dddot{a} a⃑ \rightharpoonaccent{a}
ä \ddot{a} ã \tilde{a}
ȧ \dot{a} a⃗ \vec{a}
a̚ \droang{a} a
⃩ \widebridgeabove{a}
à \grave{a}

Table 234: fge Math-mode Accents

–
A–a \spirituslenis{A}\spirituslenis{a}*
*
When fge is passed the crescent option, \spirituslenis instead uses a crescent
accent as in “ —a ”.

Table 235: yhmath Math-mode Accents

˚
𝑎 \ring{a}

This symbol is largely obsolete, as standard LATEX 2𝜀 has supported \mathring

(Table 228 on the previous page) since June 1998 [LAT98].

101
 Table 236: Extensible Accents
𝑎𝑏𝑐
̃︁ \widetilde{abc}* 𝑎𝑏𝑐
̂︁ \widehat{abc}*
←− −→
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftarrow{abc}† 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightarrow{abc}†
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overline{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underline{abc}
⏞⏟
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbrace{abc} ⏟𝑎𝑏𝑐
⏞ \underbrace{abc}
√
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \sqrt{abc}‡

As demonstrated in a 1997 TUGboat article about typesetting long-division

problems [Gib97], an extensible long-division sign (“ )𝑎𝑏𝑐 ”) can be faked by
putting a “\big)” in a tabular environment with an \hline or \cline in
the preceding row. The article also presents a piece of code (uploaded to
CTAN as longdiv.tex) that automatically solves and typesets—by putting an
\overline atop “\big)” and the desired text—long-division problems. More
recently, the STIX fonts include a true long-division sign. See \longdivision
in Table 242 for a sample of this symbol. See also the polynom package, which
automatically solves and typesets polynomial-division problems in a similar
manner.

*
These symbols are made more extensible by the MnSymbol package (Table 240
on the following page). and even more extensible by the yhmath package (Ta-
ble 238).

†
If you’re looking for an extensible diagonal line or arrow to be used for canceling
5
or reducing mathematical subexpressions (e.g., “ 𝑥+−𝑥”
 or “ 3+ 2 ”) then
:
consider using the cancel package.
‡
With an optional argument,√ \sqrt typesets nth roots. For example,
√
“\sqrt[3]{abc}” produces “ 3 𝑎𝑏𝑐 ” and “\sqrt[n]{abc}” produces “ 𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑐 ”.

Table 237: overrightarrow Extensible Accents

=⇒
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \Overrightarrow{abc}

Table 238: yhmath Extensible Accents

𝑎𝑏𝑐
” \widehat{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
› \widetilde{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
ˆ \wideparen{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
È \widetriangle{abc}
˚
𝑎𝑏𝑐
ˆ \widering{abc}

Table 239: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Extensible Accents

←→
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftrightarrow{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
←→ \underleftrightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
←− \underleftarrow{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
−→ \underrightarrow{abc}

102
 Table 240: MnSymbol Extensible Accents
«
abc \overbrace{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \undergroup{abc}
´¹¹ ¹ ¹¶
³¹¹ ¹ ¹µ
zx
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overgroup{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underlinesegment{abc}
↼Ð ̂
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftharpoon{abc} abc \widehat{abc}
zx Í
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overlinesegment{abc} abc \wideparen{abc}
Ð⇀ ̃
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightharpoon{abc} abc \widetilde{abc}

abc \underbrace{abc}
°

Table 241: fdsymbol Extensible Accents

ÌÒÒ ÐÒ ÒÎ
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbrace{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \undergroup{abc}
ÍÒÒ Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò ÒÏ
ÌÒÒ Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò ÒÎ
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overgroup{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underlinesegment{abc}
¬­
↽−− ̂
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftharpoon{abc} abc \widehat{abc}
¬­ ̑
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overlinesegment{abc} abc \wideparen{abc}
−−⇀ ̃
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightharpoon{abc} abc \widetilde{abc}

𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underbrace{abc}
ÍÒÒ ÑÒ ÒÏ

Table 242: stix Extensible Accents

⟌
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \longdivision{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underbracket{abc}
⎵
⏞⏞⏞
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbrace{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underleftarrow{abc}
⎴ ⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbracket{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underleftharpoon{abc}
⃐⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftarrow{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underleftrightarrow{abc}
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃗
⃐⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overleftharpoon{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underparen{abc}
⏝⏝
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
𝑎𝑏𝑐⃗ \overleftrightarrow{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underrightarrow{abc}
⏜⏜ ⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃗
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overparen{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underrightharpoon{abc}
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃑
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃗
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightarrow{abc} ̌
abc \widecheck{abc}
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃑
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overrightharpoon{abc} ̂
abc \widehat{abc}
√
⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖⃖
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \sqrt{abc} ̃
abc \widetilde{abc}

𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underbrace{abc}
⏟⏟⏟

103
 Table 243: mathtools Extensible Accents
⏞⏟
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbrace{abc} ⏟𝑎𝑏𝑐
⏞ \underbrace{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbracket{abc}* 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underbracket{abc}*

*
\overbracket and \underbracket accept optional arguments that specify the
bracket height and thickness. See the mathtools documentation for more in-
formation.

Table 244: mathabx Extensible Accents

hkkikkj
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbrace{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
Ď \widebar{abc}
hkkk j
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overgroup{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
| \widecheck{abc}

loo𝑎𝑏𝑐
moon \underbrace{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
Ň \wideparen{abc}

𝑎𝑏𝑐
lo
oo n \undergroup{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
Ň̊ \widering{abc}

𝑎𝑏𝑐
Ĺ \widearrow{abc}

The braces shown for \overbrace and \underbrace appear in their minimum
size. They can expand arbitrarily wide, however.

Table 245: fourier Extensible Accents

𝑎𝑏𝑐
Ù \widearc{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
– \wideparen{abc}
˚
𝑎𝑏𝑐
å \wideOarc{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐
– \widering{abc}

Table 246: esvect Extensible Accents

#”
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option a
#„
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option b
#«
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option c
#»
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option d
#–
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option e
#—
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option f
#
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option g
#‰
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \vv{abc} with package option h

esvect also defines a \vv* macro which is used to typeset arrows over vector
variables with subscripts. See the esvect documentation for more information.

104
 Table 247: abraces Extensible Accents
⏞ ⏟
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \aoverbrace{abc} ⏟𝑎𝑏𝑐
⏞ \aunderbrace{abc}

\aoverbrace and \aunderbrace accept optional arguments that provide a

great deal of control over the braces’ appearance. For example, these com-
mands can produce braces with asymmetric endpoints, braces that span lines,
dashed braces, and multicolored braces. See the abraces documentation for
more information.

Table 248: undertilde Extensible Accents

𝑎𝑏𝑐 \utilde{abc}
̃︁
Because \utilde is based on \widetilde it is also made more extensible by
the yhmath package (Table 238 on page 102).

Table 249: ushort Extensible Accents

𝑎𝑏𝑐 \ushortdw{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \ushortw{abc}

\ushortw and \ushortdw are intended to be used with multi-character argu-

ments (“words”) while \ushortand \ushortd are intended to be used with
single-character arguments.

The underlines produced by the ushort commands are shorter than those pro-
duced by the \underline command. Consider the output from the expres-
sion “\ushort{x}\ushort{y}\underline{x}\underline{y}”, which looks
like “𝑥𝑦𝑥𝑦”.

Table 250: mdwmath Extensible Accents

√
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \sqrt*{abc}

Table 251: actuarialangle Extensible Accents

𝑎𝑏𝑐 \actuarialangle{abc}

The actuarialangle package additionally defines \angl as \actuarialangle

with a small amount of extra space to the right of the accented expression
under the , \angln as \angl{n}, and \anglr as \angl{r}.

Table 252: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Extensible Arrows

𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
←−− \xleftarrow{abc} −−→ \xrightarrow{abc}

105
 Table 253: mathtools Extensible Arrows
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
←−−˒ \xhookleftarrow{abc} ↼
−−
−−
⇁ \xleftrightharpoons{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
˓−−→ \xhookrightarrow{abc} ↦−−→ \xmapsto{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
⇐== \xLeftarrow{abc} ==⇒ \xRightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
↽−− \xleftharpoondown{abc} −−⇁ \xrightharpoondown{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
↼−− \xleftharpoonup{abc} −−⇀ \xrightharpoonup{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
←−→ \xleftrightarrow{abc} −
↽−
−⇀
− \xrightleftharpoons{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
⇐=⇒ \xLeftrightarrow{abc}

Table 254: chemarr Extensible Arrows

𝑎𝑏𝑐
−
↽−
−⇀
− \xrightleftharpoons{abc}

Table 255: chemarrow Extensible Arrows

abc abc
DGGGGGGG \autoleftarrow{abc}{def} GGGGGGGA \autorightarrow{abc}{def}
def def

abc abc
E
GGGGGGGC
GG \autoleftrightharpoons{abc}{def} GGGGGGGB
F GG \autorightleftharpoons{abc}{def}
def def

In addition to the symbols shown above, chemarrow also provides \larrowfill,

\rarrowfill, \leftrightharpoonsfill, and \rightleftharpoonsfill
macros. Each of these takes a length argument and produces an arrow of
the specified length.

Table 256: extarrows Extensible Arrows

𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
⇐=⇒ \xLeftrightarrow{abc} ⇐=
=⇒ \xLongleftrightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
←−→ \xleftrightarrow{abc} ←−
−→ \xlongleftrightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
==== \xlongequal{abc} ==⇒ \xLongrightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
⇐== \xLongleftarrow{abc} −−→ \xlongrightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
←−− \xlongleftarrow{abc}

106
 Table 257: extpfeil Extensible Arrows
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
==== \xlongequal{abc} −−−− \xtwoheadleftarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
↦−−→ \xmapsto{abc} −−−− \xtwoheadrightarrow{abc}
𝑎𝑏𝑐
−===−

\xtofrom{abc}

The extpfeil package also provides a \newextarrow command to help you define
your own extensible arrow symbols. See the extpfeil documentation for more
information.

Table 258: DotArrow Extensible Arrows

𝑎
≻ \dotarrow{a}

The DotArrow package provides mechanisms for lengthening the arrow, adjust-
ing the distance between the arrow and its symbol, and altering the arrowhead.
See the DotArrow documentation for more information.

Table 259: trfsigns Extensible Transform Symbols

𝑎 \dft{a} 𝑎 \DFT{a}

Table 260: holtpolt Non-commutative Division Symbols

𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
\holter{abc}{def} \polter{abc}{def}
𝑑𝑒𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓

Table 261: Dots

..
· \cdotp : \colon* . \ldotp . \vdots†
..
··· \cdots . \ddots† ... \ldots
*
While “:” is valid in math mode, \colon uses different surrounding spac-
ing. See Section 10.4 and the Short Math Guide for LATEX [Dow00] for more
information on math-mode spacing.
†
The mathdots package redefines \ddots and \vdots (Table 267) to make them
scale properly with font size. (They normally scale horizontally but not verti-
cally.) \fixedddots and \fixedvdots provide the original, fixed-height func-
tionality of LATEX 2𝜀 ’s \ddots and \vdots macros.

107
 Table 262: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Dots
∵ \because* ··· \dotsi ∴ \therefore*
··· \dotsb ··· \dotsm
... \dotsc ... \dotso
*
\because and \therefore are defined as binary relations and therefore also
appear in Table 88 on page 47.

The 𝒜ℳ𝒮 \dots symbols are named according to their intended usage:
\dotsb between pairs of binary operators/relations, \dotsc between pairs of
commas, \dotsi between pairs of integrals, \dotsm between pairs of multipli-
cation signs, and \dotso between other symbol pairs.

Table 263: wasysym Dots

∴ \wasytherefore

Table 264: MnSymbol Dots

⋅ \cdot
\hdotdot ⋰ \udots
 \ddotdot ⋯ \hdots ∴ \uptherefore
⋱ \ddots  \lefttherefore ∶ \vdotdot
\diamonddots \righttherefore ⋮ \vdots
∵ \downtherefore ∷ \squaredots
 \fivedots  \udotdot

MnSymbol defines \therefore as \uptherefore and \because as

\downtherefore. Furthermore, \cdotp and \colon produce the same glyphs
as \cdot and \vdotdot respectively but serve as TEX math punctuation
(class 6 symbols) instead of TEX binary operators (class 2).

All of the above except \hdots and \vdots are defined as binary operators
and therefore also appear in Table 56 on page 29.

Table 265: fdsymbol Dots

⋅ \cdot ⋯ \hdots ⋰ \udots
 \ddotdot  \lefttherefore ∴ \uptherefore
⋱ \ddots \righttherefore ∶ \vdotdot
∵ \downtherefore ∷ \squaredots

\hdotdot  \udotdot

fdsymbol defines \adots as a synonym for \udots; \because as a synonym

for \downtherefore; \cdotp as a synonym for \cdot; \cdots as a synonym
for \hdots; \Colon as a synonym for \squaredots; \colon, \mathcolon, and
\mathratio as synonyms for \vdotdot; and \therefore as a synonym for
\uptherefore. (Some of these serve different mathematical roles, such as
relations versus binary operators.)

108
 Table 266: stix Dots
⋰ \adots ⋯ \cdots ⦙ \fourvdots
∵ \because ∷ \Colon . \ldotp
⋅ \cdot ⋱ \ddots … \mathellipsis
· \cdotp ‥ \enleadertwodots ∴ \therefore

stix defines \centerdot as a synonym for \cdotp and \dotsb and \dotsm as
synonyms for \cdots.

Table 267: mathdots Dots

.. . .
. \ddots . . \iddots .. \vdots

Unlike the default definitions of the above (Table 261), mathdots’s commands
are designed to scale properly with the surrounding font size.

Table 268: yhmath Dots

.
.. \adots

Table 269: teubner Dots

.. .. .. .. .. \antilabe
\: . \; .. \?

Table 270: begriff Begriffsschrift Symbols

\BGassert \BGcontent \BGnot

𝑏 \BGconditional{a}{b} a \BGquant{a}
𝑎

The begriff package contains additional commands for typesetting Frege’s Be-
griffsschrift notation for second-order logic. See the begriff documentation for
more information.

109
 Table 271: frege Begriffsschrift Symbols
\Facontent \Fanncontent \Fncontent
\Fancontent \Fcontent \Fnncontent

a \Fannquant{a} a \Faquant{a} a \Fnquant{a}

a \Fannquantn{a}
a \Fannquantnn{a}
a \Fanquant{a}
a \Fanquantn{a}
a \Fanquantnn{a}
a \Faquantn{a} a \Fnquantn{a}
a \Faquantnn{a} a \Fnquantnn{a}
a \Fnnquant{a} a \Fquantn{a}
a \Fnnquantn{a} a \Fquantnn{a}
a \Fnnquantnn{a}

The frege package contains additional commands for typesetting Frege’s Be-
griffsschrift notation for second-order logic. See the frege documentation for
more information.

Table 272: mathcomp Math Symbols

℃ \tccentigrade Ω \tcohm ‰ \tcperthousand
µ \tcmu ‱ \tcpertenthousand

Table 273: marvosym Math Symbols

W \AngleSign > \LargerOrEqual * \MVMultiplication
; \Conclusion < \LessOrEqual . \MVPeriod
] \Congruent ÷ \MultiplicationDot + \MVPlus
= \Corresponds , \MVComma : \MVRightArrow
[ \Divides / \MVDivision ) \MVRightBracket
\ \DividesNot ( \MVLeftBracket ^ \NotCongruent
? \Equivalence - \MVMinus

Table 274: marvosym Digits

0 \MVZero 2 \MVTwo 4 \MVFour 6 \MVSix 8 \MVEight
1 \MVOne 3 \MVThree 5 \MVFive 7 \MVSeven 9 \MVNine

Table 275: fge Digits

0 \fgestruckzero 1 \fgestruckone

Table 276: dozenal Base-12 Digits

X \x E \e

Table 277: mathabx Mayan Digits

0 \maya{0} 2 \maya{2} 4 \maya{4}
1 \maya{1} 3 \maya{3} 5 \maya{5}

110
 Table 278: stix Infinities
♾ \acidfree ∞ \infty ⧝ \tieinfty
⧜ \iinfin ⧞ \nvinfty

Table 279: stix Primes

′ \prime ‵ \backprime
″ \dprime ‶ \backdprime
‴ \trprime ‷ \backtrprime
⁗ \qprime

Table 280: stix Empty Sets

∅ \emptyset ⦱ \emptysetobar ∅ \varnothing
⦳ \emptysetoarr ⦲ \emptysetocirc
⦴ \emptysetoarrl ⦰ \revemptyset

Table 281: 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Angles

∠ \angle ] \measuredangle ^ \sphericalangle

Table 282: MnSymbol Angles

∠ \angle ∡ \measuredangle ∢ \sphericalangle

Table 283: fdsymbol Angles

∠ \angle ⦣ \revangle ∢ \sphericalangle
∡ \measuredangle ⦛ \revmeasuredangle § \sphericalangledown
⊾ \measuredrightangle ∟ \rightangle ⦠ \sphericalangleleft
⦝ \measuredrightangledot ⦜ \rightanglesquare ⦡ \sphericalangleup

fdsymbol defines \measuredangleleft as a synonym for \revmeasuredangle;

\revsphericalangle and \gtlpar as synonyms for \sphericalangleleft;
\rightanglesqr as a synonym for \rightanglesquare; and
\rightanglemdot as a synonym for \measuredrightangledot.

Table 284: boisik Angles

Õ \angle à \rightangle × \sphericalangle
Ö \measuredangle â \rightanglemdot
á \measuredrightangle ã \rightanglesqr

111

⦟ \angdnr
∠ \angle
⦞ \angles
⦤ \angleubar
⦠ \gtlpar
⦯ \measangledltosw
⦮ \measangledrtose
⦫ \measangleldtosw
⦩ \measanglelutonw
⦪ \measanglerdtose
Table 285: stix Angles
⦨ \measanglerutone
⦭ \measangleultonw
⦬ \measangleurtone
∡ \measuredangle
⦛ \measuredangleleft
⊾ \measuredrightangle
⍼ \rangledownzigzagarrow
⦣ \revangle
⦥ \revangleubar
∟ \rightangle
⦝ \rightanglemdot
⦜ \rightanglesqr
∢ \sphericalangle
⦡ \sphericalangleup
⟀ \threedangle
⦢ \turnangle
⦦ \wideangledown
⦧ \wideangleup

Table 286: Miscellaneous LATEX 2𝜀 Math Symbols

ℵ \aleph  \Box*,† ∇ \nabla △ \triangle
∅ \emptyset‡ ^ \Diamond* ¬ \neg
̸ \angle ∞ \infty ′‘ \prime
∖ \backslash f \mho* \surd
*
Not predefined in LATEX 2𝜀 . Use one of the packages latexsym, amsfonts,
amssymb, txfonts, pxfonts, or wasysym. Note, however, that amsfonts and
amssymb define \Diamond to produce the same glyph as \lozenge (“♦”); the
other packages produce a squarer \Diamond as depicted above.
†
To use \Box—or any other symbol—as an end-of-proof (Q.E.D.) marker, con-
sider using the ntheorem package, which properly juxtaposes a symbol with the
end of the proof text.
‡
Many people prefer the look of 𝒜ℳ𝒮’s \varnothing (“∅”, Table 287) to that
of LATEX’s \emptyset.

Table 287: Miscellaneous 𝒜ℳ𝒮 Math Symbols

8 \backprime H \blacktriangledown f \mho
F \bigstar  \diagdown  \square
 \blacklozenge  \diagup O \triangledown
 \blacksquare ð \eth ∅ \varnothing
N \blacktriangle ♦ \lozenge M \vartriangle

Table 288: Miscellaneous wasysym Math Symbols

2 \Box 3 \Diamond f \mho*  \varangle

*
wasysym also defines an \agemO symbol, which is the same glyph as \mho but
is intended for use in text mode.

Table 289: Miscellaneous txfonts/pxfonts Math Symbols

_ \Diamondblack o \lambdabar
 \Diamonddot n \lambdaslash

112
 Table 290: Miscellaneous mathabx Math Symbols
0 \degree 4 \fourth > \measuredangle 2 \second
å \diagdown # \hash & \pitchfork ? \sphericalangle
ä \diagup 8 \infty 9 \propto 3 \third
I \diameter $ \leftthreetimes % \rightthreetimes # \varhash

Table 291: Miscellaneous MnSymbol Math Symbols

⌐ \backneg ∅ \diameter ⨼ \invneg ¬ \neg
‵ \backprime ∞ \infty ✠ \maltese ′ \prime
✓ \checkmark ⨽ \invbackneg ∇ \nabla ∫ \smallint

MnSymbol defines \emptyset and \varnothing as synonyms for \diameter;

\lnot and \minushookdown as synonyms for \neg; \minushookup as a
synonym for \invneg; \hookdownminus as a synonym for \backneg; and,
\hookupminus as a synonym for \invbackneg.

Table 292: Miscellaneous Internal MnSymbol Math Symbols

∫…∫ \partialvardint
⨚ \partialvardlanddownint
⨙ \partialvardlandupint
∲ \partialvardlcircleleftint
∲ \partialvardlcirclerightint
∯ \partialvardoiint
∮ \partialvardoint
∳ \partialvardrcircleleftint
∳ \partialvardrcirclerightint
⨏ \partialvardstrokedint
⨋ \partialvardsumint
∫…∫ \partialvartint
⨚ \partialvartlanddownint
⨙ \partialvartlandupint
∲ \partialvartlcircleleftint
∲ \partialvartlcirclerightint
∯ \partialvartoiint
∮ \partialvartoint
∳ \partialvartrcircleleftint
∳ \partialvartrcirclerightint
⨏ \partialvartstrokedint
⨋ \partialvartsumint

These symbols are intended to be used internally by MnSymbol to construct

the integrals appearing in Table 79 on page 41 but can nevertheless be used in
isolation.

Table 293: Miscellaneous fdsymbol Math Symbols

⌐ \backneg ∞ \infty ′ \prime
‵ \backprime ⌐ \invneg ⦰ \revemptyset
✓ \checkmark ✠ \maltese ⌔ \sector
∅ \emptyset ¬ \neg ∫ \smallint

fdsymbol defines \hookdownminus as a synonym for \backneg; \invneg and

\invnot as synonyms for \backneg; \lnot and \minushookdown as synonyms
for \neg; \turnedbackneg as a synonym for \intprodr; \turnedneg as a
synonym for \intprod; and \diameter and \varnothing as synonyms for
\emptyset.

113
 Table 294: Miscellaneous boisik Math Symbols
~ \backepsilon ò \hermitmatrix Ý \notbot
À \backprime ÷ \iinfin Ü \nottop
ï \checkmark ‡ \invnot } \riota
å \dalambert † \lambdabar ñ \sinewave
Ü \diagdown ‡ \lambdaslash Á \varnothing
Û \diagup î \maltese

Table 295: Miscellaneous stix Math Symbols

⏦ \accurrent ⊹ \hermitmatrix ⅊ \PropertyLine

∖ \backslash ⁃ \hyphenbullet ∎ \QED
⎶ \bbrktbrk 〰 \hzigzag ⁇ \Question
⟘ \bigbot ∆ \increment ⤫ \rdiagovfdiag
⫼ \biginterleave ◘ \inversebullet ⟖ \rightouterjoin
⟙ \bigtop ⌐ \invnot ⅃ \sansLmirrored
☻ \blacksmiley ⨝ \Join ⅂ \sansLturned
⎪ \bracevert ⧠ \laplac ∿ \sinewave
‸ \caretinsert ⟕ \leftouterjoin ⏤ \strns
✓ \checkmark ◟ \llarc ⧧ \thermod
⌲ \conictaper ◞ \lrarc ⫱ \topcir
☡ \danger ✠ \maltese ⌙ \turnednot
⟍ \diagdown § \mathsection ⏡ \ubrbrak
⟋ \diagup ␣ \mathvisiblespace ◜ \ularc
⌀ \diameter ∇ \nabla ◝ \urarc
✽ \dingasterisk ¬ \neg* ⌗ \viewdata
⏧ \elinters ⏠ \obrbrak ⦚ \vzigzag
ð \eth ⫡ \perps ¥ \yen
‼ \Exclam 〒 \postalmark ⨟ \zcmp
⤬ \fdiagovrdiag ⌒ \profline ⨠ \zpipe
⟗ \fullouterjoin ⌓ \profsurf ⨡ \zproject

*
stix defines \lnot as a synonym for \neg.

Table 296: Miscellaneous textcomp Text-mode Math Symbols

° \textdegree* ½ \textonehalf† ¾ \textthreequarters†
÷ \textdiv ¼ \textonequarter† ³ \textthreesuperior
⁄ \textfractionsolidus ¹ \textonesuperior × \texttimes
¬ \textlnot ± \textpm ² \texttwosuperior
− \textminus √ \textsurd
*
If you prefer a larger degree symbol you might consider defining one as
“\ensuremath{^\circ}” (“∘ ”).

†
nicefrac (part of the units package) or the newer xfrac package can be used to
construct vulgar fractions like “1/2”, “1/4”, “3/4”, and even “c/o”.

114
 Table 297: Miscellaneous fge Math Symbols
K \fgebackslash S \fgecap R \fgecupacute h \fgelangle
M \fgebaracute Q \fgecapbar P \fgecupbar L \fgeupbracket
O \fgebarcap N \fgecup i \fgeinfty

Table 298: Miscellaneous mathdesign Math Symbols

∟ \rightangle

115
 Table 299: Math Alphabets

Font sample Generating command Required package

ABCdef123 \mathrm{ABCdef123} none
ABCdef123 \mathit{ABCdef123} none
𝐴𝐵𝐶𝑑𝑒𝑓 123 \mathnormal{ABCdef123} none
𝒜ℬ𝒞 \mathcal{ABC} none
ABC \mathscr{ABC} mathrsfs
or \mathcal{ABC} calrsfs
ABC \mathcal{ABC} euscript with the mathcal option
or \mathscr{ABC} euscript with the mathscr option
AB C \mathcal{ABC} rsfso
or \mathscr{ABC} rsfso with the scr option
ABC \mathcal{ABC} urwchancal*
or \mathscr{ABC} urwchancal* with the mathscr option
ABC \mathbb{ABC} amsfonts,S amssymb, txfonts, or pxfonts
‚ƒ \varmathbb{ABC} txfonts or pxfonts
ABCdef123 \mathbb{ABCdef123} bbold or mathbbol†
ABCdef123 \mathbb{ABCdef123} mbboard†
ABCdef12 \mathbbm{ABCdef12} bbm
ABCdef12 \mathbbmss{ABCdef12} bbm
ABCdef12 \mathbbmtt{ABCdef12} bbm
ABC1 \mathds{ABC1} dsfont
ABC1 \mathds{ABC1} dsfont with the sans option
ÁÂÃ \symA\symB\symC china2e‡
ABCdef123 \mathfrak{ABCdef123} eufrak
ABCdef123 \textfrak{ABCdef123} yfonts¶
ABCdef123 \textswab{ABCdef123} yfonts¶
ABCˇf123 \textgoth{ABCdef123} yfonts¶

*
urwchancal redefines \mathcal or \mathscr to use Zapf Chancery as the cali-
graphic or script font. However, like all \mathcal and \mathscr commands
shown in Table 299, these support only uppercase letters. An alternative is to
put “\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathpzc}{OT1}{pzc}{m}{it}” in your docu-
ment’s preamble to make \mathpzc typeset a wider set of characters in Zapf
Chancery. Unfortunately, with this technique accents, superscripts, and sub-
scripts don’t align as well as they do with urwchancal.

r
As a similar trick, you can typeset the Calligra font’s script “ ” (or other
calligraphic symbols) in math mode by loading the calligra package and
putting “\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathcalligra}{T1}{calligra}{m}{n}”
in your document’s preamble to make \mathcalligra typeset its
argument in the Calligra font. (You may also want to spec-
ify “\DeclareFontShape{T1}{calligra}{m}{n}{<->s*[2.2]callig15}{}”
to set Calligra at 2.2 times its design size for a better blend with typical body
fonts.)

116
†
The mathbbol package defines some additional blackboard bold charac-
ters: parentheses, square brackets, angle brackets, and—if the bbgreekl op-
tion is passed to mathbbol—Greek letters. For instance, “<[(αβγ)]>” is
produced by “\mathbb{\Langle\Lbrack\Lparen\bbalpha\bbbeta\bbgamma
\Rparen\Rbrack\Rangle}”.

mbboard extends the blackboard bold symbol set significantly further. It

supports not only the Greek alphabet—including “Greek-like” symbols such
as \bbnabla (“š”)—but also all punctuation marks, various currency sym-
bols such as \bbdollar (“$”) and \bbeuro (“û”), and the Hebrew alpha-
bet (e.g., “\bbfinalnun\bbyod\bbqof\bbpe” → “ÏÉ×Ô”).

‡
The \sym. . . commands provided by the ChinA2e package are actually text-
mode commands. They are included in Table 299 because they resemble the
blackboard-bold symbols that appear in the rest of the table. In addition to the
26 letters of the English alphabet, ChinA2e provides three umlauted blackboard-
Û Ü Ý
bold letters: \symAE (“ ”), \symOE (“ ”), and \symUE (“ ”). Note that ChinA2e
does provide math-mode commands for the most common number-set symbols.
These are presented in Table 179 on page 87.
¶
As their \text. . . names imply, the fonts provided by the yfonts package are
actually text fonts. They are included in Table 299 because they are frequently
used in a mathematical context.
S
An older (i.e., prior to 1991) version of the 𝒜ℳ𝒮’s fonts rendered C, N, R, S,
and Z as C, N, R, S, and Z. As some people prefer the older glyphs—much
to the 𝒜ℳ𝒮’s surprise—and because those glyphs fail to build under modern
versions of METAFONT, Berthold Horn uploaded PostScript fonts for the older
blackboard-bold glyphs to CTAN, to the fonts/msym10 directory. As of this
writing, however, there are no LATEX 2𝜀 packages for utilizing the now-obsolete
glyphs.

117
4 Science and technology symbols

This section lists symbols that are employed in various branches of science and engineering.

Table 300: gensymb Symbols Defined to Work in Both Math and Text Mode
℃ \celsius µ \micro ‰ \perthousand
° \degree Ω \ohm

Table 301: wasysym Electrical and Physical Symbols

: \AC @ \VHF 𝑏 \photon F \HF QPPPPPPR \gluon

Table 302: ifsym Pulse Diagram Symbols

! ' % "
& $ #
\FallingEdge \LongPulseLow \PulseLow \ShortPulseHigh
\LongPulseHigh \PulseHigh \RaisingEdge \ShortPulseLow

In addition, within \textifsym{. . .}, the following codes are valid:

l l m m h h d d < < > >

L L M M H H D D = << ? >>

This enables one to write “\textifsym{mm<DDD>mm}” to get “ mm<DDD>mm

” or
“\textifsym{L|H|L|H|L}” to get “ L|H|L|H|L
”. See also the timing package,
which provides a wide variety of pulse-diagram symbols within an environment
designed specifically for typesetting pulse diagrams.

Finally, \textifsym supports the display of segmented digits, as would

appear on an LCD: “\textifsym{-123.456}” produces “ ”. -123.456
“\textifsym{b}” outputs a blank with the same width as an “ ”. 8

Table 303: ar Aspect Ratio Symbol

A \AR

Table 304: textcomp Text-mode Science and Engineering Symbols

℃ \textcelsius ℧ \textmho µ \textmu Ω \textohm

118
 Table 305: steinmetz Extensible Phasor Symbol
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \phase{abc}

The \phase command uses the pict2e package to draw a horizontally and
vertically scalable Steinmetz phasor symbol. Consequently, \phase works only
with those TEX backends supported by pict2e. See the pict2e documentation
for more information.

Table 306: wasysym Astronomical Symbols

' \mercury ♁ \earth X \jupiter Z \uranus \ \pluto

♀ \venus ♂ \mars Y \saturn [ \neptune

⊙ \astrosun # \fullmoon $ \leftmoon \newmoon % \rightmoon

 \aries _ \cancer a \libra e \aquarius

] \taurus  \leo b \scorpio d \capricornus
^ \gemini ` \virgo c \sagittarius f \pisces

 \ascnode  \descnode V \conjunction W \opposition  \vernal

Table 307: marvosym Astronomical Symbols

 \Mercury Ê \Earth Å \Jupiter Ç \Uranus É \Pluto
à \Venus Ä \Mars Æ \Saturn È \Neptune

Á \Moon À \Sun

à \Aries ã \Cancer æ \Libra é \Capricorn

á \Taurus ä \Leo ç \Scorpio ê \Aquarius
â \Gemini å \Virgo è \Sagittarius ë \Pisces

Note that \Aries . . . \Pisces can also be specified with \Zodiac{1} . . .

\Zodiac{12}.

Table 308: fontawesome Astronomical Symbols

{ \faMars  \faMoonO ♀ \faVenus
| \faMercury ☼ \faSunO

119
 Table 309: mathabx Astronomical Symbols
A \Mercury C \Earth E \Jupiter G \Uranus I \Pluto
B \Venus D \Mars F \Saturn H \Neptune J \varEarth

M \fullmoon K \leftmoon N \newmoon L \rightmoon @ \Sun

P \Aries Q \Taurus R \Gemini

mathabx also defines \girl as an alias for \Venus, \boy as an alias for \Mars,
and \Moon as an alias for \leftmoon.

Table 310: stix Astronomical Symbols

☉ \astrosun ☾ \leftmoon ☽ \rightmoon ☼ \sun

Table 311: starfont Astronomical Symbols

f \Mercury h \Mars F \Uranus l \varTerra
g \Venus j \Jupiter G \Neptune A \varUranus
L \Terra S \Saturn J \Pluto H \varPluto

s \Sun d \Moon a \varMoon

ä \Cupido ü \Zeus ß \Apollon ö \Vulkanus

Ü \Hades Ä \Kronos Ö \Admetos § \Poseidon

Ø \Lilith k \NorthNode ? \SouthNode

+ \Amor @ \Eros ; \Juno ˝ \Sappho

 \Ceres % \Hidalgo : \Pallas ˙ \Vesta
D \Chiron ½ \Hygiea ¿ \Psyche

K \Fortune

x \Aries n \Leo V \Sagittarius Z \varCapricorn

c \Taurus m \Virgo B \Capricorn
v \Gemini X \Libra N \Aquarius
b \Cancer C \Scorpio M \Pisces

q \Conjunction t \Square w \Semisextile

p \Opposition r \Sextile e \Semisquare
u \Trine o \Quincunx i \Sesquiquadrate

1 \ASC ’ \EastPoint 3 \MC

2 \DSC 4 \IC ! \Vertex

7 \Direct 5 \Retrograde 6 \Station

Ò \Air Ñ \Earth Ð \Fire Ó \Water

0 \Natal å \Pentagram ) \Radix

120
 Table 312: wasysym APL Symbols
~ \APLbox ÷
~ \APLinv E \APLstar
 \APLcomment p \APLleftarrowbox \APLup
F \APLdown  \APLlog n \APLuparrowbox
o \APLdownarrowbox − \APLminus −
∖ \notbackslash
} \APLinput q \APLrightarrowbox −
/ \notslash

∘
𝑎 \APLcirc{a} ∼
𝑎 \APLnot{a} 𝑎| \APLvert{a}

Table 313: stix APL Symbols

⍰ \APLboxquestion ⍀ \APLnotbackslash
⍓ \APLboxupcaret ⌿ \APLnotslash

Table 314: apl APL Symbols

| \AB  \DD | \GD  \LK  \PD ^ \UA G \ZG Q \ZQ
 \AM  \DE  \GE  \LO '

\QQ  \US H \ZH R \ZR
\ \BL  \DL  \GO  \LU } \RB  \UU I \ZI S \ZS

\BX \DM | \GU  \NE  \RK 
 \XQ J \ZJ T \ZT
\
- \CB %

\DQ  \IB  \NG  \RO A \ZA K \ZK U \ZU
 \CE  \DU \IO & \NN  \RU B \ZB L \ZL V \ZV
 \CO  \EN { \LB  \NR | \RV C \ZC M \ZM W \ZW

- \CR  \EP  \LD  \NT  \SO D \ZD N \ZN X \ZX
/- \CS  \FL
\LE  \OM SS \SS E \ZE O \ZO Y \ZY
 \DA 
 \FM * \LG  \OR \ \TR F \ZF P \ZP Z \ZZ

Table 315: marvosym Computer Hardware Symbols

Í \ComputerMouse Ñ \ParallelPort Î \SerialInterface
Ï \Keyboard Ò \Printer Ð \SerialPort

121
 Table 316: keystroke Computer Keys
Alt \Alt Enter \Enter* PrtSc \PrtSc*
AltGr \AltGr Esc \Esc* → \RArrow
Break \Break* Home \Home* ←˒ \Return
→−↦ \BSpace† Ins \Ins* Scroll \Scroll*
Ctrl \Ctrl* ← \LArrow Shift ⇑ \Shift*
↓ \DArrow Num \NumLock \Spacebar
Del \Del* Page ↓ \PgDown* →
−−
−−
→ \Tab†
End \End* Page ↑ \PgUp* ↑ \UArrow

*
Changes based on the language option passed to the keystroke package. For
example, the german option makes \Del produce “ Entf ” instead of “ Del ”.

†
These symbols utilize the rotating package and therefore display improperly in
most DVI viewers.
The \keystroke command draws a key with an arbitrary label. For example,
“\keystroke{F7}” produces “ F7 ”.

Table 317: ascii Control Characters (CP437)

␁ \SOH ␈ \BS ␏ \SI ␖ \SYN ␝ \GS
␂ \STX ␉ \HT ␐ \DLE ␗ \ETB ␞ \RS
␃ \ETX ␊ \LF ␑ \DCa ␘ \CAN  \US
␄ \EOT ␋ \VT ␒ \DCb ␙ \EM
␅ \ENQ ␌ \FF ␓ \DCc ␚ \SUB
␆ \ACK 
- \CR ␔ \DCd ␛ \ESC
␇ \BEL  \SO ␕ \NAK ␜ \FS

␡ \DEL   \NBSP ␀ \NUL ¦ \splitvert

Code Page 437 (CP437), which was first utilized by the original IBM PC, uses
the symbols \SOH through \US to depict ASCII characters 1–31 and \DEL to
depict ASCII character 127. The \NUL symbol, not part of CP437, represents
ASCII character 0. \NBSP, also not part of CP437, represents a nonbreaking
space. \splitvert is merely the “|” character drawn as it was on the IBM PC.

122
 Table 318: logic Logic Gates

 \ANDd  \BUFu  \NANDl

\ORd

 \ANDl \BusWidth  \NANDr  \ORl

\ANDr  \INVd  \NANDu \ORr

 \ANDu  \INVl  \NORd  \ORu

 \BUFd  \INVr  \NORl

 \BUFl  \INVu \NORr

 \BUFr  \NANDd  \NORu

The logic package implements the digital logic-gate symbols specified by

the U.S. Department of Defense’s MIL-STD-806 standard. Note that
on CTAN, the package is called logic, but the package is loaded using
\usepackage{milstd}. (There was already a—completely unrelated—milstd
package on CTAN at the time of logic’s release.) Consequently, package details
are listed under milstd in Table 521 and Table 522 on page 226.

Table 319: marvosym Communication Symbols

k \Email t \fax v \Faxmachine E \Lightning A \Pickup
z \EmailCT u \FAX B \Letter H \Mobilefone T \Telefon

Table 320: marvosym Engineering Symbols

" \Beam l \Force ‘ \Octosteel ž \RoundedTTsteel
# \Bearing ’ \Hexasteel ˜ \Rectpipe — \Squarepipe
› \Circpipe & \Lefttorque ” \Rectsteel “ \Squaresteel
• \Circsteel L \Lineload ' \Righttorque œ \Tsteel
% \Fixedbearing $ \Loosebearing  \RoundedLsteel* š \TTsteel
– \Flatsteel ™ \Lsteel Ÿ \RoundedTsteel*
*
\RoundedLsteel and \RoundedTsteel seem to be swapped, at least in the
2000/05/01 version of marvosym.

Table 321: wasysym Biological Symbols

♀ \female ♂ \male

123
 Table 322: stix Biological Symbols
♀ \female ♂ \male
⚥ \Hermaphrodite ⚲ \neuter

Table 323: marvosym Biological Symbols

 \FEMALE … \FemaleMale | \Male { \Neutral
~ \Female } \Hermaphrodite ‚ \MALE
„ \FemaleFemale € \HERMAPHRODITE ƒ \MaleMale

Table 324: fontawesome Biological Symbols

† \faGenderless „ \faMarsStrokeH ~ \faTransgenderAlt
{ \faMars ƒ \faMarsStrokeV ♀ \faVenus
€ \faMarsDouble … \faNeuter  \faVenusDouble
‚ \faMarsStroke } \faTransgender  \faVenusMars

fontawesome defines \faIntersex as a synonym for \faTransgender

Table 325: marvosym Safety-related Symbols

h \Biohazard C \CEsign ` \Explosionsafe j \Radioactivity
n \BSEfree J \Estatically a \Laserbeam ! \Stopsign

124
 Table 326: feyn Feynman Diagram Symbols

¶ \bigbosonloop ‖ \hfermion ≪ \smallbosonloopV

∪ \bigbosonloopA ↕ \shfermion ⌈ \wfermion

⊃ \bigbosonloopV ♣ \smallbosonloop ⇕ \whfermion

∓ \gvcropped ∩ \smallbosonloopA

⊣ \feyn{a} ⌉ \feyn{fu} ♣ \feyn{glS} 𝒦 \feyn{hs}

⌋ \feyn{c} ⌊ \feyn{fv} ‡ \feyn{glu} ⟩ \feyn{hu}

{ \feyn{f} } \feyn{g} ⊓ \feyn{gu} ⇕ \feyn{m}

⌈ \feyn{fd} ⨿ \feyn{g1} ♢ \feyn{gv} ⊘ \feyn{ms}

↕ \feyn{fl} ⊑ \feyn{gd} ♢∫ \feyn{gvs} √ \feyn{p}

≀ \feyn{flS} † \feyn{gl} ⟨ \feyn{h} 𝒫 \feyn{P}

‖ \feyn{fs} ¶ \feyn{glB} | \feyn{hd} S \feyn{x}

⊥
All other arguments to the \feyn command produce a “ ” symbol.

The feyn package provides various commands for composing the preceding
symbols into complete Feynman diagrams. See the feyn documentation for
examples and additional information.

Table 327: svrsymbols Physics Ideograms

𝑤 \antimuon 𝑣 \experimentalsym 𝑑 \proton
𝑀 \antineutrino 𝑐 \fermion 𝑂 \quark
𝑦 \antineutron 𝑠 \graphene 𝑃 \quarkb
𝑛 \antiproton ℎ \hole 𝑄 \quarkc
𝐸 \antiquark 𝑓 \ion 𝑅 \quarkd
𝐹 \antiquarkb 𝐴 \method 𝑆 \quarks
𝐺 \antiquarkc 𝑥 \muon 𝑇 \quarkt
𝐻 \antiquarkd 𝑁 \neutrino 𝑈 \quarku
𝐼 \antiquarks 𝑔 \neutron 𝑙 \reference
𝐽 \antiquarkt 𝑒 \nucleus 𝑡 \solid
𝐾 \antiquarku 𝐵 \orbit 𝑜 \spin
𝑢 \assumption 𝑗 \phonon 𝑍 \spindown
𝐶 \atom 𝑏 \photon 𝑧 \surface
𝑎 \electron 𝑝 \plasmon 𝐿 \varphoton
𝑞 \errorsym 𝑘 \polaron 𝑟 \water
𝑖 \exciton 𝑚 \positron

125
5 Dingbats

Dingbats are symbols such as stars, arrows, and geometric shapes. They are commonly used as bullets
in itemized lists or, more generally, as a means to draw attention to the text that follows.
The pifont dingbat package warrants special mention. Among other capabilities, pifont provides a
LATEX interface to the Zapf Dingbats font (one of the standard 35 PostScript fonts). However, rather than
name each of the dingbats individually, pifont merely provides a single \ding command, which outputs
the character that lies at a given position in the font. The consequence is that the pifont symbols can’t
be listed by name in this document’s index, so be mindful of that fact when searching for a particular
symbol.

Table 328: bbding Arrows

y z x
{ w
\ArrowBoldDownRight \ArrowBoldRightShort \ArrowBoldUpRight
\ArrowBoldRightCircled \ArrowBoldRightStrobe

Table 329: pifont Arrows

Ô \ding{212} Ý \ding{221} æ \ding{230} ï \ding{239} ù \ding{249}
Õ \ding{213} Þ \ding{222} ç \ding{231} ñ \ding{241} ú \ding{250}
Ö \ding{214} ß \ding{223} è \ding{232} ò \ding{242} û \ding{251}
× \ding{215} à \ding{224} é \ding{233} ó \ding{243} ü \ding{252}
Ø \ding{216} á \ding{225} ê \ding{234} ô \ding{244} ý \ding{253}
Ù \ding{217} â \ding{226} ë \ding{235} õ \ding{245} þ \ding{254}
Ú \ding{218} ã \ding{227} ì \ding{236} ö \ding{246}
Û \ding{219} ä \ding{228} í \ding{237} ÷ \ding{247}
Ü \ding{220} å \ding{229} î \ding{238} ø \ding{248}

Table 330: adfsymbols Arrows

C \adfarrowe1 J \adfarrowne1 E \adfarrows1 F \adfarrowsw1
K \adfarrowe2 R \adfarrowne2 M \adfarrows2 N \adfarrowsw2
S \adfarrowe3 Z \adfarrowne3 U \adfarrows3 V \adfarrowsw3
c \adfarrowe4 j \adfarrowne4 e \adfarrows4 f \adfarrowsw4
k \adfarrowe5 r \adfarrowne5 m \adfarrows5 n \adfarrowsw5
s \adfarrowe6 z \adfarrowne6 u \adfarrows6 v \adfarrowsw6
I \adfarrown1 H \adfarrownw1 D \adfarrowse1 G \adfarroww1
Q \adfarrown2 P \adfarrownw2 L \adfarrowse2 O \adfarroww2
Y \adfarrown3 X \adfarrownw3 T \adfarrowse3 W \adfarroww3
i \adfarrown4 h \adfarrownw4 d \adfarrowse4 g \adfarroww4
q \adfarrown5 p \adfarrownw5 l \adfarrowse5 o \adfarroww5
y \adfarrown6 x \adfarrownw6 t \adfarrowse6 w \adfarroww6

B \adfhalfarrowleft A \adfhalfarrowright
b \adfhalfarrowleftsolid a \adfhalfarrowrightsolid

Technically, the digit at the end of each \adfarrow⟨dir ⟩⟨digit⟩ command is a

macro argument, not part of the command name.

The preceding symbols can also be produced by passing a number or

a style/direction pair to the \adfarrow command. For example, both
\adfarrow{19} and \adfarrow[comic]{east} produce “S”. See the adf-
symbols documentation for more information.

126
 Table 331: adforn Arrows
{ \adfhalfleftarrow ) \adfhalfrightarrowhead
( \adfhalfleftarrowhead [ \adfleftarrowhead
} \adfhalfrightarrow ] \adfrightarrowhead

Table 332: arev Arrows

➢ \arrowbullet

Table 333: fontawesome Arrows

○ \faArrowCircleDown Þ \faArrowDown œ \faLongArrowDown
○ \faArrowCircleLeft ß \faArrowLeft  \faLongArrowLeft
. \faArrowCircleODown à \faArrowRight ž \faLongArrowRight
○ \faArrowCircleOLeft ® \faArrows Ÿ \faLongArrowUp

\faArrowCircleORight i \faArrowsAlt Ô \faRepeat
3 \faArrowCircleOUp Ø \faArrowsH " \faUndo
○ \faArrowCircleRight Ú \faArrowsV
○ \faArrowCircleUp á \faArrowUp

fontawesome defines \faRotateLeft as a synonym for \faUndo and

\faRotateRight as a synonym for \faRepeat.

Table 334: fontawesome Chevrons

 \faChevronCircleDown
\faChevronCircleUp  \faChevronRight
 \faChevronCircleLeft  \faChevronDown  \faChevronUp
\faChevronCircleRight  \faChevronLeft

Table 335: marvosym Scissors

q \CutLeft R \CuttingLine S \RightScissors
s \CutRight Q \LeftScissors

Table 336: bbding Scissors

 


\ScissorHollowLeft \ScissorLeftBrokenTop


\ScissorHollowRight \ScissorRight

 
\ScissorLeft \ScissorRightBrokenBottom
\ScissorLeftBrokenBottom \ScissorRightBrokenTop

Table 337: pifont Scissors

! \ding{33} " \ding{34} # \ding{35} $ \ding{36}

127
 Table 338: dingbat Pencils

W \largepencil P \smallpencil

Table 339: arev Pencils

✎ \pencil

Table 340: fontawesome Pencils

¸ \faPencil 3 \faPencilSquare 2 \faPencilSquareO

Table 341: bbding Pencils and Nibs

  
  
\NibLeft \PencilLeft \PencilRightDown


\NibRight \PencilLeftDown \PencilRightUp

 
\NibSolidLeft \PencilLeftUp
\NibSolidRight \PencilRight

Table 342: pifont Pencils and Nibs

. \ding{46} / \ding{47} 0 \ding{48} 1 \ding{49} 2 \ding{50}

Table 343: dingbat Fists

R \leftpointright L \rightpointleft N \rightpointright

D \leftthumbsdown d \rightthumbsdown
U \leftthumbsup u \rightthumbsup

Table 344: bbding Fists

  
  
\HandCuffLeft \HandCuffRightUp \HandPencilLeft

 
\HandCuffLeftUp \HandLeft \HandRight
\HandCuffRight \HandLeftUp \HandRightUp

Table 345: pifont Fists

* \ding{42} + \ding{43} , \ding{44} - \ding{45}

128
 Table 346: fourier Fists
t \lefthand u \righthand

Table 347: arev Fists

☞ \pointright

Table 348: fontawesome Fists

­ \faHandLizardO « \faHandPaperO ® \faHandSpockO
w \faHandODown ° \faHandPeaceO  \faThumbsDown
x \faHandOLeft ¯ \faHandPointerO  \faThumbsODown
y \faHandORight ª \faHandRockO  \faThumbsOUp
z \faHandOUp ¬ \faHandScissorsO  \faThumbsUp

fontawesome defines \faHandGrabO as a synonym for \faHandRockO and

\faHandStopO as a synonym for \faHandPaperO.

Table 349: bbding Crosses and Plusses

* + &
- , )
\Cross \CrossOpenShadow \PlusOutline

4 '
\CrossBoldOutline \CrossOutline \PlusThinCenterOpen

. (
\CrossClowerTips \Plus
\CrossMaltese \PlusCenterOpen

Table 350: pifont Crosses and Plusses

9 \ding{57} ; \ding{59} = \ding{61} ? \ding{63}
: \ding{58} < \ding{60} > \ding{62} @ \ding{64}

Table 351: adfsymbols Crosses and Plusses

D \adfbullet{4} F \adfbullet{6} H \adfbullet{8} J \adfbullet{10}
E \adfbullet{5} G \adfbullet{7} I \adfbullet{9}

Table 352: arev Crosses

♱ \eastcross ♰ \westcross

Table 353: bbding Xs and Check Marks

! # %
" $
\Checkmark \XSolid \XSolidBrush
\CheckmarkBold \XSolidBold

129
 Table 354: pifont Xs and Check Marks
3 \ding{51} 5 \ding{53} 7 \ding{55}
4 \ding{52} 6 \ding{54} 8 \ding{56}

Table 355: wasysym Xs and Check Marks

2
 \CheckedBox  \Square 4 \XBox

Table 356: marvosym Xs and Check Marks

V \Checkedbox X \CrossedBox* O \HollowBox

*
marvosym defines \Crossedbox as a synonym for \CrossedBox.

Table 357: arev Xs and Check Marks

✓ \ballotcheck ✗ \ballotx

Table 358: fontawesome Xs and Check Marks

± \faCheck  \faCheckSquare Ñ \faTimesCircle
³ \faCheckCircle \faCheckSquareO ○ \faTimesCircleO
○ \faCheckCircleO Ï \faTimes*
*
fontawesome defines both \faClose and \faRemove as synonyms for \faTimes.

Table 359: pifont Circled Numerals

¬ \ding{172} ¶ \ding{182} À \ding{192} Ê \ding{202}
­ \ding{173} · \ding{183} Á \ding{193} Ë \ding{203}
® \ding{174} ¸ \ding{184} Â \ding{194} Ì \ding{204}
¯ \ding{175} ¹ \ding{185} Ã \ding{195} Í \ding{205}
° \ding{176} º \ding{186} Ä \ding{196} Î \ding{206}
± \ding{177} » \ding{187} Å \ding{197} Ï \ding{207}
² \ding{178} ¼ \ding{188} Æ \ding{198} Ð \ding{208}
³ \ding{179} ½ \ding{189} Ç \ding{199} Ñ \ding{209}
´ \ding{180} ¾ \ding{190} È \ding{200} Ò \ding{210}
µ \ding{181} ¿ \ding{191} É \ding{201} Ó \ding{211}

pifont (part of the psnfss package) provides a dingautolist environment which

resembles enumerate but uses circled numbers as bullets.4 See the psnfss
documentation for more information.

4 In fact, dingautolist can use any set of consecutive Zapf Dingbats symbols.

130
 Table 360: wasysym Stars
C \davidsstar A \hexstar B \varhexstar

Table 361: bbding Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes

N P 2
A 8 3
\Asterisk \FiveFlowerPetal \JackStar

B ; O
\AsteriskBold \FiveStar \JackStarBold

X ? U
\AsteriskCenterOpen \FiveStarCenterOpen \SixFlowerAlternate

C 7 M
\AsteriskRoundedEnds \FiveStarConvex \SixFlowerAltPetal

D 9 Q
\AsteriskThin \FiveStarLines \SixFlowerOpenCenter

0 : L
\AsteriskThinCenterOpen \FiveStarOpen \SixFlowerPetalDotted

/ < [
\DavidStar \FiveStarOpenCircled \SixFlowerPetalRemoved

Z = G
\DavidStarSolid \FiveStarOpenDotted \SixFlowerRemovedOpenPetal

S > K
\EightAsterisk \FiveStarOutline \SixStar

Y @ `
\EightFlowerPetal \FiveStarOutlineHeavy \SixteenStarLight

H 1 ^
\EightFlowerPetalRemoved \FiveStarShadow \Snowflake

I V _
\EightStar \FourAsterisk \SnowflakeChevron

F W ]
\EightStarBold \FourClowerOpen \SnowflakeChevronBold

E 5 \
\EightStarConvex \FourClowerSolid \Sparkle

R 6 J
\EightStarTaper \FourStar \SparkleBold
\FiveFlowerOpen \FourStarOpen \TwelweStar

Table 362: pifont Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes

A \ding{65} J \ding{74} S \ding{83} \ \ding{92} e \ding{101}
B \ding{66} K \ding{75} T \ding{84} ] \ding{93} f \ding{102}
C \ding{67} L \ding{76} U \ding{85} ^ \ding{94} g \ding{103}
D \ding{68} M \ding{77} V \ding{86} _ \ding{95} h \ding{104}
E \ding{69} N \ding{78} W \ding{87} ` \ding{96} i \ding{105}
F \ding{70} O \ding{79} X \ding{88} a \ding{97} j \ding{106}
G \ding{71} P \ding{80} Y \ding{89} b \ding{98} k \ding{107}
H \ding{72} Q \ding{81} Z \ding{90} c \ding{99}
I \ding{73} R \ding{82} [ \ding{91} d \ding{100}

Table 363: adfsymbols Stars, Flowers, and Similar Shapes

A \adfbullet{1} M \adfbullet{13} R \adfbullet{18} W \adfbullet{23}
B \adfbullet{2} N \adfbullet{14} S \adfbullet{19} X \adfbullet{24}
C \adfbullet{3} O \adfbullet{15} T \adfbullet{20} Y \adfbullet{25}
K \adfbullet{11} P \adfbullet{16} U \adfbullet{21} Z \adfbullet{26}
L \adfbullet{12} Q \adfbullet{17} V \adfbullet{22}

Table 364: adforn Stars

0 \adfast{1} 2 \adfast{3} 4 \adfast{5} 6 \adfast{7} 8 \adfast{9}
1 \adfast{2} 3 \adfast{4} 5 \adfast{6} 7 \adfast{8} 9 \adfast{10}

131
 Table 365: fontawesome Stars
ú \faStar ü \faStarHalf ý \faStarHalfO û \faStarO

fontawesome defines both \faStarHalfEmpty and \faStarHalfFull as syn-

onyms for \faStarHalfO.

Table 366: fourier Fleurons and Flowers

o \aldine X \decoone c \floweroneright
m \aldineleft ] \decosix g \leafleft
n \aldineright Y \decothreeleft f \leafNE
j \aldinesmall Z \decothreeright h \leafright
[ \decofourleft a \decotwo d \starredbullet
\ \decofourright b \floweroneleft

Table 367: adforn Fleurons and Flowers

r \adfdownhalfleafleft
x \adfdownleafleft
l \adfflatdownhalfleafleft
m \adfflatdownoutlineleafleft
u \adfflatleafleft
n \adfflatleafoutlineleft
v \adfflatleafsolidleft
q \adfflowerleft
< \adfhalfleafleft
s \adfhangingflatleafleft
T \adfhangingleafleft
w \adfleafleft
o \adfoutlineleafleft
z \adfsmallhangingleafleft
y \adfsmallleafleft
p \adfsolidleafleft
R \adfdownhalfleafright
X \adfdownleafright
L \adfflatdownhalfleafright
M \adfflatdownoutlineleafright
U \adfflatleafright
N \adfflatleafoutlineright
V \adfflatleafsolidright
Q \adfflowerright
> \adfhalfleafright
S \adfhangingflatleafright
t \adfhangingleafright
W \adfleafright
O \adfoutlineleafright
Z \adfsmallhangingleafright
Y \adfsmallleafright
P \adfsolidleafright

Table 368: wasysym Geometric Shapes

# \Circle #
G \LEFTcircle 8 \octagon #
H \RIGHTcircle
\CIRCLE G \LEFTCIRCLE D \pentagon H \RIGHTCIRCLE
7 \hexagon I \Leftcircle J \Rightcircle 9 \varhexagon

Table 369: MnSymbol Geometric Shapes

☀ \filledlargestar
⧫ \filledlozenge
⧫ \filledmedlozenge
◯ \largecircle
◇ \largediamond
◊ \largelozenge ◊ \medlozenge
… \largepentagram ✡ \medstarofdavid
◻ \largesquare ◊ \smalllozenge
☆ \largestar
✡ \largestarofdavid

MnSymbol defines \bigcirc as a synonym for \largecircle; \bigstar as a

synonym for \filledlargestar; \lozenge as a synonym for \medlozenge;
and, \blacklozenge as a synonym for \filledmedlozenge.

132
 Table 370: fdsymbol Geometric Shapes
⬤ \largeblackcircle _ \largetriangledown ◊ \medlozenge
⬛ \largeblacksquare ^ \largetriangleup ⬪ \smallblacklozenge
★ \largeblackstar ☆ \largewhitestar ⬫ \smalllozenge
◯ \largecircle ⟠ \lozengeminus ✡ \starofdavid
⬜ \largesquare ⧫ \medblacklozenge

fdsymbol defines synonyms for almost all of the preceding symbols:

◯ \bigcirc ⬛ \lgblksquare ◊ \mdlgwhtlozenge
★ \bigstar ◯ \lgwhtcircle ◊ \mdwhtlozenge
_ \bigtriangledown ⬜ \lgwhtsquare ⬪ \smblklozenge
^ \bigtriangleup ◊ \lozenge ⬫ \smwhtlozenge
⧫ \blacklozenge ⧫ \mdblklozenge
⬤ \lgblkcircle ⧫ \mdlgblklozenge

Table 371: boisik Geometric Shapes

ã \bigstar
ã \blacklozenge
ï \blacksquare
ë \blacktriangle
è \blacktriangledown
} \diamond í \triangledown
â \lozenge ÿ \triangleleft
ç \lozengedot þ \triangleright
ó \square ä \varlrttriangle
ø \star

Table 372: stix Geometric Shapes

↺ \acwopencirclearrow ⧨ \downtriangleleftblack ◃ \smalltriangleleft

↸ \barovernorthwestarrow
⏣ \benzenr
▼ \bigblacktriangledown
▲ \bigblacktriangleup
★ \bigstar
▽ \bigtriangledown
⨞ \bigtriangleleft
△ \bigtriangleup
☆ \bigwhitestar
⧭ \blackcircledownarrow
⚈ \blackcircledrightdot
⚉ \blackcircledtwodots
◕ \blackcircleulquadwhite
⧪ \blackdiamonddownarrow
◈ \blackinwhitediamond
▣ \blackinwhitesquare
◖ \blacklefthalfcircle
⧫ \blacklozenge
◄ \blackpointerleft
► \blackpointerright
◗ \blackrighthalfcircle
⧩ \downtrianglerightblack ▹ \smalltriangleright
⃝ \enclosecircle ⬩ \smblkdiamond
⃟ \enclosediamond ⬪ \smblklozenge
⃞ \enclosesquare ▪ \smblksquare
⃤ \enclosetriangle ⭒ \smwhitestar
⧳ \errbarblackcircle ◦ \smwhtcircle
⧱ \errbarblackdiamond ⋄ \smwhtdiamond
⧯ \errbarblacksquare ⬫ \smwhtlozenge
⧲ \errbarcircle ▫ \smwhtsquare
⧰ \errbardiamond ⌑ \sqlozenge
⧮ \errbarsquare ⬓ \squarebotblack
◉ \fisheye ▩ \squarecrossfill
⏥ \fltns ▤ \squarehfill
⎔ \hexagon ▦ \squarehvfill
⬣ \hexagonblack ◧ \squareleftblack
⌂ \house ⬕ \squarellblack
▭ \hrectangle ◱ \squarellquad
▬ \hrectangleblack ◪ \squarelrblack
◙ \inversewhitecircle ◲ \squarelrquad
◛ \invwhitelowerhalfcircle ▨ \squareneswfill
◚ \invwhiteupperhalfcircle ▧ \squarenwsefill

(continued on next page)

133
(continued from previous page)

▴ \blacktriangle ⬤ \lgblkcircle ◨ \squarerightblack

▾ \blacktriangledown
◀ \blacktriangleleft
▶ \blacktriangleright
⬬ \blkhorzoval
⬮ \blkvertoval
◡ \botsemicircle
⧉ \boxonbox
◎ \bullseye
◦ \circ
◒ \circlebottomhalfblack
⦿ \circledbullet
⧬ \circledownarrow
⚆ \circledrightdot
✪ \circledstar
⚇ \circledtwodots
⦾ \circledwhitebullet
◐ \circlelefthalfblack
◵ \circlellquad
◶ \circlelrquad
◑ \circlerighthalfblack
◓ \circletophalfblack
◴ \circleulquad
◷ \circleurquad
◔ \circleurquadblack
◍ \circlevertfill
⧃ \cirE
⧂ \cirscir
↻ \cwopencirclearrow
⬙ \diamondbotblack
⟐ \diamondcdot
⬖ \diamondleftblack
⬗ \diamondrightblack
⬘ \diamondtopblack
◌ \dottedcircle
⬚ \dottedsquare
⬛ \lgblksquare
◯ \lgwhtcircle
⬜ \lgwhtsquare
◣ \llblacktriangle
◺ \lltriangle
◢ \lrblacktriangle
◿ \lrtriangle
⚫ \mdblkcircle
⬥ \mdblkdiamond
⬧ \mdblklozenge
◼ \mdblksquare
● \mdlgblkcircle
◆ \mdlgblkdiamond
■ \mdlgblksquare
◇ \mdlgwhtdiamond
◊ \mdlgwhtlozenge
□ \mdlgwhtsquare
⦁ \mdsmblkcircle
◾ \mdsmblksquare
⚬ \mdsmwhtcircle
◽ \mdsmwhtsquare
⚪ \mdwhtcircle
⬦ \mdwhtdiamond
⬨ \mdwhtlozenge
◻ \mdwhtsquare
⭑ \medblackstar
⭐ \medwhitestar
▱ \parallelogram
▰ \parallelogramblack
⬠ \pentagon
⬟ \pentagonblack
⭔ \rightpentagon
⭓ \rightpentagonblack
◂ \smallblacktriangleleft
▸ \smallblacktriangleright
⬒ \squaretopblack
◩ \squareulblack
◰ \squareulquad
⬔ \squareurblack
◳ \squareurquad
▥ \squarevfill
▢ \squoval
◠ \topsemicircle
⏢ \trapezium
◬ \trianglecdot
▿ \triangledown
◭ \triangleleftblack
⧊ \triangleodot
◮ \trianglerightblack
⧌ \triangles
⧋ \triangleubar
◤ \ulblacktriangle
◸ \ultriangle
⦽ \uparrowoncircle
◥ \urblacktriangle
◹ \urtriangle
⬡ \varhexagon
⬢ \varhexagonblack
⌬ \varhexagonlrbonds
⊿ \varlrtriangle
✶ \varstar
▯ \vrectangle
▮ \vrectangleblack
⬝ \vysmblksquare
⬞ \vysmwhtsquare
⟁ \whiteinwhitetriangle
◅ \whitepointerleft
▻ \whitepointerright
⬭ \whthorzoval
⬯ \whtvertoval

stix defines \diamond as a synonym for \smwhtdiamond, \blacksquare

as a synonym for \mdlgblksquare, \square and \Box as synonyms
for \mdlgwhtsquare, \triangle and \varbigtriangleup as synonyms
for \bigtriangleup, \rhd as a synonym for \vartriangleright,
\varbigtriangledown as a synonym for \bigtriangledown, \lhd as a syn-
onym for \vartriangleleft, \Diamond and \lozenge as synonyms for
\mglgwhtlozenge, \bigcirc as a synonym for \mglgwhtcircle, \circ as
a synonym for \smwhtcircle. and \mdlgblklozenge as a synonym for
\blacklozenge.

134
 Table 373: ifsym Geometric Shapes

% \BigCircle T \FilledBigTriangleRight E \SmallCircle

\BigCross
& \BigDiamondshape
 \BigHBar
_ \BigLowerDiamond
/ \BigRightDiamond
\BigSquare
# \BigTriangleDown
" \BigTriangleLeft
$ \BigTriangleRight
! \BigTriangleUp
 \BigVBar
5 \Circle
 \Cross
 \DiamondShadowA
 \DiamondShadowB
 \DiamondShadowC
6 \Diamondshape
U \FilledBigCircle
V \FilledBigDiamondshape
P \FilledBigSquare
S \FilledBigTriangleDown
R \FilledBigTriangleLeft
Q \FilledBigTriangleUp  \SmallCross
e \FilledCircle F \SmallDiamondshape
 \FilledDiamondShadowA  \SmallHBar
\FilledDiamondShadowC  \SmallLowerDiamond
f \FilledDiamondshape O \SmallRightDiamond
u \FilledSmallCircle @ \SmallSquare
v \FilledSmallDiamondshape C \SmallTriangleDown
p \FilledSmallSquare B \SmallTriangleLeft
s \FilledSmallTriangleDown D \SmallTriangleRight
r \FilledSmallTriangleLeft A \SmallTriangleUp
t \FilledSmallTriangleRight  \SmallVBar
q \FilledSmallTriangleUp * \SpinDown
` \FilledSquare ) \SpinUp
 \FilledSquareShadowA 0 \Square
 \FilledSquareShadowC \SquareShadowA
c \FilledTriangleDown
\SquareShadowB
b \FilledTriangleLeft  \SquareShadowC
d \FilledTriangleRight 3 \TriangleDown
a \FilledTriangleUp 2 \TriangleLeft
 \HBar 4 \TriangleRight
o \LowerDiamond 1 \TriangleUp
? \RightDiamond  \VBar

The ifsym documentation points out that one can use \rlap to combine
some of the above into useful, new symbols. For example, \BigCircle and
u%
\FilledSmallCircle combine to give “ ”. Likewise, \Square and \Cross
0
combine to give “ ”. See Section 10.3 for more information about constructing
new symbols out of existing symbols.

Table 374: bbding Geometric Shapes

d u j
a v i
\CircleShadow \Rectangle \SquareShadowTopLeft

p t g
\CircleSolid \RectangleBold \SquareShadowTopRight

b f o
\DiamondSolid \RectangleThin \SquareSolid

e k n
\Ellipse \Square \TriangleDown

c m
\EllipseShadow \SquareCastShadowBottomRight \TriangleUp

s l
\EllipseSolid \SquareCastShadowTopLeft

r h
\HalfCircleLeft \SquareCastShadowTopRight
\HalfCircleRight \SquareShadowBottomRight

135
 Table 375: pifont Geometric Shapes
l \ding{108} o \ding{111} r \ding{114} u \ding{117} y \ding{121}
m \ding{109} p \ding{112} s \ding{115} w \ding{119} z \ding{122}
n \ding{110} q \ding{113} t \ding{116} x \ding{120}

Table 376: universa Geometric Shapes

Δ \baucircle Γ \bausquare Θ \bautriangle

Table 377: adfsymbols Geometric Shapes

a \adfbullet{27}
b \adfbullet{28}
c \adfbullet{29}
d \adfbullet{30}
e \adfbullet{31}
f \adfbullet{32} q \adfbullet{43} v \adfbullet{48}
g \adfbullet{33} r \adfbullet{44} w \adfbullet{49}
h \adfbullet{34} s \adfbullet{45} x \adfbullet{50}
o \adfbullet{41} t \adfbullet{46} y \adfbullet{51}
p \adfbullet{42} u \adfbullet{47} z \adfbullet{52}

Table 378: fontawesome Geometric Shapes

○ \faCircle ; \faCircleONotch ○ \faDotCircleO
\faSquareO
○␣ \faCircleO A \faCircleThin ␣ \faSquare

Table 379: LATEX 2𝜀 Playing-Card Suits

♣ \clubsuit ♢ \diamondsuit ♡ \heartsuit ♠ \spadesuit

Table 380: txfonts/pxfonts Playing-Card Suits

p \varclubsuit q \vardiamondsuit r \varheartsuit s \varspadesuit

Table 381: MnSymbol Playing-Card Suits

♣ \clubsuit ♢ \diamondsuit ♡ \heartsuit ♠ \spadesuit

Table 382: fdsymbol Playing-Card Suits

♣ \clubsuit ♡ \heartsuit ♦ \vardiamondsuit
♢ \diamondsuit ♠ \spadesuit ♥ \varheartsuit

Table 383: boisik Playing-Card Suits

ô \clubsuit õ \diamondsuit ö \heartsuit ÷ \spadesuit

136
 Table 384: stix Playing-Card Suits
♣ \clubsuit ♡ \heartsuit ♧ \varclubsuit ♥ \varheartsuit
♢ \diamondsuit ♠ \spadesuit ♦ \vardiamondsuit ♤ \varspadesuit

Table 385: arev Playing-Card Suits

♧ \varclub ♦ \vardiamond ♥ \varheart ♤ \varspade

Table 386: adforn Flourishes

C \adfclosedflourishleft
D \adfdoubleflourishleft
I \adfdoublesharpflourishleft
E \adfflourishleft
F \adfflourishleftdouble
B \adfopenflourishleft
H \adfsharpflourishleft
J \adfsickleflourishleft
G \adfsingleflourishleft
K \adftripleflourishleft
A \adfwavesleft
c \adfclosedflourishright
d \adfdoubleflourishright
i \adfdoublesharpflourishright
e \adfflourishright
f \adfflourishrightdouble
b \adfopenflourishright
h \adfsharpflourishright
j \adfsickleflourishright
g \adfsingleflourishright
k \adftripleflourishright
a \adfwavesright

Table 387: Miscellaneous dingbat Dingbats

O E S
C B
\anchor \eye \Sborder
C
D I Z
\carriagereturn \filledsquarewithdots \squarewithdots
\checkmark \satellitedish \Zborder

Table 388: Miscellaneous bbding Dingbats

  T
q  

\Envelope \Peace \PhoneHandset \SunshineOpenCircled

\OrnamentDiamondSolid \Phone \Plane \Tape

Table 389: Miscellaneous pifont Dingbats

% \ding{37} ( \ding{40} ¤ \ding{164} § \ding{167} « \ding{171}
& \ding{38} ) \ding{41} ¥ \ding{165} ¨ \ding{168} © \ding{169}
' \ding{39} v \ding{118} ¦ \ding{166} ª \ding{170}

Table 390: Miscellaneous adforn Dingbats

• \adfbullet = \adfdiamond ¶ \adfgee § \adfS | \adfsquare

137
6 Ancient languages
This section presents letters and ideograms from various ancient scripts. Some of these symbols may
also be useful in other typesetting contexts because of their pictorial nature.

Table 391: phaistos Symbols from the Phaistos Disk

J \PHarrow e \PHeagle B \PHplumedHead

h \PHbee o \PHflute d \PHram

X \PHbeehive H \PHgaunlet l \PHrosette

R \PHboomerang p \PHgrater P \PHsaw

K \PHbow G \PHhelmet L \PHshield

b \PHbullLeg a \PHhide Y \PHship

D \PHcaptive Z \PHhorn V \PHsling

S \PHcarpentryPlane Q \PHlid r \PHsmallAxe

c \PHcat m \PHlily q \PHstrainer

E \PHchild N \PHmanacles C \PHtattooedHead

M \PHclub O \PHmattock I \PHtiara

W \PHcolumn n \PHoxBack g \PHtunny

U \PHcomb k \PHpapyrus j \PHvine

T \PHdolium A \PHpedestrian s \PHwavyBand

f \PHdove i \PHplaneTree F \PHwoman

Table 392: protosem Proto-Semitic Characters

a \Aaleph E \AAhe k \Akaph s \Asamekh R \AAresh

A \AAaleph z \Azayin K \AAkaph p \Ape S \Ashin
b \Abeth w \Avav l \Alamed P \AApe v \Ahelmet
B \AAbeth H \Aheth L \AAlamed x \Asade V \AAhelmet
g \Agimel h \AAheth m \Amem X \AAsade t \Atav
d \Adaleth T \Ateth n \Anun q \Aqoph
D \AAdaleth y \Ayod o \Aayin Q \AAqoph
e \Ahe Y \AAyod O \AAayin r \Aresh

The protosem package defines abbreviated control sequences for each of the
above. In addition, single-letter shortcuts can be used within the argu-
ment to the \textproto command (e.g., “\textproto{Pakyn}” produces
“Pakyn”). See the protosem documentation for more information.

138
 Table 393: hieroglf Hieroglyphics

A \HA I \HI n \Hn T \HT

a \Ha i \Hi O \HO t \Ht
B \HB Π \Hibl o \Ho Φ \Htongue
b \Hb Θ \Hibp p \Hp U \HU
c \Hc Ξ \Hibs P \HP u \Hu
C \HC Λ \Hibw Ω \Hplural V \HV
D \HD J \HJ + \Hplus v \Hv
d \Hd j \Hj Q \HQ — \Hvbar
ff \Hdual k \Hk q \Hq w \Hw
e \He K \HK ? \Hquery W \HW
E \HE L \HL R \HR X \HX
f \Hf l \Hl r \Hr x \Hx
F \HF m \Hm s \Hs Y \HY
G \HG M \HM S \HS y \Hy
g \Hg ϒ \Hman Ψ \Hscribe z \Hz
h \Hh Δ \Hms / \Hslash Z \HZ
H \HH N \HN Σ \Hsv

— \Hone 3 \Hhundred 5 \HXthousand 7 \Hmillion

2 \Hten 4 \Hthousand 6 \HCthousand

The hieroglf package defines alternate control sequences and single-letter short-
cuts for each of the above which can be used within the argument to the
\textpmhg command (e.g., “\textpmhg{Pakin}” produces “Pakin”).
See the hieroglf documentation for more information.

Table 394: linearA Linear A Script

\LinearAI b \LinearAXCIX  \LinearACXCVII t \LinearACCXCV

\LinearAII c \LinearAC  \LinearACXCVIII u \LinearACCXCVI
 \LinearAIII d \LinearACI  \LinearACXCIX v \LinearACCXCVII
 \LinearAIV e \LinearACII  \LinearACC w \LinearACCXCVIII
 \LinearAV f \LinearACIII  \LinearACCI x \LinearACCXCIX
 \LinearAVI g \LinearACIV  \LinearACCII y \LinearACCC
 \LinearAVII h \LinearACV  \LinearACCIII z \LinearACCCI
 \LinearAVIII i \LinearACVI  \LinearACCIV { \LinearACCCII
 \LinearAIX j \LinearACVII  \LinearACCV | \LinearACCCIII
\LinearAX k \LinearACVIII  \LinearACCVI } \LinearACCCIV

\LinearAXI l \LinearACIX  \LinearACCVII ~ \LinearACCCV

 \LinearAXII m \LinearACX  \LinearACCVIII  \LinearACCCVI
 \LinearAXIII n \LinearACXI  \LinearACCIX € \LinearACCCVII

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139
(continued from previous page)
\LinearAXIV o \LinearACXII  \LinearACCX  \LinearACCCVIII
 \LinearAXV p \LinearACXIII \LinearACCXI ‚ \LinearACCCIX
 \LinearAXVI q \LinearACXIV ! \LinearACCXII ƒ \LinearACCCX
 \LinearAXVII r \LinearACXV " \LinearACCXIII „ \LinearACCCXI
 \LinearAXVIII s \LinearACXVI # \LinearACCXIV … \LinearACCCXII
 \LinearAXIX t \LinearACXVII $ \LinearACCXV † \LinearACCCXIII
 \LinearAXX u \LinearACXVIII % \LinearACCXVI ‡ \LinearACCCXIV
 \LinearAXXI v \LinearACXIX & \LinearACCXVII ˆ \LinearACCCXV
 \LinearAXXII w \LinearACXX ' \LinearACCXVIII ‰ \LinearACCCXVI
 \LinearAXXIII x \LinearACXXI ( \LinearACCXIX Š \LinearACCCXVII
 \LinearAXXIV y \LinearACXXII ) \LinearACCXX ‹ \LinearACCCXVIII
 \LinearAXXV z \LinearACXXIII * \LinearACCXXI Π\LinearACCCXIX
 \LinearAXXVI { \LinearACXXIV + \LinearACCXXII  \LinearACCCXX
 \LinearAXXVII | \LinearACXXV , \LinearACCXXIII Ž \LinearACCCXXI
 \LinearAXXVIII } \LinearACXXVI - \LinearACCXXIV  \LinearACCCXXII
 \LinearAXXIX ~ \LinearACXXVII . \LinearACCXXV  \LinearACCCXXIII
 \LinearAXXX  \LinearACXXVIII / \LinearACCXXVI ‘ \LinearACCCXXIV
 \LinearAXXXI € \LinearACXXIX 0 \LinearACCXXVII ’ \LinearACCCXXV
 \LinearAXXXII  \LinearACXXX 1 \LinearACCXXVIII “ \LinearACCCXXVI
\LinearAXXXIII ‚ \LinearACXXXI 2 \LinearACCXXIX ” \LinearACCCXXVII
! \LinearAXXXIV ƒ \LinearACXXXII 3 \LinearACCXXX • \LinearACCCXXVIII
" \LinearAXXXV „ \LinearACXXXIII 4 \LinearACCXXXI – \LinearACCCXXIX
# \LinearAXXXVI … \LinearACXXXIV 5 \LinearACCXXXII — \LinearACCCXXX
$ \LinearAXXXVII † \LinearACXXXV 6 \LinearACCXXXIII ˜ \LinearACCCXXXI
% \LinearAXXXVIII ‡ \LinearACXXXVI 7 \LinearACCXXXIV ™ \LinearACCCXXXII
& \LinearAXXXIX ˆ \LinearACXXXVII 8 \LinearACCXXXV š \LinearACCCXXXIII
' \LinearAXL ‰ \LinearACXXXVIII 9 \LinearACCXXXVI › \LinearACCCXXXIV
( \LinearAXLI Š \LinearACXXXIX : \LinearACCXXXVII œ \LinearACCCXXXV
) \LinearAXLII ‹ \LinearACXL ; \LinearACCXXXVIII  \LinearACCCXXXVI
* \LinearAXLIII Œ \LinearACXLI < \LinearACCXXXIX ž \LinearACCCXXXVII
+ \LinearAXLIV  \LinearACXLII = \LinearACCXL Ÿ \LinearACCCXXXVIII
, \LinearAXLV Ž \LinearACXLIII > \LinearACCXLI   \LinearACCCXXXIX
- \LinearAXLVI  \LinearACXLIV ? \LinearACCXLII ¡ \LinearACCCXL
. \LinearAXLVII  \LinearACXLV @ \LinearACCXLIII ¢ \LinearACCCXLI
/ \LinearAXLVIII ‘ \LinearACXLVI A \LinearACCXLIV £ \LinearACCCXLII
0 \LinearAXLIX ’ \LinearACXLVII B \LinearACCXLV ¤ \LinearACCCXLIII
1 \LinearAL “ \LinearACXLVIII C \LinearACCXLVI ¥ \LinearACCCXLIV
2 \LinearALI ” \LinearACXLIX D \LinearACCXLVII ¦ \LinearACCCXLV
3 \LinearALII • \LinearACL E \LinearACCXLVIII § \LinearACCCXLVI
4 \LinearALIII – \LinearACLI F \LinearACCXLIX ¨ \LinearACCCXLVII
5 \LinearALIV — \LinearACLII G \LinearACCL © \LinearACCCXLVIII
6 \LinearALV ˜ \LinearACLIII H \LinearACCLI ª \LinearACCCXLIX
7 \LinearALVI ™ \LinearACLIV I \LinearACCLII « \LinearACCCL
8 \LinearALVII š \LinearACLV J \LinearACCLIII ¬ \LinearACCCLI
9 \LinearALVIII › \LinearACLVI K \LinearACCLIV ­ \LinearACCCLII
: \LinearALIX œ \LinearACLVII L \LinearACCLV ® \LinearACCCLIII
; \LinearALX  \LinearACLVIII M \LinearACCLVI ¯ \LinearACCCLIV
< \LinearALXI ž \LinearACLIX N \LinearACCLVII ° \LinearACCCLV
= \LinearALXII Ÿ \LinearACLX O \LinearACCLVIII ± \LinearACCCLVI
> \LinearALXIII   \LinearACLXI P \LinearACCLIX ² \LinearACCCLVII
? \LinearALXIV ¡ \LinearACLXII Q \LinearACCLX ³ \LinearACCCLVIII
@ \LinearALXV ¢ \LinearACLXIII R \LinearACCLXI ´ \LinearACCCLIX
A \LinearALXVI £ \LinearACLXIV S \LinearACCLXII µ \LinearACCCLX

(continued on next page)

140
(continued from previous page)
B \LinearALXVII ¤ \LinearACLXV T \LinearACCLXIII ¶ \LinearACCCLXI
C \LinearALXVIII ¥ \LinearACLXVI U \LinearACCLXIV · \LinearACCCLXII
D \LinearALXIX ¦ \LinearACLXVII V \LinearACCLXV ¸ \LinearACCCLXIII
E \LinearALXX § \LinearACLXVIII W \LinearACCLXVI ¹ \LinearACCCLXIV
F \LinearALXXI ¨ \LinearACLXIX X \LinearACCLXVII º \LinearACCCLXV
G \LinearALXXII © \LinearACLXX Y \LinearACCLXVIII » \LinearACCCLXVI
H \LinearALXXIII ª \LinearACLXXI Z \LinearACCLXIX ¼ \LinearACCCLXVII
I \LinearALXXIV « \LinearACLXXII [ \LinearACCLXX ½ \LinearACCCLXVIII
J \LinearALXXV ¬ \LinearACLXXIII \ \LinearACCLXXI ¾ \LinearACCCLXIX
K \LinearALXXVI ­ \LinearACLXXIV ] \LinearACCLXXII ¿ \LinearACCCLXX
L \LinearALXXVII ® \LinearACLXXV ^ \LinearACCLXXIII À \LinearACCCLXXI
M \LinearALXXVIII ¯ \LinearACLXXVI _ \LinearACCLXXIV Á \LinearACCCLXXII
N \LinearALXXIX ° \LinearACLXXVII ` \LinearACCLXXV Â \LinearACCCLXXIII
O \LinearALXXX ± \LinearACLXXVIII a \LinearACCLXXVI Ã \LinearACCCLXXIV
P \LinearALXXXI \LinearACLXXIX b \LinearACCLXXVII Ä \LinearACCCLXXV
Q \LinearALXXXII
\LinearACLXXX c \LinearACCLXXVIII Å \LinearACCCLXXVI
R \LinearALXXXIII  \LinearACLXXXI d \LinearACCLXXIX Æ \LinearACCCLXXVII
S \LinearALXXXIV  \LinearACLXXXII e \LinearACCLXXX Ç \LinearACCCLXXVIII
T \LinearALXXXV  \LinearACLXXXIII f \LinearACCLXXXI È \LinearACCCLXXIX
U \LinearALXXXVI  \LinearACLXXXIV g \LinearACCLXXXII É \LinearACCCLXXX
V \LinearALXXXVII  \LinearACLXXXV h \LinearACCLXXXIII Ê \LinearACCCLXXXI
W \LinearALXXXVIII  \LinearACLXXXVI i \LinearACCLXXXIV Ë \LinearACCCLXXXII
X \LinearALXXXIX  \LinearACLXXXVII j \LinearACCLXXXV Ì \LinearACCCLXXXIII
Y \LinearALXXXX \LinearACLXXXVIII k \LinearACCLXXXVI Í \LinearACCCLXXXIV
Z \LinearAXCI
\LinearACLXXXIX l \LinearACCLXXXVII Î \LinearACCCLXXXV
[ \LinearAXCII  \LinearACLXXXX m \LinearACCLXXXVIII Ï \LinearACCCLXXXVI
\ \LinearAXCIII  \LinearACXCI n \LinearACCLXXXIX Ð \LinearACCCLXXXVII
] \LinearAXCIV \LinearACXCII o \LinearACCLXXXX Ñ \LinearACCCLXXXVIII
^ \LinearAXCV  \LinearACXCIII p \LinearACCXCI Ò \LinearACCCLXXXIX
_ \LinearAXCVI  \LinearACXCIV q \LinearACCXCII
` \LinearAXCVII  \LinearACXCV r \LinearACCXCIII
a \LinearAXCVIII  \LinearACXCVI s \LinearACCXCIV

141
 Table 395: linearb Linear B Basic and Optional Letters
a \Ba j \Bja B \Bmu ] \Bpte ‘ \Broii 4 \Bto
; \Baii J \Bje n \Bna I \Bpu V \Bru 5 \Btu
< \Baiii b \Bjo N \Bne \ \Bpuii s \Bsa ~ \Btwo
= \Bau L \Bju C \Bni q \Bqa S \Bse u \Bu
d \Bda k \Bka E \Bno Q \Bqe Y \Bsi w \Bwa
D \Bde K \Bke F \Bnu X \Bqi 1 \Bso W \Bwe
f \Bdi c \Bki @ \Bnwa 8 \Bqo 2 \Bsu 6 \Bwi
g \Bdo h \Bko o \Bo r \Bra { \Bswa 7 \Bwo
x \Bdu v \Bku p \Bpa ^ \Braii | \Bswi z \Bza
> \Bdwe m \Bma [ \Bpaiii _ \Braiii t \Bta Z \Bze
? \Bdwo M \Bme P \Bpe R \Bre } \Btaii 9 \Bzo
e \Be y \Bmi G \Bpi O \Bri T \Bte
i \Bi A \Bmo H \Bpo U \Bro 3 \Bti

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textlinb or

following the \linbfamily font-selection command within a scope. Single-
character shortcuts are also supported: Both “\textlinb{\Bpa\Bki\Bna}”
and “\textlinb{pcn}” produce “pcn”, for example. See the linearb docu-
mentation for more information.

Table 396: linearb Linear B Numerals

´ \BNi ˇ \BNvii ‚ \BNxl « \BNc ı \BNdcc
ˆ \BNii ˘ \BNviii ‹ \BNl » \BNcc ȷ \BNdccc
˜ \BNiii ¯ \BNix › \BNlx – \BNccc ff \BNcm
¨ \BNiv ˙ \BNx “ \BNlxx — \BNcd fi \BNm
˝ \BNv ¸ \BNxx ” \BNlxxx ‌ \BNd
˚ \BNvi ˛ \BNxxx „ \BNxc ‰ \BNdc

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textlinb or fol-
lowing the \linbfamily font-selection command within a scope.

Table 397: linearb Linear B Weights and Measures

Ď \BPtalent Ľ \BPvolb Ń \BPvolcf Ą \BPwtb Č \BPwtd
Ĺ \BPvola Ł \BPvolcd Ă \BPwta Ć \BPwtc

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textlinb or fol-
lowing the \linbfamily font-selection command within a scope.

142
 Table 398: linearb Linear B Ideograms
Ž \BPamphora ź \BPchassis ă \BPman Š \BPwheat
ij \BParrow Ř \BPcloth ț \BPnanny ž \BPwheel
Ş \BPbarley ŋ \BPcow Ț \BPolive Ť \BPwine
ť \BPbilly Ÿ \BPcup ń \BPox Ż \BPwineiih
ľ \BPboar š \BPewe ĺ \BPpig IJ \BPwineiiih
Ű \BPbronze ě \BPfoal ś \BPram İ \BPwineivh
ň \BPbull ş \BPgoat ř \BPsheep ą \BPwoman
đ \BPcauldroni Ź \BPgoblet ł \BPsow Ś \BPwool
§ \BPcauldronii Ů \BPgold ¡ \BPspear
ÿ \BPchariot ď \BPhorse ż \BPsword

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textlinb or fol-
lowing the \linbfamily font-selection command within a scope.

Table 399: linearb Unidentified Linear B Symbols

fl \BUi ␣ \BUiv # \BUvii & \BUx ­ \Btwe
ffi \BUii ! \BUv $ \BUviii ’ \BUxi
ffl \BUiii " \BUvi % \BUix ­ \BUxii

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textlinb or fol-
lowing the \linbfamily font-selection command within a scope.

Table 400: cypriot Cypriot Letters

a \Ca v \Cku B \Cmu H \Cpo 1 \Cso 6 \Cwi
e \Ce l \Cla n \Cna I \Cpu 2 \Csu 7 \Cwo
g \Cga L \Cle N \Cne r \Cra t \Cta x \Cxa
i \Ci d \Cli C \Cni R \Cre T \Cte X \Cxe
j \Cja f \Clo E \Cno O \Cri 3 \Cti j \Cya
b \Cjo q \Clu F \Cnu U \Cro 4 \Cto b \Cyo
k \Cka m \Cma o \Co V \Cru 5 \Ctu g \Cza
K \Cke M \Cme p \Cpa s \Csa u \Cu 9 \Czo
c \Cki y \Cmi P \Cpe S \Cse w \Cwa
h \Cko A \Cmo G \Cpi Y \Csi W \Cwe

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textcypr or

following the \cyprfamily font-selection command within a scope. Single-
character shortcuts are also supported: Both “\textcypr{\Cpa\Cki\Cna}”
and “\textcypr{pcn}” produce “pcn”, for example. See the cypriot docu-
mentation for more information.

143
 Table 401: sarabian South Arabian Letters
a \SAa z \SAz m \SAm x \SAsd D \SAdb
b \SAb H \SAhd n \SAn q \SAq J \SAtb
g \SAg T \SAtd s \SAs r \SAr G \SAga
d \SAd y \SAy f \SAf S \SAsv Z \SAzd
h \SAh k \SAk ‘ \SAlq t \SAt X \SAsa
w \SAw l \SAl o \SAo I \SAhu B \SAdd

These symbols must appear either within the argument to \textsarab or

following the \sarabfamily font-selection command within a scope. Single-
character shortcuts are also supported: Both “\textsarab{\SAb\SAk\SAn}”
and “\textsarab{bkn}” produce “bkn”, for example. See the sarabian docu-
mentation for more information.

Table 402: teubner Archaic Greek Letters and Greek Numerals

Ϙ \Coppa† Ϝ \Digamma* ϡ \sampi* ϛ \varstigma
ϙ \coppa† ϟ \koppa* Ϛ \Stigma
ϝ \digamma*,‡ Ϡ \Sampi ϛ \stigma*
*
Technically, these symbols do not require teubner; it is sufficient to load the
babel package with the greek option (upon which teubner depends)—but use
\qoppa for \koppa and \ddigamma for \digamma.
†
For compatibility with other naming conventions teubner defines \Koppa as a
synonym for \Coppa and \varcoppa as a synonym for \coppa.
‡
If both teubner and amssymb are loaded, teubner’s \digamma replaces amssymb’s
\digamma, regardless of package-loading order.

Table 403: boisik Archaic Greek Letters and Greek Numerals

\ \Digamma * \qoppa - \stigma , \varsampi
? \digamma ] \Qoppa  \Stigma
( \heta ^ \Sampi ) \vardigamma
[ \Heta + \sampi _ \Varsampi

Table 404: epiolmec Epi-Olmec Script

§ \EOafter Ě \EOMiddle ź \EOStarWarrior

Ş \EOandThen ő \EOmonster ű \EOstep

Ť \EOAppear ě \EOMountain M \EOSu
t \EOBeardMask \ \EOmuu S \EOsu
ą \EOBedeck b \EOna ž \EOsun

(continued on next page)

144
(continued from previous page)

u \EOBlood ‘ \EOne Q \EOsuu

ć \EObrace ^ \EOni K \EOSuu
Æ \EObuilding š \EOnow : \EOta
v \EOBundle c \EOnu 8 \EOte

w \EOChop a \EOnuu ż \EOthrone

Ř \EOChronI { \EOofficerI 7 \EOti

x \EOCloth | \EOofficerII IJ \EOtime

r \EODealWith } \EOofficerIII ij \EOTime

Ţ \EODeer ~ \EOofficerIV £ \EOTitle

Ű \EOeat 3 \EOpa Ŋ \EOTitleII

đ \EOflint n \EOpak ş \EOTitleIV

č \EOflower Ś \EOPatron < \EOto

Ä \EOFold Ů \EOPatronII ; \EOtu
ď \EOGod 1 \EOpe Ő \EOtuki

 \EOGoUp ť \EOpenis İ \EOtukpa

ę \EOgovernor 0 \EOpi À \EOturtle

z \EOGuise Ÿ \EOPierce 9 \EOtuu
¡ \EOHallow Ę \EOPlant @ \EOtza
V \EOja Ğ \EOPlay > \EOtze

ĺ \EOjaguar 6 \EOpo Ŕ \EOtzetze

U \EOje ţ \EOpriest = \EOtzi

T \EOji Ĺ \EOPrince B \EOtzu

- \EOJI 5 \EOpu ? \EOtzuu

Y \EOjo 2 \EOpuu  \EOundef

X \EOju o \EOpuuk ă \EOvarBeardMask

m \EOkak Ä \EORain W \EOvarja
D \EOke L \EOSa . \EOvarji

C \EOki R \EOsa / \EOvarki

Ź \EOkij Å \EOsacrifice F \EOvarkuu

Ă \EOKing y \EOSaw _ \EOvarni

ł \EOknottedCloth q \EOScorpius 4 \EOvarpa

(continued on next page)

145
(continued from previous page)

ń \EOknottedClothStraps  \EOset J \EOvarSi

H \EOko O \EOsi P \EOvarsi
G \EOku I \EOSi A \EOvartza
E \EOkuu ů \EOsing g \EOvarwuu

à \EOLetBlood ľ \EOSini à \EOvarYear

Ą \EOloinCloth ÿ \EOskin h \EOwa
Ć \EOlongLipII Ľ \EOSky e \EOwe

ň \EOLord ś \EOskyAnimal d \EOwi

Č \EOLose Ł \EOskyPillar i \EOwo

] \EOma Ż \EOsnake f \EOwuu

ŋ \EOmacaw N \EOSo l \EOya
ŕ \EOmacawI , \EOSpan p \EOyaj

[ \EOme Ń \EOSprinkle j \EOye

Ď \EOmexNew Ž \EOstar s \EOYear
Z \EOmi Ň \EOstarWarrior k \EOyuu

Table 405: epiolmec Epi-Olmec Numerals

 \EOzero ˝ \EOvi ¸ \EOxii ” \EOxviii

\EOi ˚ \EOvii ˛ \EOxiii „ \EOxix

\EOii ˇ \EOviii ‚ \EOxiv « \EOxx
 \EOiii ˘ \EOix ‹ \EOxv
 \EOiv ¯ \EOx › \EOxvi
¨ \EOv ˙ \EOxi “ \EOxvii

146
 7 Musical symbols

The following symbols are used to typeset musical notation. The package provides a large
subset of the symbols in this section. Note, however, that depends upon the fontspec package,
OpenType (.otf) fonts, and some PDF graphics and therefore works only with LuaLATEX or XELATEX.

Table 406: LATEX 2𝜀 Musical Symbols

♭ \flat ♮ \natural ♯ \sharp

Table 407: textcomp Musical Symbols

♪ \textmusicalnote

Table 408: wasysym Musical Symbols

 \eighthnote \halfnote  \twonotes  \fullnote ♩ \quarternote

Table 409: MnSymbol Musical Symbols

♭ \flat ♮ \natural ♯ \sharp

Table 410: fdsymbol Musical Symbols

♭ \flat ♮ \natural ♯ \sharp

Table 411: boisik Musical Symbols

ù \flat ú \natural û \sharp

Table 412: stix Musical Symbols

♪ \eighthnote ♮ \natural ♯ \sharp
♭ \flat ♩ \quarternote ♫ \twonotes

Table 413: arev Musical Symbols

♩ \quarternote ♪ \eighthnote ♬ \sixteenthnote

147

lilyglyphs
 Table 414: MusiXTEX Musical Symbols

R \allabreve
ffl \lsf W \shake

K \altoclef
– \lsfz X \Shake

C \backturn $ \maxima j \Shakel

I \bassclef 9 \meterplus m \Shakene

\caesura Y \mordent k \Shakenw

O
U \coda w \Mordent l \Shakesw

i \Coda ; \PAUSe L \smallaltoclef

! \Dep : \PAuse J \smallbassclef

y \doublethumb = \pause H \smalltrebleclef

— \downbow # \Ped " \sPed

? \ds > \qp G \trebleclef

NQ \duevolte B \qqs E \trill

\fermatadown @ \qs D \turn

P \fermataup { \reverseallabreve  \upbow

x \flageolett T \reverseC ffi \usf

< \hpause h \sDep » \usfz

A \hs n \Segno 8 \wq

’ \longa V \segno ­ \wqq

All of these symbols are intended to be used in the context of typesetting

musical scores. See the MusiXTEX documentation for more information.

148
 Table 415: MusiXTEX Alternative Clefs

M \drumclef z \gregorianFclef

b \gregorianCclef g \oldGclef

In addition to MusiXTEX, \drumclef requires the musixper package;

\oldGclef requires the musixlit package; and both \gregorianCclef and
\gregorianFclef require the musixgre package. Together with MusiXTEX,
these packages provide a complete system for typesetting percussion notation
(musixper), liturgical music (musixlit), and Gregorian chants (musixgre, includ-
ing the staffs and all of the necessary neumes. See the MusiXTEX documenta-
tion for more information.

Table 416: harmony Musical Symbols

== ==
ˇ “ˇ “ \AAcht /D
D \DDohne ˘“ \Halb ˇ“ \SechBR > \VM
==
=ˇ=( “
“ \Acht /D \Dohne < \HaPa ˇ “= \SechBr ˇ “* \Zwdr
ˇ == \AchtBL ss \Ds ‰ \Pu @ \SePa A \ZwPa
ˇ“ \AchtBR SS \DS “
=ˇ=) “ \Sech < \UB
? \AcPa ¯ \Ganz ˇ== \SechBL ˇ“ \Vier
 \DD < \GaPa ˇ=“ \SechBl > \ViPa

The MusiXTEX package must be installed to use harmony.

Table 417: harmony Musical Accents

.
aa .
Aa \Ferli{A}\Ferli{a}* /A/a \Ohne{A}\Ohne{a}*
.a
a .
Aa \Fermi{A}\Fermi{a} a \Umd{A}\Umd{a}*
A ̃︂
̃︂
l
A al \Kr{A}\Kr{a}

*
These symbols take an optional argument which shifts the accent either hori-
zontally or vertically (depending on the command) by the given distance.

In addition to the accents shown above, \HH is a special accent command

that accepts five period-separated characters and typesets them such that
b
c
“\HH.X.a.b.c.d.” produces “Xa d”. All arguments except the first can be omit-
ted: “\HH.X.....” produces “X”. \Takt takes two arguments and composes
them into a musical time signature. For example, “\Takt{12}{8}” produces
“ 12 S
8 ”. As two special cases, “\Takt{c}{0}” produces “ ” and “\Takt{c}{1}”
R
produces “ ”.

The MusiXTEX package must be installed to use harmony.

149
 Table 418: Single Notes
’ u
’ \eighthNote \quarterNoteDottedDown

C
’ \eighthNoteDotted © \quarterNoteDown

\eighthNoteDottedDouble © \sixteenthNote


©
 \eighthNoteDottedDoubleDown \sixteenthNoteDotted



 \eighthNoteDottedDown \sixteenthNoteDottedDouble


 \eighthNoteDown \sixteenthNoteDottedDoubleDown
,

\halfNote  \sixteenthNoteDottedDown
u \halfNoteDotted  \sixteenthNoteDown
uu \halfNoteDottedDouble Z
\thirtysecondNote
uu
\halfNoteDottedDoubleDown Z
\thirtysecondNoteDotted
u
\halfNoteDottedDown Z \thirtysecondNoteDottedDouble
, Z
Z

\halfNoteDown \thirtysecondNoteDottedDoubleDown

Z

C \quarterNote \thirtysecondNoteDottedDown
u \quarterNoteDotted \thirtysecondNoteDown
uu \quarterNoteDottedDouble \wholeNote
uu
\quarterNoteDottedDoubleDown \wholeNoteDotted

defines synonyms for all of the preceding symbols:

C u
\crotchet \minimDottedDown
u ,
\crotchetDotted ’ \minimDown
uu \crotchetDottedDouble ’ \quaver
uu
’
\crotchetDottedDoubleDown \quaverDotted
u

\crotchetDottedDown \quaverDottedDouble
C

\crotchetDown  \quaverDottedDoubleDown


Z
\demisemiquaver  \quaverDottedDown
Z
\demisemiquaverDotted  \quaverDown
Z \demisemiquaverDottedDouble \semibreve
Z
Z

\demisemiquaverDottedDoubleDown © \semibreveDotted

Z

\demisemiquaverDottedDown © \semiquaver
\demisemiquaverDown
© \semiquaverDotted
, \minim
\semiquaverDottedDouble
u

\minimDotted \semiquaverDottedDoubleDown
uu

\minimDottedDouble  \semiquaverDottedDown
uu
\minimDottedDoubleDown  \semiquaverDown

Table 419: Beamed Notes

CC \twoBeamedQuavers Z ZZ \threeBeamedQuaversII
ZZZ \threeBeamedQuavers ZZ Z \threeBeamedQuaversIII
ZZ Z \threeBeamedQuaversI

150

lilyglyphs
 Table 420: Clefs

\clefC \clefF \clefG

Each of these symbols provides a smaller, “inline” form (\clefCInline,

\clefFInline, and \clefGInline, respectively) intended for use within a
paragraph. See the documentation for more information.

Table 421: Time Signatures

\lilyTimeC \lilyTimeCHalf

also provides a \lilyTimeSignature command that lets a user type-

set single and compound time signatures by specifying a numerator and a
denominator. See the documentation for more information.

Table 422: Accidentals

\doublesharp \sharpArrowdown
\flat \sharpArrowup
\flatflat \sharpSlashslashslashStem
\natural \sharpSlashslashslashStemstem
\sharp \sharpSlashslashStem

\sharpArrowboth \sharpSlashslashStemstemstem

Table 423: Rests

\crotchetRest \quaverRestDotted
\crotchetRestDotted \semiquaverRest
\halfNoteRest \semiquaverRestDotted
\halfNoteRestDotted \wholeNoteRest
\quaverRest \wholeNoteRestDotted

Multiply dotted rests can be produced with the \lilyPrintMoreDots com-

mand. See the documentation for more information.

151

lilyglyphs
 Table 424: Dynamics Letters
\lilyDynamics{f} \lilyDynamics{r}
\lilyDynamics{p} \lilyDynamics{s}
\lilyDynamics{m} \lilyDynamics{z}

\lilyRF \lilyRFZ

These letters and the digits 0–9 are the only alphanumerics defined by
’s underlying Emmentaler fonts.

Table 425: Dynamics Symbols

\crescHairpin \decrescHairpin

Table 426: Articulations

\lilyAccent \marcato \staccatissimo
\lilyEspressivo \marcatoDown \tenuto
\lilyStaccato \portato
\lilyThumb \portatoDown

Table 427: Scripts

\fermata

Table 428: Accordion Notation

\accordionBayanBass \accordionOldEE \accordionStdBass

\accordionDiscant \accordionPull
\accordionFreeBass \accordionPush

152

lilyglyphs
 Table 429:
\lilyGlyph{timesig.C22}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.C44}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural22}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural24}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural32}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural34}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural44}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural48}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural64}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural68}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural68alt}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural94}
defines shorter names for a few of these symbols. See Table 421.
Table 430:
\lilyGlyph{scripts.arpeggio}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.arpeggio.arrow.1}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.arpeggio.arrow.M1}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.augmentum}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.barline.kievan}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.caesura.curved}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.caesura.straight}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.circulus}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.coda}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.daccentus}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dfermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dlongfermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dmarcato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.downbow}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.downmordent}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.downprall}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dpedalheel}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dpedaltoe}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dportato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dsemicirculus}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dshortfermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dsignumcongruentiae}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dstaccatissimo}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.dverylongfermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.espr}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.flageolet}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.halfopen}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.halfopenvertical}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.ictus}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.lcomma}
153
lilyglyphs
Named Time Signatures
\lilyGlyph{timesig.mensural98}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural22}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural24}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural32}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural34}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural44}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural48}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural64}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural68}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural68alt}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural94}
\lilyGlyph{timesig.neomensural98}
Named Scripts
\lilyGlyph{scripts.prallmordent}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.prallprall}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.prallup}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.rcomma}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.reverseturn}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.rvarcomma}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.segno}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.sforzato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.snappizzicato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.staccato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.stopped}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.tenuto}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.thumb}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.tickmark}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.trilelement}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.trill}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.trill_element}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.turn}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.uaccentus}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.ufermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.ulongfermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.umarcato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.upbow}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.upedalheel}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.upedaltoe}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.upmordent}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.uportato}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.upprall}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.usemicirculus}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.ushortfermata}
(continued on next page)
 (continued from previous page)
\lilyGlyph{scripts.lineprall}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.lvarcomma}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.mordent}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.open}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.prall}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.pralldown}
defines \fermata as a shorter
\lilyGlyph{scripts.ufermata}. See Table 427.
Table 431:
\lilyGlyph{rests.0}
\lilyGlyph{rests.0mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.0neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.0o}
\lilyGlyph{rests.1}
\lilyGlyph{rests.1mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.1neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.1o}
\lilyGlyph{rests.2}
\lilyGlyph{rests.2classical}
\lilyGlyph{rests.2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.3}
\lilyGlyph{rests.3mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.3neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.4}
defines shorter names for a few of these symbols. See Table 423.
Table 432:
\lilyGlyph{pedal.*}
\lilyGlyph{pedal..}
\lilyGlyph{pedal.d}
\lilyGlyph{pedal.e}
154
lilyglyphs
\lilyGlyph{scripts.usignumcongruentiae}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.ustaccatissimo}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.uverylongfermata}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.varcoda}
\lilyGlyph{scripts.varsegno}
name for “ ” than
Named Rests
\lilyGlyph{rests.4mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.4neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.5}
\lilyGlyph{rests.6}
\lilyGlyph{rests.7}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M1}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M1mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M1neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M1o}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M2}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M3}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M3mensural}
\lilyGlyph{rests.M3neomensural}
Named Pedals
\lilyGlyph{pedal.M}
\lilyGlyph{pedal.P}
\lilyGlyph{pedal.Ped}
 Table 433:
\lilyGlyph{flags.d3}
\lilyGlyph{flags.d4}
\lilyGlyph{flags.d5}
\lilyGlyph{flags.d6}
\lilyGlyph{flags.d7}
\lilyGlyph{flags.dgrace}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald03}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald04}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald05}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald06}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald13}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald14}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald15}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald16}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald23}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald24}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald25}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensurald26}
Table 434:
\lilyGlyph{custodes.hufnagel.d0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.hufnagel.d1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.hufnagel.d2}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.hufnagel.u0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.hufnagel.u1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.hufnagel.u2}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.medicaea.d0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.medicaea.d1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.medicaea.d2}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.medicaea.u0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.medicaea.u1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.medicaea.u2}
155
lilyglyphs
Named Flags
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu03}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu04}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu05}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu06}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu13}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu14}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu15}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu16}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu23}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu24}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu25}
\lilyGlyph{flags.mensuralu26}
\lilyGlyph{flags.u3}
\lilyGlyph{flags.u4}
\lilyGlyph{flags.u5}
\lilyGlyph{flags.u6}
\lilyGlyph{flags.u7}
\lilyGlyph{flags.ugrace}
Named Custodes
\lilyGlyph{custodes.mensural.d0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.mensural.d1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.mensural.d2}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.mensural.u0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.mensural.u1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.mensural.u2}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.vaticana.d0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.vaticana.d1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.vaticana.d2}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.vaticana.u0}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.vaticana.u1}
\lilyGlyph{custodes.vaticana.u2}
 Table 435:
\lilyGlyph{clefs.blackmensural.c}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.blackmensural.c_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.C}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.C_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.F}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.F_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.G}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.G_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.hufnagel.do}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.hufnagel.do.fa}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.hufnagel.do.fa_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.hufnagel.do_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.hufnagel.fa}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.hufnagel.fa_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.kievan.do}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.kievan.do_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.medicaea.do}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.medicaea.do_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.medicaea.fa}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.medicaea.fa_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.mensural.c}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.mensural.c_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.mensural.f}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.mensural.f_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.mensural.g}
defines shorter names for a few of these symbols. See Table 420.
156
lilyglyphs
Named Clefs
\lilyGlyph{clefs.mensural.g_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.neomensural.c}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.neomensural.c_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.percussion}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.percussion_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c1}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c1_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c2}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c2_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c3}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c3_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c4}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c4_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c5}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.c5_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.f}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.f_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.g}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.petrucci.g_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.tab}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.tab_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.vaticana.do}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.vaticana.do_change}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.vaticana.fa}
\lilyGlyph{clefs.vaticana.fa_change}
 Table 436: Named Noteheads

\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0doFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0fa}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0faFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0faThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0miFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0reFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d0tiFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1do}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1doFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1doThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1doWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1fa}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1faFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1faThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1faWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1miFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1re}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1reFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1reThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1reWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1ti}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1tiFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1tiThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1tiWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d1triangle}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2do}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2doFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2doThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2doWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2fa}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2faFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2faThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2faWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2re}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2reFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2reThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2reWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2ti}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2tiFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2tiThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2tiWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d2triangle}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.d3kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM2}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM2blackmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM2semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM3blackmensural}

(continued on next page)

157

lilyglyphs
(continued from previous page)

\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM3mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM3neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.dM3semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.drM2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.drM2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.drM2semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.drM3mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.drM3neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.drM3semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0blackmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0blackpetrucci}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0cross}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0diamond}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0do}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0doThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0doWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0faWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0harmonic}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0la}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0laFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0laThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0laWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0mi}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0miMirror}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0miThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0miWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0petrucci}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0re}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0reThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0reWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0slash}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0sol}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0solFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0ti}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0tiThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0tiWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s0triangle}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1blackpetrucci}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1cross}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1diamond}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1la}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1laFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1laThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1laWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1mi}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1miMirror}

(continued on next page)

158
(continued from previous page)
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1miThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1miWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1petrucci}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1slash}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1sol}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s1solFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2blackpetrucci}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2cross}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2diamond}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2harmonic}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2la}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2laFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2laThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2laWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2mi}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2miFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2miMirror}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2miThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2miWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2petrucci}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2slash}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2sol}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2solFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.s2xcircle}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.shufnagel.lpes}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.shufnagel.punctum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.shufnagel.virga}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1blackmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1double}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM1semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM2blackligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM2kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM2ligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM2semiligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM3blackligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM3ligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sM3semiligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.smedicaea.inclinatum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.smedicaea.punctum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.smedicaea.rvirga}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.smedicaea.virga}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.sr1kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM1mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM1neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM1semimensural}

(continued on next page)

159
(continued from previous page)

\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM2ligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM2semiligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM3ligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.srM3semiligmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.auct.asc}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.auct.desc}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.incl.auctum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.incl.parvum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.oriscus}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.stropha}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.ssolesmes.stropha.aucta}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.cephalicus}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.epiphonus}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.inclinatum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.inner.cephalicus}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.linea.punctum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.linea.punctum.cavum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.lpes}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.plica}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.punctum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.punctum.cavum}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.quilisma}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.reverse.plica}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.reverse.vplica}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.upes}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.vepiphonus}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.vlpes}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.vplica}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.svaticana.vupes}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0doFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0fa}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0faFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0faThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0miFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0reFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u0tiFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1do}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1doFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1doThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1doWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1fa}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1faFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1faThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1faWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1miFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1re}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1reFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1reThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1reWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1ti}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1tiFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1tiThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1tiWalker}

(continued on next page)

160
 (continued from previous page)
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u1triangle}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2do}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2doFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2doThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2doWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2fa}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2faFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2faThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2faWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2re}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2reFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2reThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2reWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2ti}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2tiFunk}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2tiThin}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2tiWalker}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u2triangle}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.u3kievan}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM2}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM2blackmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM2semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM3blackmensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM3mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM3neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.uM3semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.urM2mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.urM2neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.urM2semimensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.urM3mensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.urM3neomensural}
\lilyGlyph{noteheads.urM3semimensural}

Table 437: Named Accordion Symbols

\lilyGlyph{accordion.bayanbass} \lilyGlyph{accordion.oldEE}
\lilyGlyph{accordion.discant} \lilyGlyph{accordion.pull}
\lilyGlyph{accordion.dot} \lilyGlyph{accordion.push}
\lilyGlyph{accordion.freebass} \lilyGlyph{accordion.stdbass}

defines shorter names for all of these symbols except

\lilyGlyph{accordion.dot}. See Table 428.

161

lilyglyphs
 Table 438: Named Accidentals

\lilyGlyph{accidentals.doublesharp}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flat}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flat.arrowboth}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flat.arrowdown}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flat.arrowup}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flat.slash}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flat.slashslash}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flatflat}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.flatflat.slash}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.hufnagelM1}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.kievan1}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.kievanM1}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.leftparen}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.medicaeaM1}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.mensural1}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.mensuralM1}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.mirroredflat}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.mirroredflat.backslash}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.mirroredflat.flat}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.natural}

\lilyGlyph{accidentals.natural.arrowboth}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.natural.arrowdown}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.natural.arrowup}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.rightparen}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp}

\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.arrowboth}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.arrowdown}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.arrowup}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.slashslash.stem}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.slashslash.stemstemstem}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.slashslashslash.stem}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.sharp.slashslashslash.stemstem}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.vaticana0}
\lilyGlyph{accidentals.vaticanaM1}

defines shorter names for a few of these symbols. See Table 422.

Table 439: Named Arrowheads

\lilyGlyph{arrowheads.close.01} \lilyGlyph{arrowheads.open.01}
\lilyGlyph{arrowheads.close.0M1} \lilyGlyph{arrowheads.open.0M1}
\lilyGlyph{arrowheads.close.11} \lilyGlyph{arrowheads.open.11}
\lilyGlyph{arrowheads.close.1M1} \lilyGlyph{arrowheads.open.1M1}

162

lilyglyphs
 Table 440: Named Alphanumerics and Punctuation
\lilyGlyph{zero} \lilyGlyph{four} \lilyGlyph{eight}
\lilyGlyph{one} \lilyGlyph{five} \lilyGlyph{nine}
\lilyGlyph{two} \lilyGlyph{six}
\lilyGlyph{three} \lilyGlyph{seven}

\lilyGlyph{f} \lilyGlyph{p} \lilyGlyph{s}

\lilyGlyph{m} \lilyGlyph{r} \lilyGlyph{z}

\lilyGlyph{comma} \lilyGlyph{period}
\lilyGlyph{hyphen} \lilyGlyph{plus}

See Table 424 for an alternative way to typeset dynamics letters.

additionally provides a \lilyText command that can be useful for typesetting
groups of the preceding symbols. See the documentation for more
information.

Table 441: Miscellaneous Named Musical Symbols

\lilyGlyph{brackettips.down} \lilyGlyph{dots.dotvaticana}
\lilyGlyph{brackettips.up} \lilyGlyph{ties.lyric.default}
\lilyGlyph{dots.dot} \lilyGlyph{ties.lyric.short}
\lilyGlyph{dots.dotkievan}

163

lilyglyphs
8 Other symbols

The following are all the symbols that didn’t fit neatly or unambiguously into any of the previous
sections. (Do weather symbols belong under “Science and technology”? Should dice be considered
“mathematics”?) While some of the tables contain clearly related groups of symbols (e.g., symbols
related to various board games), others represent motley assortments of whatever the font designer felt
like drawing.

Table 442: textcomp Genealogical Symbols

b \textborn c \textdivorced m \textmarried
d \textdied l \textleaf

Table 443: wasysym General Symbols

m \ataribox  \clock  \LEFTarrow  \RIGHTarrow

\bell  \diameter " \leftturn ! \rightturn
- \blacksmiley L \DOWNarrow  \lightning , \smiley
1 \Bowtie / \frownie  \phone ☼ \sun
| \brokenvert  \invdiameter \pointer K \UParrow
 \checked 6 \kreuz  \recorder ◊ \wasylozenge

Table 444: manfnt Dangerous Bend Symbols

 \dbend ~ \lhdbend \reversedvideodbend

Note that these symbols descend far beneath the baseline. manfnt also de-
fines non-descending versions, which it calls, correspondingly, \textdbend,
\textlhdbend, and \textreversedvideodbend.

Table 445: Miscellaneous manfnt Symbols

 \manboldkidney  \manpenkidney
$ \manconcentriccircles & \manquadrifolium
% \manconcentricdiamond \manquartercircle
# \mancone ' \manrotatedquadrifolium
 \mancube " \manrotatedquartercircle
y \manerrarrow  \manstar
! \manfilledquartercircle  \mantiltpennib
 \manhpennib 7 \mantriangledown
 \manimpossiblecube x \mantriangleright
 \mankidney 6 \mantriangleup
 \manlhpenkidney  \manvpennib

Table 446: marvosym Media Control Symbols

· \Forward » \MoveDown ´ \RewindToIndex ¼ \ToTop
¸ \ForwardToEnd º \MoveUp µ \RewindToStart
¹ \ForwardToIndex ¶ \Rewind ½ \ToBottom

164
 Table 447: marvosym Laundry Symbols
Ø \AtForty Ü \Handwash Ô \ShortNinetyFive
Ó \AtNinetyFive ¯ \IroningI Ö \ShortSixty
Õ \AtSixty ° \IroningII Û \ShortThirty
Ë \Bleech ± \IroningIII Ú \SpecialForty
« \CleaningA Ì \NoBleech  \Tumbler
¾ \CleaningF ¨ \NoChemicalCleaning ‰ \WashCotton
¿ \CleaningFF ² \NoIroning Š \WashSynthetics
¬ \CleaningP  \NoTumbler ‹ \WashWool
î \CleaningPP × \ShortFifty
Ý \Dontwash Ù \ShortForty

Table 448: marvosym Information Symbols

® \Bicycle x \Gentsroom Z \PointingHand
U \ClockLogo I \Industry w \Wheelchair
K \Coffeecup i \Info b \WritingHand
o \Football y \Ladiesroom

Table 449: Other marvosym Symbols

ˆ \Ankh ¥ \Bouquet Œ \Heart f \PeaceDove
ý \Bat ‡ \Celtcross ÿ \ManFace © \Smiley
F \BOLogo ª \CircledA ³ \MineSign þ \WomanFace
M \BOLogoL † \Cross m \Mundus Y \Yinyang
N \BOLogoP § \Frowny @ \MVAt

Table 450: Miscellaneous universa Symbols

Ξ \bauforms Λ \bauhead

Table 451: Miscellaneous fourier Symbols

L \bomb M \grimace N \textthing* T \textxswup*
B \danger A \noway U \textxswdown*
*
fourier defines math-mode synonyms for a few of the preceding symbols:
\thething (“N”), \xswordsup (“T”), and \xswordsdown (“U”).

165
 Table 452: ifsym Weather Symbols
 \Cloud  \Hail  \Sleet  \WeakRain
\FilledCloud  \HalfSun  \Snow  \WeakRainCloud
! \FilledRainCloud  \Lightning  \SnowCloud $ \FilledSnowCloud
# \FilledSunCloud  \NoSun  \Sun
" \FilledWeakRainCloud  \Rain  \SunCloud
 \Fog  \RainCloud  \ThinFog

In addition, \Thermo{0}. . .\Thermo{6} produce thermometers that are be-

tween 0/6 and 6/6 full of mercury:    


Similarly, \wind{⟨sun⟩}{⟨angle⟩}{⟨strength⟩} will draw wind symbols with a

given amount of sun (0–4), a given angle (in degrees), and a given strength in
km/h (0–100). For example, \wind{0}{0}{0} produces “ 0 ”, \wind{2}{0}{0}
produces “ 0 ”, and \wind{4}{0}{100} produces “ : ”.

Table 453: ifsym Alpine Symbols

 \SummitSign  \Summit  \SurveySign  \HalfFilledHut
 \StoneMan  \Mountain  \Joch  \VarSummit
 \Hut  \IceMountain  \Flag
  
 
\FilledHut \VarMountain \VarFlag
\Village  \VarIceMountain  \Tent

Table 454: ifsym Clocks

™ \Interval — \StopWatchStart › \VarClock š \Wecker

˜ \StopWatchEnd – \Taschenuhr ” \VarTaschenuhr

ifsym also exports a \showclock macro. \showclock{⟨hours⟩}{⟨minutes⟩}

D
outputs a clock displaying the corresponding time. For instance,
“\showclock{5}{40}” produces “ ”. ⟨hours⟩ must be an integer from 0 to 11,
and ⟨minutes⟩ must be an integer multiple of 5 from 0 to 55.

Table 455: Other ifsym Symbols

 \FilledSectioningDiamond \Letter  \Radiation
\Fire  \PaperLandscape
\SectioningDiamond
 \Irritant  \PaperPortrait ( \Telephone

 \Cube{1}  \Cube{3} \Cube{5}

 \Cube{2}  \Cube{4}
\Cube{6}

: \StrokeOne :: \StrokeThree ; \StrokeFive

: \StrokeTwo :: \StrokeFour

166
 Table 456: clock Clocks

i’ i0
’
\ClockStyle \ClockFramefalse \ClockFrametrue

0
1 1i’
2i’ 0i1’
0i2’
3i’ 0i3’
2
3

The clock package provides a \clock command to typeset an arbitrary time on

an analog clock (and \clocktime to typeset the document’s build time). For
example, the clocks in the above table were produced with \clock{15}{41}.
Clock symbols are composed from a font of clock-face fragments using one of
four values for \ClockStyle and either \ClockFrametrue or \ClockFrametrue
as illustrated above. See the clock documentation for more information.

Table 457: epsdice Dice

\epsdice{1} \epsdice{3} \epsdice{5}
\epsdice{2} \epsdice{4} \epsdice{6}

Table 458: hhcount Dice

\fcdice{1} \fcdice{3} \fcdice{5}
\fcdice{2} \fcdice{4} \fcdice{6}

The \fcdice command accepts values larger than 6. For example,

“\fcdice{47}” produces “ ”.

Table 459: stix Dice

⚀ \dicei ⚂ \diceiii ⚄ \dicev
⚁ \diceii ⚃ \diceiv ⚅ \dicevi

167
 Table 460: bullcntr Tally Markers

∙ ∙∙
∙ \bullcntr{⟨1 ⟩} ∙ ∙
∙ \bullcntr{⟨4 ⟩} ∙∙∙
∙∙ \bullcntr{⟨7 ⟩}
∙ ∙ ∙∙∙
∙ ∙ \bullcntr{⟨2 ⟩} ∙
∙ ∙ \bullcntr{⟨5 ⟩} ∙∙
∙∙∙ \bullcntr{⟨8 ⟩}
∙ ∙∙ ∙∙∙
∙ ∙ \bullcntr{⟨3 ⟩} ∙ ∙
∙∙ \bullcntr{⟨6 ⟩} ∙∙∙
∙∙∙
\bullcntr{⟨9 ⟩}

The notation for \bullcntr used in the above bears explanation. \bullcntr
does not take a number as its argument but rather a LATEX counter, whose value
it uses to typeset a tally marker. “\bullcntr{⟨3 ⟩}”, for example, means to in-
voke \bullcntr with a counter whose value is 3. (\bullcntr usage is therefore
akin to that of LATEX’s \fnsymbol.) The intention is to use \bullcntr indi-
rectly via the bullenum package’s bullenum environment, which is a variation
on the enumerate environment that uses \bullcntr to typeset the labels.

To typeset individual tally markers, one can define a helper command:

\newcounter{bull}
\newcommand{\showbullcntr}[1]{%
\setcounter{bull}{#1}%
\bullcntr{bull}%
}

bullcntr’s package options smallctrbull, largectrbull, and heartctrbull and cor-

responding commands \smallctrbull, \largectrbull, and \heartctrbull
control the formatting of each tally marker:

small large heart

∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ♡ ♡
\bullcntr{⟨5 ⟩} ∙
∙ ∙
∙
∙ ∙
♡
♡ ♡

The default is smartctrbull (\smartctrbull), which maps counter values 1–5

to large pips and 6–9 to small pips. It is also possible to use arbitrary symbols
for \bullcntr’s pips. See the bullcntr documentation for more information.

Table 461: hhcount Tally Markers

\fcscore{1} \fcscore{3} \fcscore{5}
\fcscore{2} \fcscore{4}

The \fcscore command accepts values larger than 5. For example,

“\fcscore{47}” produces “ ”.

Table 462: dozenal Tally Markers

1 \tally{1} 3 \tally{3} 5 \tally{5}
2 \tally{2} 4 \tally{4} 6 \tally{6}

168
 Table 463: skull Symbols
A \skull

Table 464: Non-Mathematical mathabx Symbols

O \rip

Table 465: skak Chess Informator Symbols

g \bbetter d \doublepawns q \seppawns
i \bdecisive L \ending O-O \shortcastling
b \betteris j \equal T \timelimit
a \bishoppair H \file k \unclear
e \bupperhand O \kside u \unitedpawns
X \capturesymbol O-O-O \longcastling R \various
O \castlingchar x \markera f \wbetter
- \castlinghyphen y \markerb h \wdecisive
I \centre m \mate J \weakpt
+ \checksymbol S \morepawns v \with
RR \chesscomment U \moreroom A \withattack
P \chessetc N \novelty E \withidea
l \chesssee F \onlymove C \withinit
n \compensation o \opposbishops w \without
V \counterplay r \passedpawn c \wupperhand
t \devadvantage M \qside D \zugzwang
G \diagonal s \samebishops

169
 Table 466: skak Chess Pieces and Chessboard Squares

a \BlackBishopOnBlack s \BlackRookOnBlack J \WhiteKingOnBlack

b \BlackBishopOnWhite r \BlackRookOnWhite K \WhiteKingOnWhite

Z \BlackEmptySquare B \symbishop M \WhiteKnightOnBlack

j \BlackKingOnBlack K \symking N \WhiteKnightOnWhite

k \BlackKingOnWhite N \symknight O \WhitePawnOnBlack

m \BlackKnightOnBlack p \sympawn P \WhitePawnOnWhite

n \BlackKnightOnWhite Q \symqueen L \WhiteQueenOnBlack

o \BlackPawnOnBlack R \symrook Q \WhiteQueenOnWhite

p \BlackPawnOnWhite A \WhiteBishopOnBlack S \WhiteRookOnBlack

l \BlackQueenOnBlack B \WhiteBishopOnWhite R \WhiteRookOnWhite

q \BlackQueenOnWhite 0 \WhiteEmptySquare

The skak package also provides commands for drawing complete chessboards.
See the skak documentation for more information.

Table 467: igo Go Symbols

} \blackstone[\igocircle]
| \blackstone[\igocross]
\blackstone[\igonone]
~ \blackstone[\igosquare]
 \blackstone[\igotriangle]
} \whitestone[\igocircle]
| \whitestone[\igocross]
\whitestone[\igonone]
~ \whitestone[\igosquare]
 \whitestone[\igotriangle]

In addition to the symbols shown above, igo’s \blackstone and \whitestone


commands accept numbers from 1 to 99 and display them circled as , ,
 c
, ...,
 c
and , , , . . . , , respectively.

The igo package is intended to typeset complete Go boards (goban). See the
igo documentation for more information.

170
 Table 468: go Go Symbols
  

 ~
\botborder \lftbotcorner \rttopcorner

 
\empty \lfttopcorner \square

 
\hoshi \rtborder \topborder
\lftborder \rtbotcorner \triangle

In addition to the board fragments and stones shown above, go’s \black and

 }
 }
\white commands accept numbers from 1 to 253 and display them circled as

~
, , , ..., and , , , . . . , , respectively. \black and \white

 ~ 
additionally accept \square and \triangle as arguments, producing and
and for \black and and and for \white.

The go package is intended to typeset complete Go boards (goban). See the

go documentation for more information.

Table 469: metre Metrical Symbols

× \a
¯˘¯˘´
\bBm \cc ¯˘´¯˘ \Mbb ˙˙ \Pppp ⊗ \t
´˘ \B
¯˘´¯˘
\bbm \Ccc ¯˘¯¯˘¯˘ \mbbx ˙ \pppp \tsbm
˘ \b
¯˘˘¯˘˘
\Bbm
¯
\m ∘∘ \oo ˙˙˙ \Ppppp \tsmb
´˘˘ \Bb ¯˘¯ \bbmb ´¯ \M \p ˙˙ \ppppp \tsmm
˙ ˙˙
˘´˘ ¯˘˘¯¯¯˘
\BB \bbmx ×
¯ \ma \pm \ps \vppm
¯˙ ¯˙
˘˘ \bb
˘ \bm ¯´˘ \Mb ˙˙ \pp ˙˙ \pxp
¯˙˙
\vpppm
˘˘´ \bB ´¯˘¯ \Bm ¯˘ \mb ˙˙ \Pp ˙˙ \Pxp ˙˙˙˙ \x
˘˘
× \bba \c ¯˘´¯˘ \mBb
¯˙˙˙
\ppm ∼ \R
˘˘˘ \bbb \C ¯˘¯˘´ \mbB
˙ \ppp ∼ \r
¯˘´¯˘
\BBm \Cc ¯˘¯˘ \mbb ˙˙˙ \Ppp ⊗ \T
˙
The preceding symbols are valid only within the argument to the metre com-
mand.

Table 470: metre Small and Large Metrical Symbols

÷ \anaclasis ÷ \Anaclasis
< \antidiple < \Antidiple
·
< \antidiple* ·
< \Antidiple*
· ·
⊃ \antisigma ⊃ \Antisigma
····
× \asteriscus ····
× \Asteriscus
∧ \catalexis ∧ \Catalexis
> \diple > \Diple
·
>
· \diple* >·· \Diple*
\obelus \Obelus
·· \obelus* ·· \Obelus*
∼ \respondens ∼ \Respondens
⊗ \terminus ⊗ \Terminus
⊕ \terminus* ⊕ \Terminus*

171
 Table 471: teubner Metrical Symbols
Ι \aeolicbii ι \barbrevis η \ipercatal
Θ \aeolicbiii ς \bbrevis λ \longa
Κ \aeolicbiv β \brevis ε \ubarbbrevis
Ξ \anceps γ \catal δ \ubarbrevis
Ζ \ancepsdbrevis ̮ \corona φ \ubarsbrevis
Ψ \banceps Ϙ \coronainv κ \ubrevislonga
H
θ \barbbrevis \hiatus

The teubner package provides a \newmetrics command that helps users com-
bine the preceding symbols as well as other teubner symbols. For example, the
predefined \pentam symbol uses \newmetrics to juxtapose six \longas, two
\barbbrevises, four \brevises, and a \dBar into “λθλθλ||λββλββλ”.
See the teubner documentation for more information.

Table 472: dictsym Dictionary Symbols

a \dsaeronautical c \dscommercial m \dsmedical
G \dsagricultural H \dsheraldical X \dsmilitary
A \dsarchitectural J \dsjuridical R \dsrailways
B \dsbiological L \dsliterary T \dstechnical
C \dschemical M \dsmathematical

Table 473: simpsons Characters from The Simpsons

 \Bart  \Homer
\Maggie
\SNPP

 \Burns  \Lisa  \Marge

The location of the characters’ pupils can be controlled with the \Goofy com-
mand. See A METAFONT of ‘Simpsons’ characters [Che97] for more informa-
tion. Also, each of the above can be prefixed with \Left to make the character
face left instead of right:

 \Left\Bart

172
 Table 474: pmboxdraw Box-Drawing Symbols
\textblock \textSFli \textSFxli \textSFxxiii
\textdkshade \textSFlii \textSFxlii \textSFxxiv
\textdnblock \textSFliii \textSFxliii \textSFxxv
\textlfblock \textSFliv \textSFxliv \textSFxxvi
\textltshade \textSFv \textSFxlix \textSFxxvii
\textrtblock \textSFvi \textSFxlv \textSFxxviii
\textSFi \textSFvii \textSFxlvi \textSFxxxix
\textSFii \textSFviii \textSFxlvii \textSFxxxvi
\textSFiii \textSFx \textSFxlviii \textSFxxxvii
\textSFiv \textSFxi \textSFxx \textSFxxxviii
\textSFix \textSFxix \textSFxxi \textshade
\textSFl \textSFxl \textSFxxii \textupblock

Code Page 437 (CP437), which was first utilized by the original IBM PC,
contains the set of box-drawing symbols (sides, corners, and intersections of
single- and double-ruled boxes) shown above in character positions 176–223.
These symbols also appear in the Unicode Box Drawing and Block Element
tables.

The pmboxdraw package draws the CP437 box-drawing symbols using TEX
rules (specifically, \vrule) instead of with a font and thereby provides the
ability to alter both rule width and the separation between rules. See the
pmboxdraw documentation for more information.

Table 475: staves Magical Staves

\staveI  \staveXXIV . \staveXLVII

\staveII  \staveXXV / \staveXLVIII

 \staveIII  \staveXXVI 0 \staveXLIX

 \staveIV  \staveXXVII 1 \staveL

 \staveV  \staveXXVIII 2 \staveLI

 \staveVI  \staveXXIX 3 \staveLII

 \staveVII  \staveXXX 4 \staveLIII

 \staveVIII  \staveXXXI 5 \staveLIV

 \staveIX  \staveXXXII 6 \staveLV

\staveX \staveXXXIII 7 \staveLVI

\staveXI ! \staveXXXIV 8 \staveLVII

(continued on next page)

173
(continued from previous page)

 \staveXII " \staveXXXV 9 \staveLVIII

 \staveXIII # \staveXXXVI : \staveLIX

\staveXIV
 \staveXV
 \staveXVI
 \staveXVII
 \staveXVIII
$ \staveXXXVII ; \staveLX
% \staveXXXVIII < \staveLXI
& \staveXXXIX = \staveLXII
' \staveXL > \staveLXIII
( \staveXLI ? \staveLXIV

 \staveXIX ) \staveXLII @ \staveLXV

 \staveXX * \staveXLIII A \staveLXVI

 \staveXXI + \staveXLIV B \staveLXVII

 \staveXXII , \staveXLV C \staveLXVIII

 \staveXXIII - \staveXLVI

The meanings of these symbols are described on the Web site for the Museum
of Icelandic Sorcery and Witchcraft at http://www.galdrasyning.is/
index.php?option=com content&task=category&sectionid=5&id=
18&Itemid=60 (TinyURL: http://tinyurl.com/25979m). For example,
\staveL (“1”) is intended to ward off ghosts and evil spirits.

Table 476: pigpen Cipher Symbols

A {\pigpenfont A} J {\pigpenfont J} S {\pigpenfont S}
B {\pigpenfont B} K {\pigpenfont K} T {\pigpenfont T}
C {\pigpenfont C} L {\pigpenfont L} U {\pigpenfont U}
D {\pigpenfont D} M {\pigpenfont M} V {\pigpenfont V}
E {\pigpenfont E} N {\pigpenfont N} W {\pigpenfont W}
F {\pigpenfont F} O {\pigpenfont O} X {\pigpenfont X}
G {\pigpenfont G} P {\pigpenfont P} Y {\pigpenfont Y}
H {\pigpenfont H} Q {\pigpenfont Q} Z {\pigpenfont Z}
I {\pigpenfont I} R {\pigpenfont R}

Table 477: ChinA2e Phases of the Moon

– \MoonPha{1} — \MoonPha{2} ˝ \MoonPha{3} ˜ \MoonPha{4}

Table 478: ChinA2e Recycling Symbols

¨ \Greenpoint

174
 Table 479: marvosym Recycling Symbols
ß \PackingWaste Þ \Recycling

A
A
Table 480: recycle Recycling Symbols

A \recycle \Recycle

\RECYCLE

The METAFONT code that implements the recycling symbols shown above
is, in the words of its author, “awful code [that] doesn’t even put the logo
in a box (properly)”. Expect to receive “Inconsistent equation (off by
⟨number ⟩)” errors from METAFONT. Fortunately, if you tell METAFONT to
proceed past those errors (e.g., by pressing Enter after each one or by specifying
“-interaction=nonstopmode” on the METAFONT command line) it should
produce a valid font.

The commands listed above should be used within a group

(e.g., “{\recycle}”) because they exhibit the side effect of changing
the font to the recycle font.

Table 481: Other ChinA2e Symbols

¡ \Info ¿ \Request
# \Postbox @ \Telephone

Table 482: soyombo Soyombo Symbols

# \Soyombo – \sA* ˝ \sO*

*
These symbols require that the Soyombo font be active (“{\soyombo . . . }”).

175
 Table 483: knitting Knitting Symbols
! \textknit{!} [ \textknit{[} Q \textknit{Q}
" \textknit{"} ] \textknit{]} q \textknit{q}
( \textknit{(} A \textknit{A} R \textknit{R}
) \textknit{)} a \textknit{a} r \textknit{r}
* \textknit{*} B \textknit{B} S \textknit{S}
- \textknit{-} b \textknit{b} s \textknit{s}
2 \textknit{2} E \textknit{E} T \textknit{T}
3 \textknit{3} F \textknit{F} t \textknit{t}
4 \textknit{4} f \textknit{f} U \textknit{U}
5 \textknit{5} H \textknit{H} u \textknit{u}
6 \textknit{6} h \textknit{h} V \textknit{V}
7 \textknit{7} I \textknit{I} v \textknit{v}
8 \textknit{8} i \textknit{i} W \textknit{W}
9 \textknit{9} J \textknit{J} w \textknit{w}
: \textknit{:} j \textknit{j} X \textknit{X}
; \textknit{;} L \textknit{L} x \textknit{x}
< \textknit{<} l \textknit{l} Y \textknit{Y}
= \textknit{=} M \textknit{M} y \textknit{y}
> \textknit{>} m \textknit{m} Z \textknit{Z}
@ \textknit{@} O \textknit{O} z \textknit{z}

The knitting package is intended to typeset complete knitting charts. See the
knitting documentation for more information.

Some symbols behave differently when used as part of a sequence. For

example, contrast \textknit{1} (“1 1”), \textknit{11} (“1„ 1„”), and
1”„”). Similarly, contrast \textknit{"} (“"
\textknit{111} (“1”„ " ”) and
\textknit{""} (“ «”). Again, see the knitting documentation for more infor-
mation.

€ ”•
Table 484: CountriesOfEurope Country Maps

\Albania \Latvia

‚ \Andorra

– \Liechtenstein

ƒ —˜
\Austria \Lithuania

„… \Belarus

\Belgium

\Bosnia ™
\Luxembourg

\Macedonia

\Malta

(continued on next page)

176
†‡ š›
(continued from previous page)

\Bulgaria \Moldova

ˆ \Croatia

\Czechia œ \Montenegro

\Netherlands

‰ 
Š ž
\Denmark \Norway

\Estonia \Poland

‹ \Finland Ÿ \Portugal

Œ \France   \Romania

 \Germany ¡ \Serbia

Ž \GreatBritain ¢ \Slovakia

 \Greece £ \Slovenia

(continued on next page)

177
(continued from previous page)

 \Hungary ¤ \Spain

‘’ \Iceland

\Ireland
¥
¦ \Sweden

\Switzerland

“ \Italy

The preceding commands work only when the CountriesOfEurope font family
is active. For convenience, the package defines a \CountriesOfEuropeFamily
command that switches to that font family.

By default, countries are drawn in the current font size. Hence,

“{\CountriesOfEuropeFamily\France}” draws a nearly unrecognizable “Œ”.
For clarity of presentation, Table 484 scales each glyph to 72 pt. via an explicit
\fontsize{72}{72}. An alternative is to specify the scaled package option to
scale all country glyphs by a given factor of the font size.

Table 485: Miscellaneous arev Symbols

⚓ \anchor ☻ \invsmileface ☠ \skull ⚠ \warning
☣ \biohazard ☢ \radiation ☺ \smileface ☯ \yinyang
❝ \heavyqtleft ♻ \recycle ♨ \steaming
❞ \heavyqtright ☹ \sadface ⚔ \swords

Table 486: cookingsymbols Cooking Symbols

 \Bottomheat  \Fork  \Knife
\Topbottomheat
 \Dish  \Gasstove \Oven  \Topheat
 \Fanoven
\Gloves \Spoon

178
 Table 487: tikzsymbols Cooking Symbols
\bakingplate \eggbeater \peeler \trident
\blender \fryingpan \pot
\bowl \oven \sieve
\cooker \pan \squeezer

tikzsymbols defines German-language aliases for each of the above: \Backblech

for \bakingplate, \Bratpfanne for \fryingpan, \Dreizack for \trident,
\Herd for \cooker, \Kochtopf for \pot, \Ofen for \oven, \Pfanne for
\pan, \Purierstab for \blender, \Saftpresse for \squeezer, \Schaler for
\peeler, \Schneebesen for \eggbeater, \Schussel for \bowl, and \Sieb for
\sieve.

All tikzsymbols symbols are implemented with Tik Z graphics, not with a font.

Table 488: tikzsymbols Emoticons

\Annoey \Neutrey \rWalley \Vomey
\Cat \NiceReapey \Sadey \Walley
\Cooley \Ninja \Sey \Winkey
\Innocey \Nursey © \Smiley \wInnocey
\Laughey \oldWinkey \Tongey \Xey

All tikzsymbols symbols are implemented with Tik Z graphics, not with a font.
Hence, symbols like \Ninja can include color. In fact, most of the commands
shown above accept one or more color arguments for further customization.
See the tikzsymbols documentation for more information.

Table 489: tikzsymbols 3D Emoticons

\dAnnoey \dNinja \dSmiley \dXey
\dCooley \dNursey \dTongey \olddWinkey
\dInnocey \drWalley \dVomey
\dLaughey \dSadey \dWalley
\dNeutrey \dSey \dWinkey

All tikzsymbols symbols are implemented with Tik Z graphics, not with a font.
Hence, all of the symbols shown above can include color. In fact, each command
in Table 489 accepts one or more color arguments for further customization.
See the tikzsymbols documentation for more information.

Table 490: tikzsymbols Trees

\Autumntree \Summertree \WorstTree
\Springtree \Wintertree

All tikzsymbols symbols are implemented with Tik Z graphics, not with a font.
Hence, all of the symbols shown above can include color. tikzsymbols addition-
ally defines a \BasicTree command that supports customization of trunk and
leaf colors. See the tikzsymbols documentation for more information.

179
 Table 491: Miscellaneous tikzsymbols Symbols
\Bed \Chair \Fire \Snowman \Tribar
\Candle K \Coffeecup \Moai \Strichmaxerl

All tikzsymbols symbols are implemented with Tik Z graphics, not with a font.
\Tribar supports customization of the fill color for each bar. \Strichmaxerl
supports customization of the angles at which the stick figure’s arms and legs
are drawn. See the tikzsymbols documentation for more information.

Table 492: Miscellaneous bclogo Symbols

\bcattention \bcetoile \bcpanchant

\bcbombe \bcfemme \bcpeaceandlove

\bcbook \bcfeujaune \bcpluie

1
JAN
\bccalendrier \bcfeurouge \bcplume

\bccle \bcfeutricolore \bcpoisson

\bcclefa \bcfeuvert \bcquestion

\bcclesol \bcfleur \bcrecyclage

\bccoeur \bchomme \bcrosevents

\bccrayon \bchorloge \bcsmbh

\bccube \bcicosaedre \bcsmmh

\bcdallemagne \bcinfo \bcsoleil

\bcdanger \bcinterdit ♠ \bcspadesuit

STOP
\bcdautriche \bclampe \bcstop

\bcdbelgique \bcloupe \bctakecare

\bcdbulgarie \bcneige \bctetraedre

\bcdfrance \bcnote \bctrefle

\bcditalie \bcnucleaire \bctrombone

\bcdluxembourg \bcoctaedre \bcvaletcoeur

\bcdodecaedre \bcoeil \bcvelo

(continued on next page)

180
 (continued from previous page)

\bcdpaysbas \bcorne \bcyin

\bcdz \bcours

\bceclaircie \bcoutil

All bclogo symbols are implemented with Tik Z (or alternatively, PSTricks)
graphics, not with a font. This is how the symbols shown above can include
color.

Table 493: fontawesome Web-Related Icons

¿ \fa500px ♀ \faFemale ¾ \faPlane

Î \faAdjust S \faFighterJet ¿ \faPlay
Ï \faAdn T \faFile Á \faPlayCircle
Ð \faAlignCenter 3 \faFileArchiveO ○ \faPlayCircleO
Ñ \faAlignJustify 4 \faFileAudioO J \faPlug
Ò \faAlignLeft 6 \faFileCodeO + \faPlus
Ó \faAlignRight 0 \faFileExcelO + \faPlusCircle
À \faAmazon 2 \faFileImageO @ \faPlusSquare
Ô \faAmbulance U \faFileO +o \faPlusSquareO
Õ \faAnchor  \faFilePdfO ° \faPowerOff
Ö \faAndroid 1 \faFilePowerpointO Å \faPrint
h \faAngellist " \faFilesO Ç \faPuzzlePiece
∠ \faAngleDoubleDown V \faFileText  \faQq
∠ \faAngleDoubleLeft W \faFileTextO È \faQrcode
∠ \faAngleDoubleRight 5 \faFileVideoO ? \faQuestion
∠ \faAngleDoubleUp / \faFileWordO ? \faQuestionCircle
∠ \faAngleDown X \faFilm Ë \faQuoteLeft
∠ \faAngleLeft Y \faFilter Ì \faQuoteRight
∠ \faAngleRight Z \faFire Í \faRandom
∠ \faAngleUp [ \faFireExtinguisher  \faRebel
 \faApple º \faFirefox ( \faRecycle
Ü \faArchive \ \faFlag B \faReddit
^ \faAreaChart ^ \faFlagCheckered  \faRedditSquare
* \faAsterisk ] \faFlagO Î \faRefresh
[ \faAt ç \faFlask Ò \faRenren
ã \faBackward _ \faFlickr Õ \faReply
¤ \faBalanceScale à \faFloppyO Ö \faReplyAll
○ \faBan ` \faFolder Û \faRetweet
| \faBarChart a \faFolderO Ü \faRoad
æ \faBarcode b \faFolderOpen Ý \faRocket
Ó \faBars c \faFolderOpenO Þ \faRss
š \faBatteryEmpty d \faFont  \faRssSquare
– \faBatteryFull  \faFonticons ¸ \faSafari
˜ \faBatteryHalf n \faForumbee & \faScissors
™ \faBatteryQuarter f \faForward â \faSearch
— \faBatteryThreeQuarters g \faFoursquare H \faSearchMinus

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181
(continued from previous page)

 \faBed h \faFrownO G \faSearchPlus

è \faBeer G \faFutbolO o \faSellsy
$ \faBehance j \faGamepad Š \faServer
% \faBehanceSquare  \faGavel ä \faShare
ê \faBell ¶ \faGetPocket  \faShareAlt
é \faBellO I \faGg E \faShareAltSquare
W \faBellSlash J \faGgCircle å \faShareSquare
X \faBellSlashO l \faGift ã \faShareSquareO
e \faBicycle < \faGit æ \faShield
I \faBinoculars m \faGithub v \faShip
] \faBirthdayCake n \faGithubAlt p \faShirtsinbulk
A \faBitbucket o \faGithubSquare ç \faShoppingCart
ë \faBitbucketSquare  \faGitSquare é \faSignal
L \faBlackTie q \faGlass ê \faSignIn
ì \faBold r \faGlobe ë \faSignOut
í \faBolt  \faGoogle q \faSimplybuilt
F \faBomb + \faGooglePlus ì \faSitemap
î \faBook + \faGooglePlusSquare r \faSkyatlas
ï \faBookmark R \faGoogleWallet í \faSkype
ð \faBookmarkO  \faGraduationCap  \faSlack
ñ \faBriefcase p \faGratipay D \faSliders
ó \faBug = \faHackerNews K \faSlideshare
 \faBuilding { \faHddO î \faSmileO
ô \faBuildingO B \faHeader ï \faSort
õ \faBullhorn | \faHeadphones ð \faSortAlphaAsc
◎ \faBullseye ♥ \faHeart  \faSortAlphaDesc
f \faBus z \faHeartbeat ñ \faSortAmountAsc
l \faBuysellads ♥ \faHeartO ò \faSortAmountDesc
P \faCalculator @ \faHistory ö \faSortAsc
÷ \faCalendar  \faHome õ \faSortDesc
Ä \faCalendarCheckO € \faHospitalO ó \faSortNumericAsc
 \faCalendarMinusO © \faHourglass ô \faSortNumericDesc
ø \faCalendarO ¨ \faHourglassEnd . \faSoundcloud
Á \faCalendarPlusO § \faHourglassHalf  \faSpaceShuttle
à \faCalendarTimesO ¥ \faHourglassO ÷ \faSpinner
ù \faCamera ¦ \faHourglassStart ! \faSpoon
ú \faCameraRetro Ì \faHouzz , \faSpotify
) \faCar h \faHSquare ø \faStackExchange
û \faCaretDown  \faHtml5 ù \faStackOverflow
ü \faCaretLeft œ \faICursor & \faSteam
ý \faCaretRight ‚ \faInbox ' \faSteamSquare
 \faCaretSquareODown „ \faIndent þ \faStepBackward
 \faCaretSquareOLeft Å \faIndustry ÿ \faStepForward
 \faCaretSquareORight \faInfo \faStethoscope
 \faCaretSquareOUp … \faInfoCircle Ÿ \faStickyNote
þ \faCaretUp ‡ \faInstagram   \faStickyNoteO
t \faCartArrowDown ¼ \faInternetExplorer
\faStop
s \faCartPlus g \faIoxhost y \faStreetView
i \faCc ˆ \faItalic  \faStrikethrough
E \faCcAmex  \faJoomla C \faStumbleupon
¢ \faCcDinersClub 9 \faJsfiddle  \faStumbleuponCircle
T \faCcDiscover Š \faKey  \faSubscript
¡ \faCcJcb ‹ \faKeyboardO  \faSubway

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182
(continued from previous page)

S \faCcMastercard D \faLanguage  \faSuitcase

U \faCcPaypal  \faLaptop  \faSuperscript
V \faCcStripe a \faLastfm  \faTable
 \faCcVisa b \faLastfmSquare  \faTablet
ÿ \faCertificate Ž \faLeaf ' \faTachometer
0 \faChainBroken H \faLeanpub \faTag
\faChild  \faLemonO
\faTags
¹ \faChrome ‘ \faLevelDown  \faTasks
¶ \faClipboard ’ \faLevelUp * \faTaxi
 \faClockO : \faLifeRing ½ \faTelevision
£ \faClone “ \faLightbulbO  \faTencentWeibo
 \faCloud ` \faLineChart  \faTerminal
 \faCloudDownload ” \faLink \faTextHeight
 \faCloudUpload • \faLinkedin  \faTextWidth
 \faCode – \faLinkedinSquare  \faTh
 \faCodeFork — \faLinux  \faThLarge
8 \faCodepen ˜ \faList  \faThList
 \faCoffee ™ \faListAlt Æ \faThumbTack
 \faCog ´ \faListOl  \faTicket
 \faCogs  \faListUl  \faTint
 \faColumns š \faLocationArrow c \faToggleOff
 \faComment › \faLock d \faToggleOn
Ê \faCommenting   \faMagic  \faTrain
Ë \faCommentingO ¡ \faMagnet Y \faTrash
 \faCommentO ♂ \faMale  \faTrashO
 \faComments É \faMap + \faTree
\faCommentsO £ \faMapMarker  \faTrello
☼ \faCompass È \faMapO ´ \faTripadvisor
Ù \faCompress Æ \faMapPin  \faTrophy
m \faConnectdevelop Ç \faMapSigns  \faTruck
¾ \faContao ¤ \faMaxcdn H \faTty
# \faCreditCard k \faMeanpath  \faTumblr
$ \faCrop ‘ \faMedium  \faTumblrSquare
á \faCrosshairs ¥ \faMedkit L \faTwitch
% \faCss3 ¦ \faMehO  \faTwitter
" \faCube § \faMicrophone  \faTwitterSquare
# \faCubes ¨ \faMicrophoneSlash \faUmbrella
e \faCutlery − \faMinus ! \faUnderline
G \faDashcube − \faMinusCircle  \faUniversity
 \faDatabase − \faMinusSquare 1 \faUnlock
 \faDelicious − \faMinusSquareO 2 \faUnlockAlt
( \faDesktop ¬ \faMobile 4 \faUpload
- \faDeviantart ­ \faMoney 6 \faUser
u \faDiamond x \faMotorcycle 7 \faUserMd
 \faDigg › \faMousePointer ‹ \faUserPlus
/ \faDownload ¯ \faMusic u \faUsers
0 \faDribbble N \faNewspaperO w \faUserSecret
1 \faDropbox  \faObjectGroup Œ \faUserTimes
 \faDrupal ž \faObjectUngroup O \faVideoCamera
4 \faEject K \faOdnoklassniki Í \faVimeo
… \faEllipsisH µ \faOdnoklassnikiSquare 9 \faVimeoSquare
… \faEllipsisV ” \faOpencart 7 \faVine
 \faEmpire  \faOpenid : \faVk

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183
(continued from previous page)

8 \faEnvelope » \faOpera ; \faVolumeDown

7 \faEnvelopeO “ \faOptinMonster < \faVolumeOff
 \faEnvelopeSquare ƒ \faOutdent = \faVolumeUp

\faEraser \faPagelines ? \faWeibo
: \faExchange F \faPaintBrush  \faWeixin
; \faExclamation µ \faPaperclip ‰ \faWhatsapp
< \faExclamationCircle > \faPaperPlane  \faWheelchair
> \faExclamationTriangle ? \faPaperPlaneO O \faWifi
× \faExpand C \faParagraph · \faWikipediaW
• \faExpeditedssl · \faPause @ \faWindows
= \faExternalLink  \faPaw  \faWordpress
 \faExternalLinkSquare Q \faPaypal A \faWrench
? \faEye ¹ \faPhone B \faXing
\ \faEyedropper º \faPhoneSquare C \faXingSquare
> \faEyeSlash » \faPictureO  \faYahoo
M \faFacebook _ \faPieChart ’ \faYCombinator
‡ \faFacebookOfficial  \faPiedPiper M \faYelp
N \faFacebookSquare  \faPiedPiperAlt D \faYoutube
P \faFastBackward ¼ \faPinterest E \faYoutubePlay
Q \faFastForward ˆ \faPinterestP F \faYoutubeSquare
 \faFax ½ \faPinterestSquare

fontawesome defines synonyms for many of the preceding symbols:

) \faAutomobile 3 \faFileZipO  \faRa

 \faBank í \faFlash Ó \faReorder
| \faBarChartO  \faGe à \faSave
š \faBattery0  \faGear > \faSend
™ \faBattery1  \faGears ? \faSendO
˜ \faBattery2 p \faGittip G \faSoccerBallO
— \faBattery3 u \faGroup õ \faSortDown
– \faBattery4  \faHotel ö \faSortUp
* \faCab » \faImage : \faSupport
” \faChain  \faInstitution  \faToggleDown
" \faCopy  \faLegal  \faToggleLeft
& \faCut : \faLifeBouy  \faToggleRight
' \faDashboard : \faLifeSaver  \faToggleUp
ƒ \faDedent ä \faMailForward ½ \faTv
2 \faEdit Õ \faMailReply 0 \faUnlink
M \faFacebookF Ö \faMailReplyAll ï \faUnsorted
Þ \faFeed ¬ \faMobilePhone > \faWarning
5 \faFileMovieO  \faMortarBoard  \faWechat
2 \faFilePhotoO Ó \faNavicon ’ \faYc
2 \faFilePictureO ¶ \faPaste = \faYCombinatorSquare
4 \faFileSoundO » \faPhoto = \faYcSquare

184
 Table 494: rubikcube Rubik’s Cube Rotations
\rrhD \rrhF \rrhLw \rrhRw \rrhU
\rrhDa \rrhFp \rrhLwp \rrhRwp \rrhUa
\rrhDap \rrhFw \rrhM \rrhSd \rrhUap
\rrhDp \rrhFwp \rrhMp \rrhSdp \rrhUp
\rrhDs \rrhL \rrhR \rrhSl \rrhUs
\rrhDsp \rrhLa \rrhRa \rrhSlp \rrhUsp
\rrhDw \rrhLap \rrhRap \rrhSr \rrhUw
\rrhDwp \rrhLp \rrhRp \rrhSrp \rrhUwp
\rrhE \rrhLs \rrhRs \rrhSu
\rrhEp \rrhLsp \rrhRsp \rrhSup

All rubikcube symbols are implemented with Tik Z graphics, not with a font.
In addition to the symbols shown above, the rubikcube package defines com-
mands for combinations of textual and graphical representations of rotations
(e.g., \textRubikUa produces “Ua ”) as well as commands that produce
colored illustrations of Rubik’s Cube configurations and rotations. See the
rubikcube documentation for more information.

185
9 Fonts with minimal LATEX support
The symbol fonts shown in this section are provided without a corresponding LATEX 2𝜀 style file that
assigns a convenient name to each glyph. Consequently, each glyph must be accessed by number. To
help with this, the pifont package defines a \Pisymbol command that typesets a specified character by
number from a specified LATEX font family. Alas, most of the fonts in this section do not even define a
LATEX font family. Hence, except where otherwise specified, a document will need to include code like
the following in its preamble:

\usepackage{pifont}
\DeclareFontFamily{U}{⟨name⟩}{}
\DeclareFontShape{U}{⟨name⟩}{m}{n}{<-> ⟨font⟩}{}

where ⟨font⟩ is the name of the .tfm font file (or .mf font file, from which a .tfm font file can be
generated automatically), and ⟨name⟩ is a name to use to refer to that font. It’s generally good practice
to use the name of the font file for ⟨name⟩, as in the following:

\usepackage{pifont}
\DeclareFontFamily{U}{hands}{}
\DeclareFontShape{U}{hands}{m}{n}{<-> hands}{}

Table 495: hands Fists

A C
B D
\Pisymbol{hands}{65} \Pisymbol{hands}{67}
\Pisymbol{hands}{66} \Pisymbol{hands}{68}

Table 496: greenpoint Recycling Symbols

G \Pisymbol{greenpoint}{71}

Table 497: nkarta Map Symbols

! \Pisymbol{nkarta}{33} ` \Pisymbol{nkarta}{96} Á \Pisymbol{nkarta}{193}

" \Pisymbol{nkarta}{34}
# \Pisymbol{nkarta}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{36}
% \Pisymbol{nkarta}{37}
& \Pisymbol{nkarta}{38}
' \Pisymbol{nkarta}{39}
( \Pisymbol{nkarta}{40}
) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{41}
* \Pisymbol{nkarta}{42}
+ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{43}
, \Pisymbol{nkarta}{44}
- \Pisymbol{nkarta}{45}
. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{46}
/ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{49}
a \Pisymbol{nkarta}{97}
b \Pisymbol{nkarta}{98}
c \Pisymbol{nkarta}{99}
d \Pisymbol{nkarta}{100}
e \Pisymbol{nkarta}{101}
f \Pisymbol{nkarta}{102}
g \Pisymbol{nkarta}{103}
h \Pisymbol{nkarta}{104}
i \Pisymbol{nkarta}{105}
j \Pisymbol{nkarta}{106}
k \Pisymbol{nkarta}{107}
l \Pisymbol{nkarta}{108}
m \Pisymbol{nkarta}{109}
n \Pisymbol{nkarta}{110}
o \Pisymbol{nkarta}{111}
p \Pisymbol{nkarta}{112}
 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{194}
à \Pisymbol{nkarta}{195}
Ä \Pisymbol{nkarta}{196}
Å \Pisymbol{nkarta}{197}
Æ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{198}
Ç \Pisymbol{nkarta}{199}
È \Pisymbol{nkarta}{200}
É \Pisymbol{nkarta}{201}
Ê \Pisymbol{nkarta}{202}
Ë \Pisymbol{nkarta}{203}
Ì \Pisymbol{nkarta}{204}
Í \Pisymbol{nkarta}{205}
Î \Pisymbol{nkarta}{206}
Ï \Pisymbol{nkarta}{207}
Ð \Pisymbol{nkarta}{208}
Ñ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{209}

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186
(continued from previous page)
2 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{51}
4 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{52}
5 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{53}
6 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{54}
7 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{55}
8 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{56}
9 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{57}
: \Pisymbol{nkarta}{58}
; \Pisymbol{nkarta}{59}
< \Pisymbol{nkarta}{60}
= \Pisymbol{nkarta}{61}
> \Pisymbol{nkarta}{62}
? \Pisymbol{nkarta}{63}
@ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{64}
A \Pisymbol{nkarta}{65}
B \Pisymbol{nkarta}{66}
C \Pisymbol{nkarta}{67}
D \Pisymbol{nkarta}{68}
E \Pisymbol{nkarta}{69}
F \Pisymbol{nkarta}{70}
G \Pisymbol{nkarta}{71}
H \Pisymbol{nkarta}{72}
I \Pisymbol{nkarta}{73}
J \Pisymbol{nkarta}{74}
K \Pisymbol{nkarta}{75}
L \Pisymbol{nkarta}{76}
M \Pisymbol{nkarta}{77}
N \Pisymbol{nkarta}{78}
O \Pisymbol{nkarta}{79}
P \Pisymbol{nkarta}{80}
Q \Pisymbol{nkarta}{81}
R \Pisymbol{nkarta}{82}
S \Pisymbol{nkarta}{83}
T \Pisymbol{nkarta}{84}
U \Pisymbol{nkarta}{85}
V \Pisymbol{nkarta}{86}
W \Pisymbol{nkarta}{87}
X \Pisymbol{nkarta}{88}
Y \Pisymbol{nkarta}{89}
Z \Pisymbol{nkarta}{90}
[ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{91}
\ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{92}
] \Pisymbol{nkarta}{93}
^ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{94}
_ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{95}
q \Pisymbol{nkarta}{113} Ò \Pisymbol{nkarta}{210}
r \Pisymbol{nkarta}{114} Ó \Pisymbol{nkarta}{211}
s \Pisymbol{nkarta}{115} Ô \Pisymbol{nkarta}{212}
t \Pisymbol{nkarta}{116} Õ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{213}
u \Pisymbol{nkarta}{117} Ö \Pisymbol{nkarta}{214}
v \Pisymbol{nkarta}{118} × \Pisymbol{nkarta}{215}
w \Pisymbol{nkarta}{119} Ø \Pisymbol{nkarta}{216}
x \Pisymbol{nkarta}{120} Ù \Pisymbol{nkarta}{217}
y \Pisymbol{nkarta}{121} Ú \Pisymbol{nkarta}{218}
z \Pisymbol{nkarta}{122} Û \Pisymbol{nkarta}{219}
{ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{123} Ü \Pisymbol{nkarta}{220}
| \Pisymbol{nkarta}{124} Ý \Pisymbol{nkarta}{221}
} \Pisymbol{nkarta}{125} Þ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{222}
~ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{126} ß \Pisymbol{nkarta}{223}
¡ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{161} à \Pisymbol{nkarta}{224}
¢ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{162} á \Pisymbol{nkarta}{225}
£ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{163} â \Pisymbol{nkarta}{226}
¤ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{164} ã \Pisymbol{nkarta}{227}
¥ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{165} ä \Pisymbol{nkarta}{228}
¦ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{166} å \Pisymbol{nkarta}{229}
§ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{167} æ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{230}
¨ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{168} ç \Pisymbol{nkarta}{231}
© \Pisymbol{nkarta}{169} è \Pisymbol{nkarta}{232}
ª \Pisymbol{nkarta}{170} é \Pisymbol{nkarta}{233}
« \Pisymbol{nkarta}{171} ê \Pisymbol{nkarta}{234}
¬ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{172} ë \Pisymbol{nkarta}{235}
­ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{173} ì \Pisymbol{nkarta}{236}
® \Pisymbol{nkarta}{174} í \Pisymbol{nkarta}{237}
¯ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{175} î \Pisymbol{nkarta}{238}
° \Pisymbol{nkarta}{176} ï \Pisymbol{nkarta}{239}
± \Pisymbol{nkarta}{177} ð \Pisymbol{nkarta}{240}
² \Pisymbol{nkarta}{178} ñ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{241}
³ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{179} ò \Pisymbol{nkarta}{242}
´ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{180} ó \Pisymbol{nkarta}{243}
µ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{181} ô \Pisymbol{nkarta}{244}
¶ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{182} õ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{245}
· \Pisymbol{nkarta}{183} ö \Pisymbol{nkarta}{246}
¸ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{184} ÷ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{247}
¹ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{185} ø \Pisymbol{nkarta}{248}
º \Pisymbol{nkarta}{186} ù \Pisymbol{nkarta}{249}
» \Pisymbol{nkarta}{187} ú \Pisymbol{nkarta}{250}
¼ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{188} û \Pisymbol{nkarta}{251}
½ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{189} ü \Pisymbol{nkarta}{252}
¾ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{190} ý \Pisymbol{nkarta}{253}
¿ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{191} þ \Pisymbol{nkarta}{254}
À \Pisymbol{nkarta}{192}
187
 Table 498: moonphase Astronomical Symbols
\Pisymbol{moonphase}{0}  \Pisymbol{moonphase}{2}

\Pisymbol{moonphase}{1}  \Pisymbol{moonphase}{3}

Table 499: astrosym Astronomical Symbols

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{0}

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{1}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{2}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{3}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{4}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{5}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{6}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{7}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{8}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{9}
„ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{132}
… \Pisymbol{astrosym}{133}
† \Pisymbol{astrosym}{134}
‡ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{135}
ˆ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{136}
‰ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{137}
Š \Pisymbol{astrosym}{138}
‹ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{139}
Π\Pisymbol{astrosym}{140}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{141}

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{10} Ž \Pisymbol{astrosym}{142}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{11}  \Pisymbol{astrosym}{143}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{12}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{13}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{14}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{15}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{16}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{17}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{18}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{19}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{20}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{21}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{22}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{23}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{24}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{25}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{26}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{27}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{28}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{29}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{30}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{31}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{32}
188
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{144}
‘ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{145}
’ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{146}
“ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{147}
” \Pisymbol{astrosym}{148}
• \Pisymbol{astrosym}{149}
– \Pisymbol{astrosym}{150}
— \Pisymbol{astrosym}{151}
˜ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{152}
™ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{153}
š \Pisymbol{astrosym}{154}
› \Pisymbol{astrosym}{155}
œ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{156}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{157}
ž \Pisymbol{astrosym}{158}
Ÿ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{159}
  \Pisymbol{astrosym}{160}
¡ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{161}
¢ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{162}
£ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{163}
¤ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{164}
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(continued from previous page)
! \Pisymbol{astrosym}{33}
" \Pisymbol{astrosym}{34}
# \Pisymbol{astrosym}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{36}
% \Pisymbol{astrosym}{37}
& \Pisymbol{astrosym}{38}
' \Pisymbol{astrosym}{39}
( \Pisymbol{astrosym}{40}
) \Pisymbol{astrosym}{41}
* \Pisymbol{astrosym}{42}
+ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{43}
, \Pisymbol{astrosym}{44}
- \Pisymbol{astrosym}{45}
. \Pisymbol{astrosym}{46}
/ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{49}
2 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{51}
4 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{52}
5 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{53}
6 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{54}
7 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{55}
8 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{56}
9 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{57}
: \Pisymbol{astrosym}{58}
; \Pisymbol{astrosym}{59}
< \Pisymbol{astrosym}{60}
= \Pisymbol{astrosym}{61}
> \Pisymbol{astrosym}{62}
? \Pisymbol{astrosym}{63}
@ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{64}
A \Pisymbol{astrosym}{65}
B \Pisymbol{astrosym}{66}
C \Pisymbol{astrosym}{67}
D \Pisymbol{astrosym}{68}
E \Pisymbol{astrosym}{69}
Z \Pisymbol{astrosym}{90}
[ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{91}
\ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{92}
] \Pisymbol{astrosym}{93}
189
¥ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{165}
¦ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{166}
§ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{167}
¨ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{168}
© \Pisymbol{astrosym}{169}
² \Pisymbol{astrosym}{178}
³ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{179}
´ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{180}
µ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{181}
¶ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{182}
· \Pisymbol{astrosym}{183}
¸ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{184}
¹ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{185}
º \Pisymbol{astrosym}{186}
» \Pisymbol{astrosym}{187}
¼ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{188}
½ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{189}
¾ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{190}
¿ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{191}
È \Pisymbol{astrosym}{200}
É \Pisymbol{astrosym}{201}
Ê \Pisymbol{astrosym}{202}
Ë \Pisymbol{astrosym}{203}
Ì \Pisymbol{astrosym}{204}
Í \Pisymbol{astrosym}{205}
Î \Pisymbol{astrosym}{206}
Ï \Pisymbol{astrosym}{207}
Ð \Pisymbol{astrosym}{208}
Ñ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{209}
Ò \Pisymbol{astrosym}{210}
Ó \Pisymbol{astrosym}{211}
Ô \Pisymbol{astrosym}{212}
Õ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{213}
Ö \Pisymbol{astrosym}{214}
× \Pisymbol{astrosym}{215}
Ø \Pisymbol{astrosym}{216}
Ù \Pisymbol{astrosym}{217}
Ú \Pisymbol{astrosym}{218}
Û \Pisymbol{astrosym}{219}
Ü \Pisymbol{astrosym}{220}
Ý \Pisymbol{astrosym}{221}
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^ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{94}
_ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{95}
d \Pisymbol{astrosym}{100}
e \Pisymbol{astrosym}{101}
f \Pisymbol{astrosym}{102}
g \Pisymbol{astrosym}{103}
h \Pisymbol{astrosym}{104}
i \Pisymbol{astrosym}{105}
j \Pisymbol{astrosym}{106}
k \Pisymbol{astrosym}{107}
l \Pisymbol{astrosym}{108}
m \Pisymbol{astrosym}{109}
n \Pisymbol{astrosym}{110}
o \Pisymbol{astrosym}{111}
p \Pisymbol{astrosym}{112}
q \Pisymbol{astrosym}{113}
r \Pisymbol{astrosym}{114}
s \Pisymbol{astrosym}{115}
t \Pisymbol{astrosym}{116}
u \Pisymbol{astrosym}{117}
v \Pisymbol{astrosym}{118}
w \Pisymbol{astrosym}{119}
x \Pisymbol{astrosym}{120}
y \Pisymbol{astrosym}{121}
z \Pisymbol{astrosym}{122}
{ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{123}
| \Pisymbol{astrosym}{124}
} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{125}
~ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{126}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{127}
€ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{128}
 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{129}
‚ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{130}
ƒ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{131}
190
Þ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{222}
ß \Pisymbol{astrosym}{223}
à \Pisymbol{astrosym}{224}
á \Pisymbol{astrosym}{225}
â \Pisymbol{astrosym}{226}
ã \Pisymbol{astrosym}{227}
ä \Pisymbol{astrosym}{228}
å \Pisymbol{astrosym}{229}
æ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{230}
ç \Pisymbol{astrosym}{231}
è \Pisymbol{astrosym}{232}
é \Pisymbol{astrosym}{233}
ê \Pisymbol{astrosym}{234}
ë \Pisymbol{astrosym}{235}
ì \Pisymbol{astrosym}{236}
í \Pisymbol{astrosym}{237}
î \Pisymbol{astrosym}{238}
ï \Pisymbol{astrosym}{239}
ð \Pisymbol{astrosym}{240}
ñ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{241}
ò \Pisymbol{astrosym}{242}
ó \Pisymbol{astrosym}{243}
ô \Pisymbol{astrosym}{244}
õ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{245}
ö \Pisymbol{astrosym}{246}
÷ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{247}
ø \Pisymbol{astrosym}{248}
ù \Pisymbol{astrosym}{249}
ú \Pisymbol{astrosym}{250}
û \Pisymbol{astrosym}{251}
ü \Pisymbol{astrosym}{252}
ý \Pisymbol{astrosym}{253}
þ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{254}
ÿ \Pisymbol{astrosym}{255}
 Table 500: webomints Decorative Borders

/ \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{49}
2 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{51}
4 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{52}
5 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{53}
6 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{54}
7 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{55}
8 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{56}
9 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{57}
A \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{65}
B \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{66}
C \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{67}
D \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{68}
E \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{69}
F \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{70}
G \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{71}
H \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{72}
I \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{73}
J \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{74}
K \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{75}
L \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{76}
M \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{77}
N \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{78}
O \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{79}
P \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{80}
Q \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{81}
R \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{82}
S \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{83}
T \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{84}
U \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{85}
V \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{86}
W \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{87}
X \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{88}
Y \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{89}
Z \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{90}
[ \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{91}
] \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{93}
a \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{97}
b \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{98}
c \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{99}
d \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{100}
e \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{101}
f \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{102}
g \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{103}
h \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{104}
i \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{105}
j \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{106}
k \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{107}
l \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{108}
m \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{109}
n \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{110}
o \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{111}
p \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{112}
q \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{113}
r \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{114}
s \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{115}
t \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{116}
u \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{117}
v \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{118}
w \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{119}
x \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{120}
y \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{121}
z \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{122}

webomints provides a uwebo.fd font-definition file. Instead of using pifont

and \Pisymbol to typeset a glyph, a document can select the webomints
font directly. For example, {\usefont{U}{webo}{xl}{n}\char73\char74}—
alternatively, {\usefont{U}{webo}{xl}{n}IJ}—will typeset “IJ”.
This can be useful for typesetting a number of webomints glyphs in a row.

The niceframe package can be used to typeset decorative frames using fonts
such as webomints.

191
 Table 501: umranda Decorative Borders

\Pisymbol{umranda}{0} " \Pisymbol{umranda}{34} D \Pisymbol{umranda}{68}

\Pisymbol{umranda}{1} # \Pisymbol{umranda}{35} E \Pisymbol{umranda}{69}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{2} $ \Pisymbol{umranda}{36} F \Pisymbol{umranda}{70}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{3} % \Pisymbol{umranda}{37} G \Pisymbol{umranda}{71}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{4} & \Pisymbol{umranda}{38} H \Pisymbol{umranda}{72}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{5} ' \Pisymbol{umranda}{39} I \Pisymbol{umranda}{73}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{6} ( \Pisymbol{umranda}{40} J \Pisymbol{umranda}{74}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{7} ) \Pisymbol{umranda}{41} K \Pisymbol{umranda}{75}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{8} * \Pisymbol{umranda}{42} L \Pisymbol{umranda}{76}
\Pisymbol{umranda}{9} + \Pisymbol{umranda}{43} M \Pisymbol{umranda}{77}

\Pisymbol{umranda}{10} , \Pisymbol{umranda}{44} N \Pisymbol{umranda}{78}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{11} - \Pisymbol{umranda}{45} O \Pisymbol{umranda}{79}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{12} . \Pisymbol{umranda}{46} P \Pisymbol{umranda}{80}
\Pisymbol{umranda}{13} / \Pisymbol{umranda}{47} Q \Pisymbol{umranda}{81}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{14} 0 \Pisymbol{umranda}{48} R \Pisymbol{umranda}{82}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{15} 1 \Pisymbol{umranda}{49} S \Pisymbol{umranda}{83}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{16} 2 \Pisymbol{umranda}{50} T \Pisymbol{umranda}{84}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{17} 3 \Pisymbol{umranda}{51} U \Pisymbol{umranda}{85}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{18} 4 \Pisymbol{umranda}{52} V \Pisymbol{umranda}{86}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{19} 5 \Pisymbol{umranda}{53} W \Pisymbol{umranda}{87}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{20} 6 \Pisymbol{umranda}{54} X \Pisymbol{umranda}{88}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{21} 7 \Pisymbol{umranda}{55} Y \Pisymbol{umranda}{89}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{22} 8 \Pisymbol{umranda}{56} Z \Pisymbol{umranda}{90}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{23} 9 \Pisymbol{umranda}{57} [ \Pisymbol{umranda}{91}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{24} : \Pisymbol{umranda}{58} \ \Pisymbol{umranda}{92}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{25} ; \Pisymbol{umranda}{59} ] \Pisymbol{umranda}{93}

 \Pisymbol{umranda}{26} < \Pisymbol{umranda}{60} ^ \Pisymbol{umranda}{94}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{27} = \Pisymbol{umranda}{61} _ \Pisymbol{umranda}{95}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{28} > \Pisymbol{umranda}{62} ` \Pisymbol{umranda}{96}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{29} ? \Pisymbol{umranda}{63} a \Pisymbol{umranda}{97}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{30} @ \Pisymbol{umranda}{64} b \Pisymbol{umranda}{98}
 \Pisymbol{umranda}{31} A \Pisymbol{umranda}{65} c \Pisymbol{umranda}{99}
\Pisymbol{umranda}{32} B \Pisymbol{umranda}{66} d \Pisymbol{umranda}{100}

! \Pisymbol{umranda}{33} C \Pisymbol{umranda}{67} e \Pisymbol{umranda}{101}

The niceframe package can be used to typeset decorative frames using fonts
such as umranda.

192
 Table 502: umrandb Decorative Borders

\Pisymbol{umrandb}{0} * \Pisymbol{umrandb}{42} T \Pisymbol{umrandb}{84}

\Pisymbol{umrandb}{1}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{2}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{3}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{4}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{5}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{6}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{7}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{8}
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{9}
+ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{43}
, \Pisymbol{umrandb}{44}
- \Pisymbol{umrandb}{45}
. \Pisymbol{umrandb}{46}
/ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{49}
2 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{51}
U \Pisymbol{umrandb}{85}
V \Pisymbol{umrandb}{86}
W \Pisymbol{umrandb}{87}
X \Pisymbol{umrandb}{88}
Y \Pisymbol{umrandb}{89}
Z \Pisymbol{umrandb}{90}
[ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{91}
\ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{92}
] \Pisymbol{umrandb}{93}

\Pisymbol{umrandb}{10} 4 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{52} ^ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{94}

 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{11} 5 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{53} _ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{95}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{12}
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{13} 7 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{55}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{14}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{15}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{16}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{17}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{18}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{19}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{20}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{21}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{22}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{23}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{24}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{25}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{26}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{27}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{28}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{29}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{30}
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{31}
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{32}
! \Pisymbol{umrandb}{33}
" \Pisymbol{umrandb}{34}
# \Pisymbol{umrandb}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{36}
% \Pisymbol{umrandb}{37}
& \Pisymbol{umrandb}{38}
' \Pisymbol{umrandb}{39}
( \Pisymbol{umrandb}{40}
) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{41}
The niceframe package can be used to typeset decorative frames using fonts
such as umrandb.
6 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{54}
a \Pisymbol{umrandb}{97}
8 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{56}
9 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{57}
: \Pisymbol{umrandb}{58}
; \Pisymbol{umrandb}{59}
< \Pisymbol{umrandb}{60}
= \Pisymbol{umrandb}{61}
> \Pisymbol{umrandb}{62}
? \Pisymbol{umrandb}{63}
@ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{64}
A \Pisymbol{umrandb}{65}
B \Pisymbol{umrandb}{66}
C \Pisymbol{umrandb}{67}
D \Pisymbol{umrandb}{68}
E \Pisymbol{umrandb}{69}
F \Pisymbol{umrandb}{70}
G \Pisymbol{umrandb}{71}
H \Pisymbol{umrandb}{72}
I \Pisymbol{umrandb}{73}
J \Pisymbol{umrandb}{74}
K \Pisymbol{umrandb}{75}
L \Pisymbol{umrandb}{76}
M \Pisymbol{umrandb}{77}
N \Pisymbol{umrandb}{78}
O \Pisymbol{umrandb}{79}
P \Pisymbol{umrandb}{80}
Q \Pisymbol{umrandb}{81}
R \Pisymbol{umrandb}{82}
S \Pisymbol{umrandb}{83}
193
` \Pisymbol{umrandb}{96}
b \Pisymbol{umrandb}{98}
c \Pisymbol{umrandb}{99}
d \Pisymbol{umrandb}{100}
e \Pisymbol{umrandb}{101}
f \Pisymbol{umrandb}{102}
g \Pisymbol{umrandb}{103}
h \Pisymbol{umrandb}{104}
i \Pisymbol{umrandb}{105}
j \Pisymbol{umrandb}{106}
k \Pisymbol{umrandb}{107}
l \Pisymbol{umrandb}{108}
m \Pisymbol{umrandb}{109}
n \Pisymbol{umrandb}{110}
o \Pisymbol{umrandb}{111}
p \Pisymbol{umrandb}{112}
q \Pisymbol{umrandb}{113}
r \Pisymbol{umrandb}{114}
s \Pisymbol{umrandb}{115}
t \Pisymbol{umrandb}{116}
u \Pisymbol{umrandb}{117}
v \Pisymbol{umrandb}{118}
w \Pisymbol{umrandb}{119}
x \Pisymbol{umrandb}{120}
y \Pisymbol{umrandb}{121}
z \Pisymbol{umrandb}{122}
{ \Pisymbol{umrandb}{123}
 Table 503: dingbat Decorative Borders

E \Pisymbol{dingbat}{69} a \Pisymbol{dingbat}{97}

F \Pisymbol{dingbat}{70} b \Pisymbol{dingbat}{98}

G \Pisymbol{dingbat}{71} c \Pisymbol{dingbat}{99}

H \Pisymbol{dingbat}{72} d \Pisymbol{dingbat}{100}

J \Pisymbol{dingbat}{74} e \Pisymbol{dingbat}{101}

K \Pisymbol{dingbat}{75} f \Pisymbol{dingbat}{102}

L \Pisymbol{dingbat}{76} g \Pisymbol{dingbat}{103}

M \Pisymbol{dingbat}{77} h \Pisymbol{dingbat}{104}

The preceding table is incomplete in that it includes only unnamed dingbat

symbols. Named symbols are included in Table 343 and Table 387 (both
intermixed with symbols from the ark10 font).

The dingbat package includes a udingbat.fd file so a document does not need
to specify the \DeclareFontFamily and \DeclareFontShape commands list
at the beginning of Section 9.

The niceframe package can be used to typeset decorative frames using fonts
such as dingbat.

Table 504: knot Celtic Knots

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot1}{48} \Pisymbol{knot1}{68} \Pisymbol{knot1}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot1}{49} \Pisymbol{knot1}{69} \Pisymbol{knot1}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot1}{50} \Pisymbol{knot1}{70} \Pisymbol{knot1}{86}

4 H X
\Pisymbol{knot1}{51} \Pisymbol{knot1}{71} \Pisymbol{knot1}{87}

5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot1}{52} \Pisymbol{knot1}{72} \Pisymbol{knot1}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot1}{53} \Pisymbol{knot1}{73} \Pisymbol{knot1}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot1}{58} \Pisymbol{knot1}{74} \Pisymbol{knot1}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot1}{59} \Pisymbol{knot1}{75} \Pisymbol{knot1}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot1}{60} \Pisymbol{knot1}{76} \Pisymbol{knot1}{99}
\Pisymbol{knot1}{61} \Pisymbol{knot1}{77} \Pisymbol{knot1}{100}

(continued on next page)

194
(continued from previous page)

> N e
? O f
\Pisymbol{knot1}{62} \Pisymbol{knot1}{78} \Pisymbol{knot1}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot1}{63} \Pisymbol{knot1}{79} \Pisymbol{knot1}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot1}{64} \Pisymbol{knot1}{80} \Pisymbol{knot1}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot1}{65} \Pisymbol{knot1}{81} \Pisymbol{knot1}{104}

C S
\Pisymbol{knot1}{66} \Pisymbol{knot1}{82} \Pisymbol{knot1}{105}
\Pisymbol{knot1}{67} \Pisymbol{knot1}{83}

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot2}{48} \Pisymbol{knot2}{68} \Pisymbol{knot2}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot2}{49} \Pisymbol{knot2}{69} \Pisymbol{knot2}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot2}{50} \Pisymbol{knot2}{70} \Pisymbol{knot2}{86}

4 H X
\Pisymbol{knot2}{51} \Pisymbol{knot2}{71} \Pisymbol{knot2}{87}

5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot2}{52} \Pisymbol{knot2}{72} \Pisymbol{knot2}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot2}{53} \Pisymbol{knot2}{73} \Pisymbol{knot2}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot2}{58} \Pisymbol{knot2}{74} \Pisymbol{knot2}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot2}{59} \Pisymbol{knot2}{75} \Pisymbol{knot2}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot2}{60} \Pisymbol{knot2}{76} \Pisymbol{knot2}{99}

> N e
\Pisymbol{knot2}{61} \Pisymbol{knot2}{77} \Pisymbol{knot2}{100}

? O f
\Pisymbol{knot2}{62} \Pisymbol{knot2}{78} \Pisymbol{knot2}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot2}{63} \Pisymbol{knot2}{79} \Pisymbol{knot2}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot2}{64} \Pisymbol{knot2}{80} \Pisymbol{knot2}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot2}{65} \Pisymbol{knot2}{81} \Pisymbol{knot2}{104}

C S
\Pisymbol{knot2}{66} \Pisymbol{knot2}{82} \Pisymbol{knot2}{105}
\Pisymbol{knot2}{67} \Pisymbol{knot2}{83}

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot3}{48} \Pisymbol{knot3}{68} \Pisymbol{knot3}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot3}{49} \Pisymbol{knot3}{69} \Pisymbol{knot3}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot3}{50} \Pisymbol{knot3}{70} \Pisymbol{knot3}{86}

4 H X
\Pisymbol{knot3}{51} \Pisymbol{knot3}{71} \Pisymbol{knot3}{87}

5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot3}{52} \Pisymbol{knot3}{72} \Pisymbol{knot3}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot3}{53} \Pisymbol{knot3}{73} \Pisymbol{knot3}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot3}{58} \Pisymbol{knot3}{74} \Pisymbol{knot3}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot3}{59} \Pisymbol{knot3}{75} \Pisymbol{knot3}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot3}{60} \Pisymbol{knot3}{76} \Pisymbol{knot3}{99}

> N e
\Pisymbol{knot3}{61} \Pisymbol{knot3}{77} \Pisymbol{knot3}{100}

? O f
\Pisymbol{knot3}{62} \Pisymbol{knot3}{78} \Pisymbol{knot3}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot3}{63} \Pisymbol{knot3}{79} \Pisymbol{knot3}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot3}{64} \Pisymbol{knot3}{80} \Pisymbol{knot3}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot3}{65} \Pisymbol{knot3}{81} \Pisymbol{knot3}{104}
\Pisymbol{knot3}{66} \Pisymbol{knot3}{82} \Pisymbol{knot3}{105}

(continued on next page)

195
(continued from previous page)

C \Pisymbol{knot3}{67} S \Pisymbol{knot3}{83}

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot4}{48} \Pisymbol{knot4}{68} \Pisymbol{knot4}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot4}{49} \Pisymbol{knot4}{69} \Pisymbol{knot4}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot4}{50} \Pisymbol{knot4}{70} \Pisymbol{knot4}{86}

4 H X
\Pisymbol{knot4}{51} \Pisymbol{knot4}{71} \Pisymbol{knot4}{87}

5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot4}{52} \Pisymbol{knot4}{72} \Pisymbol{knot4}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot4}{53} \Pisymbol{knot4}{73} \Pisymbol{knot4}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot4}{58} \Pisymbol{knot4}{74} \Pisymbol{knot4}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot4}{59} \Pisymbol{knot4}{75} \Pisymbol{knot4}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot4}{60} \Pisymbol{knot4}{76} \Pisymbol{knot4}{99}

> N e
\Pisymbol{knot4}{61} \Pisymbol{knot4}{77} \Pisymbol{knot4}{100}

? O f
\Pisymbol{knot4}{62} \Pisymbol{knot4}{78} \Pisymbol{knot4}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot4}{63} \Pisymbol{knot4}{79} \Pisymbol{knot4}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot4}{64} \Pisymbol{knot4}{80} \Pisymbol{knot4}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot4}{65} \Pisymbol{knot4}{81} \Pisymbol{knot4}{104}

C S
\Pisymbol{knot4}{66} \Pisymbol{knot4}{82} \Pisymbol{knot4}{105}
\Pisymbol{knot4}{67} \Pisymbol{knot4}{83}

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot5}{48} \Pisymbol{knot5}{68} \Pisymbol{knot5}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot5}{49} \Pisymbol{knot5}{69} \Pisymbol{knot5}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot5}{50} \Pisymbol{knot5}{70} \Pisymbol{knot5}{86}

4 H X
\Pisymbol{knot5}{51} \Pisymbol{knot5}{71} \Pisymbol{knot5}{87}

5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot5}{52} \Pisymbol{knot5}{72} \Pisymbol{knot5}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot5}{53} \Pisymbol{knot5}{73} \Pisymbol{knot5}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot5}{58} \Pisymbol{knot5}{74} \Pisymbol{knot5}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot5}{59} \Pisymbol{knot5}{75} \Pisymbol{knot5}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot5}{60} \Pisymbol{knot5}{76} \Pisymbol{knot5}{99}

> N e
\Pisymbol{knot5}{61} \Pisymbol{knot5}{77} \Pisymbol{knot5}{100}

? O f
\Pisymbol{knot5}{62} \Pisymbol{knot5}{78} \Pisymbol{knot5}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot5}{63} \Pisymbol{knot5}{79} \Pisymbol{knot5}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot5}{64} \Pisymbol{knot5}{80} \Pisymbol{knot5}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot5}{65} \Pisymbol{knot5}{81} \Pisymbol{knot5}{104}

C S
\Pisymbol{knot5}{66} \Pisymbol{knot5}{82} \Pisymbol{knot5}{105}
\Pisymbol{knot5}{67} \Pisymbol{knot5}{83}

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot6}{48} \Pisymbol{knot6}{68} \Pisymbol{knot6}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot6}{49} \Pisymbol{knot6}{69} \Pisymbol{knot6}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot6}{50} \Pisymbol{knot6}{70} \Pisymbol{knot6}{86}
\Pisymbol{knot6}{51} \Pisymbol{knot6}{71} \Pisymbol{knot6}{87}

(continued on next page)

196
(continued from previous page)

4 H X
5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot6}{52} \Pisymbol{knot6}{72} \Pisymbol{knot6}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot6}{53} \Pisymbol{knot6}{73} \Pisymbol{knot6}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot6}{58} \Pisymbol{knot6}{74} \Pisymbol{knot6}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot6}{59} \Pisymbol{knot6}{75} \Pisymbol{knot6}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot6}{60} \Pisymbol{knot6}{76} \Pisymbol{knot6}{99}

> N e
\Pisymbol{knot6}{61} \Pisymbol{knot6}{77} \Pisymbol{knot6}{100}

? O f
\Pisymbol{knot6}{62} \Pisymbol{knot6}{78} \Pisymbol{knot6}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot6}{63} \Pisymbol{knot6}{79} \Pisymbol{knot6}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot6}{64} \Pisymbol{knot6}{80} \Pisymbol{knot6}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot6}{65} \Pisymbol{knot6}{81} \Pisymbol{knot6}{104}

C S
\Pisymbol{knot6}{66} \Pisymbol{knot6}{82} \Pisymbol{knot6}{105}
\Pisymbol{knot6}{67} \Pisymbol{knot6}{83}

0 D T
1 E U
\Pisymbol{knot7}{48} \Pisymbol{knot7}{68} \Pisymbol{knot7}{84}

2 F V
\Pisymbol{knot7}{49} \Pisymbol{knot7}{69} \Pisymbol{knot7}{85}

3 G W
\Pisymbol{knot7}{50} \Pisymbol{knot7}{70} \Pisymbol{knot7}{86}

4 H X
\Pisymbol{knot7}{51} \Pisymbol{knot7}{71} \Pisymbol{knot7}{87}

5 I `
\Pisymbol{knot7}{52} \Pisymbol{knot7}{72} \Pisymbol{knot7}{88}

: J a
\Pisymbol{knot7}{53} \Pisymbol{knot7}{73} \Pisymbol{knot7}{96}

; K b
\Pisymbol{knot7}{58} \Pisymbol{knot7}{74} \Pisymbol{knot7}{97}

< L c
\Pisymbol{knot7}{59} \Pisymbol{knot7}{75} \Pisymbol{knot7}{98}

= M d
\Pisymbol{knot7}{60} \Pisymbol{knot7}{76} \Pisymbol{knot7}{99}

> N e
\Pisymbol{knot7}{61} \Pisymbol{knot7}{77} \Pisymbol{knot7}{100}

? O f
\Pisymbol{knot7}{62} \Pisymbol{knot7}{78} \Pisymbol{knot7}{101}

@ P g
\Pisymbol{knot7}{63} \Pisymbol{knot7}{79} \Pisymbol{knot7}{102}

A Q h
\Pisymbol{knot7}{64} \Pisymbol{knot7}{80} \Pisymbol{knot7}{103}

B R i
\Pisymbol{knot7}{65} \Pisymbol{knot7}{81} \Pisymbol{knot7}{104}

C S
\Pisymbol{knot7}{66} \Pisymbol{knot7}{82} \Pisymbol{knot7}{105}
\Pisymbol{knot7}{67} \Pisymbol{knot7}{83}

The following is an example of a basic knot, using

\usefont{U}{knot⟨number ⟩}{m}{n} to change fonts for multiple char-
acters instead of \Pisymbol to typeset one character at a time. Note that
all of the characters in the knot fonts lie conveniently within the range of
printable ASCII characters.
Input
CDB CDB CDB CDB CDB CDB CDB
knot1 knot2 knot3 knot4 knot5 knot6 knot7

FHG
@EA FHG
@EA FHG
@EA FHG
@EA FHG
@EA FHG
@EA FHG
CDB
FHG
@EA @EA
The niceframe package can be used to typeset decorative frames using fonts
such as knot, especially using characters 48–63 of each font variant.

197
 Table 505: dancers Dancing Men

\Pisymbol{dancers}{0} V \Pisymbol{dancers}{86} ¬ \Pisymbol{dancers}{172}

\Pisymbol{dancers}{1} W \Pisymbol{dancers}{87} ­ \Pisymbol{dancers}{173}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{2} X \Pisymbol{dancers}{88} ® \Pisymbol{dancers}{174}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{3} Y \Pisymbol{dancers}{89} ¯ \Pisymbol{dancers}{175}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{4} Z \Pisymbol{dancers}{90} ° \Pisymbol{dancers}{176}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{5} [ \Pisymbol{dancers}{91} ± \Pisymbol{dancers}{177}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{6} \ \Pisymbol{dancers}{92} ² \Pisymbol{dancers}{178}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{7} ] \Pisymbol{dancers}{93} ³ \Pisymbol{dancers}{179}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{8} ^ \Pisymbol{dancers}{94} ´ \Pisymbol{dancers}{180}
\Pisymbol{dancers}{9} _ \Pisymbol{dancers}{95} µ \Pisymbol{dancers}{181}

\Pisymbol{dancers}{10} ` \Pisymbol{dancers}{96} ¶ \Pisymbol{dancers}{182}

 \Pisymbol{dancers}{11} a \Pisymbol{dancers}{97} · \Pisymbol{dancers}{183}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{12} b \Pisymbol{dancers}{98} ¸ \Pisymbol{dancers}{184}
\Pisymbol{dancers}{13} c \Pisymbol{dancers}{99} ¹ \Pisymbol{dancers}{185}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{14} d \Pisymbol{dancers}{100} º \Pisymbol{dancers}{186}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{15} e \Pisymbol{dancers}{101} » \Pisymbol{dancers}{187}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{16} f \Pisymbol{dancers}{102} ¼ \Pisymbol{dancers}{188}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{17} g \Pisymbol{dancers}{103} ½ \Pisymbol{dancers}{189}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{18} h \Pisymbol{dancers}{104} ¾ \Pisymbol{dancers}{190}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{19} i \Pisymbol{dancers}{105} ¿ \Pisymbol{dancers}{191}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{20} j \Pisymbol{dancers}{106} À \Pisymbol{dancers}{192}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{21} k \Pisymbol{dancers}{107} Á \Pisymbol{dancers}{193}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{22} l \Pisymbol{dancers}{108} Â \Pisymbol{dancers}{194}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{23} m \Pisymbol{dancers}{109} Ã \Pisymbol{dancers}{195}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{24} n \Pisymbol{dancers}{110} Ä \Pisymbol{dancers}{196}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{25} o \Pisymbol{dancers}{111} Å \Pisymbol{dancers}{197}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{26} p \Pisymbol{dancers}{112} Æ \Pisymbol{dancers}{198}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{27} q \Pisymbol{dancers}{113} Ç \Pisymbol{dancers}{199}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{28} r \Pisymbol{dancers}{114} È \Pisymbol{dancers}{200}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{29} s \Pisymbol{dancers}{115} É \Pisymbol{dancers}{201}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{30} t \Pisymbol{dancers}{116} Ê \Pisymbol{dancers}{202}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{31} u \Pisymbol{dancers}{117} Ë \Pisymbol{dancers}{203}
\Pisymbol{dancers}{32} v \Pisymbol{dancers}{118} Ì \Pisymbol{dancers}{204}
! \Pisymbol{dancers}{33} w \Pisymbol{dancers}{119} Í \Pisymbol{dancers}{205}

(continued on next page)

198
(continued from previous page)
" \Pisymbol{dancers}{34}
# \Pisymbol{dancers}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{dancers}{36}
% \Pisymbol{dancers}{37}
& \Pisymbol{dancers}{38}
' \Pisymbol{dancers}{39}
( \Pisymbol{dancers}{40}
) \Pisymbol{dancers}{41}
* \Pisymbol{dancers}{42}
+ \Pisymbol{dancers}{43}
, \Pisymbol{dancers}{44}
- \Pisymbol{dancers}{45}
. \Pisymbol{dancers}{46}
/ \Pisymbol{dancers}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{dancers}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{dancers}{49}
2 \Pisymbol{dancers}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{dancers}{51}
4 \Pisymbol{dancers}{52}
5 \Pisymbol{dancers}{53}
6 \Pisymbol{dancers}{54}
7 \Pisymbol{dancers}{55}
8 \Pisymbol{dancers}{56}
9 \Pisymbol{dancers}{57}
: \Pisymbol{dancers}{58}
; \Pisymbol{dancers}{59}
< \Pisymbol{dancers}{60}
= \Pisymbol{dancers}{61}
> \Pisymbol{dancers}{62}
? \Pisymbol{dancers}{63}
@ \Pisymbol{dancers}{64}
A \Pisymbol{dancers}{65}
B \Pisymbol{dancers}{66}
C \Pisymbol{dancers}{67}
D \Pisymbol{dancers}{68}
x \Pisymbol{dancers}{120}
y \Pisymbol{dancers}{121}
z \Pisymbol{dancers}{122}
{ \Pisymbol{dancers}{123}
| \Pisymbol{dancers}{124}
} \Pisymbol{dancers}{125}
~ \Pisymbol{dancers}{126}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{127}
€ \Pisymbol{dancers}{128}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{129}
‚ \Pisymbol{dancers}{130}
ƒ \Pisymbol{dancers}{131}
„ \Pisymbol{dancers}{132}
… \Pisymbol{dancers}{133}
† \Pisymbol{dancers}{134}
‡ \Pisymbol{dancers}{135}
ˆ \Pisymbol{dancers}{136}
‰ \Pisymbol{dancers}{137}
Š \Pisymbol{dancers}{138}
‹ \Pisymbol{dancers}{139}
Π\Pisymbol{dancers}{140}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{141}
Ž \Pisymbol{dancers}{142}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{143}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{144}
‘ \Pisymbol{dancers}{145}
’ \Pisymbol{dancers}{146}
“ \Pisymbol{dancers}{147}
” \Pisymbol{dancers}{148}
• \Pisymbol{dancers}{149}
– \Pisymbol{dancers}{150}
— \Pisymbol{dancers}{151}
˜ \Pisymbol{dancers}{152}
™ \Pisymbol{dancers}{153}
š \Pisymbol{dancers}{154}
199
Î \Pisymbol{dancers}{206}
Ï \Pisymbol{dancers}{207}
Ð \Pisymbol{dancers}{208}
Ñ \Pisymbol{dancers}{209}
Ò \Pisymbol{dancers}{210}
Ó \Pisymbol{dancers}{211}
Ô \Pisymbol{dancers}{212}
Õ \Pisymbol{dancers}{213}
Ö \Pisymbol{dancers}{214}
× \Pisymbol{dancers}{215}
Ø \Pisymbol{dancers}{216}
Ù \Pisymbol{dancers}{217}
Ú \Pisymbol{dancers}{218}
Û \Pisymbol{dancers}{219}
Ü \Pisymbol{dancers}{220}
Ý \Pisymbol{dancers}{221}
Þ \Pisymbol{dancers}{222}
ß \Pisymbol{dancers}{223}
à \Pisymbol{dancers}{224}
á \Pisymbol{dancers}{225}
â \Pisymbol{dancers}{226}
ã \Pisymbol{dancers}{227}
ä \Pisymbol{dancers}{228}
å \Pisymbol{dancers}{229}
æ \Pisymbol{dancers}{230}
ç \Pisymbol{dancers}{231}
è \Pisymbol{dancers}{232}
é \Pisymbol{dancers}{233}
ê \Pisymbol{dancers}{234}
ë \Pisymbol{dancers}{235}
ì \Pisymbol{dancers}{236}
í \Pisymbol{dancers}{237}
î \Pisymbol{dancers}{238}
ï \Pisymbol{dancers}{239}
ð \Pisymbol{dancers}{240}
(continued on next page)
 (continued from previous page)

E \Pisymbol{dancers}{69} › \Pisymbol{dancers}{155} ñ \Pisymbol{dancers}{241}

F \Pisymbol{dancers}{70}
G \Pisymbol{dancers}{71}
H \Pisymbol{dancers}{72}
I \Pisymbol{dancers}{73}
J \Pisymbol{dancers}{74}
K \Pisymbol{dancers}{75}
L \Pisymbol{dancers}{76}
M \Pisymbol{dancers}{77}
N \Pisymbol{dancers}{78}
O \Pisymbol{dancers}{79}
P \Pisymbol{dancers}{80}
Q \Pisymbol{dancers}{81}
R \Pisymbol{dancers}{82}
S \Pisymbol{dancers}{83}
T \Pisymbol{dancers}{84}
U \Pisymbol{dancers}{85}
œ \Pisymbol{dancers}{156}
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{157}
ž \Pisymbol{dancers}{158}
Ÿ \Pisymbol{dancers}{159}
  \Pisymbol{dancers}{160}
¡ \Pisymbol{dancers}{161}
¢ \Pisymbol{dancers}{162}
£ \Pisymbol{dancers}{163}
¤ \Pisymbol{dancers}{164}
¥ \Pisymbol{dancers}{165}
¦ \Pisymbol{dancers}{166}
§ \Pisymbol{dancers}{167}
¨ \Pisymbol{dancers}{168}
© \Pisymbol{dancers}{169}
ª \Pisymbol{dancers}{170}
« \Pisymbol{dancers}{171}
ò \Pisymbol{dancers}{242}
ó \Pisymbol{dancers}{243}
ô \Pisymbol{dancers}{244}
õ \Pisymbol{dancers}{245}
ö \Pisymbol{dancers}{246}
÷ \Pisymbol{dancers}{247}
ø \Pisymbol{dancers}{248}
ù \Pisymbol{dancers}{249}
ú \Pisymbol{dancers}{250}
û \Pisymbol{dancers}{251}
ü \Pisymbol{dancers}{252}
ý \Pisymbol{dancers}{253}
þ \Pisymbol{dancers}{254}
ÿ \Pisymbol{dancers}{255}

Fans of Sherlock Holmes mysteries will recognize these glyphs as forming the
substitution cipher featured in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Adventure of the
Dancing Men (1903).

Table 506: semaphor Semaphore Alphabet

\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{34} t \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{116} ÿ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{184}

# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{36}
* \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{42}
. \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{46}
$0# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{48}
$1# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{49}
$2# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{50}
$3# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{51}
$4# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{52}
$5# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{53}
$6# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{54}
$7# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{55}
$8# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{56}
$9# \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{57}
u \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{117}
v \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{118}
w \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{119}
x \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{120}
y \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{121}
z \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{122}
˜ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{126}
Ă \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{128}
Ą \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{129}
Ć \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{130}
Č \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{131}
Ď \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{132}
Ě \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{133}
Ę \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{134}
ź \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{185}
ž \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{186}
ż \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{187}
À \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{192}
Á \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{193}
 \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{194}
à \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{195}
Ä \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{196}
Å \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{197}
Ç \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{199}
È \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{200}
É \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{201}
Ê \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{202}
Ë \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{203}

(continued on next page)

200
(continued from previous page)
A \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{65}
B \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{66}
C \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{67}
D \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{68}
E \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{69}
F \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{70}
G \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{71}
H \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{72}
I \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{73}
J \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{74}
K \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{75}
L \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{76}
M \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{77}
N \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{78}
O \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{79}
P \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{80}
Q \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{81}
R \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{82}
S \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{83}
T \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{84}
U \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{85}
V \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{86}
W \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{87}
X \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{88}
Y \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{89}
Z \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{90}
a \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{97}
b \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{98}
c \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{99}
d \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{100}
e \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{101}
f \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{102}
g \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{103}
h \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{104}
i \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{105}
j \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{106}
k \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{107}
l \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{108}
m \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{109}
n \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{110}
o \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{111}
p \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{112}
q \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{113}
r \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{114}
s \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{115}
Ğ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{135}
Ĺ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{136}
Ľ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{137}
Ł \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{138}
Ń \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{139}
Ň \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{140}
Ő \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{142}
Ŕ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{143}
Ř \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{144}
Ś \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{145}
Š \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{146}
Ş \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{147}
Ť \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{148}
Ţ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{149}
Ű \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{150}
Ů \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{151}
Ÿ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{152}
Ź \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{153}
Ž \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{154}
Ż \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{155}
İ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{157}
đ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{158}
ă \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{160}
ą \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{161}
ć \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{162}
č \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{163}
ď \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{164}
ě \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{165}
ę \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{166}
ğ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{167}
ĺ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{168}
ľ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{169}
ł \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{170}
ń \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{171}
ň \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{172}
ő \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{174}
ŕ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{175}
ř \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{176}
ś \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{177}
š \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{178}
ş \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{179}
ť \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{180}
ţ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{181}
ű \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{182}
ů \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{183}
201
Ì \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{204}
Í \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{205}
Î \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{206}
Ï \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{207}
Ñ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{209}
Ò \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{210}
Ó \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{211}
Ô \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{212}
Õ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{213}
Ö \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{214}
Ø \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{216}
Ù \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{217}
Ú \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{218}
Û \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{219}
Ü \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{220}
Ý \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{221}
à \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{224}
á \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{225}
â \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{226}
ã \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{227}
ä \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{228}
å \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{229}
ç \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{231}
è \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{232}
é \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{233}
ê \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{234}
ë \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{235}
ì \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{236}
í \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{237}
î \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{238}
ï \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{239}
ñ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{241}
ò \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{242}
ó \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{243}
ô \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{244}
õ \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{245}
ö \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{246}
ø \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{248}
ù \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{249}
ú \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{250}
û \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{251}
ü \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{252}
ý \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{253}
 semaphor provides a semaf.fd font-definition file. Instead of using pifont and
\Pisymbol to typeset a glyph, a document can select the semaphor fonts di-
rectly, although this does require putting \input{semaf.fd} in the document’s
preamble. For example, {\usefont{OT1}{smfp}{m}{n}Hello} will typeset
“Hello”. This can be useful for typesetting complete messages. Roman,
bold, monospace, slanted, and bold+slanted styles are all supported.

In addition, semaphor provides three variations of each font: a “person” version

(smfpr10), which is what is illustrated in the preceding table, a “pillar” version
(smfr10), which shows the flags on a pillar rather than being held by a person,
and an “empty” version (smfer10), which shows only the flags and no pillar
or person. Contrast these variations of the letter “H”:

H
(person)
vs. H
(pillar)
vs. H
(empty)

Table 507: cryst Crystallography Symbols

\Pisymbol{cryst}{0} ? \Pisymbol{cryst}{63} Š \Pisymbol{cryst}{138}

 \Pisymbol{cryst}{2}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{3}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{4}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{5}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{6}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{7}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{8}
\Pisymbol{cryst}{9}
@ \Pisymbol{cryst}{64}
A \Pisymbol{cryst}{65}
B \Pisymbol{cryst}{66}
K \Pisymbol{cryst}{75}
M \Pisymbol{cryst}{77}
N \Pisymbol{cryst}{78}
O \Pisymbol{cryst}{79}
P \Pisymbol{cryst}{80}
‹ \Pisymbol{cryst}{139}
Π\Pisymbol{cryst}{140}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{141}
Ž \Pisymbol{cryst}{142}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{143}
‘ \Pisymbol{cryst}{145}
“ \Pisymbol{cryst}{147}
” \Pisymbol{cryst}{148}

\Pisymbol{cryst}{10} Q \Pisymbol{cryst}{81} • \Pisymbol{cryst}{149}

 \Pisymbol{cryst}{12}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{15}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{20}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{21}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{22}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{24}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{25}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{27}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{28}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{29}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{30}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{31}
\Pisymbol{cryst}{32}
# \Pisymbol{cryst}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{cryst}{36}
% \Pisymbol{cryst}{37}
& \Pisymbol{cryst}{38}
' \Pisymbol{cryst}{39}
( \Pisymbol{cryst}{40}
) \Pisymbol{cryst}{41}
* \Pisymbol{cryst}{42}
+ \Pisymbol{cryst}{43}
R \Pisymbol{cryst}{82}
S \Pisymbol{cryst}{83}
T \Pisymbol{cryst}{84}
U \Pisymbol{cryst}{85}
W \Pisymbol{cryst}{87}
X \Pisymbol{cryst}{88}
Y \Pisymbol{cryst}{89}
_ \Pisymbol{cryst}{95}
a \Pisymbol{cryst}{97}
b \Pisymbol{cryst}{98}
c \Pisymbol{cryst}{99}
f \Pisymbol{cryst}{102}
g \Pisymbol{cryst}{103}
h \Pisymbol{cryst}{104}
i \Pisymbol{cryst}{105}
k \Pisymbol{cryst}{107}
l \Pisymbol{cryst}{108}
m \Pisymbol{cryst}{109}
p \Pisymbol{cryst}{112}
q \Pisymbol{cryst}{113}
x \Pisymbol{cryst}{120}
y \Pisymbol{cryst}{121}
202
› \Pisymbol{cryst}{155}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{157}
ž \Pisymbol{cryst}{158}
Ÿ \Pisymbol{cryst}{159}
¯ \Pisymbol{cryst}{175}
± \Pisymbol{cryst}{177}
² \Pisymbol{cryst}{178}
³ \Pisymbol{cryst}{179}
¹ \Pisymbol{cryst}{185}
» \Pisymbol{cryst}{187}
¼ \Pisymbol{cryst}{188}
½ \Pisymbol{cryst}{189}
à \Pisymbol{cryst}{195}
Å \Pisymbol{cryst}{197}
Æ \Pisymbol{cryst}{198}
Ç \Pisymbol{cryst}{199}
Ê \Pisymbol{cryst}{202}
Ë \Pisymbol{cryst}{203}
Ì \Pisymbol{cryst}{204}
Ò \Pisymbol{cryst}{210}
Ô \Pisymbol{cryst}{212}
Õ \Pisymbol{cryst}{213}
(continued on next page)
(continued from previous page)

, \Pisymbol{cryst}{44} { \Pisymbol{cryst}{123} Ü \Pisymbol{cryst}{220}

- \Pisymbol{cryst}{45}
/ \Pisymbol{cryst}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{cryst}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{cryst}{49}
2 \Pisymbol{cryst}{50}
7 \Pisymbol{cryst}{55}
9 \Pisymbol{cryst}{57}
: \Pisymbol{cryst}{58}
; \Pisymbol{cryst}{59}
< \Pisymbol{cryst}{60}
= \Pisymbol{cryst}{61}
> \Pisymbol{cryst}{62}
| \Pisymbol{cryst}{124}
} \Pisymbol{cryst}{125}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{127}
€ \Pisymbol{cryst}{128}
 \Pisymbol{cryst}{129}
‚ \Pisymbol{cryst}{130}
ƒ \Pisymbol{cryst}{131}
„ \Pisymbol{cryst}{132}
… \Pisymbol{cryst}{133}
‡ \Pisymbol{cryst}{135}
ˆ \Pisymbol{cryst}{136}
‰ \Pisymbol{cryst}{137}
Ý \Pisymbol{cryst}{221}
ß \Pisymbol{cryst}{223}
à \Pisymbol{cryst}{224}
æ \Pisymbol{cryst}{230}
ç \Pisymbol{cryst}{231}
è \Pisymbol{cryst}{232}
é \Pisymbol{cryst}{233}
ì \Pisymbol{cryst}{236}
ð \Pisymbol{cryst}{240}
ñ \Pisymbol{cryst}{241}
ò \Pisymbol{cryst}{242}
ó \Pisymbol{cryst}{243}

Table 508: dice Dice

1 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{49} e \Pisymbol{dice3d}{101} o \Pisymbol{dice3d}{111}

2 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{51}
4 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{52}
5 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{53}
6 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{54}
a \Pisymbol{dice3d}{97}
b \Pisymbol{dice3d}{98}
c \Pisymbol{dice3d}{99}
d \Pisymbol{dice3d}{100}
f \Pisymbol{dice3d}{102}
g \Pisymbol{dice3d}{103}
h \Pisymbol{dice3d}{104}
i \Pisymbol{dice3d}{105}
j \Pisymbol{dice3d}{106}
k \Pisymbol{dice3d}{107}
l \Pisymbol{dice3d}{108}
m \Pisymbol{dice3d}{109}
n \Pisymbol{dice3d}{110}
p \Pisymbol{dice3d}{112}
q \Pisymbol{dice3d}{113}
r \Pisymbol{dice3d}{114}
s \Pisymbol{dice3d}{115}
t \Pisymbol{dice3d}{116}
u \Pisymbol{dice3d}{117}
v \Pisymbol{dice3d}{118}
w \Pisymbol{dice3d}{119}
x \Pisymbol{dice3d}{120}

dice defines its symbols at a very small design size. The

glyphs shown above were scaled up by a factor of four using
\DeclareFontShape{U}{dice3d}{m}{n}{<-> s*[4] dice3d}{}.

An alternative to using \Pisymbol to select a die rotation is to rely on

some cleverness in the kerning tables provided by the dice font. The in-
dividual digits “1” through “6” each produce the corresponding (2D) die
face: {\usefont{U}{dice3d}{m}{n}2 2 1} produces “ 221 ”, for example.
When followed by a letter “a” through “d”, those pairs are kerned to pro-
duce a 3D die rotation with the digit specifying by the top face and the letter
specifying one of the four possible front faces, sorted by increasing value. For
example, {\usefont{U}{dice3d}{m}{n}2a 2b 1d} produces “ efd ”.

203
 Table 509: magic Trading Card Symbols
0 \Pisymbol{magic}{48} 6 \Pisymbol{magic}{54} R \Pisymbol{magic}{82}
1 \Pisymbol{magic}{49} 7 \Pisymbol{magic}{55} T \Pisymbol{magic}{84}
2 \Pisymbol{magic}{50} 8 \Pisymbol{magic}{56} U \Pisymbol{magic}{85}
3 \Pisymbol{magic}{51} 9 \Pisymbol{magic}{57} W \Pisymbol{magic}{87}
4 \Pisymbol{magic}{52} B \Pisymbol{magic}{66} X \Pisymbol{magic}{88}
5 \Pisymbol{magic}{53} G \Pisymbol{magic}{71} Z \Pisymbol{magic}{90}

The preceding symbols resemble those from Wizards of the Coast’s Magic:
The Gathering trading-card game. An alternative to entering sym-
bols numerically using \Pisymbol is to switch to the magic font with
\usefont{U}{magic}{m}{n} and employ the following mnemonic characters:

0–9 0–9 Circled numerals 0–9

B B Black magic symbol
G G Green magic symbol
R R Red magic symbol
T T Tap symbol (tilted “T” in a circle)
U U Blue magic symbol
W W White magic symbol
X X Circled “X” (for mana cost, e.g., Fireball)
Z Z Circled “10” (for mana cost, e.g., Aladdin’s Lamp)

Table 510: bartel-chess-fonts Chess Pieces and Chessboard Squares

\Pisymbol{fselch}{0} 7 \Pisymbol{fselch}{55} n \Pisymbol{fselch}{110}

\Pisymbol{fselch}{1}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{2}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{3}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{4}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{5}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{6}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{7}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{8}
\Pisymbol{fselch}{9}
8 \Pisymbol{fselch}{56}
9 \Pisymbol{fselch}{57}
: \Pisymbol{fselch}{58}
; \Pisymbol{fselch}{59}
< \Pisymbol{fselch}{60}
= \Pisymbol{fselch}{61}
> \Pisymbol{fselch}{62}
? \Pisymbol{fselch}{63}
@ \Pisymbol{fselch}{64}
o \Pisymbol{fselch}{111}
p \Pisymbol{fselch}{112}
q \Pisymbol{fselch}{113}
r \Pisymbol{fselch}{114}
s \Pisymbol{fselch}{115}
t \Pisymbol{fselch}{116}
u \Pisymbol{fselch}{117}
v \Pisymbol{fselch}{118}
w \Pisymbol{fselch}{119}

\Pisymbol{fselch}{10} A \Pisymbol{fselch}{65} x \Pisymbol{fselch}{120}

 \Pisymbol{fselch}{11} B \Pisymbol{fselch}{66} y \Pisymbol{fselch}{121}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{12}
\Pisymbol{fselch}{13}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{14}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{15}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{16}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{17}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{18}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{19}
C \Pisymbol{fselch}{67}
D \Pisymbol{fselch}{68}
E \Pisymbol{fselch}{69}
F \Pisymbol{fselch}{70}
G \Pisymbol{fselch}{71}
H \Pisymbol{fselch}{72}
I \Pisymbol{fselch}{73}
J \Pisymbol{fselch}{74}
204
z \Pisymbol{fselch}{122}
{ \Pisymbol{fselch}{123}
| \Pisymbol{fselch}{124}
} \Pisymbol{fselch}{125}
~ \Pisymbol{fselch}{126}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{127}
€ \Pisymbol{fselch}{128}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{129}
(continued on next page)
(continued from previous page)

 \Pisymbol{fselch}{20} K \Pisymbol{fselch}{75} ‚ \Pisymbol{fselch}{130}

 \Pisymbol{fselch}{21}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{22}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{23}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{24}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{25}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{26}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{27}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{28}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{29}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{30}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{31}
\Pisymbol{fselch}{32}
! \Pisymbol{fselch}{33}
" \Pisymbol{fselch}{34}
# \Pisymbol{fselch}{35}
$ \Pisymbol{fselch}{36}
% \Pisymbol{fselch}{37}
& \Pisymbol{fselch}{38}
' \Pisymbol{fselch}{39}
( \Pisymbol{fselch}{40}
) \Pisymbol{fselch}{41}
* \Pisymbol{fselch}{42}
+ \Pisymbol{fselch}{43}
, \Pisymbol{fselch}{44}
- \Pisymbol{fselch}{45}
. \Pisymbol{fselch}{46}
/ \Pisymbol{fselch}{47}
0 \Pisymbol{fselch}{48}
1 \Pisymbol{fselch}{49}
2 \Pisymbol{fselch}{50}
3 \Pisymbol{fselch}{51}
4 \Pisymbol{fselch}{52}
5 \Pisymbol{fselch}{53}
6 \Pisymbol{fselch}{54}
L \Pisymbol{fselch}{76}
M \Pisymbol{fselch}{77}
N \Pisymbol{fselch}{78}
O \Pisymbol{fselch}{79}
P \Pisymbol{fselch}{80}
Q \Pisymbol{fselch}{81}
R \Pisymbol{fselch}{82}
S \Pisymbol{fselch}{83}
T \Pisymbol{fselch}{84}
U \Pisymbol{fselch}{85}
V \Pisymbol{fselch}{86}
W \Pisymbol{fselch}{87}
X \Pisymbol{fselch}{88}
Y \Pisymbol{fselch}{89}
Z \Pisymbol{fselch}{90}
[ \Pisymbol{fselch}{91}
\ \Pisymbol{fselch}{92}
] \Pisymbol{fselch}{93}
^ \Pisymbol{fselch}{94}
_ \Pisymbol{fselch}{95}
` \Pisymbol{fselch}{96}
a \Pisymbol{fselch}{97}
b \Pisymbol{fselch}{98}
c \Pisymbol{fselch}{99}
d \Pisymbol{fselch}{100}
e \Pisymbol{fselch}{101}
f \Pisymbol{fselch}{102}
g \Pisymbol{fselch}{103}
h \Pisymbol{fselch}{104}
i \Pisymbol{fselch}{105}
j \Pisymbol{fselch}{106}
k \Pisymbol{fselch}{107}
l \Pisymbol{fselch}{108}
m \Pisymbol{fselch}{109}
ƒ \Pisymbol{fselch}{131}
„ \Pisymbol{fselch}{132}
… \Pisymbol{fselch}{133}
† \Pisymbol{fselch}{134}
‡ \Pisymbol{fselch}{135}
ˆ \Pisymbol{fselch}{136}
‰ \Pisymbol{fselch}{137}
Š \Pisymbol{fselch}{138}
‹ \Pisymbol{fselch}{139}
Π\Pisymbol{fselch}{140}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{141}
Ž \Pisymbol{fselch}{142}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{143}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{144}
‘ \Pisymbol{fselch}{145}
— \Pisymbol{fselch}{151}
 \Pisymbol{fselch}{157}
£ \Pisymbol{fselch}{163}
© \Pisymbol{fselch}{169}
¯ \Pisymbol{fselch}{175}
´ \Pisymbol{fselch}{180}
º \Pisymbol{fselch}{186}
À \Pisymbol{fselch}{192}
Æ \Pisymbol{fselch}{198}
Ì \Pisymbol{fselch}{204}
Ò \Pisymbol{fselch}{210}
Ø \Pisymbol{fselch}{216}
Þ \Pisymbol{fselch}{222}
ä \Pisymbol{fselch}{228}
ê \Pisymbol{fselch}{234}
ð \Pisymbol{fselch}{240}
ö \Pisymbol{fselch}{246}

In addition to the fselch font showcased above, bartel-chess-fonts also provides

a pkelch font which includes the same symbol set (minus some of the higher-
numbered characters) but drawn in a slightly different style.

bartel-chess-fonts provides the fselch and pkelch fonts in various sizes (op-
tically scaled). See “LATEX 2𝜀 Font Selection” [LAT00] for advice on how
to expose these sorts of fonts to LATEX using \DeclareFontFamily and
\DeclareFontShape.

205
10 Additional Information
Unlike the previous sections of this document, Section 10 does not contain new symbol tables. Rather,
it provides additional help in using the Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List. First, it draws attention to
symbol names used by multiple packages. Next, it provides some guidelines for finding symbols and gives
some examples regarding how to construct missing symbols out of existing ones. Then, it comments on
the spacing surrounding symbols in math mode. After that, it presents an ASCII and Latin 1 quick-
reference guide, showing how to enter all of the standard ASCII/Latin 1 symbols in LATEX. And finally,
it lists some statistics about this document itself.

10.1 Symbol Name Clashes

Unfortunately, a number of symbol names are not unique; they appear in more than one package.
Depending on how the symbols are defined in each package, LATEX will either output an error message
or replace an earlier-defined symbol with a later-defined symbol. Table 511 on the next page presents a
selection of name clashes that appear in this document.
Using multiple symbols with the same name in the same document—or even merely loading conflicting
symbol packages—can be tricky but, as evidenced by the existence of Table 511, not impossible. The
general procedure is to load the first package, rename the conflicting symbols, and then load the second
package. Examine the LATEX source for this document (symbols.tex) for examples of this and other
techniques for handling symbol conflicts. Note that symbols.tex’s \savesymbol and \restoresymbol
macros have been extracted into the savesym package, which can be downloaded from CTAN.
txfonts and pxfonts redefine a huge number of symbols—essentially, all of the symbols defined by
latexsym, textcomp, the various 𝒜ℳ𝒮 symbol sets, and LATEX 2𝜀 itself. Similarly, mathabx redefines a
vast number of math symbols in an attempt to improve their look. The txfonts, pxfonts, and mathabx
conflicts are not listed in Table 511 because they are designed to be compatible with the symbols they
replace. Table 512 on page 208 illustrates what “compatible” means in this context.
To use the new txfonts/pxfonts symbols without altering the document’s main font, merely reset the
default font families back to their original values after loading one of those packages:

\renewcommand\rmdefault{cmr}
\renewcommand\sfdefault{cmss}
\renewcommand\ttdefault{cmtt}

10.2 Resizing symbols

Mathematical symbols listed in this document as “variable-sized” are designed to stretch vertically.
Each variable-sized symbol comes in one or more basic sizes plus a variation comprising both stretchable
and nonstretchable segments. Table 513 on page 208 presents the symbols \} and \uparrow in their
default size, in their \big, \Big, \bigg, and \Bigg sizes, in an even larger size achieved using \left/
\right, and—for contrast—in a large size achieved by changing the font size using LATEX 2𝜀 ’s \fontsize
command. Because the symbols shown belong to the Computer Modern family, the type1cm package
needs to be loaded to support font sizes larger than 24.88 pt.
Note how \fontsize makes the symbol wider and thicker. (The graphicx package’s \scalebox
or \resizebox commands would produce a similar effect.) Also, the \fontsize-enlarged symbol is
vertically centered relative to correspondingly large text, unlike the symbols enlarged using \big et al.
or \left/\right, which all use the same math axis regardless of symbol size. However, \fontsize is
not limited to mathematical delimiters. Also, \scalebox and \resizebox are more robust to poorly
composed symbols (e.g., two symbols made to overlap by backspacing a fixed distance) but do not work
with every TEX backend and will produce jagged symbols when scaling a bitmapped font.
All variable-sized delimiters are defined (by the corresponding .tfm file) in terms of up to five seg-
ments, as illustrated by Figure 1 on page 208. The top, middle, and bottom segments are of a fixed
size. The top-middle and middle-bottom segments (which are constrained to be the same character) are
repeated as many times as necessary to achieve the desired height.

10.3 Where can I find the symbol for . . . ?

If you can’t find some symbol you’re looking for in this document, there are a few possible explanations:

206
 Table 511: Symbol Name Clashes

Symbol LATEX 2𝜀 𝒜ℳ𝒮 stmaryrd wasysym mathabx marvosym bbding ifsym dingbat wsuipa
\baro  <
\bigtriangledown ▽
`
\bigtriangleup △
a

\checkmark X D
\Circle 5
\Cross
#
† * 

207
\ggg ≫ Ï
\Letter B
\lightning
\Lightning 

E
\lll ≪ Î
\Square  f 0
\Sun @ À 
\TriangleDown o 3
\TriangleUp n 1
 Table 512: Example of a Benign Name Clash

Default txfonts
Symbol (Computer Modern) (Times Roman)

R R R
\textrecipe “ “

Table 513: Sample resized delimiters

Symbol Default size \big \Big \bigg \Bigg \left / \right \fontsize

\} }
}︀ }︁ }︂ }︃
⎫
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎬
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎭
}
\uparrow ↑
⌃
⎮
⌃
⎮
⎮
⌃
⎮
⎮
⎮
⌃
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⌃
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
⎮
↑
⎫
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎫ top
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
top-middle (extensible)
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
middle
⎪
⎪
⎬ ⎬
−→
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎪ middle-bottom (extensible)
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ⎭ bottom
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎭

Figure 1: Implementation of variable-sized delimiters

208
 • The symbol isn’t intuitively named. As a few examples, the ifsym command to draw dice is “\Cube”;
a plus sign with a circle around it (“exclusive or” to computer engineers) is “\oplus”; and lightning
bolts in fonts designed by German speakers may have “blitz” in their names as in the ulsy package.
The moral of the story is to be creative with synonyms when searching the index.

• The symbol is defined by some package that I overlooked (or deemed unimportant). If there’s some
symbol package that you think should be included in the Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List, please
send me e-mail at the address listed on the title page.
• The symbol isn’t defined in any package whatsoever.

Even in the last case, all is not lost. Sometimes, a symbol exists in a font, but there is no LATEX
binding for it. For example, the PostScript Symbol font contains a “↵” symbol, which may be useful
for representing a carriage return, but there is no package (as far as I know) for accessing that symbol.
To produce an unnamed symbol, you need to switch to the font explicitly with LATEX 2𝜀 ’s low-level
font commands [LAT00] and use TEX’s primitive \char command [Knu86a] to request a specific character
number in the font. For example, one can define a command to typeset a long s (“ ſ ”) using character 115
from the Latin Modern fonts in the TS1 font encoding:

\newcommand{\textlongs}{{%
\fontencoding{TS1}\fontfamily{lmr}\selectfont\char115%
}}

Then, “\textlongs ucce\textlongs sful” will produce “ſucceſsful”—in the current font style (roman,
italic, bold, etc.)

X
In fact, \char is not strictly necesssary in all cases; the character can often be entered symbolically.
For example, the symbol for an impulse train or Tate-Shafarevich group (“ ”) is actually an uppercase
sha in the Cyrillic alphabet. (Cyrillic is supported by the OT2 font encoding, for instance). While a sha
can be defined numerically as “{\fontencoding{OT2}\selectfont\char88}” it may be more intuitive
to use the OT2 font encoding’s “SH” ligature: “{\fontencoding{OT2}\selectfont SH}”. Another
possibility is to use the T2A font encoding’s \CYRSH command: “{\fontencoding{T2A}\selectfont
\CYRSH}”.
For the specific case of the U font encoding, which is used for symbol or “pi” fonts, the pifont package
defines a convenient \Pisymbol command. \Pisymbol typesets a specified character (by number) in a
specified font family. For example, “\Pisymbol{psy}{191}” produces the aforementioned “↵” symbol
by typesetting character number 191 in the psy (PostScript Symbol) font family.

Reflecting and rotating existing symbols

A common request on comp.text.tex is for a reversed or rotated version of an existing symbol. As
a last resort, these effects can be achieved with the graphicx (or graphics) package’s \reflectbox
and \rotatebox macros. For example, \textsuperscript{\reflectbox{?}} produces an irony
mark (“ ? ”), and \rotatebox[origin=c]{180}{$\iota$} produces the definite-description opera-
tor (“ ”). As noted by Marc Olschok in a July 2011 post on comp.text.tex, Project Gutenberg uses
𝜄
\reflectbox to typeset the part (“3”) and whole (“3”) relations used in Dedekind’s set notation:

\newcommand\partof{\mathrel{\raisebox{0.45ex}{$\mathfrak{3}$}}}
\newcommand\wholeof{\mathrel{\reflectbox{$\partof$}}}

The disadvantage of the graphicx/graphics approach is that not every TEX backend handles graphical
transformations.5 Far better is to find a suitable font that contains the desired symbol in the correct
orientation. For instance, if the phonetic package is available, then \textit{\riota} will yield a backend-
independent “ ”. Similarly, tipa’s \textrevepsilon (“3”) or wsuipa’s \revepsilon (“”) may be used
to express the mathematical notion of “such that” in a cleaner manner than with \reflectbox or
\rotatebox.6
5 As an example, Xdvi ignores both \reflectbox and \rotatebox.
6 More common symbols for representing “such that” include “|”, “:”, and “s.t.”.

209
Joining and overlapping existing symbols
Symbols that do not exist in any font can sometimes be fabricated out of existing symbols. The LATEX 2𝜀
source file fontdef.dtx contains a number of such definitions. For example, \models (see Table 87 on
page 46) is defined in that file with:

\def\models{\mathrel|\joinrel=}

where \mathrel and \joinrel are used to control the horizontal spacing. \def is the TEX primitive
upon which LATEX’s \newcommand is based. See The TEXbook [Knu86a] for more information on all three
of those commands.
With some simple pattern-matching, one can easily define a backward \models sign (“=|”):

\def\ismodeledby{=\joinrel\mathrel|}

In general, arrows/harpoons, horizontal lines (“=”, “-”, “\relbar”, and “\Relbar”), and the various
math-extension characters can be combined creatively with miscellaneous other characters to produce a
variety of new symbols. Of course, new symbols can be composed from any set of existing characters.
For instance, LATEX defines \hbar (“~”) as a “¯” character (\mathchar’26) followed by a backspace of
9 math units (\mkern-9mu), followed by the letter “ℎ”:

\def\hbar{{\mathchar’26\mkern-9muh}}

We can just as easily define other barred letters:

\def\bbar{{\mathchar’26\mkern-9mu b}}
\def\dbar{{\mathchar’26\mkern-12mu d}}

(The space after the “mu” is optional but is added for clarity.) \bbar and \dbar define “¯
𝑏” and “¯
𝑑”,
respectively. Note that \dbar requires a greater backward math kern than \bbar; a −9 mu kern would
have produced the less-attractive “¯
𝑑” glyph.
The amsmath package provides \overset and \underset commands for placing one symbol respec-
𝐺
tively above or below another. For example, \overset{G}{\sim}7 produces “∼” (sometimes used for
“equidecomposable with respect to 𝐺”).
Sometimes an ordinary tabular environment can be co-opted into juxtaposing existing symbols
into a new symbol. Consider the following definition of \asterism (“** * ”) from a June 2007 post to
comp.text.tex by Peter Flynn:

\newcommand{\asterism}{\smash{%
\raisebox{-.5ex}{%
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{-.5pt}%
\begin{tabular}{@{}cc@{}}%
\multicolumn2c*\\[-2ex]*&*%
\end{tabular}}}}

Note how the space between columns (\tabcolsep) and rows (\\[. . . ]) is made negative to squeeze the
asterisks closer together.

There is a TEX primitive called \mathaccent that centers one mathematical symbol atop another.
·
For example, one can define \dotcup (“∪”)—the composition of a \cup and a \cdot—as follows:

\newcommand{\dotcup}{\ensuremath{\mathaccent\cdot\cup}}

The catch is that \mathaccent requires the accent to be a “math character”. That is, it must be a charac-
ter in a math font as opposed to a symbol defined in terms of other symbols. See The TEXbook [Knu86a]
for more information.
Another TEX primitive that is useful for composing symbols is \vcenter. \vcenter is conceptually
similar to “\begin{tabular}{l}” in LATEX but takes a list of vertical material instead of \\-separated
rows. Also, it vertically centers the result on the math axis. (Many operators, such as “+” and “−”
are also vertically centered on the math axis.) Enrico Gregorio posted the following symbol definition to
comp.text.tex in March 2004 in response to a query about an alternate way to denote equivalence:
7L
AT
EX’s \stackrel command is similar but is limited to placing a symbol above a binary relation.

210
 \newcommand*{\threesim}{%
\mathrel{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip
\hbox{$\sim$}\vskip-.35ex\hbox{$\sim$}\vskip-.35ex\hbox{$\sim$}}}}
The \threesim symbol, which vertically centers three \sim (“∼”) symbols with 0.35 𝑥-heights of space
between them, is rendered as “∼ ∼
∼”. \offinterlineskip is a macro that disables implicit interline
spacing. Without it, \threesim would have a full line of vertical spacing between each \sim. Because
of \vcenter, \threesim aligns properly with other math operators: 𝑎 ÷ 𝑏 ∼ ∼
∼ 𝑐 × 𝑑.
A related LATEX command, borrowed from Plain TEX, is \ooalign. \ooalign vertically overlaps
symbols and works both within and outside of math mode. Essentially, it creates a single-column
tabular environment with zero vertical distance between rows. However, because it is based directly on
TEX’s \ialign primitive, \ooalign uses TEX’s tabular syntax instead of LATEX’s (i.e., with \cr as the
row terminator instead of \\). The following example of \ooalign, a macro that defines a standard-
state symbol (\stst, “−
∘
∘ ”),8 is due to an October 2007
”) as a superscripted Plimsoll line (\barcirc, “−
comp.text.tex post by Donald Arseneau:
\makeatletter
\providecommand\barcirc{\mathpalette\@barred\circ}
\def\@barred#1#2{\ooalign{\hfil$#1-$\hfil\cr\hfil$#1#2$\hfil\cr}}
\newcommand\stst{^{\protect\barcirc}}
\makeatother
In the preceding code, note the \ooalign call’s use of \hfil to horizontally center a minus sign (“−”)
and a \circ (“∘”).
As another example of \ooalign, consider the following code (due to Enrico Gregorio in a June 2007
post to comp.text.tex) that overlaps a \ni (“∋”) and two minus signs (“− −”) to produce “∋ −
−”, an
obscure variation on the infrequently used “3” symbol for “such that”discussed on page 209:
\newcommand{\suchthat}{%
\mathrel{\ooalign{$\ni$\cr\kern-1pt$-$\kern-6.5pt$-$}}}
The slashed package, although originally designed for producing Feynman slashed-character notation,
in fact facilitates the production of arbitrary overlapped symbols. The default behavior is to overwrite
a given character with “/”. For example, \slashed{D} produces “𝐷”. / However, the \declareslashed
command provides the flexibility to specify the mathematical context of the composite character (opera-
tor, relation, punctuation, etc., as will be discussed in Section 10.4), the overlapping symbol, horizontal
and vertical adjustments in symbol-relative units, and the character to be overlapped. Consider, for
example, the symbol for reduced quadrupole moment (“𝐼”). - This can be declared as follows:
\newcommand{\rqm}{{%
\declareslashed{}{\text{-}}{0.04}{0}{I}\slashed{I}}}
\declareslashed{·}{·}{·}{·}{I} affects the meaning of all subsequent \slashed{I} commands in the
same scope. The preceding definition of \rqm therefore uses an extra set of curly braces to limit that
scope to a single \slashed{I}. In addition, \rqm uses amstext’s \text macro (described on page 213) to
make \declareslashed use a text-mode hyphen (“-”) instead of a math-mode minus sign (“−”) and to
ensure that the hyphen scales properly in size in subscripts and superscripts. See slashed’s documentation
(located in slashed.sty itself) for a detailed usage description of the \slashed and \declareslashed
commands.
Somewhat simpler than slashed is the centernot package. centernot provides a single command,
\centernot, which, like \not, puts a slash over the subsequent mathematical symbol. However, instead
of putting the slash at a fixed location, \centernot centers the slash over its argument. \centernot
might be used, for example, to create a “does not imply” symbol:

̸=⇒ \not\Longrightarrow
vs.
̸
=⇒ \centernot\Longrightarrow

See the centernot documentation for more information.

8 While \barcirc illustrates how to combine symbols using \ooalign, the stmaryrd package’s \minuso command (Table 52

on page 28) provides a similar glyph (“

”) as a single, indivisible symbol.

211
Making new symbols work in superscripts and subscripts
To make composite symbols work properly within subscripts and superscripts, you may need to use
TEX’s \mathchoice primitive. \mathchoice evaluates one of four expressions, based on whether the
current math style is display, text, script, or scriptscript. (See The TEXbook [Knu86a] for a more
complete description.) For example, the following LATEX code—posted to comp.text.tex by Torsten
Bronger—composes a sub/superscriptable “⊥ ⊤” symbol out of \top and \bot (“⊤” and “⊥”):

\def\topbotatom#1{\hbox{\hbox to 0pt{$#1\bot$\hss}$#1\top$}}
\newcommand*{\topbot}{\mathrel{\mathchoice{\topbotatom\displaystyle}
{\topbotatom\textstyle}
{\topbotatom\scriptstyle}
{\topbotatom\scriptscriptstyle}}}

The following is another example that uses \mathchoice to construct symbols in different math
modes. The code defines a principal value integral symbol, which is an integral sign with a line through
it.

\def\Xint#1{\mathchoice
{\XXint\displaystyle\textstyle{#1}}%
{\XXint\textstyle\scriptstyle{#1}}%
{\XXint\scriptstyle\scriptscriptstyle{#1}}%
{\XXint\scriptscriptstyle\scriptscriptstyle{#1}}%
\!\int}
\def\XXint#1#2#3{{\setbox0=\hbox{$#1{#2#3}{\int}$}
\vcenter{\hbox{$#2#3$}}\kern-.5\wd0}}
\def\ddashint{\Xint=}
\def\dashint{\Xint-}

(The preceding code was taken verbatim from the UK TE∫︀X Users’ Group FAQ at http://www.tex.ac.uk/
faq.) \dashint
∫︀ produces a single-dashed integral sign (“−”), while \ddashint produces a double-dashed ∫︀
one (“ ”). The \Xint macro defined
=
∫︀ above can also be used to∫︀generate a wealth of ∫︀new integrals: “”
(\Xint\circlearrowright), “ ” (\Xint\circlearrowleft), “⊂” (\Xint\subset), “∞” (\Xint\infty),
and so forth.
LATEX 2𝜀 provides a simple wrapper for \mathchoice that sometimes helps produce terser sym-
bol definitions. The macro is called \mathpalette and it takes two arguments. \mathpalette in-
vokes the first argument, passing it one of “\displaystyle”, “\textstyle”, “\scriptstyle”, or
“\scriptscriptstyle”, followed by the second argument. \mathpalette is useful when a symbol macro
must know which math style is currently in use (e.g., to set it explicitly within an \mbox). Donald Arse-
neau posted the following \mathpalette-based definition of a probabilistic-independence symbol (“⊥ ⊥”)
to comp.text.tex in June 2000:

\newcommand\independent{\protect\mathpalette{\protect\independenT}{\perp}}
\def\independenT#1#2{\mathrel{\rlap{$#1#2$}\mkern2mu{#1#2}}}

The \independent macro uses \mathpalette to pass the \independenT helper macro both the current
math style and the \perp symbol. \independenT typesets \perp in the current math style, moves two
math units to the right, and finally typesets a second—overlapping—copy of \perp, again in the current
math style. \rlap, which enables text overlap, is described on the next page.
√
Some people like their square-root signs with a trailing “hook” (i.e., “ ”) as this helps visually
√ √
distinguish expressions like “ 3𝑥 ” from those like “ 3𝑥”. In March 2002, Dan Luecking posted a
\mathpalette-based definition of a hooked square-root symbol to comp.text.tex. This code was sub-
sequently refined by Max Dohse and Scott Pakin into the version shown below, which accepts a root as
an optional argument, for consistency with \sqrt.

\newcommand{\hksqrt}[2][]{\mathpalette\DHLhksqrt{[#1]{#2\,}}}
\def\DHLhksqrt#1#2{\setbox0=\hbox{$#1\sqrt#2$}\dimen0=\ht0
\advance\dimen0-0.2\ht0
\setbox2=\hbox{\vrule height\ht0 depth -\dimen0}%
{\box0\lower0.4pt\box2}}

212
Notice how \hksqrt uses \mathpalette to pass the current math style (\displaystyle, \textstyle,
etc.) to \DHLhksqrt as argument #1. \DHLhksqrt subsequently uses that style within an \hbox. The rest
of the code is simply using TEX primitives to position a hook of height 0.2 times the \sqrt height at the
right of the \sqrt. See The TEXbook [Knu86a] for more understanding of TEX “boxes” and “dimens”.
Sometimes, however, amstext’s \text macro is all that is necessary to make composite symbols
↘”) and
appear correctly in subscripts and superscripts, as in the following definitions of \neswarrow (“↗
\nwsearrow (“↖ ↘”):9

\newcommand{\neswarrow}{\mathrel{\text{$\nearrow$\llap{$\swarrow$}}}}
\newcommand{\nwsearrow}{\mathrel{\text{$\nwarrow$\llap{$\searrow$}}}}

\text resembles LATEX’s \mbox command but shrinks its argument appropriately when used within a
subscript or superscript. \llap (“left overlap”) and its counterpart, \rlap (“right overlap”), appear
frequently when creating composite characters. \llap outputs its argument to the left of the current
position, overlapping whatever text is already there. Similarly, \rlap overlaps whatever text would
normally appear to the right of its argument. For example, “A\llap{B}” and “\rlap{A}B” each produce
“AB”. However, the result of the former is the width of “A”, and the result of the latter is the width of
“B”—\llap{. . . } and \rlap{. . . } take up zero space.
In a June 2002 post to comp.text.tex, Donald Arseneau presented a general macro for aligning an
arbitrary number of symbols on their horizontal centers and vertical baselines:

\makeatletter
\def\moverlay{\mathpalette\mov@rlay}
\def\mov@rlay#1#2{\leavevmode\vtop{%
\baselineskip\z@skip \lineskiplimit-\maxdimen
\ialign{\hfil$#1##$\hfil\cr#2\crcr}}}
\makeatother

The \makeatletter and \makeatother commands are needed to coerce LATEX into accepting “@” as
part of a macro name. \moverlay takes a list of symbols separated by \cr (TEX’s equivalent of LATEX’s
\\). For example, the \topbot command defined on the previous page could have been expressed as
“\moverlay{\top\cr\bot}” and the \neswarrow command defined above could have been expressed as
“\moverlay{\nearrow\cr\swarrow}”.
The basic concept behind \moverlay’s implementation is that \moverlay typesets the given symbols
in a table that utilizes a zero \baselineskip. This causes every row to be typeset at the same vertical
position. See The TEXbook [Knu86a] for explanations of the TEX primitives used by \moverlay.

Modifying LATEX-generated symbols

Oftentimes, symbols composed in the LATEX 2𝜀 source code can be modified with minimal effort to
produce useful variations. For example, fontdef.dtx composes the \ddots symbol (see Table 261 on
page 107) out of three periods, raised 7 pt., 4 pt., and 1 pt., respectively:

\def\ddots{\mathinner{\mkern1mu\raise7\p@
\vbox{\kern7\p@\hbox{.}}\mkern2mu
\raise4\p@\hbox{.}\mkern2mu\raise\p@\hbox{.}\mkern1mu}}

\p@ is a LATEX 2𝜀 shortcut for “pt” or “1.0pt”. The remaining commands are defined in The
TEXbook [Knu86a]. To draw a version of \ddots with the dots going along the opposite diagonal,
we merely have to reorder the \raise7\p@, \raise4\p@, and \raise\p@:

\makeatletter
\def\revddots{\mathinner{\mkern1mu\raise\p@
\vbox{\kern7\p@\hbox{.}}\mkern2mu
\raise4\p@\hbox{.}\mkern2mu\raise7\p@\hbox{.}\mkern1mu}}
\makeatother

\revddots is essentially identical to the mathdots package’s \iddots command or the yhmath package’s
\adots command.
9 Note that if your goal is to typeset commutative diagrams or pushout/pullback diagrams, then you should probably

be using XY-pic.

213
Producing complex accents
Accents are a special case of combining existing symbols to make new symbols. While various tables in
this document show how to add an accent to an existing symbol, some applications, such as translit-
erations from non-Latin alphabets, require multiple accents per character. For instance, the creator of
pdfTEX writes his name as “Hàn Th´ ^e Thành”. The dblaccnt package enables LATEX to stack accents, as
in “H\‘an Th\’{\^e} Th\‘anh” (albeit not in the OT1 font encoding). In addition, the wsuipa package
defines \diatop and \diaunder macros for putting one or more diacritics or accents above or below a
given character. For example, \diaunder[{\diatop[\’|\=]}|\textsubdot{r}] produces “´r̄”. See the
wsuipa documentation for more information. ˙
The accents package facilitates the fabrication of accents in math mode. Its \accentset command
⋆
enables any character to be used as an accent. For instance, \accentset{\star}{f} produces “𝑓 ” and
𝑒
\accentset{e}{X} produces “𝑋”. \underaccent does the same thing, but places the accent beneath
the character. This enables constructs like \underaccent{\tilde}{V}, which produces “𝑉 ”. accents
provides other accent-related features as well; see the documentation for more information. ˜

Creating extensible symbols

A relatively simple example of creating extensible symbols stems from a comp.text.tex post by Donald
Arseneau (June 2003). The following code defines an equals sign that extends as far to the right as
possible, just like LATEX’s \hrulefill command:

\makeatletter
\def\equalsfill{$\m@th\mathord=\mkern-7mu
\cleaders\hbox{$\!\mathord=\!$}\hfill
\mkern-7mu\mathord=$}
\makeatother

TEX’s \cleaders and \hfill primitives are the key to understanding \equalsfill’s extensi-
bility. Essentially, \equalsfill repeats a box containing “=” plus some negative space un-
til it fills the maximum available horizontal space. \equalsfill is intended to be used
with LATEX’s \stackrel command, which stacks one mathematical expression (slightly re-
𝑎
duced in size) atop another. Hence, “\stackrel{a}{\rightarrow}” produces “→” and “X
definition
\stackrel{\text{definition}}{\hbox{\equalsfill}} Y” produces “𝑋 ======= 𝑌 ”.
If all that needs to extend are horizontal and vertical lines—as opposed to repeated symbols such
as the “=” in the previous example—LATEX’s array or tabular environments may suffice. Consider
the following code (due to a February 1999 comp.text.tex post by Donald Arseneau and subsequent
modifications by Billy Yu and Scott Pakin) for typesetting annuity and life-insurance symbols:

\DeclareRobustCommand{\actuarial}[2][]{%
\def\arraystretch{0}%
\setlength\arraycolsep{0.5pt}%
\setlength\arrayrulewidth{0.5pt}%
\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle#1#2$}%
\begin{array}[b]{*2{@{}>{\scriptstyle}c}|}
\cline{2-2}%
\rule[1.25pt]{0pt}{\ht0}%
#1 & #2%
\end{array}%
}

Using the preceding definition, one can type, e.g., “$a_{\actuarial{n}}$” to produce “𝑎𝑛 ” and
“$a_{\actuarial[x:]{n}}$” to produce “𝑎𝑥:𝑛 ”. This is similar in concept to how the actuarialangle
package defines its \actuarialangle command (Table 251).
A more complex example of composing accents is the following definition of extensible \overbracket,
\underbracket, \overparenthesis, and \underparenthesis symbols, taken from a May 2002
comp.text.tex post by Donald Arseneau:

\makeatletter
\def\overbracket#1{\mathop{\vbox{\ialign{##\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@}

214
 \downbracketfill\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@\nointerlineskip}
$\hfil\displaystyle{#1}\hfil$\crcr}}}\limits}
\def\underbracket#1{\mathop{\vtop{\ialign{##\crcr
$\hfil\displaystyle{#1}\hfil$\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@\nointerlineskip}
\upbracketfill\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@}}}}\limits}
\def\overparenthesis#1{\mathop{\vbox{\ialign{##\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@}
\downparenthfill\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@\nointerlineskip}
$\hfil\displaystyle{#1}\hfil$\crcr}}}\limits}
\def\underparenthesis#1{\mathop{\vtop{\ialign{##\crcr
$\hfil\displaystyle{#1}\hfil$\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@\nointerlineskip}
\upparenthfill\crcr\noalign{\kern3\p@}}}}\limits}
\def\downparenthfill{$\m@th\braceld\leaders\vrule\hfill\bracerd$}
\def\upparenthfill{$\m@th\bracelu\leaders\vrule\hfill\braceru$}
\def\upbracketfill{$\m@th\makesm@sh{\llap{\vrule\@height3\p@\@width.7\p@}}%
\leaders\vrule\@height.7\p@\hfill
\makesm@sh{\rlap{\vrule\@height3\p@\@width.7\p@}}$}
\def\downbracketfill{$\m@th
\makesm@sh{\llap{\vrule\@height.7\p@\@depth2.3\p@\@width.7\p@}}%
\leaders\vrule\@height.7\p@\hfill
\makesm@sh{\rlap{\vrule\@height.7\p@\@depth2.3\p@\@width.7\p@}}$}
\makeatother
Table 514 showcases these accents. The TEXbook [Knu86a] or another book on TEX primitives is indis-
pensible for understanding how the preceding code works. The basic idea is that \downparenthfill,
\upparenthfill, \downbracketfill, and \upbracketfill do all of the work; they output a left sym-
bol (e.g., \braceld [“⏞”] for \downparenthfill), a horizontal rule that stretches as wide as possi-
ble, and a right symbol (e.g., \bracerd [“ ”] for \downparenthfill). \overbracket, \underbracket,
\overparenthesis, and \underparenthesis merely create a table whose width is determined by the
given text, thereby constraining the width of the horizontal rules.

Table 514: Manually Composed Extensible Accents

⏞
𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overbracket{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐 \overparenthesis{abc}

𝑎𝑏𝑐 \underbracket{abc} 𝑎𝑏𝑐

⏟ \underparenthesis{abc}

Note that the simplewick package provides mechanisms for typesetting Wick contractions, which
utilize \overbracket- and \underbracket-like brackets of variable width and height (or depth). For ex-
ample, “\acontraction{}{A}{B}{C}\acontraction[2ex]{A}{B}{C}{D}\bcontraction{}{A}{BC}{D}
ABCD” produces

𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 .
See the simplewick documentation for more information.

Developing new symbols from scratch

Sometimes is it simply not possible to define a new symbol in terms of existing symbols. Fortunately,
most, if not all, TEX distributions are shipped with a tool called METAFONT which is designed specif-
ically for creating fonts to be used with TEX. The METAFONTbook [Knu86b] is the authoritative
text on METAFONT. If you plan to design your own symbols with METAFONT, The METAFONTbook
is essential reading. You may also want to read the freely available METAFONT primer located at
http://metafont.tutorial.free.fr/. The following is an extremely brief tutorial on how to create a
new LATEX symbol using METAFONT. Its primary purpose is to cover the LATEX-specific operations not
mentioned in The METAFONTbook and to demonstrate that symbol-font creation is not necessarily a
difficult task.
Suppose we need a symbol to represent a light bulb (“A”).10 The first step is to draw this in META-
FONT. It is common to separate the font into two files: a size-dependent file, which specifies the design
10 I’m not a very good artist; you’ll have to pretend that “A” looks like a light bulb.

215
size and various font-specific parameters that are a function of the design size; and a size-independent
file, which draws characters in the given size. Figure 2 shows the METAFONT code for lightbulb10.mf.
lightbulb10.mf specifies various parameters that produce a 10 pt. light bulb then loads lightbulb.mf.
Ideally, one should produce lightbulb⟨size⟩.mf files for a variety of ⟨size⟩s. This is called “optical
scaling”. It enables, for example, the lines that make up the light bulb to retain the same thickness
at different font sizes, which looks much nicer than the alternative—and default—“mechanical scaling”.
When a lightbulb⟨size⟩.mf file does not exist for a given size ⟨size⟩, the computer mechanically produces
a wider, taller, thicker symbol:

A
10 pt.
vs. A
20 pt.
vs. A
30 pt.
vs. A
40 pt.
vs. A50 pt.
vs. A A
60 pt.
vs.
70 pt.

font identifier := "LightBulb10"; % Name the font.

font size 10pt#; % Specify the design size.
em# := 10pt#; % “M” width is 10 points.
cap# := 7pt#; % Capital letter height is 7 points above the baseline.
sb# := 1/4pt#; % Leave this much space on the side of each character.
𝑜# := 1/16pt#; % Amount that curves overshoot borders.
input lightbulb % Load the file that draws the actual glyph.

Figure 2: Sample METAFONT size-specific file (lightbulb10.mf)

lightbulb.mf, shown in Figure 3, draws a light bulb using the parameters defined in
lightbulb10.mf. Note that the the filenames “lightbulb10.mf” and “lightbulb.mf” do not follow
the Berry font-naming scheme [Ber01]; the Berry font-naming scheme is largely irrelevant for symbol
fonts, which generally lack bold, italic, small-caps, slanted, and other such variants.
The code in Figures Figure 2 and Figure 3 is heavily commented and should demonstrate some of the
basic concepts behind METAFONT usage: declaring variables, defining points, drawing lines and curves,
and preparing to debug or fine-tune the output. Again, The METAFONTbook [Knu86b] is the definitive
reference on METAFONT programming.
METAFONT can produce “proofs” of fonts—large, labeled versions that showcase the logical struc-
ture of each character. In fact, proof mode is METAFONT’s default mode. To produce a proof of
lightbulb10.mf, issue the following commands at the operating-system prompt:

prompt > mf lightbulb10.mf ⇐ Produces lightbulb10.2602gf

prompt > gftodvi lightbulb10.2602gf ⇐ Produces lightbulb10.dvi

You can then view lightbulb10.dvi with any DVI viewer. The result is shown in Figure 4. Observe
how the grid defined with makegrid at the bottom of Figure 3 draws vertical lines at positions 0, sb,
𝑤/2, and 𝑤 − sb and horizontal lines at positions 0, −1pt, 𝑦2 , and ℎ. Similarly, observe how the penlabels
command labels all of the important coordinates: 𝑧1 , 𝑧2 , . . . , 𝑧8 and 𝑧67 , which lightbulb.mf defines to
lie between 𝑧6 and 𝑧7 .
Most, if not all, TEX distributions include a Plain TEX file called testfont.tex that is useful for
testing new fonts in a variety of ways. One useful routine produces a table of all of the characters in the
font:

prompt > tex testfont

This is TeX, Version 3.14159 (Web2C 7.3.1)
(/usr/share/texmf/tex/plain/base/testfont.tex
Name of the font to test = lightbulb10
Now type a test command (\help for help):)
*∖table

*∖bye

216
mode setup; % Target a given printer.
define pixels(em, cap, sb); % Convert to device-specific units.
define corrected pixels(𝑜); % Same, but add a device-specific fudge factor.
%% Define a light bulb at the character position for “A”
%% with width 1/2em#, height cap#, and depth 1pt#.
beginchar("A", 1/2em#, cap#, 1pt#); "A light bulb";
pickup pencircle scaled 1/2pt; % Use a pen with a small, circular tip.
%% Define the points we need.
top 𝑧1 = (𝑤/2, ℎ + 𝑜); % 𝑧1 is at the top of a circle.
rt 𝑧2 = (𝑤 + sb + 𝑜 − 𝑥4 , 𝑦4 ); % 𝑧2 is at the same height as 𝑧4 but the opposite side.
bot 𝑧3 = (𝑧1 − (0, 𝑤 − sb − 𝑜)); % 𝑧3 is at the bottom of the circle.
lft 𝑧4 = (sb − 𝑜, 1/2[𝑦1 , 𝑦3 ]); % 𝑧4 is on the left of the circle.
path bulb; % Define a path for the bulb itself.
bulb = 𝑧1 . . 𝑧2 . . 𝑧3 . . 𝑧4 . . cycle; % The bulb is a closed path.
𝑧5 = point 2 − 1/3 of bulb; % 𝑧5 lies on the bulb, a little to the right of 𝑧3 .
𝑧6 = (𝑥5 , 0); % 𝑧6 is at the bottom, directly under 𝑧5 .
𝑧7 = (𝑥8 , 0); % 𝑧7 is at the bottom, directly under 𝑧8 .
𝑧8 = point 2 + 1/3 of bulb; % 𝑧8 lies on the bulb, a little to the left of 𝑧3 .
bot 𝑧67 = ( 1/2[𝑥6 , 𝑥7 ], pen bot − 𝑜 − 1/8pt); % 𝑧67 lies halfway between 𝑧6 and 𝑧7 but a jot
lower.
%% Draw the bulb and the base.
draw bulb; % Draw the bulb proper.
draw 𝑧5 - - 𝑧6 . . 𝑧67 . . 𝑧7 - - 𝑧8 ; % Draw the base of the bulb.
%% Display key positions and points to help us debug.
makegrid(0, sb, 𝑤/2, 𝑤 − sb)(0, −1pt, 𝑦2 , ℎ); % Label “interesting” 𝑥 and 𝑦 coordinates.
penlabels(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 67, 7, 8); % Label control points for debugging.
endchar;
end

Figure 3: Sample METAFONT size-independent file (lightbulb.mf)

4 2

8 5
3

7 67 6

Figure 4: Proof diagram of lightbulb10.mf

217
 [1]
Output written on testfont.dvi (1 page, 1516 bytes).
Transcript written on testfont.log.

The resulting table, stored in testfont.dvi and illustrated in Figure 5, shows every character in the
font. To understand how to read the table, note that the character code for “A”—the only character
defined by lightbulb10.mf—is 41 in hexadecimal (base 16) and 101 in octal (base 8).

Test of lightbulb10 on March 11, 2003 at 1127

´0 ´1 ´2 ´3 ´4 ´5 ´6 ´7
´10x A
˝4x
´11x
˝8 ˝9 ˝A ˝B ˝C ˝D ˝E ˝F

Figure 5: Font table produced by testfont.tex

The LightBulb10 font is now usable by TEX. LATEX 2𝜀 , however, needs more information before
documents can use the font. First, we create a font-description file that tells LATEX 2𝜀 how to map fonts
in a given font family and encoding to a particular font in a particular font size. For symbol fonts,
this mapping is fairly simple. Symbol fonts almost always use the “U” (“Unknown”) font encoding
and frequently occur in only one variant: normal weight and non-italicized. The filename for a font-
description file important; it must be of the form “⟨encoding⟩⟨family⟩.fd”, where ⟨encoding⟩ is the
lowercase version of the encoding name (typically “u” for symbol fonts) and ⟨family⟩ is the name of
the font family. For LightBulb10, let’s call this “bulb”. Figure 6 lists the contents of ubulb.fd. The
document “LATEX 2𝜀 Font Selection” [LAT00] describes \DeclareFontFamily and \DeclareFontShape in
detail, but the gist of ubulb.fd is first to declare a U-encoded version of the bulb font family and then to
specify that a LATEX 2𝜀 request for a U-encoded version of bulb with a (m)edium font series (as opposed
to, e.g., bold) and a (n)ormal font shape (as opposed to, e.g., italic) should translate into a TEX request
for lightbulb10.tfm mechanically scaled to the current font size.

\DeclareFontFamily{U}{bulb}{}
\DeclareFontShape{U}{bulb}{m}{n}{<-> lightbulb10}{}

Figure 6: LATEX 2𝜀 font-description file (ubulb.fd)

The final step is to write a LATEX 2𝜀 style file that defines a name for each symbol in the font. Because
we have only one symbol our style file, lightbulb.sty (Figure 7), is rather trivial. Note that instead of
typesetting “A” we could have had \lightbulb typeset “\char65”, “\char"41”, or “\char’101” (respec-
tively, decimal, hexadecimal, and octal character offsets into the font). For a simple, one-character symbol
font such as LightBulb10 it would be reasonable to merge ubulb.fd into lightbulb.sty instead of main-
taining two separate files. In either case, a document need only include “\usepackage{lightbulb}” to
make the \lightbulb symbol available.

\newcommand{\lightbulb}{{\usefont{U}{bulb}{m}{n}A}}

Figure 7: LATEX 2𝜀 style file (lightbulb.sty)

METAFONT normally produces bitmapped fonts. However, it is also possible, with the help of some
external tools, to produce PostScript Type 1 fonts. These have the advantages of rendering better in
Adobe® Acrobat® (at least in versions prior to 6.0) and of being more memory-efficient when handled
by a PostScript interpreter. See http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=textrace for
pointers to tools that can produce Type 1 fonts from METAFONT.

218
10.4 Math-mode spacing
Terms such as “binary operators”, “relations”, and “punctuation” in Section 3 primarily regard the
surrounding spacing. (See the Short Math Guide for LATEX [Dow00] for a nice exposition on the
subject.) To use a symbol for a different purpose, you can use the TEX commands \mathord,
\mathop, \mathbin, \mathrel, \mathopen, \mathclose, and \mathpunct. For example, if you
want to use \downarrow as a variable (an “ordinary” symbol) instead of a delimiter, you can write
“$3 x + \mathord{\downarrow}$” to get the properly spaced “3𝑥+↓” rather than the awkward-looking
˙ that spaces like the ordinary set-union symbol
“3𝑥+ ↓”. Similarly, to create a dotted-union symbol (“∪”)
(\cup) it must be defined with \mathbin, just as \cup is. Contrast “$A \dot{\cup} B$” (“𝐴∪𝐵”) ˙ with
“$A \mathbin{\dot{\cup}} B$” (“𝐴 ∪˙ 𝐵”). See The TEXbook [Knu86a] for the definitive description
of math-mode spacing.
The purpose of the “log-like symbols” in Table 177 and Table 178 is to provide the correct amount
of spacing around and within multiletter function names. Table 515 contrasts the output of the log-
like symbols with various, naı̈ve alternatives. In addition to spacing, the log-like symbols also handle
subscripts properly. For example, “\max_{p \in P}” produces “max𝑝∈𝑃 ” in text, but “max” as part of
𝑝∈𝑃
a displayed formula.

Table 515: Spacing Around/Within Log-like Symbols

LATEX expression Output

$r \sin \theta$ 𝑟 sin 𝜃 (best)
$r sin \theta$ 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
$r \mbox{sin} \theta$ 𝑟sin𝜃
$r \mathrm{sin} \theta$ 𝑟sin𝜃

The amsmath package makes it straightforward to define new log-like symbols:

\DeclareMathOperator{\atan}{atan}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\lcm}{lcm}

The difference between \DeclareMathOperator and \DeclareMathOperator* involves the handling of

subscripts. With \DeclareMathOperator*, subscripts are written beneath log-like symbols in display
style and to the right in text style. This is useful for limit operators (e.g., \lim) and functions that
tend to map over a set (e.g., \min). In contrast, \DeclareMathOperator tells TEX that subscripts
should always be displayed to the right of the operator, as is common for functions that take a single
parameter (e.g., \log and \cos). Table 516 contrasts symbols declared with \DeclareMathOperator
and \DeclareMathOperator* in both text style ($. . .$) and display style (\[. . .\]).11

Table 516: Defining new log-like symbols

Declaration function $\newlogsym {p \in P}$ \[ \newlogsym {p \in P} \]

\DeclareMathOperator newlogsym𝑝∈𝑃 newlogsym𝑝∈𝑃
\DeclareMathOperator* newlogsym𝑝∈𝑃 newlogsym
𝑝∈𝑃

It is common to use a thin space (\,) between the words of a multiword operators, as in
“\DeclareMathOperator*{\argmax}{arg\,max}”. \liminf, \limsup, and all of the log-like symbols
shown in Table 178 utilize this spacing convention.

10.5 Bold mathematical symbols

LATEX does not normally use bold symbols when typesetting mathematics. However, bold sym-
bols are occasionally needed, for example when naming vectors. Any of the approaches described at
11 Note that \displaystyle can be used to force display style within $. . .$ and \textstyle can be used to force text style

within \[. . .\].

219
http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=boldgreek can be used to produce bold mathe-
matical symbols. Table 517 contrasts the output produced by these various techniques. As the table
illustrates, these techniques exhibit variation in their formatting of Latin letters (upright vs. italic), for-
matting of Greek letters (bold vs. normal), formatting of operators and relations (bold vs. normal), and
spacing.

Table 517: Producing bold mathematical symbols

Package Code Output

none $\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D$ 𝛼+𝑏=Γ÷𝐷 (no bold)
none $\mathbf{\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D}$ 𝛼+b=Γ÷D
none \boldmath$\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D$ 𝛼+𝑏=Γ÷𝐷
amsbsy $\pmb{\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D}$ 𝛼+𝑏=Γ÷𝐷 (faked bold)
amsbsy $\boldsymbol{\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D}$ 𝛼+𝑏=Γ÷𝐷
bm $\bm{\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D}$ 𝛼+𝑏=Γ÷𝐷
fixmath $\mathbold{\alpha + b = \Gamma \div D}$ 𝛼+𝑏=𝛤 ÷𝐷

10.6 ASCII and Latin 1 quick reference

Table 518 amalgamates data from various other tables in this document into a convenient reference
for LATEX 2𝜀 typesetting of ASCII characters, i.e., the characters available on a typical U.S. computer
keyboard. The first two columns list the character’s ASCII code in decimal and hexadecimal. The third
column shows what the character looks like. The fourth column lists the LATEX 2𝜀 command to typeset
the character as a text character. And the fourth column lists the LATEX 2𝜀 command to typeset the
character within a \texttt{. . .} command (or, more generally, when \ttfamily is in effect).

Table 518: LATEX 2𝜀 ASCII Table

Dec Hex Char Body text \texttt Dec Hex Char Body text \texttt
33 21 ! ! ! 62 3E > \textgreater >
34 22 " \textquotedbl " 63 3F ? ? ?
35 23 # \# \# 64 40 @ @ @
36 24 $ \$ \$ 65 41 A A A
37 25 % \% \% 66 42 B B B
38 26 & \& \& 67 43 C C C
.. .. .. .. ..
39 27 ’ ’ ’ . . . . .
40 28 ( ( ( 90 5A Z Z Z
41 29 ) ) ) 91 5B [ [ [
42 2A * * * 92 5C ∖ \textbackslash \char‘\\
43 2B + + + 93 5D ] ] ]
44 2C , , , 94 5E ^ \^{} \^{}
45 2D - - - 95 5F \_ \char‘\_
46 2E . . . 96 60 ‘ ‘ ‘
47 2F / / / 97 61 a a a
48 30 0 0 0 98 62 b b b
49 31 1 1 1 99 63 c c c
.. .. .. .. ..
50 32 2 2 2 . . . . .
.. .. .. .. ..
. . . . . 122 7A z z z
57 39 9 9 9 123 7B { \{ \char‘\{
58 3A : : : 124 7C | \textbar |
59 3B ; ; ; 125 7D } \} \char‘\}
60 3C < \textless < 126 7E ˜ \~{} \~{}
61 3D = = =

220
 The following are some additional notes about the contents of Table 518:

• “"” is not available in the OT1 font encoding.

• Table 518 shows a close quote for character 39 for consistency with the open quote shown for
character 96. A straight quote can be typeset using \textquotesingle (cf. Table 46).
• The characters “<”, “>”, and “|” do work as expected in math mode, although they produce,
respectively, “¡”, “¿”, and “—” in text mode when using the OT1 font encoding.12 The following
are some alternatives for typesetting “<”, “>”, and “|”:

– Specify a document font encoding other than OT1 (as described on page 11).
– Use the appropriate symbol commands from Table 2 on page 13, viz. \textless,
\textgreater, and \textbar.
– Enter the symbols in math mode instead of text mode, i.e., $<$, $>$, and $|$.

Note that for typesetting metavariables many people prefer \textlangle and \textrangle to
\textless and \textgreater; i.e., “⟨filename⟩” instead of “<filename>”.
• Although “/” does not require any special treatment, LATEX additionally defines a \slash command
which outputs the same glyph but permits a line break afterwards. That is, “increase/decrease”
is always typeset as a single entity while “increase\slash{}decrease” may be typeset with
“increase/” on one line and “decrease” on the next.
• \textasciicircum can be used instead of \^{}, and \textasciitilde can be used instead of
\~{}. Note that \textasciitilde and \~{} produce raised, diacritic tildes. “Text” (i.e., vertically
centered) tildes can be generated with either the math-mode \sim command (shown in Table 87
on page 46), which produces a somewhat wide “∼”, or the textcomp package’s \texttildelow
(shown in Table 46 on page 26), which produces a vertically centered “~” in most fonts but a
baseline-oriented “~” in Computer Modern, txfonts, pxfonts, and various other fonts originating
from the TEX world. If your goal is to typeset tildes in URLs or Unix filenames, your best bet is
to use the url package, which has a number of nice features such as proper line-breaking of such
names.
• The various \char commands within \texttt are necessary only in the OT1 font encoding. In
other encodings (e.g., T1), commands such as \{, \}, \_, and \textbackslash all work properly.
• The code page 437 (IBM PC) version of ASCII characters 1 to 31 can be typeset using the ascii
package. See Table 317 on page 122.
• To replace “‘” and “’” with the more computer-like (and more visibly distinct) “`” and “'” within
a verbatim environment, use the upquote package. Outside of verbatim, you can use \char18
and \char13 to get the modified quote characters. (The former is actually a grave accent.)

Similar to Table 518, Table 519 on the following page is an amalgamation of data from other tables
in this document. While Table 518 shows how to typeset the 7-bit ASCII character set, Table 519 shows
the Latin 1 (Western European) character set, also known as ISO-8859-1.
The following are some additional notes about the contents of Table 519:

• A “(tc)” after a symbol name means that the textcomp package must be loaded to access that
symbol. A “(T1)” means that the symbol requires the T1 font encoding. The fontenc package can
change the font encoding document-wide.
• Many of the \text. . . accents can also be produced using the accent commands shown in Ta-
ble 18 on page 19 plus an empty argument. For instance, \={} is essentially the same as
\textasciimacron.

• The commands in the “LATEX 2𝜀 ” columns work both in body text and within a \texttt{. . .}
command (or, more generally, when \ttfamily is in effect).
12 Donald Knuth didn’t think such symbols were important outside of mathematics so he omitted them from his text

fonts.

221
 Table 519: LATEX 2𝜀 Latin 1 Table

Dec Hex Char LATEX 2𝜀 Dec Hex Char LATEX 2𝜀

161 A1 ¡ !‘ 209 D1 Ñ \~{N}
162 A2 ¢ \textcent (tc) 210 D2 Ò \‘{O}
163 A3 $ \pounds 211 D3 Ó \’{O}
164 A4 ¤ \textcurrency (tc) 212 D4 O^ \^{O}
165 A5 ¥ \textyen (tc) 213 D5 Õ \~{O}
166 A6 ¦ \textbrokenbar (tc)
214 D6 Ö \"{O}
167 A7 § \S
215 D7 × \texttimes (tc)
168 A8 ¨ \textasciidieresis (tc)
216 D8 Ø \O
169 A9 © \textcopyright
217 D9 Ù \‘{U}
170 AA ª \textordfeminine
171 AB « \guillemotleft (T1) 218 DA Ú \’{U}
219 DB U^ \^{U}
172 AC ¬ \textlnot (tc)
173 AD - \- 220 DC Ü \"{U}
174 AE ® \textregistered 221 DD Ý \’{Y}
175 AF ¯ \textasciimacron (tc) 222 DE Þ \TH (T1)
176 B0 ° \textdegree (tc) 223 DF ß \ss
177 B1 ± \textpm (tc) 224 E0 à \‘{a}
178 B2 ² \texttwosuperior (tc) 225 E1 á \’{a}
179 B3 ³ \textthreesuperior (tc) 226 E2 ^a \^{a}
180 B4 ´ \textasciiacute (tc) 227 E3 ã \~{a}
181 B5 µ \textmu (tc) 228 E4 ä \"{a}
182 B6 ¶ \P 229 E5 å \aa
183 B7 · \textperiodcentered 230 E6 æ \ae
184 B8 ¸ \c{} 231 E7 ç \c{c}
185 B9 ¹ \textonesuperior (tc) 232 E8 è \‘{e}
186 BA º \textordmasculine 233 E9 é \’{e}
187 BB » \guillemotright (T1) 234 EA ^e \^{e}
188 BC ¼ \textonequarter (tc) 235 EB ë \"{e}
189 BD ½ \textonehalf (tc) 236 EC ı̀ \‘{ı}
190 BE ¾ \textthreequarters (tc) 237 ED ı́ \’{ı}
191 BF ¿ ?‘ 238 EE ^ı \^{ı}
192 C0 À \‘{A} 239 EF ı̈ \"{ı}
193 C1 Á \’{A} 240 F0 ð \dh (T1)
194 C2 ^
A \^{A} 241 F1 ñ \~{n}
242 F2 ò \‘{o}
195 C3 Ã \~{A}
243 F3 ó \’{o}
196 C4 Ä \"{A}
244 F4 ^o \^{o}
197 C5 Å \AA 245 F5 õ \~{o}
198 C6 Æ \AE 246 F6 ö \"{o}
199 C7 Ç \c{C} 247 F7 ÷ \textdiv (tc)
200 C8 È \‘{E} 248 F8 ø \o
201 C9 É \’{E} 249 F9 ù \‘{u}
202 CA ^
E \^{E} 250 FA ú \’{u}
203 CB Ë \"{E} 251 FB u^ \^{u}
204 CC Ì \‘{I} 252 FC ü \"{u}
205 CD Í \’{I} 253 FD ý \’{y}
206 CE ^I \^{I} 254 FE þ \th (T1)
207 CF Ï \"{I} 255 FF ÿ \"{y}
208 D0 Ð \DH (T1)

222
 • The “$” and “$” glyphs occupy the same slot (36) of the OT1 font encoding, with “$” appearing
in italic fonts and “$” appearing in roman fonts. A problem with LATEX’s default handling of
this double-mapping is that “{\sffamily\slshape\pounds}” produces “$”, not “£”. Other font
encodings use separate slots for the two characters and are therefore robust to the problem of
“$”/”$” conflicts. Authors who use \pounds should select a font encoding other than OT1 (as
explained on page 11) or use the textcomp package, which redefines \pounds to use the TS1 font
encoding.
• Character 173, \-, is shown as “-” but is actually a discretionary hyphen; it appears only at the
end of a line.
Microsoft® Windows® normally uses a superset of Latin 1 called “Code Page 1252” or “CP1252”
for short. CP1252 introduces symbols in the Latin 1 “invalid” range (characters 128–159). Table 520
presents the characters with which CP1252 augments the standard Latin 1 table.

Table 520: LATEX 2𝜀 Code Page 1252 Table

Dec Hex Char LATEX 2𝜀 Dec Hex Char LATEX 2𝜀

128 80 € \texteuro (tc) 145 91 ‘ ‘
130 82 ‚ \quotesinglbase (T1) 146 92 ’ ’
131 83 f \textit{f} 147 93 “ ‘‘
132 84 „ \quotedblbase (T1) 148 94 ” ’’
133 85 ... \dots 149 95 • \textbullet
134 86 † \dag 150 96 – --
135 87 ‡ \ddag 151 97 — ---
136 88 ^ \textasciicircum 152 98 ˜ \textasciitilde
137 89 ‰ \textperthousand (tc) 153 99 ™ \texttrademark
138 8A Š \v{S} 154 9A š \v{s}
139 8B ‹ \guilsinglleft (T1) 155 9B › \guilsinglright (T1)
140 8C Œ \OE 156 9C œ \oe
142 8E Ž \v{Z} 158 9E ž \v{z}
159 9F Ÿ \"{Y}

The following are some additional notes about the contents of Table 520:
• As in Table 519, a “(tc)” after a symbol name means that the textcomp package must be loaded to
access that symbol. A “(T1)” means that the symbol requires the T1 font encoding. The fontenc
package can change the font encoding document-wide.
• Not all characters in the 128–159 range are defined.
• Look up “euro signs” in the index for alternatives to \texteuro.
While too large to incorporate into this document, a listing of ISO 8879:1986 SGML/XML character
entities and their LATEX equivalents is available from http://www.bitjungle.com/isoent/. Some of the
characters presented there make use of isoent, a LATEX 2𝜀 package (available from the same URL) that
fakes some of the missing ISO glyphs using the LATEX picture environment.13

10.7 Unicode characters

Unicode is a “universal character set”—a standard for encoding (i.e., assigning unique numbers to) the
symbols appearing in many of the world’s languages. While ASCII can represent 128 symbols and Latin 1
can represent 256 symbols, Unicode can represent an astonishing 1,114,112 symbols.
Because TEX and LATEX predate the Unicode standard and Unicode fonts by almost a decade, support
for Unicode has had to be added to the base TEX and LATEX systems. Note first that LATEX distinguishes
between input encoding—the characters used in the .tex file—and output encoding—the characters that
appear in the generated .dvi, .pdf, etc. file.
13 isoent is not featured in this document, because it is not available from CTAN and because the faked symbols are not

“true” characters; they exist in only one size, regardless of the body text’s font size.

223
Inputting Unicode characters
To include Unicode characters in a .tex file, load the ucs package and load the inputenc package with the
utf8x (“UTF-8 extended”) option.14 These packages enable LATEX to translate UTF-8 sequences to LATEX
commands, which are subsequently processed as normal. For example, the UTF-8 text “Copyright ©
2015”—“©” is not an ASCII character and therefore cannot be input directly without packages such as
ucs/inputenc—is converted internally by inputenc to “Copyright \textcopyright{} 2015” and therefore
typeset as “Copyright © 2015”.
The ucs/inputenc combination supports only a tiny subset of Unicode’s million-plus sym-
bols. Additional symbols can be added manually using the \DeclareUnicodeCharacter command.
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter takes two arguments: a Unicode number and a LATEX command to exe-
cute when the corresponding Unicode character is encountered in the input. For example, the Uni-
code character “degree celsius” (“ ℃ ”) appears at character position U+2103.15 However, “ ℃ ” is
not one of the characters that ucs and inputenc recognize. The following document shows how to use
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter to tell LATEX that the “ ℃ ” character should be treated as a synonym for
\textcelsius:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{ucs}
\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}

\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{"2103}{\textcelsius} % Enable direct input of U+2103.

\begin{document}
It was a balmy 21℃.
\end{document}

which produces
It was a balmy 21℃.
See the ucs documentation for more information and for descriptions of the various options that
control ucs’s behavior.

Outputting Unicode characters

Orthogonal to the ability to include Unicode characters in a LATEX input file is the ability to include a
given Unicode character in the corresponding output file. By far the easiest approach is to use XELATEX
instead of pdfLATEX or ordinary LATEX. XELATEX handles Unicode input and output natively and can
utilize system fonts directly without having to expose them via .tfm, .fd, and other such files. To
output a Unicode character, a XELATEX document can either include that character directly as UTF-8
text or use TEX’s \char primitive, which XELATEX extends to accept numbers larger than 255.
Suppose we want to output the symbols for versicle (“ ”) and response (“ ”) in a document. The
Unicode charts list “versicle” at position U+2123 and “response” at position U+211F. We therefore
need to install a font that contains those characters at their proper positions. One such font that
is freely available from CTAN is Junicode (Junicode.ttf) from the junicode package. The fontspec
package makes it easy for a XELATEX document to utilize a system font. The following example defines
a \textjuni command that uses fontspec to typeset its argument in Junicode:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}

\newcommand{\textjuni}[1]{{\fontspec{Junicode}#1}}

\begin{document}
We use ‘‘\textjuni{\char"2123}’’ for a versicle
and ‘‘\textjuni{\char"211F}’’ for a response.
\end{document}
14 UTF-8 is the 8-bit Unicode Transformation Format, a popular mechanism for representing Unicode symbol numbers

as sequences of one to four bytes.

15 The Unicode convention is to express character positions as “U+⟨hexadecimal number ⟩”.

224
which produces

We use “ ” for a versicle and “ ” for a response.

(Typesetting the entire document in Junicode would be even easier. See the fontspec documentation
for more information regarding font selection.) Note how the preceding example uses \char to specify
a Unicode character by number. The double quotes before the number indicate that the number is
represented in hexadecimal instead of decimal.

10.8 About this document

History David Carlisle wrote the first version of this document in October, 1994. It originally contained
all of the native LATEX symbols (Table 50, Table 71, Table 87, Table 137, Table 177, Table 180, Table 214,
Table 215, Table 228, Table 236, Table 286, and a few tables that have since been reorganized) and was
designed to be nearly identical to the tables in Chapter 3 of Leslie Lamport’s book [Lam86]. Even the
table captions and the order of the symbols within each table matched! The 𝒜ℳ𝒮 symbols (Table 51,
Table 88, Table 89, Table 140, Table 141, Table 181, Table 190, Table 208, and Table 287) and an initial
Math Alphabets table (Table 299) were added thereafter. Later, Alexander Holt provided the stmaryrd
tables (Table 52, Table 73, Table 90, Table 143, Table 173, and Table 209).
In January, 2001, Scott Pakin took responsibility for maintaining the symbol list and has since
implemented a complete overhaul of the document. The result, now called, “The Comprehensive LATEX
Symbol List”, includes the following new features:

• the addition of a handful of new math alphabets, dozens of new font tables, and thousands of new
symbols
• the categorization of the symbol tables into body-text symbols, mathematical symbols, science and
technology symbols, dingbats, ancient languages, and other symbols, to provide a more user-friendly
document structure
• an index, table of contents, hyperlinks, and a frequently-requested symbol list, to help users quickly
locate symbols
• symbol tables rewritten to list the symbols in alphabetical order
• appendices providing additional information relevant to using symbols in LATEX
• tables showing how to typeset all of the characters in the ASCII and Latin 1 font encodings

Furthermore, the internal structure of the document has been completely altered from David Carlisle’s
original version. Most of the changes are geared towards making the document easier to extend, modify,
and reformat.

Build characteristics Table 521 on the next page lists some of this document’s build characteris-
tics. Most important is the list of packages that LATEX couldn’t find, but that symbols.tex oth-
erwise would have been able to take advantage of. Complete, prebuilt versions of this document
are available from CTAN (http://www.ctan.org/ or one of its many mirror sites) in the directory
tex-archive/info/symbols/comprehensive. Table 522 shows the package date (specified in the
.sty file with \ProvidesPackage) for each package that was used to build this document and that
specifies a package date. Packages are not listed in any particular order in either Table 521 or Table 522.

225
 Table 521: Document Characteristics
Characteristic Value
Source file: symbols.tex
Build date: November 30, 2015
Symbols documented: 14032
Packages included: textcomp latexsym amssymb stmaryrd euscript
wasysym pifont manfnt bbding undertilde ifsym tipa
tipx extraipa wsuipa phonetic ulsy ar metre txfonts
mathabx fclfont skak ascii dingbat skull eurosym esvect
yfonts yhmath esint mathdots trsym universa upgreek
overrightarrow chemarr chemarrow nath trfsigns
mathtools phaistos arcs vietnam t4phonet holtpolt
semtrans dictsym extarrows protosem harmony hieroglf
cclicenses mathdesign arev MnSymbol fdsymbol boisik
cmll extpfeil keystroke fge turnstile simpsons epsdice
feyn staves igo colonequals shuffle fourier dozenal
pmboxdraw pigpen clock teubner linearA linearb
cypriot sarabian china2e harpoon steinmetz milstd
recycle DotArrow ushort hhcount ogonek combelow
musixtex ccicons adfsymbols adforn bigints soyombo
tfrupee knitting textgreek begriff frege abraces
CountriesOfEurope cookingsymbols prodint epiolmec
mdwmath rsfso fontawesome stix hands greenpoint
nkarta astrosym webomints moonphase dancers
semaphor umranda umrandb cryst starfont tikzsymbols
dice apl go magic bartel-chess-fonts actuarialangle
lilyglyphs knot bclogo bullcntr rubikcube svrsymbols
accents nicefrac bm junicode mathrsfs chancery
urwchancal calligra bbold mbboard dsfont bbm
Packages omitted: none

Table 522: Package versions used in the preparation of this document

Name Date Name Date Name Date

textcomp 2005/09/27 latexsym 1998/08/17 amssymb 2013/01/14
stmaryrd 1994/03/03 euscript 2009/06/22 wasysym 2003/10/30
pifont 2005/04/12 manfnt 1999/07/01 bbding 1999/04/15
undertilde 2000/08/08 ifsym 2000/04/18 tipa 2002/08/08
tipx 2003/01/01 wsuipa 1994/07/16 ar 2012/01/23
metre 2001/12/05 txfonts 2008/01/22 mathabx 2003/07/29
skak 2013/07/18 ascii 2006/05/30 dingbat 2001/04/27
skull 2002/01/23 eurosym 1998/08/06 yfonts 2003/01/08
mathdots 2014/06/11 trsym 2000/06/25 universa 98/08/01
upgreek 2003/02/12 chemarr 2006/02/20 mathtools 2015/11/12
phaistos 2004/04/23 arcs 2004/05/09 t4phonet 2004/06/01
semtrans 1998/02/10 dictsym 2004/07/26 extarrows 2008/05/15
protosem 2005/03/18 harmony 2007/05/04 hieroglf 2015/06/02
cclicenses 2005/05/20 MnSymbol 2007/01/21 fdsymbol 2011/11/01
boisik 2009/08/21 extpfeil 2009/10/31 keystroke 2010/04/23
fge 2015/05/19 turnstile 2007/06/23 epsdice 2007/02/15
feyn 2009/10/08 colonequals 2006/08/01 shuffle 2008/10/27
dozenal 2015/01/29 pmboxdraw 2011/03/24 pigpen 2008/12/07
clock 2001/04/10 teubner 2015/10/25 linearA 2006/03/13

(continued on next page)

226
 (continued from previous page)

Name Date Name Date Name Date

linearb 2005/06/22 cypriot 2009/05/22 sarabian 2005/11/12
china2e 1997/06/01 harpoon 1994/11/02 steinmetz 2009/06/14
milstd 2009/06/25 DotArrow 2007/02/12 ushort 2001/06/13
hhcount 1995/03/31 ogonek 95/07/17 combelow 2010/05/02
musixtex 2001/07/08 ccicons 2013/04/16 adforn 2010/07/25
bigints 2010/02/15 soyombo 1996/09/01 tfrupee 2010/12/15
knitting 2010/08/29 textgreek 2011/10/09 frege 2012/08/04
abraces 2012/08/24 CountriesOfEurope 2012/04/18 cookingsymbols 2014/12/28
epiolmec 2003/11/05 mdwmath 1996/04/11 fontawesome 2015/07/30
stix 2015/04/17 starfont 2010/09/29 tikzsymbols 2015/10/13
bclogo 2011/07/06 bullcntr 2007/04/02 rubikcube 2015/09/25
svrsymbols 2015/09/01 accents 2006/05/12 nicefrac 1998/08/04
bm 2014/10/28 calligra 2012/04/10

10.9 Copyright and license

The Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List
Copyright © 2015, Scott Pakin

This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the LATEX Project Public License,
either version 1.3c of this license or (at your option) any later version. The latest version of this license
is in

http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt

and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LATEX version 2006/05/20 or later.

This work has the LPPL maintenance status “maintained”.

The current maintainer of this work is Scott Pakin.

227
References
[AMS99] American Mathematical Society. User’s Guide for the amsmath Package (Version 2.0), De-
cember 13, 1999. Available from ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/doc/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf.
[Ber01] Karl Berry. Fontname: Filenames for TEX fonts, June 2001. Available from http://
www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/fontname.

[Che97] Raymond Chen. A METAFONT of ‘Simpsons’ characters. Baskerville, 4(4):19, September

1997. ISSN 1354-5930. Available from http://tug.ctan.org/usergrps/uktug/baskervi/
4 4/bask4 4.ps.
[Dow00] Michael Downes. Short math guide for LATEX, July 19, 2000. Version 1.07. Available from
http://www.ams.org/tex/short-math-guide.html.

[Gib97] Jeremy Gibbons. Hey—it works! TUGboat, 18(2):75–78, June 1997. Available from http://
www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-2/tb55works.pdf.
[Gre09] Enrico Gregorio. Appunti di programmazione in LATEX e TEX, second edition, June 2009.
Available from http://profs.sci.univr.it/~gregorio/introtex.pdf.

[Knu86a] Donald E. Knuth. The TEXbook, volume A of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, USA, 1986.
[Knu86b] Donald E. Knuth. The METAFONTbook, volume C of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-
Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986.
[Lam86] Leslie Lamport. LATEX: A document preparation system. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA,
1986.
[LAT98] LATEX3 Project Team. A new math accent. LATEX News. Issue 9, June 1998. Available
from http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/doc/ltnews09.pdf (also included in
many TEX distributions).
[LAT00] LATEX3 Project Team. LATEX 2𝜀 font selection, January 30, 2000. Available from http://
www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/doc/fntguide.pdf (also included in many TEX
distributions).

228
Index
If you’re having trouble locating a symbol, try looking under “T” for “\text. . .”. Many text-mode commands
begin with that prefix. Also, accents are shown over/under a gray box (e.g., “ á ” for “\’”).
Some symbol entries appear to be listed repeatedly. This happens when multiple packages define identical
(or nearly identical) glyphs with the same symbol name.16

Symbols \= (ā) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 accents . 19–24, 100–105, 107,

\" (ä) ......... ...... 19 \={} (¯) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 149, 214–215
\# (#) ........ . . . 13, 220 | (∣) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 acute (á) . . . 19–23, 100
RR
\$ ($) ......... 13, 14, 220 RR any character as . . . . 214
\$ ($) ......... ...... 14 | ( RR) . . ............. 95 arc (a) . . 19–22, 102–104
||
\% (%) ........ . . . 13, 220 breve (ă) . . . 19–23, 100
| ( ||) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
\& (&) ........ 13, 33, 220 | caron (ǎ) 19, 23, 100, 104
| (|)| . . . . . . . . 46, 94, 96, 99
\’ (á) ......... ...... 19 cedilla (¸) . . . . . . . . 19
( (() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
( (() . ......... ...... 94 circumflex (^ a) 19–21, 100,
) ()) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
102, 103
( (() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 / (/) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
comma-below (a, ) . . . 23
( [ ([) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
\_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Cyrillic breve ( a) . . . 19
(( ) ............... 98 Cyrillic flex (a) . . . . . 19
\_ ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 221
\{ ({) . . . . . . . . . . 13, 14, 94 Cyrillic umlaut ( a) . . 19
) ()) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 diæresis (ä) . . 19, 22, 23,
\{ ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
) ()) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 \} (}) . . . . . . . . . . 13, 14, 94 100, 117
) \} (}) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 dot (ȧ or . ) . 19–21, 100
] (]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 double acute (a̋) . . 19, 23
)( ) ............... 98 double grave ( a) . . . . 19
\‘ (à) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\~ (ã) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 extensible 102–105, 107,
* (*) . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 29
\~{} (˜) . . . . . . . . . . 13, 221 214–215
\, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 219
grave (à) . . . 19–23, 100
\- (-) . . . . . . . . . . . 222, 223
A háček . see accents, caron
\. (ȧ) . . . . . . . . . . . .... 19
a (esvect package option) . 104 hook (ả) . . . . . . . . . 19
/ (/) . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 94
\a (×) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Hungarian umlaut . . see
/ (/) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 \AA (Å) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 accents, double acute
/ \aa (å) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 inverted breve ( a) . . . 19
/( ) .............. 98 \AAaleph (A) . . . . . . . . . 138 kroužek see accents, ring
\AAayin (O) . . . . . . . . . . 138 macron (ā) . . . 19, 22–24,
\: ( ..) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \AAbeth (B)
== . . . . . . . . . . 138 100, 102, 104
.
\; ( ..) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \AAcht (ˇ “ ˇ “ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 149 multiple per character 20–
\AAdaleth (D) . . . . . . . . . 138 21, 214
< (⟨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 \AAhe (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 ogonek ( ˛) . . . . . . 19–23
⟨ \AAhelmet (V) . . . . . . . . 138 ring (å) . 19–21, 23, 100,
<( ) ............... 98 \AAheth (h) . . . . . . . . . . 138 101
\AAkaph (K) . . . . . . . . . . 138 Romanian comma-belo ac-
..
\? ( ..) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \AAlamed (L) . . . . . . . . . 138 cent . . . . . see accents,
[ ([) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 \Aaleph (a) . . . . . . . . . . 138 comma-below
⎡⎢ trema . . . . . see accents,
[ ( ⎢⎢⎢) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
\AApe (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
[⎣ \AAqoph (Q) . . . . . . . . . . 138 diæresis
\AAresh (R) . . . . . . . . . . 138 umlaut . . . . see accents,
[( ) ............... 98 diæresis
\AAsade (X) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Aayin (o) . . . . . . . . . . . 138 accents (package) . . . 100, 214,
\\ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
\AAyod (Y) . . . . . . . . . . . 138 226, 227
] (]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
⎤⎥ \AB (|) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \accentset . . . . . . . . . . . 214
] ( ⎥⎥⎥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 \Abeth (b) . . . . . . . . . . . 138 accidentals see musical symbols
]⎦ abraces (package) 105, 226, 227 accordion notation . . . . . . 152
]( ) ............... 98 absolute value see \lvert and \accordionBayanBass ( ) 152
\rvert
\^ (^
a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 abzüglich see \textdiscount \accordionDiscant ( ) . 152
\^{} (^) . . . . . . . . . . 13, 221 \AC (:) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 \accordionFreeBass ( ) 152
\| (‖) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 \ac (ð) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \accordionOldEE ( ) .. . 152
\| (‖) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94, 96 \acarc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \accordionPull ( ) . . .. . 152
\| (a
¿) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 \acbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \accordionPush ( ) . . .. . 152
16 This occurs frequently between amssymb and mathabx, for example.

229
\accordionStdBass ( ) 152 \adfarrownw2 (P) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{24} (X) . . . . . 131
\accurrent (⏦) . . . . . . . 114 \adfarrownw3 (X) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{25} (Y) . . . . . 131
\adfarrownw4 (h) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{26} (Z) . . . . 131
\Acht (ˇ “( )== . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 \adfarrownw5 (p) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{27} (a) . . . . . 136
\AchtBL ( ˇ “ )== . . . . . . . . . . 149 \adfarrownw6 (x) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{28} (b) . . . . . 136
\AchtBR ( ˇ “ ) . . . . . . . . . . 149 \adfarrows1 (E) . . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{29} (c) . . . . . 136
\acidfree (♾) . . . . . . . . 111 \adfarrows2 (M) . . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{30} (d) . . . . . 136
\ACK (␆) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \adfarrows3 (U) . . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{31} (e) . . . . . 136
\acontraction . . . . . . . . 215 \adfarrows4 (e) . . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{32} (f) . . . . . 136
\AcPa (? ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 \adfarrows5 (m) . . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{33} (g) . . . . . 136
\actuarial ( ) . . . . . . . . 214 \adfarrows6 (u) . . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{34} (h) . . . . . 136
actuarial symbols . . 105, 214 \adfarrowse1 (D) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{41} (o) . . . . . 136
actuarialangle (package) . 105, \adfarrowse2 (L) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{42} (p) . . . . . 136
214, 226 \adfarrowse3 (T) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{43} (q) . . . . . 136
\actuarialangle . . . . . . 214 \adfarrowse4 (d) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{44} (r) . . . . . 136
\actuarialangle ( ) . . . 105 \adfarrowse5 (l) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{45} (s) . . . . . 136
\acute ( ́ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \adfarrowse6 (t) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{46} (t) . . . . . 136
\acute (´) . . . . . . . . . . . 100 \adfarrowsw1 (F) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{47} (u) . . . . . 136
acute (á) . . . . . . . see accents \adfarrowsw2 (N) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{48} (v) . . . . . 136
\acutus (á) . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \adfarrowsw3 (V) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{49} (w) . . . . . 136
\acwcirclearrow (⥀) . . . 81 \adfarrowsw4 (f) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{50} (x) . . . . . 136
\acwcirclearrowdown (⟲) 75 \adfarrowsw5 (n) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{51} (y) . . . . . 136
\acwcirclearrowleft (↺) 75 \adfarrowsw6 (v) . .. . . . 126 \adfbullet{52} (z) . . . . . 136
\acwcirclearrowright (±) 75 \adfarroww1 (G) . . .. . . . 126 \adfclosedflourishleft (C)
\acwcirclearrowup (®) . 75 \adfarroww2 (O) . . .. . . . 126 . . . . . . . 137
\acwgapcirclearrow (⟲) 76 \adfarroww3 (W) . .. . . . 126 \adfclosedflourishright
\acwgapcirclearrow (⟲) 81 \adfarroww4 (g) . . .. . . . 126 (c) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\acwleftarcarrow (⤹) . . . 75 \adfarroww5 (o) . . .. . . . 126 \adfdiamond (=) . . . . . . . 137
\acwleftarcarrow (⤹) . . . 81 \adfarroww6 (w) . . .. . . . 126 \adfdoubleflourishleft (D)
\acwnearcarrow (¡) . . . . 75 \adfast{1} (0) . . . .. . . . 131 . . . . . . . 137
\acwnwarcarrow (¢) . . . . 75 \adfast{2} (1) . . . .. . . . 131 \adfdoubleflourishright
\acwopencirclearrow (↺) 76 \adfast{3} (2) . . . .. . . . 131 (d) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\acwopencirclearrow (↺) 82, \adfast{4} (3) . . . .. . . . 131 \adfdoublesharpflourishleft
133 \adfast{5} (4) . . . .. . . . 131 (I) . . . . . . . . . . . 137
\acwoverarcarrow (⤺) . . 75 \adfast{6} (5) . . . .. . . . 131 \adfdoublesharpflourishright
\acwoverarcarrow (⤺) . . 81 \adfast{7} (6) . . . .. . . . 131 (i) . . . . . . . . . . . 137
\acwrightarcarrow () . . 75 \adfast{8} (7) . . . .. . . . 131 \adfdownhalfleafleft (r) 132
\acwsearcarrow (⤴) . . . . 75 \adfast{9} (8) . . . .. . . . 131 \adfdownhalfleafright (R) . .
\acwswarcarrow (⤷) . . . . 75 \adfast{10} (9) . . .. . . . 131 . . . . . . . 132
\acwunderarcarrow (⤻) . 75 \adfbullet (•) . . . .. . . . 137 \adfdownleafleft (x) . . 132
\acwunderarcarrow (⤻) . 81 \adfbullet{1} (A) . .. . . . 131 \adfdownleafright (X) . 132
\Adaleth (d) . . . . . . . . . 138 \adfbullet{2} (B) .. . . . 131 \adfflatdownhalfleafleft
adeles (A) see alphabets, math \adfbullet{3} (C) .. . . . 131 (l) . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrow . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{4} (D) . .. . . . 129 \adfflatdownhalfleafright
\adfarrowe1 (C) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{5} (E) . .. . . . 129 (L) . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrowe2 (K) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{6} (F) . .. . . . 129 \adfflatdownoutlineleafleft
\adfarrowe3 (S) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{7} (G) . .. . . . 129 (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrowe4 (c) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{8} (H) .. . . . 129 \adfflatdownoutlineleafright
\adfarrowe5 (k) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{9} (I) . .. . . . 129 (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrowe6 (s) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{10} (J) .. . . . 129 \adfflatleafleft (u) . . 132
\adfarrown1 (I) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{11} (K) .. . . . 131 \adfflatleafoutlineleft
\adfarrown2 (Q) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{12} (L) .. . . . 131 (n) . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrown3 (Y) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{13} (M) .. . . . 131 \adfflatleafoutlineright
\adfarrown4 (i) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{14} (N) . . . . 131 (N) . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrown5 (q) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{15} (O) .. . . . 131 \adfflatleafright (U) . 132
\adfarrown6 (y) . . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{16} (P) . . . . 131 \adfflatleafsolidleft (v)
\adfarrowne1 (J) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{17} (Q) . . . . 131 . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrowne2 (R) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{18} (R) . . . . 131 \adfflatleafsolidright (V)
\adfarrowne3 (Z) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{19} (S) . . . . 131 . . . . . . . 132
\adfarrowne4 (j) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{20} (T) .. . . . 131 \adfflourishleft (E) . . 137
\adfarrowne5 (r) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{21} (U) .. . . . 131 \adfflourishleftdouble
\adfarrowne6 (z) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{22} (V) . . . . 131 (F) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfarrownw1 (H) . . . . . . 126 \adfbullet{23} (W) . . . . 131 \adfflourishright (e) . 137

230
\adfflourishrightdouble
(f) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfflowerleft (q) . . . 132
\adfflowerright (Q) . . 132
\adfgee (¶) . . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfhalfarrowleft (B) . . 126
\adfhalfarrowleftsolid (b)
. . . . . . . 126
\adfhalfarrowright (A) . 126
\adfhalfarrowrightsolid (a)
. . . . . . . 126
\adfhalfleafleft (<) . . 132
\adfhalfleafright (>) . . 132
\adfhalfleftarrow ({) . . 127
\adfhalfleftarrowhead (() . .
. . . . . . . 127
\adfhalfrightarrow (}) . 127
\adfhalfrightarrowhead ()) .
. . . . . . . 127
\adfhangingflatleafleft (s)
. . . . . . . 132
\adfhangingflatleafright
(S) . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfhangingleafleft (T) 132
\adfhangingleafright (t) 132
\adfleafleft (w) . . . . . . 132
\adfleafright (W) . . . . . 132
\adfleftarrowhead ([) . . 127
\adfopenflourishleft (B) .
. . . . . . . 137
\adfopenflourishright (b)
. . . . . . . 137
adforn (package) 127, 131, 132,
137, 226, 227
\adfoutlineleafleft (o) 132
\adfoutlineleafright (O) . .
. . . . . . . 132
\adfrightarrowhead (]) . 127
\adfS (§) . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfsharpflourishleft (H) .
. . . . . . . 137
\adfsharpflourishright (h)
. . . . . . . 137
\adfsickleflourishleft (J)
. . . . . . . 137
\adfsickleflourishright
(j) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfsingleflourishleft (G)
. . . . . . . 137
\adfsingleflourishright
(g) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfsmallhangingleafleft
(z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfsmallhangingleafright
(Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
\adfsmallleafleft (y) . 132
\adfsmallleafright (Y) . 132
\adfsolidleafleft (p) . . 132
\adfsolidleafright (P) . 132
\adfsquare (|) . . . . . . . . 137
adfsymbols (package) 126, 129,
131, 136, 226
\adftripleflourishleft
(K) . . . . . . . . . . 137
\adftripleflourishright
(k) . . . . . . . . . 137
\adfwavesleft (A) . . . . 137
\adfwavesright (a) . . . 137
adjoint (†) . . . . . . . . see \dag
\Admetos (Ö) . . . . . . . . . . 120
Adobe Acrobat . . . . . . . . 218
. \amalg (⨿) . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\adots ( . . ) . . . . . . 109, 213
\adots (⋰) . . . . . . . . . . . 108
\adots (⋰) . . . . . . . . . . . 109
advancing see \textadvancing
\AE (Æ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\ae (æ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\aeolicbii (Ι) . . . . . . . . 172
\aeolicbiii (Θ) . . . . . . 172
\aeolicbiv (Κ) . . . . . . 172
\agemO (0) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\Agimel (g) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Ahe (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Ahelmet (v) . . . . . . . . . 138
\Aheth (H) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\ain (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
\Air (Ò) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Akaph (k) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Alad (}) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\alad (}) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\Alamed (l) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Alas ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\alas ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\Albania (€) . . . . . . . . . . 176
\aldine (o) . . . . . . . . . . 132
\aldineleft (m) . . . . . . . 132
\aldineright (n) . . . . . . 132
\aldinesmall (j) . . . . . . 132
\aleph (ℵ) . . . . . . . . 90, 112
\aleph (ℵ) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\aleph (ℵ) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\aleph (ℵ) . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\Alif (˒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
R
\allabreve ( ) . . . . . . . 148
\Alpha (A) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\alpha (𝛼) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
alphabets . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
African . . . . . . . . . . 15
Cypriot . . . . . . . . . . 143
Cyrillic . . . . . . . . . . 209
Greek 14, 88, 89, 117, 144
Hebrew . . . . 90, 91, 117
hieroglyphic . . . . . . . 139
Linear A . . . . . . . . . 139
Linear B . . . . . . . . . 142
math . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
phonetic . . . . . . . 16–19
proto-Semitic . . . . . . 138
South Arabian . . . . . 144
Vietnamese . . . . . . . 15
\alphaup (α) . . . . . . . . . . 89
alpine symbols . . . . . . . . . 166
\Alt ( Alt ) . . . . . . . . . . 122
231
alternative denial see \uparrow
and |
\AltGr ( AltGr ) . . . . . . . 122
\altoclef ( K ) . . . . . . . 148
\AM () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\amalg (⨿) . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\amalg (⨿) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\amalg (∐) . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\Amem (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Amor (+) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
ampersand . . . . . . . . . see \&
𝒜ℳ𝒮 (package) 11, 14, 28, 38,
47, 59, 61, 66, 69, 87, 88,
90, 91, 93, 94, 100, 102,
105, 108, 111, 112, 117,
206, 207, 225
amsbsy (package) . . . . . . . 220
amsfonts (package) . . 112, 116
amsmath (package) 11, 87, 100,
210, 219
amssymb (package) . 11, 100,
112, 116, 144, 226
amstext (package) . . 211, 213
\Anaclasis (÷) . . . . . . . . 171
\anaclasis (÷) . . . . . . . . 171
\anceps (Ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . 172
\ancepsdbrevis (Ζ) . . . . . 172
\anchor (⚓) . . . . . . . . . . 178
O
\anchor ( ) . . . . . . . . . 137
ancient-language symbols 138–
146
and . . . . . . . . . . . see \wedge
AND gates . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\ANDd () . . . . . . . . . 123
\ANDl () . . . . . . . . 123
\Andorra () . . . . . . . . . . 176
\ANDr (
) . . . . . . . . 123
\ANDu () . . . . . . . . . 123
\angdnr (⦟) . . . . . . . . . . 112
\angl ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
\angle (∠) . . . . . . . . . . . 111
\angle (̸ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\angle (Õ) . . . . . . . . . . . 111
\angle (∠) . . . . . . . . . . . 111
\angle (∠) . . . . . . . . . . . 111
\angle (∠) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
angle notation . . . . . . . . . 119
angles . . . . 110–113, 115, 120
\angles (⦞) . . . . . . . . . . 112
\AngleSign (W) . . . . . . . . 110
\angleubar (⦤) . . . . . . . . 112
\angln (𝑛 ) . . . . . . . . . . . 105
\anglr (𝑟 ) . . . . . . . . . . . 105
\Angstrom (Å) . . . . . . . . . 92
Ångström unit
math mode see \mathring
text mode . . . . . see \AA
\Angud (⟩) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\angud (⟩) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
angular minutes . . see \prime
angular seconds . see \second
\Angus (⟨) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\angus (⟨) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
animals . . . . . . . 138, 139, 143
\Ankh (ˆ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\Annoey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\annuity (⃧) . . . . . . . . . . 101
annuity symbols . . . 105, 214
\Antidiple (<) . . . . . . . . 171
\antidiple (<) . . . . . . . . 171
\Antidiple* (< · ) . . . . . . . 171
· \Aquarius (N) . . . . . . . . 120
\antidiple* (< · ) . . . . . . . 171
· \aquarius (e) . . . . . . . . 119
\antilabe (.. .. ) . . . . . . . . 109
\antimuon (𝑤) . . . . . . . . 125
\antineutrino (𝑀) . . . . . 125
\antineutron (𝑦) . . . . . . 125
\antiproton (𝑛) . . . . . . . 125
\antiquark (𝐸) . . . . . . . . 125
\antiquarkb (𝐹) . . . . . . . 125
\antiquarkc (𝐺) . . . . . . . 125
\antiquarkd (𝐻) . . . . . . . 125
\antiquarks (𝐼) . . . . . . . 125
\antiquarkt (𝐽) . . . . . . . 125
\antiquarku (𝐾) . . . . . . . 125
\Antisigma (⊃) . . . . . . . . 171
\antisigma (⊃) . . . . . . . . 171
\Anun (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\aoverbrace (
⏞ ⏟
) . . . . . 105
\Ape (p) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
APL
symbols . . . . . . . . 55–56
apl (package) . . . . . . 121, 226
APL symbols . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLbox (~) . . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLboxquestion (⍰) . . . 121
\APLboxupcaret (⍓) . . . . 121
\APLcirc (∘) . . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLcomment () . . . . . . . 121
\APLdown (F) . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLdownarrowbox (o) . . 121
\APLinput (}) . . . . . . . . 121
\APLinv (÷~) . . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLleftarrowbox (p) . . 121
\APLlog () . . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLminus (−) . . . . . . . . 121
\APLnot (∼) . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLnotbackslash (⍀) . . . 121
\APLnotslash (⌿) . . . . . . 121
\APLrightarrowbox (q) . . 121
\APLstar (E) . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLup ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\APLuparrowbox (n) . . . . 121
\APLvert ( | ) . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Apollon (ß) . . . . . . . . . 120
apostropha . . . . see musixgre
\apprge (?) . . . . . . . . . . 62
\apprle (>) . . . . . . . . . . 62
\approx (≈) . . . . . . . . . . 46
\approx (≈) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\approx (≈) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\approx (≈) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\approxcolon (≈:) . . . . . 58
\approxcoloncolon (≈::) . 58
\approxeq (u) . . . . . . . . 47
\approxeq (Ý) . . . . . . . . 54
\approxeq (≊) . . . . . . . . . 51
\approxeq (≊) . . . . . . . . . 49
\approxeq (≊) . . . . . . . . . 55
\approxeqq (⩰) . . . . . . . . 55
\approxident (≋) . . . . . . 52
\approxident (≋) . . . . . . 55
\Aqoph (q) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Aquarius (ê) . . . . . . . . 119
\AR (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
ar (package) . . . . . . 118, 226
a) . . . . . . . . see accents
arc ( 220–221, 223–225
\arccos (arccos) . . . . . . . 87
\arceq (‚) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\arceq (≘) . . . . . . . . . 52, 86
\arceq (≘) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
arcminutes . . . . . see \prime
arcs (package) . . . . . . 22, 226
arcseconds . . . . . see \second
\arcsin (arcsin) . . . . . . . 87
\arctan (arctan) . . . . . . . 87
\Aresh (r) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
arev (package) . 127–130, 137,
147, 178, 226
\arg (arg) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\Aries (P) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Aries (à) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Aries (x) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Aries (à) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\aries () . . . . . . . . . . . 119
y
\ArrowBoldDownRight ( ) 126
\ArrowBoldRightCircled ( ) { \Asterisk (˚) . . . . . . . . 29
. . . . . . . 126
\ArrowBoldRightShort ( ) 126 z
\ArrowBoldRightStrobe ( ) . w \AsteriskBold ( ) . . . . . 131
. . . . . . . 126
x
\ArrowBoldUpRight ( ) . 126
\arrowbullet (➢) . . . . . . 127
\Arrownot (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 86
\arrownot (X) . . . . . . . . . . 86
\ArrowOver (P) . . . . . . . . . 24
\arrowOver (p) . . . . . . . . . 24
arrows . . . . . . . . . . . 69–71,
75, 79–84, 102–107, 120,
122, 126, 127, 138, 143,
165, 176, 181–184, 186–
187, 202–203, 209
diagonal, for reducing
subexpressions . . . 102
dotted . . . . . . . . . . . 107
double-headed, diagonal .
. . . . . . . 213
232
extensible . . . . 102–107
fletched . . . . . . . 84, 126
negated . . 69, 70, 72, 76
arrows (boisik package option) .
. . . . . . . . 80
⃦
\Arrowvert (⃦) . . . . . . . . 94
X
X
X
X
\Arrowvert ( X X) . . . . . . . 95
⇑
\Arrowvert ( ⇑
⇑
⇑
⇑) . . . . . . . 97
⎮⇑ ⇑
\arrowvert (⎮)⇑ . . . . . . . . 94
RR
RR
\arrowvert ( RR) . . . . . . . . 95
⏐
⏐
⏐
\arrowvert ( ⏐ ⏐
⏐
⏐ ) . . . . . . . 97
⏐
Arseneau, Donald . . 211–214
articulations . . . . see musical
symbols
\Asade (x) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\Asamekh (s) . . . . . . . . . 138
\ASC (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
ASCII . . 11, 14, 122, 197, 206,
table . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
ascii (package) . . 122, 221, 226
\ascnode () . . . . . . . . . 119
\Ashin (S) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
aspect ratio . . . . . . . . . . . 118
\Assert (⊩) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\assert (⊦) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\assert (⊦) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\assumption (𝑢) . . . . . . 125
\ast (˚) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\ast (*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\ast ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\ast (∗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\ast (∗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\ast (∗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\asteq (⩮) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\asteraccent ( ⃰ ) . . . . . . 101
\Asteriscus (× ····) . . . . . . . 171
\asteriscus (× ····) . . . . . . . 171
N
\Asterisk ( ) . . . . . . . . 131
\asterisk (˚) . . . . . . . . . 29
A
\AsteriskCenterOpen ( ) 131 B
X
\AsteriskRoundedEnds ( ) . .
. . . . . . . 131
asterisks . . . . . . . . . . 29, 131
C
\AsteriskThin ( ) . . . . . 131
D
\AsteriskThinCenterOpen ( )
. . . . . . . 131
\asterism (** * ) . . . . . . . . 210
asteroids . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
astrological symbols . 119, 120,
188–190
astronomical symbols 119, 120,
174, 188–190
\astrosun (☉) . . . . . . . . 120
\astrosun (⊙) . . . . . . . . 119
astrosym (package) . . 188, 226
asymmetric braces . . . . . . 105
\asymp (≍) . . . . . . . . . . . 46 \backpropto (›) . . . . .. 51 \baro () . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\asymp (≍) . . . . . . . . . 52, 86 \backsim (v) . . . . . . . .. 47 \baro ( vs. <) . . . . . . . . 207
\asymp (≍) . . . . . . . . . . . 85 \backsim (Ñ) . . . . . . . .. 54 \baro (ç) . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\asymp (≍) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \backsim (∽) . . . . . . . . .. 51 \baro (<) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\atan (atan) . . . . . . . . . . 219 \backsim (∽) . . . . . . . . .. 49 \BarOver (G) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\ataribox (m) . . . . . . . . . 164 \backsim (∽) . . . . . . . .. 55 \barOver (g) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\Atav (t) . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 \backsimeq (w) . . . . . .. 47 \barovernorthwestarrow (
)
\Ateth (T) . . . . . . . . . . . 138 \backsimeq (Ó) . . . . . . .. 54 . . . . . . . . 79
\AtForty (Ø) . . . . . . . . 165 \backsimeq (⋍) . . . . . . .. 51 \barovernorthwestarrow (↸)
\AtNinetyFive (Ó) . . . . 165 \backsimeq (⋍) . . . . . . .. 49 . . . . . . . 133
\atom (𝐶) . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 \backsimeq (⋍) . . . . . . .. 55 \barp (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
atomic math objects . 87, 219 \backsimneqq (Ó) . . . . .. 53 barred letters . . . . . . . . . 210
\AtSixty (Õ) . . . . . . . . 165 \backslash (∖) . . . . . 94, 112 \barrightarrowdiamond (⤠) .
\aunderbrace (⏟ ⏞ ) . . . . 105 . . . . . . . . 81
\Austria (‚) . . . . . . . . . . 176 \backslash (\) . . . . . . . 96 \barrightharpoon (ß) . . 71
\barrightharpoondown (⥟) 83
\autoleftarrow (DGGGGG) . 106 \backslash (/) ....... 95 \barrightharpoonup (⥛) . 83
\autoleftrightharpoons \barsci (+) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\backslash (∖) . . . . . . . . 114 \barscu (X) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\
(E
GGGGGC
GG ) ........ 106
\backslash ( ) ....... 97
\autorightarrow (GGGGGA)
\autorightleftharpoons
106
\backslashdiv () . . . . . 29 \Bart (  ) . . . . . . . 172
\backtriplesim () . . . . . 49 bartel-chess-fonts (package) 204,
GGGGGB
(F GG ) ........ 106 \backtrprime (‷) . . . . . . 111 205, 226
C
\backturn () . . . . . . . . . . 148 \baru (T) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\bagmember (`) . . . . . . . . 54
\Autumntree ( ) . . . . . . . 179 \baruparrow (⤒) . . . . . . . 81
\Avav (w) . . . .. . . . . . . . 138 \barupharpoonleft (⥘) . . 83
\bagmember (⋿) . . . . . . . 55
average . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 27 \barupharpoonright (⥔) . 83
\Baii (;) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\awint (⨑) . . .. . . . . . . . 43 \Barv (⫧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\awint (⨑) . . .. . . . . . . . 43 \Baiii (<) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Barv (⫧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\awintsl (⨑) . .. . . . . . . . 45 \bakingplate ( ) . . . . . . 179 \barV (⫪) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\awintup (⨑) . .. . . . . . . . 45 \bakingplate ( ) . . . . . . 179 \barV (⫪) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\Ayn (˓) . . . . .. . . . . . . . 19 \ballotcheck (✓) . . . . . . 130 \barvee (⊽) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\Ayod (y) . . . .. . . . . . . . 138 \ballotx (✗) . . . . . . . . . 130 \barwedge (X) . . . . . . . . 29
\Azayin (z) . .. . . . . . . . 138 banana brackets . . . . . . . . . . \barwedge (Z) . . . . . . . . . 28
see \llparenthesis and \barwedge (Ñ) . . . . . . . . . 31
B \rrparenthesis \barwedge (⊼) . . . . . . . . . 30
\B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 \banceps (Ψ) . . . . . . . . . . 172 \barwedge (⊼) . . . . . . . . . 32
\B (´) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \bar ( ̄ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 base twelve
˘
b (esvect package option) . 104 \bar (¯) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 numerals . . . . . . . . . 110
\b (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 \barb () . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 tally markers . . . . . . 168
¯
\b ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \barbbrevis (θ) . . . . . . 172 \BasicTree . . . . . . . . . . . 179
˘ \barbrevis (ι) . . . . . . . . 172
\Ba (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
babel (package) 14, 88, 89, 144 \barcap (⩃) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\babygamma (!) . . . . . . . . 18 \barcirc (− ∘ ) . . . . . . . . . 211 \bassclef ( I) . . . . . . . 148
\backapprox () . . . . . . . 49 \barcup (⩂) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \Bat (ý) . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\bard () . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \Bau (=) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Δ
\backapproxeq () . . . . . 49
\Backblech ( ) . . . . . . . 179 \bardownharpoonleft (⥡) 83 \baucircle ( ) . . . . . . . 136
\bauforms (Ξ) . . . . . . . 165
\backcong (≌) . . . . . . . . . 51 \bardownharpoonright (⥝) 83
\backcong (≌) . . . . . . . . . 49 \bari (') . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\backcong (≌) . . . . . . . . . 55 \barin (V) . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \bauhead (Λ) . . . . . . . . 165
\backdprime (‶) . . . . . . . 111 \barj (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \bausquare (Γ) . . . . . . . 136
\backepsilon () . . . . . . 47 \barl (.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \bautriangle (Θ) . . . . . . 136
\backepsilon (~) . . . . . . . 114 \barlambda (
) . . . . . . . . 18 \BB ( ´) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\backepsilon (϶) . . . . . . 90 \barleftarrow () . . . . . 79 ˘˘
\Bb (´ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\backeqsim () . . . . . . . . 49 \barleftarrow (⇤) . . . . . 81 ˘˘
\bB ( ´) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\backneg (⌐) . . . . . . . . . 113 \barleftarrowrightarrowbar ˘˘
\bb ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\backneg (⌐) . . . . . . . . . . 113 () . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 ˘˘
\bba (˘×˘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\backprime (8) . . . . . . . . 112 \barleftarrowrightarrowbar \bbalpha (α) . . . . . . . . . . 117
\backprime (À) . . . . . . . . 114 (↹) . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 \bbar (¯𝑏) . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
\backprime (‵) . . . . . . . . 113 \barleftharpoon (Þ) . . . 71 \bbb (˘˘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\backprime (‵) . . . . . . . . 113 \barleftharpoondown (⥖) 83
˘
\bbbeta (β) . . . . . . . . . . . 117
\backprime (‵) . . . . . . . . 111 \barleftharpoonup (⥒) . 83 \Bbbk (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

233
\Bbbk (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\Bbbk (𝕜) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \bcditalie ( ) . . . . . . 180 \bcpeaceandlove ( ) . . 180
⅀
\Bbbsum ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 43 \bcpluie ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
bbding (package) 126–129, 131, \bcdluxembourg ( ) . . 180
135, 137, 207, 226 \bcplume ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bbdollar ($) . . . . . . . . . 117 \bcdodecaedre ( ) . . . 180
\bcpoisson ( ) . . . . . . 180
\bbetter (g) . . . . . . . . . 169
\bbeuro (û) . . . . . . . . . . 117
\bcdpaysbas ( ) . . . . . 181 \bcquestion ( ) . . . . . 180
\bbfinalnun (Ï) . . . . . . . 117
\bbgamma (γ) . . . . . . . . . . 117 \bcdz ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 181 \bcrecyclage ( ) . . . . 180
bbgreekl (mathbbol package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 117 \bceclaircie ( ) . . . . 181
\bcrosevents ( ) . . . . 180
\BBm ( ´ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˘¯˘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\Bbm (¯ \bcetoile ( ) . . . . . . . 180
˘´˘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\bBm (¯¯
\bcsmbh ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
˘¯˘¯´
bbm (package) . . . . . 116, 226 \bcfemme ( ) . . . . . . . . 180 \bcsmmh ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bbm ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˘˘ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\bbmb ¯(¯ ¯˘˘¯˘ \bcfeujaune ( ) . . . . . 180 \bcsoleil ( ) . . . . . . . 180
\bbmx ( ¯¯) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\bbnabla
˘¯˘¯˘(š) . . . . . . . . . 117
\bcfeurouge ( ) . . . . . 180
\bcspadesuit ( ♠) . . . . 180
bbold (package) . . . . 116, 226 STOP
\bbpe (Ô) . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 \bcstop ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bbqof (×) . . . . . . . . . . . 117 \bcfeutricolore ( ) . . 180
\bbrevis (ς) . . . . . . . . . 172 \bctakecare ( ) . . . . . 180
\bbrktbrk (⎶) . . . . . . . . 114 \bcfeuvert ( ) . . . . . . 180
\bbslash ( ) . . . . . . . . . 28 \bctetraedre ( ) . . . . 180
\bbslash (=) . . . . . . . . . 31 \bcfleur ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bbyod (É) . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
\bctrefle ( ) . . . . . . . 180
\bchomme ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bcattention ( ) . . . . 180 \bctrombone ( ) . . . . . 180
\bchorloge ( ) . . . . . . 180

\bcbombe ( ) . . . . . . . . 180 \bcicosaedre ( ) . . . . 180 \bcvaletcoeur ( ) . . . 180

\bcvelo ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bcinfo ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bcbook ( )
. . . . . . . . 180
1 \bcyin ( ) ......... 181
\bcinterdit ( ) . . . . . 180
\bccalendrier ( JAN ) . . . 180 \Bda (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bde (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bccle ( ) . . . . . . . . . 180 \bclampe ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bdecisive (i) . . . . . . . 169
bclogo (package) 180, 181, 226,
\bcclefa ( ) . . . . . . . . 180 227 \Bdi (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bdleftarcarrow (¥) . . . . 75
\bcloupe ( ) . . . . . . . . 180 \bdnearcarrow («) . . . . . 75
\bcclesol ( ) . . . . . . . 180 \bdnwarcarrow (¨) . . . . . 75
\bcneige ( ) . . . . . . . . 180 \Bdo (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bccoeur ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bdoverarcarrow (¤) . . . 75
\bcnote ( ) . . . . . . . . 180 \bdrightarcarrow (§) . . . 75
\bccrayon ( ) . . . . . . . 180
\bdsearcarrow (ª) . . . . . 75
\bcnucleaire ( ) . . . . 180 \bdswarcarrow (©) . . . . . 75
\bccube ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\Bdu (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bcoctaedre ( ) . . . . . 180 \bdunderarcarrow (¦) . . 75
\bcdallemagne ( ) . . . 180
\Bdwe (>) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bcoeil ( ) . . . . . . . . 180
\bcdanger ( ) . . . . . . . 180 \Bdwo (?) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bcontraction . . . . . . . . 215
\Be (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bcdautriche ( ) . . . . 180 \bcorne ( ) . . . . . . . . 181 \Beam (") . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\Bearing (#) . . . . . . . . . 123
\bcours ( ) . . . . . . . . 181 \because (∵) . . . . . . 47, 108
\bcdbelgique ( ) . . . . 180
\because (¶) . . . . . . . . . 54
\bcoutil ( ) . . . . . . . . 181 \because (∵) . . . . . . . . . 108
\bcdbulgarie ( ) . . . . 180 \because (∵) . . . . . . . . . . 108
\because (∵) . . . . . . . . . . 109
\bcdfrance ( ) . . . . . . 180 \bcpanchant ( ) . . . . . 180 \Bed ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

234
 Ú ∫︀
begriff (package) . . . 109, 226 \bigboxtop ( ) . . .ß ... . 38 \bigintssss ( ) . . . . . . . 41
˙
Begriffsschrift symbols 109, 110 \bigboxtriangleup ( ) . 39 \biginvamp ( ) . . . . . . . 46
_
Ü
\BEL (␇) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \bigboxvoid ( ) . . . .. . 39 \BigLowerDiamond ( ) . . 135
⋂︀
\Belarus (ƒ) . . . . . . . . . . 176 \bigcap ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 37 \bignplus ( ) . . . . . . . . 38
\Belgium („) . . . . . . . . . . 176 \bigcap (⋂) . . . . . . . . . . 42 \bigoast (2) . . . . . . . . . 42
\bell (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 \bigcap (⋂) . . . . . . . . . . 41
⋂ \bigoast (⊛) . Æ...... . . 41
\benzenr (⏣) . . . . . . . . . 133 \bigcap ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 43 \bigoasterisk ( Î ) ... . . 39
Berry, Karl . . . . . . . . . . . 228 \bigcapdot () . . . . . . . 42 \bigobackslash ( ) . . . . 39
\Beta (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \bigcapdot (⩀) . . . . . . . . 41 \bigobackslash (⦸) . . . . 42
\beta (𝛽) . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \bigcapplus () . . . . . . . 42
Ë
\bigobot ( Å) ....... . . 39
\betaup (β) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \bigcapplus ($) . . . . . . . 41 \bigocirc ( ) . . . . . . . . 39
\beth (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \bigcirc (○) . . . . . . . . . 28 \bigocirc (⊚) . .Ç .... . . 42
\beth (ø) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \bigcirc (◯) . . . . . . . . . 133 \bigocoasterisk ( ) . . . 39
\beth (ℶ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \bigcirc (◯) . . . . . . . . . 132
Ã
\bigodiv (⨀︀) . . . . . . . . . 39
\beth (ℶ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \bigcirc (○) . . . . . . . . . 134 \bigodot ( ) . . . . . . . . . 37
\beth (ℶ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\BigCircle ( %) . . . . . . . 135 \bigodot (⨀) . . . . . . . . . 42
better . . . see \triangleleft
\betteris (b) . . . . . . . . 169 %
\BigCircle ( ) . . . . . . . 135 \bigodot (⊙) . . . . . . .
⨀
. . 42
\between ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 48 \bigcircle (◯) . . . . . . . 41 \bigodot ( ) . . . . . . .
∮︀ . . 43
\between (G) . . . . . . . . . . 47 \bigcoast (ˇ) . . .Š. . . . . 29
\bigcomplementop ( ) . . . 39 \bigoint (
\between (·) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\between (≬) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\BigCross⋃︀( ) . . . . . . . . 135 ∮︀ ) . . . . . . . . 41

\between (”) . . . . . . . . . 49 \bigcup ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 37 \bigoints (

\between (≬) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \bigcup (⋃) . . . . . . . . . . 42 ∮︀ ) ....... 41

\BGassert ( ) . . . . . . . . . 109 \bigcup (⋃) . . . . . . . . . . 41 \bigointss (

\BGconditional ( ) . . . 109
⋃
\bigcup ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 43
∮︀) ....... 41

\bigointsss (
\bigcupdot (⨃) . . . . . . . 42 ∮︀) ...... 41
\bigcupdot (⊍) . . . . . . . . 41 \bigointssss ( ) . . . . . . 41
\BGcontent ( ) . . . . . . . . 109 ⨃ È
\bigcupdot ( ) . . . . . . . 43 \bigoleft ( Á ) ...... . . 39
\BGnot ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 109
\bigcupplus (⨄) . . . . . 42, 43 \bigominus ( ) . . . . . . . 39
\BGquant ( ) . . . . . . . . 109
\bigcupplus (⊎) (⊖) . . . . .
\bigominus ⨁︀ . . 41
\Bi (i) . .”. . . . . . . . . . . 142 IJ..... 41, 42
\bigcurlyvee (b ) . . . . . . 38 \bigoplus ( ) . . . . . . . . 37
\bibridge (a ”) . . . . . . . . . 21 \bigoplus (⨁) . . . . . . . . 42
\bigcurlyvee ( ) . . . . . . 38
biconditional . . . . . . . . . . . . . \bigoplus (⊕) . . . . . . . . 41
\bigcurlyvee () . . . . . . 42 ⨁
. . see \leftrightarrow
\bigcurlyvee (⋎) . . . . . . 41 \bigoplus ( É ) ...... . . 43
and \equiv
\bigcurlyveedot Ż () . . . 41 \bigoright (Í) . . . . . . . 38
\Bicycle (®) . . . . . . . . 165
\bigcurlywedge (c ) . . . . 38 \bigoslash ( ) . . . . . . . 38
\Big . . . . . . . . . . . . 206, 208
\big . . . . . . . . . . . . 206, 208 \bigcurlywedge ( ) . . . . 38 \bigoslash (⊘) . . . . . . . 41
big O (𝒪) see alphabets, math \bigcurlywedge () . . . . 42 \bigostar (⍟)
⨂︀ . . . . . . . . 41
\bigast (˚) . . . . . . . . . . 29 \bigcurlywedge (⋏) . . . . 41 \bigotimes ( ) . . . . . . . 37
\bigcurlywedgedot () . . 41 \bigotimes (⨂) . . . . . . . 42
&
\bigblacktriangledown (▼) .
\BigDiamondshape ( ) . . 135 \bigotimes (⊗) . . . . . . . 41
. . . . . . . 133 ⨂
\bigblacktriangleup (▲) 133 \bigdoublecurlyvee () . 41 \bigotimesÊ( ) . . . . . . . 43

\bigbosonloop () ¶ . . . . . . 125
\bigdoublecurlywedge () 41
\bigdoublevee (⨈) . . 42, 43
\bigotop ( ) . . . . . . .
\bigotriangle (F)Ï. . .
.
.
. 38
. 41
\bigbosonloopA () ∪ . . . . . 125 \bigdoublevee (⩔) . . . . . 41 \bigotriangleup ( ) . . . 39
⊃
\bigbosonloopV () . . . . . 125
\bigdoublewedge (⨇) . 42, 43
\bigdoublewedge (⩕) . . . 41
\bigovert (⦶)
Ì ......
\bigovoid ( ) f . . . . . .
.
.
. 41
. 39
\bigbot (⟘)
e ......... . 114
\bigbox ( ) . . . .Ö..... . 38
\Bigg . . . . . . . . . . . 206, 208 ˙ ( ) ....
\bigparallel . . 38
\bigg . . . . . . . . . . . 206, 208 \bigparr (Ř) . . . . . . . . . 46

∫︀
\bigboxasterisk ( Þ ) .. . 39
\BigHBar ( ) . . . . . . . . . 135 \bigplus ( ) . . . . . . . . . 39
\bigboxbackslash ( ) . . 39
Û \bigplus ( ) . . . . . . . . . 42
\bigboxbot ( Õ) ...... . 39
\bigplus (+) . . . . . . . . . 41
\bigboxcirc ( ) . .Œ
\bigboxcoasterisk (
...
)
. 39
. 39
\bigint ( )
........
g
\biginterleave ( ) . . . .
41
38
\BigRightDiamond ( ) / . . 135
Ó
\bigboxdiv (Ô) . . . . . . . 39 \bigslopedvee (⩗) . . . . . 32
\biginterleave (⫼) . . . . 114 \bigslopedwedge (⩘) . . . 32
\bigboxdot ( Ø) ...... . 39
bigints (package) 41, 226, 227 Ű
\bigsqcap ( ) . . . . . . . . 38
\bigboxleft ( Ñ ) ..... . 39 ∫︀ 
( ) ....
\bigboxminus Ð . 39 \bigsqcap ( ) . . . . . . . . 38
\bigints (
\bigboxplus ( Ù ) ..... . 39 ∫︀ ) ........ 41 \bigsqcap (⨅) . . . . . .
\bigsqcap (⊓) . . . . . . .
.
.
. 42
. 41
\bigboxright (Ý) . . . . . 39 \bigintss ( ⨅
\bigboxslash (Ò) . . . . . 38 ∫︀) ........ 41
\bigsqcap ( ) . . . . . . . . 43
\bigboxtimes ( ) . . . . . 38 \bigintsss ( ) ....... 41 \bigsqcapdot ($) . . . . . . 42

235
\bigsqcapdot (,) . . . . . . 41

\bigsqcapplus ( ) . . . . . 39
\bigsqcapplus (() . . . . . 42
\bigsqcapplus ⨆︀ (0) . . . . . 41
\bigsqcup ( ) . . . . . . . . 37
\bigsqcup (⨆) . . . . . . . . 42
\bigsqcup (⊔) . . . . . . . . . 41
⨆
\bigsqcup ( ) . . . . . . . . 43
\bigsqcupdot (&) . . . . . . 42
\bigsqcupdot (.) . . . . . . 41
 \blacklozenge (ã) . . 35,
\bigsqcupplus ( ) . . . . . 39
\bigsqcupplus (*) . . . . . 42
\bigsqcupplus (2) . . . . . 41
\BigSquare ( Ÿ) . . . . . . . 135
\bigsquplus ( ) . . . . . . . 39
\bigstar (‹) . . . . . . . . . 29
\bigstar (F) . . . . . . . . . 112
\bigstar (ã) . . . . . . . . . 133
\bigstar (★) . . . . . . . . . 133
\bigstar (☀) . . . . . . . . . 132
\bigstar (★) . . . . . . . . . 133
⫿
\bigtalloblongŚ ( ) . . . . . 43
\bigtimes ( ) . . . . . . . . 39
\bigtimes (⨉) . . . . . . . . 42
\bigtimes (⨉) . . . . . . . . . 41
⨉
\bigtimes ( ) . . . . . . . . 44
\bigtop (⟙) . . . . . . . . . . 114
#
\BigTriangleDown (` ) . . 135
\bigtriangledown ( ) . `
\bigtriangledown (▽ vs. ) .
. 38
. . . . . . . 207
\bigtriangledown (▽) . . 28
\bigtriangledown (_) . . 68,
133
\bigtriangledown (▽) . . 67
\bigtriangledown (▽) . 133,
134
"
\BigTriangleLeft ( ) . . 135
\bigtriangleleft (⨞) . . 133
$
\BigTriangleRight ( ) . 135
!
\BigTriangleUp (a ) . . . . 135
\bigtriangleup ( ) . .a. . 38
\bigtriangleup (△ vs. ) 207
\bigtriangleup (△) . . 11, 28
\bigtriangleup (^) 68, 133
\bigtriangleup (△) . . . . 67
\bigtriangleup⨄︀ (△) 133, 134
\biguplus ( ) . . . . . . . . 37
\biguplus (⨄) . . . . . . . . 43
\biguplus (⊎) . . . . . . . . . 42
⨄ \blacktriangledown (▼) . 67
\biguplus ( ) . . . . . . . . 44
\bigvarstar (›) . . . . . . . 29
\BigVBar ⋁︀( ) . . . . . . . . . 135
\bigvee ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 37
\bigvee (⋁) . . . . . . . . . . 42
\bigvee (⋁) . . . . . . . . . . 41
⋁
\bigvee ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 44
\bigveedot (
) . . . . . . . 42 . . . . . . . 133
\bigveedot ⋀︀ (
) . . . . . . . . 42 \blackinwhitesquare (▣) 133
\bigwedge ( ) . . . . . . . . 37
\bigwedge (⋀) . . . . . . . . 42
\bigwedge (⋀) . . . . . . . . . 42
⋀
\bigwedge ( ) . . . . . . . . 44
\bigwedgedot () . . . . . . 42
\bigwedgedot () . . . . . . 42
\bigwhitestar (☆) . . . . . 133
˘
\bigwith ( ) . . . . . . . . . 46
\binampersand (N) . . . . . 28
\binampersand (î) . . . . . 31
binary operators . . . . . 28–36
binary relations 47–51, 54–66,
84–86
negated 47–51, 53, 54, 56
\bindnasrepma (O) . . . . . 28
\bindnasrepma (ï) . . . . . 31
\Biohazard (h) . . . . . . . 124
\biohazard (☣) . . . . . . . . 178
biological symbols . . . . . . 124
birds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
bishop . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205
\bishoppair (a) . . . . . . . 169
\Bja (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bje (J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bjo (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bju (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bka (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bke (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bki (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bko (h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bku (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BL (\) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\BlackBishopOnBlack ( a) .
. . . . . . . 170
\BlackBishopOnWhite ( b
) .
. . . . . . . 170
blackboard bold see alphabets,
math
\blackbowtie (ë) . . . . . . 31
\blackcircledownarrow (⧭) .
. . . . . . . 133
\blackcircledrightdot (⚈) .
. . . . . . . 133
\blackcircledtwodots (⚉) . .
. . . . . . . 133
\blackcircleulquadwhite (◕)
. . . . . . . 133
\blackdiamond (˛) . . . . . 29
\blackdiamond (⬩) . . . . . 35
\blackdiamonddownarrow (⧪)
. . . . . . . 133
Z
\BlackEmptySquare ( ) 170
\blackhourglass (⧗) . . . 36
\blackinwhitediamond (◈) . .
\blacktriangleleft (◀) 134
\blacktriangleright (§)
j) 170
\BlackKingOnBlack (
236
k) 170
\BlackKingOnWhite (
\BlackKnightOnBlack (m) .
....... 170
n) .
\BlackKnightOnWhite (
. . . . . . . 170
\blacklefthalfcircle (◖) 133
\blacklozenge () . . . . . 112
133
\blacklozenge (⧫) . . . . . 133
\blacklozenge (⧫) . . . . . 132
\blacklozenge (⧫) . 133, 134
\BlackPawnOnBlack (o) 170
\BlackPawnOnWhite (p) 170
\blackpointerleft (◄) . 133
\blackpointerright (►) . 133
l)
\BlackQueenOnBlack ( .
. . . . . . . 170
\BlackQueenOnWhite ( q
) .
. . . . . . . 170
\blackrighthalfcircle (◗) . .
. . . . . . . 133
\BlackRookOnBlack (s) 170
\BlackRookOnWhite (r) 170
\blacksmiley (☻) . . . . . 114
\blacksmiley (-) . . . . . . 164
\blacksquare () . . . . . . 112
\blacksquare (ï) . . . 35, 133
\blacksquare (∎) . . . . . . 34
\blacksquare (■) . . . . . . 134
\blackstone . . . . . . . . . . 170
\blacktriangle (N) . . . . 112
\blacktriangle (ë) . 35, 133
\blacktriangle (▲) . . 35, 68
\blacktriangle (▲) . . . . 67
\blacktriangle (▴) . . . . 134
\blacktriangledown (İ) . 33
\blacktriangledown (H) . 112
\blacktriangledown (è) . 35,
133
\blacktriangledown (▼) . 35,
68
\blacktriangledown (▾) . 134
\blacktriangleleft (đ) . 33
\blacktriangleleft (J) . 66
\blacktriangleleft (ê) . 35
\blacktriangleleft (◀) . 35,
68
\blacktriangleleft (◀) . 67
33
\blacktriangleright (I) 66
\blacktriangleright (é) 35
\blacktriangleright (▶) 35, \BNviii (˘) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbar (◫) . . . . . . . . . . 36
68 \Bnwa (@) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbot (k) . . . . . . . . . . 33
\blacktriangleright (▶) 67
\BNx (˙) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbot (ž) . . . . . . . . . . 35
\blacktriangleright (▶) 134 \boxbox () . . . . . . . . . . 28
\BNxc („) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\blacktriangleup (IJ) . . . 33 \boxbox (§) . . . . . . . . . . 35
\blackwhitespoon (⊷) . . 85 \BNxl (‚) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbox (⧈) . . . . . . . . . . 34
blank . . . . . . see \textblank \BNxx (¸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbox (⧈) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\Bleech (Ë) . . . . . . . . . . 165 \BNxxx (˛) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbox (⧈) . . . . . . . . . . 36
\blender ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179 \boxbslash (j) . . . . . . . . 28
\Bo (o) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\blender ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179 \boxbslash (œ) . . . . . . . . 35

\blitza ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 86
body-text symbols . . . . 13–26
\boxbslash (⧅) . . . . . . . . 35

\blitza ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 27
boisik (package) . . . 31, 35, 43,
\boxbslash (⧅) . . . . . . . 36

\blitzb ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 86
54, 60, 65, 68, 79, 80, 90,
\boxcirc (e) . . . . . . . . . 33

\blitzc ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 86
92, 93, 101, 111, 114, 133,
\boxcircle () . . . . . . . . 28

\blitzd ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 86
136, 144, 147, 226
\boxcircle (¥) . . . . . . . . 35

\blitze ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 86
bold symbols . . . . . . 219–220
\boldmath . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 \boxcircle (⧇) . . . . . . . 36
\blkhorzoval (⬬) . . . . . . 134 \boxcoasterisk (g) . . . . 33
\boldsymbol . . . . . . . . . . 220
\blkvertoval (⬮) . . . . . . 134 \boxdiag (⧄) . . . . . . . . . 35
\BOLogo (F) . . . . . . . . . . 165
block-element symbols . . . 173 \boxdiag (⧄) . . . . . . . . . 36
\BOLogoL (M) . . . . . . 165
\Bm (´) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \boxdiv (c) . . . . . . . . . . 33
˘¯ \BOLogoP (N) . . . . . . . . . . 165
bm (package) . . . 220, 226, 227
bomb . . . . . . . . . . . 180–181 \boxdivision (¦) . . . . . . 35
\bm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 \boxdot (d) . . . . . . . . . . 33
\bomb (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\bm ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
¯˘ Boolean domain (B) . . . . see \boxdot ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\Bma (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 alphabets, math \boxdot (ô) . . . . . . . . . . 35
\Bme (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Boolean logic gates . . . . . 123 \boxdot (⊡) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\Bmi (y) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 borders . . . . . . . . . . 191–197 \boxdot (⊡) . . . . . . . . . . 34
born . . . . . . . . see \textborn \boxdot (⊡) . . . . . . . . . . 36
\Bmo (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bosnia (…) . . . . . . . . . . . 176 \boxdotLeft (‹) . . . . . . 70
\bmod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
bosons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 \boxdotleft (ƒ) . . . . . . 70
\Bmu (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bot (‚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 \boxdotRight (Š) . . . . . 70
\Bna (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bot (⊥) . . . . . . . 27, 91, 212 \boxdotright (‚) . . . . . 70
\BNc («) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bot (⊥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \boxempty () . . . . . . . . 28
\BNcc (») . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bot (–) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \boxLeft (‰) . . . . . . . . 70
\bot (⊥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \boxleft (h) . . . . . . . . . 33
\BNccc (–) . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BNcd (—) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 
\botborder ( ) . . . . . . . 171 \boxleft () . . .
\boxleft (Ÿ) . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 70
. 35
\botdoteq (”) . . . . . . . . 48
\BNcm (ff) . . . . . . . . . 142 \botsemicircle (◡) . . . . 134 \boxminus (a) . . . . . . . . 33
\BNd (‌) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bottomheat () . . . . . . . 178 \boxminus () . . . . . . . . 28
\BNdc (‰) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bouquet (¥) . . . . . . . . . 165 \boxminus (ñ) . . . . . . . . . 35
\bowl ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \boxminus (⊟) . . . . . . . . . 34
\BNdcc (ı) . . . . . . . . . 142
\bowl ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \boxminus (⊟) . . . . . . . . . 34
\BNdccc (ȷ) . . . . . . . . 142 \boxminus (⊟) . . . . . . . . 36
\Bowtie (1) . . . . . . . . . . 164
\Bne (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bowtie (◁▷) . . . . . . . . . . 46 \boxonbox (⧉) . . . . . . . . 134
\BNi (´) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bowtie (è) . . . . . . . . . . 31 \boxplus (‘) . . . . . . . . . 33
\Bni (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bowtie (⋈) . . . . . . . . 31, 52 \boxplus (
) . . . . . . . . . 28
\bowtie (&) . . . . . . . . 29, 30 \boxplus (ð) . . . . . . . . . 35
\BNii (ˆ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\bowtie (⋈) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \boxplus (⊞) . . . . . . . . . 34
\BNiii (˜) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxplus (⊞) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\Box () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\BNiv (¨) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Box (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 \boxplus (⊞) . . . . . . . . . 36
\BNix (¯) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Box (□) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 \boxRight (ˆ) . . . . . . . 70
\BNl (‹) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Box (◻) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \boxright (i) . . . . . . . . 33
\Box (□) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 \boxright (€) . . . . . . . 70
\BNlx (›) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
box-drawing symbols . . . . 173 \boxright ( ) . . . . . . . . . 35
\BNlxx (“) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxslash (m) . . . . . . . . 33
\boxast (i) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\BNlxxx (”) . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxast (¤) . . . . . . . . . . 35 \boxslash (l) . . . . . . . . . 28
\BNm (fi) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxast (⧆) . . . . . . . . . . 36 \boxslash (¢) . . . . . . . . . 35
\Bno (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxasterisk (f) . . . . . . 33 \boxslash (⧄) . . . . . . . . . 34
\bNot (⫭) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \boxbackslash (n) . . . . . 33 \boxslash (⧄) . . . . . . . . . 34
\boxbackslash (⧅) . . . . . 34 \boxtimes (b) . . . . . . . . 33
\Bnu (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\boxbackslash (⧅) . . . . . 34 \boxtimes () . . . . . . . . 28
\BNv (˝) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxtimes (ò) . . . . . . . . . 35
\boxbar (k) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\BNvi (˚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbar (¡) . . . . . . . . . . 35 \boxtimes (⊠) . . . . . . . . . 34
\BNvii (ˇ) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \boxbar (◫) . . . . . . . . . . 35 \boxtimes (⊠) . . . . . . . . . 34

237
\boxtimes (⊠) . . . . . . . . 36 \BPwine (Ť) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Bta (t) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\boxtop (j) . . . . . . . . . . 33 \BPwineiih (Ż) . . . . . . . 143 \Btaii (}) . . . . . . . . . . 142
\boxtop () . . . . . . . . . . 35
\BPwineiiih (IJ) . . . . . . 143 \Bte (T) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\boxtriangle (£) . . . . . . 35
\boxtriangleup (o) . . . . 33 \BPwineivh (İ) . . . . . . . 143 \Bti (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\boxvert (◫) . . . . . . . . . 34 \BPwoman (ą) . . . . . . . . . 143 \btimes (⨲) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\boxvert (q) . . . . . . . . . . 34 \BPwool (Ś) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \btimes (⨲) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\boxvoid (l) . . . . . . . . . 33 \BPwta (Ă) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bto (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\boy (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 \Btu (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPwtb (Ą) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bpa (p) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Btwe (­) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\BPwtc (Ć) . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bpaiii ([) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Btwo (~) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPwtd (Č) . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPamphora (Ž) . . . . . . . . 143
\Bqa (q) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bu (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BParrow (ij) . . . . . . . . . 143
\BUFd () . . . . . . . . . . 123
\Bqe (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPbarley (Ş) . . . . . . . . . 143
\Bqi (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\BPbilly (ť) . . . . . . . . . 143
\Bqo (8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BUFl ()
\BPboar (ľ) . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Bra (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 . . . . . . . . . . 123
\BPbronze (Ű) . . . . . . . . 143 bra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\BPbull (ň) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \braceld (⏞) . . . . . . . . . . 215 \BUFr () . . . . . . . . . . 123
\BPcauldroni (đ) . . . . . 143 \bracerd ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 215
braces . . . 13, 94–97, 102–105 \BUFu () . . . . . . . . . . 123
\BPcauldronii (§) . . . . 143
asymmetric . . . . . . . 105 \BUi (fl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\BPchariot (ÿ) . . . . . . 143
extensible . . . . 102–105 \BUii (ffi) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\BPchassis (ź) . . . . . . 143 multiline . . . . . . . . . 105
\BPcloth (Ř) . . . . . . . . . 143
⎪ \BUiii (ffl) . . . . . . . . . . 143
\bracevert (⎪ ⎪) . . . . . . . 94
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
\BUiv (␣) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\BPcow (ŋ) . . . . . . . . . . 143 ⎪
\bracevert ( ⎪ ⎪) . . . . . . . 95 \BUix (%) . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\BPcup (Ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . 143
\bracevert (⎪) . . . . . . . . 114 \Bulgaria (†) . . . . . . . . . 177
\Bpe (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
brackets . . . . . see delimiters bullcntr (package) 168, 226, 227
\BPewe (š) . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Braii (^) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bullcntr{⟨1 ⟩} ( ∙ ) . . . . 168
\BPfoal (ě) . . . . . . . . . 143 \bullcntr{⟨2 ⟩} (∙ ∙) . . . . 168
\Braiii (_) . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPgoat (ş) . . . . . . . . . . 143 braket (package) . . . . . . . 94 \bullcntr{⟨3 ⟩} (∙∙∙) . . . . 168
∙
\BPgoblet (Ź) . . . . . . . . 143 \Bratpfanne ( ) . . . . . . 179 \bullcntr{⟨4 ⟩} (∙∙∙) . . . . 168
∙ ∙
\BPgold (Ů) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Bre (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bullcntr{⟨5 ⟩} (∙∙∙) . . . . 168
\BPhorse (ď) . . . . . . . . 143 \Break ( Break ) . . . . . . . 122 \bullcntr{⟨6 ⟩} (∙∙∙∙∙ ) . . . . 168
∙
∙∙
\bullcntr{⟨7 ⟩} (∙∙∙∙∙ ) . . . . 168
\Bpi (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \breve ( ̆ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101
\bullcntr{⟨8 ⟩} (∙∙∙
∙∙∙) . . . . 168
∙∙
\BPman (ă) . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \breve (˘) . . . . . . . . . . . 100 ∙∙∙
\breve (ă) . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \bullcntr{⟨9 ⟩} (∙∙∙
∙∙∙
) . . . . 168
\BPnanny (ț) . . . . . . . . . 143 bullenum (package) . . . . . 168
breve (ă) . . . . . . . see accents
\Bpo (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \brevis (β) . . . . . . . . . . 172 bullenum . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
\BPolive (Ț) . . . . . . . . . 143 \bullet (∙) . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\Bri (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPox (ń) . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \bullet (•) . . . . . . . . . . . 35
\Bro (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bullet (●) . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\BPpig (ĺ) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Broii (‘) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bullet (∙) . . . . . . . . . . . 36
\BPram (ś) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \brokenvert (|) . . . . . . . . 164 bullseye . see \textbullseye
\BPsheep (ř) . . . . . . . . . 143 Bronger, Torsten . . . . . . . 212 \bullseye (◎) . . . . . . . . 134
\BPsow (ł) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Bru (V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bumpedeq (ı) . . . . . . . . 48
\BPspear (¡) . . . . . . . . . 143 \BS (␈) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \bumpedeq () . . . . . . . . 48
\BPsword (ż) . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Bsa (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bumpeq (m) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\Bse (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bumpeq (Ç) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\BPtalent (Ď) . . . . . . . 142
\BSEfree (n) . . . . . . . . . 124 \Bumpeq (≎) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\Bpte (]) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bumpeq (≎) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\Bsi (Y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\Bpu (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bumpeq (≎) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\bsimilarleftarrow (⭁) . 81
\Bpuii (\) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bsimilarrightarrow (⭇) 81 \bumpeq (l) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\BPvola (Ĺ) . . . . . . . . . 142 \bumpeq (Æ) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\Bso (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
\BPvolb (Ľ) . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bumpeq (≏) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\bsolhsub (⟈) . . . . . . . . 61
\bumpeq (≏) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\BPvolcd (Ł) . . . . . . . . . 142 \BSpace ( →−↦ ) . . . . . . . 122
\bumpeq (≏) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\BPvolcf (Ń) . . . . . . . . . 142 \Bsu (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bumpeqq (⪮) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\BPwheat (Š) . . . . . . . . . 143 \Bswa ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bumpeqq (⪮) . . . . . . . . . 55
\BPwheel (ž) . . . . . . . . . 143 \Bswi (|) . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \bupperhand (e) . . . . . . . 169

238
 \capturesymbol (X) . . . . 169 \cdots (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 108

)
\capwedge (⩄) . . . . . . . . . 32 \cdots (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 109
\Burns ( . . . . . . 172 card suits . 136, 137, 180–181 \CE () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\BusWidth ( ) . . . . . . . . 123 cardinality . . . . . see \aleph \Ce (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\BUv (!) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 care of (c/o) . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Cedi see \textcolonmonetary
\BUvi (") . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 caret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see \^ cedilla (¸) . . . . . . see accents
\caretinsert (‸) . . . . . . 114 celestial bodies 119, 120, 174,
\BUvii (#) . . . . . . . . . . 143 Carlisle, David . . . . . . 1, 225 188–190
\BUviii ($) . . . . . . . . . 143 caron (ǎ) . . . . . . . see accents \celsius (℃) . . . . . . . . . 118
\BUx (&) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 carriage return . . . . . . . . 209 \Celtcross (‡) . . . . . . . . 165
\BUxi (’) . . . . . . . . . . . 143 carriage return . 122, 137, 209 Celtic knots . . . . . . 194–197
\BUxii (­) . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \carriagereturn () . . . . 79 \cent (¢) . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\carriagereturn (↵) . . . 81
\Bwa (w) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
C
\carriagereturn ( ) . . . 137
\centerdot (‚) . . . . . . . . 29
\centerdot ( ) . . . . . . . . . 30
\Bwe (W) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Cartesian product see \times \centerdot () . . . . . . . . 28
\Bwi (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 castle . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205 \centerdot (î) . . . . . . . . 31
\Bwo (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \castlingchar (O) . . . . . 169
\centerdot (·) . . . . . . . . 109
\BX (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \castlinghyphen (-) . . . . 169
centernot (package) . . . . . 211
\Bza (z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \Cat ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\centernot . . . . . . . . . . . 211
\catal (γ) . . . . . . . . . . . 172
\Bze (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 centigrade . see \textcelsius
\Catalexis (∧) . . . . . . . . 171
\Bzo (9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 \centre (I) . . . . . . . . . . 169
\catalexis (∧) . . . . . . . . 171
cents . . . . . . . . see \textcent
catamorphism . . . . . . . . . . . .
C \Ceres (Â) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
see \llparenthesis and
\C (
a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 \CEsign (C) . . . . . . . . . . 124
\rrparenthesis
\C ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \CB (-\) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \Cga (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
c (esvect package option) . 104 \cb (a, ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \Chair ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
\c (a̧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 222 \Cc ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 chancery (package) . . . . . . 226
\c ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \cc ( ○ CC ) . . . . . . . . . . . 26 \changenotsign . . . . . . . 49
\Ca (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \cc ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \char 209, 218, 221, 224, 225
\caesura () . . . . . . . . . . . 148 \ccAttribution (b) . . . . 26 Charter (font) . . . . . . . 24, 46
O \ccby ( ○ BY: ) . . . . . . . . . 26 \check ( ̌ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101
calligra (package) 116, 226, 227 \ccbyncnd (c bn d) . . . 26 \check (ˇ) . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Calligra (font) . . . . . . . . . 116 \Ccc ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 check marks 14, 113–114, 129,
calrsfs (package) . . . . . . . 116 \ccCopy (©) . . . . . . . . . . 26 130, 137, 164, 165, 181–
\CAN (␘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 ccicons (package) 26, 226, 227 184, 207
cancel (package) . . . . . . . 102 cclicenses (package) . . 26, 226 \checked () . . . . . . . . . 164
\Cancer (ã) . . . . . . . . . . 119 \ccLogo (c) . . . . . . . . . . 26 \CheckedBox (2 ) . . . . . . . 130
\Cancer (b) . . . . . . . . . . 120 \ccnc ( ○ \Checkedbox (V) . . . . . . . 130
!
$ ) . . . . . . . . . 26
∖

\cancer (_) . . . . . . . . . . 119 \ccnd ( ○ ) . . . . . . . . . 26

=
\Checkmark ( ) . . . . . . . 129
\Candle ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 180 \ccNoDerivatives (d) . . 26
D
\checkmark (X) . . . . . . . 14
\candra ( ̐ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \ccNonCommercial (n) . . 26
\Cap (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \checkmark ( ) . . . . . . . 137
\Cap (Ë) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\ccNonCommercialEU (e) . 26 \checkmark (ï) .. . . . . . . 114
\ccNonCommercialJP (y) . 26 \checkmark (✓) . . . . . . . 113
\Cap (⋒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \ccPublicDomain (p) . . . 26
\Cap (⋒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \checkmark (✓) . . . . . . . 113
\ccRemix (r) . . . . . . . . . 26

D) . . . 207
\Cap (⋒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \checkmark (✓) .. . . . . . . 114
\ccsa (○ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 26
C
\cap (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \checkmark (X vs.
\cap (∩) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\cap („) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
31
\ccSampling (m) . . . . . . . 26
\ccShare (s) . . . . . . . . . 26 \CheckmarkBold ( ) " . . . . 129
\ccShareAlike (a) . . . . . 26 \checksymbol (+) . . . . . . 169
\cap (∩) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 chemarr (package) . . 106, 226
\ccwundercurvearrow (⤿) 81
\cap (∩) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 chemarrow (package) 84, 106,
\ccZero (z) . . . . . . . . . . 26
\cap (∩) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 226
\cdot (·) . . . . . . . . . . 28, 210
\capbarcup (⩉) . . . . . . . . 32 \cdot (y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \chemarrow (A) . . . . . . . 84
\capdot (⩀) . . . . . . . . . . 30 \cdot (⋅) . . . . . . . . . . 30, 108 Chen, Raymond . . . . . . . 228
\capdot (⩀) . . . . . . . . . . 29 \cdot (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 108 chess symbols . . . . . 169, 170,
\capdot (⩀) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \cdot (⋅) . . . . . . . . . . 29, 108 204–205
\capovercup (⩇) . . . . . . . 32 \cdot (⋅) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \chesscomment (RR) . . . . 169
\capplus (C) . . . . . . . . . 30 \cdotp (·) . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 \chessetc (P) . . . . . . . . . 169
\capplus (?) . . . . . . . . . . 29 \cdotp (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 108 \chesssee (l) . . . . . . . . 169
\Capricorn (é) . . . . . . . . 119 \cdotp (⋅) . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 chevrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
\Capricorn (B) . . . . . . . 120 \cdotp (·) . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \Chi (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\capricornus (d) . . . . . . 119 \cdots (· · · ) . . . . . . . . . . 107 \chi (𝜒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

239
ChinA2e (package) . 25, 87, 117,
174, 175
china2e (package) 116, 226, 227
\Chiron (D) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\chiup (χ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\Ci (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
cipher symbols . . . . . . . . 174
\cirbot (⟟) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\circ (∘) . . . . . 28, 114, 211
\circ (◦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
\circ (○) . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\circ (◦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
\circeq () . . . . . . . . . . 48
\circeq ($) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\circeq (Ù) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\circeq (≗) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\circeq (≗) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\circeq (≗) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\CIRCLE ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 132
\Circle (#) . . . . . . . . . . 132
5
\Circle ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 135
5
\Circle (# vs. ) . . . . . 207
\circledgtr (S) . . . . . . . 48 \Cko (h) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\circledless (R) . . . . . . 48 \Cku (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\circledminus . see \ominus
\Cla (l) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\circledotleft . . . . . . . see
\circleddotleft \Cle (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\circledotright . . . . . . see \CleaningA («) . . . . . . . . 165
\circleddotright \CleaningF (¾) . . . . . . . . 165
\circledownarrow (⧬) . . . 134 \CleaningFF (¿) . . . . . . . 165
\circledparallel (⦷) . . 36 \CleaningP (¬) . . . . . . . . 165
\circledplus . . . see \oplus \CleaningPP (î) . . . . . . . 165
\circledR (r) . . . . . . 14, 91 \clefC ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 151
\circledR (Ⓡ) . . . . . . . . . 92 \clefCInline . . . . . . . . . 151
\circledrightdot (⚆) . . 134
\circledS (s) . . . . . . . . 91 \clefF ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 151
\circledS (Ⓢ) . . . . . . . . . 92 \clefFInline . . . . . . . . . 151
\circledslash . see \oslash
\circledstar (✪) . . . . . . 134 \clefG ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 151
\circledtimes . see \otimes \clefGInline . . . . . . . . . 151
\circledtwodots (⚇) . . . 134 clefs . . . . . 148, 149, 151, 156,
\circledvee (U) . . . . . . . 29 180–181
\circledvert (⦶) . . . . . . 35 \Cli (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\circledvert (⦶) . . . . . . 36
\circledwedge (T) . . . . . 29
\clickb (;) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\circlearrowleft (ö) . . 70
\circlearrowleft ( ) . . 69
\circlearrowleft (£) . . 79
\circlearrowleft (↺) . . 76
\circlearrowleft (↺) . . 72
\circlearrowleft (↺) 81, 82
\circlearrowright (œ) . . 70
\circlearrowright () . 69
\circlearrowright (¢) . 79
\circlearrowright (↻) . 76
\circlearrowright (↻) . 72
\circlearrowright (↻) 81, 82
\circlebottomhalfblack (◒)
. . . . . . . 134
circled numerals 130, 170, 171,
204
\CircledA (ª) . . . . . . . . 165
\circledast (~) . . . . . . . 28
\circledast (ö) . . . . . . . 35
\circledast (⊛) . . . . . . . 35
\circledast (⊛) . . . . . . . 34
\circledast (⊛) . . . . . . . 36
\circledbar (V) . . . . . . . 29
\circledbslash (W) . . . . 29
\circledbullet (⦿) . . . . 134
\circledcirc (}) . . . . . . 28
\circledcirc (õ) . . . . . . 35
\circledcirc (⊚) . . . . . . 35
\circledcirc (⊚) . . . . . . 34
\circledcirc (⊚) . . . . . . 36
\circleddash () . . . . . . 28
\circleddash (÷) . . . . . . 35
\circleddash (⊝) . . . . . . 35
\circleddash (⊖) . . . . . . 34
\circleddash (⊝) . . . . . . 36
\circleddot . . . . . see \odot
\circleddotleft (”) . . 70
\circleddotright (“) . . 70
\CircledEq („) . . . . . . . 54
\circledequal (⊜) . . . . . 35
\circledequal (⊜) . . . . . 36
\clickc () . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\circledwhitebullet (⦾) 134 \clickt (R) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\circlehbar (⦵) . . . . . . . 36
\Clo (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\circleleft (’) . . . . . . 70
clock (package) . . . . 167, 226
\circlelefthalfblack (◐) 134
1i’
\clock () . . . . . . . . . . . 164
\circlellquad (◵) . . . . . 134
\circlelrquad (◶) . . . . . 134 \clock ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 167
\circleonleftarrow (⬰) . 81 clock symbols . . . . . 164–167,
\circleonrightarrow (⇴) 81 180–181
\circleright (‘) . . . . . 70 \ClockFramefalse . . . . . . 167
\circlerighthalfblack (◑) . \ClockFrametrue . . . . . . 167
. . . . . . . 134 \ClockLogo (U) . . . . . . . . 165
circles . . . . . . . . . . 120, 132– \ClockStyle . . . . . . . . . . 167
137, 170, 171, 176, 186– \clocktime . . . . . . . . . . . 167
d
187, 192, 202–203 \closedcurlyvee (¾) . . . . 30
\CircleShadow ( ) . . . . . 135
a
\closedcurlywedge (¼) . . 30
\CircleSolid ( ) . . . . . . 135 \closedequal (Ü) . . . . . . 49
\circletophalfblack (◓) 134 \closedniomega (?) . . . . 18
\circleulquad (◴) . . . . . 134 \closedprec (½) . . . . . . . 49
\circleurquad (◷) . . . . . 134 \closedrevepsilon () . . 18
\circleurquadblack (◔) . 134 \closedsucc (») . . . . . . . 49
\circlevertfill (◍) . . . 134 \closedvarcap (⩍) . . . . . 32
\Circpipe (›) . . . . . . . . . 123 \closedvarcup (⩌) . . . . . 32
\circplus (˘) . . . . . . . . 29 \closedvarcupsmashprod (⩐) .
\circplus (‹) . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . 32
\Circsteel (•) . . . . . . . . 123 \closure ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 100
circumflex (^ a) . . . see accents \closure (⁐) . . . . . . . . 52, 86
\circumflexus (ã) . . . . . 22 \closure (⁐) . . . . . . . . . 55

\cirE (⧃) . . . . . . . . . . . 134 \Cloud ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\cirfnint (⨐) . . . . . . . . . 44 clovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
\cirfnintsl (⨐) . . . . . . . 45 \Clu (q) . . . ... . . .... 143
\cirfnintup (⨐) . . . . . . . 45 clubs . . . . . . . ... . . 136, 137
\cirmid (⫯) . . . . . . . . . . . 85 \clubsuit (♣) .. . . .... 136
\cirmid (⫯) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \clubsuit (ô) ... . . .... 136
\cirscir (⧂) . . . . . . . . . 134 \clubsuit (♣) .. . . .... 136
\Cja (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \clubsuit (♣) ... . . .... 136
\Cjo (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \clubsuit (♣) ... . . .... 137
\Cka (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Cma (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cke (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Cme (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cki (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Cmi (y) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
240
cmll (package) . 27, 33, 46, 58,
93, 226
\Cmo (A) . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Cmu (B) . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Cna (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Cne (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Cni (C) . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Cno (E) . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Cnu (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\CO () . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\Co (o) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\coAsterisk (ˇ) . . . . . . .
\coAsterisk (`) . . . . . . .
\coasterisk (ˇ) . . . . . . .
i
\Coda () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
U \complement (∁) . . . . . . . 92
\coda () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
code page 1252 . . . . . . . . 223
table . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
code page 437 . . 122, 173, 221
\Coffeecup (K) . . . 165, 180
\coh (¨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
coins, ancient . . . . . . . . . 25
\Colon (∷) . . . . . . . . . . . 108
\Colon (∷) . . . . . . . . . . . 109
\colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
\colon ( : ) . . . . . . . . . . . 107
\colon (∶) . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
\colon (∶) . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
\Colonapprox () . . . . . 48
\Colonapprox (::≈) . . . . . 56
\colonapprox (:≈) . . . . . 58
\colonapprox (:≈) . . . . . . 56
\colonapprox (
) . . . . . . 48 \concavediamondtickleft (⟢)
\coloncolon (::) . . . . . . . 58
\coloncolonapprox (::≈) . 58
\coloncolonequals (::=) . 58
\coloncolonminus (::−) . . 58
\coloncolonsim (::∼) . . . 58
\Coloneq (H) . . . . . . . . . 48
\Coloneq (::−) . . . . . . . . . 56
\Coloneq (⩴) . . . . . . . . . 55
\coloneq (–) . . . . . . . 27, 48
\coloneq (:−) . . . . . . . . . 56
\coloneq (D) . . . . . . . . . 48
\coloneq (≔) . . . . . . . . . 52
\coloneq (∶=) . . . . . . . . . 49
\coloneq (≔) . . . . . . . . . 55
\Coloneqq (F) . . . . . . . . 48
\Coloneqq (::=) . . . . . . . . 56
\coloneqq (:=) . . . . . . . . 56
\coloneqq (B) . . . . . . 27, 48
\coloneqq (≔) . . . . . . . . 52
colonequals (package) . 27, 58,
226
\colonequals (:=) . . . 27, 58
\colonminus (:−) . . . . . . 58
\Colonsim () . . . . . . . . 48
\Colonsim (::∼) . . . . . . . . 56
\colonsim (:∼) . . . . . . . . 58
\colonsim (:∼) . . . . . . . . 56
\colonsim () . . . . . . . . 48
combelow (package) . 23, 226,
143 227
143 combinatorial logic gates . 123
comma-below accent (a, ) . . see
143
accents
143 \commaminus (⨩) . . . . . . . 32
143 communication symbols . . 123
143 commutative diagrams . . . 213
143 comp.text.tex (newsgroup) 11,
121 27, 28, 209–214
compass . . . . . . . . . 186–187
143
\compensation (n) . . . . . 169
29
\complement (A) . . . . . . . 91
31
\complement ({) . . . . . . . 91
29
\complement (ý) . . . . . . . 92
\complement (∁) . . . . . . . 92
\complement (∁) . . . . . . . 41

complete shuffle product ( ) 33
»
\COMPLEX ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 87
Ã
\Complex ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 87
complex numbers (C) . . . see
alphabets, math
composited accents . . . . . 19
Comprehensive TEX Archive
Network 1, 11, 102, 117,
123, 206, 223–225
computer hardware symbols 121
computer keys . . . . . . . . . 122
Computer Modern (font) 206,
208, 221
computer symbols . . 181–184
\ComputerMouse (Í) . . . . 121
\concavediamond (⟡) . . . 36
\CountriesOfEuropeFamily . .
. . . . . . . . 36
\concavediamondtickright
(⟣) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
\Conclusion (;) . . . . . . . 110
\cong () . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\cong (æ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\cong (≅) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\cong (≅) . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\cong (≅) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\congdot (⩭) . . . . . . . . . 55
\Congruent (]) . . . . . . . . 110
congruent . . . . . . see \equiv
\conictaper (⌲) . . . . . . . 114
\conjquant (⨇) . . . . . . . 43
⨇
\conjquant ( ) . . . . . . . 44
\Conjunction (q) . . . . . . 120
\conjunction (V) . . . . . . 119
conjunction, logical see \wedge
and \&
consequence relations . . . . 57
contradiction symbols . 27, 86
control characters . . . . . . 122
converse implication . . . . see
\leftarrow and \subset
converse nonimplication . . . . .
. . see \nleftarrow and
\nsubset
241
\convolution (˙) . . . . . . 29
\convolution (@) . . . . . . 31
\cooker ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\cooker ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
cooking symbols . . . 178, 179,
181–184
cookingsymbols (package) 178,
226, 227
\Cooley ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\Coppa (Ϙ) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\coppa (ϙ)∐︀ . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\coprod ( ) . . . . . . . . 27, 37
\coprod (∐) . . . . . . . . . . 42
\coprod (∐) . . . . . . . . . . 41
∐
\coprod ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 43
copyright . 13, 14, 25, 26, 222
\copyright (©) . . . . . . . 14
\copyright (○) c . . . . . . . 14
\corner (k) . . . . . . . . . . . 23
corners, box . . . . . . . . . . 173
\corona ( ̮) . . . . . . . . . . 172
\coronainv (Ϙ) . . . . . . . . 172
\Corresponds (=) . . . . . . 110
\corresponds (fl) . . . . . . 48
\corresponds () . . . . . . 54
\cos (cos) . . . . . . . . . 87, 219
\cosh (cosh) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\cot (cot) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\coth (coth) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\counterplay (V) . . . . . . 169
countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
European . . . . . . . . . 176
CountriesOfEurope (package) . .
. . . . 176, 226, 227
CountriesOfEurope (font) 178
. . . . . . . 178
Courier (font) . . . . . . . . . 24
CP1252 . . see code page 1252
CP437 . . . see code page 437
\Cpa (p) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cpe (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cpi (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cpo (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cpu (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\CR (-) . . . . . . . . . . 121, 122
\cr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
\Cra (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cre (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Creative Commons licenses 25,
26
crescent (fge package option) .
. . . . . . . 101
\crescHairpin ( ) . . . . 152
\Cri (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cro (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Croatia (‡) . . . . . . . . . . 177
\Cross (†) . . . . . . . . . . . 165
*
\Cross ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 129

\Cross ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135

\Cross ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135
 * 
\Cross († vs. vs. ) . . . 207
cross ratio . . see \textrecipe
\crossb () . . . . . . . . . . . 18
-
\CrossBoldOutline ( ) . . 129
4
\CrossClowerTips ( ) . . 129
\crossd (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\CrossedBox (X) . . . . . . . 130
\CrossedBox (X) . . . . . . . 130
\Crossedbox (X) . . . . . . . 130
crosses 129, 157–161, 165, 170,
171, 186–187
\crossh (#) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\crossing (œ) . . . . . . . . 52
.
\CrossMaltese ( ) . . . . . 129
\crossnilambda (3) . . . . 18
+
\CrossOpenShadow ( ) . . . 129
,
\CrossOutline ( ) . . . . . 129
crotchet see musical symbols
\crotchet ( C ) . . . . . . . . . 150
\crotchetDotted ( u ) . . . . 150
\crotchetDottedDouble ( u u ) .
. . . . . . . 150
\crotchetDottedDoubleDown
uu
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
u
\crotchetDottedDown ( ) 150
C
\crotchetDown ( ) . . . . . . 150
\crotchetRest ( ) . . . . . . 151
\crotchetRestDotted ( ) 151
Ŕ \curlyeqprec (⋞) . . . . . . 49
\crtilde (ã) . . . . . . . . . . 21
\Cru (V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
crucifixes . . 129, 165, 186–187
\Crux (†) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\crux (†) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
cryst (package) . . . . 202, 226
crystallography symbols . 202–
203
\CS (/-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Csa (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\csc (csc) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\Cse (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

\cshuffle ( ) . . . . . . . . 33
\Csi (Y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cso (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Csu (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\csub (⫏) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\csube (⫑) . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\csup (⫐) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\csupe (⫒) . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\Cta (t) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
CTAN see Comprehensive TEX
Archive Network
\Cte (T) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cti (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cto (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Ctrl ( Ctrl ) . . . . . . . . . 122
\Ctu (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cu (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\Cube ( 
) 166, \curlyz (^) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
209
cube root . . . . . . . see \sqrt
cube rotations . . . . . . . . . 185
\Cup (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\Cup (Ê) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\Cup (⋓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\Cup (⋓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\Cup (⋓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\cup (Y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\cup (∪) . . . . . . 28, 210, 219
\cup (ƒ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\cup (∪) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\cup (∪) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\cup (∪) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\cupbarcap (⩈) . . . . . . . . 32
\cupdot (⊍) . . . . . . . . . . 30
\cupdot (⊍) . . . . . . . . . . 30
\cupdot (⊍) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\Cupido (ä) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\cupleftarrow (¯) . . . 31, 79
\cupleftarrow (⊌) . . . . . 32
\cupovercap (⩆) . . . . . . . 32
\cupplus (⊎) . . . . . . . 30, 31
\cupplus (⊎) . . . . . . . . . . 30
\cupvee (⩅) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\curlyc () . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\curlyeqprec (ű) . . . . . . 48
\curlyeqprec (2) . . . . . . 47
\curlyeqprec (Ì) . . . . . . 54
\curlyeqprec (⋞) . . . . . . 52
\curlyeqprec (⋞) . . . . . . 55
\curlyeqsucc (ů) . . . . . . 48
\curlyeqsucc (3) . . . . . . 47
\curlyeqsucc (Í) . . . . . . 54
\curlyeqsucc (⋟) . . . . . . 52
\curlyeqsucc (⋟) . . . . . . 49
\curlyeqsucc (⋟) . . . . . . 55
\curlyesh (N) . . . . . . . . . 18
\curlyvee (O) . . . . . . . . 29
\curlyvee (g) . . . . . . . . 28
\curlyvee (Ï) . . . . . . . . . 31
\curlyvee (⋎) . . . . . . . . . 30
\curlyvee (⋎) . . . . . . . . . 30
\curlyvee (⋎) . . . . . . . . . 32
\curlyveedot (5) . . . . . . 30
\curlyveedownarrow (.) . 28
\curlyveedownarrow (Ý) 79
\curlyveeuparrow (/) . . . 28
\curlyveeuparrow (Ü) . . 79
\curlywedge (N) . . . . . . . 29
\curlywedge (f) . . . . . . . 28
\curlywedge (Î) . . . . . . . 31
\curlywedge (⋏) . . . . . . . 30
\curlywedge (⋏) . . . . . . . 30
\curlywedge (⋏) . . . . . . . 32
\curlywedgedot (4) . . . . 30
\curlywedgedownarrow (') 28
\curlywedgedownarrow (ß) 79
\curlywedgeuparrow (&) . 28
\curlywedgeuparrow (Þ) . 79
\curlyyogh (a) . . . . . . . . 18
\cwswarcarrow (™) . . . . . 75
\currency (¤) . . . . . . . . . 24
242
currency symbols . 24, 25, 114,
117
\curvearrowbotleft (ó) 70
\curvearrowbotleft (ó) . 79
\curvearrowbotleftright (õ)
. . . . . . . . 70
\curvearrowbotleftright (õ)
. . . . . . . . 79
\curvearrowbotright (ô) 70
\curvearrowbotright (ô) 79
\curvearrowdownup (Ë) . . 71
\curvearrowleft (ð) . . . 70
\curvearrowleft (x) . . . 69
\curvearrowleft (ð) . . . 79
\curvearrowleft (⤺) . . . 76
\curvearrowleft (↶) . . . 72
\curvearrowleft (↶) . . . 81
\curvearrowleftplus (⤽) 81
\curvearrowleftright (ò) 70
\curvearrowleftright (ò) 79
\curvearrowleftright (È) 71
\curvearrownesw (Ì) . . . 71
\curvearrownwse (Í) . . . 71
\curvearrowright (ñ) . . 70
\curvearrowright (y) . . 69
\curvearrowright (ñ) . . 79
\curvearrowright (”) . . 76
\curvearrowright (↷) . . 72
\curvearrowright (↷) . . 81
\curvearrowrightleft (Ê) 71
\curvearrowrightminus (⤼) .
. . . . . . . . 81
\curvearrowsenw (Ï) . . . 71
\curvearrowswne (Î) . . . 71
\curvearrowupdown (É) . . 71
\CutLeft (q) . . . . . . . . . 127
cutoff subtraction see \dotdiv
\CutRight (s) . . . . . . . . . 127
\CuttingLine (R) . . . . . . 127
\Cwa (w) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\cwcirclearrow (⥁) . . . . 81
\cwcirclearrowdown (⟳) 75
\cwcirclearrowleft (µ) 75
\cwcirclearrowright (↻) 75
\cwcirclearrowup (´) . . 75
\Cwe (W) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\cwgapcirclearrow (⟳) . 76
\cwgapcirclearrow (⟳) . 81
\Cwi (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\cwleftarcarrow (•) . . . . 75
\cwnearcarrow (⤵) . . . . . 75
\cwnwarcarrow (˜) . . . . . 75
\Cwo (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\cwopencirclearrow (↻) 76
\cwopencirclearrow (↻) 82,
134
\cwoverarcarrow (”) . . . 75
\cwrightarcarrow (⤸) . . . 75
\cwrightarcarrow (⤸) . . . 81
\cwsearcarrow (⤶) . . . . . 75
\cwunderarcarrow (–) . . 75
\cwundercurvearrow (⤾) . 81 \dashrightharpoondown (⥭) . \DDownarrow (⟱) . . . . .. 81
⟰
⟰
\Cxa (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 . . . . . . . . 83 ⟰
\DDownarrow ( ⟰⟰) . . .
⟰ .. 97
\DashV ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 48
\Cxe (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\DashV (Ú) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \Ddownarrow (⤋)⟱. . . . . .. 75
\Cya (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \DashV (⫥) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \Ddownarrow (⤋) . . . . . .. 81
⤊
⤊
\Cyo (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 ⤊
\DashV (⫥) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \Ddownarrow ( ⤊⤊
⤊) . . . .. 97
\cyprfamily . . . . . . . . . . 143 \Dashv ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 48 ⤋
Cypriot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \ddststile ( ) . . . . . .. 57
\Dashv (⫤) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
cypriot (package) 143, 226, 227 \Dashv (⫤) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \ddtstile ( ) ........ 57
\CYRSH (Ш) . . . . . . . . . . 209 \dashV (Û) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \ddttstile ( ) . . . . . . 57
\Cza (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \dashV (⫣) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\DE () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Czechia (ˆ) . . . . . . . . . . 177 \dashV (⫣) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\DeclareFontFamily 205, 218
\Czo (9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 \dashv (⊣) . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\DeclareFontShape . 205, 218
\dashv (⊣) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\DeclareMathOperator . . 219
D \dashv (⊣) . . . . . . . . . . . 50
\DeclareMathOperator* . 219
\D (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \dashv (⊣) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
¨ \declareslashed . . . . . . 211
d (esvect package option) . 104 \DashVDash (⟚) . . . . . . . 55
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter . .
\d (a.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 \dashVdash (⟛) . . . . . . . 55
. . . . . . . 224
d’Alembert operator . . . . see \dashVv (-) . . . . . . . . . . 48
\decofourleft ([) . . . . . 132
\laplac \dashVv (Ø) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\decofourright (\) . . . . 132
\DA () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \dashVv (ý) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\decoone (X) . . . . . . . . . 132
\dag (†) . . . . . . . . . . 14, 223 database symbols . . . . . . 114
decorative borders . . 191–197
\davidsstar (C) . . . . . . . 131
0
\dag (†) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 \decosix (]) . . . . . . . . . 132
\dagger (†) . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \DavidStar ( ) . . . . . . . 131
\dagger (ñ) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\dagger (†) . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\DavidStarSolid ( ) . . . 131/ \decothreeleft (Y) . . . . 132
\decothreeright (Z) . . . 132
\dBar (||) . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 \decotwo (a) . . . . . . . . . 132
\dalambert (å) . . . . . . . . 114 \dbar (¯
𝑑) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 \decrescHairpin ( ) . . 152
\daleth (k) . . . . . . . . . . 90 \dbend () . . . . . . . . . . 164 Dedekind, Richard . . . . . . 209
\daleth (ú) . . . . . . . . . . 90 \dbkarow (⤏) . . . . . . . 81, 82 definite-description operator ( ) 𝜄
\daleth (ℸ) . . . . . . . . . . 90 dblaccnt (package) . . . . . . 214 . . . . . . . 209
\daleth (ℸ) . . . . . . . . . . 90 \dblcolon (::) . . . . . . . . . 56 definition symbols . . . 27, 214
\daleth (ℸ) . . . . . . . . . . 91 \DCa (␑) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \deg (deg) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
dancers (package) . . . 198, 226 \DCb (␒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \degree (0) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
dancing men . . . . . . 198–200 \DCc (␓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \degree (°) . . . . . . . . . . . 118
\danger (☡) . . . . . . . . . . 114 \DCd (␔) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 degrees . . . . see \textdegree
\danger (B) . . . . . . . . . . 165 \dCooley ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179 \DEL (␡) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
dangerous bend symbols . 164 \DD () . . . . . . . . . . 121, 149 \DEL (␡) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\dAnnoey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179 \ddag (‡) . . . . . . . . . 14, 223 \Del ( Del ) . . . . . . . . . . 122
\DArrow ( ↓ ) . . . . . . . . 122 \ddag (‡) . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\Del ( Del ) . . . . . . . . . . 122
\dasharrow . . . . . . . . . . . see \ddagger (‡) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\dashrightarrow \ddagger (ò) . . . . . . . . . . 31 \Deleatur . . . . see \Denarius
\dasharrow (⇢) . . . . . . . 76 \ddagger (‡)∫︀ . . . . . . . . . . 32 delimiters . . . . . . . . . 93–100
\dasharrow (⤏) . . . . . . . 82 \ddashint (=) . . . . . . . . . 212 text-mode . . . . . 99, 100
\dashcolon (∹) . . . . . . . . 55 \Ddashv (ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . 52 variable-sized . . . . 94–99
\dasheddownarrow (⇣) . . . 71 \ddddot (⃜) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 wavy-line . . . . . . . 95–98
.... \Delta (Δ) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\dashedleftarrow (⇠) . . 71 \ddddot ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 100
\dashednearrow (d) . . . . 71 \dddot (⃛) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \delta (𝛿) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
... \deltaup (δ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\dashednwarrow (e) . . . . 71 \dddot ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\dashedrightarrow (⇢) . . 71 deminutum . . . . see musixgre
\dddtstile ( ) . . . . . .. 57
\dashedsearrow (g) . . . . 71 demisemiquaver . . see musical
\ddigamma (ϝ) . . . . . . . .. 144 symbols
\dashedswarrow (f) . . . . 71
\dasheduparrow (⇡) . . . . . 71 \DDohne (D /D) . . . . . . . . .. 149 \demisemiquaver ( Z ) . . . . 150
∫︀ \ddot ( ̈ ) . . . . . . . . . . .. 101

\dashint (−) . . . . . . . . . . 212 \demisemiquaverDotted ( Z ) .
\dashleftarrow (c) . . . . 69 \ddot (¨) . . . . . . . . . . .. 100
. . . . . . . 150
\dashleftarrow (⇠) . . . . 76 \ddotdot () . . . . . . . 30, 108
\demisemiquaverDottedDouble
\dashleftarrow (⇠) . . . . 72 \ddotdot () . . . . . . . 30, 108

. ( Z ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\dashleftarrow (⤎) . . . . 82 \ddots ( . . ) . . . . . . . . . . 109 \demisemiquaverDottedDoubleDown
\dashleftharpoondown (⥫) 83 Z
. (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\dashleftrightarrow (e) 70 \ddots ( . . ) . . . . . . 107, 213
\demisemiquaverDottedDown
\dashrightarrow (d) . . . 69 \ddots (⋱) . . . . . . . . ... 108 Z
\dashrightarrow (⇢) . . . 76 \ddots (⋱) . . . . . . . . ... 108 (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Z
\dashrightarrow (⇢) . . . 72 \ddots (⋱) . . . . . . . . ... 109 \demisemiquaverDown ( ) 150
\dashrightarrow (⤏) . . . 82 \ddotseq (⩷) . . . . . . ... 55 \Denarius (¢) . . . . . . . . 24

243
\denarius (Ε) . . . . . . . . 25
\Denmark (‰) . . . . . . . . . . 177
\dental (ag ) . . . . . . . . . . . 21
!
\Dep () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
derivitive, partial see \partial
Descartes’s equal sign (›) . . .
. . see \rightpropto and
\backpropto
) . . . 30, 108 \ding . 15, 126–131, 136, 137
\descnode () . . . . . . . . 119
\det (det) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\devadvantage (t) . . . . . 169
.
\Dfourier ( ... ) . . . . . . 58
\Dfourier (Ë) . . . . . . . . . 54
. \diamondminus (©) . . . . . 35
\dfourier ( ... ) . . . . . . 58
\dfourier (Ê) . . . . . . . . . 54
\DFT ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 107
\dft ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 107
\DH (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\DH (Ð) . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 222
\dh (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\dh (ð) . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 222
diacritics . . . . . . . see accents
\diaeresis (ä) . . . . . . . . 22
diæresis (ä) . . . . . see accents
\diagdown (å) . . . . . . . . 113
\diagdown () . . . . . . . . 112
\diagdown (Ü) . . . . . . . . 114
\diagdown (Ó) . . . . . . . . 50
\diagdown (⟍) . . . . . . . . 114
\diagonal (G) . . . . . . . . 169
\diagup (ä) . . . . . . . . . . 113
\diagup () . . . . . . . . . . 112
\diagup (Û) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\diagup (Ò) . . . . . . . . . . 50
\diagup (⟋) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\diameter (I) . . . . . . . . 113
\diameter () . . . . . . . . 27
\diameter (∅) . . . . . . . . 113
\diameter (∅) . . . . . . . . . 113
\diameter (⌀) . . . . . . . . . 114
\diameter () . . . . . . . . 164
\Diamond (^) . . . . . . . . . 112
\Diamond (3) . . . . . . . . . 112
\Diamond (◇) . . . . . . . . . 35
\Diamond (◇) . . . . . . . . . 34
\Diamond (◊) . . . . . . . . . 134
\diamond (◇) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\diamond (}) . . . . . . . 35, 133
\diamond (⋄) . . . . . . . . . . 35
\diamond (◇) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\diamond (⋄) . . . . . . . 36, 134
\diamondbackslash (ˆ) . 34
\diamondbackslash ({) . . 34
\diamondbar (ª) . . . . . . . 35
\Diamondblack (_) . . . . . 112
\diamondbotblack (⬙) . . 134
\diamondbslash (ˆ) . . . . 35
\diamondcdot (⟐) . . . . . . 35
\diamondcdot (⟐) . . . . . 134
\diamondcircle (®) . . . . 35
\diamonddiamond (Œ) . . . 34
\diamonddiamond () . . . 34
\Diamonddot () . . . . . . . 112
\diamonddot (⟐) . . . . . . . 34
\diamonddot (⟐) . . . . . . . 34
\DiamonddotLeft () . . 70
\Diamonddotleft (‡) . . 70
\DiamonddotRight (Ž) . . 70
\Diamonddotright (†) . . 70
\diamonddots (
\DiamondLeft () . . . . . 70
\Diamondleft (…) . . . . . 70
\diamondleftarrow (⤝) . 81
\diamondleftarrowbar (⤟) 81
\diamondleftblack (⬖) . 134
\diamondminus (…) . . . . . 34
\diamondminus (x) . . . . . 34
\diamondop (¨) . . . . . . . . 35
\diamondplus (¬) . . . . . . 35
\diamondplus (‰) . . . . . . 34
\diamondplus (|) . . . . . . 34
\DiamondRight (Œ) . . . . 70
\Diamondright („) . . . . 70
\diamondrightblack (⬗) 134
diamonds . . . . . . 28, 29, 34–
36, 70, 112, 132–137, 157–
161, 166, 186–187, 202–
203

\DiamondShadowA ( ) . . . 135

\DiamondShadowB ( ) . . . 135

\DiamondShadowC ( ) . . . 135
6
\Diamondshape ( ) . . . . . 135
\diamondslash (‡) . . . . . 34
\diamondslash (z) . . . . . 34
p
\DiamondSolid ( ) . . . . . 135
\diamondsuit (♢) . . . . . . 136
\diamondsuit (õ) . . . . . . 136
\diamondsuit (♢) . . . . . . 136
\diamondsuit (♢) . . . . . . 136
\diamondsuit (♢) . . . . . . 137
\diamondtimes («) . . . . . 35
\diamondtimes (Š) . . . . . 34
\diamondtimes (}) . . . . . 34
\diamondtopblack (⬘) . . 134
\diamondtriangle (­) . . . 35
\diamondvert (†) . . . . . . 34
\diamondvert (y) . . . . . . 34
\diatop . . . . . . . . . . 23, 214
\diaunder . . . . . . . . . 23, 214
dice . . . . . 166, 167, 203, 209
dice (package) . . . . . 203, 226
\dicei (⚀) . . . . . . . . . . . 167
\diceii (⚁) . . . . . . . . . . 167
\diceiii (⚂) . . . . . . . . . 167
\diceiv (⚃) . . . . . . . . . . 167
\dicev (⚄) . . . . . . . . . . . 167
\dicevi (⚅) . . . . . . . . . . 167
dictionary symbols 16–19, 172
dictsym (package) . . 172, 226
died . . . . . . . . see \textdied
differential, inexact see \dbar
\Digamma (\) . . . . . . . . . . 144
\Digamma (Ϝ) . . . . . . . . . 144
244
\digamma (z) . . . . . . 88, 144
\digamma (?) . . . . . . . . . . 144
\digamma (ϝ) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\digamma (ϝ) . . . . . . . . . . 144
digital logic gates . . . . . . 123
digits . . . . . . . . see numerals
\dim (dim) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\ding{33} (!) . . . . . . . . 127
\ding{34} (") . . . . . . . . 127
\ding{35} (#) . . . . . . . . 127
\ding{36} ($) . . . . . . . . 127
\ding{37} (%) . . . . . . . . . 137
\ding{38} (&) . . . . . . . . 137
\ding{39} (') . . . . . . . . 137
\ding{40} (() . . . . . . . . 137
\ding{41} ()) . . . . . . . . . 137
\ding{42} (*) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{43} (+) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{44} (,) . . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{45} (-) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{46} (.) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{47} (/) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{48} (0) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{49} (1) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{50} (2) . . . . . . . . 128
\ding{51} (3) . . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{52} (4) . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{53} (5) . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{54} (6) . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{55} (7) . . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{56} (8) . . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{57} (9) . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{58} (:) . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{59} (;) . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{60} (<) . . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{61} (=) . . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{62} (>) . . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{63} (?) . . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{64} (@) . . . . . . . . . 129
\ding{65} (A) . . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{66} (B) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{67} (C) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{68} (D) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{69} (E) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{70} (F) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{71} (G) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{72} (H) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{73} (I) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{74} (J) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{75} (K) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{76} (L) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{77} (M) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{78} (N) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{79} (O) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{80} (P) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{81} (Q) . . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{82} (R) . . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{83} (S) . . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{84} (T) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{85} (U) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{86} (V) . . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{87} (W) . . . . . . . . 131
\ding{88} (X) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{185} (¹) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{249} (ù) . . . . . . . 126
\ding{89} (Y) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{186} (º) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{250} (ú) . . . . . . . . 126
\ding{90} (Z) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{187} (») . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{251} (û) . . . . . . . 126
\ding{91} ([) . . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{188} (¼) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{252} (ü) . . . . . . . 126
\ding{92} (\) . . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{189} (½) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{253} (ý) . . . . . . . 126
\ding{93} (]) . . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{190} (¾) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{254} (þ) . . . . . . . 126
\ding{94} (^) . . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{191} (¿) . . . . . . . . 130 \dingasterisk (✽) . . . . . 114
\ding{95} (_) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{192} (À) . . . . . . . . 130 dingautolist . . . . . . . . . 130
\ding{96} (`) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{193} (Á) . . . . . . . . 130 dingbat (package) . . . 128, 137,
\ding{97} (a) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{194} (Â) . . . . . . . . 130 194, 207, 226
\ding{98} (b) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{195} (Ã) . . . . . . . . 130 dingbat symbols . . . 126–137
\ding{99} (c) . . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{196} (Ä) . . . . . . . . 130 \dInnocey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\ding{100} (d) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{197} (Å) . . . . . . . . 130 \Diple (>) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\ding{101} (e) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{198} (Æ) . . . . . . . . 130 \diple (>) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\ding{102} (f) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{199} (Ç) . . . . . . . . 130 \Diple* (>·· ) . . . . . . . . . . 171
\ding{103} (g) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{200} (È) . . . . . . . . 130 \diple* (>·· ) . . . . . . . . . . 171
\ding{104} (h) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{201} (É) . . . . . . . . 130 Dirac notation . . . . . . . . . 94
\ding{105} (i) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{202} (Ê) . . . . . . . . 130 \Direct (7) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\ding{106} (j) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{203} (Ë) . . . . . . . . 130 discount . see \textdiscount
\ding{107} (k) . . . . . . . . 131 \ding{204} (Ì) . . . . . . . . 130 discretionary hyphen . . . . 223
\ding{108} (l) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{205} (Í) . . . . . . . . 130 \Dish () . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
\ding{109} (m) . . . . . . . 136 \ding{206} (Î) . . . . . . . . 130 \disin (<) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\ding{110} (n) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{207} (Ï) . . . . . . . . 130 \disin (⋲) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\ding{111} (o) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{208} (Ð) . . . . . . . . 130 disjoint union . . . . . . . . . 27
\ding{112} (p) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{209} (Ñ) . . . . . . . . 130 \disjquant (⨈) . . . . . . . 43
⨈
\ding{113} (q) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{210} (Ò) . . . . . . . . 130 \disjquant ( ) . . . . . . . 43
\ding{114} (r) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{211} (Ó) . . . . . . . . 130 disjunction . . . . . . . see \vee
\ding{115} (s) . . . . . . . 136 \ding{212} (Ô) . . . . . . . 126 \displaystyle . 212–214, 219
\ding{116} (t) . . . . . . . 136 \ding{213} (Õ) . . . . . . . . 126 ditto marks see \textquotedbl
\ding{117} (u) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{214} (Ö) . . . . . . . 126 \div (÷) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\ding{118} (v) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{215} (×) . . . . . . . . 126 \div (|) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\ding{119} (w) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{216} (Ø) . . . . . . . . 126 \div (÷) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\ding{120} (x) . . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{217} (Ù) . . . . . . . 126 \div (÷) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\ding{121} (y) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{218} (Ú) . . . . . . . . 126 \div (÷) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\ding{122} (z) . . . . . . . . 136 \ding{219} (Û) . . . . . . . 126 \divdot (˜) . . . . . . . . . . 29
\ding{123} ({) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{220} (Ü) . . . . . . . 126 \divideontimes (¸) . . . . 29
\ding{124} (|) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{221} (Ý) . . . . . . . 126 \divideontimes (>) . . . . 28
\ding{125} (}) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{222} (Þ) . . . . . . . 126 \divideontimes (Ã) . . . . 31
\ding{126} (~) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{223} (ß) . . . . . . . . 126 \divideontimes (⋇) . . . . 30
\ding{161} (¡) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{224} (à) . . . . . . . 126 \divideontimes (⋇) . . . . 32
\ding{162} (¢) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{225} (á) . . . . . . . . 126 \Divides ([) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\ding{163} (£) . . . . . . . . 15 \ding{226} (â) . . . . . . . 126 \divides () . . . . . . . . . . 48
\ding{164} (¤) . . . . . . . 137 \ding{227} (ã) . . . . . . . 126 \divides (Ò) . . . . . . . . . 50
\ding{165} (¥) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{228} (ä) . . . . . . . 126 \DividesNot (\) . . . . . . . 110
\ding{166} (¦) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{229} (å) . . . . . . . 126 division . . . . 28, 102–103, 107
\ding{167} (§) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{230} (æ) . . . . . . . 126 long . . . . . . . . . 102–103
\ding{168} (¨) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{231} (ç) . . . . . . . . 126 non-commutative . . . 107
\ding{169} (©) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{232} (è) . . . . . . . 126 polynomial . . . . . . . . 102
\ding{170} (ª) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{233} (é) . . . . . . . . 126 division times . . . . . . . . . see
\ding{171} («) . . . . . . . . 137 \ding{234} (ê) . . . . . . . . 126 \divideontimes
\ding{172} (¬) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{235} (ë) . . . . . . . 126 divorced . see \textdivorced
\ding{173} (­) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{236} (ì) . . . . . . . 126 \divslash (/) . . . . . . . . . 30
\ding{174} (®) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{237} (í) . . . . . . . . 126 \DJ (Ð) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\ding{175} (¯) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{238} (î) . . . . . . . . 126 \dj (đ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\ding{176} (°) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{239} (ï) . . . . . . . 126 \DL () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\ding{177} (±) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{241} (ñ) . . . . . . . 126 \dLaughey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\ding{178} (²) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{242} (ò) . . . . . . . . 126 \dlbari (() . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\ding{179} (³) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{243} (ó) . . . . . . . 126 \DLE (␐) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\ding{180} (´) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{244} (ô) . . . . . . . . 126 \dlsh (ê) . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
\ding{181} (µ) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{245} (õ) . . . . . . . 126 \dlsh (ø) . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\ding{182} (¶) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{246} (ö) . . . . . . . . 126 \DM ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\ding{183} (·) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{247} (÷) . . . . . . . 126 \dndtstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\ding{184} (¸) . . . . . . . . 130 \ding{248} (ø) . . . . . . . 126 \dNeutrey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179

245
\dNinja ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\dnststile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\dntstile ( ) . . . . . . . . 57
\dnttstile ( ) . . . . . . 57
\dNursey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
do not enter . . . . see \noway
does not divide . . . see \nmid
does not exist . see \nexists
does not imply . . . . . . . . 211
\Dohne (D / ) . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Dohse, Max . . . . . . . . . . . 212
dollar . . . . . see \textdollar
dollar sign . . . . . . . . . . see \$
dominance . . . . . . see \prec
negative . . . . see \nprec
negative weak . . . . . see
\npreccurlyeq
strict . . . . . . . see \Prec
weak . see \preccurlyeq
\Dontwash (Ý) . . . . . . . . 165
\dot ( ̇ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
\dot ( ˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
dot accent (ȧ or . ) see accents
dot symbols 13, 107–109, 213
DotArrow (package) . 107, 226,
227
\dotarrow ( ≻ ) . . . . . . 107
\dotcong (≅) ˙ . . . . . . . . . . 52
\dotcup (∪) · . . . . . . . 27, 210
\dotdiv (´) . . . . . . . . . . 29
\Doteq . . . . . . see \doteqdot
\Doteq (≑) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\Doteq (≑) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\Doteq (≑) . . . . . . . . . 55, 56
\doteq () . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\doteq (ƒ) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\doteq (≐) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\doteq (≐) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\doteq (≐) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\doteqdot (+) . . . . . . . . 47
\doteqdot (Û) . . . . . . . . . 54
\doteqdot (≑) . . . . . . . . . 52
\doteqdot (≑) . . . . . . . . . 50
\doteqdot (≑) . . . . . . . . . 56
\dotequiv (⩧) . . . . . . . . . 55
dotless 𝑗 (𝚥)
text mode . . . . . . . . 19
dotless 𝑖 (𝚤)
math mode . . . 100, 112
text mode . . . . . . . . 19
dotless 𝑗 (𝚥)
math mode . . . 100, 112
\dotmedvert () . . . . . . . 30
\dotminus (†) . . . . . . . . . 54
\dotminus (∸) . . . . . . . . . 30
\dotminus () . . . . . . . . . 30
\dotminus (∸) . . . . . . . . . 32
\dotplus (`) . . . . . . . . . 29
\dotplus (u) . . . . . . . . . 28
\dotplus (Þ) . . . . . . . . . 31
\dotplus (∔) . . . . . . . . . 30
\dotplus (∔) . . . . . . . . . 32
\dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 \doublewedge (⩕) . . . . . . 29
\dots (. . . ) . . . . . . . . . . . 223 \DOWNarrow (L) . . . . . . . . 164
dots (ellipses) 13, 14, 107–109, \Downarrow (⇓) . . . . . . 69, 94
112, 213 \Downarrow (⇓) . . . . . . . . 75
\dotsb (· · · ) . . . . . . . . . . 108 Ë
Ë
Ë
Ë
Ë
\dotsb (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \Downarrow ( ⇓) . ...... 96
\dotsc (. . .) . . . . . . . . . . 108 \Downarrow (⇓) . . ...... 71
\dotseq („) . . . . . . . . . . 48 \Downarrow (⇓) . . ...... 81
\dotsi (· · · ) . . . . . . . . . . 108 ⇑
⇑
⇑
\dotsim (‰) . . . . . . . . . . 54 \Downarrow ( ⇑⇑) .
⇑ . . . . . . 98
\dotsim (⩪) \downarrow . .⇓. . . . . . . . . 219
¯ . . . . . . . . . . 55
\dotsint ( ) . . . . . . . . 40 \downarrow (↓) . . . . . . 69, 94
È
È
\dotsint (∫⋯∫) . . . . . . . . 43 È
È
È
\dotsm (· · · ) . . . . . . . . . . 108 \downarrow ( ↓) . . . . . . . 96
\dotsm (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \downarrow (↓) . . . . . . . . 75
\dotsminusdots (∺) . . . . 52 \downarrow (↓) . . . . . . . . 71
⏐
⏐
\dotsminusdots (∺) . . . . 55 ⏐
\downarrow ( ⏐
⏐) . . . . . . . 98
⏐
\dotso (. . .) . . . . . . . . . . 108
\downarrow (↓)↓ . . . . . . . . 81
dotted arrows . . . . . . . . . 107
\downarrowbar (⤓) . . . . . 81
dotted union (∪) ˙ . . . . . . . 219
\downarrowbarred (⤈) . . . 81
\dottedcircle (◌) . . . . . 134
\downarrowtail (#) . . . . . 75
\dottedsquare (⬚) . . . . . 134
.. . . . . . . 21 \downarrowtail (#) . . . . . 71
\dottedtilde (ã) \downAssert (⫧) . . . . . . . 52
\dottimes (ˆ) . . . . . . . . 29 \downassert (⫟) . . . . . . . 52
\dottimes (Œ) . . . . . . . . . 31 \downbkarrow (⇣) . . . . . . 75
\dottimes (⨰) . . . . . . . . . 31 \downblackarrow (0) . . . . 79
\dottimes (⨰) . . . . . . . . . 32 \downblackspoon (o) . . . . 85
\double . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
double acute (a̋) . see accents
—
\downbow () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\downbracketfill . . . . . . 215
\doublebarvee (⩢) . . . . . 32 \downdasharrow (#) . . . . . 79
\doublebarwedge (Z) . . . 29 \downdasharrow (⇣) . . . . . 81
\doublebarwedge ([) . . . 28 \downdownarrows (Ó) . . . 70
\doublebarwedge (Ò) . . . . 31 \downdownarrows () . . . 69
\doublebarwedge (⩞) . . . 31 \downdownarrows (—) . . . 79
\doublebarwedge (⩞) . . . . 32 \downdownarrows (⇊) . . . 75
\doublecap . . . . . . . see \Cap \downdownarrows (⇊) . . . 71
\doublecap (\) . . . . . . . . 29 \downdownarrows (⇊) . . . 81
\doublecap (⋒) . . . . . . . 31 \downdownharpoons (Û) . . 71
\doublecap (⋒) . . . . . . . . 30 Downes, Michael J. . . 87, 228
\doublecap (⋒) . . . . . . . . 32 \downfilledspoon (s) . . . 84
\doublecup . . . . . . . see \Cup \downfishtail (⥿) . . . . . 55
\doublecup (]) . . . . . . . . 29 \downfootline ({) . . . . . . 49
\doublecup (⋓) . . . . . . . 31 \downfree (⫝) . . . . . . . . . 49
\doublecup (⋓) . . . . . . . . 30 \downharpoonccw (⇂) . . . . 74
\doublecup (⋓) . . . . . . . . 32 \downharpooncw (⇃) . . . . . 74
\doublecurlyvee (7) . . . 30 \downharpoonleft (å) . . . 71
\doublecurlywedge (6) . . 30 \downharpoonleft () . . . 69
\doublefrown () . . . . . . 85 \downharpoonleft () . . . 80
\doublefrowneq (%) . . . . . 85 \downharpoonleft (⇃) . . . 78
\doublepawns (d) . . . . . . 169 \downharpoonleft (⇃) . . . 83
\doubleplus (⧺) . . . . . . . 32 \downharpoonleftbar (⥙) 83
\doublesharp ( ) . . . . . . . 151 \downharpoonright (ç) . . 71
\doublesmile () . . . . . . 85 \downharpoonright () . . 69
\doublesmileeq ($) . . . . . 85 \downharpoonright () . . 80
\doublesqcap (⩎) . . . . . . 31 \downharpoonright (⇂) . . 78
\doublesqcap (⩎) . . . . . . 30 \downharpoonright (⇂) . . 83
\doublesqcup (⩏) . . . . . . 31 \downharpoonrightbar (⥕) 83
\doublesqcup (⩏) . . . . . . 29 \downharpoonsleftright (⥥) .
y
\doublethumb () . . . . . . . 148 . . . . . . . . 83
\doubletilde (˜ ã) . . . . . . 21 \downlcurvearrow (⤸) . . . 76
\doublevee (⩖) . . . . . 30, 31 \downleftcurvedarrow (¢) 76
\doublevee (⩔) . . . . . . . . 29 \downlsquigarrow (‹) . . . 76
\doublewedge (⩕) . . . . 30, 31 \downlsquigarrow (£) . . . 71
246
\Downmapsto (/) . . . . . . . 75 %) . . . . . . . . . .
\DQ (
. . . . 121 \dWinkey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\downmapsto (↧) . . . . . . . 75 \dracma (Δ) . . . . . . . . . . . 25 \dXey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\downmapsto (↧) . . . . . . . 71 \draftingarrow (➛) . . . . 81 \dz () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\downModels (ó) . . . . . . . 49 \drbkarow (⤐) . . . . . . . 81
\downmodels (ï) . . . . . . . 52 \Dreizack ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179 E
\downmodels (ã) . . . . . . . 49 \droang ( ̚ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 e (esvect package option) . 104
\downp (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \drsh (ë) . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 \e (e ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\downparenthfill . . . . . . 215 \drsh (ù) . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 \e (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\downpitchfork (w) . . . . 86 𝜀-TEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\downpitchfork (⫛) . . . . . 84 \Earth (C) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\downpropto () . . . . . . . 49
\drumclef ( M ) . . . . . . . 149
\Earth (Ê) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\drWalley ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\downrcurvearrow (⤹) . . . 76 \Earth (Ñ) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\DS (SS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\downrightcurvedarrow (⤵) . \earth (♁) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Ds (ss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
. . . . . . . . 76 \eastcross (♱) . . . . . . . . 129
\downrightcurvedarrow (⤵) . ?
\ds () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 \EastPoint (’) . . . . . . . 120
. . . . . . . . 81 \dSadey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179 \Ecommerce () . . . . . . . 24
\downrsquigarrow () . . . 76 \dsaeronautical (a) . . . 172 \eggbeater ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\downrsquigarrow («) . . . 71 \dsagricultural (G) . . . 172 \eggbeater ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\egsdot (⪘) . . . . . . . . . . 65
\downslice (Â) . . . . . . . . 34 \dsarchitectural (A) . . 172
Z
\EightAsterisk ( ) . . . . 131
S
\downspoon (⫰) . . . . . . . . 85 \dsbiological (B) . . . . . 172
\downspoon (⫰) . . . . . . . . 84 \DSC (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 \EightFlowerPetal ( ) . 131
\downt (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Y
\dschemical (C) . . . . . . . 172 \EightFlowerPetalRemoved
\downtherefore (∵) . . . . 108 \dscommercial (c) . . . . . 172 ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 131
\downtherefore (∵) . 29, 108 \dsdtstile ( ) . . . .... 57 eighth note . . . . . see musical
\downtouparrow (ß) . . . . 70 \dSey ( ) . . . . . . . . .... 179 symbols ’
\downtouparrow (ë) . . . . 79 dsfont (package) . . . 116, 226 \eighthNote ( ) . . . . . . . 150
\downtriangleleftblack (⧨) \dsheraldical (H) . .... 172 \eighthnote (♪) . . . . . . . 147
. . . . . . . 133 \dsjuridical (J) . . .... 172 \eighthnote (♪) . . . . . . . 147
\downtrianglerightblack \dsliterary (L) . . . .... 172 \eighthnote () . . . ’. . . . 147
(⧩) . . . . . . . . . . . 133 \dsmathematical (M) .... 172 \eighthNoteDotted (
) . 150
\downuparrows (Œ) . . . . . 70 \dsmedical (m) . . . . .... 172 \eighthNoteDottedDouble
’
\downuparrows (⇵) . . . . . 75 \dSmiley ( ) . . . . . .... 179 (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\downuparrows () . . . . . 71 \dsmilitary (X) . . . .... 172 \eighthNoteDottedDoubleDown
\downuparrows (⇵) . . . . . 81

\dsol (⧶) . . . . . . . . .... 32 (  ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\downupcurvearrow (§) . . 76

\dsrailways (R) . . . .... 172 \eighthNoteDottedDown (  ) .
\downupharpoons (ë) . . . . 71 . . . . . . . 150
\dsststile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\downupharpoons (⥯) . . . 78 \eighthNoteDown (  ) . . . . 150
\downupharpoons (⥯) . . . . 74
\dstechnical (T) . . . . . . 172
H
\EightStar ( ) . . . . . . . 131
\downupharpoonsleftright \dststile ( ) ........ 57
I
\EightStarBold ( ) . . . . 131
(⥯) . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 \dsttstile ( ) ...... 57
F
\EightStarConvex ( ) . . 131
E
\downupharpoonsleftright \dsub (⩤) . . . . . . . . . . . 36
(⥯) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 \EightStarTaper ( ) . . . 131
\dtdtstile ( ) ....... 57
\downupsquigarrow (“) . . 76 \ejective (e) . . . . . . . . . 18
\downVDash (û) . . . . . . . . 52 \dtimes (⨲) . . . . . . . . 30, 31 electrical impulse . . . . . . . 118
\downVdash (⍑) . . . . . . . . 52 \dtimes (_) . . . . . . . . . . 32 electrical symbols . . . . . . 118
\downVdash (⍑) . . . . . . . . 50 \dtimes (") . . . . . . . . . . 29 electromotive force (E) . . . see
\downvDash (⫪) . . . . . . . . 52 \dTongey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179 alphabets, math
\downvdash (⊤) . . . . . . . . 52 \dtststile ( ) ....... 57 \electron (𝑎) . . . . . . . . 125
\downvdash (⊤) . . . . . . . . 49 element of . . . . . . . . . see \in
\dttstile ( ) ........ 57 elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\downwavearrow (‹) . . . . . 75
\downwhitearrow (%) . . . . 79 \dtttstile ( ) ...... 57 \elinters (⏧) . . . . . . . . 114
\ell (ℓ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\downwhitearrow (⇩) . . . . 81 \DU () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\ell (𝓁) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
b
\downY (/) . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \dualmap (⧟) . . . . . . . . . 85
\downY (+) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \dualmap (⧟) . . . . . . . . . 55 \Ellipse ( ) . . . . . . . . . 135
\downzigzagarrow () . . . 79 ellipses (dots) 13, 14, 107–109,
\downzigzagarrow (↯) . . . 76 \duevolte () . . . . . . . . . . 148 112, 213
\downzigzagarrow (↯) . . . 81
N
duodecimal (base 12) ellipses (ovals) . 135, 136, 157–
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan . 200 numerals . . . . . . . . . 110 161, 186–187, 192, 202–

dozenal (package) 110, 168, 226
dozenal (base 12)
numerals . . . . . . . . . 110
tally markers . . . . . . 168
\dprime (″) . . . . . . . . . . 111
e
tally markers . . . . . . 168 203
\EllipseShadow ( ) . . . . 135
c
DVI . . . . . . . . . 26, 122, 216
.dvi files . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 \EllipseSolid ( ) . . . . . 135
\dVomey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179 \elsdot (⪗) . . . . . . . . . . 65
\dWalley ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179 \EM (␙) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

247
\Email (k) . . . . . . . . . . . 123 \EOGod (ď) . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOnuu (a) . . . . . . . . . 145
\EmailCT (z) . . . . . . . . . 123
\EOGoUp (Â) . . . . . . . . 145
\emgma (M) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \EOofficerI ({) . . . . . . 145
Emmentaler (font) . . . . . . 152 \EOgovernor (ę) . . . . . 145
emoticons . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \EOGuise (z) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOofficerII (|) . . . . . 145


\empty ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \EOHallow (¡) . . . . . . . 145
\EOofficerIII (}) . . . . 145
empty set . . . . . . . . 111–114 \EOi ( ) .... . . . . . . . 146
\emptyset (∅) . . . . . . . . . 112 \EOii (
) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\emptyset (∅) . . . . . . . . 113 \EOofficerIV (~) . . . . 145
\EOiii () . . . . . . . . . 146
\emptyset (∅) . . . . . . . . . 113 \EOiv () . . . . . . . . . . 146 \EOpa (3) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\emptyset (∅) . . . . . . . . . 111 \EOix (˘) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \EOpak (n) . . . . . . . . . 145
\emptysetoarr (⦳) . . . . . 111
\emptysetoarrl (⦴) . . . . 111 \EOja (V) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOPatron (Ś) . . . . . . 145
\emptysetobar (⦱) . . . . . 111
\EOjaguar (ĺ) . . . . . . 145 \EOPatronII (Ů) . . . . . . 145
\emptysetocirc (⦲) . . . . 111
\EOpe (1) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EN () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \EOje (U) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOpenis (ť) . . . . . . . . 145
\enclosecircle (⃝) . . . . . 133 \EOJI (-) . . . . . . . . . . . 145
\enclosediamond (⃟) . . . . . 133 \EOji (T) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOpi (0) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\enclosesquare (⃞) . . . . . 133
\EOjo (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\enclosetriangle (⃤) . . . . 133 \EOPierce (Ÿ) . . . . . . . 145
\End ( End ) . . . . . . . . . . 122 \EOju (X) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOPlant (Ę) . . . . . . . . 145
end of proof . . . . . . . . . . 112 \EOkak (m) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOPlay (Ğ) . . . . . . . . 145
\ending (L) . . . . . . . . . . 169 \EOke (D) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOpo (6) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\eng (8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \EOpriest (ţ) . . . . . . . 145
\EOki (C) . . . . . . . . . . 145
engineering symbols . 114, 118,
123 \EOPrince (Ĺ) . . . . . . . 145
\EOkij (Ź) . . . . . . . . . 145
\engma (n) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \EOpu (5) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\enleadertwodots (‥) . . . 109 \EOKing (Ă) . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOpuu (2) . . . . . . . . . 145
\ENQ (␅) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\EOknottedCloth (ł) . . 145
entails . . . . . . . . see \models \EOpuuk (o) . . . . . . . . 145
\EOknottedClothStraps (ń)
\Enter ( Enter ) . . . . . . . 122
. . . . . . . 146 \EORain (Ä) . . . . . . . . 145
enumerate . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

\Envelope ( ) . . . . . .... 137
\EOko (H) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOku (G) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOSa (L) . . . . . . . . . . 145
envelopes . . . . . . . . 137, 175 \EOkuu (E) . . . . . . . . . 146
\enya (N) . . . . . . . . .... 18 \EOsa (R) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOafter (§) . . . . .... 144 \EOLetBlood (Ã) . . . . . 146 \EOsacrifice (Å) . . . . 145
\EOloinCloth (Ą) . . . . 146
\EOandThen (Ş) . . . . . . 144 \EOSaw (y) . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOAppear (Ť) . . . . . . . 144 \EOlongLipII (Ć) . . . . 146
\EOLord (ň) . . . . . . . . 146 \EOScorpius (q) . . . . . 145
\EOBeardMask (t) . . . . 144
\EOLose (Č) . . . . . . . . 146
\EOBedeck (ą) . . . . . . . 144 \EOset (Â) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOma (]) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \EOSi (I) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOBlood (u) . . . . . . . . 145
\EOmacaw (ŋ) . . . . . . . . 146 \EOsi (O) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EObrace (ć) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOsing (ů) . . . . . . . . 146
\EOmacawI (ŕ) . . . . . . . 146
\EObuilding (Æ) . . . . . 145 \EOme ([) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \EOSini (ľ) . . . . . . . . 146

\EOBundle (v) . . . . . . 145 \EOskin (ÿ) . . . . . . . . 146

\EOmexNew (Ď) . . . . . . . 146
\EOChop (w) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOSky (Ľ) . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOmi (Z) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOMiddle (Ě) . . . . . . . 144
\EOChronI (Ř) . . . . . . 145 \EOskyAnimal (ś) . . . . 146
\EOCloth (x) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOskyPillar (Ł) . . . . 146
\EOmonster (ő) . . . . . 144
\EODealWith (r) . . . . . 145
\EOMountain (ě) . . . . . 144 \EOsnake (Ż) . . . . . . 146
\EODeer (Ţ) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOmuu (\) . . . .. . . . . 144 \EOSo (N) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOna (b) . . . . .. . . . . 144 \EOSpan (,) . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOeat (Ű) . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOne (‘) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOflint (đ) . . . . . . . 145 \EOSprinkle (Ń) . . . . . 146
\EOni (^) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOflower (č) . . . . . . . 145 \EOstar (Ž) . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOnow (š) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOFold (Ä) . . . . . . . . 145 \EOnu (c) . . . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOStarWarrior (ź) . . 144

248
\EOstarWarrior (Ň) . . 146 \EOwi (d) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \Eqqcolon (=::) . . . . . . . . 56
\EOstep (ű) . . . . . . . . . 144 \eqqcolon (=:) . . . . . . . . 56
\EOwo (i) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOSu (M) . . . . . . . . . . 144 \eqqcolon (C) . . . . . . . . 48
\EOwuu (f) . . . . . . . . . 146
\EOx (¯) . . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqqcolon (≕) . . . . . . . . 52
\EOsu (S) . . . . . . . . . . 144
\eqqgtr (⪚) . . . . . . . . . . 65
\EOsun (ž) . . . . . . . . . 144 \EOxi (˙) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqqless (⪙) . . . . . . . . . 65
\EOSuu (K) . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOxii (¸) . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqqplus (⩱) . . . . . . . . . 32
\EOxiii (˛) . . . . . . . . 146 \eqqsim (⩳) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\EOsuu (Q) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \eqqslantgtr (⪜) . . . . . . 65
\EOT (␄) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \EOxiv (‚) . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqqslantless (⪛) . . . . . 65
\EOta (:) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOxix („) . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqsim (h) . . . . . . . . . . . 48
\EOte (8) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \eqsim (Ò) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\EOxv (‹) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\eqsim (≂) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\EOthrone (ż) . . . . . . 145 \EOxvi (›) . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqsim (≂) . . . . . . . . . . . 50
\EOti (7) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \eqsim (≂) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\EOxvii (“) . . . . . . . . 146
\eqslantgtr (ů) . . . . . . . 62
\EOTime (ij) . . . . . . . . . 145 \EOxviii (”) . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantgtr (1) . . . . . . . 61
\EOxx («) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantgtr (Ë) . . . . . . . 65
\EOtime (IJ) . . . . . . . . 145
\EOya (l) . . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantgtr (⪖) . . . . . . . 64
\EOTitle (£) . . . . . . . . 145 \eqslantgtr (⪖) . . . . . . . 63
\EOyaj (p) . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantgtr (⪖) . . . . . . . 65
\EOTitleII (Ŋ) . . . . . . 145
\EOye (j) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantless (ű) . . . . . . 62
\EOTitleIV (ş) . . . . . . 145
\EOYear (s) . . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantless (0) . . . . . . 61
\EOto (<) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\EOyuu (k) . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqslantless (Ê) . . . . . . 65
\EOtu (;) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \eqslantless (⪕) . . . . . . 64
\EOzero () . . . . . . . . 146
\EOtuki (Ő) . . . . . . . . . 145 \EP () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \eqslantless (⪕) . . . . . . 63
\eparsl (⧣) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \eqslantless (⪕) . . . . . . 65
\EOtukpa (İ) . . . . . . . 145 Epi-Olmec script . . . 144–146 \eqsmile (") . . . . . . . . . . 85
epiolmec (package) . . 144, 146, \equal (=) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\EOturtle (À) . . . . . . 145 226, 227 \equal (=) . . . . . . . . . . . 50
\EOtuu (9) . . . . . . . . . 145 epsdice (package) . . . 167, 226 \equal (j) . . . . . . . . . . . 169
\epsdice ( ) . . . 167 \equalclosed (Ý) . . . . . . 50
\EOtza (@) . . . . . . . . . . 145 \equalleftarrow (⭀) . . . 81
\epsi (") . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\EOtze (>) . . . . . . . . . 145 \Epsilon (E) . . . . . . . . . 88 \equalparallel (ô) . . . . 54
\epsilon (𝜖) . . . . . . . . . . 88 \equalparallel (⋕) . . . . 56
\EOtzetze (Ŕ) . . . . . . 145 \equalrightarrow (⥱) . . 81
\epsilonup () . . . . . . . . 89
\EOtzi (=) . . . . . . . . . 145 \eqbump () . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \equalscolon (=:) . . . . . 58
\eqbumped (‰) . . . . . . . . 48 \equalscoloncolon (=::) . 58
\EOtzu (B) . . . . . . . . . . 145
\eqbumped (…) . . . . . . . . . 54 \equalsfill . . . . . . . 27, 214
\EOtzuu (?) . . . . . . . . 145 \eqcirc (ff) . . . . . . . . . . 48 equidecomposable . . . . . . 210
\eqcirc (P) . . . . . . . . . . 47 equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . see
\EOundef () . . . . . . . . 145 \eqcirc (Ú) . . . . . . . . . . 54 \rightleftharpoons
\EOv (¨) . . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqcirc (≖) . . . . . . . . . . 52 \Equiv (≣) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\eqcirc (≖) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \equiv (≡) . . . . . . . . . 27, 46
\EOvarBeardMask (ă) . . 145 \eqcirc (≖) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \equiv (≡) . . . . . . . . . . . 51
\EOvarja (W) . . . . . . . 145 \Eqcolon (I) . . . . . . . . . 48 \equiv (≡) . . . . . . . . . . . 50
\EOvarji (.) . . . . . . . . 145 \Eqcolon (−::) . . . . . . . . . 56 \equiv (≡) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\eqcolon (—) . . . . . . . . . 48 \Equivalence (?) . . . . . . 110
\EOvarki (/) . . . . . . . 145 \eqcolon (−:) . . . . . . . . . 56 equivalence . . . . . see \equiv,
\EOvarkuu (F) . . . . . . 145 \eqcolon (E) . . . . . . . . . 48 \leftrightarrow, and
\EOvarni (_) . . . . . . . . 145 \eqcolon (≕) . . . . . . . . . 52 \threesim
\EOvarpa (4) . . . . . . . 145 \eqcolon (≕) . . . . . . . . . 55 \equivclosed (Þ) . . . . . . 50
\EOvarSi (J) . . . . . . . 146 \eqdef (≝) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \equivDD (⩸) . . . . . . . . . 56
\EOvarsi (P) . . . . . . . 146 \eqdot (⩦) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \equivVert (⩨) . . . . . . . . 56
\eqdot (⩦) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \equivVvert (⩩) . . . . . . . 56
\EOvartza (A) . . . . . . 146
\eqdot (⩦) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \eqvparsl (⧥) . . . . . . . . . 55
\EOvarwuu (g) . . . . . . . 146
\eqeq (⩵) . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \er () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\EOvarYear (Ã) . . . . . 146
\eqeqeq (⩶) . . . . . . . . . 56 \Eros (@) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\EOvi (˝) . . . . . . . . . . 146
\eqfrown (#) . . . . . . . . . . 85 \errbarblackcircle (⧳) . 133
\EOvii (˚) . . . . . . . . . 146 \errbarblackdiamond (⧱) 133
\eqgtr (⋝) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\EOviii (ˇ) . . . . . . . . 146
\eqleftrightarrow (÷) . 79 \errbarblacksquare (⧯) . 133
\EOwa (h) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \eqless (⋜) . . . . . . . . . . 65 \errbarcircle (⧲) . . . . . 133
\EOwe (e) . . . . . . . . . . 146 \Eqqcolon (G) . . . . . . . . 48 \errbardiamond (⧰) . . . . 133

249
\errbarsquare (⧮) . . . . . 133 extpfeil (package) .. . 107, 226 \faBatteryEmpty (š) . . . 181
\errorsym (𝑞) . . . . . . . . 125 extraipa (package) . . . 21, 226 \faBatteryFull (–) . . . 181
es-zet . . . . . . . . . . . . see \ss \eye ( E ) .... .. . . . . . 137 \faBatteryHalf (˜) . . . 181
\ESC (␛) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \EyesDollar (¦) .. . . . . . 24 \faBatteryQuarter (™) . 181
\Esc ( Esc ) . . . . . . . . . . 122 \faBatteryThreeQuarters
escapable characters . . . . 13 F (—) . . . . . . . . . . . 181
\esh (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 f (esvect package option) . 104 \faBed () . . . . . . . . . . 182
\esh (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \f (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 \faBeer (è) . . . . . . . . . . 182
esint (package) . . . . . . 40, 226 \fa (¿) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faBehance ($) . . . . . . . 182
\Estatically (J) . . . . . . 124 \faAdjust (Î) . . . . . . . . 181 \faBehanceSquare (%) . . 182
estimated see \textestimated \faAdn (Ï) . . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faBell (ê) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\Estonia (Š) . . . . . . . . . . 177 \faAlignCenter (Ð) . . . . 181 \faBellO (é) . . . . . . . . . 182
esvect (package) . . . . 104, 226 \faAlignJustify (Ñ) . . . 181 \faBellSlash (W) . . . . . 182
\Eta (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \faAlignLeft (Ò) . . . . . . 181 \faBellSlashO (X) . . . . 182
\eta (𝜂) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \faAlignRight (Ó) . . . . . 181 \faBicycle (e) . . . . . . . 182
\etaup (η) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \faAmazon (À) . . . . . . . . 181 \faBinoculars (I) . . . . . 182
\ETB (␗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \faAmbulance (Ô) . . . . . 181 \faBirthdayCake (]) . . . 182
\eth (ð) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 \faAnchor (Õ) . . . . . . . . 181 \faBitbucket (A) . . . . . . 182
\eth (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \faAndroid (Ö) . . . . . . . . 181 \faBitbucketSquare (ë) . 182
\eth (ð) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 \faAngellist (h) . . . . . . 181 \faBitcoin (ò) . . . . . . . . 24
\eth () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \faAngleDoubleDown (∠) . 181 \faBlackTie (L) . . . . . . . 182
\ETX (␃) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \faAngleDoubleLeft (∠) . 181 \faBold (ì) . . . . . . . . . . 182
eufrak (package) . . . . . . . 116 \faAngleDoubleRight (∠) 181 \faBolt (í) . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Euler Roman . . . . . . . . . . 89 \faAngleDoubleUp (∠) . . . 181 \faBomb (F) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\Eulerconst (ℇ) . . . . . . . 92 \faAngleDown (∠) . . . . . . 181 \faBook (î) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\EUR (e ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faAngleLeft (∠) . . . . . . . 181 \faBookmark (ï) . . . . . . . 182
\EURcr (d) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faAngleRight (∠) . . . . . . 181 \faBookmarkO (ð) . . . . . . 182
\EURdig (D) . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faAngleUp (∠) . . . . . . . . 181 \faBriefcase (ñ) . . . . . . 182
\EURhv (c) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faApple () . . . . . . . . . 181 \faBtc (ò) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
ÿ
\Euro ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 \faArchive (Ü) . . . . . . .
\faAreaChart (^) . . . . .
181
181
\faBtc (ò) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\euro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 \faBug (ó) . . . . . . . . . . . 182
euro signs . . . . . . . . . . 24, 25 \faArrowCircleDown (○) . 127 \faBuilding () . . . . . . . 182
blackboard bold . . . . 117 \faArrowCircleLeft (○) . 127 \faBuildingO (ô) . . . . . . 182
\eurologo (() . . . . . . . . . 25 \faArrowCircleODown (.) 127 \faBullhorn (õ) . . . . . . 182
European countries . . . . . 176 \faArrowCircleOLeft (○) 127 \faBullseye (◎) . . . . . . . 182
eurosym (package) . . . 25, 226 \faArrowCircleORight (
) 127 \faBus (f) . . . . . . . . . . . 182
\EURtm (e) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faArrowCircleOUp (3) . . 127 \faBuysellads (l) . . . . . 182
euscript (package) . . 116, 226 \faArrowCircleRight (○) 127 \faCab (*) . . . . . . . . . . 184
evaluated at . . . . . see \vert \faArrowCircleUp (○) . . 127 \faCalculator (P) . . . . . 182
evil spirits . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 \faArrowDown (Þ) . . . . . . 127 \faCalendar (÷) . . . . . . . 182
\exciton (𝑖) . . . . . . . . 125 \faArrowLeft (ß) . . . . . . 127 \faCalendarCheckO (Ä) . 182
\Exclam (‼) . . . . . . . . . . . 114 \faArrowRight (à) . . . . . 127 \faCalendarMinusO (Â) . 182
exclusive disjunction . . . . . . . \faArrows (®) . . . . . . . . 127 \faCalendarO (ø) . . . . . . 182
. see \nleftrightarrow \faArrowsAlt (i) . . . . . . 127 \faCalendarPlusO (Á) . . 182
\nequiv, and \oplus \faArrowsH (Ø) . . . . . . . 127 \faCalendarTimesO (Ã) . 182
exclusive or . . . . . . . . . . . 209 \faArrowsV (Ú) . . . . . . . . 127 \faCamera (ù) . . . . . . . . 182
\exists (D) . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \faArrowUp (á) . . . . . . . 127 \faCameraRetro (ú) . . . . 182
\exists (∃) . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \faAsterisk (*) . . . . . . . 181 \faCar ()) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\exists (∃) . . . . . . . . . . 92 \faAt ([) . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faCaretDown (û) . . . . . . 182
\exists (∃) . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \faAutomobile ()) . . . . 184 \faCaretLeft (ü) . . . . . . . 182
\exists (∃) . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \faBackward (ã) . . . . . . . 181 \faCaretRight (ý) . . . . . . 182
\exp (exp) . . . . . . . . . . . 87 \faBalanceScale (¤) . . . 181 \faCaretSquareODown () 182
\experimentalsym (𝑣) . . 125 \faBan (○) . . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faCaretSquareOLeft () 182
\Explosionsafe (`) . . . . 124 \faBank () . . . . . . . . . . 184 \faCaretSquareORight () 182
extarrows (package) . 106, 226 \faBarChart (|) . . . . . . 181 \faCaretSquareOUp () . . 182
extensible accents . . 102–105, \faBarChartO (|) . . . . . 184 \faCaretUp (þ) . . . . . . . . 182
107, 214–215 \faBarcode (æ) . . . . . . . 181 \faCartArrowDown (t) . . 182
extensible arrows . . . 102–107 \faBars (Ó) . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faCartPlus (s) . . . . . . . 182
extensible braces . . . 102–105 \faBattery0 (š) . . . . . . 184 \faCc (i) . . . . . . . . . . . 182
extensible symbols, creating . . \faBattery1 (™) . . . . . . 184 \faCcAmex (E) . . . . . . . . 182
. . . . . . 214–215 \faBattery2 (˜) . . . . . . 184 \faCcDinersClub (¢) . . . 182
extensible tildes . . . . 102, 105 \faBattery3 (—) . . . . . . 184 \faCcDiscover (T) . . . . 182
extension characters . . 86, 87 \faBattery4 (–) . . . . . . 184 \faCcJcb (¡) . . . . . . . . 182

250
\faCcMastercard (S) . . . 183
\faCcPaypal (U) . . . . . . 183
\faCcStripe (V) . . . . . . 183
\faCcVisa () . . . . . . . . 183
\faCertificate (ÿ) . . . . 183
faces . . . . . . . . 114, 122, 138,
164, 165, 172, 174, 178–
184, 188–190
\faChain (”) . . . . . . . . . 184
\faChainBroken (0) . . . . 183
\faCheck (±) . . . . . . . . . 130
\faCheckCircle (³) . . . . 130
\faCheckCircleO (○) . . . 130
\faCheckSquare () . . . . 130
\faCheckSquareO ( ) . . . 130
\faChevronCircleDown () 127
\faChevronCircleLeft () 127
\faChevronCircleRight ( ) .
. . . . . . . 127
\faChevronCircleUp (
) . 127
\faChevronDown () . . . . 127
\faChevronLeft () . . . . 127
\faChevronRight () . . . 127
\faChevronUp () . . . . . . 127
\faChild ( ) . . . . . . . . . 183
\faChrome (¹) . . . . . . . . 183
\faCircle (○) . . . . . . . . 136
\faCircleO (○␣) . . . . . . . 136
\faCircleONotch (;) . . . 136
\faCircleThin (A) . . . . . 136
\faClipboard (¶) . . . . . . 183
\faClockO () . . . . . . . . 183
\faClone (£) . . . . . . . . . 183
\faClose (Ï) . . . . . . . . . 130
\faCloud () . . . . . . . . . 183
\faCloudDownload () . . 183
\faCloudUpload () . . . . 183
\faCny (‰) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faCode () . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faCodeFork () . . . . . . . 183
\faCodepen (8) . . . . . . . 183
\faCoffee () . . . . . . . . 183
\faCog () . . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faCogs () . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faColumns () . . . . . . . 183
\faComment () . . . . . . . 183
\faCommenting (Ê) . . . . . 183
\faCommentingO (Ë) . . . . 183
\faCommentO () . . . . . . 183
\faComments () . . . . . . 183
\faCommentsO ( ) . . . . . . 183
\faCompass (☼) . . . . . . . 183
\faCompress (Ù) . . . . . . . 183
\faConnectdevelop (m) . 183
\faContao (¾) . . . . . . . . 183
\Facontent ( ) . . . . . 110
\faCopy (") . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faCopyright (Z) . . . . . . 25
\faCreativeCommons (³) 25
\faCreditCard (#) . . . . . 183
\faCrop ($) . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faCrosshairs (á) . . . . . 183
\faCss3 (%) . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faCube (") . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faFilePdfO () . . . . . . . 181
\faCubes (#) . . . . . . . . 183 \faFilePhotoO (2) . . . . . 184
\faCut (&) . . . . . . . . . . . 184 \faFilePictureO (2) . . . 184
\faCutlery (e) . . . . . . . . 183 \faFilePowerpointO (1) . 181
\faDashboard (') . . . . . . 184 \faFilesO (") . . . . . . . . 181
\faDashcube (G) . . . . . . . 183 \faFileSoundO (4) . . . . . 184
\faDatabase () . . . . . . . 183 \faFileText (V) . . . . . . . 181
\faDedent (ƒ) . . . . . . . . 184 \faFileTextO (W) . . . . . . 181
\faDelicious () . . . . . . 183 \faFileVideoO (5) . . . . . 181
\faDesktop (() . . . . . . . 183 \faFileWordO (/) . . . . . . 181
\faDeviantart (-) . . . . . 183 \faFileZipO (3) . . . . . . . 184
\faDiamond (u) . . . . . . . 183 \faFilm (X) . . . . . . . . . . 181
\faDigg () . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faFilter (Y) . . . . . . . . 181
\faDollar (5) . . . . . . . . . 24 \faFire (Z) . . . . . . . . . . 181
\faDotCircleO (○) . . . . . 136 \faFireExtinguisher ([) 181
\faFirefox (º) . . . . . . . 181
\faDownload (/) . . . . . . . 183
\faFlag (\) . . . . . . . . . . 181
\faDribbble (0) . . . . . . . 183
\faFlagCheckered (^) . . 181
\faDropbox (1) . . . . . . . 183
\faFlagO (]) . . . . . . . . . 181
\faDrupal () . . . . . . . . 183
\faFlash (í) . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faEdit (2) . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faEject (4) . . . . . . . . . 183 \faFlask (ç) . . . . . . . . . 181
\faEllipsisH (…) . . . . . . 183 \faFlickr (_) . . . . . . . . 181
\faEllipsisV (…) . . . . . . . 183 \faFloppyO (à) . . . . . . . 181
\faEmpire () . . . . . . . . 183 \faFolder (`) . . . . . . . . 181
\faEnvelope (8) . . . . . . 184 \faFolderO (a) . . . . . . . 181
\faEnvelopeO (7) . . . . . . 184 \faFolderOpen (b) . . . . . 181
\faEnvelopeSquare () . . 184 \faFolderOpenO (c) . . . . 181
\faEraser (
) . . . . . . . . 184 \faFont (d) . . . . . . . . . . 181
\faEur (9) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faFonticons () . . . . . . 181
\faEur (9) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faForumbee (n) . . . . . . . 181
\faForward (f) . . . . . . . 181
\faEuro (9) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faExchange (:) . . . . . . 184 \faFoursquare (g) . . . . . 181
\faExclamation (;) . . . . . 184 \faFrownO (h) . . . . . . . . 182
\faExclamationCircle (<) 184 \faFutbolO (G) . . . . . . . 182
\faExclamationTriangle (>) \faGamepad (j) . . . . . . . 182
. . . . . . . 184 \faGavel () . . . . . . . . . 182
\faExpand (×) . . . . . . . . 184 \faGbp (k) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faExpeditedssl (•) . . . 184 \faGe () . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faExternalLink (=) . . . 184 \faGear () . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faExternalLinkSquare () . \faGears () . . . . . . . . . 184
. . . . . . . 184 \faGenderless (†) . . . . . 124
\faEye (?) . . . . . . . . . . . 184 \faGetPocket (¶) . . . . . . 182
\faEyedropper (\) . . . . . 184 \faGg (I) . . . . . . . . . . . 182
\faEyeSlash (>) . . . . . . 184 \faGgCircle (J) . . . . . . 182
\faFacebook (M) . . . . . . . 184 \faGift (l) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\faFacebookF (M) . . . . . . 184 \faGit (<) . . . . . . . . . . . 182
\faFacebookOfficial (‡) 184 \faGithub (m) . . . . . . . . 182
\faFacebookSquare (N) . . 184 \faGithubAlt (n) . . . . . . 182
\faFastBackward (P) . . . 184 \faGithubSquare (o) . . . 182
\faFastForward (Q) . . . . 184 \faGitSquare () . . . . . . 182
\faFax () . . . . . . . . . . . 184 \faGittip (p) . . . . . . . . 184
\faFeed (Þ) . . . . . . . . . . 184 \faGlass (q) . . . . . . . . . 182
\faFemale (♀) . . . . . . . . . 181 \faGlobe (r) . . . . . . . . . 182
\faFighterJet (S) . . . . . 181 \faGoogle () . . . . . . . . . 182
\faFile (T) . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faGooglePlus (+) . . . . . 182
\faFileArchiveO (3) . . . 181 \faGooglePlusSquare (+) 182
\faFileAudioO (4) . . . . . 181 \faGoogleWallet (R) . . . 182
\faFileCodeO (6) . . . . . . 181 \faGraduationCap () . . 182
\faFileExcelO (0) . . . . . 181 \faGratipay (p) . . . . . . . 182
\faFileImageO (2) . . . . . 181 \faGroup (u) . . . . . . . . . 184
\faFileMovieO (5) . . . . . 184 \faHackerNews (=) . . . . . 182
\faFileO (U) . . . . . . . . . 181 \faHandGrabO (ª) . . . . . . 129
251
\faHandLizardO (­) . . . .
\faHandODown (w) . . . . . .
\faHandOLeft (x) . . . . . .
\faHandORight (y) . . . . .
\faHandOUp (z) . . . . . . .
\faHandPaperO («) . . . . .
\faHandPaperO («) . . . . .
\faHandPeaceO (°) . . . . .
\faHandPointerO (¯) . . .
\faHandRockO (ª) . . . . . .
\faHandRockO (ª) . . . . . .
\faHandScissorsO (¬) . .
\faHandSpockO (®) . . . .
\faHandStopO («) . . . . . .
\faHddO ({) . . . . . . . . . .
\faHeader (B) . . . . . . . .
\faHeadphones (|) . . . . .
\faHeart (♥) . . . . . . . . .
\faHeartbeat (z) . . . . . .
\faHeartO (♥) . . . . . . . .
\faHistory (@) . . . . . . .
\faHome () . . . . . . . . . .
\faHospitalO (€) . . . . . .
\faHotel () . . . . . . . . .
\faHourglass (©) . . . . . .
\faHourglassEnd (¨) . . .
\faHourglassHalf (§) . .
\faHourglassO (¥) . . . . .
\faHourglassStart (¦) . .
\faHouzz (Ì) . . . . . . . . . .
\faHSquare (h) . . . . . . .
\faHtml5 () . . . . . . . . .
\faICursor (œ) . . . . . . . .
\faIls (j) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faIls (j) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faImage (») . . . . . . . . .
\faInbox (‚) . . . . . . . . .
\faIndent („) . . . . . . . .
\faIndustry (Å) . . . . . .
\faInfo ( ) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faInfoCircle (…) . . . . .
\faInr (†) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faInr (†) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faInstagram (‡) . . . . . .
\faInstitution () . . . .
\faInternetExplorer (¼)
\faIntersex (}) . . . . . . .
\faIoxhost (g) . . . . . . .
\faItalic (ˆ) . . . . . . . . .
\faJoomla () . . . . . . . .
\faJpy (‰) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faJpy (‰) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faJsfiddle (9) . . . . . .
\faKey (Š) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faKeyboardO (‹) . . . . .
\faKrw (Œ) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faKrw (Œ) . . . . . . . . . . .
\faLanguage (D) . . . . . . .
\faLaptop () . . . . . . . .
\faLastfm (a) . . . . . . . .
\faLastfmSquare (b) . . .
\faLeaf (Ž) . . . . . . . . . .
\faLeanpub (H) . . . . . . .
129 \faLegal () . . . . . . . . . 184 \faMortarBoard () . . . 184
129 \faLemonO () . . . . . . . . 183 \faMotorcycle (x) . . . . 183
129 \faLevelDown (‘) . . . . . . 183 \faMousePointer (›) . . . 183
129 \faLevelUp (’) . . . . . . . . 183 \faMusic (¯) . . . . . . . . . 183
129 \faLifeBouy (:) . . . . . . 184 \faNavicon (Ó) . . . . . . . 184
129 \faLifeRing (:) . . . . . . 183 \Fancontent ( ) . . . . 110
129 \faLifeSaver (:) . . . . . . 184 fancy borders . . . . . 191–197
129 \faLightbulbO (“) . . . . . 183 \faNeuter (…) . . . . . . . . . 124
129 \faLineChart (`) . . . . . 183 \faNewspaperO (N) . . . . 183
129 \faLink (”) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \Fanncontent ( ) . . . 110
129 \faLinkedin (•) . . . . . . . 183 \Fannquant ( ) . . . . . 110
129 \faLinkedinSquare (–) . . 183 \Fannquantn ( ) . . . . 110
129 \faLinux (—) . . . . . . . . . 183 \Fannquantnn ( ) . . . 110
129 \faList (˜) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \Fanoven () . . . . . . . . . 178
182 \faListAlt (™) . . . . . . . 183
\Fanquant ( ) . . . . . . 110
182 \faListOl (´) . . . . . . . . 183
\faListUl () . . . . . . . . 183 \Fanquantn ( ) . . . . . 110
182
182 \fallingdotseq (») . . . . 48 \Fanquantnn ( ) . . . . 110
182 \fallingdotseq (;) . . . . 47 \faObjectGroup () . . . . 183
182 \fallingdotseq (Ý) . . . . 54 \faObjectUngroup (ž) . . 183
182 \fallingdotseq (≒) . . . . 51 \faOdnoklassniki (K) . . . 183
182 \fallingdotseq (≒) . . . . . 50 \faOdnoklassnikiSquare (µ)
\fallingdotseq (≒) . . . . 55 . . . . . . . 183
182
184 !
\FallingEdge ( ) . . . . . . 118 \faOpencart (”) . . . . . . 183
182 \faLocationArrow (š) . . 183 \faOpenid () . . . . . . . . 183
182 \faLock (›) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faOpera (») . . . . . . . . . 184
182 \faLongArrowDown (œ) . . . 127 \faOptinMonster (“) . . . 184
182 \faLongArrowLeft () . . 127 \faOutdent (ƒ) . . . . . . . 184
182 \faLongArrowRight (ž) . 127 \faPagelines ( ) . . . . . . 184
182 \faLongArrowUp (Ÿ) . . . . . 127 \faPaintBrush (F) . . . . . 184
182 falsum . . . . . . . . . . see \bot \faPaperclip (µ) . . . . . . 184
182 \faMagic ( ) . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPaperPlane (>) . . . . . 184
182 \faMagnet (¡) . . . . . . . . 183 \faPaperPlaneO (?) . . . . 184
24 \faMailForward (ä) . . . . 184 \faParagraph (C) . . . . . . 184
24 \faMailReply (Õ) . . . . . . 184 \faPaste (¶) . . . . . . . . . 184
184 \faMailReplyAll (Ö) . . . 184 \faPause (·) . . . . . . . . . 184
182 \faMale (♂) . . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPaw () . . . . . . . . . . . 184
182 \faMap (É) . . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPaypal (Q) . . . . . . . . 184
182 \faMapMarker (£) . . . . . . 183 \faPencil (¸) . . . . . . . . 128
182 \faMapO (È) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPencilSquare (3) . . . 128
182 \faMapPin (Æ) . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPencilSquareO (2) . . 128
24 \faMapSigns (Ç) . . . . . . 183 \faPhone (¹) . . . . . . . . . 184
24 \faMars ({) . . . . . . 119, 124 \faPhoneSquare (º) . . . . 184
182 \faMarsDouble (€) . . . . . 124 \faPhoto (») . . . . . . . . . 184
184 \faMarsStroke (‚) . . . . . 124 \faPictureO (») . . . . . . 184
182 \faMarsStrokeH („) . . . . 124 \faPieChart (_) . . . . . . 184
124 \faMarsStrokeV (ƒ) . . . . 124 \faPiedPiper () . . . . . . 184
182 \faMaxcdn (¤) . . . . . . . . 183 \faPiedPiperAlt () . . . 184
182 \faMeanpath (k) . . . . . . . 183 \faPinterest (¼) . . . . . . 184
182 \faMedium (‘) . . . . . . . . 183 \faPinterestP (ˆ) . . . . . 184
24 \faMedkit (¥) . . . . . . . . 183 \faPinterestSquare (½) . 184
24 \faMehO (¦) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPlane (¾) . . . . . . . . . 181
182 \faMercury (|) . . . . . . . . 119 \faPlay (¿) . . . . . . . . . . 181
182 \faMicrophone (§) . . . . . 183 \faPlayCircle (Á) . . . . . 181
182 \faMicrophoneSlash (¨) . 183 \faPlayCircleO (○) . . . . 181
24 \faMinus (−) . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPlug (J) . . . . . . . . . . 181
24 \faMinusCircle (−) . . . . 183 \faPlus (+) . . . . . . . . . . 181
183 \faMinusSquare (−) . . . . 183 \faPlusCircle (+) . . . . . 181
183 \faMinusSquareO (−) . . . 183 \faPlusSquare (@) . . . . . 181
183 \faMobile (¬) . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPlusSquareO (+o) . . . . 181
183 \faMobilePhone (¬) . . . . . 184 \faPowerOff (°) . . . . . . . 181
183 \faMoney (­) . . . . . . . . . 183 \faPrint (Å) . . . . . . . . . 181
183 \faMoonO () . . . . . . . . . 119 \faPuzzlePiece (Ç) . . . . 181
252
\faQq () . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faSitemap (ì) . . . . . . . 182 \faTencentWeibo () . . . 183
\faQrcode (È) . . . . . . . . 181 \faSkyatlas (r) . . . . . . 182 \faTerminal () . . . . . . . 183
\Faquant ( ) ..... . . 110 \faSkype (í) . . . . . . . . . 182 \faTextHeight (
) . . . . . 183
\Faquantn ( ) .... . . 110 \faSlack () . . . . . . . . . 182 \faTextWidth () . . . . . . 183
\faSliders (D) . . . . . . . 182 \faTh () . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
\Faquantnn ( ) ... . . 110
\faSlideshare (K) . . . . . 182 \faThLarge () . . . . . . . 183
\faQuestion (?) . . . . . . . 181
\faSmileO (î) . . . . . . . . 182 \faThList () . . . . . . . . 183
\faQuestionCircle (?) . . 181
\faSoccerBallO (G) . . . . 184 \faThumbsDown () . . . . . 129
\faQuoteLeft (Ë) . . . . . . 181
\faSort (ï) . . . . . . . . . . . 182 \faThumbsODown () . . . . 129
\faQuoteRight (Ì) . . . . . 181
\faSortAlphaAsc (ð) . . . 182 \faThumbsOUp () . . . . . . 129
\faRa () . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faSortAlphaDesc () . . 182 \faThumbsUp () . . . . . . . 129
\faRandom (Í) . . . . . . . . 181
\faSortAmountAsc (ñ) . . 182 \faThumbTack (Æ) . . . . . . 183
\faRebel () . . . . . . . . . 181 \faTicket () . . . . . . . . 183
\faSortAmountDesc (ò) . 182
\faRecycle (() . . . . . . . 181 \faTimes (Ï) . . . . . . . . . 130
\faSortAsc (ö) . . . . . . . . 182
\faReddit (B) . . . . . . . . 181 \faSortDesc (õ) . . . . . . . 182 \faTimes (Ï) . . . . . . . . . 130
\faRedditSquare () . . . 181 \faSortDown (õ) . . . . . . . 184 \faTimesCircle (Ñ) . . . . 130
\faRefresh (Î) . . . . . . . 181 \faTimesCircleO (○) . . . 130
\faSortNumericAsc (ó) . . 182
\faRegistered (²) . . . . . 25 \faTint () . . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faSortNumericDesc (ô) . 182
\faRemove (Ï) . . . . . . . . 130 \faToggleDown () . . . . . 184
\faSortUp (ö) . . . . . . . . . 184
\faRenren (Ò) . . . . . . . . 181 \faToggleLeft () . . . . . 184
\faSoundcloud (.) . . . . 182
\faReorder (Ó) . . . . . . . 184 \faToggleOff (c) . . . . . 183
\faSpaceShuttle () . . . 182
\faRepeat (Ô) . . . . . . . . 127 \faToggleOn (d) . . . . . . 183
\faSpinner (÷) . . . . . . . 182
\faRepeat (Ô) . . . . . . . . 127 \faToggleRight () . . . . 184
\faSpoon (!) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\faReply (Õ) . . . . . . . . . 181 \faToggleUp () . . . . . . . 184
\faSpotify (,) . . . . . . . 182
\faReplyAll (Ö) . . . . . . 181 \faTrademark (±) . . . . . 25
\faSquare (␣) . . . . . . . . 136
\faRetweet (Û) . . . . . . . 181 \faTrain () . . . . . . . . . 183
\faSquareO (
) . . . . . . . . 136
\faRmb (‰) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faTransgender (}) . . . . 124
\faStackExchange (ø) . . . 182
\faRoad (Ü) . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faTransgender (}) . . . . 124
\faStackOverflow (ù) . . 182
\faRocket (Ý) . . . . . . . . 181 \faTransgenderAlt (~) . 124
\faStar (ú) . . . . . . . . . . 132
\faRotateLeft (") . . . . . 127 \faTrash (Y) . . . . . . . . . 183
\faStarHalf (ü) . . . . . . . 132
\faRotateRight (Ô) . . . . 127 \faTrashO () . . . . . . . . 183
\faStarHalfEmpty (ý) . . 132
\faRouble (ß) . . . . . . . . . 24 \faTree (+) . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faStarHalfFull (ý) . . . 132
\faRss (Þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 181 \faTrello () . . . . . . . . 183
\faStarHalfO (ý) . . . . . . 132
\faRssSquare () . . . . . . 181 \faTripadvisor (´) . . . 183
\faStarHalfO (ý) . . . . . . 132
\faRub (ß) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faTrophy () . . . . . . . . 183
\faStarO (û) . . . . . . . . . 132
\faRub (ß) . . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faTruck () . . . . . . . . . 183
\faSteam (&) . . . . . . . . . 182
\faRuble (ß) . . . . . . . . . 24 \faTry (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faSteamSquare (') . . . . 182
\faRupee (†) . . . . . . . . . . 24 \faTry (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faStepBackward (þ) . . . . 182
\faSafari (¸) . . . . . . . . 181 \fatsemi (#) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\faStepForward (ÿ) . . . . . 182
\faSave (à) . . . . . . . . . . 184 \fatsemi (ý) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\faStethoscope ( ) . . . . 182
\faScissors (&) . . . . . . 181 \fatslash (() . . . . . . . . . 28
\faStickyNote (Ÿ) . . . . . 182
\faSearch (â) . . . . . . . . 181 \fatslash (>) . . . . . . . . . 54
\faStickyNoteO ( ) . . . . 182
\faSearchMinus (H) . . . . 181 \faTty (H) . . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faStop (
) . . . . . . . . . . 182
\faSearchPlus (G) . . . . . 182 \faStreetView (y) . . . . . 182 \faTumblr () . . . . . . . . . 183
\faSellsy (o) . . . . . . . . 182 \faStrikethrough () . . 182 \faTumblrSquare () . . . 183
\faSend (>) . . . . . . . . . . 184 \faStumbleupon (C) . . . . 182 \faTurkishLira (
) . . . . 24
\faSendO (?) . . . . . . . . . 184 \faStumbleuponCircle () 182 \faTv (½) . . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faServer (Š) . . . . . . . . 182 \faSubscript () . . . . . . 182 \faTwitch (L) . . . . . . . . 183
\faShare (ä) . . . . . . . . . 182 \faSubway () . . . . . . . . 182 \faTwitter () . . . . . . . 183
\faShareAlt () . . . . . . . 182 \faSuitcase () . . . . . . 183 \faTwitterSquare () . . 183
\faShareAltSquare (E) . . 182 \faSunO (☼) . . . . . . . . . . 119 \faUmbrella ( ) . . . . . . . 183
\faShareSquare (å) . . . . 182 \faSuperscript () . . . . 183 \faUnderline (!) . . . . . . 183
\faShareSquareO (ã) . . . 182 \faSupport (:) . . . . . . . 184 \faUndo (") . . . . . . . . . . 127
\faShekel (j) . . . . . . . . 24 \faTable () . . . . . . . . . 183 \faUndo (") . . . . . . . . . . 127
\faSheqel (j) . . . . . . . . 24 \faTablet () . . . . . . . . . 183 \faUniversity () . . . . 183
\faShield (æ) . . . . . . . . . 182 \faTachometer (') . . . . . 183 \faUnlink (0) . . . . . . . . 184
\faShip (v) . . . . . . . . . . 182 \faTag ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faUnlock (1) . . . . . . . . 183
\faShirtsinbulk (p) . . . 182 \faTags (
) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faUnlockAlt (2) . . . . . . 183
\faShoppingCart (ç) . . . 182 \faTasks () . . . . . . . . . 183 \faUnsorted (ï) . . . . . . . 184
\faSignal (é) . . . . . . . . 182 \faTaxi (*) . . . . . . . . . . 183 \faUpload (4) . . . . . . . . 183
\faSignIn (ê) . . . . . . . . 182 \fatbslash ()) . . . . . . . . 28 \faUsd (5) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faSignOut (ë) . . . . . . . 182 \fatbslash (?) . . . . . . . . 54 \faUsd (5) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faSimplybuilt (q) . . . . 182 \faTelevision (½) . . . . 183 \faUser (6) . . . . . . . . . . 183

253
\faUserMd (7) . . . . . . . . 183
\faUserPlus (‹) . . . . . . 183
\faUsers (u) . . . . . . . . . 183
\faUserSecret (w) . . . . . 183
\faUserTimes (Œ) . . . . . 183
\faVenus (♀) . . . . . 119, 124
\faVenusDouble () . . . . 124
\faVenusMars () . . . . . 124
\faViacoin (Ž) . . . . . . . 24
\faVideoCamera (O) . . . . 183
\faVimeo (Í) . . . . . . . . . 183
\faVimeoSquare (9) . . . . 183
\faVine (7) . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faVk (:) . . . . . . . . . . . 183
\faVolumeDown (;) . . . . . 184
\faVolumeOff (<) . . . . . . 184
\faVolumeUp (=) . . . . . . . 184
\faWarning (>) . . . . . . . 184
\faWechat () . . . . . . . . 184
\faWeibo (?) . . . . . . . . . 184
\faWeixin () . . . . . . . . 184
\faWhatsapp (‰) . . . . . . . 184
female . 17, 119, 120, 123, 124,
180–184, 188–190
\female (♀) . . . . . . . . . . 124
\female (♀) . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\FemaleFemale („) . . . . . 124
\FemaleMale (…) . . . . . . . 124
a.
\Ferli (a) . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\fermata . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
\fermata ( ) . . . . . . . . . 152
Q
\fermatadown () . . . . . . . 148
\fermataup () . . . . . . . . . 148
P \fgeoverU (”) . . . . . . . . . 92
.
a \fgerightarrow (!) . . . 84
\Fermi (a) . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\fermion (𝑐) . . . . . . . . . 125
fermions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
feyn (package) . . . . . 125, 226
Feynman slashed character no-
tation . . . . . . . . . . 211
Feynman-diagram symbols 125
⊣
\feyn{a} () . . . . . . . . . . . 125
⌋
\feyn{c} ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125
⌈
\feyn{fd} ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125
≀
\feyn{flS} () . . . . . . . . . 125
\fgeeszett (ı) . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeeta (”) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeF (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgef (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeinfty (i) . . . . . . . . 115
\fgelangle (h) . . . . . . . . 115
\fgelb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgelb (”) . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeleftB (D) . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeleftC (C) . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeN (”) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgerightB (B) . . . . . . . . 92
\fges (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgestruckone (1) . . . . . . 110
\fgestruckzero (0) . . . . . 110
\fgeU (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgeuparrow (") . . . . . . . 84
\fgeupbracket (L) . . . . . 115
field (F) see alphabets, math
\file (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
file extensions
\faWheelchair () . . . . . 184
\faWifi (O) . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faWikipediaW (·) . . . . 184
\faWindows (@) . . . . . . . 184
\faWon (Œ) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faWordpress () . . . . . . 184
\faWrench (A) . . . . . . . . 184
\FAX (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\fax (t) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\faXing (B) . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faXingSquare (C) . . . . . 184
\Faxmachine (v) . . . . . . 123
\faYahoo () . . . . . . . . . 184
\faYc (’) . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faYCombinator (’) . . . . 184
\faYCombinatorSquare (=) 184
\faYcSquare (=) . . . . . . . 184
\faYelp (M) . . . . . . . . . . 184
\faYen (‰) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\faYoutube (D) . . . . . . . 184
\faYoutubePlay (E) . . . . 184
\faYoutubeSquare (F) . . 184
\fbowtie (⧓) . . . . . . . . . 55
fc (package) . . . . . . . . 15, 19
\fcdice ( ) . . 167
fclfont (package) . . . . . . . 226
\fcmp (⨾) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\Fcontent ( ) . . . . . . 110
\fcscore ( ) . . . . 168
.fd files . . . . . . 11, 218, 224
\fdiagovnearrow (⤯) . . . 81
\fdiagovrdiag (⤬) . . . . . 114
fdsymbol (package) . . . 30, 31,
34, 42, 43, 51–53, 60, 64,
68, 75–79, 85, 86, 90, 92,
96, 97, 101, 103, 108, 111,
113, 133, 136, 147, 226
feet . . . . . . . . see \prime and
\textquotesingle
\FEMALE () . . . . . . . . . . . 124
\Female (~) . . . . . . . . . . . 124
↕
\feyn{fl} () . . . . . . . . . . 125
‖
\feyn{fs} ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125
⌉
\feyn{fu} ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125
⌊
\feyn{fv} () . . . . . . . . . . 125
{
\feyn{f} ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125
⨿
\feyn{g1} () . . . . . . . . . . 125
⊑
\feyn{gd} ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{glB} ()¶ . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{glS} ()♣ . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{glu} ()‡ . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{gl} ()† . . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{gu} (⊓) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{gvs} ()♢∫ . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{gv} ()♢ . . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{g} (}) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{hd} (|) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{hs} (𝒦) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{hu} (⟩) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{h} (⟨) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{ms} (⊘) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{m} (⇕) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{P} (𝒫) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{p} (√) . . . . . . . . . 125
\feyn{x} ()S . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\FF (␌) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
fge (package) 84, 92, 101, 110,
115, 226
\fgeA (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgebackslash (K) . . . . . . 115
\fgebaracute (M) . . . . . . 115
\fgebarcap (O) . . . . . . . . 115
\fgec (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgecap (S) . . . . . . . . . . 115
\fgecapbar (Q) . . . . . . . . 115
\fgecup (N) . . . . . . . . . . 115
\fgecupacute (R) . . . . . . 115
\fgecupbar (P) . . . . . . . . 115
\fged (p) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fgee (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
254
.dvi . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
.fd . . . . . . 11, 218, 224
.mf . . . . . . 11, 186, 216
.otf . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
.pdf . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
.sty . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
.tex . . . . . . . . 223, 224
.tfm . . 11, 186, 206, 224
file symbols . . . . . . . 181–184
U
\FilledBigCircle ( ) . . 135
\FilledBigDiamondshape ( ) V
. . . . . . . 135
P
\FilledBigSquare ( ) . . 135
\FilledBigTriangleDown ( ) S
. . . . . . . 135
\FilledBigTriangleLeft ( ) R
. . . . . . . 135
T
\FilledBigTriangleRight ( )
. . . . . . . 135
\FilledBigTriangleUp ( ) . . Q
. . . . . . . 135
e
\FilledCircle ( ) . . . . . 135
\FilledCloud ( ) . . . . . . 166
\filleddiamond (◆) . . . . . 34
\FilledDiamondShadowA ( ) . 
. . . . . . . 135
\FilledDiamondShadowC ( ) .
. . . . . . . 135
f
\FilledDiamondshape ( ) 135

\FilledHut ( ) . . . . . . . . 166
\filledlargestar (☀) . . 132
\filledlozenge (⧫) . . . . . 132
\filledmedlozenge (⧫) . . 132
\filledmedsquare (∎) . . . 34
\filledmedtriangledown (▼)
. . . . . . 34, 67
\filledmedtriangleleft (◀)
. . . . . . 34, 67
\filledmedtriangleright (▶)
. . . . . . 34, 67
\filledmedtriangleup (▲) 34,
67
!
\FilledRainCloud ( ) . . 166

\FilledSectioningDiamond
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\FilledSmallCircle ( u)
\Finv (Ⅎ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \Fnnquantnn ( ) . . . . 110
\Finv (Ⅎ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \Fnquant ( ) . . . . . . . 110
\Fire ( ) . . . . . . . . 166, 180 \Fnquantn ( ) . . . . . . 110
\Fire (Ð) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
\Fnquantnn ( ) . . . . . 110
\fnsymbol . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
fish hook . . . . . see \strictif
\fisheye (◉) . . . . . . . . . 133

\Fog ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
135 fists . . . . . . . . . 128, 129, 186
font encodings . . . . 11, 13–15,

u
19, 22, 209, 214, 221, 223,
\fivedots () . . . . . . 29, 108
\FilledSmallCircle ( ) 135
R
\FiveFlowerOpen ( ) . . . 131
225

v P
\FilledSmallDiamondshape 7-bit . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135 \FiveFlowerPetal ( ) . . 131 8-bit . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
\FilledSmallSquare ( ) 135 p 8
\FiveStar ( ) . . . . . . . . 131 ASCII . . . . . . . . . . . 225

s
\FilledSmallTriangleDown
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135
\FiveStarCenterOpen ( ) 131 ; Cyrillic . . . . . . . . . . 19
?
\FiveStarConvex ( ) . . . 131
document . . . . . 221, 223

r
\FilledSmallTriangleLeft
7
\FiveStarLines ( ) . . . . 131
Latin 1 . . . . . . . . . . 225

9
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135 limiting scope of . . . . 11
\FiveStarOpen ( ) . . . . . 131 LY1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
t :
\FilledSmallTriangleRight
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135 \FiveStarOpenCircled ( ) . . OT1 11, 14, 19, 214, 221,
q) . . . . . . . 131 223
<
\FilledSmallTriangleUp (
. . . . . . . 135 OT2 . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
\FiveStarOpenDotted ( ) 131
\FilledSnowCloud ( $) . . 166 =
\FiveStarOutline ( ) . . 131
T1 11, 13–15, 19, 221, 223

` >
\FilledSquare ( ) . . . . . 135
\filledsquare (◾) . . . . . . 34
\FilledSquareShadowA ()
. . . . . . . 135
\FilledSquareShadowC ()
....... 135
T2A . . . . . . . . . 19, 209
\FiveStarOutlineHeavy ( ) . T2B . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
. . . . . . . 131 T2C . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
.. @
\FiveStarShadow ( ) . . . 131 T4 . . . . . . . . . 15, 19, 22
T5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 19
\Fixedbearing (%) . . . . . 123
.. . TS1 . . . . . . . . . 209, 223
\fixedddots ( . . ) . . . . . . 107 U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

\filledsquarewithdots ( ) . C .
. . . . . . . 137
\filledstar (★) . . . . . . . 34
#)
\FilledSunCloud ( . . . 166
\FilledTriangleDown ( ) 135 c
\filledtriangledown (▾) 34,
67
\FilledTriangleLeft ( ) 135 b
\filledtriangleleft (◂) 34,
67
\FilledTriangleRight ( ) . . d \flat (ù) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
. . . . . . . 135
\filledtriangleright (▸) 34,
67
a
\FilledTriangleUp ( ) . 135
\filledtriangleup (▴) 34, 67
"
\FilledWeakRainCloud ( ) . .
. . . . . . . 166
finger, pointing . . . . see fists
finite field (F) . see alphabets,
math
\Finland (‹) . . . . . . . . . . 177
\finpartvoice (a») . . . . . 21
ˇ (a) . . 21
\finpartvoiceless
> ˚
» Zapf Chancery . . . . . 116
\fint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
ffl
\fint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
\fint (⨏) . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
\fint (⨏) . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\fintsl (⨏) . . . . . . . . . . . 45
\fintup (⨏) . . . . . . . . . . . 45
\Finv (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\Finv (`) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\Finv (û) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\fixedvdots (..) . . . . . . . . 107
fixmath (package) . . . . . . 220
\fj (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\FL () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

\Flag ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
x
\flageolett () . . . . . . . . 148
flags . . . . . . . . . . . . 180–181
\flap (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\flapr (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\flat (♭) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\flat (♭) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\flat ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
\flat (♭) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\flat (♭) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\flatflat ( ) . . . . . . . . . 151
\Flatsteel (–) . . . . . . . . 123
fletched arrows . . . . . 84, 126
fleurons . . . . . . . 132, 137, 191
\Florin (í) . . . . . . . . . . 24
florin . . . . . see \textflorin
flourishes . . . . . . . . 137, 194
\floweroneleft (b) . . . . 132
\floweroneright (c) . . . 132
flowers . . . 131, 132, 180–181,
191–192
\fltns (⏥) . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Flynn, Peter . . . . . . . . . . 210
\FM () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Fncontent ( ) . . . . . 110
\Fnncontent ( ) . . . . 110
\Fnnquant ( ) . . . . . . 110
\Fnnquantn ( ) . . . . . 110
X2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
fontawesome (package) . . . . . .
24, 25, 119, 124, 127–130,
132, 136, 181, 184, 226,
227
fontdef.dtx (file) . . 210, 213
fontenc (package) . . 11, 14, 15,
19, 221, 223
\fontencoding . . . . . . . . 11
fonts
Calligra . . . . . . . . . . 116
Charter . . . . . . . . 24, 46
Computer Modern . 206,
208, 221
CountriesOfEurope . . 178
Courier . . . . . . . . . . 24
Emmentaler . . . . . . . 152
Garamond . . . . . . 24, 46
Helvetica . . . . . . . . . 24
“pi” . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Soyombo . . . . . . . . . 175
Symbol . . . . . . . 89, 209
Times Roman . . 24, 208
Type 1 . . . . . . . . . . 218
Utopia . . . . . . . . . 24, 46
Zapf Dingbats . 126, 130
\fontsize . . . . . . . . 206, 208
fontspec (package) . . 147, 224,
225
\Football (o) . . . . . . . . 165
\forall (∀) . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\forall (∀) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\forall (∀) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\forall (∀) . . . . . . . . . . . 92

255
\Force (l) . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\Fork () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
\forks (⫝̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\forksnot (⫝) . . . . . . . . . 55
\forkv (þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\forkv (⫙) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
forte ( ) . . . . . . . . . 152, 163
\Fortune (K) . . . . . . . . . 120
\Forward (·) . . . . . . . . . . 164
\ForwardToEnd (¸) . . . . . 164
\ForwardToIndex (¹) . . 164
1
\FourAsterisk ( ) . . . . . 131
\FourClowerOpen ( ) . . . V 131
\FourClowerSolid ( ) . . W 131
\Fourier ( ) . . . . . . . 58
fourier (package) . . 25, 58, 89,
93, 99, 104, 129, 132, 165,
226
\fourier ( ) . . . . . . . 58
Fourier transform (F) . . . see
5
alphabets, math
\FourStar ( ) . . . . . . . . 131
6
\FourStarOpen ( ) . . . . . 131
\fourth (4) . . . . . . . . . . 113
\fourvdots (⦙) . . . . . . . . . 109
\Fquantn ( ) . . . . . . . 110
\Fquantnn ( ) . . . . . . 110
\fracslash (⁄) . . . . . . . . . 32
fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
fraktur . see alphabets, math
\France (Œ) . . . . . . . . . . 177
Freemason’s cipher . . . . . 174
frege (package) . 110, 226, 227
Frege logic symbols . . 84, 92,
109, 110, 115
Frege, Gottlob . . . . . 109, 110
\frown (⌢) . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\frown (ý) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\frown (⌢) . . . . . . . . . 51, 86
\frown (⌢) . . . . . . . . . . . 85
\frown (⌢) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
frown symbols . . . . . . . 85, 86
\frowneq (≘) . . . . . . . . 51, 86
\frowneq (!) . . . . . . . . . . 85
) . . . . . . . . . . 178
\frowneqsmile (') . . . . . 85
\frownie (/) . . . . . . . . . 164
\frownsmile (⁐) . . . . . 51, 86
\frownsmile () . . . . . . . 85
\frownsmileeq ()) . . . . . 85
\Frowny (§) . . . . . . . . . . 165
frowny faces . . 122, 164, 165,
178–184
\fryingpan ( ) . . . . . . 179
\fryingpan ( ) . . . . . . 179
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\FS (␜) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\fullmoon (M) . . . . . . . . 120
\fullmoon (#) . . . . . . . . 119
\fullnote () . . . . . . . . . 147
\fullouterjoin (⟗) . . . 114
G \Germany () . . . . . . . . . . 177
\G (a
Ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
g (esvect package option) . 104
\Game (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\Game (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\Game (ü) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\Game (⅁) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\Game (⅁) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
game-related symbols 136, 137,
166, 167, 169–171, 181–
184, 203–205
\Gamma (Γ) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\gamma (𝛾) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\gammaup (γ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\Ganz (¯ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\GaPa (<) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Garamond (font) . . . . . 24, 46
\Gasstove () . . . . . . . . . 178
\gcd (gcd) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\GD (|
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\GE () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\ge . . . . . . . . . . . . . see \geq
\ge (≥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\ge (≥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\Gemini (R) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Gemini (â) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Gemini (v) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\gemini (^) . . . . . . . . . . 119
genealogical symbols . . . . 164
\geneuro (A C) . . . . . . . . . 25
\geneuronarrow (B C) . . . . 25
\geneurowide (C C) . . . . . . 25
gensymb (package) . . . . . . 118
\Gentsroom (x) . . . . . . . . 165
geometric shapes 120, 132–136,
157–161, 170, 171, 181–
184, 186–187, 202–203
\geq (ě) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\geq (≥) . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 62
\geq (≥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\geq (≥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\geq (≥) . . . . . . . . . . . 65, 66
\geqclosed (⊵) . . . . . . 64, 68
\geqclosed (⊵) . . . . . . 63, 67
\geqdot (c) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\geqdot (u) . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\geqq (ŕ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\geqq (=) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\geqq (Á) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\geqq (≧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\geqq (≧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\geqq (≧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\geqqslant (⫺) . . . . . . . . 65
\geqslant (>) . . . . . . . . 61
\geqslant (É) . . . . . . . . . 65
\geqslant (⩾) . . . . . . . . . 64
\geqslant (⩾) . . . . . . . . . 63
\geqslant (⩾) . . . . . . . . . 65
\geqslantdot (⪀) . . . . . . 64
\geqslantdot (⪀) . . . . . . 63
\geqslcc (⪩) . . . . . . . . . 64
german (keystroke package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 122
\gescc (⪩) . . . . . . . . . . . 64
256
\gescc (⪩) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\gesdot (⪀) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\gesdot (⪀) . . . . . . . . . . 65
\gesdoto (⪂) . . . . . . . . . 65
\gesdotol (⪄) . . . . . . . . . 65
\gesl (⋛) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\gesles (⪔) . . . . . . . . . . 66
\gets . . . . . . see \leftarrow
\gets (←) . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
\gg (") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\gg (≫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\gg (≫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\gg (≫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\gg (≫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\ggcurly (Ï) . . . . . . . . . 48
\ggcurly (ë) . . . . . . . . . 54
\ggg (Ï) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\ggg (≫) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\ggg (≫ vs. Ï) . . . . . . . 207
\ggg (×) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\ggg (⋙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\ggg (⋙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\ggg (⋙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\gggnest (⫸) . . . . . . . . . 66
\gggtr . . . . . . . . . . see \ggg
\gggtr (⋙) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\gggtr (⋙) . . . . . . . . . . 63
\gggtr (⋙) . . . . . . . . . . 66
ghosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Gibbons, Jeremy . . . . . . . 228
\gimel (‫ )ג‬. . . . . . . . . . . 90
\gimel (ù) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\gimel (ℷ) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\gimel (ℷ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\gimel (ℷ) . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\girl (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\gla (⪥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\glE (⪒) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\gleichstark (⧦) . . . . . . 55
\glj (ú) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\glj (⪤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
globe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\glotstop (b) . . . . . . . . . 18
\glottal (?) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Gloves (
\gluon (QPPPPPPR) . . . . . . . . 118
gluons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\gnapprox (Ë) . . . . . . . . 62
\gnapprox () . . . . . . . . 61
\gnapprox (›) . . . . . . . . . 65
\gnapprox (⪊) . . . . . . . . . 64
\gnapprox (⪊) . . . . . . . . . 63
\gnapprox (⪊) . . . . . . . . . 66
\gneq (ŋ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\gneq (
\gneq () . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\gneq (⪈) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\gneq (⪈) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\gneqq (ş) . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\gneqq ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\gneqq (‰) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\gneqq (≩) . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\gneqq (≩) . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\gneqq (≩) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \gtquest (⩼) . . . . . . . .. 65 H
\gnsim (Å) . . . . . . . . . . . 62 \gtr (>) . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64 \H (a̋) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\gnsim () . . . . . . . . . . . 61 \gtr (>) . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 h (esvect package option) . 104
\gnsim (“) . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \gtrapprox (Ç) . . . . . . .. 62 \h (ả) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\gnsim (⋧) . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \gtrapprox (') . . . . . .. 61 \HA (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\gnsim (≵) . . . . . . . . . . . 63 \gtrapprox (¿) . . . . . . .. 65 \Ha (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\gnsim (⋧) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \gtrapprox (⪆) . . . . . . .. 64 háček (ǎ) . . . . . . see accents
\GO () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \gtrapprox (⪆) . . . . . . .. 63 \Hades (Ü) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
go (package) . . . . . . 171, 226
Go boards . . . . . . . . 170, 171
\gtrapprox (⪆) . . . .
\gtrarr (⥸) . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
65
65

\Hail ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Go stones . . . . . . . . 170, 171 \Halb (˘ “ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\gtrcc (⪧) . . . . . . . . . .. 64
half note see musical symbols
s
goban . . . . . . . . . . . 170, 171 \gtrclosed (⊳) . . . . . . 64, 68
\Goofy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 \HalfCircleLeft ( ) . . . . 135
\graphene (𝑠) . . . . . . . . 125
\gtrclosed (⊳) . . . . . . 63, 67
r
\HalfCircleRight ( ) . . . 135

\gtrdot (Í) . . . . . . . . .. 62
graphics (package) . . . 84, 209 \HalfFilledHut ( ) . . . . 166
\gtrdot (m) . . . . . . . . .. 61
graphicx (package) 23, 206, 209 \halflength (p) . . . . . . . 23
\gtrdot (Å) . . . . . . . . .. 31
\grave ( ̀ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \halfNote ( ,) . . . . . . . . . 150
\gtrdot (⋗) . . . . . . . . .. 64
\grave (`) . . . . . . . . . . . 100 \halfnote (
) . . . . . . . . . 147
\gtrdot (⋗) . . . . . . . . . .. 63
grave (à) . . . . . . . see accents \halfNoteDotted ( u) . . . . 150
\gravis (à) . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \gtrdot (⋗) . . . . . . . . .. 65
\gtreqless (¡) . . . . . . .. 62 \halfNoteDottedDouble ( u u) .
\GreatBritain (Ž) . . . . . 177 . . . . . . . 150
greater-than signs . . . . . . see \gtreqless (R) . . . . . .. 61
\halfNoteDottedDoubleDown
inequalities \gtreqless (Å) . . . . . . .. 65 uu
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
greatest lower bound . . . . see \gtreqless (⋛) . . . . . . .. 64 u
\halfNoteDottedDown ( ) 150
\sqcap \gtreqless (⋛) . . . . . . .. 63 ,
\halfNoteDown ( ) . . . . . . 150
\Greece () . . . . . . . . . . 177 \gtreqless (⋛) . . . . . . .. 65 \halfNoteRest ( ) . . . . . 151
Greek . . . . . . . . . . 14, 88, 89 \gtreqlessslant (⋛) . . .. 64 \halfNoteRestDotted ( ) . .
blackboard bold . . . . 117 \gtreqlessslant (O) . . .. 63 . . . . . . . 151
bold . . . . . . . . . 88, 220
coins . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
\gtreqqless (£) . . . . . .. 62 
\HalfSun ( ) . . . . . . . . . 166
\gtreqqless (T) . . . . . . . 61 Hamiltonian (H) . . . . . . . see
letters . . 14, 88, 89, 117,

alphabets, math
144, 220 \gtreqqless (Ç) . . . . . . . 65
\HandCuffLeft ( ) . . . . . 128
numerals . . . . . . . . . 144 \gtreqqless (⪌) . . . . . . . 64

\HandCuffLeftUp ( ) . . . 128
polytonic . . . . 14, 88, 89 \gtreqqless (⪌) . . . . . . . 63


\HandCuffRight ( ) . . . . 128

upright . . . . . . . . 14, 89
\gtreqqless (⪌) . . . . . . . 65
greek (babel package option) 14, \HandCuffRightUp ( ) . . 128
88, 89, 144 \gtreqslantless (⋛) . . . . 64

\HandLeft ( ) . . . . . . . . 128
Green Dot . . see \Greenpoint \gtrless (ż) . . . . . . . . . 62

\HandLeftUp ( ) . . . . . . 128
and \PackingWaste
¨
\gtrless (≷) . . . . .
\gtrless (Ã) . . . . .
. . . . 61

\HandPencilLeft ( ) . . . 128

\Greenpoint ( ) . . . . . . . 174 . . . . 65
\gtrless (≷) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \HandRight ( ) . . . . . . . 128

greenpoint (package) 186, 226
Gregorian music . . . . . . . 149 \gtrless (≷) . . . . . . . . . . 63 \HandRightUp ( ) . . . . . 128

b) . . 149
\gtrless (≷) . . . . . . . . . 65 hands . . . . . . . . . . . see fists
\gregorianCclef ( \gtrneqqless (ó) . . . . . . 63 hands (package) . . . . 186, 226

\gregorianFclef (z) . . 149

\Handwash (Ü) . . . . . . . . 165
\gtrsim (Á) . . . . . . . ... 62
\HaPa (<) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\gtrsim (&) . . . . . . . ... 61
Gregorio, Enrico 100, 210, 211 harmony (package) . . 149, 226
\gtrsim (½) . . . . . . . ... 65
Griffith’s separation vector (r) harpoon (package) 84, 226, 227
\gtrsim (≳) . . . . . . . ... 64
. . . . . . . 116 harpoons . . 69, 71, 74, 78–80,
\gtrsim (≳) . . . . . . . . ... 63 83–84, 202–203
\grimace (M) . . . . . . . . . 165
\gtrsim (≳) . . . . . . . ... 65 \hash (#) . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Grüne Punkt see \Greenpoint
and \PackingWaste \GU (|
) . . . . . . . . . . . ... 121 \hash (>) . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\GS (␝) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \guillemotleft («) . . 15, 222 hash mark . . . . . . . . . . see \#
\gsime (⪎) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \guillemotright (») . 15, 222 \hat ( ̂ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
\gsiml (⪐) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \guilsinglleft (‹) . . 15, 223 \hat (^) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
\Gt (Ï) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \guilsinglright (›) . 15, 223
∓
\hatapprox (⩯) . . . . . . . . 55
\Gt (⪢) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \gvcropped ( ) . . . . ... 125 \hateq (≙) . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\gtcc (⪧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \gvertneqq (ţ) . . . . . ... 62 \hateq (≙) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\gtcc (⪧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \gvertneqq (
) . . . . ... 61 \hausaB (B) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\gtcir (ù) . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \gvertneqq () . . . . . ... 65 \hausab (b) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\gtcir (⩺) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \gvertneqq (≩) . . . . . ... 64 \hausaD (T) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\gtlpar (⦠) . . . . . . . . . . 111 \gvertneqq (≩) . . . . . ... 63 \hausad (D) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\gtlpar (⦠) . . . . . . . . . . 112 \gvertneqq (≩) . . . . . ... 65 \hausaK (K) . . . . . . . . . . 18

257
\hausak (k) . . . . . . . . . . 18 hhcount (package) . . 167, 168, \hookdownminus (⌐) . . . . 113
\HB (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 226, 227 \hookdownminus (⌐) . . . . 113
\Hhundred (3) . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookg () . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Hb (b) . . . . . .. . . . ... 139

\HBar ( ) . . . . .. . . . ... 135 \HI (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookh ($) . . . . . . . .
\hookheng (%) . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
18
18
\hbar (~) . . . . .. . . . 91, 210 \Hi (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookleftarrow (←˒) . . . . 69
\hbar (…) . . . . .. . . . ... 92 \hiatus (H ) . . . . . . . . . . 172 \hookleftarrow () . . . . 79
\hbar (h̵ ) . . . . .. . . . ... 92 \Hibl (Π) . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookleftarrow (↩) . . . . 75
\hbar (ℏ) . . . . .. . . . ... 92 \hookleftarrow (↩) . . . . 72
\hbipropto (ˆ) . . . . ... 29 \Hibp (Θ) . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hibs (Ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookleftarrow (↩) . . . . 81
\HC (C) . . . . . . .. . . . ... 139 \hooknearrow (⤤) . . . . . . 75
\Hc (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \Hibw (Λ) . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hooknwarrow (⤣) . . . . . . 75
\hcrossing () . . . . . . . . 49 \Hidalgo (%) . . . . . . . . . . 120 \hookrevepsilon () . . . . 18
hieroglf (package) . . 139, 226 \hookrightarrow (˓→) . . . 69
\HCthousand (6) . . . . . . 139 hieroglyphics . . . . . . . . . . 139
\HD (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookrightarrow ( ) . . . 79
Hilbert space (H) . . . . . . see \hookrightarrow (↪) . . . 75
\Hd (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 alphabets, math \hookrightarrow (↪) . . . 72
\hdotdot (
) . . . . . . 30, 108 \hill (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \hookrightarrow (↪) . . . 81
{
\hdotdot (
) . . . . . . . 29, 108 \hooksearrow (⤥) . . . . . . 75
\hdots (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 108 \HJ (J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hj (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookswarrow (⤦) . . . . . . 75
\hdots (⋯) . . . . . . . . . . . 108 \hookuparrow (1) . . . . . . 75
\Hdual (ff) . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \HK (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hk (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookupminus (⨽) . . . . . . 31
\HE (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookupminus (⨽) . . . . . . 113
\He (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hknearrow (⤤) . . . . . . . 76
\hknearrow (⤤) . . . . . . . 81 Horn, Berthold . . . . . . . . 117
heads . . . . . . . . . . . see faces
\hknwarrow (⤣) . . . . . . . 76 \hoshi ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\Heart (Œ) . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\hknwarrow (⤣) . . . . . . . 81 \hourglass (⧖) . . . . . . . . 31
heartctrbull (bullcntr package op-
\hksearow (⤥) . . . . . . . . 81 \hourglass (⧖) . . . . . . . . 36
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 168
\house (⌂) . . . . . . . . . . . 133
\heartctrbull . . . . . . . . 168 √ (⤥)
\hksearrow . . . . . . . 76
hearts . 120, 136, 137, 180–184 \hksqrt ( ) . . . . . . . . . 212 \HP (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\heartsuit (♡) . . . . . . . . 136 \hkswarow (⤦) . . . . . . . . 81 \Hp (p) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\heartsuit (ö) . . . . . . . . 136 \hkswarrow (⤦) . . . . . . . 76 <
\hpause ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 148
\heartsuit (♡) . . . . . . . . 136 \HL (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \Hplural (Ω) . . . . . . . . 139
\heartsuit (♡) . . . . . . . . 136 \Hl (l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \Hplus (+) . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\heartsuit (♡) . . . . . . . . 137 \HM (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \HQ (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\heavyqtleft (❝) . . . . . . 178 \Hm (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \Hq (q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\heavyqtright (❞) . . . . . 178
\Hman (ϒ) . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \Hquery (?) . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Hebrew . . . . . . . . 90, 91, 117
\Hmillion (7) . . . . . . . . 139 \HR (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Helvetica (font) . . . . . . . . 24
\Hr (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\hemiobelion (Α) . . . . . . 25 \Hms (Δ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hrectangle (▭) . . . . . . 133
\Herd ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \HN (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hrectangleblack (▬) . . 133
\HERMAPHRODITE (€) . . . . 124 \Hn (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \HS (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hermaphrodite (}) . . . . 124 \HO (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hermaphrodite (⚥) . . . . 124 \Hs (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\hermitmatrix (ò) . . . . . 114 \Ho (o) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\hole (ℎ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\hermitmatrix (⊹) . . . . . 114
\HollowBox (O) . . . . . . . . 130
A
\hs () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\Heta ([) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Holmes, Sherlock . . . . . . . 200 \Hscribe (Ψ) . . . . . . . . . 139
\heta (() . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\hexagon (⎔) . . . . . . . . . 133 Holt, Alexander . . . . . . 1, 225 \Hslash (/) .. . . . . . . . . . 139
\hexagon (7) . . . . . . . . . 132 \holter ( ) . . . . . . . . . 107 \hslash (}) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\hexagonblack (⬣) . . . . . 133 \hslash („) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\Hexasteel (’) . . . . . . . . 123 holtpolt (package) . . 107, 226 \hslash (h̷ ) .. . . . . . . . . . 92
\hexstar (A) . . . . . . . . . 131 \hom (hom) . . . . . . . . . . . 87 \hslash (ℏ) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\HF (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 \Home ( Home ) . . . . . . . 122 \Hsv (Σ) . .. . . . . . . . . . 139
\HF (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \HT (␉) . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 122
\HT (T) . . .. . . . . . . . . . 139

\Hf (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
‖
\hfermion ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125 \Homer ( ) . . . . . . 172 \Ht (t) . . .. . . . . . . . . . 139
\hfil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 \Hone (—) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \Hten (2) . .. . . . . . . . . . 139
\HG (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 hook accent (ả) . . see accents \Hthousand (4) . . . . . . . . 139
\Hg (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookb () . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \Htongue (Φ) . . . . . . . . 139
\HH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 \hookd (D) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\HU (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\HH (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookd () . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Hh (h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \hookdownarrow (;) . . . . . 75 \Hu (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

258
Hungarian umlaut (a̋) . . . see
accents
\Hungary () . . . . . . . . . . 178

\Hut ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\HV (V) . . . . . . . . . .
\Hv (v) . . . . . . . . .
\hv (") . . . . . . . . . .
\Hvbar (—) . . . . . . . .
\HW (W) . . . . . . . . . .
\Hw (w) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\HX (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hx (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\HXthousand (5) . . . . . . . 139
\HY (Y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hy (y) . . . . . . . . .
\Hygiea (½) . . . . . .
hyphen, discretionary
\hyphenbullet (⁃) . .
\HZ (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\Hz (z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\hzigzag (〰) . . . . . . . . 114
I \Im (ℑ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
ï . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\i (ı) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\ialign . . . . . . 211, 213, 214
\IB ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\ibar (¯i ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
IBM PC . . . . . . 122, 173, 221
\IC (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Iceland (‘) . . . . . . . . . . 178
Icelandic staves . . . . . . . . 173

\IceMountain ( ) . . . . . . 166
. \intclockwisesl (∱) . . . . 44
\iddots ( . . ) . . . . . . . . . . 109
\iddots () ∫︀. . . ∫︀. . . . . . . . 213
\idotsint (' ··· ) . . . . . 38
\idotsint ( ) . . . . . . 39
\idotsint (∫⋯∫) . . . . . 42, 43
\idotsint (∫…∫) . . . . . . . . 41
\iff see \Longleftrightarrow
ifsym (package) 118, 135, 166,
207, 209, 226
igo (package) . . . . . . 170, 226
}
\igocircle ( ) . . . . . . . 170
}
\igocircle ( ) . . . . . . . 170
|
\igocross ( ) . . . . . . . . 170
|
\igocross ( ) . . . . . . . . 170
\igonone ( ) . . . . . . . . . 170
\igonone ( ) . . . . . . . . . 170
~
\igosquare ( ) . . . . . . . 170
~ \Industry (I) . . . . . . . . 165
\igosquare ( ) . . . . . . . 170
 inequalities . . . . . . 13, 61–66
\igotriangle ( ) . . . . . . 170
 inexact differential . see \dbar
\igotriangle ∫︀∫︀∫︀∫︀ ( ) . . . . . . 170
\iiiint (% ) . . . . . . . . 38
\iiiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . 39
ˇ
\iiiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . 40
\iiiint (⨌) . . . . . . . . . 42
\iiiint (⨌) . . . . . . . . . 41
\iiiint (⨌) . . . . . . . . . . 43
\iiiintsl (⨌) . . . . . . . . 45
\iiiintup ţ (⨌) . . . . . . . . 45
\iiint (∫︀∫︀∫︀) . . . . . . . . . . 39
\iiint (t ) . . . . . . . . . . 38
\iiint (#) . . . . . . . . . . 38
. . . . 139
\iiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 40
. . . . 139 ˝
\iiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 40
. . . . 18
. . . . 139 \iiint (∭) . . . . . . . . . . . 42
. . . . 139 \iiint (∭) . . . . . . . . . . . 41
\iiint (∭) . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\iiintsl (∭) . . . . . . . . . 44
\iiintup (∭) . . . . . . . . . 44
\iinfin (÷) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\iinfinť(⧜) . . . . . . . . . . 111
\iint (∫︀∫︀) . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
\iint (s ) . . . . . . . . . . . 38
. . . . 139 \iint (! ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
. . . . 120 \iint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
˜
. . . . 223 \iint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
. . . . 114 \iint (∬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
\iint (∬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
\iint (∬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\iintsl (∬) . . . . . . . . . . 44
\iintup (∬) . . . . . . . . . . 44
\Im (ℑ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\im (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\imageof (⊷) . . . . . . . . . 85
\imageof (⊷) . . . . . . . . . 55
\imath (𝚤) . . . . . . . . . 91, 100
\imath ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\imath (𝚤) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\impliedby . . . . . . . . . . . see
\Longleftarrow
\implies see \Longrightarrow
and \vdash
impulse train . . . . . . . see sha
\in (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\in (∈) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\in (∈) . . . . . . . . . . . . 51, 92
\in (∈) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\in (∈) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\in (∈) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
inches . . . . . see \second and
\textquotedbl
\incoh (˚) . . . . . . . . . . . 58
\increment (∆) . . . . . . . . 114
independence
probabilistic . . . . . . . 212
statistical . . . . . . . . . 212
stochastic . . . . see \bot
\independent (⊥ ⊥) . . . . . . 212
\inf (inf) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
infimum see \inf and \sqcap
infinity . . . 111–113, 115, 212
\Info (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
¡
\Info ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
information symbols . . . . 165
informator symbols . . . . . 169
259
\infty (8) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\infty (∞) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\infty (∞) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\infty (∞) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\infty (∞) . . . . . . . . . . . 111
\inipartvoice (a –ˇ) . . . . . 21
\inipartvoiceless (a
– ) . . 21
˚
\injlim (inj lim) . . . . . . . 87
\Innocey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\inplus (A) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\inplus (¶) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
inputenc (package) . . . . . . 224
\Ins ( Ins ) . . . . . . . . . . 122
ş
\int (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
\int (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\int (∫︀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\int ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
\int (∫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
\int (∫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
\int (∫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\intBar (⨎) . . . . . . . . . . 42
\intBar (⨎) . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\intbar (⨍) . . . . . . . . . . 42
\intbar (⨍) . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\intBarsl (⨎) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intbarsl (⨍) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intBarup (⨎) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intbarup (⨍) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intcap (⨙) . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\intcapsl (⨙) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intcapup (⨙) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intclockwise (∱) . . . . . 43
€
\intclockwise ( ) . . . . . 46
\intclockwise (∱) . . . . . . 43
\intclockwiseup (∱) . . . . 44
\intctrclockwise (⨑) . . . 43
\intcup (⨚) . . . . . . . . . . . 44
\intcupsl (⨚) . . . . . . . . . 45
\intcupup (⨚) . . . . . . . . . 45
¿
\INTEGER ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 87
Ú
\Integer ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 87
integers (Z) . . . see alphabets,
math
integrals . . . . 36–46, 113, 212
product . . . . . . . . . . 46
integrals (wasysym package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\intercal (|) . . . . . . . . . 28
\intercal (þ) . . . . . . . 31, 92
\intercal (⊺) . . . . . . . . . 30
\intercal (⊺) . . . . . . . . . 91
\intercal (⊺) . . . . . . . 32, 92
interior . . . . . . see \mathring
\interleave (9) . . . . . . . 28
\interleave (⫴) . . . . . . . 32
intersection . . . . . . . see \cap
™
\Interval ( ) . . . . . . . . 166
\intlarhk (⨗) . . . . . . . . . 44
\intlarhksl (⨗) . . . . . . . 45
\intlarhkup (⨗) . . . . . . . 45
\intprod (⨼) . . . 30, 31, 113 \ipercatal (η) . . . . . . . . 172 knitting (package) 176, 226, 227
\intprod (⨼) . . . . ...... 32 \Ireland (’) . . . . . . . . . . 178 knitting symbols . . . . . . . 176
\intprodr (⨽) . . . 30, 31, 113 \IroningI (¯) . . . . . . . . 165 knot (package) . . 194, 197, 226
\intprodr (⨽) . . . ...... 32 \IroningII (°) . . . . . . . 165 knots . . . . . . . . . . . 194–197
\intsl (∫) ..... . ...... 44 \IroningIII (±) . . . . . . 165 Knuth, Donald E. 11, 221, 228
Š
\intup ( ) . . . . . . ...... 43 irony mark (? ) . . . . . . . . . 209 symbols by . . . . . . . . 164
\intup (∫) . . . . . . ...... 44 irrational numbers (J) . . . see \Kochtopf ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
alphabets, math \Koppa (Ϙ) . . . . . . . . . . . 144

\intx (⨘) . . . . . . ...... 44
\intxsl (⨘) . . . . . ...... 45 \Irritant ( ) . . . . . . . . 166 \koppa (ϟ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\intxup (⨘) . . . . . ...... 45 \isindot (⋵) . . . . . . . . . 55 \Kr ( l ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\inva ( ) . . . . . . ...... 18 \isinE (⋹) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \kreuz (6) . . . . . . . . . . . 164
\invamp (M) . . . . ...... 29 \isinobar (⋷) . . . . . . . . . 55 Kronecker product see \otimes
\invamp (`) . . . . ...... 33 \isins (⋴) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Kronecker sum . . see \oplus
\invbackneg (⨽) . ...... 113 \isinvb (⋸) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \Kronos (Ä) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\ismodeledby (=|) . . . . . . 210 kroužek (å) . . . . . see accents
\INVd () . . . . . . . . . . 123 ISO character entities . . . 223 \kside (O) . . . . . . . . . . . 169
\invdiameter () . . . . . . 164 isoent (package) . . . . . . . . 223
\inve (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Isthmian script . . . . 144–146 L
inverse limit see \varprojlim italic 13, 14, 25, 216, 218, 220, \L (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\inversebullet (◘) . . . . 114 223 \l (l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\inversewhitecircle (◙) 133
\InversTransformHoriz ( )
\Italy (“) . . . . . . . . . . . 178 \labdentalnas (4) . . . . . 18
\labvel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22


. . . . . . . . 58 J \Ladiesroom (y) . . . . . . . 165
\j (ȷ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Lagrangian (L) see alphabets,
\InversTransformVert ( ) 58
2
\JackStar ( ) . . . . . . . . 131 math
3
inverted symbols . . 16–18, 23,
\Lambda (Λ) . . . . . . . . . . 88
209 \JackStarBold ( ) . . . . . 131
\lambda (𝜆) . . . . . . . . . . 88
inverters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Jewish star . . . . . . . . . . . 131
\lambdabar (o) . . . . . . . . 112
\invf (,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \jmath (𝚥) . . . . . . . . . 91, 100
\lambdabar (†) . . . . . . . . 114
\invglotstop (d) . . . . . . 18 \jmath (|) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\lambdaslash (n) . . . . . . 112
\invh (&) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \jmath (𝚥) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

\Joch ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\lambdaslash (‡) . . . . . . 114
\INVl () .
\lambdaup (λ) . . . . . . . . . 89
. . . . . . . . . 123 \Join (Z) . . . . . . . . . . 46, 47
Lamport, Leslie . . . . 225, 228
\invlazys (∾) . . . . . . . . . 32 \Join (⋈) . . . . . . . . . . 31, 52
\land . . . . . . . . . see \wedge
\invlegr (I) . . . . . . . . . . 18 \Join (&) . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\land (∧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\invm (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \Join (⨝) . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\land (∧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\invneg () . . . . . . . . . . 47 \joinrel . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
land masses . . %. . . . . . . . . 176
\invneg (⌐) . . . . . . . . . . 113 joint denial . . see \downarrow
\landdownint ( ) . . . . . . 40
\invneg (⨼) . . . . . . . . . . 113 junicode (package) . . 224, 226
\landdownint (⨑) . . . . 42, 43
\invnot (‡) . . . . . . . . . . 114 Junicode.ttf (file) . . . . . 224
\invnot (⌐) . . . . . . . . . . 113 \Juno (;) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 \landdownint# (⨚) . . . . . . 41
\invnot (⌐) . . . . . . . . . . 114 \Jupiter (E) . . . . . . . . . 120 \landupint ( ) . . . . . . . . 40
\Jupiter (Å) . . . . . . . . . . 119 \landupint (∱) . . . . . . 42, 43
\INVr () . . . . . . . . . . 123 \Jupiter (j) . . . . . . . . . 120 \landupint (⨙) . . . . . . . . 41
\invr (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \jupiter (X) . . . . . . . . . 119 \Langle (<) . . . . . . . . . . 117
\invscr (K) . . . . . . . . . . 18 \lAngle (⟨⟨) . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\invscripta () . . . . . . . 18 K
\invsmileface (☻) . . . . . 178 \k (a)
˓ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \lAngle (⟪) . . . . . . . . . . 96
\k (ą) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 ⟪
\INVu () . . . . . . . . . . 123 \Kappa (K) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\lAngle ( ) ......... 97
\invv () . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \kappa (𝜅) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\invw (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \kappaup (κ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\langle (⟨) . . . . . . . . . 27, 94
\invwhitelowerhalfcircle \ker (ker) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
(◛) . . . . . . . . . . . 133 \kernelcontraction (ˆ) . 54 \langle (⟨) . . . . . . . . . . . 96
\invwhiteupperhalfcircle \kernelcontraction (∻) . 55
(◚) . . . . . . . . . . . 133 ket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\langle (⟨) . . . . . . . . . . . 96
\invy (\) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \Keyboard (Ï) . . . . . . . . 121
⟨
\IO ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 keyboard symbols . . . . . . 122
\ion (𝑓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 keys, computer . . . . . . . . 122 \langle ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 98
\Iota (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 keystroke (package) . 122, 226
\iota (𝜄) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \keystroke ( ) . . . . . . 122 \langlebar (n) . . . . . . . . 96
iota, upside-down . . . . . . 209 king . . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205
\iotaup (ι) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \Knife () . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
\langledot (⦑) . . . . . . . . 96
\ipagamma ( ) . . . . . . . . . 18 knight . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205

260
\langledot (⦑) . . . . . . . . 93
\laplac (⧠) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\Laplace ( ) ....... 58
\laplace ( ) . . . . . . . 58
Laplace transform (L) . . . see
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
alphabets, math
Laplacian (Δ) . . . see \Delta
Laplacian (∇2 ) . . see \nabla
\largeblackcircle (⬤) . 133
\largeblacksquare (⬛) . 133
\largeblackstar (★) . . . 133
\largecircle (◯) . . . . . 133
\largecircle (◯) . . . . . . 132
largectrbull (bullcntr package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 168
\largectrbull . . . . . . . . 168
\largediamond (◇) . . . . 132
\largelozenge (◊) . . . . . 132
\largepencil ( W) . . . . . 128
\largepentagram (…) . . . 132
\LargerOrEqual (>) . . . . 110
\largesquare (⬜) . . . . . . 133
\largesquare (◻) . . . . . . 132
\largestar (☆) . . . . . . . 132
\largestarofdavid (✡) . 132
\largetriangledown (_) 68,
133
\largetriangledown (▽) 67
\largetriangleleft (◁) 67
\largetriangleright (▷) 67
\largetriangleup (^) . . 68,
133
\largetriangleup (△) . . 67
\largewhitestar (☆) . . . 133
\LArrow ( ← ) . . . . . . . . 122
\larrowfill . . . . . . . . . . 106
\Laserbeam (a) . . . . . . 124
\lat (⪫) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\late (⪭) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
LATEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 11,
19, 46, 87, 94, 107, 112,
126, 168, 186, 205, 206,
209–215, 219, 221, 223–
225, 227, 228
LATEX 2𝜀 1, 11, 13, 14, 25, 28,
46, 58, 69, 101, 107, 112,
117, 136, 147, 186, 205–
207, 209, 210, 212, 213,
218, 220–223, 228
latexsym (package) . 28, 46, 58,
69, 112, 206, 226
\latfric (/) . . . . . . . . . . 18
Latin 1 . . . . 11, 221–223, 225
\Latvia (”) . . . . . . . . . . . 176
\Laughey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
laundry symbols . . . . . . . 165
\LB ({) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Lbag (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
\lbag (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
\lbag (Þ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\lbag (⟅) . . . . . . . . . . . .
\lblackbowtie (ì) . . . . .
\lblkbrbrak (⦗) . . . . . . .
⦃
\lBrace ( ) .........
\lbrace ({) ..........
\lbrace ({) . . . . . . . . . . .
⎧
⎪
⎪ \leadsto ({) . . . . . . . 47, 69
\lbrace ( ⎨) . . . . . . . . .
{⎪
⎩
\lbrace ( ) ..........
\Lbrack ([) . . . . . . . . . . . 117
\lBrack ([[) . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\lBrack (⟦) ..........
\lBrack (⟦) . . . . . . . . . . .
⟦
\lBrack ( ) . . . . . . . . . .
\lbrack ([) . . . . . . . . . . .
\lbrack ([) . . . . . . . . .
\lbracklltick (⦏) . . . .
\lbrackubar (⦋) . . . . .
\lbrackultick (⦍) . . . .
\Lbrbrak (⟬) . . . . . . . .
❲
\lbrbrak ( ) .........
LCD numerals . . . . . . . . . 118
\lCeil (⌈⌈) . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\lceil (⌈) . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\lceil (⌈) ...........
⎡⎢
\lceil ( ⎢⎢⎢) . . . . . . . . . . .
⌈⎢
\lceil ( ) . . . . . . . . . . .
\lcirclearrowdown (ÿ) . 71
\lcirclearrowleft (⤾) . 71
\lcirclearrowright (⟳) 71
\lcirclearrowup (↻) . . . 71
\lcircleleftint (∲) . 42, 43
\lcircleleftint (∲) . . . . 41
\lcirclerightint (∲) . 42, 43
\lcirclerightint (∲) . . . 41
\lcm (lcm) . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\lcorners (v) . . . . . . . . . 93
\lcurvearrowdown (⤸) . . . 71
\lcurvearrowleft (º) . . 71
\lcurvearrowne (¼) . . . . 71
\lcurvearrownw (½) . . . . 71
\lcurvearrowright (↷) . . 71
\lcurvearrowse (¿) . . . . 71
\lcurvearrowsw (¾) . . . . 71
\lcurvearrowup (¹) . . . . . 71
\lcurvyangle (⧼) . . . . . . 93
\LD () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\ldbrack (v) . . . . . . . . . . 95
261
93 \ldotp (.) . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
31 \ldotp (.) . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
93 \ldots (. . .) . . . . . . . . . . 107
\Ldsh (↲) . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
97 \Ldsh (↲) . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
\LE (
96 \le . . . . . . . . . . . . . see \leq
\le (≤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
97 \le (≤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
95 \leadsto (↝) . . . . . . . . . 76
\leadsto (↝) . . . . . . . . . 72
97 \leadsto (⇝) . . . . . . . . . 82
leaf . . . . . . . . . see \textleaf
\leafleft (g) . . . . . . . . 132
\leafNE (f) . . . . . . . . . . 132
96 \leafright (h) . . . . . . . 132
leaves . . . . . . . . 132, 137, 191
97 Lefschetz motive (L) . . . . see
alphabets, math
97 \Left . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
\left . . . 94, 98, 99, 206, 208
\LEFTarrow () . . . . . . . . 164
96
\Leftarrow (⇐) . . . . . 27, 69
. . 97 \Leftarrow (⇐) . . . . . . . 76
. . 93 \Leftarrow (⇐) . . . . . . . 71
. . 93 \Leftarrow (⇐) . . . . . . . 82
. . 93 \leftarrow (Ð) . . . . . . . 70
. . 93 \leftarrow (←) . . . . . . . 69
\leftarrow (←) . . . . . . . 75
97 \leftarrow (←) . . . . . . . . 72
\leftarrow (←) . . . . . . . 82
\leftarrowaccent (⃖) . . . 101
\leftarrowapprox (⭊) . . 82
\leftarrowbackapprox (⭂) 82
\leftarrowbsimilar (⭋) . 82
97
\leftarrowless (⥷) . . . . 65
\leftarrowonoplus (⬲) . 82
95 \leftarrowplus (⥆) . . . . 82
\leftarrowshortrightarrow
98 (⥃) . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
\leftarrowsimilar (⥳) . 82
\leftarrowsubset (⥺) . . 61
\leftarrowtail () . . . 69
\leftarrowtail (›) . . . . 79
\leftarrowtail (↢) . . . . 75
\leftarrowtail (↢) . . . . 72
\leftarrowtail (↢) . . . . 82
\leftarrowTriangle (ú) . 79
\leftarrowtriangle (^) 70
\leftarrowtriangle (ý) . 80
\leftarrowtriangle (⇽) . 82
\leftarrowx (⬾) . . . . . . . 82
\leftAssert (⫣) . . . . . . . 52
\leftassert (⫞) . . . . . . . 51
\leftbarharpoon (Ü) . . . 71
\leftbkarrow (⇠) . . . . . . 75
\leftbkarrow (⤌) . . . . . . 82
\leftblackarrow (-) . . . 80
\leftblackspoon (n) . . . 85
\LEFTCIRCLE (G) . . . . . . . 132
\LEFTcircle (G #) . . . . . . . 132
\Leftcircle (I) . . . . . . . 132
\leftcurvedarrow (↜) ..
\leftcurvedarrow (⬿) ..
\leftdasharrow ( ) . ...
\leftdasharrow (⇠) . ...
\leftdbkarrow (⤎) . . ...
\leftdbltail (⤛) . . . ...
\leftdotarrow (⬸) . . ...
\leftdowncurvedarrow (⤶)
\leftdowncurvedarrow
Ñ (⤶)
Ñ . . . . . . . 101
\leftevaw ( ÑÑ) . . . . . ...
\leftfilledspoon (r) . .
\leftfishtail (⥼) . . . . .
\leftfootline (¬) . . . . .
\leftfootline (z) . . . . .
\leftfree (‚) . . . . . . . .
\lefthalfcap (⌜) . . . . . .
\lefthalfcup (⌞) . . . . . .
\lefthand (t) . . . . . . . .
\leftharpoonaccent (⃐) .
\leftharpoonccw (↽) . . .
\leftharpooncw (↼) . . . .
\leftharpoondown (â) . .
\leftharpoondown (↽) . .
\leftharpoondown (‰) . .
\leftharpoondown (↽) . .
\leftharpoondown (↽) . .
\leftharpoondownbar (⥞)
\leftharpoonsupdown (⥢)
\leftharpoonup (à) . . . .
\leftharpoonup (↼) . . . .
\leftharpoonup (ˆ) . . . .
\leftharpoonup (↼) . . . .
\leftharpoonup (↼) . . . .
\leftharpoonupbar (⥚) .
\leftharpoonupdash (⥪) .
\leftlcurvearrow (–) . .
\leftleftarrows (Ð) . . .
\leftleftarrows (⇔) . . .
\leftleftarrows (”) . . .
\leftleftarrows (⇇) . . .
\leftleftarrows (⇇) . . .
\leftleftarrows (⇇) . . .
\leftleftharpoons (Ø) .
\leftlsquigarrow (↜) . .
\leftlsquigarrow (¢) . .
\Leftmapsto (⤆) . . . . . .
\leftmapsto (↤) . . . . . . .
\leftmapsto (↤) . . . . . . .
\leftModels (ò) . . . . . . .
\leftmodels (î) . . . . . . .
\leftmodels (â) . . . . . . .
\leftmoon (K) . . . . . . . . .
\leftmoon (☾) . . . . . . . . .
\leftmoon ($) . . . . . . . .
\leftouterjoin (⟕) . . . .
\leftp (v) . . . . . . . . . . . .
\leftpitchfork (v) . . . .
\leftpitchfork (Š) . . . .
\leftpointright ( R ) ..
\leftpropto (∝) . . . . . . .
\leftrcurvearrow (⤺) . .
\Leftrightarrow (⇔) . . .
76 \Leftrightarrow (⇔) . . . 75 \leftrightsquigarrow (!) .
82 \Leftrightarrow (⇔) . . . 72 . . . . . . . . 69
80 \Leftrightarrow (⇔) . . . 82 \leftrightsquigarrow () 80
82 \leftrightarrow (Ø) . . . 70 \leftrightsquigarrow (↭) 76
82 \leftrightarrow (↔) . . . 69 \leftrightsquigarrow (↭) 72
55 \leftrightarrow (↔) . . . 75 \leftrightsquigarrow (↭) 82
82 \leftrightarrow (↔) . . . 72 \leftrightwavearrow (↭) 75
76 \leftrightarrow (↔) . . . 82 \leftrsquigarrow (↜) . . 76
82 \leftrightarrowaccent (⃡) . . \leftrsquigarrow (↜) . . 72
\LeftScissors (Q) . . . . . 127
98 \leftrightarrowcircle (⥈) . \leftslice (2) . . . . . . . . 28
84 . . . . . . . . 82 \leftslice (Ð) . . . . . . . . 31
55 \leftrightarroweq (-) . . 70 \leftslice (⪦) . . . . . . . . 49
52 \leftrightarroweq (ö) . 80 \leftspoon (⟜) . . . . . . . 85
49 \leftrightarrows (Ô) . . 70 \leftspoon (⟜) . . . . . . . 84
49 \leftrightarrows () . . 69 \leftsquigarrow (ø) . . 70
29 \leftrightarrows () . . 80 \leftsquigarrow (f) . . . 70
30 \leftrightarrows (⇆) . . 75 \leftsquigarrow () . . . 80
129 \leftrightarrows (⇆) . . 72 \leftsquigarrow (↜) . . . 76
101 \leftrightarrows (⇆) . . 82 \leftsquigarrow (⇜) . . . 82
74 \leftrightarrowTriangle (ü) \leftt (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
74 . . . . . . . . 80 \lefttail (⤙) . . . . . . . . 55
71 \leftrightarrowtriangle (]) \lefttherefore () . . . . 108
69 . . . . . . . . 70 \lefttherefore () . 30, 108
80 \leftrightarrowtriangle (ÿ) \leftthreearrows (⬱) . . 82
78 . . . . . . . . 80 \leftthreetimes ($) . . . 113
83 \leftrightarrowtriangle (⇿) \leftthreetimes (h) . . . 28
83 . . . . . . . . 82 \leftthreetimes (Ó) . . . 31
83 \leftrightblackarrow (1) 80 \leftthreetimes (⋋) . . . 30
71 \leftrightblackspoon (q) 85 \leftthreetimes (⋋) . . . . 30
\leftthreetimes (⋋) . . . 32
D
69 \leftrightcurvearrow (¤) 76
\leftthumbsdown ( ) . . 128
U
80 \leftrightharpoon (à) . 71
78 \leftrightharpoondowndown \leftthumbsup ( ) . . . . 128
83 (⥐) . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 \lefttorightarrow (ü) . 70
83 \leftrightharpoondownup (⥊) \lefttorightarrow (ç) . . 80
83 . . . . . . . . 78 \Lefttorque (&) . . . . . . 123
76 \leftrightharpoondownup (⥊) \leftturn (") . . . . . . . . 164
70 . . . . . . . . 74 \leftupcurvedarrow (¡) 76
69 \leftrightharpoondownup (⥋) \leftVDash (⫥) . . . . . . . 52
80 . . . . . . . . 83 \leftVdash (⫣) . . . . . . . 52
75 \leftrightharpoons (è) 71 \leftVdash (ê) . . . . . . . . 49
72 \leftrightharpoons () 69 \leftvDash (⫤) . . . . . . . . 52
82 \leftrightharpoons (“) . 80 \leftvdash (⊣) . . . . . . . . 52
71 \leftrightharpoons (⇋) . 78 \leftvdash (⊣) Ð . . . . . . . . 49
76 \leftrightharpoons (⇋) . 74 Ð
\leftwave ( ÐÐ) . . . . . . . . 98
72 \leftrightharpoons (⇋) . 83
75 \leftrightharpoonsdown (⥧) \leftwavearrow (↜) . . . . 75
75 . . . . . . . . 83 \leftwavearrow (↜) . . . . 82
72 \leftrightharpoonsfill . 106 \leftwhitearrow (â) . . . 80
49 \leftrightharpoonsup (⥦) 83 \leftwhitearrow (⇦) . . . 82
52 \leftrightharpoonupdown (⥋) \leftwhiteroundarrow (ä) 80
49 . . . . . . . . 78 \leftY (.) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
120 \leftrightharpoonupdown (⥋) \leftY (*) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
120 . . . . . . . . 74 \leftzigzagarrow () . . 80
119 \leftrightharpoonupdown (⥊) legal symbols . . 13, 14, 25, 26,
114 . . . . . . . . 83 222
23 \leftrightharpoonupup (⥎) . \legm (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
86 . . . . . . . . 83 \legr (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
84 \Leftrightline (Ô) . . . . 49 \length (q) . . . . . . . . . . . 23
128 \leftrightline (Ð) . . . . 49 \Leo (ä) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
49 \leftrightspoon (⧟) . . . 85 \Leo (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
76 \leftrightsquigarrow (ú) \leo () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
69 . . . . . . . . 70 \leq (ď) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
262
\leq (≤) . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 62
\leq (≤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\leq (≤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\leq (≤) . . . . . . . . . . . 65, 66
\leqclosed (⊴) . . . . . . 64, 68
\leqclosed (⊴) . . . . . . 63, 67
\leqdot (b) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\leqdot (t) . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\leqq (ő) . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\leqq (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\leqq (À) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\leqq (≦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\leqq (≦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\leqq (≦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\leqqslant (⫹) . . . . . . . . 65
\leqslant (6) . . . . . . . . 61
\leqslant (È) . . . . . . . . . 65
\leqslant (⩽) . . . . . . . . . 64
\leqslant (⩽) . . . . . . . . . 63
\leqslant (⩽) . . . . . . . . . 65
\leqslantdot (⩿) . . . . . . 64
\leqslantdot (⩿) . . . . . . 63
\leqslcc (⪨) . . . . . . . . . 64
\lescc (⪨) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\lescc (⪨) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\lesdot (⩿) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lesdot (⩿) . . . . . . . . . . 65
\lesdoto (⪁) . . . . . . . . . 66
\lesdotor (⪃) . . . . . . . . . 66
\lesg (⋚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lesges (⪓) . . . . . . . . . . 66
\less (<) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\less (<) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
less-than signs see inequalities
\lessapprox (Æ) . . . . . . . 62
\lessapprox (/) . . . . . . . 61
\lessapprox (¾) . . . . . . . 65
\lessapprox (⪅) . . . . . . . 64
\lessapprox (⪅) . . . . . . . 63
\lessapprox (⪅) . . . . . . . 66
\lesscc (⪦) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lessclosed (⊲) . . . . . 64, 68
\lessclosed (⊲) . . . . . 63, 67
\lessdot (Ì) . . . . . . . . . 62
\lessdot (l) . . . . . . . . . 61
\lessdot (Ä) . . . . . . . . . 31
\lessdot (⋖) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lessdot (⋖) . . . . . . . . . . 63
\lessdot (⋖) . . . . . . . . . 66
\lesseqgtr (ij) . . . . . . . . 62
\lesseqgtr (Q) . . . . . . . 61
\lesseqgtr (Ä) . . . . . . . . 65
\lesseqgtr (⋚) . . . . . . . . 64
\lesseqgtr (⋚) . . . . . . . . 63
\lesseqgtr (⋚) . . . . . . . . 66
\lesseqgtrslant (⋚) . . . . 64
\lesseqgtrslant (N) . . . . 63
\lesseqqgtr (¿) . . . . . . . 62
\lesseqqgtr (S) . . . . . . . 61
\lesseqqgtr (Æ) . . . . . . . 65
\lesseqqgtr (⪋) . . . . . . . 64
\lesseqqgtr (⪋) . . . . . . . 63
\lesseqqgtr (⪋) . . . . . . . 66 \lgwhtcircle (◯) . . . . . 134
\lesseqslantgtr (⋚) . . . . 64 \lgwhtsquare (⬜) . . . . . . 133
\lessgtr (ž) . . . . . . . . . 62 \lgwhtsquare (⬜) . . . . . 134
\lessgtr (≶) . . . . . . . . . 61 \LHD () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\lessgtr (Â) . . . . . . . . . 65 \lhd (C) . . . . . . . . . . . 28, 29
\lessgtr (≶) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \lhd (⊲) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lessgtr (≶) . . . . . . . . . . 63 \lhd (⊲) . . . . . . . . . . . 63, 67
\lessgtr (≶) . . . . . . . . . 66 \lhd (⊲) . . . . . . . . . . 32, 134
\lessneqqgtr (ò) . . . . . . 63 \lhdbend (~) . . . . . . . . 164
\lhook () . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\LessOrEqual (<) . . . . . . 110 \lhookdownarrow (3) . . . . 76
\lesssim (À) . . . . . . . . . 62 \lhookdownarrow (3) . . . . 72
\lesssim (.) . . . . . . . . . 61 \lhookleftarrow (↩) . . . 76
\lesssim (¼) . . . . . . . . . 65 \lhookleftarrow (2) . . . 72
\lesssim (≲) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \lhooknearrow (⤤) . . . . . 76
\lesssim (≲) . . . . . . . . . . 63 \lhooknearrow (4) . . . . . 72
\lesssim (≲) . . . . . . . . . 66 \lhooknwarrow (⤣) . . . . . 76
\Letter (B) . . . . . . . . . . 123 \lhooknwarrow (⤣) . . . . . 72
\Letter ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 166 \lhookrightarrow (↪) . . 76
\Letter (B vs. ) . . . . . 207 \lhookrightarrow (↪) . . 72
letter-like symbols . . . 91–93, \lhooksearrow (⤥) . . . . . 76
181–184 \lhooksearrow (⤥) . . . . . 72
letters see alphabets, 210, 211 \lhookswarrow (⤦) . . . . . 76
barred . . . . . . . . . . . 210
\lhookswarrow (6) . . . . . 72
non-ASCII . . . . . . . . 14
\lhookuparrow (1) . . . . . 76
slashed . . . . . . . . . . 211
\lhookuparrow (1) . . . . . . 72
variant Greek . . . . . . 90
\Libra (æ) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
variant
Ñ Latin . . . . . . 90
\Libra (X) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\libra (a) . . . . . . . . . . 119
Ñ
\levaw ( ÑÑ) . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Lie derivative (ℒ) . . . . . . see
\LF (␊) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 alphabets, math
\lfbowtie7 (⧑) . . . . . . . . 55 \Liechtenstein (•) . . . . . 176
7 life-insurance symbols 105, 214
\lfilet (77) . . . . . . . . . . . 95
\lightbulb (A) . . . . . . . . 218
\lFloor (⌊⌊) . . . . . . . . . . . 99 lightbulb.mf (file) . 216, 217
\lfloor (⌊) . . . . . . . . . . . 94 lightbulb.sty (file) . . . . 218
lightbulb10.2602gf (file) 216
\lfloor (⌊) . . . . . . . . . . . 97 lightbulb10.dvi (file) . . 216
⎢⎢ lightbulb10.mf (file) 216–218
\lfloor ( ⎢⎢⎢) . . . . . . . . . . 95 lightbulb10.tfm (file) . . 218
⌊⎣ \Lightning (E) . . . . . . . . 123
\lfloor ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 98 
\Lightning ( ) . . . . . . . 166
\lftborder ( ) . . . . . . . 171

\Lightning (E vs. ) . . . 207

\lightning ( ) . . . . . . . . 70
\lftbotcorner ( ) . . . . . 171 \lightning ( vs. ) . . . . 207
\lftimes (⧔) . . . . . . . . . 55
\lfttopcorner () . . . . . 171
\lightning (↯) . . . . . . . . 75
\lightning (☇) . . . . . . . . 72
\LG (
*) . . . . . . . . ... . . . 121 \lightning () . . . . . . . . 164
\lg (lg) . . . . . . . . ... . . . 87 \Lilith (Ø) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\lgblkcircle (⬤) .. . . . 133 \lilyAccent ( ) . . . . . . . 152
\lgblkcircle (⬤) .. . . . 134 \lilyDynamics{f} ( ) . . 152
\lgblksquare (⬛) ... . . . 133 \lilyDynamics{m} ( ) . . . 152
\lgblksquare (⬛) .. . . . 134 \lilyDynamics{p} ( ) . . . 152
\lgE (⪑) ⎧ ....... ... . . . 66 \lilyDynamics{r} ( ) . . . 152
\lilyDynamics{s} ( ) . . . 152
\lgroup ( ) . . . .
⎩ ...... 94
\lilyDynamics{z} ( ) . . . 152
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪ \lilyEspressivo ( ) . 152
\lgroup ( ⎪
⎩) . . . . ...... 97 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
⎧
⎪
⎪
\lgroup ( ⎪
⎪
⎩) . . . ...... 95 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
⎫
\lgroup ( ⎪) . . . ...... 98 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
⎭
\lgwhtcircle (◯) . . . . . 133 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
263
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 162 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 156 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155

264
 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 155 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 157 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 158 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159

265
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 159 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 159 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 159 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 159
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 161
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () .. . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 160 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 161 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154 \lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153

266
 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXIX (È) . . 141
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . . 153 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCLXXV (Ä) . . . . 141
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCLXXVI (Å) . . 141
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCLXXVII (Æ) . . 141
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXVIII (Ç) . 141
(package) . . . 147,
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXX (É) . . . . 141
150–157, 161–163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXI (Ê) . . . 141
lilyglyphs (package) . . . . . 226
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXII (Ë) . . 141
\lilyPrintMoreDots . . . . 151
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXIII (Ì) . 141
\lilyRF ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 152
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXIV (Í) . 141
\lilyRFZ ( ) . . . . . . . . 152
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXIX (Ò) . 141
\lilyStaccato ( ) . . . . . . 152
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXV (Î) . . . 141
\lilyText . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXVI (Ï) . . 141
\lilyThumb ( ) . . . . . . . . . 152
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXVII (Ð) . 141
\lilyTimeC ( ) . . . . . . . . 151
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXXVIII (Ñ) 141
\lilyTimeCHalf ( ) . . . . 151 \LinearACCCV (~) . . . . . . . 139
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyTimeSignature . . . . 151 \LinearACCCVI () . . . . . 139
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153 \lim (lim) . . . . . . . . . 87, 219 \LinearACCCVII (€) . . . . 139
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \liminf (lim inf) . . . . 87, 219 \LinearACCCVIII () . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153 limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 \LinearACCCX (ƒ) . . . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . 153 \limsup (lim sup) . . . 87, 219 \LinearACCCXI („) . . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153 \linbfamily . . . . . . 142, 143 \LinearACCCXII (…) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 Linear A . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXIII (†) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 153 Linear B . . . . . . . . . 142, 143 \LinearACCCXIV (‡) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 153 linear implication . . . . . . see \LinearACCCXIX (Œ) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \multimap \LinearACCCXL (¡) . . . . . 140
linear logic symbols 27–29, 33, \LinearACCCXLI (¢) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
34, 37, 41–43, 46, 58, 91, \LinearACCCXLII (£) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } () . . . . . 154
92 \LinearACCCXLIII (¤) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154
linearA (package) . . . 139, 226 \LinearACCCXLIV (¥) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 154
\LinearAC (c) . . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXLIX (ª) . . . . 140
\LinearACC () . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXLV (¦) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . 154 \LinearACCC (y) . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXLVI (§) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCI (z) . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXLVII (¨) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCII ({) . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXLVIII (©) . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCIII (|) . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXV (ˆ) . . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCIV (}) . . . . . 139 \LinearACCCXVI (‰) . . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCIX (‚) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXVII (Š) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 163 \LinearACCCL («) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXVIII (‹) . . 140
\LinearACCCLI (¬) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXX () . . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\LinearACCCLII (­) . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXI (Ž) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\LinearACCCLIII (®) . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXII () . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153
\LinearACCCLIV (¯) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXIII () . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLIX (´) . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXIV (‘) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLV (°) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXIX (–) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLVI (±) . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXV (’) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLVII (²) . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXVI (“) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLVIII (³) . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXVII (”) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLX (µ) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCCXXVIII (•) . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXI (¶) . . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXX (—) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXII (·) . . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXI (˜) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXIII (¸) . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXII (™) . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXIV (¹) . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXIII (š) . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXIX (¾) . . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXIV (›) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXV (º) . . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXIX ( ) . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXVI (») . . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXV (œ) . . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXVII (¼) . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXVI () . . . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXVIII (½) . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXVII (ž) . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXX (¿) . . . . . 141 \LinearACCCXXXVIII (Ÿ) . 140
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXI (À) . . . 141 \LinearACCI () . . . . . . . 139
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXII (Á) . . 141 \LinearACCII () . . . . . . 139
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXIII (Â) . 141 \LinearACCIII () . . . . . 139
\lilyGlyph{. . . } ( ) . . . . 153 \LinearACCCLXXIV (Ã) . . . 141 \LinearACCIV () . . . . . 139

267

lilyglyphs
\LinearACCIX () . . . . . . 139 \LinearACCXLII (?) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXV (®) . . . . . 141
\LinearACCL (G) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLIII (@) . . . 140 \LinearACLXXVI (¯) . . . . 141
\LinearACCLI (H) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLIV (A) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXVII (°) . . . . 141
\LinearACCLII (I) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLIX (F) . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXVIII (±) . . . 141
\LinearACCLIII (J) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLV (B) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXX (
) . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLIV (K) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLVI (C) . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXI () . . . . 141
\LinearACCLIX (P) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLVII (D) . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXII () . . . . 141
\LinearACCLV (L) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXLVIII (E) . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXIII () . . . 141
\LinearACCLVI (M) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXV ($) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXIV () . . . 141
\LinearACCLVII (N) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXVI (%) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXIX (
) . . . . 141
\LinearACCLVIII (O) . . . 140 \LinearACCXVII (&) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXV () . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLX (Q) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXVIII (') . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXVI () . . . 141
\LinearACCLXI (R) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXX ()) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXVII () . . . 141
\LinearACCLXII (S) . . . . . 140 \LinearACCXXI (*) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXVIII ( ) . . 141
\LinearACCLXIII (T) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXII (+) . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXXX () . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXIV (U) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXIII (,) . . . . 140 \LinearACV (h) . . . . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXIX (Z) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXIV (-) . . . . . 140 \LinearACVI (i) . . . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXV (V) . . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXIX (2) . . . . 140 \LinearACVII (j) . . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXVI (W) . . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXV (.) . . . . . 140 \LinearACVIII (k) . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXVII (X) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXVI (/) . . . . 140 \LinearACX (m) . . . . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXVIII (Y) . . . 141 \LinearACCXXVII (0) . . . 140 \LinearACXCI () . . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXX ([) . . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXVIII (1) . . 140 \LinearACXCII ( ) . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXXI (\) . . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXX (3) . . . . . 140 \LinearACXCIII () . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXXII (]) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXI (4) . . . . . 140 \LinearACXCIV () . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXXIII (^) . . 141 \LinearACCXXXII (5) . . . . 140 \LinearACXCIX () . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXXIV (_) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXIII (6) . . . 140 \LinearACXCV () . . . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXXIX (d) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXIV (7) . . . 140 \LinearACXCVI () . . . . . 141
\LinearACCLXXV (`) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXIX (<) . . . 140 \LinearACXCVII () . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXXVI (a) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXV (8) . . . . . 140 \LinearACXCVIII () . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXXVII (b) . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXVI (9) . . . . 140 \LinearACXI (n) . . . . . . . 139
\LinearACCLXXVIII (c) . . 141 \LinearACCXXXVII (:) . . 140 \LinearACXII (o) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXX (e) . . . . 141 \LinearACCXXXVIII (;) . . 140 \LinearACXIII (p) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXI (f) . . . . 141 \LinearACI (d) . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACXIV (q) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXII (g) . . . 141 \LinearACII (e) . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACXIX (v) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXIII (h) . . 141 \LinearACIII (f) . . . . . . 139 \LinearACXL (‹) . . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXIV (i) . . 141 \LinearACIV (g) . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACXLI (Œ) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXIX (n) . . . 141 \LinearACIX (l) . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACXLII () . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXV (j) . . . 141 \LinearACL (•) . . . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXLIII (Ž) . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXVI (k) . . . 141 \LinearACLI (–) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXLIV () . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXVII (l) . . 141 \LinearACLII (—) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACXLIX (”) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXVIII (m) . 141 \LinearACLIII (˜) . . . . . 140
\LinearACXLV () . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCLXXXX (o) . . . 141 \LinearACLIV (™) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXLVI (‘) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCV () . . . . . . . 139 \LinearACLIX (ž) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXLVII (’) . . . . 140
\LinearACCVI () . . . . . . 139 \LinearACLV (š) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXLVIII (“) . . . 140
\LinearACCVII () . . . . . 139 \LinearACLVI (›) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXV (r) . . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCVIII () . . . . . 139 \LinearACLVII (œ) . . . . . 140 \LinearACXVI (s) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCX () . . . . . . . 140 \LinearACLVIII () . . . . 140 \LinearACXVII (t) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCI (p) . . . . . 141 \LinearACLX (Ÿ) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearACXVIII (u) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCII (q) . . . . 141 \LinearACLXI ( ) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACXX (w) . . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCIII (r) . . . . 141 \LinearACLXII (¡) . . . . . 140
\LinearACXXI (x) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCIV (s) . . . . 141 \LinearACLXIII (¢) . . . . . 140
\LinearACLXIV (£) . . . . . 140 \LinearACXXII (y) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCIX (x) . . . . 139
\LinearACLXIX (¨) . . . . . 141 \LinearACXXIII (z) . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCV (t) . . . . . 139
\LinearACXXIV ({) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCVI (u) . . . . 139 \LinearACLXV (¤) . . . . . . 141
\LinearACCXCVII (v) . . . . 139 \LinearACLXVI (¥) . . . . 141 \LinearACXXIX (€) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXCVIII (w) . . 139 \LinearACLXVII (¦) . . . . 141 \LinearACXXV (|) . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXI ( ) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXVIII (§) . . . 141 \LinearACXXVI (}) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXII (!) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXX (©) . . . . . . 141 \LinearACXXVII (~) . . . . 140
\LinearACCXIII (") . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXI (ª) . . . . . 141 \LinearACXXVIII () . . . 140
\LinearACCXIV (#) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXII («) . . . . 141 \LinearACXXX () . . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXIX (() . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXIII (¬) . . . 141 \LinearACXXXI (‚) . . . . . 140
\LinearACCXL (=) . . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXIV (­) . . . . 141 \LinearACXXXII (ƒ) . . . . 140
\LinearACCXLI (>) . . . . . 140 \LinearACLXXIX ( ) . . . . . 141 \LinearACXXXIII („) . . . . 140

268
\LinearACXXXIV (…) . . . . . 140 \LinearAXCIX (b) . . . . . . 139 \ll (≪) ............. 63
\LinearACXXXIX (Š) . . . . 140 \LinearAXCV (^) . . . . . . . 141 \ll (≪) ............. 66
\LinearACXXXV (†) . . . . . 140 \LinearAXCVI (_) . . . . . . 141
\LinearACXXXVI (‡) . . . . 140 \LinearAXCVII (`) . . . . . . 141 \llangle (⟪) ......... 95
\LinearACXXXVII (ˆ) . . . . 140 \LinearAXCVIII (a) . . . . . 141 \llangle (⦉) . . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearACXXXVIII (‰) . . 140 \LinearAXI (
) . . . . . . . . 139 \llap . . . . . . . . . 23, 24, 213
\LinearAI ( ) . . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearAXII () . . . . . . . 139 \llarc (◟) . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\LinearAII (
) . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearAXIII () . . . . . . 139 \llblacktriangle (◣) . . 134
\LinearAIII () . . . . . . . 139 \LinearAXIV ( ) . . . . . . . 140 \llbracket (~) . . . . . . . . 94
\LinearAIV () . . . . . . . . 139 \LinearAXIX () . . . . . . . 140 ‹
\LinearAXL (') . . . . . . . . 140 \llbracket ( ) . . . . . . . . 99
\LinearAIX () . . . . . . . . 139
\LinearAL (1) . . . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLI (() . . . . . . . 140
\llceil (V) . . . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearALI (2) . . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLII ()) . . . . . . 140 \llcorner (z) . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearALII (3) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLIII (*) . . . . . 140 \llcorner (x) . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearALIII (4) . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLIV (+) . . . . . . 140 \llcorner (à) . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearALIV (5) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLIX (0) . . . . . . 140
\LinearALIX (:) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLV (,) . . . . . . . 140 \llcorner (⌞) . . . . . . . . . 97
\LinearALV (6) . . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLVI (-) . . . . . . 140
\LinearALVI (7) . . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLVII (.) . . . . . 140 \llcorner (⌞) . . . . . . . . . 95
\LinearALVII (8) . . . . . . 140 \LinearAXLVIII (/) . . . . 140
\LinearALVIII (9) . . . . . 140 \LinearAXV () . . . . . . . . 140 \llcorner (⌞) . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearALX (;) . . . . . . . . 140 \llcurly (Î) . . . . . . . . . 48
\LinearAXVI () . . . . . . . 140
\LinearALXI (<) . . . . . . . 140 \llcurly (ê) . . . . . . . . . 54
\LinearAXVII () . . . . . . 140
\LinearALXII (=) . . . . . . 140 \LLeftarrow (⭅) . . . . . . . 82
\LinearAXVIII () . . . . . 140 \Lleftarrow (W) . . . . . . 69
\LinearALXIII (>) . . . . . 140 \LinearAXX () . . . . . . . . 140
\LinearALXIV (?) . . . . . . 140 \Lleftarrow (®) . . . . . . . 80
\LinearAXXI () . . . . . . . 140 \Lleftarrow (⇚) . . . . . . 75
\LinearALXIX (D) . . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXII () . . . . . . 140
\LinearALXV (@) . . . . . . . 140 \Lleftarrow (⇚) . . . . . . 72
\LinearAXXIII () . . . . . 140 \Lleftarrow (⇚) . . . . . . . 82
\LinearALXVI (A) . . . . . . 140
\LinearAXXIV () . . . . . . 140 \llfloor (T) . . . . . . . . . . 93
\LinearALXVII (B) . . . . . 141
\LinearAXXIX () . . . . . . 140 \lll (Î) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\LinearALXVIII (C) . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXV () . . . . . . . 140 \lll (≪) . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\LinearALXX (E) . . . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXVI () . . . . . . 140 \lll (≪ vs. Î) . . . . . . . 207
\LinearALXXI (F) . . . . . . 141 \lll (Ö) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\LinearAXXVII () . . . . . 140
\LinearALXXII (G) . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXVIII () . . . . . 140 \lll (⋘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\LinearALXXIII (H) . . . . 141 \LinearAXXX () . . . . . . . 140 \lll (⋘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\LinearALXXIV (I) . . . . . 141 \lll (⋘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\LinearAXXXI () . . . . . . 140
\LinearALXXIX (N) . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXII () . . . . . 140 \llless . . . . . . . . . see \lll
\LinearALXXV (J) . . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXIII ( ) . . . . 140 \llless (⋘) . . . . . . . . . 64
\LinearALXXVI (K) . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXIV (!) . . . . . 140 \llless (⋘) . . . . . . . . . 63
\LinearALXXVII (L) . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXIX (&) . . . . . 140 \llless (⋘) . . . . . . . . . 66
\LinearALXXVIII (M) . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXV (") . . . . . . 140 \lllnest (⫷) . . . . . . . . . 66
\LinearALXXX (O) . . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXVI (#) . . . . . 140 \llparenthesis (L) . . . . . 93
\LinearALXXXI (P) . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXVII ($) . . . . 140 \llparenthesis (⦇) . . . . . 93
\LinearALXXXII (Q) . . . . . 141 \LinearAXXXVIII (%) . . . . 140 \lltriangle (◺)⎧ .. . . . . . 134
\LinearALXXXIII (R) . . . . 141 linearb (package) 142, 143, 226, \lmoustache (⎭) . . ..... 94
\LinearALXXXIV (S) . . . . 141 227 ⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
\LinearALXXXIX (X) . . . . 141 \linefeed () . . . . . . . . . 80 ⎪
\lmoustache ( ⎭) ...... 97
\LinearALXXXV (T) . . . . . . 141 \linefeed (↴) . . . . . . . . 82 ⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
\LinearALXXXVI (U) . . . . 141 \Lineload (L) . . . . . . . . 123 \lmoustache ( ⎪
⎭) ...... 95
\LinearALXXXVII (V) . . . . 141 linguistic symbols . . . . 16–19 ⎧
\LinearALXXXVIII (W) . . . 141 \lmoustache ( ⎪) ...... 98
⎭
\LinearALXXXX (Y) . . . . . 141
\LinearAV () . . . . . .
\LinearAVI () . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
139
139
\Lisa (  ) . . . . . . . 172
\ln (ln) . . . .
\lnapprox (Ê)
...
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
87
62
\Lithuania (–) . . . . . . . . 176 \lnapprox () .. . . . . . . 61
\LinearAVII () . . . . . . . 139 liturgical music . . . . . . . . 149 \lnapprox (š) ... . . . . . . 65
\LinearAVIII () . . . . . . 139 \lJoin (X) . . . . . . . . . . . 48 \lnapprox (⪉) ... . . . . . . 64
\LinearAX ( ) . . . . . . . . . 139 \lJoin (⋉) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \lnapprox (⪉) ... . . . . . . 63
\LinearAXCI (Z) . . . . . . . 141 \LK () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \lnapprox (⪉) ... . . . . . . 66
\LinearAXCII ([) . . . . . . 141 \ll (!) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 \lneq (ň) . . . ... . . . . . . 62
\LinearAXCIII (\) . . . . . 141 \ll (≪) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 \lneq () . . . ... . . . . . . 61
\LinearAXCIV (]) . . . . . . 141 \ll (≪) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \lneq (Œ) . . . ... . . . . . . 65

269
\lneq (⪇) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lneq (⪇) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\lneqq (š) . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\lneqq () . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\lneqq (ˆ) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\lneqq (≨) . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lneqq (≨) . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\lneqq (≨) . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\lnot . . . . . . . . . . . see \neg
\lnot (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\lnot (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\lnot (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\lnsim (Ä) . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\lnsim () . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\lnsim (’) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\lnsim (⋦) . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\lnsim (≴) . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\lnsim (⋦) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\LO () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
local ring (𝒪) . see alphabets,
math
\log (log) . . . . . . . . . 87, 219
log-like symbols . . . . . 87, 219
logic (package) . . . . . . . . . 123
logic gates . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
logical operators
and . . . . . . . see \wedge
not . . see \neg and \sim
or . . . . . . . . . . see \vee
\logof () . . . . . . . . . . . 47
lollipop . . . . . . see \multimap
long s (ſ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
long division . . . . . . 102–103
’
\longa () . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\longa (λ) . . . . . . . . . . . 172
\longcastling (O-O-O) . 169
\longdashv (⟞) . . . . . . 52
\longdashv (⟞) . . . . . . 55
longdiv (package) . . . . . . . 102
longdiv.tex (file) . . . . . . 102
⟌ \lsqhook (⫍) . . . . . . . . 55
\longdivision ( ⃖⃖⃖⃖) . 102, 103
\longleadsto (⟿) . . . . 76
\Longleftarrow (⇐=) . . . 69
\Longleftarrow (⇐Ô) . . . 71
\Longleftarrow (⟸) . . . 75
\Longleftarrow (⟸) . . . 82
\longleftarrow (←Ð) . . . 71
\longleftarrow (←−) . . .
\longleftarrow (⟵) . . .
69
75
\longleftarrow (⟵) . . . 82
\longleftfootline (⟝) 52
\Longleftrightarrow (⇐⇒) 69
\Longleftrightarrow (⇐⇒) 71
\Longleftrightarrow (⟺) 75
\Longleftrightarrow (⟺) 82
\longleftrightarrow (←→) 71
\longleftrightarrow (←→) 69
\longleftrightarrow (⟷) 75
\longleftrightarrow (⟷) 82
\longleftsquigarrow (⬳) 76
\longleftsquigarrow (⬳) 82
\longleftwavearrow (⬳) 75
\Longmapsfrom (⇐=\) . . . . 70
\Longmapsfrom (⟽) . . 52, 75
\Longmapsfrom (⟽) . . . . 82
\longmapsfrom (←−[) . . . . 70
\longmapsfrom (⟻) . . 52, 75
\longmapsfrom (⟻) . . . . 82
\Longmapsto (
=⇒) . . . . . 70
\Longmapsto (⟾) . . . . . 75
\Longmapsto (⟾) . . . . . 81
\longmapsto (z→) . . . . . . 71
\longmapsto (↦−→) . . . . . 69
\longmapsto (⟼) . . . . . 75
\longmapsto (⟼) . . . . . 81
&
\LongPulseHigh ( ) . . . 118
'
\LongPulseLow ( ) . . . 118
\Longrightarrow (=⇒) . . 69
\Longrightarrow (Ô⇒) . . 71
\Longrightarrow (⟹) . . 75
\Longrightarrow (⟹) . . 81
\longrightarrow (Ð→) . . 71
\longrightarrow (−→) . . 69
\longrightarrow (⟶) . . 75
\longrightarrow (⟶) . . 81
\longrightfootline (⟞) 52
\longrightsquigarrow (⟿) .
. . . . . . . . 76
\longrightsquigarrow (⟿) .
. . . . . . . . 81
\longrightwavearrow (⟿) 75
\looparrowdownleft (î) 70
\looparrowdownleft (è) . 80
\looparrowdownright (ï) 70
\looparrowdownright (é) 80
\looparrowleft (ì) . . . . 70
\looparrowleft (") . . . . 69
\looparrowleft ( ) . . . . 80
\looparrowleft (↫) . . . . 75
\looparrowleft (↫) . . . . 71
\looparrowleft (↫) . . . . 81
\looparrowright (í) . . . 70
\looparrowright (#) . . . 69
\looparrowright (¡) . . . 80
\looparrowright (↬) . . . 75
\looparrowright (↬) . . . 71
\looparrowright (↬) . . . 81
\Loosebearing ($) . . . . . 123
\lor . . . . . . . . . . . . see \vee
\lor (∨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\lor (∨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
o
\LowerDiamond ( ) . . . . . 135
lowering . see \textlowering
\lowint (⨜) . . . . . . . . . . . 44
\lowintsl (⨜) . . . . . . . . . 45
\lowintup (⨜) . . . . . . . . . 45
\lozenge (♦) . . . . . . . . . 112
\lozenge (â) . . . . . . . . . . 133
\lozenge (◊) . . . . . . . . . 133
\lozenge (◊) . . . . . . . . . . 132
\lozenge (◊) . . . . . . . . . 134
\lozengedot (ç) . . . . . . . 133
\lozengeminus (⟠) . . . . . 133
\lozengeminus (⟠) . . . . . 36
lozenges . . . . . 112, 132–134,
157–161, 164
270
\Lparen (() . . . . . . . . . . . 117
⦅
\lParen ( ) .......... 98
\lparen (() . . . . . . . . . . . 97
\lparen (() . . . . . . . . .. . 97
\Lparengtr (⦕) . . . . . .. . 93
\lparenless (⦓) . . . . .. . 93
\lrarc (◞) . . . . . . . . .. . 114
\lrblacktriangle (◢) . . 134
\lrcorner ({) . . . . . . .. . 93
\lrcorner (y) . . . . . . .. . 93
\lrcorner (á) . . . . . . .. . 93
\lrcorner (⌟) . . . . . . . . . 96
\lrcorner (⌟) . . . . . . . . . 95
\lrcorner (⌟) . . . . . . . . . 93
\lrJoin . . . . . . . . see \Join
\lrtimes (\) . . . . . . . . . . 48
\lrtimes (⋈) . . . . . . . . . 31
\lrtriangle (◿) . . . . . . . 134
\lrtriangleeq (⧡) . . . . . 68
\lsem (⟦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
L
P
\lsem ( P
P
P ) . . . . . . . . . . . 95
N . . . see \ldbrack
\lsemantic
ffl
\lsf () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
–
\lsfz () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\Lsh (è) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
\Lsh () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
\Lsh (ž) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\Lsh (↰) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
\Lsh (↰) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\Lsh (↰) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
\lsime (⪍) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\lsimg (⪏) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\Lsteel (™) . . . . . . . . . . 123
\Lt (Î) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\Lt (⪡) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\ltcc (⪦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\ltcc (⪦) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\ltcir (ø) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\ltcir (⩹) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\ltimes (˙) . . . . . . . . . . 29
\ltimes (n) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\ltimes (Ô) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\ltimes (⋉) . . . . . . . . 30, 31
\ltimes (⋉) . . . . . . . . . . 30
\ltimes (⋉) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\ltimesblack (é) . . . . . . 31
\ltlarr (⥶) . . . . . . . . . . 65
\ltquest (⩻) . . . . . . . . . 65
\ltriple . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\ltrivb (⧏) . . . . . . . . . . 68
\LU () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
LuaLATEX . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Luecking, Dan . . . . . . . . . 212
\Luxembourg (—) . . . . . . . . 176
\lVert (‖) . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\lVert (||) . . . . ........ 99 \mancone (#) . . . . . . . . . 164 \marcatoDown ( ) . . . . . . . 152
∥
∥ \mancube () . . . . . . . . . 164
∥
\lVert ( ∥ ∥
∥) . . ........ 96 \manerrarrow (y) . . . . . 164
\lvert (|) . . . . ........ 94 \ManFace (ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . 165
∣∣ \manfilledquartercircle (!)
∣
\lvert ( ∣∣∣) . . . ... . . . . . 96
. . . . . . . 164
manfnt (package) . . . 164, 226
\Marge (  ) . . . . . . . 172
\lvertneqq (ť) ... . . . . . 62 \markera (x) . . . . . . . . . 169
\manhpennib () . . . . . . . 164 \markerb (y) . . . . . . . . . 169
\lvertneqq ( ) .. . . . . . 61
\lvertneqq (€)
\manimpossiblecube () . 164 married . . . see \textmarried
... . . . . . 65
\mankidney () . . . . . . . . 164 \Mars (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\lvertneqq (≨) ... . . . . . 64
\manlhpenkidney () . . . . 164 \Mars (Ä) . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\lvertneqq (≨) ... . . . . . 63
\manpenkidney () . . . . . 164 \Mars (h) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\lvertneqq (≨) ... . . . . . 65
Å
Å \manquadrifolium (&) . . 164 \mars (♂) . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Å
Å
Å
\lVvert ( Å) . ........ 96 \manquartercircle ( ) . . 164 marvosym (package) . 24, 110,
\Lvzigzag (⧚) . ........ 93 \manrotatedquadrifolium 119, 121, 123, 124, 127,
\lvzigzagÐ (⧘) . ........ 93 (') . . . . . . . . . . . 164 130, 164, 165, 175, 207
Ð \manrotatedquartercircle (") masonic cipher . . . . . . . . 174
\lwave ( ÐÐ) . . . ........ 98 . . . . . . . 164 \mate (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
_
_
\manstar () . . . . . . . . . 164 material biconditional . . . . . .
\lWavy ( _ _
_) . . ........ 95 \mantiltpennib () . . . . 164 . . see \leftrightarrow
^^_ \mantriangledown (7) . . . 164 and \equiv
\lwavy ( ^^^) . . . ........ 95 \mantriangleright (x) . . 164 material conditional . . . . . see
\lz (1) .^. . . . . ........ 18 \mantriangleup (6) . . . . 164 \rightarrow and \supset
\manvpennib () . . . . . . . . 164 material equivalence . . . . . . .
M map symbols . . . . . . 186–187 . . see \leftrightarrow
\M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 \Mappedfromchar () . . . . . 86 and \equiv
\M (´) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \mappedfromchar () . . . . . 86 material implication . . . . . see
\m .¯. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 \rightarrow and \supset
\m ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \Mapsdown (/) . . . . . . . . . 76 material nonimplication . . . . .
\ma ¯(¯
×) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \mapsdown () . . . . . . . . . 79 . . see \nrightarrow and
\Macedonia (˜) . . . . . . . . . 176 \mapsdown (↧) . . . . . . . . . 76 \nsupset
\macron (ā) . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \mapsdown (↧) . . . . . . . . . 81 math alphabets . . . . . . . . 116
macron (ā) . . . . . see accents \Mapsfrom (⇐\) . . . . . . . . 70 mathabx (package) . . . 27, 29,
\Mapsfrom (à) . . . . . . . . 79 33, 38, 48, 49, 59, 62, 66,

\Mapsfrom (⤆) . . . . . . . . 76
\Maggie ( ) . . . . . . . 172
magic (package) . . . . 204, 226
Magic: The Gathering symbols
. . . . . . . 204
magical signs . . . . . . . . . . 173
majuscules . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\makeatletter . . . . . . . . 213
\makeatother . . . . . . . . . 213
\MALE (‚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
\Male (|) . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
male . . . . . 119, 120, 123, 124,
180–184, 188–190
\male (♂) . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
\male (♂) . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
\MaleMale (ƒ) . . . . . . . . 124
\Malta (™) . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
\maltese (z) . . . . . . . . . 14
\maltese (î) . . . . . . . . . 114
\maltese (✠) . . . . . . . . . 113
\maltese (✠) . . . . . . . . . 113
\maltese (✠) . . . . . . . . . 114
man . 138, 165, 180, 186–187,
198–202
\manboldkidney () . . . . . 164
\manconcentriccircles ($) .
. . . . . . . 164
\manconcentricdiamond (%) .
. . . . . . . 164
70, 71, 86, 91, 93–95, 100,
\Mapsfrom (⤆) . . . . . . . . 81
\mapsfrom (←[) . . . . . . . . 70
\mapsfrom () . . . . . . . . 79
\mapsfrom (↤) . . . . . . . . 76
\mapsfrom (↤) . . . . . . . . 81
\Mapsfromchar (û) . . . . . . 86
\Mapsfromchar (\) . . . . . . 86
\mapsfromchar (ß) . . . . . . 86
\mapsfromchar ([) . . . . . . 86
\mapsfromchar (:) . . . . . . 87
\Mapsto (
⇒) . . . . . . . . . . 70
\Mapsto (á) . . . . . . . . . . 79
\Mapsto (⤇) . . . . . . . . . . 76
\Mapsto (⤇) . . . . . . . . . . 81
\mapsto (↦→) . . . . . . . . . . 69
\mapsto () . . . . . . . . . . 79
\mapsto (↦) . . . . . . . . . . 76
\mapsto (↦) . . . . . . . . . . 72
\mapsto (↦) . . . . . . . . . . 81
\Mapstochar (ú) . . . . . . . . 86
\Mapstochar (
) . . . . . . . . 86
\mapstochar (Þ) . . . . . . . . 86
\mapstochar () . . . . . . . . 87
\Mapsup (-) . . . . . . . . . . 76
\mapsup () . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\mapsup (↥) . . . . . . . . . . . 76
\mapsup (↥) . . . . . . . . . . . 81
\marcato ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 152
104, 110, 113, 120, 169,
206, 207, 226
\mathaccent . . . . . . . . . . 210
\mathbb . . . . . . . . . 116, 117
\mathbbm . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathbbmss . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathbbmtt . . . . . . . . . . . 116
mathbbol (package) . 116, 117
\mathbf . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
\mathbin . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\mathbold . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
mathcal (euscript package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathcal . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathcent (¢) . . . . . . . . . 91
\mathchoice . . . . . . . . . . 212
\mathclose . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\mathcolon (∶) . . . . . . . . 108
mathcomp (package) . . . . 110
mathdesign (package) . 24, 32,
46, 92, 98, 115, 226
\mathdollar ($) . . . . . . . 27
\mathdollar ($) . . . . . . . 92
mathdots (package) . 100, 107,
109, 213, 226
\mathds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathellipsis (. . .) . . . . 27
\mathellipsis (…) . . . . . 109

271
mathematical symbols 27–117
\mathfrak . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathnormal . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathop . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\mathopen . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\mathord . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\mathpalette . . . . . 212, 213
\mathparagraph (¶) . . . . 27
\mathparagraph (¶) . . . . . 92
\mathpunct . . . . . . . . . . . 219
\mathratio (∶) . . . . . . . . 108
\mathrel . . . . . . . . 210, 219
\mathring ( ̊ ) . . . . . . . . . 101
\mathring (˚) . . . . . 100, 101
\mathrm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
mathrsfs (package) . . 116, 226
mathscr (euscript package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 116
mathscr (urwchancal package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathscr . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\mathsection (S) . . . . . . 27
\mathsection (§) . . . . . . 114
\mathslash (/) . . . . . . . 96
\mathslash (/) . . . . . . . . 97
mathspec (package) . . . . . 88
mathspec.sty (file) . . . . . 88
\mathsterling (£) . . . . . . 91
\mathsterling ($) . . . . . 27
\mathsterling (£) . . . . . . 92
mathtools (package) . . 27, 56,
104, 106, 226
\mathunderscore ( ) . . . . 27
\mathvisiblespace (␣) . . 114
\max (max) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
$
\maxima () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Maxwell-Stefan diffusion coeffi-
cient . . . . . . . . . . . see
\DH
\maya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Mayan numerals . . . . . . . 110
\Mb (´
˘¯) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\mb (¯) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˘ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\Mbb (¯´
˘¯˘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\mBb (¯
˘´¯˘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˘˘´
\mbB (¯¯
\mbb (¯¯) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˘˘
mbboard (package) . . 116, 117,
226
\mbbx (¯¯ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˘˘˘
\mbox .¯.¯. . . . . . . . . 212, 213
\MC (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\mdblkcircle (⚫) . . . . . . 134
\mdblkdiamond (◆) . . . . . 35
\mdblkdiamond (⬥) . . . . . 134
\mdblklozenge (⧫) . . . . . 133
\mdblklozenge (⬧) . . . . . 134
\mdblksquare (■) . . . . . . 35
\mdblksquare (◼) . . . . . . 134
\mdlgblkcircle (●) . . . . 35
\mdlgblkcircle (●) . . . . 134
\mdlgblkdiamond (◆) . . . 35
\mdlgblkdiamond (◆) . . . 134
\mdlgblklozenge (⧫) . . . 133
\mdlgblklozenge (⧫) 36, 134
\mdlgblksquare (■) . . . . 35
\mdlgblksquare (■) . . . . 134
\mdlgwhtcircle (○) . . . . 35
\mdlgwhtcircle (○) . . . . 36
\mdlgwhtdiamond (◇) . . . 35
\mdlgwhtdiamond (◇) . . . 134
\mdlgwhtlozenge (◊) . . . 133
\mdlgwhtlozenge (◊) . . . 134
\mdlgwhtsquare (□) . . . . 35
\mdlgwhtsquare (□) . . . . 134
\mdsmblkcircle (⦁) . . . . . 134
\mdsmblksquare (◾) . . . . 134
\mdsmwhtcircle (⚬) . . . . . 134
\mdsmwhtsquare (◽) . . . . 134
\mdwhtcircle (⚪) . . . . . . 134
\mdwhtdiamond (◇) . . . . . 35
\mdwhtdiamond (⬦) . . . . . 134
\mdwhtlozenge (◊) . . . . . 133
\mdwhtlozenge (⬨) . . . . . 134
\mdwhtsquare (□) . . . . . . 35
\mdwhtsquare (◻) . . . . . . 134
mdwmath (package) . 105, 226,
227
\measangledltosw (⦯) . . . 112
\measangledrtose (⦮) . . . 112
\measangleldtosw (⦫) . . . 112
\measanglelutonw (⦩) . . . 112
\measanglerdtose (⦪) . . . 112
\measanglerutone (⦨) . . . 112
\measangleultonw (⦭) . . . 112
\measangleurtone (⦬) . . . 112
\measeq (≞) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\measuredangle (>) . . . . 113
\measuredangle (]) . . . . 111
\measuredangle (Ö) . . . . 111
\measuredangle (∡) . . . . 111
\measuredangle (∡) . . . . 111
\measuredangle (∡) . . . . 112
\measuredangleleft (⦛) . 111
\measuredangleleft (⦛) . 112
\measuredrightangle (á) 111
\measuredrightangle (⊾) 111
\measuredrightangle (⊾) 112
\measuredrightangledot (⦝)
. . . . . . . 111
mechanical scaling . . 216, 218
\medbackslash (∖) . . . 30, 31
\medbackslash (∖) . . . . . 30
\medblackcircle (●) . . . 34
\medblackdiamond (◆) . . 34
\medblacklozenge (⧫) . . . 133
\medblacksquare (■) . . . 34
\medblackstar (⭑) . . . . . 34
\medblackstar (⭑) . . . . . 134
\medblacktriangledown (▼) .
. . . . . . 34, 68
\medblacktriangleleft (◀) .
. . . . . . 34, 68
272
\medblacktriangleright (▶)
. . . . . . 34, 68
\medblacktriangleup (▲) 34,
68
\medbullet () . . . . . . . . 29
\medcirc () . . . . . . . . . . 29
\medcircle (○) . . . . . . . . 34
\medcircle (◯) . . . . . . . . 30
\meddiamond (◇) . . . . . . . 34
\meddiamond (◇) . . . . . . . 34
media control symbols . . 164,
181–184
\medlozenge (◊) . . . . . . . 133
\medlozenge (◊) . . . . . . . 132
\medslash (∕) . . . . 30, 31, 34
\medslash (∕) . . . . . . . . . 30
\medsquare (□) . . . . . . . . 34
\medsquare (◻) . . . . . . . . 34
\medstar (⭑) . . . . . . . . . 35
\medstar (☆) . . . . . . . . . 34
\medstarofdavid (✡) . . . 132
\medtriangledown (▽) 34, 68
\medtriangledown (▽) 34, 67
\medtriangleleft (◁) 34, 68
\medtriangleleft (◁) 34, 67
\medtriangleright (▷) 34, 68
\medtriangleright (▷) 34, 67
\medtriangleup (△) . . 34, 68
\medtriangleup (△) . . 34, 67
\medvert (∣) . . . . . . . . . . 30
\medvertdot () . . . . . . . 30
\medwhitestar (⭐) . . . . . 34
\medwhitestar (⭐) . . . . . 134
Mellin transform (ℳ) . . . see
alphabets, math
membership . . . . . . . see \in
\Mercury (A) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Mercury (Â) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Mercury (f) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\mercury (') . . . . . . . . . . 119
\merge (!) . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\merge (Ž) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
METAFONT . 11, 117, 215–218
METAFONTbook symbols . 164
9
\meterplus ( ) . . . . . . . 148
\method (𝐴) . . . . . . . . . . 125
metre (package) . 22, 100, 171,
226
metre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
metrical symbols . . . 171, 172
mezzo ( ) . . . . . . . . 152, 163
.mf files . . . . . . 11, 186, 216
\mglgwhtcircle (○) . . . . 134
\mglgwhtlozenge (◊) . . . 134
\mho (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\mho (℧) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
micro . . . . . . . . see \textmu
\micro (µ) . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Microsoft® Windows® . . 223
\mid (|) . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 96
\mid (∣) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\mid (∣) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\midbarvee (⩝) . . . . . . . . 32
\midbarwedge (⩜) . . . . . . 32
\midcir (⫰) . . . . . . . . . . . 85
\midcir (⫰) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\middle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\middlebar ( ̵ ) . . . . . . . . 101
\middleslash ( ̷ ) . . . . . . 101
\midtilde ({) . . . . . . . . . 23
MIL-STD-806 . . . . . . . . . 123
millesimal sign . . . . . . . . see
\textperthousand
milstd (package) . 123, 226, 227
\min (min) . . . . . . . . 87, 219
\MineSign (³) . . . . . . . . 165
minim . . see musical symbols
\minim ( ,) . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\minimDotted ( u) . . . . . . 150
\minimDottedDouble ( u u) . 150
uu
\minimDottedDoubleDown ( )
. . . . . . . 150
u
\minimDottedDown ( ) . . . 150
,
\minimDown ( ) . . . . . . . . 150
Minkowski space (M) . . . . see
alphabets, math
minus . . . . . . see \textminus
\minus (−) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\minus (−) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
minus, double-dotted (÷) . see
\div
\minuscolon (−:) . . . . . . 58
\minuscoloncolon (−::) . . 58
\minusdot (⨪) . . . . . . . . . 30
\minusdot () . . . . . . . . . 30
\minusdot (⨪) . . . . . . . . . 32
\minusfdots (⨫) . . . . . . . 30
\minusfdots (⨫) . . . . . . . 32
\minushookdown (¬) . . . . 113
\minushookdown (¬) . . . . 113
\minushookup (⨼) . . . . . . 31
\minushookup (⨼) . . . . . . 113
\minuso (
) . . . . . . . 28, 211 \multimap (⊸) . . . . . . . . 55
\minuso (é) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\minusrdots (⨬) . . . . . . . 30
\minusrdots (⨬) . . . . . . . 32
minutes, angular . see \prime
miscellaneous symbols 112–115,
137, 164–181, 185
“Missing $ inserted” . . 27
\mlcp (⫛) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\Mmappedfromchar () . . . . 86
\mmappedfromchar () . . . . 86
\Mmapstochar () . . . . . . . 86
\mmapstochar () . . . . . . . 86
MnSymbol (package) . 27, 29,
30, 34, 41, 42, 49–51, 60,
63, 67, 71–74, 84, 85, 90,
91, 95, 100, 102, 103, 108,
111, 113, 132, 136, 147,
226
\Moai ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
\Mobilefone (H) . . . . . . . 123
\mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\models (|=) . . . . . . . 46, 210
\models (⊧) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\models (⊧) . . . . . . . . . . 50
\models (⊧) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\modtwosum (⨊) . . . . . . . 43
⨊
\modtwosum ( ) . . . . . . . 44
moduli space . . see alphabets,
math
\Moldova (š) . . . . . . . . . . 177
monetary symbols 24, 25, 117
\Montenegro (›) . . . . . . . . 177
monus . . . . . . . . see \dotdiv
\moo () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\moo (æ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\Moon (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Moon (Á) . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Moon (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
moon . 119, 120, 174, 188–190
\MoonPha . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
moonphase (package) 188, 226
w
\Mordent () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Y
\mordent () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\morepawns (S) . . . . . . . . 169
\moreroom (U) . . . . . . . . 169

\Mountain ( ) . . . . . . . . 166
mouse . . see \ComputerMouse
\MoveDown (») . . . . . . . . . 164
\moverlay . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
\MoveUp (º) . . . . . . . . . . 164
\mp (∓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\mp (ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\mp (∓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\mp (∓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\mp (∓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\Mu (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\mu (𝜇) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
multiline braces . . . . . . . . 105
\multimap (() . . . . . . 47, 48
\multimap (³) . . . . . . . . 54
\multimap (⊸) . . . . . . . . 85
\multimap (⊸) . . . . . . . . 84
\multimapboth () . . . . 48
\multimapboth (À) . . . . . 54
\multimapboth (˛) . . . . 58
\multimapbothvert (•) . . 48
\multimapbothvert (Æ) . . 54
\multimapdot () . . . . . . 48
\multimapdot (´) . . . . . . 54
\multimapdotboth () . . 48
\multimapdotboth (Á) . . 54
\multimapdotbothA () . 48
\multimapdotbothA (Ã) . 54
\multimapdotbothAvert (˜) 48
\multimapdotbothAvert (É) 54
\multimapdotbothB () . 48
\multimapdotbothB (Â) . 54
\multimapdotbothBvert (—) 48
\multimapdotbothBvert (È) 54
\multimapdotbothvert (–) 48
\multimapdotbothvert (Ç) 54
\multimapdotinv () . . . 48
\multimapdotinv (Å) . . . 54
\multimapinv () . . . . . . 48
\multimapinv (Ä) . . . . . . 54
273
\multimapinv (⟜) . . . . . . 85
\multimapinv (⟜) . . . . . . 55
multiple accents per character
. . . . . . . 214
\MultiplicationDot (÷) . 110
multiplicative disjunction . see
\bindnasrepma, \invamp,
and \parr
\Mundus (m) . . . . . . . . . . 165
\muon (𝑥) . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Museum of Icelandic Sorcery
and Witchcraft . . . 174
musical symbols 26, 147–163,
180–184
musixgre (package) . . . . . . 149
musixlit (package) . . . . . . 149
musixper (package) . . . . . . 149
MusiXTEX . . . . . . . 148, 149
musixtex (package) . . 226, 227
\muup (µ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\MVAt (@) . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\MVComma (,) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVDivision (/) . . . . . . . 110
\MVEight (8) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVFive (5) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVFour (4) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVLeftBracket (() . . . . 110
\MVMinus (-) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVMultiplication (*) . . 110
\MVNine (9) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVOne (1) . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVPeriod (.) . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVPlus (+) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVRightArrow (:) . . . . . 110
\MVRightBracket ()) . . . . 110
\MVSeven (7) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVSix (6) . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVThree (3) . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVTwo (2) . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\MVZero (0) . . . . . . . . . . 110
N
\nabla (∇) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\nabla (∇) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\nabla (∇) . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\nacwcirclearrowdown (⟲̸) 76
\nacwcirclearrowleft (↺̸) 76
\nacwcirclearrowright (̸)
. . . . . . . . 76
\nacwcirclearrowup (̸) 76
\nacwgapcirclearrow (⟲̸) 77
\nacwleftarcarrow (⤹̸) . . 76
\nacwnearcarrow (̸) . . . 76
\nacwnwarcarrow (̸) . . . 76
\nacwopencirclearrow (↺̸) 77
\nacwoverarcarrow (⤺̸) . 76
\nacwrightarcarrow (̸) . 77
\nacwsearcarrow (⤴̸) . . . 77
\nacwswarcarrow (⤷̸) . . . 77
\nacwunderarcarrow (⤻̸) . 77
\NAK (␕) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
NAND gates . . . . . . . . . . 123
 \NBSP ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \ndashednwarrow (̸) . . . 73
\NANDd () . . . . . . . . 123
\nBumpeq ()) . . . . . . . . . . 48 \ndashedrightarrow (⇢̸) . 73
\nBumpeq (≎̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53 \ndashedsearrow (̸) . . . 73
\nBumpeq (≎̸) . . . . . . . . . . 50 \ndashedswarrow (̸) . . . 73
\NANDl () . . . . . . . 123 \nBumpeq () . . . . . . . . . 56 \ndasheduparrow (⇡̸) . . . . 73
\nbumpeq (() . . . . . . . . . . 48 \ndashleftarrow (⇠̸) . . . 78
\nbumpeq (≏̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53 \ndashleftarrow (⇠̸) . . . 74
\NANDr () . . . . . . . 123 \nbumpeq (≏̸) . . . . . . . . . . 50 \ndashrightarrow (⇢̸) . . 78
\nbumpeq () . . . . . . . . . 56 \ndashrightarrow (⇢̸) . . 74
\NANDu () . .
\nbumpeqq (⪮̸) . . . . . . . . . 53 \nDashV (+) . . . . . . . . . . 49
. . . . . . 123
\ncirceq (≗̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53 \nDashV (⫥̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\napprox (ff) . . . . . . . . . 49
\ncirceq (≗̸) . . . . . . . . . . 50 \nDashv (+) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\napprox (≉) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\ncirclearrowleft (↺̸) . 77 \nDashv (⫤̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\napprox (≉) . . . . . . . . . . 50
\ncirclearrowleft (↺̸) . 74 \ndashV (/) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\napprox (≉) . . . . . . . . . 56
\ncirclearrowright (↻̸) 77 \ndashV (⫣̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\napproxeq (6) . . . . . . . . 48
\ncirclearrowright (↻̸) 74 \ndashv (’) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\napproxeq (≊̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\ncirmid (⫯̸) . . . . . . . . . 85 \ndashv (⊣̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\napproxeq (≊̸) . . . . . . . . 50
\nclosedequal (̸) . . . . . 50 \ndashv (⊣̸) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\napproxeqq () . . . . . . . 56
\nclosure (⁐̸) . . . . . . . 53, 86 \ndashVv (/) . . . . . . . . . 49
\napproxident (≋̸) . . . . . 53
\ncong (fl) . . . . . . . . . . . 49 \ndashVv (̸) . . . . . . . . . 53
\narceq (≘̸) . . . . . . . . 53, 86 \nDdashv (̸) . . . . . . . . . 53
\ncong () . . . . . . . . . . . 47
\nAssert (⊮) . . . . . . . . . 53
\nassert (⊦̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53 \ncong (™) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \nDdownarrow (⤋̸) . . . . . . 77
\nasymp (-) . . . . . . . . . . 48 \ncong (≇) . . . . . . . . . . . 53 \nddtstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\nasymp (≭) . . . . . . . . 53, 86 \ncong (≇) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \ndiagdown (̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nasymp (≭) . . . . . . . . . . . 85 \ncong (≇) . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \ndiagup (̸) . . . . . . . . . 51
\nasymp (≭) . . . . . . . . . . 56 \ncongdot () . . . . . . . . . 56 \ndivides (∤) . . . . . . . . . 51
\Natal (0) . . . . . . . . . . . 120 \ncurlyeqprec (ÿ) . . . . . 49 \nDoteq (≑̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
nath (package) . . . 93, 99, 226 \ncurlyeqprec (⋞̸) . . . . . 53 \nDoteq (≑̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 51
¼
\NATURAL ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\ncurlyeqprec (⋞̸) . . . . . 50 \ndoteq (≐̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
Î
\Natural ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\ncurlyeqsucc (ź) . . . . . 49
\ncurlyeqsucc (⋟̸) . . . . . 53
\ndoteq (≐̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 51
\ndoublefrown (̸) . . . . . 85
\natural (♮) . . . . . . . . . . 147 \ncurlyeqsucc (⋟̸) . . . . . 50 \ndoublefrowneq (̸) . . . . 85
\natural (ú) . . . . . . . . . . 147 \ncurvearrowdownup (̸) . 72 \ndoublesmile (̸) . . . . . 85
\natural (♮) . . . . . . . . . . 147 \ncurvearrowleft (⤺̸) . . 77 \ndoublesmileeq (̸) . . . . 85
\natural ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 151 \ncurvearrowleft (↶̸) . . 74 \nDownarrow (⇓̸) . . . . . . . 77
\natural (♮) . . . . . . . . . . 147 \ncurvearrowleftright (̸) 72 \nDownarrow (⇓̸) . . . . . . . 73
\natural (♮) . . . . . . . . . . 147 \ncurvearrownesw (̸) . . 72 \ndownarrow (↓̸) . . . . . . . 77
natural numbers (N) . . . . see \ncurvearrownwse (̸) . . 72 \ndownarrow (↓̸) . . . . . . . 73
alphabets, math \ncurvearrowright (̸) . 77 \ndownarrowtail (̸) . . . 77
\nbackapprox (̸) . . . . . . 50 \ncurvearrowright (↷̸) . . 74 \ndownarrowtail (̸) . . . . 73
\nbackapproxeq (̸) . . . . . 50 \ncurvearrowrightleft (̸) 72 \ndownAssert (⫧̸) . . . . . . 53
\nbackcong (≌̸) . . . . . . . . 53 \ncurvearrowsenw (̸) . . 72 \ndownassert (⫟̸) . . . . . . 53
\nbackcong (≌̸) . . . . . . . . 50 \ncurvearrowswne (̸) . . 72 \ndownbkarrow (⇣̸) . . . . . 77
\nbackeqsim (̸) . . . . . . . 50 \ncurvearrowupdown (̸) . 72 \ndownblackspoon (̸) . . . 85
\nbacksim (*) . . . . . . . . . 48 \ncwcirclearrowdown (⟳̸) 77 \ndowndownarrows (⇊̸) . . 77
\nbacksim (∽̸) . . . . . . . . . 53 \ncwcirclearrowleft (̸) 77 \ndowndownarrows (⇊̸) . . . 73
\nbacksim (∽̸) . . . . . . . . . 50 \ncwcirclearrowright (↻̸) 77 \ndownfilledspoon (̸) . . 84
\nbacksimeq (+) . . . . . . . 48 \ncwcirclearrowup (̸) . 77 \ndownfootline (̸) . . . . . 51
\nbacksimeq (⋍̸) . . . . . . . 53 \ncwgapcirclearrow (⟳̸) 77 \ndownfree (⫝̸) . . . . . . . . 51
\nbacksimeq (⋍̸) . . . . . . . 50 \ncwleftarcarrow (̸) . . . 77 \ndownharpoonccw (⇂̸) . . . 74
\nbacktriplesim (̸) . . . . 50 \ncwnearcarrow (⤵̸) . . . . 77 \ndownharpooncw (⇃̸) . . . . 74
\nBarv (⫧̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 53 \ncwnwarcarrow (̸) . . . . 77 \ndownharpoonleft (⇃̸) . . 79
\nbarV (⫪̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 53 \ncwopencirclearrow (↻̸) 77 \ndownharpoonright (⇂̸) . 79
\nbdleftarcarrow (̸) . . . 77 \ncwoverarcarrow (̸) . . 77 \ndownlcurvearrow (⤸̸) . . 78
\nbdnearcarrow (̸) . . . . 77 \ncwrightarcarrow (⤸̸) . . 77 \ndownleftcurvedarrow (̸) .
\nbdnwarcarrow (̸) . . . . 77 \ncwsearcarrow (⤶̸) . . . . 77 . . . . . . . . 78
\nbdoverarcarrow (̸) . . 77 \ncwswarcarrow (̸) . . . . 77 \ndownlsquigarrow (̸) . . 78
\nbdrightarcarrow (̸) . . 77 \ncwunderarcarrow (̸) . 77 \ndownlsquigarrow (̸) . . 73
\nbdsearcarrow (̸) . . . . 77 \ndasharrow (⇢̸) . . . . . . . 78 \nDownmapsto (̸) . . . . . . 77
\nbdswarcarrow (̸) . . . . 77 \ndasharrow (⇢̸) . . . . . . . 74 \ndownmapsto (↧̸) . . . . . . 77
\nbdunderarcarrow (̸) . 77 \ndasheddownarrow (⇣̸) . . 73 \ndownmapsto (↧̸) . . . . . . 73
\nblackwhitespoon (⊷̸) . 85 \ndashedleftarrow (⇠̸) . . 73 \ndownModels (̸) . . . . . . 51
\NBSP ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \ndashednearrow (̸) . . . 73 \ndownmodels (̸) . . . . . . 53

274
\ndownmodels (̸) . . . . . . 51 \nemapsto (,) . . . . . .. . 71 \neswharpoonsenw (V) . . 78
\ndownpitchfork (̸) . . . 86 \neModels (ô) . . . . . .. . 49 \neswharpoonsenw (V) . . 74
\ndownpitchfork (⫛̸) . . . 84 \nemodels (ä) . . . . . .. . 49 \Neswline (Ö) . . . . . . . . 49
\ndownrcurvearrow (⤹̸) . . 78 \nenearrows (|) . . . .. . 75 \neswline (Ò) . . . . . . . . 49
\ndownrightcurvedarrow (⤵̸) \nenearrows (”) . . . .. . 71 \Netherlands (œ) . . . . . . . 177
. . . . . . . . 78 \neovnwarrow (⤱) . . . .. . 81 neumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\ndownrsquigarrow (̸) . . 78 \neovsearrow (⤮) . . . .. . 81 \neuter (⚲) . . . . . . . . . . 124
\ndownrsquigarrow (̸) . . 73 \nepitchfork (Œ) . . . .. . 84 \Neutral ({) . . . . . . . . . . 124
\ndownspoon (⫰̸) . . . . . . . 85 \Neptune (H) . . . . . . .. . 120 \Neutrey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\ndownspoon (⫰̸) . . . . . . . 84 \Neptune (È) . . . . . . .. . 119 \neutrino (𝑁) . . . . . . . . . 125
\ndownuparrows (⇵̸) . . . . 77 \Neptune (G) . . . . . . .. . 120 \neutron (𝑔) . . . . . . . . . 125
\ndownuparrows (̸) . . . . 73 \neptune ([) . . . . . . . .. . 119 \neVdash (ì) . . . . . . . . . 49
\ndownupcurvearrow (̸) . 78 \neq (‰) . . . . . . . . . . .. . 49 \nevdash (Ü) . . . . . . . . . 49
\ndownupharpoons (⥯̸) . . 79 \neq (,) . . . . . . . . . . .. . 61 \newextarrow . . . . . . . . . 107
\ndownupharpoons (⥯̸) . . . 74 \neq (ä) . . . . . . . . . . .. . 54 \newmetrics . . . . . . . . . . 172
\ndownupharpoonsleftright \neq (≠) . . . . . . . . . . .. . 53 \newmoon (N) . . . . . . . . . 120
(⥯̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 \neq (≠) . . . . . . . . . . .. . 51 \newmoon ( ) . . . . . . . . . 119
\ndownupsquigarrow (̸) . 78 \neq (≠) . . . . . . . . . . .. . 56 \newtie (
a) . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\ndownVDash (̸) . . . . . . . 53 \neqbump (̸) . . . . . . . .. . 51 \nexists (E) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\ndownVdash (⍑̸) . . . . . . . 53 \neqcirc (≖̸) . . . . . . . .. . 53 \nexists (@) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\ndownVdash (⍑̸) . . . . . . . 51 \neqcirc (≖̸) . . . . . . . .. . 51 \nexists (â) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\ndownvDash (⫪̸) . . . . . . . 53 \neqdot (⩦̸) . . . . . . . .. . 53 \nexists (∄) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\ndownvdash (⊤̸) . . . . . . . 53 \neqdot (⩦̸) . . . . . . . . .. . 51 \nexists (∄) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\ndownvdash (⊤̸) . . . . . . . 51 \neqfrown (̸) . . . . . . .. . 85 \nexists (∄) . . . . . . . . . . 92
\ndownwavearrow (̸) . . . 77 \neqsim (≂̸) . . . . . . . .. . 53 \nfallingdotseq (≒̸) . . . . 53
\ndststile ( ) ....... 57 \neqsim (≂̸) . . . . . . . . .. . 51 \nfallingdotseq (≒̸) . . . . 51
\neqsim () . . . . . . . .. . 56 \nforksnot (⫝̸) . . . . . . . . 56
\ndtstile ( ) . . . . . . . . 57
\neqslantgtr (ź) . . . .. . 62 \nfrown (⌢̸) . . . . . . . . 53, 86
\ndttstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57 \neqslantgtr (⪖̸) . . . .. . 64 \nfrown (⌢̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 85
\ndualmap (⧟̸) . . . . . . . . 85 \neqslantgtr (⪖̸) . . . .. . 63 \nfrowneq (≘̸) . . . . . . . 53, 86
\NE () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \neqslantgtr () . . . .. . 65 \nfrowneq (̸) . . . . . . . . . 85
\ne . . . . . . . . . . . . . see \neq \neqslantless (ÿ) . . .. . 62 \nfrowneqsmile (̸) . . . . . 85
\ne (≠) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 \neqslantless (⪕̸) . . .. . 64 \nfrownsmile (⁐̸) . . . . 53, 86
\ne (≠) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 \neqslantless (⪕̸) . . .. . 63 \nfrownsmile (̸) . . . . . . 85
\ne (≠) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \neqslantless () . . .. . 65 \nfrownsmileeq (̸) . . . . . 85
\Nearrow (t) . . . . . . . . . 70 \neqsmile (̸) . . . . . . .. . 85 \NG () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Nearrow () . . . . . . . . . 79 \nequal (≠) . . . . . . . .. . 53 \NG (Ŋ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\Nearrow (⇗) . . . . . . . . . 75 \nequal (≠) . . . . . . . . .. . 51 \ng (ŋ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\Nearrow (⇗) . . . . . . . . . 71 \nequalclosed (̸) . . .. . 51 \nge (≱) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\Nearrow (⇗) . . . . . . . . . 81 \nequiv (.) . . . . . . . .. . 48 \ngeq (ğ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\nearrow (Õ) . . . . . . . . . 70 \nequiv (@) . . . . . . . .. . 54 \ngeq () . . . . . . . . . . 61, 62
\nearrow (↗) . . . . . . 69, 213 \nequiv (≢) . . . . . . . .. . 53 \ngeq (ƒ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\nearrow (↗) . . . . . . . . . 75 \nequiv (≢) . . . . . . . . .. . 51 \ngeq (≱) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\nearrow (↗) . . . . . . . . . 71 \nequiv (≢) . . . . . . . .. . 56 \ngeq (≱) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\nearrow (↗) . . . . . . . . . 81 \nequivclosed (̸) . . .. . 51 \ngeq (≱) . . . . . . . . . . 65, 66
\nearrowcorner () . . . . 79 \nercurvearrow (⤴) . .. . 76 \ngeqclosed (⋭) . . . . . 64, 68
\nearrowtail ($) . . . . . . 75 \nersquigarrow (¬) . .. . 71 \ngeqclosed (⋭) . . . . . 63, 67
\nearrowtail ($) . . . . . . 71 \nespoon (l) . . . . . . .. . 84 \ngeqdot (̸) . . . . . . . . . . 64
\nebkarrow (d) . . . . . . . 75 \Neswarrow () . . . . .. . 75 \ngeqdot (̸) . . . . . . . . . . 63
\nefilledspoon (t) . . . . 84 \Neswarrow () . . . . .. . 71 \ngeqq (ś) . . . . . . . . . . . 62
\nefootline (|) . . . . . . . 49 \neswarrow (↗↘) . . . . .. . 213
\ngeqq () . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\nefree („) . . . . . . . . . . 49 \neswarrow (⤡) . . . . .. . 75
\neg (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 \neswarrow (⤡) . . . . .. . 71 \ngeqq (‘) . . . . . . . . . . . 65
\neg (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 \neswarrow (⤢) . . . . .. . 81 \ngeqq (≧̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\neg (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 \neswarrows (‚) . . . .. . 75 \ngeqq (≧̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 63
\neg (¬) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 \neswarrows (š) . . . .. . 71 \ngeqq () . . . . . . . . . . . 65
negation . . see \neg and \sim \neswbipropto (‰) . . .. . 30 \ngeqslant () . . . . . . . 61
\neharpoonccw (D) . . . . . 74 \neswcrossing (‘) . . .. . 51 \ngeqslant (‹) . . . . . . . . 65
\neharpooncw (L) . . . . . . 74 \neswcurvearrow (¨) .. . 76 \ngeqslant (⩾̸) . . . . . . . . 64
\neharpoonnw (D) . . . . . . 78 \neswharpoonnwse (R) . . 78 \ngeqslant (≱) . . . . . . . . 63
\neharpoonse (L) . . . . . . 78 \neswharpoonnwse (R) . . 74 \ngeqslant () . . . . . . . . 65
\nelcurvearrow (˜) . . . . 76 \neswharpoons (Z) . . .. . 78 \ngeqslantdot (⪀̸) . . . . . 64
\nelsquigarrow (¤) . . . . 71 \neswharpoons (Z) . . .. . 74 \ngeqslantdot (⪀̸) . . . . . 63

275
\ngeqslcc (⪩̸) . . . . . . . .. 64 \nHuparrow () . . . . . . . . 80 \nLeftarrow (⇍) . . . . . . 73
\ngescc (⪩̸) . . . . . . . . .. 64 \nHuparrow (⇞) . . . . . . . . 83 \nLeftarrow (⇍) . . . . . . . 83
\ngesdot (⪀̸) . . . . . . . . .. 65 \nhVvert (⫵) . . . . . . . . . 32 \nleftarrow (Ú) . . . . . . 70
\ngesl (⋛̸) . . . . . . . . . .. 65 \ni (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . 91, 211 \nleftarrow (8) . . . . . . 69
\ngets (↚) . . . . . . . . . .. 78 \ni (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \nleftarrow (¨) . . . . . . . 80
\ngets (↚) . . . . . . . . . .. 74 \ni (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \nleftarrow (↚) . . . . . . . 76
\ngets (↚) . . . . . . . . . .. 83 \ni (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \nleftarrow (↚) . . . . . . . 73
\ngg (4) . . . . . . . . . . .. 62 \ni (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55, 56 \nleftarrow (↚) . . . . . . . 83
\ngg (≫̸) . . . . . . . . . . .. 64 \nialpha () . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftarrowtail (↢̸) . . . 76
\ngg (≫̸) . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 \nibar . . . . . . see \ownsbar \nleftarrowtail (↢̸) . . . 73
\ngg () . . . . . . . . . . .. 65 \nibeta ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftAssert (⫣̸) . . . . . . 53
\nggg (⋙̸) . . . . . . . . . .. 64 
\NibLeft ( ) . . . . . . . . . 128 \nleftassert (⫞̸) . . . . . . 53
\nggg (⋙̸) . . . .
\ngtcc (⪧̸) . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
63
64

\NibRight ( ) . . . . . . . . 128
\nleftbkarrow (⇠̸) . . . . . 76
\nleftblackspoon (̸) . . 85
nibs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
\ngtr (č) . . . . . . . . . . .. 62 \nleftcurvedarrow (↜̸) . 78
\NibSolidLeft ( ) . . . . . 128

\ngtr (≯) . . . . . . . . . . .. 61 \nleftdowncurvedarrow (⤶̸) .
\ngtr (…) . . . . . . . . . . .. 65 \NibSolidRight ( ) . . . . 128 . . . . . . . . 77
\ngtr (≯) . . . . . . . . . . .. 64 nicefrac (package) 114, 226, 227 \nleftfilledspoon (̸) . 84
\ngtr (≯) . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 niceframe (package) . 191–194, \nleftfootline (̸) . . . . 53
\ngtr (≯) . . . . . . . . . . .. 65 197 \nleftfootline (̸) . . . . 50
\ngtrapprox (É) . . . . . .. 62 \NiceReapey ( ) . . . . . . 179 \nleftfree (̸) . . . . . . . . 50
\ngtrapprox (#) . . . . . .. 62 \nichi ([) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftharpoonccw (↽̸) . . 74
\ngtrapprox (⪆̸) . . . . . .. 64 \niepsilon () . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftharpooncw (↼̸) . . . 74
\ngtrcc (⪧̸) . . . . . . . . .. 64 \nigamma () . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftharpoondown (↽̸) . 79
\ngtrclosed (⋫) . . . . . 64, 68 \niiota ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftharpoonup (↼̸) . . . 79
\ngtrclosed (⋫) . . . . . 63, 67 \nilambda (2) . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftlcurvearrow (̸) . 77
\ngtrdot (⋗̸) . . . . . . . . .. 64 \nimageof (⊷̸) . . . . . . . . 85 \nleftleftarrows (⇇̸) . . 76
\ngtrdot (⋗̸) . . . . . . . . .. 63 \nin (∉) . . . . . . . . . . . 53, 92 \nleftleftarrows (⇇̸) . . 73
\ngtreqless (⋛̸) . . . . . .. 64 \nin (∉) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 \nleftlsquigarrow (↜̸) . 77
\ngtreqless (⋛̸) . . . . . . . 63 \Ninja ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \nleftlsquigarrow (̸) . . 73
\ngtreqlessslant (⋛̸) . . . 64 \niobar (⋾) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \nLeftmapsto (⤆̸) . . . . . 76
\niomega (>) . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftmapsto (↤̸) . . . . . . 76
\ngtreqlessslant (̸) . . . 63
\niphi (C) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftmapsto (↤̸) . . . . . . 73
\ngtreqqless (⪌̸) . . . . . . 64
\niplus (B) . . . . . . . . . . 47 \nleftModels (̸) . . . . . . 50
\ngtreqqless (⪌̸) . . . . . . 63 \niplus (·) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \nleftmodels (̸) . . . . . . 53
\ngtreqslantless (⋛̸) . . . 64 \nis (⋼) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \nleftmodels (̸) . . . . . . 50
\ngtrless (&) . . . . . . . . . 62 \nisd (=) . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \nleftpitchfork (̸) . . . 86
\ngtrless (≹) . . . . . . . . . 64 \nisd (⋺) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \nleftpitchfork (̸) . . . 84
\ngtrless (≹) . . . . . . . . . 63 \nisigma (O) . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nleftrcurvearrow (⤺̸) . 77
\ngtrless (≹) . . . . . . . . . 65 \nitheta (S) . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nLeftrightarroW (°) . . 80
\ngtrsim (Ã) . . . . . . . . . 62 \niupsilon (V) . . . . . . . . 18 \nLeftrightarrow (ø) . . 70
\ngtrsim (!) . . . . . . . . . . 62 \niv ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 \nLeftrightarrow (<) . . 69
\ngtrsim (≵) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nj (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \nLeftrightarrow (­) . . 80
\ngtrsim (≵) . . . . . . . . . 65 nkarta (package) . . . 186, 226 \nLeftrightarrow (⇎) . . 77
\nhateq (≙̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53 \nlcirclearrowdown (̸) 73 \nLeftrightarrow (⇎) . . 73
\nhateq (≙̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 51 \nlcirclearrowleft (⤾̸) 73 \nLeftrightarrow (⇎) . . 83
\nHdownarrow () . . . . . . 80 \nlcirclearrowright (⟳̸) 73 \nleftrightarrow (Ü) . . 70
\nHdownarrow (⇟) . . . . . . 83 \nlcirclearrowup (↻̸) . . 73 \nleftrightarrow (=) 27, 69
\nhknearrow (⤤̸) . . . . . . 78 \nlcurvearrowdown (⤸̸) . . 73 \nleftrightarrow (ª) . . 80
\nhknwarrow (⤣̸) . . . . . . 78 \nlcurvearrowleft (̸) . . 73 \nleftrightarrow (↮) . . 76
\nhksearrow (⤥̸) . . . . . . 78 \nlcurvearrowne (̸) . . . 73 \nleftrightarrow (↮) . . 73
\nhkswarrow (⤦̸) . . . . . . 78 \nlcurvearrownw (̸) . . . 73 \nleftrightarrow (↮) . . 83
\nhookdownarrow (̸) . . . 77 \nlcurvearrowright (↷̸) . 73 \nleftrightarrows (⇆̸) . 77
\nhookleftarrow (↩̸) . . . 77 \nlcurvearrowse (̸) . . . 73 \nleftrightarrows (⇆̸) . . 73
\nhookleftarrow (↩̸) . . . 74 \nlcurvearrowsw (̸) . . . 73 \nleftrightblackspoon (̸) .
\nhooknearrow (⤤̸) . . . . . 77 \nlcurvearrowup (̸) . . . . 73 . . . . . . . . 85
\nhooknwarrow (⤣̸) . . . . . 77 \nle (≰) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \nleftrightcurvearrow (̸) .
\nhookrightarrow (↪̸) . . 77 \nleadsto (↝̸) . . . . . . . . 78 . . . . . . . . 77
\nhookrightarrow (↪̸) . . 74 \nleadsto (↝̸) . . . . . . . . 74 \nleftrightharpoondownup
\nhooksearrow (⤥̸) . . . . . 77 \nLeftarrow (ö) . . . . . . 70 (⥊̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\nhookswarrow (⤦̸) . . . . . 77 \nLeftarrow (:) . . . . . . 69 \nleftrightharpoondownup
\nhookuparrow (̸) . . . . . 77 \nLeftarrow («) . . . . . . . 80 (⥊̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
\nhpar (⫲) . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \nLeftarrow (⇍) . . . . . . 76 \nleftrightharpoons (⇋̸) 79

276
\nleftrightharpoons (⇋̸) 74 \nlesscc (⪦̸) . . . . . . . .. 64 \nmapsdown (↧̸) . . . . . . . . 78
\nleftrightharpoonupdown \nlessclosed (⋪) . . . . 64, 68 \nMapsfrom (⤆̸) . . . . . . . 78
(⥋̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 \nlessclosed (⋪) . . . . 63, 67 \nmapsfrom (↤̸) . . . . . . . 78
\nleftrightharpoonupdown \nlessdot (⋖̸) . . . . . . . .. 64 \nMapsto (⤇̸) . . . . . . . . . 78
(⥋̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 \nlessdot (⋖̸) . . . . . . . .. 63 \nmapsto (↦̸) . . . . . . . . . 78
\nLeftrightline (̸) . . . 50 \nlesseqgtr (⋚̸) . . . . . .. 64 \nmapsto (↦̸) . . . . . . . . . 74
\nleftrightline (̸) . . . 50 \nlesseqgtr (⋚̸) . . . . . . . 63 \nMapsup (̸) . . . . . . . . . 78
\nleftrightspoon (⧟̸) . . 85 \nmapsup (↥̸) . . . . . . . . . 78
\nleftrightsquigarrow (↭̸) . \nlesseqgtrslant (⋚̸) . . . 64 \nmid (-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
. . . . . . . . 77 \nlesseqgtrslant (̸) . . . 63 \nmid (­) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\nleftrightsquigarrow (̸) . \nlesseqqgtr (⪋̸) . . . . . . 64 \nmid (∤) . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
. . . . . . . . 74 \nmid (∤) . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nlesseqqgtr (⪋̸) . . . . . . 63
\nleftrightwavearrow (↭̸) 77 \nmid (∤) . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nleftrsquigarrow (↜̸) . 77 \nlesseqslantgtr (⋚̸) . . . 64 \nmidcir (⫰̸) . . . . . . . . . 85
\nleftrsquigarrow (↜̸) . . 73 \nlessgtr (') . . . . . . . . . 62 \nmodels (⊧̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nleftspoon (⟜̸) . . . . . . . 85 \nlessgtr (≸) . . . . . . . . . 64 \nmodels (⊭) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nleftspoon (⟜̸) . . . . . . 84 \nlessgtr (≸) . . . . . . . . . 63 \nmultimap (⊸̸) . . . . . . . 85
\nleftsquigarrow (↜̸) . . 77 \nlessgtr (≸) . . . . . . . . . 66 \nmultimap (⊸̸) . . . . . . . 84
\nleftupcurvedarrow (̸) 78 \nlesssim (Â) . . . . . . . . 62 \nmultimapinv (⟜̸) . . . . . 85
\nleftVDash (⫥̸) . . . . . . 53 \nlesssim ( ) . . . . . . . . . 62 \NN (
&) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\nleftVdash (⫣̸) . . . . . . 53 \nlesssim (≴) . . . . . . . . . 64 \nndtstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\nleftVdash (̸) . . . . . . . 50 \nlesssim (≴) . . . . . . . . . 66 \nNearrow (⇗̸) . . . . . . . . 77
\nleftvDash (⫤̸) . . . . . . . 53 \nlhookdownarrow (̸) . . . 73 \nNearrow (⇗̸) . . . . . . . . 72
\nleftvdash (⊣̸) . . . . . . . 53 \nlhookleftarrow (̸) . . 73 \nnearrow (1) . . . . . . . . . 70
\nleftvdash (⊣̸) . . . . . . . 50 \nlhooknearrow (̸) . . . . 73 \nnearrow (ì) . . . . . . . . . 79
\nleftwavearrow (↜̸) . . . 77 \nlhooknwarrow (⤣̸) . . . . 72 \nnearrow (↗̸) . . . . . . . . 77
\nleq (ę) . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 \nlhookrightarrow (↪̸) . . 72 \nnearrow (↗̸) . . . . . . . . 72
\nleq () . . . . . . . . . . 61, 62 \nlhooksearrow (⤥̸) . . . . 72 \nnearrowtail (̸) . . . . . 77
\nleq (‚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \nlhookswarrow (̸) . . . . 72 \nnearrowtail (̸) . . . . . 73
\nleq (≰) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nlhookuparrow (̸) . . . . . 72 \nnebkarrow (̸) . . . . . . 77
\nleq (≰) . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 \nll (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 \nnefilledspoon (̸) . . . 84
\nleq (≰) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \nll (≪̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nnefootline (̸) . . . . . . 50
\nleqclosed (⋬) . . . . . 64, 68 \nll (≪̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 \nnefree (̸) . . . . . . . . . 50
\nleqclosed (⋬) . . . . . 63, 67 \nll () . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \nneharpoonccw (̸) . . . . 74
\nleqdot (̸) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nLleftarrow (⇚̸) . . . . . 77 \nneharpooncw (̸) . . . . . 74
\nleqdot (̸) . . . . . . . . . . 63 \nLleftarrow (⇚̸) . . . . . . 72 \nneharpoonnw (̸) . . . . . 79
\nleqq (ř) . . . . . . . . . . . 62 \nlll (⋘̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nneharpoonse (̸) . . . . . 79
\nlll (⋘̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 63 \nnelcurvearrow (̸) . . . 78
\nleqq () . . . . . . . . . . . 61
\nlongdashv (⟞̸) . . . . . 53 \nnelsquigarrow (̸) . . . 73
\nleqq () . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \nlongleadsto (⟿̸) . . . . 78 \nnemapsto (̸) . . . . . . . 73
\nleqq (≦̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nLongleftarrow (⟸̸) . . 77 \nneModels (̸) . . . . . . . 50
\nleqq (≦̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 63 \nlongleftarrow (⟵̸) . . 77 \nnemodels (̸) . . . . . . . 50
\nleqq () . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \nlongleftfootline (⟝̸) 53 \nnenearrows (̸) . . . . . 77
\nleqslant (
) . . . . . . . 61 \nLongleftrightarrow (⟺̸) . \nnenearrows (̸) . . . . . 73
\nleqslant (Š) . . . . . . . . 65 . . . . . . . . 77 \nnepitchfork (̸) . . . . . 84
\nleqslant (⩽̸) . . . . . . . . 64 \nlongleftrightarrow (⟷̸) . \nnercurvearrow (⤴̸) . . . 78
\nleqslant (≰) . . . . . . . . 63 . . . . . . . . 77 \nnersquigarrow (̸) . . . 73
\nleqslant () . . . . . . . . 66 \nlongleftsquigarrow (⬳̸) . \nnespoon (̸) . . . . . . . . 84
\nleqslantdot (⩿̸) . . . . . 64 . . . . . . . . 78 \nNeswarrow (̸) . . . . . . 77
\nleqslantdot (⩿̸) . . . . . 63 \nlongleftwavearrow (⬳̸) 77 \nNeswarrow (̸) . . . . . . 73
\nleqslcc (⪨̸) . . . . . . . . . 64 \nLongmapsfrom (⟽̸) . 53, 77 \nneswarrow (⤡̸) . . . . . . 77
\nlescc (⪨̸) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nlongmapsfrom (⟻̸) . 53, 77 \nneswarrow (⤡̸) . . . . . . 73
\nlesdot (⩿̸) . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nLongmapsto (⟾̸) . . . . 77 \nneswarrows (̸) . . . . . 77
\nlesg (⋚̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nlongmapsto (⟼̸) . . . . 77 \nneswarrows (̸) . . . . . 73
\nless (ć) . . . . . . . . . . . 62 \nLongrightarrow (⟹̸) . 77 \nneswcurvearrow (̸) . . 78
\nless (≮) . . . . . . . . . . . 61 \nlongrightarrow (⟶̸) . 77 \nneswharpoonnwse (̸) . 79
\nless („) . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \nlongrightfootline (⟞̸) 53 \nneswharpoonnwse (̸) . 74
\nless (≮) . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nlongrightsquigarrow (⟿̸) \nneswharpoons (̸) . . . 79
\nless (≮) . . . . . . . . . . . 63 . . . . . . . . 78 \nneswharpoons (̸) . . . . 74
\nless (≮) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 \nlongrightwavearrow (⟿̸) . \nneswharpoonsenw (̸) . 79
\nlessapprox (È) . . . . . . 62 . . . . . . . . 77 \nneswharpoonsenw (̸) . 74
\nlessapprox (") . . . . . . 62 \nltcc (⪦̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 64 \nNeswline (̸) . . . . . . . 50
\nlessapprox (⪅̸) . . . . . . 64 \nMapsdown (̸) . . . . . . . . 78 \nneswline (̸) . . . . . . . 50

277
\nneVdash (̸) . . . .
\nnevdash (̸) . . . .
\nni (∌) . . . . . . . . .
\nni (∋) . . . . . . . . .
\nni (∌) . . . . . . . . .
\nnststile ( ) .......
\nntstile ( ) . . . . . . . .
\nnttstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\nNwarrow (⇖̸) . . . . . . . . 77
) . . . . . . . . 123
\nNwarrow (⇖̸) . . . . . . . . 73
\nnwarrow (0) . . . . . . . . . 70
\nnwarrow (î) . . . . . . . . . 79
\nnwarrow (↖̸) . . . . . . . . 77
\nnwarrow (↖̸) . . . . . . . . 73
\nnwarrowtail (̸) . . . . . 77
\nnwarrowtail (̸) . . . . . 73
\nnwbkarrow (̸) . . . . . . 77
\nnwfilledspoon (̸) . . . 84
\nnwfootline (̸) . . . . . . 51
\nnwfree (̸) . . . . . . . . . 51
\nnwharpoonccw (̸) . . . . 74
\nnwharpooncw (̸) . . . . . 74
\nnwharpoonne (̸) . . . . . 79
\nnwharpoonsw (̸) . . . . . 79
\nnwlcurvearrow (̸) . . . 78
\nnwlsquigarrow (̸) . . . 73
\nnwmapsto (̸) . . . . . . . 73
\nnwModels (̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nnwmodels (̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nnwnwarrows (̸) . . . . . 77
\nnwnwarrows (̸) . . . . . 73
\nnwpitchfork (̸) . . . . . 84
\nnwrcurvearrow (̸) . . . 78
\nnwrsquigarrow (̸) . . . 73
\nNwsearrow (̸) . . . . . . 77
\nNwsearrow (̸) . . . . . . 73
\nnwsearrow (⤢̸) . . . . . . 77
\nnwsearrow (⤢̸) . . . . . . 73
\nnwsearrows (̸) . . . . . 77
\nnwsearrows (̸) . . . . . 73
\nnwsecurvearrow (̸) . . 78
\nnwseharpoonnesw (̸) . 79
\nnwseharpoonnesw (̸) . 74
\nnwseharpoons (̸) . . . 79
\nnwseharpoons (̸) . . . . 74
\nnwseharpoonswne (̸) . 79
\nnwseharpoonswne (̸) . 74
\nNwseline (̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nnwseline (̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nnwspoon (̸) . . . . . . . . 84
\nnwVdash (̸) . . . . . . . . 51
\nnwvdash (̸) . . . . . . . . 51
no entry . . . . . . . see \noway
\NoBleech (Ì) . . . . . . . . 165
\NoChemicalCleaning (¨) 165
nointegrals (wasysym package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\NoIroning (²) . . . . . . . 165
non-commutative division 107
nonbreaking space . . . . . . 122
NOR gates . . . . . . . . . . . 123
. . . . 50
\NORd () . . . . . . . . . 123
. . . . 50
. . . . 53
\norigof (⊶̸) . . . . . . . . . 85
. . . . 92
. . . . 56
57 \NORl () . . . . . . . . 123
norm see \lVert and \rVert
57
\NORr (
\nprecapprox (È) . . . . . . 49
\NorthNode (k) . . . . . . . 120
\NORu () . . . . . . . . . 123
\Norway () . . . . . . . . . . 177

\NoSun ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\Not (⫬) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
not . . . . . . . . . . . . . see \neg
\not . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 211
not equal (­= vs. ­=) . . . . . 49
\notasymp (ffi) . . . . . . . . 49
\notbackslash (−) ∖ . . . . . 121
\notbot (M) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\notbot (Ý) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\notchar (̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\NotCongruent (^) . . . . . 110
\notdivides (ffl) . . . . . . . 49
\notequiv (ı) . . . . . . . . 49
\notin (R) . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\notin (<) . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\notin (∉) . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\notin (∉) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\notin (6∈) . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\notin (∉) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\notin (∉) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\notni (=) . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\notowner (S) . . . . . . . . . 91
\notowns see \notowner and
\notni
\notperp (M) . . . . . . . . . 49
\notslash (−) / . . . . . . . . 121
\notsmallin () . . . . . . . 92
\notsmallowns () . . . . . . 92
\nottop (L) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\nottop (Ü) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\NoTumbler () . . . . . . . . 165
\novelty (N) . . . . . . . . . 169
\noway (A) . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\nowns (∌) . . . . . . . . . 53, 92
\nowns (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\nowns (∌) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\nparallel (∦) . . . . . . . . 47
\nparallel (¬) . . . . . . . . 54
\nparallel (∦) . . . . . . . . 53
\nparallel (∦) . . . . . . . . 51
\nparallel (∦) . . . . . . . . 56
\nparallelslant (Ô) . . . 58
\nperp (⊥̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nperp (⊥̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 51
\npitchfork (⋔̸) . . . . . . 86
\npitchfork (⋔̸) . . . . . . . 84
\nplus (`) . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\nplus (¾) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
278
\npolint (⨔) . . . . . . . . . . 44
\npolintsl (⨔) . . . . . . . . 45
\npolintup (⨔) . . . . . . . . 45
\nprec (ć) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nprec (⊀) . . . . . . . . . . . 47
\nprec (†) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\nprec (⊀) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nprec (⊀) . . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nprec (⊀) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nprecapprox (7) . . . . . . 48
\nprecapprox (⪷̸) . . . . . . 53
\nprecapprox (⪷̸) . . . . . . 51
\npreccurlyeq (ę) . . . . . 49
\npreccurlyeq ($) . . . . . 48
\npreccurlyeq (⋠) . . . . . 53
\npreccurlyeq (⋠) . . . . . 51
\npreccurlyeq (⋠) . . . . . 56
\npreceq (ł) . . . . . . . . . 49
\npreceq () . . . . . . . . . 47
\npreceq (Ž) . . . . . . . . . 54
\npreceq (⪯̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\npreceq (⪯̸) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\npreceq () . . . . . . . . . 56
\npreceqq (9) . . . . . . . . . 48
\npreceqq (⪳̸) . . . . . . . . . 53
\nprecsim (Â) . . . . . . . . 49
\nprecsim () . . . . . . . . . 48
\nprecsim (≾̸) . . . . . . . . . 53
\nprecsim (≾̸) . . . . . . . . . 51
\NR (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\nrcirclearrowdown (̸) 73
\nrcirclearrowleft (⟲̸) 73
\nrcirclearrowright (⤿̸) 73
\nrcirclearrowup (↺̸) . . 73
\nrcurvearrowdown (⤹̸) . . 73
\nrcurvearrowleft (↶̸) . . 73
\nrcurvearrowne (̸) . . . 73
\nrcurvearrownw (̸) . . . 73
\nrcurvearrowright (̸) . 73
\nrcurvearrowse (̸) . . . 73
\nrcurvearrowsw (̸) . . . 73
\nrcurvearrowup (̸) . . . . 73
\nRelbar (̸) . . . . . . . . . 51
\nrelbar (̸) . . . . . . . . . 51
\nrestriction (↾̸) . . . . . 79
\nrestriction (↾̸) . . . . . 74
\nrhookdownarrow (̸) . . . 73
\nrhookleftarrow (↩̸) . . 73
\nrhooknearrow (⤤̸) . . . . 73
\nrhooknwarrow (̸) . . . . 73
\nrhookrightarrow (̸) . . 73
\nrhooksearrow (̸) . . . . 73
\nrhookswarrow (⤦̸) . . . . 73
\nrhookuparrow (̸) . . . . . 73
\nRightarrow (œ) . . . . . . 70
\nRightarrow (;) . . . . . 69
\nRightarrow (¬) . . . . . . 80
\nRightarrow (⇏) . . . . . 77
\nRightarrow (⇏) . . . . . . 73
\nRightarrow (⇏) . . . . . . 83
\nrightarrow (Û) . . . . . . 70
\nrightarrow (9) . . . . . 69
\nrightarrow (©) . . . . . . 80 \nSearrow (⇘̸) . . . . . . .. 72 \nsmilefrown (≭) . . . . 53, 86
\nrightarrow (↛) . . . . . . 77 \nsearrow (↘̸) . . . . . . .. 76 \nsmilefrown (≭) . . . . . . 85
\nrightarrow (↛) . . . . . . 73 \nsearrow (↘̸) . . . . . . .. 72 \nsmilefrowneq (̸) . . . . . 85
\nrightarrow (↛) . . . . . . 83 \nsearrowtail (̸) . . . .. 76 \nsqdoublefrown (̸) . . . . 85
\nrightarrowtail (↣̸) . . 77 \nsearrowtail (̸) . . . .. 73 \nsqdoublefrowneq (̸) . . 85
\nrightarrowtail (↣̸) . . 73 \nsebkarrow (̸) . . . . .. 76 \nsqdoublesmile (̸) . . . . 85
\nrightAssert (⊮) . . . . . 53 \nsefilledspoon (̸) . .. 84 \nsqdoublesmileeq (̸) . . 85
\nrightassert (⊦̸) . . . . . 53 \nsefootline (̸) . . . . .. 50 \nsqeqfrown (̸) . . . . . . . 85
\nrightbkarrow (⇢̸) . . . . 77 \nsefree (̸) . . . . . . . .. 50 \nsqeqsmile (̸) . . . . . . . 85
\nrightblackspoon (̸) . 85 \nseharpoonccw (̸) . . .. 74 \nsqfrown (̸) . . . . . . . . . 85
\nrightcurvedarrow (↝̸) . 77 \nseharpooncw (̸) . . . .. 74 \nsqfrowneq (̸) . . . . . . . 85
\nrightdowncurvedarrow (⤷̸) \nseharpoonne (̸) . . . .. 79 \nsqfrowneqsmile (̸) . . . 85
. . . . . . . . 77 \nseharpoonsw (̸) . . . .. 79 \nsqfrownsmile (̸) . . . . . 85
\nrightfilledspoon (̸) 84 \nselcurvearrow (⤵̸) . .. 78 \nsqsmile (̸) . . . . . . . . . 85
\nrightfootline (̸) . . . 53 \nselsquigarrow (̸) . .. 73 \nsqsmileeq (̸) . . . . . . . 85
\nrightfootline (̸) . . . 51 \nsemapsto (̸) . . . . . .. 73 \nsqsmileeqfrown (̸) . . . 85
\nrightfree (̸) . . . . . . . 51 \nseModels (̸) . . . . . .. 50 \nsqsmilefrown (̸) . . . . . 85
\nrightharpoonccw (⇀̸) . . 74 \nsemodels (̸) . . . . . .. 50 \nSqsubset (̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightharpooncw (⇁̸) . . 74 \nsenwarrows (̸) . . . .. 76 \nSqsubset (̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightharpoondown (⇁̸) . 79 \nsenwarrows (̸) . . . .. 73 \nsqSubset (Ű) . . . . . . . . 59
\nrightharpoonup (⇀̸) . . 79 \nsenwcurvearrow (̸) .. 78 \nsqsubset (Ć) . . . . . . . . 59
\nrightlcurvearrow (̸) . 77 \nsenwharpoons (̸) . .. 79 \nsqsubset (a) . . . . . . . . 59
\nrightleftarrows (⇄̸) . 77 \nsenwharpoons (̸) . . .. 74 \nsqsubset (⊏̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightleftarrows (⇄̸) . . 72 \nsepitchfork (̸) . . . .. 84 \nsqsubset (⊏̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightleftcurvearrow (̸) . \nsercurvearrow (⤷̸) . .. 78 \nsqsubset () . . . . . . . . 61
. . . . . . . . 77 \nsersquigarrow (̸) . .. 73 \nsqsubseteq (Ę) . . . . . . 59
\nrightleftharpoons (⇌̸) 79 \nsesearrows (̸) . . . .. 76 \nsqsubseteq (@) . . . . . . 59
\nrightleftharpoons (⇌̸) 74 \nsesearrows (̸) . . . .. 73 \nsqsubseteq (⋢) . . . . . . 60
\nrightleftsquigarrow (↭̸) . \nsespoon (̸) . . . . . . .. 84 \nsqsubseteq (⋢) . . . . . . 60
. . . . . . . . 77 \nseVdash (̸) . . . . . . .. 50 \nsqsubseteq (⋢) . . . . . . 61
\nrightlsquigarrow (↝̸) . 77 \nsevdash (̸) . . . . . . .. 50 \nsqsubseteqq (Ő) . . . . . 59
\nrightlsquigarrow (↝̸) . 72 \nshortdowntack (⫟̸) . .. 53 \nsqsubseteqq (̸) . . . . . 60
\nRightmapsto (⤇̸) . . . . . 77 \nshortlefttack (⫞̸) . . .. 53 \nsqsubseteqq (̸) . . . . . 60
\nrightmapsto (↦̸) . . . . . 77 \nshortmid (.) . . . . . . .. 47 \nSqsupset (̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightmapsto (↦̸) . . . . . 72 \nshortmid (®) . . . . . . .. 54 \nSqsupset (̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightModels (⊯) . . . . . 51 \nshortmid (∤) . . . . . . .. 53 \nsqSupset (Ů) . . . . . . . . 59
\nrightmodels (⊧̸) . . . . . 53 \nshortmid (∤) . . . . . . .. 50 \nsqsupset (Č) . . . . . . . . 59
\nrightmodels (⊭) . . . . . 51 \nshortmid (∤) . . . . . . .. 56 \nsqsupset (b) . . . . . . . . 59
\nrightpitchfork (̸) . . 86 \nshortparallel (/) . . .. 47 \nsqsupset (⊐̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightpitchfork (̸) . . 84 \nshortparallel (¯) . . .. 54 \nsqsupset (⊐̸) . . . . . . . . 60
\nrightrcurvearrow (⤻̸) . 77 \nshortparallel (∦) . .. 53 \nsqsupset () . . . . . . . . 61
\nrightrightarrows (⇉̸) . 77 \nshortparallel (∦) . . .. 50 \nsqsupseteq (Ğ) . . . . . . 59
\nrightrightarrows (⇉̸) . 72 \nshortparallel (∦) . . .. 56 \nsqsupseteq (A) . . . . . . 59
\nrightrsquigarrow (↝̸) . 77 \nshortrighttack (⊦̸) . .. 53 \nsqsupseteq (⋣) . . . . . . 60
\nrightrsquigarrow (̸) . 72 \nshortuptack (⫠̸) . . . .. 53 \nsqsupseteq (⋣) . . . . . . 60
\nrightspoon (⊸̸) . . . . . . 85 \nsim () . . . . . . . . . . .. 49 \nsqsupseteq (⋣) . . . . . . 61
\nrightspoon (⊸̸) . . . . . . 84 \nsim (/) . . . . . . . . . . .. 47 \nsqsupseteqq (Ŕ) . . . . . 59
\nrightsquigarrow (↝̸) . 78 \nsim (˜) . . . . . . . . . . .. 54 \nsqsupseteqq (̸) . . . . . 60
\nrightsquigarrow (↝̸) . . 74 \nsim (≁) . . . . . . . . . . .. 53 \nsqsupseteqq (̸) . . . . . 60
\nrightupcurvedarrow (̸) 78 \nsim (≁) . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 \nsqtriplefrown (̸) . . . . 85
\nrightVDash (⊯) . . . . . 53 \nsim (≁) . . . . . . . . . . .. 56 \nsqtriplesmile (̸) . . . . 85
\nrightVdash (⊮) . . . . . 53 \nsime (≄) . . . . . . . . . .. 53 \nsquigarrowdownup (̸) 73
\nrightVdash (⊮) . . . . . . 51 \nsime (≄) . . . . . . . . . .. 56 \nsquigarrowleftright (̸) .
\nrightvDash (⊭) . . . . . . 53 \nsimeq (fi) . . . . . . . . .. 49 . . . . . . . . 73
\nrightvdash (⊬) . . . . . . 53 \nsimeq (;) . . . . . . . . .. 48 \nsquigarrownesw (̸) . . 73
\nrightvdash (⊬) . . . . . . 51 \nsimeq (≄) . . . . . . . . .. 53 \nsquigarrownwse (̸) . . . 73
\nrightwavearrow (↝̸) . . 77 \nsimeq (≄) . . . . . . . . . .. 50 \nsquigarrowrightleft (̸) .
\nrisingdotseq (≓̸) . . . . 53 \nsimeq (≄) . . . . . . . . .. 56 . . . . . . . . 73
\nrisingdotseq (≓̸) . . . . . 50 \nsmile (⌣̸) . . . . . . . . 53, 86 \nsquigarrowsenw (̸) . . 73
\nRrightarrow (⇛̸) . . . . . 76 \nsmile (⌣̸) . . . . . . . . . .. 85 \nsquigarrowswne (̸) . . 73
\nRrightarrow (⇛̸) . . . . . 72 \nsmileeq (̸) . . . . . . . 53, 86 \nsquigarrowupdown (̸) . 73
\nsdtstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57 \nsmileeq (̸) . . . . . . . .. 85 \nsststile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
\nSearrow (⇘̸) . . . . . . . . 76 \nsmileeqfrown (̸) . . . .. 85 \nstareq (≛̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53

279
\nststile ( ) . . . . . . . . 57 \nsupseteq (⊉) . . . . . . . . 60 \ntriangleright (7) . . . 66
\nsttstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57 \nsupseteq (⊉) . . . . . . . . 60 \ntriangleright (·) . . . 68
\nSubset (Ű) . . . . . . . . . 59 \nsupseteq (⊉) . . . . . . . . 61 \ntriangleright (⋫) . . . . 68
\nSubset (>) . . . . . . . . . . 59 \nsupseteqq (Ŕ) . . . . . . . 59 \ntriangleright (⋫) . . 63, 67
\nSubset (⋐̸) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \nsupseteqq (#) . . . . . . . 59 \ntrianglerighteq (§) . . 66
\nSubset (⋐̸) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \nsupseteqq (£) . . . . . . . 60 \ntrianglerighteq (4) . 66
\nsubset (Ć) . . . . . . . . . 59 \nsupseteqq (⫆̸) . . . . . . . 60 \ntrianglerighteq (´) . . 68
\nsubset (ž) . . . . . . . . . 60 \nsupseteqq (⫆̸) . . . . . . . 60 \ntrianglerighteq (⋭) . . 68
\nsubset (⊄) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \nsupseteqq () . . . . . . . 61 \ntrianglerighteq (⋭) 63, 67
\nsubset (⊄) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \nSwarrow (⇙̸) . . . . . . . . 77 \ntrianglerighteq (⋭) . . 68
\nsubset (⊄) . . . . . . . . . 61 \nSwarrow (⇙̸) . . . . . . . . 73 \ntrianglerighteqslant (S)
\nsubseteq (Ę) . . . . . . . . 59 \nswarrow (↙̸) . . . . . . . . 76 . . . . . . . . 66
\nsubseteq (*) . . . . . . . 59 \nswarrow (↙̸) . . . . . . . . 73 \ntriplefrown (̸) . . . . . 85
\nsubseteq (ª) . . .
\nswarrowtail (̸) . . . . . 77 \ntriplesim (≋̸) . . . . . . . 53
. . . . . 60
\nswarrowtail (̸) . . . . . 73 \ntriplesim (≋̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nsubseteq (⊈) . . . . . . . . 60
\nswbkarrow (̸) . . . . . . 77 \ntriplesmile (̸) . . . . . 85
\nsubseteq (⊈) . . . . . . . . 60
\nswfilledspoon (̸) . . . 84
\nsubseteq (⊈) . . . . . . . . 61 \ntststile ( ) ....... 57
\nswfootline (̸) . . . . . . 51
\nsubseteqq (Ő) . . . . . . . 59
\nswfree (̸) . . . . . . . . . 51 \nttstile ( ) . . . . . . . . 57
\nsubseteqq (") . . . . . . . 59
\nsubseteqq (¢) . .
\nswharpoonccw (̸) . . . . 74
. . . . . 60 \ntttstile ( ) ....... 57
\nswharpooncw (̸) . . . . . 74
\nsubseteqq (⫅̸) . . . . . . . 60
\nswharpoonnw (̸) . . . . . 79 \ntwoheaddownarrow (↡̸) . 77
\nsubseteqq (⫅̸) . . . . . . . 60
\nswharpoonse (̸) . . . . . 79 \ntwoheaddownarrow (↡̸) . 73
\nsubseteqq () . . . . . . . 61
\nswlcurvearrow (⤶̸) . . . 78 \ntwoheadleftarrow (h) . 48
\nsucc (č) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nswlsquigarrow (̸) . . . 73 \ntwoheadleftarrow (↞̸) 77
\nsucc () . . . . . . . . . . . 47
\ntwoheadleftarrow (↞̸) 73
\nsucc (‡) . . . . . .
\nswmapsto (̸) . . . . . . . 73
. . . . . 54
\nswModels (̸) . . . . . . . 51 \ntwoheadnearrow (̸) . . 77
\nsucc (⊁) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nswmodels (̸) . . . . . . . 51 \ntwoheadnearrow (̸) . . 73
\nsucc (⊁) . . . . . . . . . . . 50
\nswnearrows (̸) . . . . . 77 \ntwoheadnwarrow (̸) . . 77
\nsucc (⊁) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nswnearrows (̸) . . . . . 73 \ntwoheadnwarrow (̸) . . 73
\nsuccapprox (É) . . . . . . 49
\nswnecurvearrow (̸) . . 78 \ntwoheadrightarrow (g) 48
\nsuccapprox (8) . . . . . . 48
\nswneharpoons (̸) . . . 79 \ntwoheadrightarrow (↠̸) 77
\nsuccapprox (⪸̸) . . . . . . 53
\nswneharpoons (̸) . . . . 74 \ntwoheadrightarrow (↠̸) 73
\nsuccapprox (⪸̸) . . . . . . 50
\nswpitchfork (̸) . . . . . 84 \ntwoheadsearrow (̸) . . 77
\nsucccurlyeq (ğ) . . . . . 49
\nswrcurvearrow (̸) . . . 78 \ntwoheadsearrow (̸) . . 73
\nsucccurlyeq (%) . . . . . 48
\nswrsquigarrow (̸) . . . 73 \ntwoheadswarrow (̸) . . 77
\nsucccurlyeq (⋡) . . . . . 53
\nswspoon (̸) . . . . . . . . 84 \ntwoheadswarrow (̸) . . 73
\nsucccurlyeq (⋡) . . . . . 50
\nswswarrows (̸) . . . . . 77 \ntwoheaduparrow (↟̸) . . . 77
\nsucccurlyeq (⋡) . . . . . 56
\nswswarrows (̸) . . . . . 73 \ntwoheaduparrow (↟̸) . . . 73
\nsucceq (ń) . . . . . . . . . 49
\nswVdash (̸) . . . . . . . . 51 \Nu (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\nsucceq () . . . . . . . . . 47 \nu (𝜈) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\nswvdash (̸) . . . . . . . . 51
\nsucceq () . . . . . . . . . 54 \NT () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 nuclear power plant see \SNPP
\nsucceq (⪰̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53 \nucleus (𝑒) . . . . . . . . . 125
\nsucceq (⪰̸) . . . . . . . . . . 50 \ntdtstile ( ) ....... 57
\NUL (␀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\nsucceq () . . . . . . . . . 56 ntheorem (package) . . . . . 112 \NUL (␀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\nsucceqq (:) . . . . . . . . . 48 \nthickapprox (5) . . . . . 48 null infinity . . . see alphabets,
\nsucceqq (⪴̸) . . . . . . . . . 53 \nto (↛) . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 math
\nsuccsim (Ã) . . . . . . . . 49 \nto (↛) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 null set . . . . . . . . . . 111–114
\nsuccsim () . . . . . . . . . 48 \ntriangleeq (≜̸) . . . . . . 68 number sets . . see alphabets,
\nsuccsim (≿̸) . . . . . . . . . 53 \ntriangleeq (≜̸) . . . . . . 67 math
\nsuccsim (≿̸) . . . . . . . . . 50 \ntriangleleft (Ž) . . . . 66 number sign see \textnumero
\nSupset (Ů) . . . . . . . . . 59 \ntriangleleft (6) . . . . 66 numbers . . . . . . see numerals
\nSupset (?) . . . . . . . . . . 59 \ntriangleleft (¶) . . . . 68 numerals 26, 110, 118, 130, 163,
\nSupset (⋑̸) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \ntriangleleft (⋪) . . . . 68 170, 171, 186–187, 204
\nSupset (⋑̸) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \ntriangleleft (⋪) . . . 63, 67 circled 130, 170, 171, 204
\nsupset (Č) . . . . . . . . . 59 \ntrianglelefteq (đ) . . 66 Epi-Olmec . . . . . . . . 146
\nsupset (Ÿ) . . . . . . . . . 60 \ntrianglelefteq (5) . . 66 Isthmian . . . . . . . . . 146
\nsupset (⊅) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \ntrianglelefteq (µ) . . . 68 LCD . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
\nsupset (⊅) . . . . . . . . . . 60 \ntrianglelefteq (⋬) . . . 68 Linear B . . . . . . . . . 142
\nsupset (⊅) . . . . . . . . . 61 \ntrianglelefteq (⋬) . 63, 67 Mayan . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\nsupseteq (Ğ) . . . . . . . . 59 \ntrianglelefteq (⋬) . . . 68 old-style . . . . . . . . . . 26
\nsupseteq (+) . . . . . . . 59 \ntrianglelefteqslant (R) 66 segmented . . . . . . . . 118
\nsupseteq («) . . . . . . . . 60 \ntriangleright (Ż) . . . 66 \NumLock ( Num ) . . . . . . 122

280
\nUparrow (⇑̸) . . . . . . . . 77
\nUparrow (⇑̸) . . . . . . . . . 73
\nuparrow (↑̸) . . . . . . . . . 77
\nuparrow (↑̸) . . . . . . . . . 73
\nuparrowtail (̸) . . . . . 77
\nuparrowtail (̸) . . . . . 73
\nupAssert (⫨̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupassert (⫠̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupbkarrow (⇡̸) . . . . . . . 77
\nupblackspoon (̸) . . . . 85
\nUpdownarrow (⇕̸) . . . . . 77
\nUpdownarrow (⇕̸) . . . . . 73
\nupdownarrow (↕̸) . . . . . 77
\nupdownarrow (↕̸) . . . . . 73
\nupdownarrows (⇅̸) . . . . 77
\nupdownarrows (̸) . . . . 73
\nupdowncurvearrow (̸) . 78
\nupdownharpoonleftright
(⥍̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\nupdownharpoonleftright
(̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
\nupdownharpoonrightleft
(⥌̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\nupdownharpoonrightleft
\nupvDash (⫫̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupvdash (⊥̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupvdash (⊥̸) . . . . . . . . . 51
\nupwavearrow (̸) . . . . . 77
\Nursey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\nuup (ν) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\nUuparrow (⤊̸) . . . . . . . 77
\nvardownwavearrow (̸) . 77
\nvargeq (ń) . . . . . . . . . 62
\nvarhookdownarrow (̸) . 77
\nvarhookleftarrow (↩̸) . 77
\nvarhooknearrow (⤤̸) . . 77
\nvarhooknwarrow (⤣̸) . . 77
\nvarhookrightarrow (↪̸) 77
\nvarhooksearrow (⤥̸) . . 77
\nvarhookswarrow (⤦̸) . . 77
\nvarhookuparrow (̸) . . . 77
\nvarisinobar () . . . . . 56
\nvarleftrightwavearrow (↭̸)
. . . . . . . . 77
\nvarleftwavearrow (↜̸) . 77
\nvarleq (ł) . . . . . . . . . 62
\nvarniobar () . . . . . . . 56
\nvarparallel () . . . . . 48
\nVleftarrowtail (⬺) . . 83
\nvleftarrowtail (⬹) . . 83
\nVleftrightarrow (⇼) . 83
\nvLeftrightarrow (⤄) . 83
\nvleftrightarrow (⇹) . 83
\nvlongdash (⟝̸) . . . . . 53
\nVrightarrow () . . . . . 80
\nVrightarrow (⇻) . . . . . 83
\nvRightarrow (⤃) . . . . . 83
\nvrightarrow (⇸) . . . . . 83
\nVrightarrowtail (⤕) . 83
\nvrightarrowtail (⤔) . 83
\nVtwoheadleftarrow (⬵) 83
\nvtwoheadleftarrow (⬴) 83
\nVtwoheadleftarrowtail (⬽)
. . . . . . . . 83
\nvtwoheadleftarrowtail (⬼)
. . . . . . . . 83
\nVtwoheadrightarrow (⤁) 83
\nvtwoheadrightarrow (⤀) 83
\nVtwoheadrightarrowtail
(⤘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
\nvtwoheadrightarrowtail
(⤗) . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
(̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
\nupdownharpoons (⥮̸) . . 79
\nupdownharpoons (⥮̸) . . . 74
\nupdownharpoonsleftright
(⥮̸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\nUpdownline (∦) . . . . . . 51
\nupdownline (∤) . . . . . . 51
\nupdownsquigarrow (̸) . 78
\nupdownwavearrow (̸) . . 77
\nupfilledspoon (̸) . . . . 84
\nupfootline (̸) . . . . . . 51
\nupfree (̸) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nupharpoonccw (↿̸) . . . . . 74
\nupharpooncw (↾̸) . . . . . 74
\nupharpoonleft (↿̸) . . . 79
\nupharpoonright (↾̸) . . . 79
\nuplcurvearrow (̸) . . . 78
\nupleftcurvedarrow (̸) 78
\nuplsquigarrow (̸) . . . 78
\nuplsquigarrow (̸) . . . . 73
\nUpmapsto (̸) . . . . . . . . 77
\nupmapsto (↥̸) . . . . . . . . 77
\nupmapsto (↥̸) . . . . . . . . 73
\nupModels (̸) . . . . . . . 51
\nupmodels (̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupmodels (̸) . . . . . . . . 51
\nuppitchfork (⋔̸) . . . . . 86
\nuppitchfork (⋔̸) . . . . . 84
\nuprcurvearrow (̸) . . . 78
\nuprightcurvearrow (⤴̸) 78
\nuprsquigarrow (̸) . . . 78
\nuprsquigarrow (̸) . . . . 73
\nupspoon (⫯̸) . . . . . . . . . 85
\nupspoon (⫯̸) . . . . . . . . . 84
\nupuparrows (⇈̸) . . . . . . 77
\nupuparrows (⇈̸) . . . . . . 73
\nupVDash (̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupVdash (⍊̸) . . . . . . . . 53
\nupVdash (⍊̸) . . . . . . . . 51
\nvarparallelinv () . . . 48
\nvarrightwavearrow (↝̸) 77
\nvartriangleleft (⋪) . . 68
\nvartriangleright (⋫) . 68
\nvarupdownwavearrow (̸) 77
\nvarupwavearrow (̸) . . . 77
\nVbar (⫫̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nvBar (⫨̸) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nVDash (*) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nVDash (3) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\nVDash (³) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\nVDash (⊯) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nVDash (⊯) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nVDash (⊯) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nVdash (.) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nVdash (1) . . . . . . . . . . 48
\nVdash (±) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\nVdash (⊮) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nVdash (⊮) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nVdash (⊮) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nvDash (*) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nvDash (2) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\nvDash (²) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\nvDash (⊭) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nvDash (⊭) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nvDash (⊭) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nvdash (&) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nvdash (0) . . . . . . . . . . 47
\nvdash (°) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\nvdash (⊬) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nvdash (⊬) . . . . . . . . . . 51
\nvdash (⊬) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\nvDdash (⫢̸) . . . . . . . . . 53
\nveeeq (≚̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nvinfty (⧞) . . . . . . . . . 111
\nVleftarrow () . . . . . . 80
\nVleftarrow (⇺) . . . . . . 83
\nvLeftarrow (⤂) . . . . . . 83
\nvleftarrow (⇷) . . . . . . 83
281
\nVvash (.) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nVvdash (⊪̸) . . . . . . . . . 53
\Nwarrow (v) . . . . . . . . . 70
\Nwarrow () . . . . . . . . . 79
\Nwarrow (⇖) . . . . . . . . . 75
\Nwarrow (⇖) . . . . . . . . . 71
\Nwarrow (⇖) . . . . . . . . . 81
\nwarrow (Ô) . . . . . . . . . 70
\nwarrow (↖) . . . . . . 69, 213
\nwarrow (↖) . . . . . . . . . 75
\nwarrow (↖) . . . . . . . . . 71
\nwarrow (↖) . . . . . . . . . 81
\nwarrowcorner () . . . . 79
\nwarrowtail (%) . . . . . . 75
\nwarrowtail (%) . . . . . . 71
\nwbkarrow (e) . . . . . . . 75
\nwedgeq (≙̸) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\nwfilledspoon (u) . . . . 84
\nwfootline (}) . . . . . . . 49
\nwfree (…) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\nwharpoonccw (E) . . . . . 74
\nwharpooncw (M) . . . . . . 74
\nwharpoonne (M) . . . . . . 78
\nwharpoonsw (E) . . . . . . 78
\nwhiteblackspoon (⊶̸) . 85
\nwlcurvearrow (™) . . . . 76
\nwlsquigarrow (¥) . . . . 71
\nwmapsto (-) . . . . . . . . 71
\nwModels (õ) . . . . . . . . 49
\nwmodels (å) . . . . . . . . 49
\nwnwarrows (}) . . . . . . 75
\nwnwarrows (•) . . . . . . 71
\nwovnearrow (⤲) . . . . . . 81
\nwpitchfork () . . . . . . 84
\nwrcurvearrow (¡) . . . . 76
\nwrsquigarrow (­) . . . . 71
\Nwsearrow () . . . . . . . 75
\Nwsearrow () . . . . . . . 71
\nwsearrow (↖ ↘) . . . . . . . 213
\nwsearrow (⤢) . . . . . . . 75 \odot (⊙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \ointctrclockwisesl (∳) 44
\nwsearrow (⤢) . . . . . . . 71 \odot (⊙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \ointctrclockwiseup (∳) 44
\nwsearrow (⤡) . . . . . . . 81 \odot (⊙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \ointsl (∮) . . . . . . . . . . . 44
\nwsearrows (ƒ) . . . . . . 75 \odot (⊙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 \ointup (∮) . . . . . . . . . . . 44
\nwsearrows (›) . . . . . . 71 \odotslashdot (⦼) . . . . . 36 \olcross (⦻) . . . . . . . . . 36
\nwsebipropto (‹) . . . . . 30 
\odplus ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 33 old-style numerals . . . . . . 26
\nwsecrossing (“) . . . . . 49 \OE (Œ) . . . . . . . . . . 14, 223 \olddWinkey ( ) . . . . . . . 179
\nwsecurvearrow (©) . . . 76 \oe (œ) . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 223
\nwseharpoonnesw (S) . . 78 \oequal (⊜) . . . . . . . . . . 34 \oldGclef ( g) . . . . . . . 149
\nwseharpoonnesw (S) . . 74 \Ofen ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \oldstylenums . . . . . . . . 26
\nwseharpoons (_) . . . . . 78 \officialeuro (e) . . . . . 25 \oldWinkey ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\nwseharpoons (_) . . . . . 74 \offinterlineskip . . . . . 211 \oleft (h) . . . . . . . . . . . 33
\nwseharpoonswne (W) . . 78 ogonek (package) 23, 226, 227 \oleft (“) . . . . . . . . . . . 35
\nwseharpoonswne (W) . . 74 ogonek ( ˛) . . . . . see accents \olessthan (<) . . . . . . . . 28
\Nwseline (×) . . . . . . . . 49 \ogreaterthan (=) . . . . . 28 \olessthan (˜) . . . . . . . . 35
\nwseline (Ó) . . . . . . . . 49 \ogreaterthan (™) . . . . . 35 \olessthan (⧀) . . . . . . . . 36
\nwspoon (m) . . . . . . . . . 84 \ogreaterthan (⧁) . . . . . 36 Olschok, Marc . . . . . . . . . 209
{
\nwVdash (í) . . . . . . . . . 50 \ohill (a) . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \OM () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\nwvdash (Ý) . . . . . . . . . 49 ohm . . . . . . . . see \textohm \Omega (Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\ohm (Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 \omega (𝜔) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
O / ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\Ohne (a \omegaup (ω) . . . . . . . . . 89
\O (Ø) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 \Omicron (O) . . . . . . . . . 88
\OHORN (Ơ) . . . . . . . . . . . 15
\o (ø) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 \omicron (o) . . . . . . . . . . 88
\ohorn (ơ)) . . . . . . . . . . . 15
o (𝑜) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \ominus (a) . . . . . . . . . . 33
\oiiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . 40
\oast (⊛) . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \ominus (⊖) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\oiiint (∰) . . . . . . . . . 42
\oast (⊛) . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 ˆ \ominus () . . . . . . . . . . 35
\oasterisk (f) . . . . . . . . 33 \oiiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . 46
\ominus (⊖) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\obackslash (n) . . . . . . . 33 \oiiint (∰) . . . . .L . . . . . 43 \ominus (⊖) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\obackslash (⦸) . . . . . . . 34 \oiiintclockwise ( ) . . 40 \ominus (⊖) . . . . . . . . . . 36
D
\obackslash (⦸) . . . . . . . 34 \oiiintctrclockwise ( ) 40 \onlymove (F) . . . . . . . . 169
\obar (:) . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \oiiintsl (∰) . . . . . . . . 44 \oo (∘∘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\obar (•) . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 \oo (@) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\obar (⌽) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
\oiiintupů (∰) . . . . . . . . 44
\oiint (v) . . . . . . . . . . . 39 \ooalign . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
\Obelus ( ) . . . . . . . . . 171 \oiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 38 \open (z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
\obelus ( ) . . . . . . . . . 171
\oiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 40 open unit disk (D) . . . . . see
\Obelus* ( ·· ) . . . . . . . . . 171 ‚ alphabets, math
\oiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 40
\obelus* ( ·· ) . . . . . . . . . 171 \openJoin ([) . . . . . . . . . 48
\oiint (∯) . . . . . . . . . . . 42
\oblong (@) . . . . . . . . . . 28 † \openo (c) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\oblong (:) . . . . . . . . . . 35 \oiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 46 \openo (=) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\obot (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 \oiint (∯) . . . . . . . . . . . 41 \openo (l) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\obot (’) . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 \oiint (∯) . . . . .H. . . . . . 43 \opentimes (]) . . . . . . . . 48
\obot (⦺) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 \oiintclockwise ( ) . . . 40 OpenType . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\obrbrak (⏠) . . . . . . . . . 114 @
\oiintctrclockwise ( ) 40 operators . . . . . 27–29, 32–34
\obslash (;) . . . . . . . . . 28 binary . . . . . . . . . 28–36
\oiintsl (∯) . . . . . . . . . 44
\obslash () . . . . . . . . . 35 logical . . . . . . see logical
\obslash (⦸) . . . . . . . . . 35 ű (∯) . . . . . . . . .
\oiintup . 44
operators
\oint (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
\obslash (⦸) . . . . . . . . . 36 set . . . . see set operators
\oint (u) . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\oc () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 unary . . . . . . . . . . . 27
\oint (∮︀ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\ocirc (e) . . . . . . . . . . . 33 \operp (⦹) . . . . . . . . . . . 36
\oint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
\ocirc (⊚) . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \oplus (‘) . . . . . . . . . . . 33
\oint (∮) . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
\ocirc (⊚) . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \oplus (⊕) . . . . . 27, 28, 209
\ocircle (#) . . . . . . . . . 29 \oint (∮) . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 \oplus (€) . . . . . . . . . . . 35
\ocoasterisk (g) . . . . . . 33 \oint (∮) . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 \oplus (⊕) . . . . . . . . . . . 34
\ocommatopright ( ̕ ) . . . . 101 \ointclockwise ( ) . . . . 39 \oplus (⊕) . . . . . . . . . . . 34
ı
\octagon (8) . . . . . . . . . 132 \ointclockwise ( ) . . . . . 40 \oplus (⊕) . . . . . . . . . . . 36
octonions (O) . see alphabets, \ointclockwise (∲) . . . . 43 \opluslhrim (⨭) . . . . . . . 32
„
math \ointclockwise ( ) . . . . . 46 \oplusrhrim (⨮) . . . . . . . 32
\Octosteel (‘) . . . . . . . . 123
\opposbishops (o) . . . . . 169
\ointctrclockwise ( ) . . 39
\od (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22  \Opposition (p) . . . . . . . 120
˚ (⊝) . . . . . . . . . . . 34 \ointctrclockwise ( ) . . 40
\odash \opposition (W) . . . . . . 119
\ointctrclockwise (∳) . . 43
\odiv (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ‚ optical scaling . . . . . . . . . 216
\odiv (⨸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 \ointctrclockwise ( ) . . 46 options . . see package options
\odot (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 \ointctrclockwise (∳) . . 43 \OR () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

282
 ⏞⏞⏞
or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see \vee \overbrace ( ) . . . . 103 bbgreekl (mathbbol) . 117
OR gates . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 ⏞⏟ c (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104
\orbit (𝐵) . . . . . . . . . . . 125 \overbrace ( ) . . . . . . 102 crescent (fge) . . . . . . 101
\overbracket ( ) . . . . . . 104 d (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104
⎴
e (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104
\ORd (
)
\overbracket ( ) . . . . 103
. . . . . . . . . . 123 f (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104
\oright (i) . . . . . . . . . . 33 \overbracket ”( ) . . 214, 215 g (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104
\oright (”) . . . . . . . . . . 35 \overbridge (a) . . . . . . .
hkkk j
21 german (keystroke) . . 122
\origof (⊶) . . . . . . . . . 85 \overgroup ( ) ...... 104 greek (babel) . 14, 88, 89,
\origof (⊶) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \overgroup (ÌÎ) . . . . . . . . 103 144
oriscus . . . . . . . see musixgre ³µ h (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104
\overgroup ( ) . . . . . . . 103 heartctrbull (bullcntr) . 168
\overleftarrow (⃖⃖) . . . . . 103
\ORl () . . . . . . . . . 123 \overleftarrow (← −) . . . . integrals (wasysym) . . 38
q
102
↼ largectrbull (bullcntr) . 168
\OrnamentDiamondSolid ( ) . \overleftharp ( ) . . . . . 84
mathcal (euscript) . . . 116
. . . . . . . 137 \overleftharpdown (↽) . . 84
−) . . mathscr (euscript) . . . 116
ornaments . . . . 131, 132, 137, \overleftharpoon (↽ 103
↼
Ð
mathscr (urwchancal) . 116
191–192, 194–197 \overleftharpoon ( ) . . 103 nointegrals (wasysym) 38
\overleftharpoon (⃐⃖) . . . 103 polutonikogreek (babel) 14,
\ORr ( ) . . . . . . . . . 123 \overleftrightarrow (⃖⃗) 103 88, 89
orthogonal to . . . . . see \bot \overleftrightarrow (← →) 102 sans (dsfont) . . . . . . . 116
\overline ( ) . . 27, 100, 102 scaled (CountriesOfEurope)
\overlinesegment (¬ ­) . . 103 . . . . . . . 178
\ORu () . . . . . . . . . . 123
\oslash (m) . . . . . . . . . . 33
\oslash (⊘) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\oslash (–) . . . . . . . . . . 35
\oslash (⊘) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\oslash (⊘) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\oslash (⊘) . . . . . . . . . . 36
\ostar (⍟) . . . . . . . . . . . 34
\osum (⨊) . . . . . . . . . . 42, 43
.otf files . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\Otimes (⨷) . . . . . . . . . . 36
\otimes (b) . . . . . . . . . . 33
\otimes (⊗) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\otimes (‚) . . . . . . . . . . 35
\otimes (⊗) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\otimes (⊗) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\otimes (⊗) . . . . . . . . . . 36
\otimeshat (⨶) . . . . . . . . 36
\otimeslhrim (⨴) . . . . . . 32
\otimesrhrim (⨵) . . . . . . 32
\otop (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
\otop (‘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
\otriangle (—) . . . . . . . . 35
\otriangle (d) . . . . . . 34, 67
\otriangleup (o) . . . . . . 33
\oturnedcomma ( ̒ ) . . . . . 101
outer joins . . . . . . . . . . . 114
ovals . 135, 157–161, 186–187,
192, 202–203
\ovee (>) . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\ovee (š) . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
\Oven ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
\oven ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\oven ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
⌢
\overarc (a ) . . . . . . . . . . 22
hkkikkj
\overbrace ( ) . . . . . 104
ÌÐÎ
\overbrace ( ) . . . . . . . 103
© a (esvect) . . .
\overbrace ( ) . . . . . . . . 103
⏞⏟
\overbrace ( ) . . . . . . 104
\overlinesegment ( ) . . z
x 103 scr (rsfso) . . . . . . . . . 116
⏜⏜ smallctrbull (bullcntr) 168
\overparen ( ) . . . . 103 smartctrbull (bullcntr) 168
⏞
\overparenthesis ( ) . 214, upint (stix) 36, 37, 44, 45
215 utf8x (inputenc) . . . . 224
\Overrightarrow (= ⇒) . . . 102 varg (txfonts/pxfonts) 90
overrightarrow (package) . 102, packages
226 abraces . . . . 105, 226, 227
\overrightarrow (⃖⃗) . . . . 103 accents 100, 214, 226, 227
\overrightarrow (− →) . . . 102 actuarialangle . . 105, 214,
⇀
\overrightharp ( ) . . . . . 84 226
\overrightharpdown (⇁) . 84 adforn 127, 131, 132, 137,
\overrightharpoon (⇀ − ) . . 103 226, 227
\overrightharpoon (Ð ⇀) . . 103
adfsymbols 126, 129, 131,
136, 226
\overrightharpoon (⃖⃑) . . 103
\overring (x) . . . . . . . . 23 𝒜ℳ𝒮 . . . . 11, 14, 28, 38,
47, 59, 61, 66, 69, 87, 88,
\overset . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
90, 91, 93, 94, 100, 102,
\overt (⦶) . . . . . . . . . . . 34
\overt (⦶) . . . . . . . . . . . 34 105, 108, 111, 112, 117,
\ovhook ( ̉ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 206, 207, 225
\ovoid (l) . . . . . . . . . . . 33 amsbsy . . . . . . . . . . . 220
\owedge (?) . . . . . . . . . . 28 amsfonts . . . . . 112, 116
\owedge (›) . . . . . . . . . . 35 amsmath 11, 87, 100, 210,
\owns . . . . . . . . . . . . see \ni 219
\owns (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 amssymb . . 11, 100, 112,
\owns (∋) . . . . . . . . . . 52, 92 116, 144, 226
\owns (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 amstext . . . . . . 211, 213
\owns (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 apl . . . . . . . . . . 121, 226
\owns (∋) . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 ar . . . . . . . . . . 118, 226
\ownsbar (W) . . . . . . . . . . 91 arcs . . . . . . . . . . 22, 226
arev . . 127–130, 137, 147,
P 178, 226
\P (¶) . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 222 ascii . . . . . . 122, 221, 226
\P (¶) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 astrosym . . . . . 188, 226
\p ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 babel . . . 14, 88, 89, 144
\p@ ˙ . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 213 bartel-chess-fonts 204, 205,
package options 226
. . . . . . 104 bbding 126–129, 131, 135,
arrows (boisik) . . . . . 80 137, 207, 226
b (esvect) . . . . . . . . . 104 bbm . . . . . . . . . 116, 226
283
 bbold . . . . . . . . 116, 226
bclogo 180, 181, 226, 227
begriff . . . . . . . 109, 226
bigints . . . . 41, 226, 227
bm . . . . . . 220, 226, 227
boisik . . . . . . . 31, 35, 43,
54, 60, 65, 68, 79, 80, 90,
92, 93, 101, 111, 114, 133,
136, 144, 147, 226
braket . . . . . . . . . . . 94
bullcntr . . . 168, 226, 227
bullenum . . . . . . . . . 168
calligra . . . . 116, 226, 227
calrsfs . . . . . . . . . . . 116
cancel . . . . . . . . . . . 102
ccicons . . . . 26, 226, 227
cclicenses . . . . . . 26, 226
centernot . . . . . . . . . 211
chancery . . . . . . . . . . 226
chemarr . . . . . . 106, 226
chemarrow . 84, 106, 226
ChinA2e . 25, 87, 117, 174,
175
china2e . . . 116, 226, 227
clock . . . . . . . . 167, 226
cmll 27, 33, 46, 58, 93, 226
colonequals . . 27, 58, 226
combelow . . 23, 226, 227
cookingsymbols . 178, 226,
227
CountriesOfEurope . 176,
226, 227
cryst . . . . . . . . 202, 226
cypriot . . . . 143, 226, 227
dancers . . . . . . 198, 226
dblaccnt . . . . . . . . . . 214
dice . . . . . . . . . 203, 226
dictsym . . . . . . 172, 226
dingbat 128, 137, 194, 207,
226
DotArrow . . 107, 226, 227
dozenal . . . 110, 168, 226
dsfont . . . . . . . 116, 226
epiolmec . . 144, 146, 226,
227
epsdice . . . . . . . 167, 226
esint . . . . . . . . . 40, 226
esvect . . . . . . . 104, 226
eufrak . . . . . . . . . . . 116
eurosym . . . . . . . 25, 226
euscript . . . . . . 116, 226
extarrows . . . . . 106, 226
extpfeil . . . . . . . 107, 226
extraipa . . . . . . . 21, 226
fc . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 19
fclfont . . . . . . . . . . . 226
fdsymbol . . . . . . 30, 31,
34, 42, 43, 51–53, 60, 64,
68, 75–79, 85, 86, 90, 92,
96, 97, 101, 103, 108, 111,
113, 133, 136, 147, 226
feyn . . . . . . . . . 125, 226
lilyglyphs
fge . 84, 92, 101, 110, 115,
226
fixmath . . . . . . . . . . 220
fontawesome . . . . . . . . . .
24, 25, 119, 124, 127–130,
132, 136, 181, 184, 226,
227
fontenc . . 11, 14, 15, 19,
221, 223
fontspec . . . 147, 224, 225
fourier 25, 58, 89, 93, 99,
104, 129, 132, 165, 226
frege . . . . . 110, 226, 227
gensymb . . . . . . . . . . 118
go . . . . . . . . . . 171, 226
graphics . . . . . . . 84, 209
graphicx . . . 23, 206, 209
greenpoint . . . . 186, 226
hands . . . . . . . . 186, 226
harmony . . . . . . 149, 226
harpoon . . . 84, 226, 227
hhcount 167, 168, 226, 227
hieroglf . . . . . . 139, 226
holtpolt . . . . . . 107, 226
ifsym . 118, 135, 166, 207,
209, 226
igo . . . . . . . . . . 170, 226
inputenc . . . . . . . . . . 224
isoent . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
junicode . . . . . . 224, 226
keystroke . . . . . 122, 226
knitting . . . 176, 226, 227
knot . . . . . . 194, 197, 226
latexsym . . 28, 46, 58, 69,
112, 206, 226
147, 150–157,
161–163
lilyglyphs . . . . . . . . . 226
linearA . . . . . . . 139, 226
linearb 142, 143, 226, 227
logic . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
longdiv . . . . . . . . . . . 102
magic . . . . . . . . 204, 226
manfnt . . . . . . . 164, 226
marvosym . . 24, 110, 119,
121, 123, 124, 127, 130,
164, 165, 175, 207
mathabx 27, 29, 33, 38, 48,
49, 59, 62, 66, 70, 71, 86,
91, 93–95, 100, 104, 110,
113, 120, 169, 206, 207,
226
mathbbol . . . . . 116, 117
mathcomp . . . . . . . . 110
mathdesign 24, 32, 46, 92,
98, 115, 226
mathdots . 100, 107, 109,
213, 226
mathrsfs . . . . . . 116, 226
mathspec . . . . . . . . . 88
mathtools 27, 56, 104, 106,
226
mbboard . . . 116, 117, 226
284
mdwmath . . 105, 226, 227
metre . . 22, 100, 171, 226
milstd . . . . 123, 226, 227
MnSymbol 27, 29, 30, 34,
41, 42, 49–51, 60, 63, 67,
71–74, 84, 85, 90, 91, 95,
100, 102, 103, 108, 111,
113, 132, 136, 147, 226
moonphase . . . . 188, 226
musixgre . . . . . . . . . . 149
musixlit . . . . . . . . . . 149
musixper . . . . . . . . . 149
musixtex . . . . . . 226, 227
nath . . . . . . . 93, 99, 226
nicefrac . . . 114, 226, 227
niceframe . . 191–194, 197
nkarta . . . . . . . 186, 226
ntheorem . . . . . . . . . 112
ogonek . . . . 23, 226, 227
overrightarrow . . 102, 226
phaistos . . . . . . 138, 226
phonetic . 18, 22, 209, 226
pict2e . . . . . . . . . . . 119
pifont . . 15, 126–131, 136,
137, 186, 191, 202, 209,
226
pigpen . . . . . . . 174, 226
pmboxdraw . . . . 173, 226
polynom . . . . . . . . . . 102
prodint . . . . . . . . 46, 226
protosem . . . . . 138, 226
psnfss . . . . . . . . . . . 130
PSTricks . . . . . . . . . 181
pxfonts . . . 27, 29, 39, 48,
59, 62, 70, 86, 89–91, 112,
116, 136, 206, 221
recycle . . . . . . . 175, 226
relsize . . . . . . . . . . . 22
rotating . . . . . . . 26, 122
rsfso . . . . . . . . 116, 226
rubikcube . . 185, 226, 227
sarabian . . . 144, 226, 227
savesym . . . . . . . . . . 206
semaphor . . 200, 202, 226
semtrans . . . 19, 23, 226
shuffle . . . . . . . . 33, 226
simplewick . . . . . . . . 215
simpsons . . . . . 172, 226
skak . . . . . . 169, 170, 226
skull . . . . . . . . . 169, 226
slashed . . . . . . . . . . . 211
soyombo . . . 175, 226, 227
starfont . . . 120, 226, 227
staves . . . . . . . 173, 226
steinmetz . . 119, 226, 227
stix . . . . . 32, 36, 37, 43,
44, 55, 56, 61, 65, 66, 68,
81–83, 87, 90–93, 97, 101,
103, 109, 111, 112, 114,
120, 121, 124, 133, 134,
137, 147, 167, 226, 227
 stmaryrd . . . . . 28, 38, 47,
59, 66, 70, 86, 93, 94, 207,
211, 225, 226
svrsymbols . 125, 226, 227
t4phonet . . . 19, 22, 226
teubner 25, 109, 144, 172,
226
textcomp . . . . . . 11, 13,
14, 19, 23–26, 69, 99, 114,
118, 147, 164, 206, 221,
223, 226
textgreek 14, 89, 226, 227
tfrupee . . . . 25, 226, 227
Tik Z . . . . . 179–181, 185
tikzsymbols 179, 180, 226,
227
timing . . . . . . . . . . . 118
tipa . . 16, 17, 19–22, 209,
226
tipx . . . . . . . . . . 17, 226
trfsigns . . 58, 92, 107, 226
trsym . . . . . . . . . 58, 226
turnstile . . . . . . . 57, 226
txfonts . . . . . . . . . . . 27,
29, 39, 48, 59, 62, 70, 86,
89–91, 112, 116, 136, 206,
208, 221, 226
type1cm . . . . . . . . . . 206
ucs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
ulsy . . . . 33, 86, 209, 226
umranda . . . . . . 192, 226
umrandb . . . . . . 193, 226
underscore . . . . . . . . 13
undertilde . . . . . 105, 226
units . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
universa . . . 136, 165, 226
upgreek . . . . 14, 89, 226
upquote . . . . . . . . . . 221
url . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
urwchancal . . . . 116, 226
ushort . . . . 105, 226, 227
vietnam . . . . . . . . . . 226
vntex . . . . . . . . . . 15, 19
wasysym . . 18, 24, 26, 29,
38, 47, 59, 62, 108, 112,
118, 119, 121, 123, 130–
132, 147, 164, 207, 226
webomints . . . . 191, 226
wsuipa . . 18, 21, 23, 207,
209, 214, 226
xfrac . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
yfonts . . . . 116, 117, 226
yhmath 101, 102, 105, 109,
213, 226
\PackingWaste (ß) . . . . . 175
Pakin, Scott . 1, 212, 214, 225
\Pallas (:) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\pan ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\pan ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
paperclip . . . . . . . . . 180–181

\PaperLandscape ( ) . . . 166
\PaperPortrait ( )  . . . . 166
par . . . . . see \bindnasrepma,
\invamp, and \parr
paragraph mark . . . . . . see \P
\parallel (‖) . . . . . . . 46, 96
\parallel (∥) . . . . . . . . . 52
\parallel (∥) . . . . . . . . . 50
\parallel (∥) . . . . . . . . . 55
\parallelogram (▱) . . . . 134
\parallelogramblack (▰) 134
parallelograms . . . . . 133–134,
202–203
\ParallelPort (Ñ) . . . . . 121
\parallelslant (Ë) . . . . . 58
\parr (`) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
\parsim (⫳) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\partial (B) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\partial (𝜕) . . . . . . . . . . 91
\partial (∂) . . . . . . . . . . 93
\partialmeetcontraction (⪣)
. . . . . . . . 66
\partialslash (C) . . . . . 91
\partialvardint (∫…∫) . . 113
\partialvardlanddownint (⨚)
. . . . . . . 113
\partialvardlandupint (⨙) .
. . . . . . . 113
\partialvardlcircleleftint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvardlcircleleftint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvardlcirclerightint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvardlcirclerightint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvardoiint (∯) . 113
\partialvardoint (∮) . . . 113
\partialvardrcircleleftint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvardrcircleleftint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvardrcirclerightint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvardrcirclerightint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvardstrokedint (⨏) .
. . . . . . . 113
\partialvardsumint (⨋) . 113
\partialvartint (∫…∫) . . . 113
\partialvartlanddownint (⨚)
. . . . . . . 113
\partialvartlandupint (⨙) .
. . . . . . . 113
\partialvartlcircleleftint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvartlcircleleftint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvartlcirclerightint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvartlcirclerightint
(∲) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvartoiint (∯) . 113
\partialvartoint (∮) . . . 113
285
\partialvartrcircleleftint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvartrcircleleftint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
\partialvartrcirclerightint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
\partialvartrcirclerightint
(∳) . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
\partialvartstrokedint (⨏)
. . . . . . . 113
\partialvartsumint (⨋) . 113
particle-physics symbols . . 125
\partof (3) . . . . . . . . . . 209
parts per thousand . . . . . see
\textperthousand
\partvoice (a –ˇ») . . . . . . . . 21
\partvoiceless (a
– ») . . . . . 21
˚
\passedpawn (r) . . . . . . . 169
;
\PAUSe ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
:
\PAuse ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
=
\pause ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 148
pawn . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205
\PD (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
PDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
.pdf files . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

pdfLATEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
\Peace ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 137
\PeaceDove (f) . . . . . . . . 165
#
\Ped () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\peeler ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\peeler ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\pencil (✎) . . . . . . . . . . 128

\PencilLeft ( ) . . . . . . 128
\PencilLeftDown ( ) . . . 128

\PencilLeftUp ( ) . . . . . 128

\PencilRight ( ) . . . . . 128

\PencilRightDown ( ) . . 128

\PencilRightUp ( ) . . . . 128
pencils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
\pentagon (⬠) . . . . . . . . 134
\pentagon (D) . . . . . . . . 132
\pentagonblack (⬟) . . . . 134
\Pentagram (å) . . . . . . . . 120
\pentagram („) . . . . . . . . 34
\pentam (λθλθλ||λββλββλ)
. . . . . . . 172
people . . . . . . . . . . . see faces
percent sign . . . . . . . . see \%
percussion . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\permil (h) . . . . . . . . . . 26
\Perp (y) . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
\Perp (å) . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\Perp (‚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
\perp (⊥) . . . . . . . . . 46, 212
\perp (⊥) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\perp (⊥) . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
\perp (⟂) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\perps (⫡) . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\perthousand (‰) . . . . . 118
\Pfanne ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\Pfund (£) . . . . . . . . . . . 24
\PgDown ( Page ↓ ) . . . . . 122
\PgUp ( Page ↑ ) . . . . . . .
phaistos (package) . . 138,
Phaistos disk . . . . . . . . . .
pharmaceutical prescription
\textrecipe
\PHarrow (J) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\phase ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
phasor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\PHbee (h) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHbeehive (X) . . . . . . 138
\PHboomerang (R) . . . . . 138
\PHbow (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHbullLeg (b) . . . . . . . . 138
\PHcaptive (D) . . . . . . . 138
\PHcarpentryPlane (S) . 138
\PHcat (c) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHchild (E) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHclub (M) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHcolumn (W) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHcomb (U) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHdolium (T) . . . . . . . . 138
\PHdove (f) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHeagle (e) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHflute (o) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHgaunlet (H) . . . . . . . 138
\PHgrater (p) . . . . . . . . 138
\PHhelmet (G) . . . . . . . . 138
\PHhide (a) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHhorn (Z) . . . . . .
)
\Phi (Φ) . . . . . . . .
\phi (𝜑) . . . . . . . .
\phiup (φ) . . . . . .
122 \PHoxBack (n) . . . . . . . . 138
226
138 \PHpapyrus (k) . . . . . . . . 138
see
\PHpedestrian (A) . . . . 138
\PHplaneTree (i) . . . . . . 138
\PHplumedHead (B) . . . 138
\PHram (d) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHrosette (l) . . . . . . . 138
\PHsaw (P) . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHshield (L) . . . . . . . . 138
\PHship (Y) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHsling (V) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHsmallAxe (r) . . . . . . 138
\PHstrainer (q) . . . . . 138
\PHtattooedHead (C) . . 138
\PHtiara (I) . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHtunny (g) . . . . . . . . 138
\PHvine (j) . . . . . . . . . . 138
\PHwavyBand (s) . . . . . . . 138
\PHwoman (F) . . . . . . . . . 138
physical symbols . . . . . . . 118
\Pi (Π) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\pi (𝜋) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\pi (π) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
“pi” fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
piano ( ) . . . . . . . . 152, 163
\Pickup (A) . . . . . . . . . . 123
pict2e (package) . . . . . . . . 119
pifont (package) . 15, 126–131,
136, 137, 186, 191, 202,
209, 226
pigpen (package) . . . 174, 226
pigpen cipher . . . . . . . . . 174
. . . . . 138 {\pigpenfont A} (A) . . . 174
. . . . . 88 {\pigpenfont B} (B) . . . 174
. . . . . 88 {\pigpenfont C} (C) . . . 174
. . . . . 89 {\pigpenfont D} (D) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont R} (R) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont S} (S) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont T} (T) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont U} (U) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont V} (V) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont W} (W) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont X} (X) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont Y} (Y) . . . 174
{\pigpenfont Z} (Z) . . . 174
pilcrow . . . . . . . . . . . . see \P
pipe . . . . . . . . see \textpipe
\Pisces (ë) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Pisces (M) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Pisces (ë) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\pisces (f) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Pisymbol . . . . . 186–205, 209
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{0} ( )
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{1} ( )

. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{2} ( ) 
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{3} ( ) 
. . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{4} ( )
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{5} () .
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{6} () .
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{7} ()
....... 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{8} ( )
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{9} ( )
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{10} (
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{11} ()
. . . . . . . 188

\PHlid (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . 138 {\pigpenfont E} (E) . . . 174 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{12} ()

{\pigpenfont F} (F) . . . 174 . . . . . . . 188
\PHlily (m) . . . . . . . . . . 138
{\pigpenfont G} (G) . . . 174 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{13} ( )
\PHmanacles (N) . . . . . . 138 {\pigpenfont H} (H) . . . 174 . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{14}
\PHmattock (O) . . . . . . . 138

{\pigpenfont I} (I) . . . 174

( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188

\Phone ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 137 {\pigpenfont J} (J) . . . 174
\phone () . . . . . . . . . . . 164 {\pigpenfont K} (K) . . . 174 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{15} ( )

\PhoneHandset ( ) . . . . . 137 {\pigpenfont L} (L) . . . 174
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{16}
phonetic (package) 18, 22, 209, {\pigpenfont M} (M) . . . 174
(  ) . . . . . . . . . . 188

226 {\pigpenfont N} (N) . . . 174
phonetic symbols . . . . . 16–19 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{17} ( )
\phonon (𝑗) . . . . . . . . . . 125 {\pigpenfont O} (O) . . . 174 . . . . . . . 188
\photon (𝑏) . . . . . . . 118, 125 {\pigpenfont P} (P) . . . 174 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{18}
photons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 {\pigpenfont Q} (Q) . . . 174 
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 188

286
 
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{19} ( )
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{20} ()
. . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{21}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{22} ( )
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{23} ()
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{24}
( ) .......... 188
)
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{25} (
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{26} ()
. . . . . . . 188
 (j) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{27}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{28}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
) \Pisymbol{astrosym}{56} ( )
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{29} (
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{30}
() ........... 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{31} ( ) 
. . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{32}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{33} ( !)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{34}
"
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{35}
(#) . . . . . . . . . . .
189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{36}
($) . . . . . . . . . . .
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{37}
189
(%) . . . . . . . . . . .
189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{38} (&)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{39} (')
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{40} (()
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{47} ( ) / ^
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{94} ( )
. . . . . . . 189 . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{48} (0) \Pisymbol{astrosym}{95} (_)
. . . . . . . 189 . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{49} (1)
d
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{100}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
....... 189
2
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{101}
(e) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{50} ( )
. . . . . . . 189 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{102}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{51} ( ) 3 (f) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{103}
(g) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{52}
4
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 189 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{104}
5 (h) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{53} ( )
. . . . . . . 189 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{105}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{54} (6) (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
....... 189 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{106}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{55} ( ) 7 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{107}
(k) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189
8 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{108}
(l) . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{57}
( 9 ) . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{109}
(m) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{58}
:
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189 (n) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{110}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{59} (;) \Pisymbol{astrosym}{111}
(o) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{60} (<)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{112}
(p) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{61} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{113}
= (q) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{62} ( ) > \Pisymbol{astrosym}{114}
(r) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{115}
(s) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{63}
?
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{64} ( @) \Pisymbol{astrosym}{116}
(t) . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189
A) (u) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{117}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{65} (
. . . . . . . 189 \Pisymbol{astrosym}{118}
(v) . . . . . . . . . . 190
B
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{66} ( )
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{119}
(w) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
. . . . . . . 189
C
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{67} ( )

. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{41} ())
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{42} (*)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{43} (+)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{44} (,)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{45} (-)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{46} (.)
....... 189
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{68} (D)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{69} (E)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{90} (Z)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{91} ([)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{92} (\)
. . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{93} (])
....... 189
(x) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{120}
(y) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{121}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{122}
(z) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{123}
({) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{124}
(|) . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{125}
(}) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
(~) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{126}

287
 
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{127}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
€
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{128}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{129}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{130}
‚
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{131}
(ƒ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
(„) . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{132}
(…) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{133}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{134}
† £
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{135}
‡ (¤) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{136}
ˆ (¥) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{137}
‰ ¦
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Š §
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{138}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
‹ ¨
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{139}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Œ ©
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{140}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{141}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Ž
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{142}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{143}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{astrosym}{144}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
‘
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{145}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
’
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{146}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
“
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{147}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{148}
(”) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{149}
(•) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{150}
(–) . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{151}
(—) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{152}
(˜) . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{153}
(™) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
(š) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{154}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{155}
› È
( ) ........... 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{156} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{201}
œ
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188 É
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{157} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{202}
( ) . . . . . . . . . 188 (Ê) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{158} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{203}
ž
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188 (Ë) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Ÿ
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{159}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{204}
(Ì) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{160}
  \Pisymbol{astrosym}{205}
(Í) . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{161}
¡
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{206}
(Î) . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
¢
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{162}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{207}
(Ï) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{163}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{208}
(Ð) . . . . . . . . . . 189
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{164}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{209}
(Ñ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{165}
(Ò) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{210}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{166}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{211}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189 (Ó) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{167} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{212}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189 (Ô) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{168} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{213}
(Õ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{169}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{214}
(Ö) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{178}
(²) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{215}
(×) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{179}
(³) . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{216}
(Ø) . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{180}
(´) . . . . . . . . . . . 189 (Ù) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{217}
(µ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{181} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{218}
(Ú) . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{182}
(¶) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{219}
(Û) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{183}
(·) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
(Ü) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{220}
(¸) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{184}
(Ý) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{221}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{185}
(¹) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{222}
(Þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{186}
(º) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{223}
(ß) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{187}
(») . . . . . . . . . . . 189
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{224}
(à) . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{188} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{225}
¼
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189 (á) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
½
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{189}
(â) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{226}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
¾
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{190}
(ã) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{227}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
¿ (ä) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{191} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{228}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
(å) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{200} \Pisymbol{astrosym}{229}
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 189
288
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{230} \Pisymbol{cryst}{8} () 202 \Pisymbol{cryst}{85} (U) 202
æ
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190 \Pisymbol{cryst}{9} ( ) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{10} (
) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{87} (W) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{88} (X) 202
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{231}
(ç) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
(è) . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{232}
(é) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{233}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{234}
(ê) . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{235}
(ë) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{236}
(ì) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{237}
(í) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
(î) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{238}
(ï) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{239}
(ð) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{240}
(ñ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{241}
(ò) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{242}
(ó) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{243}
(ô) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{244}
(õ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{245}
(ö) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{246}
(÷) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{247}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{248}
(ø) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{249}
(ù) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{250}
(ú) . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{251}
(û) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{252}
(ü) . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{253}
(ý) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
(þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 190
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{254}
\Pisymbol{astrosym}{255}
ÿ
( ) ........ ... 190
\Pisymbol{cryst}{0} () . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{2} () . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{3} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{4} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{5} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{6} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{7} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{12} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{15} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{20} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{21} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{22} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{24} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{25} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{27} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{28} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{29} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{30} () 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{31} () . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{32} ( ) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{35} (#) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{36} ($) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{37} (%) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{38} (&) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{39} (') 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{40} (() 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{41} ()) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{42} (*) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{43} (+) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{44} (,) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{45} (-) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{47} (/) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{48} (0) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{49} (1) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{50} (2) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{55} (7) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{57} (9) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{58} (:) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{59} (;) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{60} (<) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{61} (=) . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{62} (>) . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{63} (?) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{64} (@) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{65} (A) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{66} (B) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{75} (K) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{77} (M) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{78} (N) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{79} (O) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{80} (P) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{81} (Q) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{82} (R) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{83} (S) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{84} (T) 202
289
\Pisymbol{cryst}{89} (Y) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{95} (_) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{97} (a) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{98} (b) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{99} (c) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{102} (f) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{103} (g) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{104} (h) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{105} (i) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{107} (k) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{108} (l) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{109} (m) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{112} (p) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{113} (q) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{120} (x) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{121} (y) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{123} ({) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{124} (|) 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{125} (}) . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{127} () .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{128} (€) . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{129} () .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{130} (‚) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{131} (ƒ) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{132} („) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{133} (…) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{135} (‡) . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{136} (ˆ) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{137} (‰) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{cryst}{138} (Š) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{139} (‹) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{140} (Œ) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{141} () . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{142} (Ž) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{143} () . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{145} (‘) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{147} (“) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{148} (”) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{149} (•) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{155} (›) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{157} () . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{158} (ž) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{159} (Ÿ) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{175} (¯) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{177} (±) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{178} (²) 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{179} (³) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{185} (¹) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{187} (») .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{188} (¼) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{231} (ç) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{28} ()
 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{cryst}{232} (è) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{29} ()
 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{cryst}{233} (é) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{30} ()
 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{cryst}{236} (ì) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{31} ()
 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{cryst}{240} (ð) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{32} () .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{cryst}{241} (ñ) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{33} ()
! .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{cryst}{242} (ò) . . \Pisymbol{dancers}{34} ()
" .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{243} (ó) \Pisymbol{dancers}{35} ()
# .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{0} ( ) 198 \Pisymbol{dancers}{36} ()
$ .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{1} ( ) 198

. . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{2} ( ) 198
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{37} ()
% .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{3} ( ) 198
 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{4} ( ) 198
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{38} ()
& .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{5} ( ) 198
 . . . . . . . 199
() .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{6} ( ) 198
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{39} '
. . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{7} ( ) 198

\Pisymbol{dancers}{40} () .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{8} ( ) 198
 (
. . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{9} ( ) 198
\Pisymbol{dancers}{10} ( ) .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{41} ()
) .
. . . . . . . 199
. . . . . . . 198
\Pisymbol{dancers}{11} ( ) .
\Pisymbol{dancers}{42} ()
* .
. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{12} ( ) .
\Pisymbol{cryst}{189} (½) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{dancers}{44}
\Pisymbol{cryst}{195} (Ã) . .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{197} (Å) .
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{198} (Æ) . .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{43} ()
+ .
. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{13} ( ) .
()
, .
. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{14} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{45} ()
- .
. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{dancers}{15} ( ) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{46} ()
. .


. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
. . . . . . . 202
\Pisymbol{cryst}{199} (Ç) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{16} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{47} ()
/ .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{202} (Ê) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{17} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{48} ()
0 .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{203} (Ë) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{18} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{49} ()
1 .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{204} (Ì) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{19} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{50} ()
2 .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{210} (Ò) . . \Pisymbol{dancers}{20} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{51} ()
3 .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{212} (Ô) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{21} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{52} ()
4 .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{213} (Õ) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{22} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{53} ()
5 .
. . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{220} (Ü) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{23} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{54} ()
6 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{221} (Ý) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{24} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{55} ()
7 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{223} (ß) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{25} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{56} ()
8 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{224} (à) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{26} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{57} ()
9 .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199
\Pisymbol{cryst}{230} (æ) . \Pisymbol{dancers}{27} ( ) .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{58} ()
: .
. . . . . . . 203 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

290
\Pisymbol{dancers}{59} ()
; . \Pisymbol{dancers}{90} ( )
Z . \Pisymbol{dancers}{121} () .
y

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{60} ()
< . \Pisymbol{dancers}{91} ( )
[ . \Pisymbol{dancers}{122} () .
z

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{61} ()
= . \Pisymbol{dancers}{92} ( )
\ . \Pisymbol{dancers}{123} () .
{

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{62} ()
> . \Pisymbol{dancers}{93} ( )
] . \Pisymbol{dancers}{124} () .
|

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{63} ()
? . \Pisymbol{dancers}{94} ( )
^ . \Pisymbol{dancers}{125} () .
}

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{64} ()
@ . \Pisymbol{dancers}{95} ( )
_ . \Pisymbol{dancers}{126} () .
~

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{65} ()
A . \Pisymbol{dancers}{96} ( )
` . \Pisymbol{dancers}{127} () .


. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{66} ()
B . \Pisymbol{dancers}{97} ( )
a . \Pisymbol{dancers}{128} () .
€

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{67} ()
C . \Pisymbol{dancers}{98} ( )
b . \Pisymbol{dancers}{129} () .


. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{68} ()
D . \Pisymbol{dancers}{99} ( )
c . \Pisymbol{dancers}{130} () .
‚

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{69} ()
E . \Pisymbol{dancers}{100} ( ) d . \Pisymbol{dancers}{131} () .
ƒ

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{70} ()
F . \Pisymbol{dancers}{101} ( ) e . \Pisymbol{dancers}{132} () .
„

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{71} ()
G . \Pisymbol{dancers}{102} ( ) f . \Pisymbol{dancers}{133} () .
…

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{72} ()
H . \Pisymbol{dancers}{103} ( ) g . \Pisymbol{dancers}{134} () .
†

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{73} ()
I . \Pisymbol{dancers}{104} ( ) h . \Pisymbol{dancers}{135} () .
‡

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{74} ()
J . \Pisymbol{dancers}{105} ( ) i . \Pisymbol{dancers}{136} () .
ˆ

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{75} ()
K . \Pisymbol{dancers}{106} ( ) j . \Pisymbol{dancers}{137} () .
‰

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{76} ()
L . \Pisymbol{dancers}{107} ( ) k . \Pisymbol{dancers}{138} () .
Š

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{77} ()
M . \Pisymbol{dancers}{108} ( ) l . \Pisymbol{dancers}{139} () .
‹

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{78} ()
N . \Pisymbol{dancers}{109} ( ) m . \Pisymbol{dancers}{140} () .
Œ

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{79} ()
O . \Pisymbol{dancers}{110} ( ) n . \Pisymbol{dancers}{141} () .


. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{80} ()
P . \Pisymbol{dancers}{111} ( ) o . \Pisymbol{dancers}{142} () .
Ž

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{81} ()
Q . \Pisymbol{dancers}{112} ( ) p . \Pisymbol{dancers}{143} () .


. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{82} ()
R . \Pisymbol{dancers}{113} ( ) q . \Pisymbol{dancers}{144} () .


. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{83} ()
S . \Pisymbol{dancers}{114} ( ) r . \Pisymbol{dancers}{145} () .
‘

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{84} ()
T . \Pisymbol{dancers}{115} ( ) s . \Pisymbol{dancers}{146} () .
’

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{85} ()
U . \Pisymbol{dancers}{116} ( ) t . \Pisymbol{dancers}{147} () .
“

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{86} ()
V . \Pisymbol{dancers}{117} ( ) u . \Pisymbol{dancers}{148} () .
”

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{87} ()
W . \Pisymbol{dancers}{118} ( ) v . \Pisymbol{dancers}{149} () .
•

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{88} ()
X . \Pisymbol{dancers}{119} ( ) w . \Pisymbol{dancers}{150} () .
–

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{89} ()
Y . \Pisymbol{dancers}{120} ( ) x . \Pisymbol{dancers}{151} () .
—

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 199

291
\Pisymbol{dancers}{152} () .
˜ \Pisymbol{dancers}{183} () .
· \Pisymbol{dancers}{214} () .
Ö

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{153} () .
™ \Pisymbol{dancers}{184} () .
¸ \Pisymbol{dancers}{215} () .
×

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{154} () .
š \Pisymbol{dancers}{185} () .
¹ \Pisymbol{dancers}{216} () .
Ø

. . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{155} () .
› \Pisymbol{dancers}{186} () .
º \Pisymbol{dancers}{217} () .
Ù

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{156} () .
œ \Pisymbol{dancers}{187} () .
» \Pisymbol{dancers}{218} () .
Ú

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{157} () .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{188} () .
¼ \Pisymbol{dancers}{219} () .
Û

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{158} () .
ž \Pisymbol{dancers}{189} () .
½ \Pisymbol{dancers}{220} () .
Ü

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{159} () .
Ÿ \Pisymbol{dancers}{190} () .
¾ \Pisymbol{dancers}{221} () .
Ý

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{160} () .
  \Pisymbol{dancers}{191} () .
¿ \Pisymbol{dancers}{222} () .
Þ

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{161} () .
¡ \Pisymbol{dancers}{192} () .
À \Pisymbol{dancers}{223} () .
ß

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{162} () .
¢ \Pisymbol{dancers}{193} () .
Á \Pisymbol{dancers}{224} () .
à

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{163} () .
£ \Pisymbol{dancers}{194} () .
 \Pisymbol{dancers}{225} () .
á

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{164} () .
¤ \Pisymbol{dancers}{195} () .
à \Pisymbol{dancers}{226} () .
â

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{165} () .
¥ \Pisymbol{dancers}{196} () .
Ä \Pisymbol{dancers}{227} () .
ã

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{166} () .
¦ \Pisymbol{dancers}{197} () .
Å \Pisymbol{dancers}{228} () .
ä

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{167} () .
§ \Pisymbol{dancers}{198} () .
Æ \Pisymbol{dancers}{229} () .
å

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{168} () .
¨ \Pisymbol{dancers}{199} () .
Ç \Pisymbol{dancers}{230} () .
æ

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{169} () .
© \Pisymbol{dancers}{200} () .
È \Pisymbol{dancers}{231} () .
ç

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{170} () .
ª \Pisymbol{dancers}{201} () .
É \Pisymbol{dancers}{232} () .
è

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{171} () .
« \Pisymbol{dancers}{202} () .
Ê \Pisymbol{dancers}{233} () .
é

. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{172} () .
¬ \Pisymbol{dancers}{203} () .
Ë \Pisymbol{dancers}{234} () .
ê

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{173} () .
­ \Pisymbol{dancers}{204} () .
Ì \Pisymbol{dancers}{235} () .
ë

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{174} () .
® \Pisymbol{dancers}{205} () .
Í \Pisymbol{dancers}{236} () .
ì

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{175} () .
¯ \Pisymbol{dancers}{206} () .
Î \Pisymbol{dancers}{237} () .
í

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{176} () .
° \Pisymbol{dancers}{207} () .
Ï \Pisymbol{dancers}{238} () .
î

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{177} () .
± \Pisymbol{dancers}{208} () .
Ð \Pisymbol{dancers}{239} () .
ï

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{178} () .
² \Pisymbol{dancers}{209} () .
Ñ \Pisymbol{dancers}{240} () .
ð

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 199

\Pisymbol{dancers}{179} () .
³ \Pisymbol{dancers}{210} () .
Ò \Pisymbol{dancers}{241} () .
ñ

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 200

\Pisymbol{dancers}{180} () .
´ \Pisymbol{dancers}{211} () .
Ó \Pisymbol{dancers}{242} () .
ò

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 200

\Pisymbol{dancers}{181} () .
µ \Pisymbol{dancers}{212} () .
Ô \Pisymbol{dancers}{243} () .
ó

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 200

\Pisymbol{dancers}{182} () .
¶ \Pisymbol{dancers}{213} () .
Õ \Pisymbol{dancers}{244} () .
ô

. . . . . . . 198 . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . 200

292
\Pisymbol{dancers}{245} () .
õ \Pisymbol{dice3d}{109} ( m) \Pisymbol{dingbat}{99}
. . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{dancers}{246} () .
ö
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{110} ( n) ( c
) . . . . . . . . . 194
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 203 \Pisymbol{dingbat}{100}
\Pisymbol{dancers}{247}
. . . . . . . 200
() .
÷

\Pisymbol{dice3d}{111} (
. . . . . . . 203
o) ( d
) . . . . . . . . . 194
\Pisymbol{dancers}{248} () . \Pisymbol{dingbat}{101}
p)
ø

. . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{dancers}{249} () .
ù
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{112} (
. . . . . . . 203 ( e
) . . . . . . . . . 194
. . . . . . . 200 \Pisymbol{dice3d}{113} ( q) \Pisymbol{dingbat}{102}
\Pisymbol{dancers}{250}
. . . . . . . 200
() .
ú . . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{114} ( r)
( f
) . . . . . . . . . 194
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{103}
\Pisymbol{dancers}{251} () .
g
û
. . . . . . . 203
. . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{dancers}{252} () .
ü
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{115} ( s) ( ) . . . . . . . . . 194
. . . . . . . 203 \Pisymbol{dingbat}{104}
. . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{dancers}{253}
. . . . . . . 200
() .
ý
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{116} (
. . . . . . . 203
t) (h) ......... 194

\Pisymbol{dancers}{254} () .
þ \Pisymbol{dice3d}{117} (
. . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{dancers}{255} () .
ÿ
. . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{49} ( 1) .
. . . . . . . 203
2)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{50} ( .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{51} (3) . . . . . . . . 203
. . . . . . . 203
4)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{52} ( .
. . . . . . . 203
5)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{53} ( .
. . . . . . . 203
6)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{54} ( .
. . . . . . . 203
a)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{97} ( .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{98} (
. . . . . . . 203
b) . (G
c)
) .
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{99} ( .
. . . . . . . 203
d)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{100} (
. . . . . . . 203
e)
u) \Pisymbol{fselch}{0} (
. . . . . . . 204
) ..
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{118} ( v) \Pisymbol{fselch}{1} (
) . .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{2} () . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{119} ( w)
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{3} () . .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{120} ( x) . . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{4} () . .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{69}
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{5} () . .
(E ) ... 194 . . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{6} () . .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{70}
. . . . . . . 204
F
( ) ... 194 \Pisymbol{fselch}{7} () . .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{71} . . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{8} () . .
) ... 194
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{9} ( ) . .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{72}
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{10} (
(H ) ... 194 . . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{11} () .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{74}
J
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{101} (
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{102} ( f)
) .
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{103} ( g)
. . . . . . . 203
h)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{104} (
. . . . . . . 203
i)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{105} (
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{106} ( j)
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{107} ( k)
. . . . . . . 203
l)
\Pisymbol{dice3d}{108} (
. . . . . . . 203
\Pisymbol{fselch}{12} () .
( ) ... 194
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{75} . . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{13} (
(K ) ... 194 . . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{14} () .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{76}
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{15} () .
(L ) ... 194
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{16} () .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{77}
M
. . . . . . . 204
( ) ... 194 \Pisymbol{fselch}{17} () .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{97} . . . . . . . 204
(a) . . . . . . . . . 194 \Pisymbol{fselch}{18} () .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{19} () .
\Pisymbol{dingbat}{98}
(b) . . . . . . . . .
194 ....... 204
293
\Pisymbol{fselch}{20} ( ) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{48} ( 0) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{76} ( L) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{21} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{49} (1) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{77} (M) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{22} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{50} (2) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{78} (N) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{23} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{51} (3) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{79} (O) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{24} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{52} (4) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{80} (P) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{25} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{53} (5) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{81} (Q) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{26} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{54} (6) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{82} (R) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{27} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{55} (7) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{83} (S) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{28} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{56} (8) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{84} (T) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{29} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{57} (9) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{85} (U) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{30} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{58} (:) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{86} (V) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{31} () . \Pisymbol{fselch}{59} (;) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{87} (W) .
....... 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{32} ( ) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{60} (<) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{88} (X) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{33} ( !) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{61} (=) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{89} (Y) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{34} (") . \Pisymbol{fselch}{62} (>) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{90} (Z) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{35} (#) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{63} (?) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{91} ([) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{36} ($) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{64} (@) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{92} (\) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{37} (%) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{65} (A) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{93} (]) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{38} (&) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{66} (B) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{94} (^) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{39} (') . \Pisymbol{fselch}{67} (C) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{95} (_) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{40} (() . \Pisymbol{fselch}{68} (D) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{96} (`) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{41} ()) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{69} (E) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{97} (a) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{42} (*) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{70} (F) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{98} (b) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{43} (+) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{71} (G) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{99} (c) .
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{44} (,) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{72} (H) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{100} (d)
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{45} (-) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{73} (I) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{101} (e)
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{46} (.) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{74} (J) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{102} (f)
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{47} (/) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{75} (K) . \Pisymbol{fselch}{103} (g)
....... 205 ....... 205 ....... 205

294
\Pisymbol{fselch}{104} (h) \Pisymbol{fselch}{132} („) \Pisymbol{fselch}{234} (ê)
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{105} (i) \Pisymbol{fselch}{133} (…) \Pisymbol{fselch}{240} (ð)
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{106} (j) \Pisymbol{fselch}{134} (†) \Pisymbol{fselch}{246} (ö)
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{107} (k) \Pisymbol{fselch}{135} (‡) \Pisymbol{greenpoint}{71}
(G) . . . . . . . . . . . 186
A
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{108} (l) \Pisymbol{fselch}{136} (ˆ)
\Pisymbol{hands}{65} ( ) . .

B
. . . . . . . 186
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{109} (m) \Pisymbol{fselch}{137} (‰)
\Pisymbol{hands}{66} ( ) . .

C
. . . . . . . 186
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{110} (n) \Pisymbol{fselch}{138} (Š)
\Pisymbol{hands}{67} ( ) . .

D
. . . . . . . 186
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 \Pisymbol{hands}{68} ( ) . .
\Pisymbol{fselch}{111} (o) \Pisymbol{fselch}{139} (‹) . . . . . . . 186
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{112} (p)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{140} (Œ)
\Pisymbol{knot1}{48} (
. . . . . . . 194
0 ) .

. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{113} (q)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{141} ()
\Pisymbol{knot1}{49} (
. . . . . . . 194
1 ) .

2
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{114} (r) \Pisymbol{fselch}{142} (Ž) \Pisymbol{knot1}{50} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 194
3
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{115} (s) \Pisymbol{fselch}{143} () \Pisymbol{knot1}{51} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 194
\Pisymbol{fselch}{116} (t)
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{144} ()
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{knot1}{52} ( 4 ) .

\Pisymbol{fselch}{117} (u) \Pisymbol{fselch}{145} (‘)

. . . . . . . 194

. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 \Pisymbol{knot1}{53} ( 5 ) .

\Pisymbol{fselch}{118} (v) \Pisymbol{fselch}{151} (—)
. . . . . . . 194
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 \Pisymbol{knot1}{58} ( : ) .
\Pisymbol{fselch}{119} (w) \Pisymbol{fselch}{157} () . . . . . . . 194
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{120} (x)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{163} (£)
\Pisymbol{knot1}{59} (
. . . . . . . 194
; ) .

. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{121} (y)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{169} (©)
\Pisymbol{knot1}{60} (
. . . . . . . 194
< ) .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{122} (z)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{175} (¯) \Pisymbol{knot1}{61} (
. . . . . . . 194
= ) .

>
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{123} ({) \Pisymbol{fselch}{180} (´) \Pisymbol{knot1}{62} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{fselch}{124} (|)
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{186} (º)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{knot1}{63} ( ? ) .

\Pisymbol{fselch}{125} (}) \Pisymbol{fselch}{192} (À)

. . . . . . . 195

. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 \Pisymbol{knot1}{64} ( @ ) .

\Pisymbol{fselch}{126} (~) \Pisymbol{fselch}{198} (Æ)
. . . . . . . 195
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 205 \Pisymbol{knot1}{65} ( A ) .
\Pisymbol{fselch}{127} () \Pisymbol{fselch}{204} (Ì) . . . . . . . 195
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{128} (€)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{210} (Ò)
\Pisymbol{knot1}{66} (
. . . . . . . 195
B ) .

. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{129} ()
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{216} (Ø)
\Pisymbol{knot1}{67} (
. . . . . . . 195
C ) .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{fselch}{130} (‚)
. . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{222} (Þ) \Pisymbol{knot1}{68} (
. . . . . . . 194
D ) .

E
. . . . . . . 205 . . . . . . . 205
\Pisymbol{fselch}{131} (ƒ) \Pisymbol{fselch}{228} (ä) \Pisymbol{knot1}{69} ( ) .
....... 205 ....... 205 . . . . . . . 194

295
\Pisymbol{knot1}{70} ( F ) . \Pisymbol{knot1}{102} (f ) \Pisymbol{knot2}{73} ( I ) .

G g J
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{71} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot1}{103} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot2}{74} ( ) .

H h K
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{72} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot1}{104} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot2}{75} ( ) .

I i L
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{73} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot1}{105} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot2}{76} ( ) .

J 0 M
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{74} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{48} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{77} ( ) .

K 1 N
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{75} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{49} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{78} ( ) .

L 2 O
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{76} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{50} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{79} ( ) .

M 3 P
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{77} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{51} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{80} ( ) .

N 4 Q
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{78} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{52} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{81} ( ) .

O 5 R
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{79} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{53} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{82} ( ) .

P : S
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{80} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{58} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{83} ( ) .

Q ; T
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{81} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{59} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{84} ( ) .

R < U
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{82} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{60} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{85} ( ) .

S = V
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{83} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{61} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{86} ( ) .

T > W
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{84} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{62} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{87} ( ) .

U ? X
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{85} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{63} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{88} ( ) .

V @ `
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{86} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{64} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{96} ( ) .

W A a
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{87} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{65} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{97} ( ) .

X B b
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{88} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{66} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{98} ( ) .

` C c
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{96} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{67} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{99} ( ) .

a D d
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{97} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{68} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{100} ( )

b E e
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{98} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{69} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{101} ( )

c F f
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{99} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{70} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{102} ( )

d G g
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{100} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot2}{71} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{103} ( )

e H h
. . . . . . . 194 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195
\Pisymbol{knot1}{101} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot2}{72} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot2}{104} ( )
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195

296
\Pisymbol{knot2}{105} (i ) \Pisymbol{knot3}{76} ( L ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{50} ( 2 ) .

0 M 3
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{48} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{77} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{51} ( ) .

1 N 4
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{49} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{78} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{52} ( ) .

2 O 5
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{50} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{79} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{53} ( ) .

3 P :
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{51} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{80} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{58} ( ) .

4 Q ;
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{52} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{81} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{59} ( ) .

5 R <
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{53} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{82} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{60} ( ) .

: S =
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{58} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{83} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{61} ( ) .

; T >
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{59} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{84} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{62} ( ) .

< U ?
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{60} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{85} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{63} ( ) .

= V @
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{61} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{86} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{64} ( ) .

> W A
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{62} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{87} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{65} ( ) .

? X B
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{63} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{88} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{66} ( ) .

@ ` C
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{64} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{96} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{67} ( ) .

A a D
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{65} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{97} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{68} ( ) .

B b E
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{66} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{98} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{69} ( ) .

C c F
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{67} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{99} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{70} ( ) .

D d G
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{68} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{100} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot4}{71} ( ) .

E e H
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{69} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{101} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot4}{72} ( ) .

F f I
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{70} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{102} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot4}{73} ( ) .

G g J
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{71} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{103} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot4}{74} ( ) .

H h K
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{72} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{104} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot4}{75} ( ) .

I i L
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{73} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot3}{105} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot4}{76} ( ) .

J 0 M
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{74} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{48} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{77} ( ) .

K 1 N
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot3}{75} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{49} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot4}{78} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 195 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196

297
\Pisymbol{knot4}{79} ( O ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{53} ( 5 ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{82} ( R ) .

P : S
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{80} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{58} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{83} ( ) .

Q ; T
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{81} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{59} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{84} ( ) .

R < U
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{82} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{60} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{85} ( ) .

S = V
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{83} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{61} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{86} ( ) .

T > W
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{84} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{62} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{87} ( ) .

U ? X
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{85} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{63} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{88} ( ) .

V @ `
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{86} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{64} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{96} ( ) .

W A a
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{87} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{65} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{97} ( ) .

X B b
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{88} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{66} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{98} ( ) .

` C c
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{96} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{67} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{99} ( ) .

a D d
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{97} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{68} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{100} ( )

b E e
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{98} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{69} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{101} ( )

c F f
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{99} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{70} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{102} ( )

d G g
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{100} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot5}{71} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{103} ( )

e H h
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{101} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot5}{72} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{104} ( )

f I i
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{102} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot5}{73} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{105} ( )

g J 0
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{103} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot5}{74} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{48} ( ) .

h K 1
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{104} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot5}{75} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{49} ( ) .

i L 2
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot4}{105} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot5}{76} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{50} ( ) .

0 M 3
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot5}{48} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{77} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{51} ( ) .

1 N 4
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196
\Pisymbol{knot5}{49} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{78} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{52} ( ) .

2 O 5
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot5}{50} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{79} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{53} ( ) .

3 P :
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot5}{51} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{80} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{58} ( ) .

4 Q ;
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot5}{52} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot5}{81} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{59} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197

298
\Pisymbol{knot6}{60} ( < ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{85} ( U ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{63} ( ? ) .

= V @
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{61} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{86} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{64} ( ) .

> W A
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{62} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{87} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{65} ( ) .

? X B
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{63} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{88} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{66} ( ) .

@ ` C
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{64} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{96} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{67} ( ) .

A a D
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{65} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{97} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{68} ( ) .

B b E
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{66} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{98} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{69} ( ) .

C c F
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{67} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{99} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{70} ( ) .

D d G
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{68} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{100} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot7}{71} ( ) .

E e H
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{69} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{101} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot7}{72} ( ) .

F f I
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{70} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{102} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot7}{73} ( ) .

G g J
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{71} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{103} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot7}{74} ( ) .

H h K
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{72} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{104} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot7}{75} ( ) .

I i L
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{73} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot6}{105} ( ) \Pisymbol{knot7}{76} ( ) .

J 0 M
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{74} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{48} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{77} ( ) .

K 1 N
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{75} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{49} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{78} ( ) .

L 2 O
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{76} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{50} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{79} ( ) .

M 3 P
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{77} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{51} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{80} ( ) .

N 4 Q
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{78} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{52} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{81} ( ) .

O 5 R
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{79} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{53} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{82} ( ) .

P : S
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{80} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{58} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{83} ( ) .

Q ; T
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{81} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{59} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{84} ( ) .

R < U
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{82} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{60} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{85} ( ) .

S = V
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{83} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{61} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{86} ( ) .

T > W
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot6}{84} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{62} ( ) . \Pisymbol{knot7}{87} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 196 . . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 197

299
\Pisymbol{knot7}{88} ( X ) . X
\Pisymbol{magic}{88} ( ) . .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{64} (@) . .
. . . . . . . 187

`
. . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{knot7}{96} ( ) .
Z
\Pisymbol{magic}{90} ( ) . . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{65} (A) .
. . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{66} (B) . .
a
. . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{moonphase}{0} ( )
\Pisymbol{knot7}{97} ( ) . . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 188

\Pisymbol{nkarta}{67} (C) .

b
. . . . . . . 197 \Pisymbol{moonphase}{1} ( ) . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 188 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{68} (D) .

\Pisymbol{knot7}{98} ( ) .
\Pisymbol{moonphase}{2} ( )
c
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 188 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{69} (E) .
\Pisymbol{knot7}{99} ( ) .

\Pisymbol{moonphase}{3} ( ) . . . . . . . 187

d
. . . . . . . 197
. . . . . . . 188 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{70} (F) .
\Pisymbol{knot7}{100} ( ) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{33} (!) . . . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{71} (G) . .
e
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{34} (") . . . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{knot7}{101} ( )
. . . . . . . 186 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{72} (H) .

f
. . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{35} (#) . . . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{knot7}{102} ( ) . . . . . . . 186 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{73} (I) .
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{36} ($) . .
g
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 186 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{74} (J) .
\Pisymbol{knot7}{103} ( )
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{37} (%) . . . . . . . . . 187

h
. . . . . . . 197
. . . . . . . 186 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{75} (K) 187
\Pisymbol{knot7}{104} ( ) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{38} (&) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{76} (L) .
. . . . . . . 187

i
. . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{39} (') . . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{77} (M) . .
\Pisymbol{knot7}{105} ( )
. . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 197
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{40} (() 186 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{78} (N) .
\Pisymbol{magic}{48} ( 0) .. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{41} ()) 186 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{42} (*) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{79} (O)
\Pisymbol{magic}{49} (1) .. . . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{43} (+) . . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{80} (P) .
\Pisymbol{magic}{50} (2) .. . . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{44} (,) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{81} (Q) .
\Pisymbol{magic}{51} (3) . . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . . 187
..
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{45} (-) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{82} (R) .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{magic}{52} (4)
. . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . . 187
.. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{83} (S) .
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{46} (.) .
. . . . . . . 204
\Pisymbol{magic}{53} (5)
. . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . . 187
.. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{47} (/) . . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{84} (T) .
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{54} (6)
. . . . . . . 186
.. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{48} (0) 186 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{85} (U) .
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{49} (1) 186 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{55} (7) .. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{50} (2) 187 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{86} (V) . .
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{51} (3) 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{56} (8) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{52} (4) 187 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{87} (W) .
..
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{53} (5) 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{88} (X) .
\Pisymbol{magic}{57} (9)
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{54} (6) 187
.. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{55} (7) 187 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{56} (8) 187 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{89} (Y) .
\Pisymbol{magic}{66} (B) .. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{57} (9) 187 . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{58} (:) . . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{90} (Z) 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{71} (G) .. . . . . . . . 187 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{91} ([) . .
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{59} (;) . . . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{82} (R) .. . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{92} (\)
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{60} (<) .
\Pisymbol{magic}{84} (T)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
..
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{61} (=) . .
. . . . . . . 204 \Pisymbol{nkarta}{93} (]) 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{85} (U)
. . . . . . . 187
.. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{62} (>) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{94} (^)
. . . . . . . 204 . . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{magic}{87} (W) .. \Pisymbol{nkarta}{63} (?) . . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{95} (_) .
....... 204 . . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187

300
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{96} (`) . .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{97} (a) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{98} (b) . .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{99} (c) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{100} (d)
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{101} (e) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{102} (f) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{103} (g) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{104} (h) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{105} (i)
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{106} (j) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{107} (k) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{108} (l)
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{109} (m) .
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{110} (n)
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{111} (o)
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{112} (p)
. . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{113} (q)
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{114} (r) .
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{115} (s)
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{116} (t) .
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{117} (u)
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{118} (v)
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{119} (w)
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{120} (x) .
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{121} (y) .
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{122} (z) .
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{123}
({) . . . . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{124} (|)
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{125} (})
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{126} (~) .
. . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{161} (¡) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{192} (À) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{162} (¢) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{193} (Á) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{163} (£) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{194} (Â)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{164} \Pisymbol{nkarta}{195} (Ã) .
(¤) . . . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{165} \Pisymbol{nkarta}{196} (Ä)
(¥) . . . . . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{166} \Pisymbol{nkarta}{197} (Å) .
(¦) . . . . . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{167} (§) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{198} (Æ)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{168} (¨) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{199} (Ç)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{169} (©) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{200} (È)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{170} (ª) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{201} (É) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{171} («) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{202} (Ê)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{172} (¬) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{203} (Ë)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{173} (­) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{204} (Ì)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{174} (®) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{205} (Í)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{175} (¯) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{206} (Î) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{176} (°) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{207} (Ï) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{177} (±) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{208} (Ð)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{178} (²) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{209} (Ñ)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 186
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{179} (³) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{210} (Ò)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{180} (´) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{211} (Ó)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{181} (µ) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{212} (Ô)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{182} (¶) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{213} (Õ)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{183} (·) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{214} (Ö) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{184} (¸) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{215} (×) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{216} (Ø)
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{185} (¹)
. . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . 187
(º) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{217} (Ù)
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{186}
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
(») \Pisymbol{nkarta}{218} (Ú) .
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{187}
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{188} (¼) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{219} (Û)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{189} (½) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{220} (Ü)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{190} (¾) . \Pisymbol{nkarta}{221} (Ý)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{191} (¿) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{222} (Þ)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187
301
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{223} (ß) \Pisymbol{nkarta}{254} (þ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{80} (P) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{224} (à) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{34} () . . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{81} (Q)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{225} (á) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{35} (#) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{82} (R)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{226} (â) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{36} ($) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{83} (S)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{227} (ã) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{42} (*) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{84} (T) .
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{228} (ä) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{46} (.) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{85} (U)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{229} (å) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{48} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{86} (V) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($0#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{230} (æ) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{49} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{87} (W) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($1#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{231} (ç) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{50} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{88} (X) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($2#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{232} (è) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{51} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{89} (Y)
. . . . . . . 187 ($3#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{233} (é) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{52} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{90} (Z) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($4#) . . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{234} (ê) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{53} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{97} (a) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($5#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{235} (ë) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{54} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{98} (b) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($6#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{236} (ì) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{55} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{99} (c) .
. . . . . . . 187 ($7#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{237} (í) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{56} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{100} (d)
. . . . . . . 187 ($8#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{238} (î) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{57} \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{101} (e)
. . . . . . . 187 ($9#) . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{239} (ï) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{65} (A) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{102} (f)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{240} (ð) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{66} (B) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{103} (g)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{241} (ñ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{67} (C) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{104} (h)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{242} (ò) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{68} (D) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{105} (i)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{243} (ó) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{69} (E) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{106} (j)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{244} (ô) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{70} (F) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{107} (k)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{245} (õ) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{71} (G) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{108} (l)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{246} (ö) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{72} (H) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{109} (m)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{247} (÷) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{73} (I) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{110} (n)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{248} (ø) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{74} (J) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{111} (o)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{249} (ù) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{75} (K) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{112} (p)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{250} (ú) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{76} (L) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{113} (q)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{251} (û) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{77} (M) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{114} (r)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{252} (ü) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{78} (N) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{115} (s)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{nkarta}{253} (ý) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{79} (O) . \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{116} (t)
. . . . . . . 187 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200

302
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{117} (u) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{153} (Ź) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{187} (ż)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{118} (v) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{154} (Ž) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{192} (À)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{119} (w) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{155} (Ż) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{193} (Á)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{120} (x) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{157} (İ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{194} (Â)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{121} (y) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{158} (đ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{195} (Ã)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{122} (z) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{160} (ă) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{196} (Ä)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{126} (˜) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{161} (ą) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{197} (Å)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{128} (Ă) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{162} (ć) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{199} (Ç)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{129} (Ą) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{163} (č) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{200} (È)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{130} (Ć) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{164} (ď) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{201} (É)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{131} (Č) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{165} (ě) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{202} (Ê)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{132} (Ď) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{166} (ę) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{203} (Ë)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{133} (Ě) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{167} (ğ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{204} (Ì)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{134} (Ę) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{168} (ĺ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{205} (Í)
. . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{135} (Ğ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{169} (ľ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{206} (Î)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{136} (Ĺ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{170} (ł) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{207} (Ï)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{137} (Ľ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{171} (ń) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{209} (Ñ)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{138} (Ł) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{172} (ň) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{210} (Ò)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{139} (Ń) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{174} (ő) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{211} (Ó)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{140} (Ň) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{175} (ŕ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{212} (Ô)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{142} (Ő) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{176} (ř) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{213} (Õ)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{143} (Ŕ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{177} (ś) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{214} (Ö)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{144} (Ř) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{178} (š) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{216} (Ø)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{145} (Ś) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{179} (ş) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{217} (Ù)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{146} (Š) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{180} (ť) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{218} (Ú)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{147} (Ş) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{181} (ţ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{219} (Û)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{148} (Ť) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{182} (ű) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{220} (Ü)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{149} (Ţ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{183} (ů) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{221} (Ý)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{150} (Ű) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{184} (ÿ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{224} (à)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{151} (Ů) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{185} (ź) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{225} (á)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{152} (Ÿ) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{186} (ž) \Pisymbol{smfpr10}{226} (â)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . 201

303
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{227} (ã) \Pisymbol{umranda}{7} ( ) . \Pisymbol{umranda}{35} ( #)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{228} (ä)
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{umranda}{8} () . \Pisymbol{umranda}{36} ( $)
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{9} ( ) . %)
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{229} (å)
. . . . . . . 201 \Pisymbol{umranda}{37} (
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{10} (
) &)
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{231} (ç)
. . . . . . . 201 \Pisymbol{umranda}{38} (
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{232} (è) . . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201 \Pisymbol{umranda}{11} () \Pisymbol{umranda}{39} ( ')
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{233} (é) . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{12} ()
. . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{234} (ê) . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{40} ( ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{13} ( )
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{235} (ë)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{41} ( ))
\Pisymbol{umranda}{14} ()
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{236} (ì)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{42} ( *)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{15} ()
. . . . . . . 192
+)
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{237} (í)
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{43} (
\Pisymbol{umranda}{16} ()
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{238} (î) . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201
. . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{44} ( ,)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{17} ()
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{239} (ï) . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{241} (ñ) . . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{45} ( -)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{18} () . . . . . . . 192
.)
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{242} (ò) . . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{46} (
\Pisymbol{umranda}{19} ()
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{243} (ó) . . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{47} ( /)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{20} ()
. . . . . . . 201
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{244} (ô)
. . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{48} ( 0)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{21} ()
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{245} (õ) . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192 1)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{22} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{49} (
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{246} (ö) . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{50} ( 2)
\Pisymbol{umranda}{23} ()
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{248} (ø) . . . . . . . 192
3
. . . . . . . 201
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{24} ()
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{249} (ù) \Pisymbol{umranda}{51} ( )
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 192
4
\Pisymbol{umranda}{25} ()
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{250} (ú) \Pisymbol{umranda}{52} ( )
. . . . . . . 201 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{251} (û) . . . . . . . 192
5
\Pisymbol{umranda}{53}
. . . . . . . 201 \Pisymbol{umranda}{26} () ( ) . . . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{252} (ü) . . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umranda}{54}
\Pisymbol{umranda}{27} () 6)
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{smfpr10}{253} (ý) ( .......... 192
. . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 201
\Pisymbol{umranda}{0} ( ) .
\Pisymbol{umranda}{28} () \Pisymbol{umranda}{55} ( 7)
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{29} ()
. . . . . . . 192


\Pisymbol{umranda}{1} ( ) .
\Pisymbol{umranda}{56}
. . . . . . . 192 8
\Pisymbol{umranda}{30} ()
. . . . . . . 192 ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 192

\Pisymbol{umranda}{2} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{57} ( ) 9
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{31} ()
. . . . . . . 192

\Pisymbol{umranda}{3} ( ) .
....... 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{58} ( ) :
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192

\Pisymbol{umranda}{4} ( ) . \Pisymbol{umranda}{32} ( ) \Pisymbol{umranda}{59} ( ) ;
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192

\Pisymbol{umranda}{5} ( ) . \Pisymbol{umranda}{33} (!) \Pisymbol{umranda}{60} ( ) <
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 192

\Pisymbol{umranda}{6} ( ) . \Pisymbol{umranda}{34} (") \Pisymbol{umranda}{61} ( ) =
. . . . . . . 192 ....... 192 . . . . . . . 192

304
\Pisymbol{umranda}{62} (>)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{63} (?)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{64} (@)
. . . . . . . 192
A
\Pisymbol{umranda}{65}
( ) ......... 192
B \Pisymbol{umrandb}{19} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{66}
( ) ......... 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{67} ( C)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{68} ( ) D . . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 192
E
\Pisymbol{umranda}{69}
( ) . . . . . . . . . 192
F a
\Pisymbol{umranda}{70}
( ) . . . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{71} ( G)
. . . . . . . 192
H \Pisymbol{umranda}{99} ( )
\Pisymbol{umranda}{72} ( )
. . . . . . . 192
I
\Pisymbol{umranda}{73}
( ) . . . . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{74} (J)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{75} (K)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{76} (L)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{77} (M)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{78} (N)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{79} (O)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{80} (P)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{81} (Q)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{82} (R)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{83} (S)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{84} (T)
. . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umranda}{85} (U)
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{89} ( ) Y \Pisymbol{umrandb}{15} ()
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{16} ()
. . . . . . . 192
Z
\Pisymbol{umranda}{90}
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{17} ()
( ) . . . . . . . . . 192
[
\Pisymbol{umranda}{91}
( ) . . . . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{18} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{92} ( \) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{93} ( ) ] . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{20} ()
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{94} ( ) ^ . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{21} ()
_ . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{22} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{95} ( )
. . . . . . . 192
` . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{23} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{96} ( )
. . . . . . . 192
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{24} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{97} ( )
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{98} ( ) b . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{25} ()
c . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{26} ()
\Pisymbol{umranda}{100} ( ) d . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{27} ()
. . . . . . . 192
\Pisymbol{umranda}{101} ( ) e . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 192 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{28} ()
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{0} ( ) . . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{29} ()
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{1} ( ) .
. . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{30} ()
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{2} ( ) .  . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{31} ()
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{3} ( ) .  ....... 193
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{4} ( ) .  \Pisymbol{umrandb}{32} (
. . . . . . . 193
)
!)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{5} ( ) .  \Pisymbol{umrandb}{33} (
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{34} (")
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{6} ( ) .  . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{35} (#)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{7} ( ) .  . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{36} ($)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{8} ( ) .  . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{37} (%)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{9} ( ) . . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{38} (&)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{10} ( )
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{11} ( )  \Pisymbol{umrandb}{39} (')
. . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193
 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{40} (()
V
\Pisymbol{umranda}{86}
( ) ......... 192 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{12} ( )
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
W
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{41} ())
\Pisymbol{umranda}{87}
( ) ......... 192 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{13} ( )
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umranda}{88} ( X) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{14} ( )  \Pisymbol{umrandb}{42} (*)
. . . . . . . 192 . . . . . . . 193 ....... 193

305
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{43} (+) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{71} (G) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{99} (c)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{44} (,) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{72} (H) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{100} (d)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{45} (-) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{73} (I) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{101} (e)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{46} (.) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{74} (J) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{102} (f)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{47} (/) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{75} (K) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{103} (g)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{48} (0) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{76} (L) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{104} (h)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{105} (i)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{49} (1) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{77} (M)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{106} (j)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{50} (2) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{78} (N)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{107} (k)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{51} (3) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{79} (O)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{108} (l)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{52} (4) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{80} (P)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{109} (m)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{53} (5) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{81} (Q)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{110} (n)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{54} (6) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{82} (R)
. . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{111} (o)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{55} (7) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{83} (S) . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{112} (p)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{56} (8) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{84} (T) . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{113} (q)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{57} (9) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{85} (U) . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{114} (r)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{58} (:) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{86} (V) . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{115} (s)
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{59} (;) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{87} (W) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{116} (t)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{60} (<) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{88} (X) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{117} (u)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{61} (=) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{89} (Y) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{118} (v)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{62} (>) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{90} (Z) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{119} (w)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{63} (?) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{91} ([) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{120} (x)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{64} (@) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{92} (\) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{121} (y)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{65} (A) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{93} (]) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{122} (z)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{66} (B) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{94} (^) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{umrandb}{123} ({)
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{67} (C) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{95} (_) . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{47}
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{68} (D) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{96} (`)
(/) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{48}
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{69} (E) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{97} (a)
(0) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{49}
. . . . . . . 193 . . . . . . . 193 (1) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{umrandb}{70} (F) \Pisymbol{umrandb}{98} (b) \Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{50}
....... 193 ....... 193 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . 191

306
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{51}
(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{52}
(4) . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{53}
(5) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{54}
(6) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{55}
(7) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{56}
(8) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{57}
(9) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{65}
(A) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{66}
(B) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{67}
(C) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{68}
(D) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{69}
(E) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{70}
(F) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{71}
(G) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{72}
(H) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{73}
(I) . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{74}
(J) . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{75}
(K) . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{76}
(L) . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{77}
(M) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{78}
(N) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{79}
(O) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{80}
(P) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{81}
(Q) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{82}
(R) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{83}
(S) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{84}
(T) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{85}
(U) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{86}
(V) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{87}
(W) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{88}
(X) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{89}
(Y) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{90}
(Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{91}
([) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{93}
(]) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{97}
(a) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{98}
(b) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{99}
(c) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{100}
(d) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{101}
(e) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{102}
(f) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{103}
(g) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{104}
(h) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{105}
(i) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{106}
(j) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{107}
(k) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{108}
(l) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{109}
(m) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{110}
(n) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{111}
(o) . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{112}
(p) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{113}
(q) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{114}
(r) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{115}
(s) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{116}
(t) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{117}
(u) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{118}
(v) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{119}
(w) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{120}
(x) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{121}
(y) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\Pisymbol{WebOMintsGD}{122}
(z) . . . . . . . . . . . 191
\pitchfork (&) . . . . . . . . 113
\pitchfork (t) . . . . . . . . 47
\pitchfork (ß) . . . . . . . . 54
307
\pitchfork (⋔) . . . . . . . . 86
\pitchfork (⋔) . . . . . . . . 84
\pitchfork (⋔) . . . . . . . . 55
pitchfork symbols . 47, 84, 86,
113
Pitman’s base 12 symbols 110,
168
\piup (π) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\planck (h̄) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Plane ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 137
planets . . . 119, 120, 188–190
\plasmon (𝑝) . . . . . . . . 125
playing cards . . . . . . 136, 137
Plimsoll line . . . . . . . . . . 211
'
\Plus ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
\plus (+) . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\plus (+) . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
plus-or-minus sign . . . see \pm
(
\PlusCenterOpen ( ) . . . 129
\pluscirc (¯) . . . . . . . . 29
\pluscirc (è) . . . . . . . . . 31
\plusdot (⨥) . . . . . . . . . 31
\plusdot (⨥) . . . . . . . . . 32
\pluseqq (⩲) . . . . . . . . . 32
\plushat (⨣) . . . . . . . . . 32
&
\PlusOutline ( ) . . . . . . 129
plusses . . . . . . . 129, 186–187
\plussim (⨦) . . . . . . . . . 32
\plussubtwo (⨧) . . . . . . . 32
)
\PlusThinCenterOpen ( ) 129
\plustrif (õ) . . . . . . . . . 31
\plustrif (⨨) . . . . . . . . . 32
\Pluto (I) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Pluto (É) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\Pluto (J) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\pluto (\) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\pm (±) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\pm (~) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\pm (±) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\pm (±) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\pm (±) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\pm ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˙
\pmb ¯. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
pmboxdraw (package) 173, 226
\pmod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\pod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\pointer ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 164
pointing finger . . . . . see fists
\PointingHand (Z) . . . . . 165
\pointint (⨕) . . . . . . . . . 43
\pointintsl (⨕) . . . . . . . 45
\pointintup (⨕) . . . . . . . 45
\pointright (☞) . . . . . . . 129
\Poland (ž) . . . . . . . . . . 177
\polaron (𝑘) . . . . . . . . 125
\polishhook (~) . . . . . . . 23
\polter ( ) . . . . . . . . . 107
polutonikogreek (babel package
option) . . . . . 14, 88, 89
polygons . . 132–134, 157–161,
186–187, 202–203
polynom (package) . . . . . . 102 \precneq (⪱) . . . . . . . . . 55 \propto (∝) . . . . . . . . . . 56
polynomial division . . . . . 102 \precneqq () . . . . . . . . 48 proto-Semitic symbols . . . 138
polytonic Greek . . . 14, 88, 89 \precneqq (–) . . . . . . . . . 54 \proton (𝑑) . . . . . . . . . . 125
\portato ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 152 \precneqq (⪵) . . . . . . . 52, 53 protosem (package) . 138, 226
\portatoDown ( ) . . . . . . . 152 \precneqq (⪵) . . . . . . . . . 55 \ProvidesPackage . . . . . . 225
\Portugal (Ÿ) . . . . . . . . . 177 \precnsim (Ä) . . . . . . . . 49 \PrtSc ( PrtSc ) . . . . . . . 122
\Poseidon (§) . . . . . . . . 120 \precnsim () . . . . . . . . 47 \prurel (:) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\positron (𝑚) . . . . . . . . 125 \precnsim (”) . . . . . . . . . 54 \prurel (⊰) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\postalmark (〒) . . . . . . . 114 \precnsim (⋨) . . . . . . . . . 52 \ps ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
#
\Postbox ( ) . . . . . . . . . 175 \precnsim (⋨) . . . . . . . . . 51 pseudographics . . . . . . . . 173
PostScript . 89, 117, 126, 209, \precnsim (⋨) . . . . . . . . . 55 \Psi (Ψ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
218 \precsim (À) . . . . . . . . . 48 \psi (𝜓) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
PostScript fonts . . . . . . . . 126 \precsim (-) . . . . . . . . . 47 \psiup (ψ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\pot ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \precsim (º) . . . . . . . . . 54 psnfss (package) . . . . . . . . 130
\pot ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 \precsim (≾) . . . . . . . . . . 52 PSTricks (package) . . . . . . 181
þ
\Pound ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 25 \precsim (≾) . . . . . . . . . . 50
\precsim (≾) . . . . . . . . . 56
\Psyche (¿) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 \Pu (‰ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\pounds ($) . . . . . . 222, 223 prescription . see \textrecipe \pullback (⟓) . . . . . . . . . 31
power set see alphabets, math present-value symbols 105, 214 \pullback (⟓) . . . . . . . . . 56
\powerset (℘) . . . . . . . . . 91 \prime (′) . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 pullback diagrams . . . . . . 213
\prime (′) . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 pulse diagram symbols . . . 118
\Pp (˙) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\pp (˙˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \prime (′) . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 $
\PulseHigh ( ) . . . . . . . 118
\ppm (˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
˙˙) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\prime (′) . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 %
\PulseLow ( ) . . . . . . . 118
\Ppp (¯
primes . . . . . . . . . . 111–114 punctuation . . . . . . . . . . 15
˙˙
\ppp (˙˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\Printer (Ò) . . . . . . . . . 121 punctum . . . . . . see musixgre
˙
\Pppp (˙˙) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
printer’s fist . . . . . . see fists \Purierstab ( ) . . . . . . . 179
˙
\pppp ( ˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
printer’s flowers . . see fleurons \pushout (⟔) . . . . . . . . . 31
˙
\Ppppp (˙) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
and flowers \pushout (⟔) . . . . . . . . . 56
˙
\ppppp (˙˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
probabilistic independence 212 pushout diagrams . . . . . . 213
˙
\Pr (Pr) ˙ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
probability limit (plim ) . . see \pwedge (U) . . . . . . . . . . 18
𝑛→∞
\Prec (⪻) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \DeclareMathOperator pxfonts (package) . . . . . . . 27,
\prec (≺) . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
∏︀
\prod ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 29, 39, 48, 59, 62, 70, 86,
\prec (≺) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \prod (∏) . . . . . . . . . . . 42 89–91, 112, 116, 136, 206,
\prec (≺) . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \prod (∏) . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 221
∏ \Pxp (˙) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\prec (≺) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\pxp (˙˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\prod ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
\precapprox (Æ) . . . . . . . 48 \PRODI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 ˙
\precapprox (w) . . . . . . . 47
\precapprox (¸) . . . . . . . 54
Q
\PRODI (T) . . . . . . . . . 46 Q.E.D. . . ... . . . . . . . . . 112
\precapprox (⪷) . . . . . . . 52 \Prodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 \QED (∎) . ... . . . . . . . . . 114
\precapprox (⪷) . . . . . . . 50
\Qoppa (]) .. . . . . . . . . . 144
\precapprox (⪷) . . . . . . . 55 \Prodi (R) . . . . . . . . . . 46
\qoppa (*) ... . . . . . . . . . 144
\preccurlyeq (ď) . . . . . . 48 \prodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\qoppa (ϟ) ... . . . . . . . . . 144
\preccurlyeq (4) . . . . . . 47 \prodi (P) . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\preccurlyeq (Î) . . . . . . 54 prodint (package) . . . . 46, 226
\preccurlyeq (≼) . . . . . . 52 product integrals . . . . . . . 46
>
\qp () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\preccurlyeq (≼) . . . . . . 50 \qprime (⁗) . . . . . . . . . . 111
\profline (⌒) . . . . . . . . 114
\preccurlyeq (≼) . . . . . . 55 \profsurf (⌓) . . . . . . . . 114
') . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\QQ (

\precdot (Ì) . . . . . . . . . 48 Project Gutenberg . . . . . . 209
\preceq (⪯) . . . . . . . . . . 46 projective space (P) . . . . see B
\qqs () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\preceq (⪯) . . . . . . . . . . 52 alphabets, math
\preceq (⪯) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \projlim (proj lim) . . . . . 87 @
\qs () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\preceq (⪯) . . . . . . . . . . 55 pronunciation symbols . . . see \qside (M) . . . . . . . . . . . 169
\preceqq () . . . . . . . . . . 48 phonetic symbols \Quadrad (]]) . . . . . . . . . . 100
\preceqq (⪳) . . . . . . . . . . 52 proof, end of . . . . . . . . . . 112 \quadrad (]]) . . . . . . . . . . 100
\preceqq (⪳) . . . . . . . . . 55 proper subset/superset . . . see \Quadras ([[) . . . . . . . . . . 100
\precnapprox (Ê) . . . . . . 49 \subsetneq/\supsetneq \quadras ([[) . . . . . . . . . . 100
\precnapprox () . . . . . . 47 proper vertices . . . . . . . . 125 \quark (𝑂) . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\precnapprox (œ) . . . . . . 54 \PropertyLine (⅊) . . . . . 114 \quarkb (𝑃) . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\precnapprox (⪹) . . . . . . 52 \propfrom (›) . . . . . . . . 52 \quarkc (𝑄) . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\precnapprox (⪹) . . . . . . 51 \propto (9) . . . . . . . . . . 113 \quarkd (𝑅) . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\precnapprox (⪹) . . . . . . 55 \propto (∝) . . . . . . . . . . 46 \quarks (𝑆) . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\precneq (ň) . . . . . . . . . 49 \propto (∝) . . . . . . . . . . 52 \quarkt (𝑇) . . . . . . . . . . . 125
\precneq (⪱) . . . . . . . . 52, 53 \propto (∝) . . . . . . . . . . 50 \quarku (𝑈) . . . . . . . . . . . 125

308
 ⟫
quarter note . . . . see musical \rc (a
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
\rAngle ( ) ......... 98
symbols \rCeil (⌉⌉) . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\quarterNote ( C ) . . . . . . 150 \rangle (⟩) . . . . . . . . . 27, 94 \rceil (⌉) . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\quarternote (♩) . . . . . . 147
\quarternote (♩) . . . . . . . 147 \rangle (⟩) . . . . . . . . . . . 96 \rceil (⌉) ........... 97
\quarternote (♩) . . . . . . . 147 ⎤⎥
\quarterNoteDotted ( u ) . 150 \rceil ( ⎥⎥⎥) . . . . . . . . . . . 95
\rangle (⟩) . . . . . . . . . . . 95 ⌉⎥
\quarterNoteDottedDouble ⟩
( u u ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \rceil ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 97
\quarterNoteDottedDoubleDown \rangle ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 98
uu \rcirclearrowdown (û) . 72
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\quarterNoteDottedDown ( ) .
u \ranglebar (s) . . . . . . . . 96 \rcirclearrowleft (⟲) . 72
. . . . . . . 150 \rcirclearrowright (⤿) 72
C \rcirclearrowup (↺) . . . 72
\quarterNoteDown ( ) . . . 150 \rangledot (⦒) . . . . . . . . 96
quasi-quotation marks (p q) . \rcircleleftint (∳) . 42, 43
. . . . see \ulcorner and \rangledot (⦒) . . . . . . . . 93 \rcircleleftint (∳) . . . . 41
\urcorner \rangledownzigzagarrow (⍼) \rcirclerightint (∳) . 42, 43
quaternions (H) see alphabets, . . . . . . . 112 \rcirclerightint (∳) . . . 41
math \RArrow ( → ) . . . . . . . . 122 \rcorners (w) . . . . . . . . . 93
quaver . see musical symbols \rarrowfill . . . . . . . . . . 106 \rcurvearrowdown (⤹) . . . 72
’
\quaver ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 150 \ratio (:) . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 \rcurvearrowleft (↶) . . 72
’
\quaverDotted (
) . . . . . 150 ½
\RATIONAL ( ) . . . . . . . . . 87 \rcurvearrowne (Ä) . . . . 72
\quaverDottedDouble (
) 150
’
Ñ
\Rational ( ) . . . . . . . . . 87 \rcurvearrownw (Å) . . . . 72
\quaverDottedDoubleDown (  )

rational numbers (Q) . . . . see \rcurvearrowright (À) . . 72
alphabets, math \rcurvearrowse (Ç) . . . . 72
. . . . . . . 150

rationalized Planck constant see \rcurvearrowsw (Æ) . . . . 72
\quaverDottedDown (  ) . . 150
\hbar \rcurvearrowup (Á) . . . . . 72
\quaverDown (  ) . . . . . . . 150
\RB (}) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \rcurvyangle (⧽) . . . . . . 93
\quaverRest ( ) . . . . . . . 151 \rdbrack (w) . . . . . . . . . . 95
\Rbag (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
\quaverRestDotted ( ) . . 151 \rdiagovfdiag (⤫) . . . . . 114
\rbag (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
queen . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205
\rbag (ß) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \rdiagovsearrow (⤰) . . . 81
\questeq (≟) . . . . . . . . . 56 \rbag (⟆) . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 \Rdsh (↳) . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
\Question (⁇) . . . . . . . . 114 \rblackbowtie (í) . . . . . 31 \Rdsh (↳) . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
quilisma . . . . . . see musixgre \rblkbrbrak (⦘) . . . . . . . 93 \Re (ℜ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\Quincunx (o) . . . . . . . . . 120 ⦄ \Re (ℜ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Quine corners (p q) . . . . see \rBrace ( ) ......... 98 ¾
\REAL ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\ulcorner and \urcorner Ò
\Real ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
quotation marks . . 13, 15, 26,
\rbrace (}) .......... 96 real numbers (R) . . . . . . . see
178, 220, 223 alphabets, math
\quotedblbase („) . . . 15, 223 \rbrace (}) . . . . . . . . . . . 97 recipe . . . . . see \textrecipe
⎫
⎪
⎪
\quotesinglbase (‚) . 15, 223 \recorder () . . . . . . . . . 164
\rbrace ( ⎬) . . . . . . . . .
}⎪
⎭
96 u
\Rectangle ( ) . . . . . . . . 135

\R (∼) . . .
R
.. . . . . . . . . . 171 \rbrace ( ) .......... 98 v
\RectangleBold ( ) . . . . . 135
rectangles . 135, 136, 157–161,
\r (å) .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . 19
t
\Rbrack (]) . . . . . . . . . . . 117 186–187
\r (∼) .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . 171 \rBrack (]]) . . . . . . . . . . . 99 \RectangleThin ( ) . . . . . 135
r (r) . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . 116 \Rectpipe (˜) . . . . . . . . . 123

\Radiation ( ) . . . . . . . 166 \rBrack (⟧) .......... 97 \Rectsteel (”) . . . . . . . . 123

A
\radiation (☢) . . . . . . . . 178 recycle (package) . . . 175, 226
\rBrack (⟧) . . . . . . . . . . . 97 \recycle (♻) . . . . . . . . . 178
radicals . see \sqrt and \surd ⟧
\Radioactivity (j) . . . . 124 \rBrack ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 98
\Radix ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\Rain ( \recycle ( ) . . . . 175
\RainCloud () . . . . . . . 166
\rbrack (]) . . . . . . . . . . . 97 \Recycling (Þ) . . . . . . . 175
recycling symbols . . 174, 175,
raindrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 \rbrack (]) . . . . . . . . . . . 97
178, 180–184, 186
raising . . . see \textraising \rbracklrtick (⦎) . . . . . . 93
reduced quadrupole moment see
\RaisingEdge ( ) . . . . . . 118 \rbrackubar (⦌) . . . . . . . 93
\rqm
\Rangle (>) . . . . . . . . . . 117 \rbrackurtick (⦐) . . . . . . 93
\reference (𝑙) . . . . . . . . 125
\rAngle (⟩⟩) . . . . . . . . . . . 99 \Rbrbrak (⟭) . . . . . . . . . . 93
❳ \reflectbox . . . . . . . . . . 209
\rbrbrak ( ) ......... 98 registered trademark . 13, 25,
\rAngle (⟫) . . . . . . . . . . 96
222

309
relational database symbols 114
relational symbols . . . . . . 46
binary . . . 47–51, 54–66,
84–86
negated binary 47–51, 53,
54, 56
triangle . . . . . . . . 66–68
\Relbar (=) . . . . . . . 86, 210
\Relbar (Ô) . . . . . . . . . . 50
) . 79
\Relbar (⇐) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\relbar (−) . . . . . . . 86, 210
\relbar (Ð) . . . . . . . . . . 50
\relbar (←) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
relsize (package) . . . . . . . . 22
¿
\Request ( ) . . . . . . . . . 175
\resizebox . . . . . . . . 84, 206
\Respondens (∼) . . . . . . . 171
\respondens ( ∼) . . . . . . . 171
response ( ) . . . . . . 224, 225
\restoresymbol . . . . . . . 206
\restriction . . . . . . . . . see
\upharpoonright
\restriction (æ) . . . . . . 70
\restriction (↾) . . . . . . 78
\restriction (↾) . . . . . . 74
\restriction (↾) . . . . . . 83
rests . . . see musical symbols
retracting . . . . . . . . . . . . see
\textretracting
\Retrograde (5) . . . . . . . 120
\Return ( ←˒ ) . . . . . . . . 122
return . . . see carriage return
\revangle (⦣) . . . . . . . . . 111
\revangle (⦣) . . . . . . . . . 112
\revangleubar (⦥) . . . . . 112
Ñ \RIGHTcircle (H
Ñ \rhookrightarrow (8) . . 72
\revaw ( ÑÑ) . . . . . . . . . . . 98
\revD () . . . . . . . . . . .
. \rhookswarrow (⤦) . . . . . 76
\revddots ( . . ) . . . . . . .
\reve () . . . . . . . . . . .
\reveject (f) . . . . . . . .
\revemptyset (⦰) . . . . .
\revemptyset (⦰) . . . . .
\revepsilon () . . . . . .
\revepsilon () . . . . . .
reverse solidus . . . . . . . .
\textbackslash
\reverseallabreve ( {)
\reverseC ( T ) ......
reversed symbols . . . . . . .
\reversedvideodbend ( )
\revglotstop (c) . . . . . .
\revmeasuredangle (⦛) . .
\revnmid (⫮) . . . . . . . . . .
\revsphericalangle (⦠) .
\Rewind (¶) . . . . . . . . . .
\RewindToIndex (´) . . .
\RewindToStart (µ) . . . .
\rfbowtie? (⧒) . . . . . . . .
? \rightarrow (→) . . . . . . 69
\rfilet (??) . . . . . . . . . . .
\rFloor (⌋⌋) . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\rfloor (⌋) . . . . . . . . . . . 94
\rfloor (⌋) . . . . . . . . . . . 97
⎥⎥
\rfloor ( ⎥⎥⎥) . . . . . . . . . . 95
⌋⎦
\rfloor ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 97
\rftimes ⎫(⧕) . . . . . . . . . 56
\rgroup (⎭) . . . . . . . . . . 94
⎫ \rightarrowonoplus (⟴)
⎪
⎪
⎪ \rightarrowplus (⥅) . . . 81
\rgroup ( ⎪⎭) . . . . . . . . . . 97
⎫
⎪
\rgroup ( ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎭) . . . . . . . . . 95
⎧ \rightarrowsupset (⭄) . 61
\rgroup ( ⎪) . . . . . . . . . 97
⎩ \rightarrowtail () . . . 69
\RHD () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\rhd (B) . . . . . . . . . . . 28, 29
\rhd (⊳) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
\rhd (⊳) . . . . . . . . . . . 63, 67
\rhd (⊳) . . . . . . . . . . 32, 134
\Rho (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\rho (𝜌) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\rho (ρ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\rhook () . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\rhookdownarrow (;) . . . . 76
\rhookdownarrow (;) . . . . 72
\rhookleftarrow (↩) . . . 76
\rhookleftarrow (↩) . . . 72
\rhooknearrow (⤤) . . . . . 76
\rhooknearrow (⤤) . . . . . 72
\rhooknwarrow (⤣) . . . . . 76
\rhooknwarrow (=) . . . . . 72
\rhookrightarrow (↪) . . 76
\rhooksearrow (⤥) . . . . . 76
. 18 \rhooksearrow (?) . . . . . 72
. 213
\rhookswarrow (⤦) . . . . . 71
. 18
\rhookuparrow (9) . . . . . 76
. 18
. 113
\rhookuparrow (9) . . . . . . 71
\rhoup (ρ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
. 111
\right . . 94, 98, 99, 206, 208
. 18
\rightangle (à) . . . . . . . 111
. 209
\rightangle (∟) . . . . . . . 111
. see
\rightangle (∟) . . . . . . . 115
\rightangle (∟) . . . . . . . 112
. 148 \rightanglemdot (â) . . . . 111
\rightanglemdot (⦝) . . . 111
148 \rightanglemdot (⦝) . . . . 112
209 \rightanglesqr (ã) . . . . 111
164 \rightanglesqr (⦜) . . . . 111
18 \rightanglesqr (⦜) . . . . 112
111 \rightanglesquare (⦜) . . 111
56 \RIGHTarrow () . . . . . . . 164
111 \Rightarrow (⇒) . . . . 27, 69
164 \Rightarrow (⇒) . . . . . . 75
164 \Rightarrow (⇒) . . . . . . 71
164 \Rightarrow (⇒) . . . . . . . 81
56 \rightarrow (Ñ) . . . . . . 70
95 \rightarrow (→) . . . . . . . 75
310
\rightarrow (→) . . . . . . . 71
\rightarrow (→) . . . . . . . 81
\rightarrowapprox (⥵) . 81
\rightarrowbackapprox (⭈) .
. . . . . . . . 81
\rightarrowbar () . . . . 79
\rightarrowbar (⇥) . . . . 81
\rightarrowbsimilar (⭌) 81
\rightarrowcircle (
\rightarrowdiamond (⤞) . 81
\rightarrowgtr (⭃) . . . . 66
81
\rightarrowshortleftarrow
(⥂) . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
\rightarrowsimilar (⥴) . 81
\rightarrowtail (š) . . . 79
\rightarrowtail (↣) . . . 75
\rightarrowtail (↣) . . . 71
\rightarrowtail (↣) . . . 81
\rightarrowTriangle (û) 79
\rightarrowtriangle (_) 70
\rightarrowtriangle (þ) 79
\rightarrowtriangle (⇾) 81
\rightarrowx (⥇) . . . . . . 81
\rightAssert (⊩) . . . . . . 52
\rightassert (⊦) . . . . . . 52
\rightbarharpoon (Ý) . . 71
\rightbkarrow (⇢) . . . . . 75
\rightbkarrow (⤍) . . . . . 81
\rightblackarrow (.) . . 79
\rightblackspoon (l) . . 85
\RIGHTCIRCLE (H) . . . . . . 132
#) . . . . . . 132
\Rightcircle (J) . . . . . . 132
\rightcurvedarrow (↝) . 76
\rightcurvedarrow (⤳) . 81
\rightdasharrow (!) . . . 79
\rightdasharrow (⇢) . . . 81
\rightdbltail (⤜) . . . . . 56
?
\RightDiamond ( ) . . . . . 135
\rightdotarrow (⤑) . . . . 81
\rightdowncurvedarrow (⤷) .
. . . . . . . . 76
\rightdowncurvedarrow (⤷) 81
Ñ
Ñ
\rightevaw ( ÑÑ) . . . . . . . . 98
\rightfilledspoon (p) . 84
\rightfishtail (⥽) . . . . 55
\rightfootline (­) . . . . 52
\rightfootline (x) . . . . 50
\rightfree (€) . . . . . . . . 50
\righthalfcap (⌝) . . . . . 30
\righthalfcup (⌟) . . . . . 30
\righthand (u) . . . . . . . 129
\rightharpoonaccent (⃑) 101
\rightharpoonccw (⇀) . . 74
\rightharpooncw (⇁) . . . 74
\rightharpoondown (ã) . 71
\rightharpoondown (⇁) . 69
\rightharpoondown (‹) . . 80
\rightharpoondown (⇁) . 78 \RightScissors (S) . . . . 127 \RK () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\rightharpoondown (⇁) . 83 \rightslice (3) . . . . . . . 28 \rlap . . 23, 24, 135, 212, 213
\rightslice (Ñ) . . . . . . . 31
⎫
\rightharpoondownbar (⥗) 83 \rmoustache (⎩) . . . . . . . 94
\rightharpoonsupdown (⥤) 83 \rightslice (⪧) . . . . . . . 49
⎫
⎪
\rightharpoonup (á) . . . 71 \rightspoon (⊸) . . . . . . . 85 ⎪
⎪
\rightharpoonup (⇀) . . . 69 \rightspoon (⊸) . . . . . . 84 \rmoustache ( ⎪ ⎩) . . . . . . 97
⎫
⎪
⎪
\rmoustache ( ⎪
\rightharpoonup (Š) . . . 80 \rightsquigarrow (ù) . 70
⎪
⎩) . . . . . . 95
\rightharpoonup (⇀) . . . 78 \rightsquigarrow ( ) . . 69
\rightharpoonup (⇀) . . . 83 \rightsquigarrow () . . 79 ⎫
\rmoustache ( ⎪) . . . . . . 97
\rightharpoonupbar (⥓) . 83 \rightsquigarrow (↝) . . 76 ⎩
\rightharpoonupdash (⥬) 83 \rightsquigarrow (↝) . . 72 \RO () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\rightimply (⥰) . . . . . . . 55 \rightsquigarrow (⇝) 81, 82 rock/paper/scissors . . . . . 129
\rightlcurvearrow (”) . 76 \rightt (o) . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Roman coins . . . . . . . . . . 25
\rightleftarrows (Õ) . . 70 \righttail (⤚) . . . . . . . 55 \Romania ( ) . . . . . . . . . 177
\rightleftarrows () . . 69 \righttherefore ( ) . . . 108 Romanian comma-belo accent
\rightleftarrows (‘) . . 79 \righttherefore ( ) . 29, 108 (a, ) . . . . . . . see accents
\rightleftarrows (⇄) . . 75 \rightthreearrows () . . 79 rook . . . . . . . . . 170, 204–205
\rightleftarrows (⇄) . . 71 \rightthreearrows (⇶) . 81 roots . . . . . . . . . . . see \sqrt
\rightleftarrows (⇄) . . 81 \rightthreetimes (%) . . 113 roshambo . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
\rightleftcurvearrow (¦) 76 \rightthreetimes (i) . . 28 \rotatebox . . . . . . . . 23, 209
\rightleftharpoon (á) . 71 \rightthreetimes (Ô) . . . 31 rotated symbols 16–18, 23, 209
\rightleftharpoons (é) 71 \rightthreetimes (⋌) . . . 31 rotating (package) . . . 26, 122
\rightleftharpoons (
) 69 \rightthreetimes (⋌) . . . 29 \rotm (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\rightleftharpoons (⇀ ↽) 69 \rightthreetimes (⋌) . . 32 \rotOmega (
) . . . . . . . . . 18
\rightleftharpoons (’) . 80 \rightthumbsdown ( d ) . 128 \rotr (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\rightleftharpoons (⇌) . 78 \rightthumbsup ( u ) . . . 128 \rotvara (A) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\rightleftharpoons (⇌) . 74 \righttoleftarrow (ý) . 70 \rotw (w) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\rightleftharpoons (⇌) . 83 \righttoleftarrow (æ) . . 79 \roty (y) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\rightleftharpoonsdown (⥩) \Righttorque (') . . . . . . 123 \RoundedLsteel () . . . . . 123
. . . . . . . . 83 \rightturn (!) . . . . . . . 164 \RoundedLsteel () . . . . . 123
\rightleftharpoonsfill . 106 \rightupcurvedarrow (˜) 76 \RoundedTsteel (Ÿ) . . . . 123
\rightleftharpoonsup (⥨) 83 \rightVDash (⊫) . . . . . . 51 \RoundedTsteel (Ÿ) . . . . 123
\rightleftsquigarrow (↭) 76 \rightVdash (⊩) . . . . . . 51 \RoundedTTsteel (ž) . . . . 123
\rightlsquigarrow (↝) . 76 \rightVdash (⊩) . . . . . . . 49 \Rparen ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 117
\rightlsquigarrow (↝) . . 71 \rightvDash (⊨) . . . . . . . 51 ⦆
\Rightmapsto (⤇) . . . . . 75 \rightvdash (⊢) . . . . . . . 51 \rParen ( ) .......... 97
\rightmapsto (↦) . . . . . . 76 \rightvdash (⊢) . . . . . . . 49
Ð
\rightmapsto (↦) . . . . . . 71 Ð
\rightModels (⊫) . . . . . . 50 \rightwave ( ÐÐ) . . . . . . . . 98 \rparen ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 96
\rightmodels (⊧) . . . . . . 51
\rightwavearrow (↝) . . . 75 \rparen ()) . . . . . . . . . . . 97
\rightmodels (⊧) . . . . . . 50
\rightwavearrow (↝) . . . 81 \rparengtr (⦔) . . . . . . . . 93
\rightmoon (L) . . . . . . . . 120
\rightwhitearrow (ã) . . 79 \Rparenless (⦖) . . . . . . . 93
\rightmoon (☽) . . . . . . . . 120
\rightwhitearrow (⇨) . . 81 \rppolint (⨒) . . . . . . . . . 43
\rightmoon (%) . . . . . . . . 119
\rightwhiteroundarrow (å) 79 \rppolintsl (⨒) . . . . . . . 45
\rightouterjoin (⟖) . . . 114
\rightY (,) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\rightp (w) . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \rppolintup (⨒) . . . . . . . 45
\rightY (() . . . . . . . . . . 29 - ......
\rqm (𝐼) . . . . . . . 211
\rightpentagon (⭔) . . . . 134
rinforzando () . . . . . . . . . 152
\rightpentagonblack (⭓) 134
\ring (˚) . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \rrangle (⟫) ......... 95
\rightpitchfork (t) . . . 86
ring (å) . . . . . . . . see accents
\rightpitchfork (ˆ) . . . 84 \rrangle (⦊) . . . . . . . . . . 93
\rightpointleft ( L ) . . 128
ring equal to . . . see \circeq
\rrbracket () . . . . . . . . 94
N
ring in equal to . see \eqcirc Œ
\rightpointright ( ) . 128 \ringplus (⨢) . . . . . . . . . 32 \rrbracket ( ) . . . . . . . . 99
\rightpropto (Ž) . . . . . . 49 \riota (}) . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\rightrcurvearrow (⤻) . 76 \riota ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \rrceil (W) . . . . . . . . . . . 93
\rightrightarrows (Ñ) . 70 \rip (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 \RRelbar (⭅) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\rightrightarrows (⇒) . 69 \risingdotseq («) . . . . . 48 \Rrelbar (⇚) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\rightrightarrows (•) . . 79 \risingdotseq (:) . . . . . 47 \rrfloor (U) . . . . . . . . . . 93
\rightrightarrows (⇉) . 75 \risingdotseq (Ü) . . . . . 54
\rrhD ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 185
\rightrightarrows (⇉) . . 71 \risingdotseq (≓) . . . . . 51
\rightrightarrows (⇉) . 81 \risingdotseq (≓) . . . . . 49 \rrhDa ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185
\rightrightharpoons (Ù) 71 \risingdotseq (≓) . . . . . 55
\rrhDap ( ) . . . . . . . . 185
\rightrsquigarrow (↝) . 76 \rJoin (Y) . . . . . . . . . . . 48
\rightrsquigarrow (¨) . . 71 \rJoin (⋊) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \rrhDp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185

311
\rrhDs ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \RRightarrow (⭆) . . . . . . 81 S
\Rrightarrow (V) . . . . . 70 \S (§) . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 222
\rrhDsp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185
\Rrightarrow (¯) . . . . . . 79 \S (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

–
\rrhDw ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \Rrightarrow (⇛) . . . . . 75
\Rrightarrow (⇛) . . . . . . 71 \sA ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
\rrhDwp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185
\Rrightarrow (⇛) . . . . . . 81 \SAa (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhE ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 185 \SAb (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrparenthesis (M) . . . . . 93
\rrhEp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \SAd (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrparenthesis (⦈) . . . . . 93
\SAdb (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhF ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 185 \RS (␞) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\SAdd (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rsem (⟧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
\rrhFp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 M
Q
\Sadey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 179
\rsem ( QQ
Q ) ....... . . . . 95 \sadface (☹) . . . . . . . . . 178
\rrhFw ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 O . . . see
\rsemantic \rdbrack \SAf (f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhFwp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 safety-related symbols . . . 124
rsfso (package) . . . . . 116, 226
\Saftpresse ( ) . . . . . . . 179
\rrhL ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 185 \Rsh (é) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
\SAg (g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\Rsh () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
\rrhLa ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \SAga (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\Rsh (Ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
\Sagittarius (V) . . . . . . 120
\rrhLap ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \Rsh (↱) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
\Sagittarius (è) . . . . . . 119
\rrhLp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \Rsh (↱) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 \sagittarius (c) . . . . . . 119
\Rsh (↱) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 \SAh (h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhLs ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rsolbar (⧷) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \SAhd (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhLsp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rsqhook (⫎) . . . . . . . . 55 \SAhu (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rsub (⩥) . . . . . . . . . . . 36
)
\rrhLw ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \SAk (k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rtborder ( . . . . . . . . 171 \SAl (l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhLwp (
\rrhM (
) . . . . . . . . 185
) . . . . . . . . . . 185
\rtbotcorner ( ) . . . . . 171 \SAlq (‘) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\SAm (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rtimes (¸) . . . . . . . . . . 29
\samebishops (s) . . . . . . 169
\rrhMp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rtimes (o) . . . . . . . . . . 28
\Sampi (^) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rtimes (Õ) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\rrhR ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 185 \Sampi (Ϡ) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rtimes (⋊) . . . . . . . . 30, 31
\sampi (+) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhRa ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rtimes (⋊) . . . . . . . . . . 29 \sampi (ϡ) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhRap ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rtimes (⋊) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \SAn (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rtimesblack (ê) . . . . . . 31 sans (dsfont package option) 116
\rrhRp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rtriltri (⧎) . . . . . . . . 68 \sansLmirrored (⅃) . . . . . 114
\rrhRs ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rtriple . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

\sansLturned (⅂) . . . . . . 114
\rrhRsp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rttopcorner ( ) . . . . . 171 \SAo (o) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\RU () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \Sappho (˝) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\rrhRw ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 Rubik’s Cube . . . . . . . . . 185 \SAq (q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhRwp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 rubikcube (package) . 185, 226, \SAr (r) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
227 \sarabfamily . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhSd ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 sarabian (package) . . 144, 226,
\ruledelayed (⧴) . . . . . . 55
\rrhSdp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rupee (|) . . . . . . . . . . . 25 227
\SAs (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhSl ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \RV (|
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\SAsa (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rVert (||) . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\rrhSlp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \SAsd (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rVert (‖) . . . . . . . . . . . 94
∥ \SAsv (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhSr ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 ∥
∥ \SAt (t) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhSrp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rVert ( ∥ ∥
∥) . . . . . ..... 96 \SAtb (J) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rvert (|) . . . . . . . ..... 94 \SAtd (T) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
I) . . . . 137
\rrhSu ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 ∣∣
∣ \satellitedish (
\rrhSup ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rvert ( ∣∣∣) . . . . . . ..... 96 satisfies . . . . . . . see \models
Å
Å
\rrhU ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 185 Å
Å \Saturn (F) . . . . . . . . . . 120
Å
\rrhUa ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rVvert ( Å) . . . . . . . . . 96 \Saturn (S) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\Rvzigzag (⧛) . . . . . . . . . 93 \Saturn (Æ) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\rrhUap ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rvzigzag (⧙) . . . . . . . . . 93 \saturn (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\rrhUp ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rWalley ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179 savesym (package) . . . . . . 206
Ð
Ð \savesymbol . . . . . . . . . . 206
\rrhUs ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185 \rwave ( ÐÐ) . . . . . . ..... 98 \SAw (w) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhUsp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 _
_
\SAy (y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rWavy ( _ _
_) . . . . . ..... 95 \SAz (z) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
^^_
\rrhUw ( ) . . . . . . . . . 185
S
\SAzd (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\rrhUwp ( ) . . . . . . . . 185 \rwavy ( ^^^) . . . . . . ..... 95 \Sborder ( ) . . . . . . . . . 137
^

312

\scalebox . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
scaled (CountriesOfEurope pack-
age option) . . . . . . 178
scaling . . . . . . . . . . 216, 218
mechanical . . . . 216, 218
optical . . . . . . . . . . . 216
\scd () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\scg () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Schaler ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\Schneebesen ( ) . . . . . . . 179
\Schussel ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\schwa (e) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\schwa () . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Schwartz distribution spaces see
alphabets, math
\sci (*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
scientific symbols . . . 118–125,

202–203
\ScissorHollowLeft ( ) 127
\ScissorHollowRight ( ) 127
 \second (2) . . .
\ScissorLeft ( ) . . . . . 127

\ScissorLeftBrokenBottom
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 127
\ScissorLeftBrokenTop ( ) .  section mark . .
. . . . . . . 127


\ScissorRight ( ) . . . . . 127
\ScissorRightBrokenBottom
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 127

\ScissorRightBrokenTop ( )
. . . . . . . 127
scissors . . . . . . . 127, 181–184
\scn (:) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\scoh (˝) . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
\Scorpio (C) . . . . . . . . . 120
\Scorpio (ç) . . . . . . . . . 119
\scorpio (b) . . . . . . . . . 119
\scpolint (⨓) . . . . . . . . . 43
\scpolintsl (⨓) . . . . . . . 45
\scpolintup (⨓) . . . . . . . 45
scr (rsfso package option) . 116
\scr (J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
script letters . . see alphabets,
math
\scripta (
) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\scriptg () . . . . . . . . . . 18
\scriptscriptstyle . . . . 212
\scriptstyle . . . . . . . . . 212
\scriptv (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Scroll ( Scroll ) . . . . . . 122
\scu (W) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\scurel (;) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\scurel (⊱) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\scy (]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\sddtstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
h
\sDep () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\sdststile ( ) ....... 57
\sdtstile ( ) ........ 57
\sdttstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57
seagull . . . see \textseagull
\Searrow (u) . . . . . . . . . 70


\Searrow () . . . . . . ... 79 \semiquaverDottedDown (  ) .
\Searrow (⇘) . . . . . . ... 75 . . . . . . . 150
\Searrow (⇘) . . . . . . ... 71 \semiquaverDown (  ) . . . . 150
\Searrow (⇘) . . . . . . ... 82 \semiquaverRest ( ) . . . . 151
\searrow (Œ) . . . . . . ... 70 \semiquaverRestDotted ( ) .
\searrow (↘) . . . . . . 69, 213 . . . . . . . 151
\searrow (↘) . . . . . . ... 75 \Semisextile (w) . . . . . . 120
\searrow (↘) . . . . . . ... 71 \Semisquare (e) . . . . . . . 120
\searrow (↘) . . . . . . ... 82 semitic transliteration . 19, 23
\searrowtail (') . . . ... 75 \seModels (÷) . . . . . . . . 49
\searrowtail (') . . . ... 71 \semodels (ç) . . . . . . . . 49
\sebkarrow (g) . . . . ... 75 semtrans (package) 19, 23, 226
\sec (sec) . . . . . . . . . ... 87 \senwarrows (‡) . . . . . . 75
\senwarrows (Ÿ) . . . . . . 71
\Sech (ˇ “) ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
== \senwcurvearrow («) . . . 76
\SechBL ( ˇ “ ) . . . . . . . . . . 149
=== \senwharpoons ([) . . . . . 78
\SechBl ( ˇ “ ) . . . . . . . . . . 149 \senwharpoons ([) . . . . . 74
==
\SechBR ( ˇ “ ) . . . . . . . . . . 149 \seovnearrow (⤭) . . . . . . 82
===
\SechBr ( ˇ “ )
.. . . . . . . . . 149 \SePa ( @ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
. . . . . . . . 113 \separated (•) . . . . . . . . 49
seconds, angular see \second separation vector (r) . . . . 116
\secstress (i) . . . . . . . . . 23 \sepitchfork () . . . . . . 84
\seppawns (q) . . . . . . . . 169
. . . . . . see \S
\SectioningDiamond ( ) 166
\Serbia (¡) . . . . . . . . . . . 177
\sercurvearrow (⤷) . . . . 76
\sector (⌔) . . . . . . . . . . 113
sedenions (S) . see alphabets,
\SerialInterface (Î) . . 121
\SerialPort (Ð) . . . . . . . 121
math \sersquigarrow (¯) . . . . 71
\sefilledspoon (w) . . . . 84 \sesearrows () . . . . . . 75
\sefootline () . . . . . . . 49 \sesearrows (—) . . . . . . 71
\sefree (‡) . . . . . . . . . . 49 \sespoon (o) . . . . . . . . . 84
segmented numerals . . . . . 118 \Sesquiquadrate (i) . . . . 120
set interior . . . see \mathring
set operators
\Segno ( n) . . . . . . . . . . . 148 intersection . . . see \cap
membership . . . . see \in
V
\segno () . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 union . . . . . . . . see \cup
\seharpoonccw (G) . . . . . 74 \setminus (∖) . . . . . . . . . 28
\seharpooncw (O) . . . . . . 74 \setminus (\) . . . . . . . . . 30
\seharpoonne (G) . . . . . . 78 \setminus (∖) . . . . . . . . . 30
\setminus (⧵) . . . . . . . . . 32
\seharpoonsw (O) . . . . . . 78
\seVdash (ï) . . . . . . . . . 49
\selcurvearrow (⤵) . . . . 76
\sevdash (ß) . . . . . . . . . 49
\selectfont . . . . . . . . . . 11
\Sextile (r) . . . . . . . . . 120
\selsquigarrow (§) . . . . 71
\Sey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
semaf.fd (file) . . . . . . . . 202
X
semantic valuation . 94, 95, 99 SGML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
sha ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
semaphor (package) . 200, 202,
226 X
\Shake () . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
W
\shake () . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
semaphore symbols . 200–202
\semapsto (/) . . . . . . . . 71
j
\Shakel () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
semibreve see musical symbols
m
\Shakene () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\semibreve ( ) . . . . . . . . 150
k
\Shakenw () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\semibreveDotted ( ) . . 150
l
\Shakesw () . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\sharp (♯) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\sharp (û) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
semidirect products 28, 29, 113
semiquaver . . . . . see musical \sharp (♯) . . . . . . . . . . . 147
symbols ©
\sharp ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
\semiquaver ( ) . . . . . . . 150
© \sharp (♯) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\semiquaverDotted (
) . 150
\sharp (♯) . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
\semiquaverDottedDouble
©
(
) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \sharpArrowboth ( ) . . . . 151
\semiquaverDottedDoubleDown


(  ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \sharpArrowdown ( ) . . . . 151
313
\sharpArrowup ( ) . . . . . . 151 \simbot (‹) . . . . . . . . . . 93 \slashd () . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Sharpe, Michael . . . . . . . . 22 \simcolon (∼:) . . . . . . . . 58 \slashdiv () . . . . . . . . . 29
\sharpSlashslashslashStem \simcoloncolon (∼::) . . . 58 slashed (package) . . . . . . . 211
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 \simeq (≃) . . . . . . . . . . . 46 \slashed . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
\sharpSlashslashslashStemstem \simeq (≃) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 slashed letters . . . . . . . . . 211
\simeq (≃) . . . . . . . . . . . 49 slashed.sty (file) . . . . . . 211
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
\simeq (≃) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \slashu (U) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\sharpSlashslashStem ( ) 151
\sharpSlashslashStemstemstem
\simgE (⪠) . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\simgtr (⪞) . . . . . . . . . . 66

\Sleet ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\sliding (ā) . . . . . . . . . . 21
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
↕
\shfermion () . . . . . . . . . 125
\similarleftarrow (⭉) . 82
\similarrightarrow (⥲) . 82
\Slovakia (¢)
\Slovenia (£)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 177
. 177
\Shift ( Shift ⇑ ) . . . . . . 122 \simlE (⪟) . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\shift (˜) . . . . . . . . . . . 27 \simless (⪝) . . . . . . . . . 66
\Shilling (¡) . . . . . . . . . 24 \simminussim (⩬) . . . . . . 55
\smallaltoclef ( L) .. . 148
\smallawint (⨑) . ..... . 36
\shneg (ˆ) . . . . . . . . . . . 27 \simneqq (≆) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\smallawintsl (⨑) .... . 37
\shortcastling (O-O) . . 169 \simneqq (≆) . . . . . . . . . 55
\smallawintup (⨑) ..... . 37
\shortdownarrow () . . . . 70 \simperp (‹) . . . . . . . . . 58
\shortdowntack (⫟) . . . . 52 simplewick (package) . . . . 215
\shortdowntack (⫟) . . . . 55 \simplus (⨤) . . . . . . . . . 32 \smallbassclef ( J
) . . . 148
\ShortFifty (×) . . . . . . 165 simpsons (package) . . 172, 226 \smallblackcircle (•) . . 34
\ShortForty (Ù) . . . . . . 165 Simpsons characters . . . . . 172 \smallblackdiamond (⬩) . 34
\shortleftarrow ( ) . . . 70 \simrdots (Š) . . . . . . . . 54 \smallblacklozenge (⬪) . 133
\shortlefttack (⫞) . . . . 52 \simrdots (⩫) . . . . . . . . . 55 \smallblacksquare (▪) . . 34
\shortlefttack (⫞) . . . . . 55 \sin (sin) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 \smallblackstar (⋆) . . . . 34
\shortmid (p) . . . . . . . . . 47 \sincoh (ˇ) . . . . . . . . . . 58 \smallblacktriangledown (▾)
\shortmid (¾) . . . . . . . . . 54 \sinewave (ñ) . . . . . . . . 114 . . . . . . 34, 68
\shortmid (∣) . . . . . . . . . 51 \sinewave (∿) . . . . . . . . . 114 \smallblacktriangleleft (◂)
\shortmid (∣) . . . . . . . . . 30 \sinh (sinh) . . . . . . . . . . 87 . . . . . . 34, 68
\shortmid (∣) . . . . . . . . . 55 O
\SixFlowerAlternate ( ) 131 \smallblacktriangleleft (◂)
\ShortNinetyFive (Ô) . . 165
U
\SixFlowerAltPetal ( ) 131
. . . . . . . 134
\shortparallel (q) . . . . . 47
\shortparallel (¿) . . . . . 54 M
\SixFlowerOpenCenter ( ) . .
\smallblacktriangleright
(▸) . . . . . . . . . . 34, 68
. . . . . . . 131
Q
\shortparallel (∥) . . . . 52 \smallblacktriangleright
\shortparallel (∥) . . . . 49 \SixFlowerPetalDotted ( ) . (▸) . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
\shortparallel (∥) . . . . . 55 . . . . . . . 131
" L
\smallblacktriangleup (▴) .
\ShortPulseHigh ( ) . . . 118 . . . . . . 34, 68
# ♣
\SixFlowerPetalRemoved ( )
\ShortPulseLow ( ) . . . . 118 \smallbosonloop () . . . . . 125
∩
. . . . . . . 131
\shortrightarrow (
) . . 70 \smallbosonloopA () . . . . 125
[ ≪
\SixFlowerRemovedOpenPetal
\shortrightarrowleftarrow ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 131 \smallbosonloopV () . . . . 125
(⥄) . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
G
\SixStar ( ) . . . . . . . . . 131 E
\SmallCircle ( ) . . . . . . 135
\shortrighttack (⊦) . . . . 52
\ShortSixty (Ö) . . . . . . 165 K
\SixteenStarLight ( ) . 131 \smallcircle (◦) . . .
\smallcirfnint (⨐) . .
.
.
.
.
. 34
. 36
\ShortThirty (Û) . . . . . 165 sixteenth note . . . see musical
symbols \smallcirfnintsl (⨐) . . . 37
\shortuparrow () . . . . . 70 ©
\smallcirfnintup (⨐) . . . 37

\shortuptack (⫠) . . . . . . 52 \sixteenthNote ( ) . . . . 150
\sixteenthnote (♬) . . . . 147 \SmallCross ( ) . . . . . . 135
\shortuptack (⫠) . . . . . . 55 ©
\sixteenthNoteDotted (
) . . smallctrbull (bullcntr package op-
\showclock . . . . . . . . . . . 166
. . . . . . . 150 tion) . . . . . . . . . . 168
\shpos (´) . . . . . . . . . . . 27
\sixteenthNoteDottedDouble \smallctrbull . . . . . . . . 168
shuffle (package) . . . . 33, 226 ©
(
) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \smalldiamond (⋄) . . . . . 34
\shuffle (⧢) . . . . . . . . . 32

\smalldiamond (◇) . . . . . 34
F)
\shuffle ( ) . . . . . . . . . 33 \sixteenthNoteDottedDoubleDown


shuffle product ( ) . . . . . 33


(  ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \SmallDiamondshape ( 135
\SI (␏) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \sixteenthNoteDottedDown \smalldivslash (∕) . . . . 31

\smallfint (⨏) . . . . . . . . 36
\Sieb ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 179 (  ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
\sieve ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179 \sixteenthNoteDown (  ) . 150 \smallfintsl (⨏) . . . . . . 37
\sieve ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179 skak (package) . . 169, 170, 226 \smallfintup (⨏) . . . . . . 37
\Sigma (Σ) . . . . . . . . . . . 88 skull (package) . . . . . 169, 226 \smallfrown (a) . . . . . . . 47
\sigma (𝜎) . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \skull (☠) . . . . . . . . . . . 178 \smallfrown (½) . . . . . . . 54
\sigmaup (σ) . . . . . . . . . . 89 A
\skull ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 169 \smallfrown (⌢) . . . .
\smallfrown (⌢) . . . .
.
.
52, 86
. . 85
\sim (∼) . . . . . . 46, 211, 221 skulls . . . . . . . . 169, 178, 204
\sim (∼) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \slash (/) . . . . . . . . . . . 221 \smallfrown (⌢) . . . . . . . 55
\sim (∼) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 \slashb () . . . . . . . . . . . 18 
\SmallHBar ( ) . . . . . . . 135
\sim (∼) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \slashc (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \smalliiiint (⨌) . . . . . 36

314
\smalliiiintsl (⨌) . . . . 37 \smallpointint (⨕) . . . . . 36 \smallvarointclockwisesl (∲)
\smalliiiintup (⨌) . . . . 37 \smallpointintsl (⨕) . . . 37 . . . . . . . . 37
\smalliiint (∭) . . . . . . 36 \smallpointintup (⨕) . . . 37 \smallvarointclockwiseup (∲)
\smalliiintsl (∭) . . . . . 37 \smallprod (∏) . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . . 37
\smalliiintup (∭) . . . . . 37
\smalliint (∬) . . . . . . . . 36
\SmallRightDiamond ( O) 135 
\SmallVBar ( ) . . . . . . . 135
\smallrppolint (⨒) . . . . . 36 \smallwhitestar (⭒) . . . 34
\smalliintsl (∬) . . . . . . 37 \smallrppolintsl (⨒) . . . 37 smartctrbull (bullcntr package op-
\smalliintup (∬) . . . . . . 37 \smallrppolintup (⨒) . . . 37 tion) . . . . . . . . . . 168
\smallin ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 92 \smallscpolint (⨓) . . . . . 36 \smartctrbull . . . . . . . . 168
\smallin (∊) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\smallscpolintsl (⨓) . . . 37 \smashtimes (ö) . . . . . . . 31
\smallint (∫) . . . . . . . . . 113 \smashtimes (⨳) . . . . . . . 32
\smallscpolintup (⨓) . . . 37
\smallint (∫) . . . . . . . . . 113 \smblkcircle (•) . . . . . . 35
\smallsetminus (r) . . . . 28
\smallint (∫) . . . . . . . . . 36
\smallsetminus (Ú) . . . . 31 \smblkcircle (•) . . . . . . 36
\smallintBar (⨎) . . . . . . 36 \smblkdiamond (⬩) . . . . . 35
\smallsetminus (∖) . . . . 31
\smallintbar (⨍) . . . . . . 36 \smblkdiamond (⬩) . . . . . 133
\smallsetminus (∖) . . . . 30
\smallintBarsl (⨎) . . . . . 37 \smblklozenge (⬪) . . . . . 133
\smallsetminus (∖) . . . . . 32
\smallintbarsl (⨍) . . . . . 37 \smblklozenge (⬪) . . . . . . 133
\smallsmile (`) . . . . . . . 47
\smallintBarup (⨎) . . . . . 37 \smblksquare (▪) . . . . . . 35
\smallsmile (¼) . . . . . . . 54
\smallintbarup (⨍) . . . . . 37 \smblksquare (▪) . . . . . . 133
\smallintcap (⨙) . . . . . . 36 \smallsmile (⌣) . . . . . 52, 86
\smallsmile (⌣) . . . . . . . 85 \smeparsl (⧤) . . . . . . . . . 55
\smallintcapsl (⨙) . . . . . 37 \smile (⌣) . . . . . . . . . . . 46
\smallsmile (⌣) . . . . . . . 55
\smallintcapup (⨙) . . . . . 37 \smile (ü) . . . . . . . . . . . 54
\smallintclockwise (∱) . 36 \smallsqint (⨖) . . . . . . . 36
\smile (⌣) . . . . . . . . . 52, 86
\smallintclockwisesl (∱) 37 \smallsqintsl (⨖) . . . . . 37
\smile (⌣) . . . . . . . . . . . 85
\smallsqintup (⨖) . . . . . . 37
@
\smallintclockwiseup (∱) 37 \smile (⌣) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\smallintcup (⨚) . . . . . . 36 \SmallSquare ( ) . . . . . . 135 smile symbols . . . . . . . 85, 86
\smallintcupsl (⨚) . . . . . 37 \smallsquare (▫) . . . . . . 34 \smileeq () . . . . . . . . 52, 86
\smallintcupup (⨚) . . . . . 37 \smallsquare (◽) . . . . . . 34 \smileeq ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 85
\smallintlarhk (⨗) . . . . 36 \smallstar (☆) . . . . . . . . 34 \smileeqfrown (&) . . . . . 85
\smallintlarhksl (⨗) . . . 37 \smallsumint (⨋) . . . . . . 36 \smileface (☺) . . . . . . . . 178
\smallintlarhkup (⨗) . . . 37 \smallsumintsl (⨋) . . . . . 37 \smilefrown (≍) . . . . . 52, 86
\smallintsl (∫) . . . . . . . 37 \smallsumintup (⨋) . . . . . 37 \smilefrown (≍) . . . . . . . 85
\smallintup (∫) . . . . . . . 37 \smilefrowneq (() . . . . . 85
\smallintx (⨘) . . . . . . . . 36 \smalltrebleclef ( H) . 148
\Smiley (©) . . . . . . 165, 179
\smallintxsl (⨘) . . . . . . 37
C
\smiley (,) . . . . . . . . . . 164
\smallintxup (⨘) . . . . . . 37 \SmallTriangleDown ( ) 135

smiley faces 114, 122, 164, 165,
\SmallLowerDiamond ( ) 135 \smalltriangledown (Ź) . 33 174, 178–184, 188–190
\smalllowint (⨜) . . . . . . 36 \smalltriangledown (▿) . 34, \smt (⪪) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\smalllowintsl (⨜) . . . . . 37 68 \smte (⪬) . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
\smalllowintup (⨜) . . . . . 37 \smalltriangledown (▿) 34, 67 \smwhitestar (⭒) . . . . . . 35
\smalllozenge (⬫) . . . . . 133
\smalllozenge (◊) . . . . . . 132
\SmallTriangleLeft B
( ) 135 \smwhitestar (⭒) . . . . . . 133
\smalltriangleleft (Ž) . 33 \smwhtcircle (◦) . . . . . . 35
\smallni (∍) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \smalltriangleleft (◃) . 34, \smwhtcircle (◦) . . 133, 134
\smallnpolint (⨔) . . . . . 36 68 \smwhtdiamond (⋄) . . . . . 35
\smallnpolintsl (⨔) . . . . 37 \smalltriangleleft (◃) 34, 67 \smwhtdiamond (⋄) . 133, 134
\smallnpolintup (⨔) . . . . 37 \smalltriangleleft (◃) . 133 \smwhtlozenge (⬫) . . . . . 133
\smalloiiint (∰) . . . . . . 36
\smalloiiintsl (∰) . . . . 37
\SmallTriangleRight D
( ) 135
\smwhtlozenge (⬫) . . . . . . 133
\smwhtsquare (▫) . . . . . . 35
\smalltriangleright (Ż) 33
\smalloiiintup (∰) . . . . 37 \smwhtsquare (▫) . . . . . . 133
\smalltriangleright (▹) 34,
\smalloiint (∯) . . . . . . . 36 snakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
68
\smalloiintsl (∯) . . . . . 37 \sndtstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57

\smalltriangleright (▹) 34,
\smalloiintup (∯) . . . . . 37
67 \Snow ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\smalloint (∮) . . . . . . . . 36
\smalltriangleright (▹) 133 
\SnowCloud ( ) . . . . . . . 166
A `
\smallointctrclockwise (∳) .
. . . . . . . . 36 \SmallTriangleUp ( ) . . 135 \Snowflake ( ) . . . . . . . 131
\smallointctrclockwisesl (∳) \smalltriangleup (Ÿ) . . . 33 ^
\SnowflakeChevron ( ) . 131
. . . . . . . . 37
\smallointctrclockwiseup (∳)
\smalltriangleup (▵) . 34, 68
\smalltriangleup (▵) . 34, 67
\SnowflakeChevronBold ( ) . _
. . . . . . . 131
. . . . . . . . 37 \smallupint (⨛) . . . . . . . 36
snowflakes . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
\smallointsl (∮) . . . . . . 37 \smallupintsl (⨛) . . . . . . 37
\Snowman ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 180
\smallointup (∮) . . . . . . 37
\smallowns (
) . . . . . . . . 92
\smallupintup (⨛) . . . . . . 37
\smallvarointclockwise (∲) .

\SNPP ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 172
\smallpencil ( P ) . . . . 128 . . . . . . . . 36 \snststile ( ) . . . . . . . 57

315
\sntstile ( ) . . . . . . . . 57 \sqcap (⊓) . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \sqsubseteq (⊑) . . . . . .
. 61
\snttstile ( ) . . . . . . . 57 \sqcap (⊓) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsubseteqq (Ň) . . . . .
. 59
\SO () . . . . . . . . . . 121, 122 \sqcap (⊓) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \sqsubseteqq (H) . . . . .
. 60

˝
\sO ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
\sqcapdot (I) . . . . . .
\sqcapdot (E) . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
. 30
. 29
\sqsubseteqq (\) . .
\sqsubsetneq (Ĺ) . .
.
.
.
.
.
. 60
.
. 59
\SOH (␁) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \sqcapplus (}) . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsubsetneq (⋤) . . . . .
. 60
\SOH (␁) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \sqcapplus (K) . . . . . . . . 30 \sqsubsetneq (⋤) . . . . .
. 60
\solid (𝑡) . . . . . . . . . . 125 \sqcapplus (G) . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsubsetneq (⋤) . . . . .
. 61
South Arabian alphabet . . 144 \Sqcup (⩏) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \sqsubsetneqq (Ř) . . . .
. 59
\SouthNode (?) . . . . . . . 120 \Sqcup (⩏) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \sqsubsetneqq (Þ) . . . .
. 60

#
\sqcup (\) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsubsetneqq (ö) . . . .
. 60
\sqcup (⊔) . . . . . . . . . 27, 28 \Sqsupset (K) . . . . . . . .
. 60
\Soyombo ( ) . . . . . . . . 175 \sqcup (⊔) . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \Sqsupset (_) . . . . . . . .
. 60
soyombo (package) . . 175, 226, \sqcup (⊔) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \sqSupset (Ţ) . . . . . . .
. 59
227 \sqcup (⊔) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \sqSupset (µ) . . . . . . . .
. 60
Soyombo (font) . . . . . . . . 175 \sqcupdot (H) . . . . . . . . . 30 \sqsupset (Ą) . . . . . . .
. 59
Soyombo symbols . . . . . . 175 \sqcupdot (D) . . . . . . . . . 30 \sqsupset (A) . . . . . . 58, 59
space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 \sqcupplus (|) . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsupset (á) . . . . . . . . . 60
thin . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 \sqcupplus (J) . . . . . . . . 30 \sqsupset (⊐) . . . . . . . . . 60
visible . . . . . . . . . . . see \sqcupplus (F) . . . . . . . . 30 \sqsupset (⊐) . . . . . . . . . 60
\textvisiblespace \sqdoublecap (^) . . . . . . 29 \sqsupset (⊐) . . . . . . . . . 61
\Spacebar ( ) . . 122 \sqdoublecup (_) . . . . . . 29 \sqsupseteq (Ě) . . . . . . . 59
spades . . . . 136, 137, 180–181 \sqdoublefrown (-) . . . . . 85 \sqsupseteq (⊒) . . . . . . . 58
\spadesuit (♠) . . . . . . . . 136 \sqdoublefrowneq (7) . . . 85 \sqsupseteq (⊒) . . . . . . . 60
\spadesuit (÷) . . . . . . . . 136 \sqdoublesmile (,) . . . . . 85 \sqsupseteq (⊒) . . . . . . . 60
\spadesuit (♠) . . . . . . . . 136 \sqdoublesmileeq (6) . . . 85 \sqsupseteq (⊒) . . . . . . . 61
\spadesuit (♠) . . . . . . . . 136 \sqeqfrown (5) . . . . . . . . 85 \sqsupseteqq (Ŋ) . . . . . . 59
\spadesuit (♠) . . . . . . . . 137 \sqeqsmile (4) . . . . . . . . 85 \sqsupseteqq (I) . . . . . . 60
\Spain (¤) . . . . . . . . . . . 178 \sqfrown (+) . . . . . . . . . . 85 \sqsupseteqq (]) . . . . . . 60
]
\Sparkle ( ) . . . . . . . . . 131 \sqfrowneq (3) . . . . . . . . 85 \sqsupsetneq (Ľ) . . . . . . 59

\
\SparkleBold ( ) . . . . . . 131 \sqfrowneqsmile (9) . . . . 85 \sqsupsetneq (⋥) . .
\sqsupsetneq (⋥) . .
.
.
.
.
. . 60
. . 60
sparkles . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 R (1) . .
\sqfrownsmile . . . 85
\sqsupsetneq (⋥) . . . . . . 61
\sqiiint ( ) . . . . . . . . 39
“special” characters . . . . . 13 P \sqsupsetneqq (Ś) . . . . . 59
\SpecialForty (Ú) . . . . 165 \sqiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 39
” \sqsupsetneqq (ß) . . . . . 60
"
\sPed () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 \sqiint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 40 \sqsupsetneqq (÷) . . . . . 60
\sphericalangle (?) . . . 113 \sqint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 39
› \sqtriplefrown (/) . . . . . 85
\sphericalangle (^) . . . 111 \sqint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 \sqtriplesmile (.) . . . . . 85
\sphericalangle (×) . . . . 111 \sqint (⨖) . . . . . . . . . . . 43 \Square (t) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\sphericalangle (∢) . . . 111 \sqintsl (⨖) . . . . . . . . . . 45 \Square () . . . . . . . . . . 130
\sphericalangle (∢) . . . 111 \sqintup (⨖) . . . . . . . . . . 45 f
\Square ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 135
\sphericalangle (∢) . . . . 112 \sqlozenge (⌑) . . . . .
√
. . . 133
0
\Square ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 135
0
\sphericalangledown (§) 111
\sqrt ( ⃖⃖⃖⃖) . . . . . . . . . . . 103
√ \Square ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 135
f 0
\sphericalangleleft (⦠) 111
\sqrt ( ) . . . . 102, 212–213
\sphericalangleup (⦡) . . 111 √ \Square ( vs. vs. ) . 207
\sqrt* ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 105
\sphericalangleup (⦡) . . 112 \square (˝) . . . . . . . . . . . 29
\sqsmile (*) . . . . . . . . . . 85
\spin (𝑜) . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 \square () . . . . . . . . . . 112
*
\SpinDown () . . . . . . . . . . 135
\sqsmileeq (2) . . . . .
\sqsmileeqfrown (8) .
. . . 85
. . . 85 \square (ó) . . . . . . . . . . 133
\square (□) . . . . . . . . . . 35
~
\spindown (𝑍) . . . . . . . . . 125 \sqsmilefrown (0) . . . . . 85
)
\SpinUp () . . . . . . . . . . . 135 \Sqsubset (J) . . . . . . . . . 60 \square ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 171
spirals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 \Sqsubset (^) . . . . . . . . . 60 \square (◻) . . . . . . . . . . 34
\spirituslenis (a –) . . . . . 101 \sqSubset (Ť) . . . . . . . . 59 \square (□) . . . . . . . . . . 134
\spirituslenis (—) . . . . . 101 \sqSubset (´) . . . . . . . . . 60 square impulse . . . . . . . . 118
\splitvert (¦) . . . . . . . . 122 \sqsubset (Ă) . . . . . . . . 59 square root . . . . . . see \sqrt
\Spoon ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 \sqsubset (@) . . . . . . 58, 59 hooked . . . see \hksqrt
spoon symbols . . . . . . . 84, 85 \sqsubset (à) . . . . . . . . . 60 \squarebotblack (⬓) . . . 133

k
\spreadlips (ȧ) . . . . . . . 21 \sqsubset (⊏) . . . . . . . . . 60 \SquareCastShadowBottomRight
\Springtree ( ) . . . . . . . 179 \sqsubset (⊏) . . . . . . . . . 60 ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135

m
\sqbullet (‚) . . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsubset (⊏) . . . . . . . . . 61 \SquareCastShadowTopLeft
\Sqcap (⩎) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \sqsubseteq (Ď) . . . . . . . 59 ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135

l
\Sqcap (⩎) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \sqsubseteq (⊑) . . . . . . . 58 \SquareCastShadowTopRight
\sqcap ([) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \sqsubseteq (⊑) . . . . . . . 60 ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135
\sqcap (⊓) . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \sqsubseteq (⊑) . . . . . . . 60 \squarecrossfill (▩) . . 133

316
\squaredots (∷) . . . . . . . 108
\squaredots (∷) . . . . 30, 108
\squarehfill (▤) . . . . . . 133
\squarehvfill (▦) . . . . . 133
\squareleftblack (◧) . . 133
\squarellblack (⬕) . . . . 133
\squarellquad (◱) . . . . . 133
) . . . . . . . . 173
\squarelrblack (◪) . . . . 133
\squarelrquad (◲) . . . . . 133
\squareneswfill (▨) . . . 133
\stackrel . . . . . 27, 210, 214
\staveVII () . . . . . . 173
standard state . . . . . . . . . 211
\star (⋆) . . . . . . . . . 28, 214
\staveVIII () . . . . . 173
\star (ø) . . . . . . . . . 35, 133
\star (⋆) . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 \staveX ( ) . . . . . . . . 173
\star (⋆) . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
\star (⋆) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 \staveXI (
Star of David . . . . . . . . . 131
\stareq (≛) . . . . . . . . . . 52 \staveXII () . . . . . . . 174
\stareq (≛) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\squarenwsefill (▧) . . . 133
\Squarepipe (—) . . . . . . . 123
) . . . . . . 174
\squarerightblack (◨) . 134
squares 132–137, 157–161, 170,
171, 186–187, 192, 202–
203
\SquareShadowA ( ) . . . . 135


\SquareShadowB ( ) . . . . 135
starfont (package) 120, 226, 227
\starofdavid (✡) . . . . . . 133
\starredbullet (d) . . . . . 132
stars . . . . . 112, 120, 131–134,
186–187
\stater (῝) . . . . . . . . . . . 25
\Station (6) . . . . . . . . . 120
statistical independence . . 212
\staveXIII () . . . . . . 174
\staveXIV (
\staveXIX () . . . . . . 174
\staveXL (') . . . . . . . . 174
\staveXLI (() . . . . . . . 174
\staveXLII ()) . . . . . 174

h
\SquareShadowBottomRight
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 135

\SquareShadowC ( ) . . . . 135
\SquareShadowTopLeft ( ) . .
. . . . . . . 135
\SquareShadowTopRight ( ) .
. . . . . . . 135
g
\SquareSolid ( ) . . . . . . 135
\Squaresteel (“) . . . . . . 123
\squaretopblack (⬒) . . . 134
\squareulblack (◩) . . . . 134
\squareulquad (◰) . . . . . 134
\squareurblack (⬔) . . . . 134
\squareurquad (◳) . . . . . 134
\squarevfill (▥) . . . . . . 134
B
\squarewithdots ( ) . . . 137
\squeezer ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\squeezer ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\squigarrowdownup (³) . 71
\squigarrowleftright (↭) 71
\squigarrownesw (´) . . . 71
\squigarrownwse (µ) . . . . 71
\squigarrowrightleft (²) 71
\squigarrowsenw (·) . . . 71
\squigarrowswne (¶) . . . 71
\squigarrowupdown (±) . . 71
\squoval (▢) . . . . . . . . . 134
\squplus (]) . . . . . . . . . 29
\squplus (¿) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\SS (SS) . . . . . . . . . . 14, 121
\ss (ß) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\ssdtstile ( ) . . . . .
\ssearrow (%) .. . . . .
\ssearrow (í) .. . . . .
\staveI ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \staveXLIII (*) . . . . . . 174
\staveXLIV (+) . . . . . 174
j \staveII (
) . . . . . . . . 173
\staveIII () . . . . . . 173 \staveXLIX (0) . . . . . . 173
i \staveIV () . . . . . . . 173
\staveXLV (,) . . . . . . 174
\staveIX () . . . . . . . . 173
\staveL (1) . . . . . . . . 173
\staveXLVI (-) . . . . . . 174
\staveL (1) . . . . . . . . 174 \staveXLVII (.) . . . . . 173
\staveLI (2) . . . . . . . 173 \staveXLVIII (/) . . . 173
\staveLII (3) . . . . . . 173 \staveXV () . . . . . . . 174
\staveXVI () . . . . . . . 174
\staveLIII (4) . . . . . . 173
\staveLIV (5) . . . . . . 173
\staveLIX (:) . . . . . . 174
\staveXVII () . . . . . . 174
\staveXVIII () . . . . . 174
\staveLV (6) . . . . . . . . 173 \staveXX () . . . . . . . 174
\staveXXI () . . . . . . 174
\staveLVI (7) . . . . . . . 173
\staveXXII () . . . . . . 174
\staveLVII (8) . . . . . . 173
\staveXXIII () . . . 174
\staveLVIII (9) . . . . . 174
\staveLX (;) . . . . . 174 \staveXXIV () . . . . . . 173
\staveXXIX () . . . . . 173
\staveLXI (<) . . . . . . . 174
\staveXXV () . . . . . . 173
\staveLXII (=) . . . . . . 174 \staveXXVI () . . . . . 173
\staveLXIII (>) . . . . . 174
\staveXXVII () . . . . . 173
\staveLXIV (?) . . . . . . . 174
. . 57 \staveXXVIII () . . . . 173
. . . 70 \staveLXV (@) . . . . . . . 174
\staveXXX () . . . . . . 173
. . . 80
\staveLXVI (A) . . . . . . 174
\sslash () . .. . . . . . . . 28 \staveXXXI () . . . . . . 173
\sslash (<) . .. . . . . . . . 31 \staveLXVII (B) . . . . . . 174
\sslash (⫽) . .. . . . . . . . 32 \staveXXXII () . . . . 173
\staveLXVIII (C) . . . . . 174
\ssststile ( ) ....... 57
staves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 \staveXXXIII ( ) . . . . . 173
\sststile ( ) ........ 57 staves (package) . . . . 173, 226
\ssttstile ( ) . .... . . 57 \staveXXXIV (!) . . . . 173
\sswarrow ($) . . . .... . . 70 \staveV () . . . . . . . . 173 \staveXXXIX (&) . . . . 174
\sswarrow (ï) . . . .... . . 80
\staccatissimo ( ) ... . . 152 \staveVI () . . . . . . . 173 \staveXXXV (") . . . . . 174

317

\staveXXXVI (#) . . . . 174
\staveXXXVII ($) . . . 174
\staveXXXVIII (%) . . 174
\stdtstile ( ) .......
\steaming (♨) . . . . . . . . 178
steinmetz (package) . 119, 226,
227
Steinmetz phasor notation 119
sterling . . . . . . . see \pounds
stick figures 138, 180, 198–202
\Stigma () . . . . . . . . . . 144
\Stigma (Ϛ) . . . . . . . . . . 144
\stigma (-) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
\stigma (ϛ) . . . . . . . . . . . 144
stix (package) . 32, 36, 37, 43,
44, 55, 56, 61, 65, 66, 68,
81–83, 87, 90–93, 97, 101,
103, 109, 111, 112, 114,
120, 121, 124, 133, 134,
137, 147, 167, 226, 227
stmaryrd (package) . 28, 38, 47,
59, 66, 70, 86, 93, 94, 207,
211, 225, 226
stochastic independence . . see

\bot
\StoneMan ( ) . . . . . . . . . 166
\Stopsign (!) . . . . . . . . 124
˜) . . . . . 166
\StopWatchEnd (
\submult (⫁) . . . . . . . . . 61
\subrarr (⥹) . . . . . . . . . 61
\subrptr (a) . . . . . . . . . . 21
subscripts ¿
57 new symbols used in . 212
\Subset (Ť) . . . . . . . . . . 59
\Subset (b) . . . . . . . . . . 59
\Subset (È) . . . . . . . . . . 60
\Subset (⋐) . . . . . . . . . . 60
\Subset (⋐) . . . . . . . . . . . 60
\Subset (⋐) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\subset (Ă) . . . . . . . . . . 59
\subset (⊂) . . . . . . . . . . 58
\subset (⊂) . . . . . . . . . . 60
\subset (⊂) . . . . . . . . . . . 60
\subset (⊂) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\subsetapprox (⫉) . . . . . 61
\subsetcirc (⟃) . . . . . . . 61
\subsetdot (⪽) . . . . . . . . 61
\subseteq (Ď) . . . . . . . . 59
\subseteq (⊆) . . . . . . . . 58
\subseteq (⊆) . . . . . . . . . 60
\subseteq (⊆) . . . . . . . . . 60
\subseteq (⊆) . . . . . . . . . 61
\subseteqq (Ň) . . . . . . . . 59
\subseteqq (j) . . . . . . . 59
\subseteqq (Ì) . . . . . . . . 60
\subseteqq (⫅) . . . . . . . . 60
\subseteqq (⫅) . . . . . . . . 60
\succcurlyeq (<) . . . . . . 47
\succcurlyeq (Ï) . . . . . . 54
\succcurlyeq (≽) . . . . . . 52
\succcurlyeq (≽) . . . . . . 49
\succcurlyeq (≽) . . . . . . 55
\succdot (Í) . . . . . . . . . 48
\succeq (⪰) . . . . . . . . . . 46
\succeq (⪰) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\succeq (⪰) . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\succeq (⪰) . . . . . . . . . . 55
\succeqq () . . . . . . . . . . 48
\succeqq (⪴) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\succeqq (⪴) . . . . . . . . . 55
\succnapprox (Ë) . . . . . . 49
\succnapprox () . . . . . . 47
\succnapprox () . . . . . . 54
\succnapprox (⪺) . . . . . . 53
\succnapprox (⪺) . . . . . . 51
\succnapprox (⪺) . . . . . . 55
\succneq (ŋ) . . . . . . . . . 49
\succneq (⪲) . . . . . . . . . . 53
\succneq (⪲) . . . . . . . . . 55
\succneqq () . . . . . . . . 48
\succneqq (—) . . . . . . . . . 54
\succneqq (⪶) . . . . . . . . . 53
\succneqq (⪶) . . . . . . . . . 55
\succnsim (Å) . . . . . . . . 49
\succnsim () . . . . . . . . 47
\succnsim (•) . . . . . . . . . 54

\StopWatchStart (—) . . . 166

\subseteqq (⫅) . . . . . . . . 61 \succnsim (⋩) . . . . . . . . . 53
\subsetneq (Ĺ) . . . . . . . . 59 \succnsim (⋩) . . . . . . . . . 51
\stress (h) . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \subsetneq (() . . . . . . . 59 \succnsim (⋩) . . . . . . . . . 55
\Strichmaxerl ( ) . . . . . . 180 \subsetneq (¨) . . . . . . . . 60 \succsim (Á) . . . . . . . . . 48
\strictfi (K) . . . . . . . . 48 \subsetneq (⊊) . . . . . . . . 60 \succsim (%) . . . . . . . . . 47
\strictfi (ì) . . . . . . . . . 54 \subsetneq (⊊) . . . . . . . . 60 \succsim (») . . . . . . . . . 54
\strictif (J) . . . . . . . . 48 \subsetneq (⊊) . . . . . . . . 61 \succsim (≿) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\strictif (í) . . . . . . . . . 54 \subsetneqq (Ř) . . . . . . . 59 \succsim (≿) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\strictiff (L) . . . . . . . 48 \subsetneqq ($) . . . . . . . 59 \succsim (≿) . . . . . . . . . 55
\StrikingThrough (_) . . . . 24 \subsetneqq (¤) . . . . . . . 60 such that . . . . . . . . 209, 211
\strns (⏤) . . . . . . . . . . . 114 \subsetneqq (⫋) . . . . . . . 60 ∑︀ (∋
\suchthat − ) . . . . . . . . 211
\strokedint (⨏) . . . . . . . 42 \subsetneqq (⫋) . . . . . . . 60 \sum ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
;
\StrokeFive ( ) . . . . . . 166 \subsetneqq (⫋) . . . . . . . 61 \sum (∑) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

::::
\StrokeFour ( ) . . . . . . . 166
\subsetplus (D) . . . . . . . 59
\subsetplus (º) . . . . . . . 60
\sum (∑) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
∑
:
\StrokeOne ( ) . . . . . . . . . 166
\sum ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

:::
\subsetplus (⪿) . . . . . . . 61 \sumint (⨋) . . . . . . . . . . 42
\StrokeThree ( ) . . . . . . 166 \subsetpluseq (F) . . . . . 59 \sumint (⨋) . . . . . . . . . . . 42
\strokethrough (̸) . . . . . 101 \subsetpluseq (¼) . . . . . 60 \sumint (⨋) . . . . . . . . . . 43
::
\StrokeTwo ( ) . . . . . . . . 166 subsets . . . . . . . . . . . . 58–61
\subsim (⫇) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\sumintsl (⨋) . . . . . . . . . 45
\sumintup (⨋) . . . . . . . . . 45
\stst (−
∘
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
\subsub (⫕) . . . . . . . . . . 61 \Summertree ( ) . . . . . . . 179
\stststile ( ) ....... 57 \subsup (⫓) . . . . . . . . . . 61 
\Summit ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 166
\sttstile ( ) ........ 57 \Succ (⪼) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
\succ (≻) . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

\SummitSign ( ) . . . . . . . 166
\stttstile ( ) ....... 57 \Sun (@) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\succ (≻) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
\Sun (s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\STX (␂) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \succ (≻) . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
\Sun (À) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
.sty files . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 \succ (≻) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

\Sun ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

\SUB (␚) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 \succapprox (Ç) . . . . . . . 48
subatomic particles . . . . . 125 \succapprox (v) . . . . . . . 47 \Sun (À vs. vs. @) . . . 207
\subcorner (a) . . . . . . . . 21 \succapprox (¹) . . . . . . . 54 sun . . 119, 120, 137, 164, 166,
\subdoublebar ^ (a) . . . . . 21 \succapprox (⪸) . . . . . . . 52 180–181, 204, 207
¯ \sun (☼) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\subdoublevert (a) . . . . . 21 \succapprox (⪸) . . . . . . . 49
\subedot (⫃) . . "". . . . . . . 61 \succapprox (⪸) . . . . . . . 55 \sun (☼) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
\sublptr (a) . . . . .
¡
. . . . . 21 \succcurlyeq (ě) . . . . . . 48 
\SunCloud ( ) . . . . . . . . 166

318
\SunshineOpenCircled ( ) . .T
. . . . . . . 137
\sup (sup) . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\supdsub (⫘) . . . . . . . . . 61
\supedot (⫄) . . . . . . . . . 61
superscripts
new symbols used in . 212
supersets . . . . . . . . . . . 58–61
\suphsol (⟉) . . . . . . . . . 61
\suphsub (⫗) . . . . . . . . . 61
\suplarr (⥻) . . . . . . . . . 61
\supmult (⫂) . . . . . . . . . 61
supremum . . . . . . . . see \sup
\Supset (Ţ) . . . . . . . . . . 59
\Supset (c) . . . . . . . . . . 59
\Supset (É) . . . . . . . . . . 60
\Supset (⋑) . . . . . . . . . . 60
\Supset (⋑) . . . . . . . . . . . 60
\Supset (⋑) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\supset (Ą) . . . . . . . . . . 59
\supset (⊃) . . . . . . . . . . 58
\supset (⊃) . . . . . . . . . . 60
\supset (⊃) . . . . . . . . . . . 60
\supset (⊃) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\supsetapprox (⫊) . . . . . 61
\supsetcirc (⟄) . . . . . . . 61
\supsetdot (⪾) . . . . . . . . 61
\supseteq (Ě) . . . . . . . . 59
\supseteq (⊇) . . . . . . . . 58
\supseteq (⊇) . . . . . . . . . 60
\supseteq (⊇) . . . . . . . . . 60
\supseteq (⊇) . . . . . . . . . 61
\supseteqq (Ŋ) . . . . . . . . 59
\supseteqq (k) . . . . . . . 59
\supseteqq (Í) . . . . . . . . 60
\supseteqq (⫆) . . . . . . . . 60
\supseteqq (⫆) . . . . . . . . 60
\supseteqq (⫆) . . . . . . . . 61
\supsetneq (Ľ) . . . . . . . . 59
\supsetneq ()) . . . . . . . 59
\supsetneq (©) . . . . . . . . 60
\supsetneq (⊋) . . . . . . . . 60
\supsetneq (⊋) . . . . . . . . 60
\supsetneq (⊋) . . . . . . . . 61
\supsetneqq (Ś) . . . . . . . 59
\supsetneqq (%) . . . . . . . 59
\supsetneqq (¥) . . . . . . . 60
\supsetneqq (⫌) . . . . . . . 60
\supsetneqq (⫌) . . . . . . . 60
\supsetneqq (⫌) . . . . . . . 61
\supsetplus (E) . . . . . . . 59
\supsetplus (») . . . . . . . 60
\supsetplus (⫀) . . . . . . . 61
\supsetpluseq (G) . . . . . 59
\supsetpluseq (½) . . . . . 60
\supsim (⫈) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\supsub (⫔) . . . . . . . . . . 61
\supsup (⫖) . . . . . . . . . . 61
‘
\surd ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
\surface (𝑧) . . . . . . . . . 125

\SurveySign ( ) . . . . . . . 166
svrsymbols (package) 125, 226,
227
\Swarrow (w) . . . . . . ...
\Swarrow () . . . . . . ...
\Swarrow (⇙) . . . . . . ...
\Swarrow (⇙) . . . . . . ...
\Swarrow (⇙) . . . . . . ...
\swarrow (Ö) . . . . . . ...
\swarrow (↘) . . . . . . 69,
\swarrow (↙) . . . . . . ...
\swarrow (↙) . . . . . . ...
\swarrow (↙) . . . . . . ...
\swarrowtail (&) . . . ...
\swarrowtail (&) . . . ...
\swbkarrow (f) . . . . ...
\Sweden (¥) . . . . . . . . . . . 178
\swfilledspoon (v) . . . . 84
\swfootline (~) . . . . . . . 49
\swfree (†) . . . . . . . . . . 49
\swharpoonccw (F) . . . . . 74
\swharpooncw (N) . . . . . . 74
\swharpoonnw (N) . . . . . . 78
\swharpoonse (F) . . . . . . 78
\Switzerland (¦) . . . . . . . 178
\swlcurvearrow (⤶) . . . . 76
\swlsquigarrow (¦) . . . . 71
\swmapsto (.) . . . . . . . . 71
\swModels (ö) . . . . . . . . 49
\swmodels (æ) . . . . . . . . 49
\swnearrows (†) . . . . . . 75
\swnearrows (ž) . . . . . . 71
\swnecurvearrow (ª) . . . 76
\swneharpoons (^) . . . . . 78
\swneharpoons (^) . . . . . 74
swords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\swords (⚔) . . . . . . . . . . 178
\swpitchfork (Ž) . . . . . . 84
\swrcurvearrow (¢) . . . . 76
\swrsquigarrow (®) . . . . 71
\swspoon (n) . . . . . . . . . 84
\swswarrows (~) . . . . . . 75
\swswarrows (–) . . . . . . 71
swung dash . . . . . . . see \sim
\swVdash (î) . . . . . . . . . 49
\swvdash (Þ) . . . . . . . . . 49
\syl (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
\syllabic (j) . . . . . . . . . 23
Á
\symA ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Û
\symAE ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Â
\symB ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\symbishop (B) . . . . . . . 170
Symbol (font) . . . . . . 89, 209
symbols 13–138, 147–186, 188,
203, 204, 206, 208, 214,
219–220, 222
actuarial . . . . . 105, 214
alpine . . . . . . . . . . . 166
ancient language 138–146
annuity . . . . . . 105, 214
APL . . . . . . 55–56, 121
astrological . . . 119, 120,
188–190
astronomical . . 119, 120,
174, 188–190
319
70 Begriffsschrift . . 109, 110
80 biological . . . . . . . . . 124
75 block-element . . . . . . 173
71 body-text . . . . . . . 13–26
82 bold . . . . . . . . 219–220
70 box-drawing . . . . . . . 173
213 chess . 169, 170, 204–205
75 cipher . . . . . . . . . . . 174
71 clock . 164–167, 180–181
82 communication . . . . . 123
75 computer . . . . . 181–184
71 computer hardware . . 121
75 contradiction . . . . 27, 86
cooking 178, 179, 181–184
countries . . . . . . . . . 176
crystallography 202–203
currency 24, 25, 114, 117
dangerous bend . . . . 164
database . . . . . . . . . 114
definition . . . . . . 27, 214
dictionary . . 16–19, 172
dingbat . . . . . . 126–137
dot . . . 13, 107–109, 213
electrical . . . . . . . . . 118
engineering 114, 118, 123
Epi-Olmec . . . . 144–146
extensible . 84, 102–107,
119, 208, 214–215
Feynman diagram . . . 125
file . . . . . . . . . . 181–184
Frege logic . . 84, 92, 109,
110, 115
frown . . . . . . . . . . 85, 86
game-related . . 136, 137,
166, 167, 169–171, 181–
184, 203–205
gates, digital logic . . 123
genealogical . . . . . . . 164
general . . . . . . . . . . 164
Go stones . . . . 170, 171
information . . . . . . . 165
informator . . . . . . . . 169
inverted . . 16–18, 23, 209
Isthmian . . . . . 144–146
keyboard . . . . . . . . . 122
knitting . . . . . . . . . . 176
Knuth’s . . . . . . . . . . 164
laundry . . . . . . . . . . 165
legal . 13, 14, 25, 26, 222
letter-like 91–93, 181–184
life insurance . . 105, 214
linear logic 27–29, 33, 34,
37, 41–43, 46, 58, 91, 92
linguistic . . . . . . . 16–19
log-like . . . . . . . 87, 219
logic . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Magic: The Gathering 204
magical signs . . . . . . 173
map . . . . . . . . 186–187
maps . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
mathematical . . . 27–117
media control . . . . . 164,
181–184
 METAFONTbook . . . 164
metrical . . . . . . 171, 172
miscellaneous . . 112–115,
137, 164–181, 185
monetary . . . 24, 25, 117
musical . . . 26, 147–163,
180–184
non-commutative division
. . . . . . . 107
particle physics . . . . 125
Phaistos disk . . . . . . 138
phonetic . . . . . . . 16–19
physical . . . . . . . . . . 118
pitchfork 47, 84, 86, 113
Pitman’s base 12 110, 168
present value . . 105, 214
proto-Semitic . . . . . . 138
pulse diagram . . . . . 118
recycling . 174, 175, 178,
180–184, 186
relational . . . . . . . . . 46
relational database . . 114
reversed . . . . . . . . . . 209
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
rotated . . 16–18, 23, 209
safety-related . . . . . . 124
scientific . . . . . 118–125,
202–203
semaphore . . . . 200–202
Simpsons characters . 172
smile . . . . . . . . . . 85, 86
Soyombo . . . . . . . . . 175
spoon . . . . . . . . . 84, 85
staves . . . . . . . . . . . 173
subset and superset 58–61
technological . . 118–125
TEXbook . . . . . . . . . 164
transliteration . . . . . 19
upside-down . . 16–18, 23,
209, 221
variable-sized 37–46, 206,
208
weather . . . 166, 180–181
Web . . . . . . . . 181–184
yin-yang . . . . . 165, 178,
180–181, 192
zodiacal 119, 120, 188–190
symbols.tex (file) . . 206, 225,
226
à \Telephone (
\symC ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\symking (K) . . . . . . . . . 170
\symknight (N) . . . . . . . 170
Ü tensor product . .
\symOE ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 117
\sympawn (p) . . . . . . . . . 170
\symqueen (Q) . . . . . . . . 170
\symrook (R) . . . . . . . . . 170
Ý
\symUE ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 117
\SYN (␖) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
T \Terra (L) . . . . . .
\T ... ... . .. . . . .
\T ( )
a ... . .. . . . .
\T ( ⊗) .. . .. . . . .
\t (a)
 ... . .. . . . .
\t (⊗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 teubner (package) 25, 109, 144,
t4phonet (package) 19, 22, 226 172, 226
\Tab ( −→−−→− ) . . . . . . . . . 122 TEX . . . . . . . . 11, 67, 68, 84,
\tabcolsep . . . . . . . . . . . 210 108, 119, 173, 206, 209–
tacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, 91 216, 218, 219, 221, 223,
\taild () . . . . . . . . . . . 18 224, 228
\tailinvr (H) . . . . . . . . . 18 .tex files . . . . . . . . 223, 224
\taill (0) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 TEXbook, The . 210, 212, 213,
\tailn (9) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 215, 219
\tailr (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 symbols from . . . . . . 164
\tails (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \text . . . . . . . . 27, 211, 213
\textacutedbl (˝) . . . . . 23
\tailt (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\textacutemacron (´ ā) . . . 20
\tailz (_) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\textacutewedge (´ ǎ) . . . . 20
\Takt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\textadvancing (affi) . . . . . 20
\talloblong (8) . . . . . . . 28
\textAlpha (Α) . . . . . . . . 14
\talloblong (;) . . . . . . . 35
\textalpha (α) . . . . . . . . 14
\talloblong (⫾) . . . . . . . 36
\textaolig (") . . . . . . . . 17
\tally (1 2 3 4 5 6) . . . 168
\textasciiacute (´) . 23, 222
tally markers . . . 142, 166, 168
\textasciibreve (˘) . . . . 23
\tan (tan) . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
\textasciicaron (ˇ) . . . . 23
\tanh (tanh) . . . . . . . . . . 87
\Tape (
\textasciicircum . . . . . . 13
\textasciicircum (^) 13, 221,
\Taschenuhr (–) . . . . . . 166 223
Tate-Shafarevich group see sha \textasciidieresis (¨) . 23,
222
\Tau (T) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\textasciigrave (`) . . . . 23
\tau (𝜏 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\textasciimacron . . . . . . 221
\Taurus (Q) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\textasciimacron (¯) 23, 222
\Taurus (c) . . . . . . . . . . 120
\textasciitilde . . . . . . 13
\Taurus (á) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\textasciitilde (˜) 13, 221,
\taurus (]) . . . . . . . . . . 119
223
tautology . . . . . . . . see \top
\textasteriskcentered (*) 13
\tauup (τ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\textasteriskcentered (∗) 13
\tccentigrade (℃) . . . . . 110
\textbabygamma (È) . . . . . 16
\tcmu (µ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\textbackslash . . . . . . . 13
\tcohm (Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . 110
\textbackslash (∖) . 220, 221
\tcpertenthousand (‱) 110
\textbaht (฿) . . . . . . . . . 24
\tcperthousand (‰) . . . . 110
\textbar . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
\td (a
..) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \textbar (|) . . . . . . 220, 221
\tddtstile ( ) ...... 57 \textbarb (b) . . . . . . . . . 16
\tdststile ( ) ....... 57 \textbarc (c) . . . . . . . . . 16
\textbard (d) . . . . . . . . . 16
\tdtstile ( ) ....... 57 \textbardbl (‖) . . . . . . . 13
\tdttstile ( ) . . . . . . 57 \textbardbl (‖) . . . . . . . 13
technological symbols 118–125 \textbardotlessj (é) . . . 16
\Telefon (T) . . . . . . . . . 123 \textbarg (g) . . . . . . . . . 16
(
) . . . . . . 166
\textbarglotstop (Ü) . . . 16
@
\textbari (1) . . . . . . . . . 16
\Telephone ( ) . . . . . . . 175
\textbarl (ł) . . . . . . . . . 16
Tennent, Bob . . . . . . . . . 27 \textbaro (8) . . . . . . . . . 16
see \otimes
\textbarrevglotstop (Ý) 16
\Tent ( ) . . . . . . . . .... 166 \textbaru (0) . . . . . . . . . 16
\tenuto ( ) . . . . . . . .... 152 \textbeltl (ì) . . . . . . . . 16
\Terminus (⊗) . . . . .... 171 \textbenttailyogh (B) . . 17
\terminus (⊗) . . . . . .... 171 \textBeta (Β) . . . . . . . . . 14
\Terminus* (⊕) . . . . .... 171 \textbeta (β) . . . . . . . 14, 16
\terminus* (⊕) . . . . .... 171 \textbigcircle (○) . . . . 13
. .... 120 \textbigcircle (○) . . . . 13
. . . . . 15 \tesh (Q) . . . . . . . . .... 18 \textbktailgamma (.) . . . 17
. . . . . 23 testfont.dvi (file) . .... 218 \textblank (␢) . . . . . . . . 26
. . . . . 171 testfont.tex (file) . 216, 218 \textblock ( ) . . . . . . . 173
. . . . . 19 \tetartemorion (Β) . .... 25 \textborn (b) . . . . . . . . . 164
320
\textbottomtiebar (a <) . . 20
\textbraceleft . . . . . . . 13
\textbraceright . . . . . . 13
\textbrevemacron (˘ ā) . . . 20
\textbrokenbar (¦) . . 26, 222
\textbullet (∙) . . . . . . . 13
\textbullet (•) . . . . 13, 223
\textbullseye (ò) . . . . . 16
\textcelsius (℃) . . 118, 224
\textceltpal ( ) . . . . . . . 16
\textcent (¢) . . . . . . 24, 222
\textcentoldstyle () . . 24
\textChi (Χ) . . . . . . . . . 14
\textchi (χ) . . . . . . . . 14, 16
\textcircled (○) . . . . . . 19
\textcircledP . . . . . . . . 25
\textcircledP (℗) . . . . 25
\textcircumacute (Ż a) . . . 20
\textcircumdot (ˆ ȧ) . . . . . 20
\textcloseepsilon (Å) . . 16
\textcloseomega (Ñ) . . . . 16
\textcloserevepsilon (Æ) 16
\textcolonmonetary (₡) . 24
\textcommatailz (Þ) . . . . 16
textcomp (package) . . 11, 13,
14, 19, 23–26, 69, 99, 114,
118, 147, 164, 206, 221,
223, 226
\textcopyleft . . . . . . . . 25
\textcopyleft («) . . . . 25
\textcopyright (○) c . . 13, 25
\textcopyright (©) . 13, 25,
222
\textcorner (^) . . . . . . . . 16
\textcrb (ă) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textcrd (ž) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\textcrd (ą) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textcrg (g) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textcrh (§) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\textcrh (è) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textcrinvglotstop (Û) . 16
\textcrlambda (ň) . . . . . 16
\textcrtwo (2) . . . . . . . . 16
\textctc (C) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textctd (ć) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textctdctzlig (ćý) . . . . 16
\textctesh (š) . . . . . . . . 16
\textctinvglotstop (D) . 17
\textctj (J) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textctjvar (2) . . . . . . . 17
\textctn (ő) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textctstretchc (%) . . . . 17
\textctstretchcvar (&) . 17
\textctt (ť) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textcttctclig (ťC) . . . . 16
\textctturnt (@) . . . . . . . 17
\textctyogh (ÿ) . . . . . . . 16
\textctz (ý) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textcurrency (¤) . . 24, 222
\textcypr . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
\textdagger (†) . . . . . . . 13
\textdagger (†) . . . . . . . 13
\textdaggerdbl (‡) . . . . . 13
\textdaggerdbl (‡) . . . . . 13
 \textfrhookd (’) . . . . . . 17
\textdbend ( ) . . . . . . . 164
\textdblhyphen (-) . . . . . 26
\textdblhyphenchar () . . 26
\textdblig ()) . . . . . . . 17
\textdctzlig (dý) . . . . . . 16
\textdegree (°) . . . 114, 222
\textDelta (Δ) . . . . . . . 14
\textdelta (δ) . . . . . . . . 14
\textdied (d) . . . . . . . . . 164
\textdiscount (œ) . . . . . 26
\textdiv (÷) . . . . . . . . . 114
\textdivorced (c) . . . . . 164
\textdkshade ( ) . . . . . 173
\textdnblock ( ) . . . . . 173
\textdollar ($) . . . . . . . 13
\textdollar ($) . . . . . 13, 24
\textdollaroldstyle () 24
\textdong (₫) . . . . . . . . . 24
\textdotacute (§ a) . . . . . 20
\textdotbreve (ă)˙ . . . . . 20
\textdoublebaresh (S) . . 16
\textdoublebarpipe (}) . 16
\textdoublebarpipevar (H) 17
\textdoublebarslash (= / ) 16
\textdoublegrave (‚ a) . . . 20
\textdoublegrave (a Ÿ) . . . 22
\textdoublepipe ({) . . . . 16
\textdoublepipevar (G) . 17
\textdoublevbaraccent (İ a) 20
\textdoublevbaraccent (a ¼) 22
\textdoublevertline (Ş) 16
\textdownarrow (↓) . . . . . 69
\textdownfullarrow (ˇ) . 17
\textdownstep (Ť) . . . . . . 16
\textdyoghlig (Ã) . . . . . 16
\textdzlig (dz) . . . . . . . . 16
\texteightoldstyle () . 26
\textellipsis . . . . . . . . 13
\textemdash . . . . . . . . . . 13
\textendash . . . . . . . . . . 13
\textEpsilon (Ε) . . . . . . 14
\textepsilon (¢) . . . . . . 19
\textepsilon (ε) . . . . 14, 16
\textesh (¬) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\textesh (S) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\textestimated (℮) . . . . 26
\textEta (Η) . . . . . . . . . 14
\texteta (η) . . . . . . . . . . 14
\texteuro (€) . . . . . . . . . 25
\texteuro (€) . . . . . . . . 24
\texteuro (€) . . . . . 24, 223
\textexclamdown . . . . . . 13
\textfallrise (Ż a) . . . . . 20
\textfemale (7) . . . . . . . 17
\textfishhookr (R) . . . . . 16
\textfiveoldstyle () . . 26
\textfjlig () . . . . . . . . 19
\textflorin (ƒ) . . . . . . . . 24
\textfouroldstyle () . . 26
\textfractionsolidus (⁄) 114
\textfrak . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
321
\textfrbarn (5) . . . . . . . 17
\textfrhookdvar (() . . . . 17
\textfrhookt (?) . . . . . . 17
\textfrtailgamma (-) . . . 17
\textg (ě) . . . . . . . . . . . 17
\textGamma (Γ) . . . . . . . . 14
\textgamma (γ) . . . . . . 14, 17
\textglobfall (Ů) . . . . . 17
\textglobrise (Ű) . . . . . 17
\textglotstop (P) . . . . . 16
\textglotstopvari (T) . . 17
\textglotstopvarii (U) . 17
\textglotstopvariii (V) 17
\textgoth . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\textgravecircum (Ž a) . . . 20
\textgravedbl () . . . . . 23
\textgravedot (đ a) . . . . . 20
\textgravemacron (` ā) . . . 20
\textgravemid (Ź a) . . . . . 20
\textgreater . . . . . . . . . 13
\textgreater (>) . . 220, 221
textgreek (package) 14, 89, 226,
227
\textgrgamma (,) . . . . . . 17
\textguarani () . . . . . . 24
\texthalflength (;) . . . . 16
\texthardsign (ż) . . . . . 16
\textheng (0) . . . . . . . . . 17
\texthighrise (Ÿ a) . . . . . 20
\texthmlig (4) . . . . . . . 17
\texthooktop (#) . . . . . . . 16
\texthtb ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\texthtb (á) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtbardotlessj (ê) . . 16
\texthtbardotlessjvar (3) 17
\texthtc (°) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\texthtc (Á) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtd (¡) . . . . . . . . . 19
\texthtd (â) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtg (ä) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthth (H) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texththeng (Ê) . . . . . . . 16
\texthtk (¨) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\texthtk (Î) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtp (±) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\texthtp (Ò) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtq (Ó) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtrtaild (č) . . . . . 16
\texthtscg (É) . . . . . . . . 16
\texthtt (º) . . . . . . . . . . 19
\texthtt (Ö) . . . . . . . . . . 16
\texthvlig (ß) . . . . . . . . 16
\textifsym . . . . . . . . . . . 118
\textinterrobang (‽) . . . 26
\textinterrobangdown (•) 26
\textinvglotstop (Û) . . . 16
\textinvomega (;) . . . . . 17
\textinvsca (p) . . . . . . . 17
\textinvscr (K) . . . . . . . 16
\textinvscripta (!) . . . . 17
\textinvsubbridge (a „) . . 20
\textIota (Ι) . . . . . . . . . 14
\textiota (à) . . . . . . . . . 19 \textknit{X} (X X) . . . . . 176 \textomikron (ο) . . . . . . 14
\textiota (ι) . . . . . . . 14, 16 \textknit{x} (x x) . . . . . 176 \textonehalf (½) . . 114, 222
\textKappa (Κ) . . . . . . . . 14 \textknit{Y} (Y Y) . . . . . 176 \textoneoldstyle . . . . . . 26
\textkappa (κ) . . . . . . . . 14 \textoneoldstyle () . . . 26
\textknit{y} (y y) . . . . . 176
\textknit . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 \textonequarter (¼) 114, 222
\textknit{Z} (Z Z) . . . . . 176
\textknit{2} (2 2) . . . . . 176 \textonesuperior (¹) 114, 222
\textknit{z} (z z) . . . . . 176 \textopenbullet (◦) . . . . 26
\textknit{3} (3 3) . . . . . 176
\textLambda (Λ) . . . . . . . 14 \textopencorner (_) . . . . 16
\textknit{4} (4 4) . . . . . 176 \textlambda (λ) . . . . . 14, 16 \textopeno (ª) . . . . . . . . 19
\textknit{5} (5 5) . . . . . 176 \textlangle (〈) . . . . 99, 221 \textopeno (O) . . . . . . . . 16
\textknit{6} (6 6) . . . . . 176 \textlbrackdbl (〚) . . . . . 99 \textordfeminine (a ) . . . 13
\textknit{7} (7 7) . . . . . 176 \textleaf (l) . . . . . . . . 164 \textordfeminine (ª) 13, 222
\textknit{8} (8 8) . . . . . 176 \textleftarrow (←) . . . . 69 \textordmasculine (o ) . . 13
\textlengthmark (:) . . . . 16
\textknit{9} (9 9) . . . . . 176 \textordmasculine (º) 13, 222
\textless . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
\textknit{"} (" ") . . . . . 176 \textless (<) . . . . 220, 221
\textovercross — (‰ a) . . . . . 20
\textknit{(} (( () . . . . . 176 \textoverw (a) . . . . . . . . 20
\textlfblock ( ) . . . . . 173
\textpalhook (%) . . . . . . . 16
\textknit{)} () )) . . . . . 176 \textlfishhookrlig (I) . 17
\textpalhooklong (ˆ) . . . 17
\textknit{*} (* *) . . . . . 176 ~
\textpalhookvar (˜) . . . . 17
\textknit{-} (- -) . . . . . 176 \textlhdbend ( ) . . . . . 164
\textparagraph (¶) . . . . 13
\textlhookfour (#) . . . . . 17
\textknit{:} (: :) . . . . . 176 \textparagraph (¶) . . . . 13
\textlhookp (<) . . . . . . . 17
\textknit{;} (; ;) . . . . . 176 \textlhookt (ş) . . . . . . . 16 \textperiodcentered (·) . 13
\textknit{<} (< <) . . . . . 176 \textlhti (1) . . . . . . . . . 17 \textperiodcentered (·) . 13,
\textknit{@} (@ @) . . . . . 176 \textlhtlongi (ę) . . . . . . 16 222
\textpertenthousand (%) 13
\textknit{[} ([ [) . . . . . 176 \textlhtlongy (ű) . . . . . 16
\textlinb . . . . . . . . 142, 143 \textpertenthousand (‱) 13
\textknit{]} (] ]) . . . . . 176
\textlira (₤) . . . . . . . . . 24 \textperthousand (%) . . 13
\textknit{A} (A A) . . . . . 176 \textperthousand (‰) . . 13,
\textlnot (¬) . . . . . 114, 222
\textknit{a} (a a) . . . . . 176 223
\textlonglegr (Ô) . . . . . . 16
\textknit{B} (B B) . . . . . 176 \textlooptoprevesh (>) . . 17 \textpeso (‘) . . . . . . . . . 24
\textknit{b} (b b) . . . . . 176 \textlowering (afl) . . . . . 20 \textPhi (Φ) . . . . . . . . . 14
\textknit{E} (E E) . . . . . 176 \textlowrise (Ź a) . . . . . . 20 \textphi (φ) . . . . . . . . 14, 16
\textPi (Π) . . . . . . . . . . 14
\textknit{F} (F F) . . . . . 176 \textlptr (¡) . . . . . . . . . 16
\textlquill (⁅) . . . . . . . 99 \textpi (π) . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\textknit{f} (f f) . . . . . 176
\textltailm (M) . . . . . . . 16 \textpilcrow (¶) . . . . . . 26
\textknit{H} (H H) . . . . . 176 \textpipe (|) . . . . . . . . . 19
\textltailn (©) . . . . . . . 19
\textknit{h} (h h) . . . . . 176 \textpipe (|) . . . . . . . . . 16
\textltailn (ñ) . . . . . . . 16
\textknit{I} (I I) . . . . . 176 \textltilde (ë) . . . . . . . 16 \textpipevar (F) . . . . . . . 17
\textknit{i} (i i) . . . . . 176 \textltshade ( ) . . . . . 173 \textpm (±) . . . . . . 114, 222
\textknit{J} (J J) . . . . . 176 \textlyoghlig (Ð) . . . . . 16 \textpmhg . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
\textknit{j} (j j) . . . . . 176 \textmarried (m) . . . . . . 164 \textpolhook (a˛ ) . . . . . . 20
\textmho (℧) . . . . . . . . . 118 \textprimstress (") . . . . 16
\textknit{L} (L L) . . . . . 176
\textmicro (μ) . . . . . . . . 14 \textproto . . . . . . . . . . . 138
\textknit{l} (l l) . . . . . 176 \textPsi (Ψ) . . . . . . . . . 14
\textmidacute (Ÿ a) . . . . . 20
\textknit{M} (M M) . . . . . 176 \textminus (−) . . . . . . . . 114 \textpsi (ψ) . . . . . . . . . . 14
\textknit{m} (m m) . . . . . 176 \textMu (Μ) . . . . . . . . . . 14 \textqplig (=) . . . . . . . 17
\textknit{O} (O O) . . . . . 176 \textmu (µ) . . . . . . . 118, 222 \textquestiondown . . . . . 13
\textknit{Q} (Q Q) . . . . . 176 \textmu (μ) . . . . . . . . . . . 14 \textquotedbl (") . . 15, 221
\textknit{q} (q q) . . . . . 176 \textmugreek (μ) . . . . . . 14 \textquotedblleft . . . . . 13
\textmusicalnote (♪) . . . 147 \textquotedblright . . . . 13
\textknit{R} (R R) . . . . . 176
\textnaira (₦) . . . . . . . . 24 \textquoteleft . . . . . . . 13
\textknit{r} (r r) . . . . . 176 \textquoteright . . . . . . 13
\textnineoldstyle () . . 26
\textknit{S} (S S) . . . . . 176 \textnrleg (6) . . . . . . . . 17 \textquotesingle (') 26, 221
\textknit{s} (s s) . . . . . 176 \textNu (Ν) . . . . . . . . . . 14 \textquotestraightbase (‚) .
\textknit{T} (T T) . . . . . 176 \textnu (ν) . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . . . . . . . . 26
\textknit{t} (t t) . . . . . 176 \textnumero (№) . . . . . . . 26 \textquotestraightdblbase
\textknit{U} (U U) . . . . . 176 \textObardotlessj (Í) . . 16 („) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
\textObullseye (9) . . . . 17 \textraiseglotstop (ij) . 16
\textknit{u} (u u) . . . . . 176
\textohm (Ω) . . . . . . . . . 118 \textraisevibyi (ğ) . . . . 16
\textknit{V} (V V) . . . . . 176
\textOlyoghlig (ŋ) . . . . . 16 \textraising (afi) . . . . . . 20
\textknit{v} (v v) . . . . . 176 \textOmega (Ω) . . . . . . . . 14 \textramshorns (7) . . . . . 16
\textknit{W} (W W) . . . . . 176 \textomega (ω) . . . . . . 14, 16 \textrangle (〉) . . . . 99, 221
\textknit{w} (w w) . . . . . 176 \textOmikron (Ο) . . . . . . 14 \textrbrackdbl (〛) . . . . . 99

322
\textrecipe (“) . . . . 26, 208 \textscm (w) . . . . . . . . . 17 \textsixoldstyle () . . . 26
\textrectangle (¨) . . . . . 17 \textscn (ð) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textsoftsign (ž) . . . . . . 16
\textreferencemark (※) . 26, \textscoelig (Œ) . . . . . . 16 \textspleftarrow (˝) . . . 17
27 \textscomega (ś) . . . . . . 16 \textsterling ($) . . . . . 13
\textregistered (○) r . 13, 25 \textscp (x) . . . . . . . . . . 17 \textsterling ($) . . . 13, 24
\textregistered (®) 13, 25, \textscq (y) . . . . . . . . . . 17 \textstretchc (Â) . . . . . 16
222 \textscr (ö) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textstretchcvar ($) . . . 17
\textretracting (affl) . . . . 20 \textscripta (A) . . . . . . 16 \textstyle . . . . 212, 213, 219
\textretractingvar (˚) . 17 \textscriptg (g) . . . . . . 16 \textsubacute (a) . . . . . 20
\textrevapostrophe (\) . . 16 \textscriptv (¬) . . . . . . . 19 \textsubarch (a)› . . . . . . 20
\textreve (9) . . . . . . . . . 16 \textscriptv (V) . . . . . . 16 \textsubbar (a)“ . . . . . . . 20
¯
\textrevepsilon (3) . 16, 209 \textscu (Ú) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textsubbridge (a ”) . . . . . 20
\textreversedvideodbend \textscy (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textsubcircum (a) . . . . . 20
\textseagull (a) . . . . . . 20 \textsubdot (a) ˆ. . . . . . . 20
( ) . . . . . . . . . . 164 \textsecstress (­) . . . . . 16 ˙
\textsubdoublearrow (˙) 17
\textrevglotstop (Q) . . . 16 \textsubgrave (a) . . . . . 20
\textsection (S) . . . . . . 13
\textrevscl (v) . . . . . . . 17 ‹ (a) . . 20
\textsection (§) . . . . . . 13 \textsublhalfring –
\textrevscr (z) . . . . . . . 17 \textsubplus (aff) . . . . . . 20
\textservicemark . . . . . . 25
\textrevyogh (ź) . . . . . . 16 \textsubrhalfring (a» ) . . 20
\textservicemark (℠) . . . 25
\textRho (Ρ) . . . . . . . . . 14 \textsubrightarrow (¯) . 17
\textsevenoldstyle () . 26
\textrho (ρ) . . . . . . . . . . 14 \textsubring (a) . . . . . . 20
\textSFi ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 173
\textrhooka ( ) . . . . . . . 17 \textsubsquare˚(a «) . . . . . 21
\textSFii ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173
\textrhooke (*) . . . . . . . 17 \textsubtilde (a) . . . . . 21
\textSFiii ( ) . . . . . . . . 173
\textrhookepsilon (+) . . 17 \textsubumlaut ˜(a) . . . . . 21
\textSFiv ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173
\textrhookopeno (:) . . . . 17 —) . . ¨. . . . . . . 21
\textsubw (a
\textSFix ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173
\textrhookrevepsilon (Ç) 16 \textsubwedge (a) . . . . . 21
\textSFl ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 173
\textrhookschwa (Ä) . . . . 16 ˇ (a
\textrhoticity (~) . . . . . 17
\textSFli ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173 \textsuperimposetilde &) 21
\textSFlii ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \textsuperscript . . . . . . 22
\textrightarrow (→) . . . 69
\textSFliii ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textsurd (√) . . . . . . . . . 114
\textringmacron (˚ ā) . . . . 20
\textSFliv ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \textswab . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\textrisefall (Ža) . . . . . 20
\textSFv ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 173 \textsyllabic (a) . . . . . 21
\textroundcap (“a) . . . . . 20
\textSFvi ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173 \textTau (Τ) . ". . . . . . . . 14
\textrptr (¿) . . . . . . . . . 17
\textSFvii ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \texttau (τ) . . . . . . . . . . 14
\textrquill (⁆) . . . . . . . 99
\textSFviii ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \texttctclig (tC) . . . . . . 16
\textrtaild (ð) . . . . . . . 19
\textSFx ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 173 \textteshlig (œ) . . . . . . 19
\textrtaild (ã) . . . . . . . 17
\textSFxi ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173 \textteshlig (Ù) . . . . . . 16
\textrtailhth (/) . . . . . 17
\textSFxix ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \textTheta (Θ) . . . . . . . . 14
\textrtaill (í) . . . . . . . . 17
\textSFxl ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173 \texttheta (θ) . . . . . . 14, 16
\textrtailn (ï) . . . . . . . 16
\textSFxli ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \textthing (N) . . . . . . . . 165
\textrtailr (ó) . . . . . . . 16
\textSFxlii ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textthorn (þ) . . . . . . . . 16
\textrtails (ù) . . . . . . . 16
\textSFxliii ( ) . . . . . . 173 \textthornvari (P) . . . . . 17
\textrtailt (») . . . . . . . 19
\textSFxliv ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textthornvarii (Q) . . . . 17
\textrtailt (ú) . . . . . . . 16
\textSFxlix ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textthornvariii (R) . . . 17
\textrtailz (ü) . . . . . . . 16
\textSFxlv ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \textthornvariv (S) . . . . 17
\textrtblock ( ) . . . . . 173
\textSFxlvi ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textthreeoldstyle () . 26
\textrthook ($) . . . . . . . . 16
\textSFxlvii ( ) . . . . . . 173 \textthreequarters (¾) 114,
\textrthooklong (´) . . . . 17
\textSFxlviii ( ) . . . . . 173 222
\textRubikUa (Ua ) . . 185 \textSFxx ( ) . . . . . . . . . 173 \textthreequartersemdash
\textsarab . . . . . . . . . . . 144 \textSFxxi ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 () . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
\textsca (À) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxii ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textthreesuperior (³) 114,
\textscaolig (q) . . . . . . 17 \textSFxxiii ( ) . . . . . . 173 222
\textscb (à) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxiv ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \texttildedot (˜ ȧ) . . . . . 21
\textscdelta (r) . . . . . . 17 \textSFxxv ( ) . . . . . . . . 173 \texttildelow (~) . . 26, 221
\textsce (ď) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxvi ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \texttimes (×) . . . . . . . . 114
\textscf (s) . . . . . . . . . . 17 \textSFxxvii ( ) . . . . . . 173 \texttoneletterstem (£) . 16
\textscg (å) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxviii ( ) . . . . . 173 \texttoptiebar (> a) . . . . . 21
\textsch (Ë) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxxix ( ) . . . . . . 173 \texttrademark (TM ) . 13, 25
\textschwa (¡) . . . . . . . . 19 \textSFxxxvi ( ) . . . . . . 173 \texttrademark (™) . 13, 25,
\textschwa (@) . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxxvii ( ) . . . . . 173 223
\textsci (I) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textSFxxxviii ( ) . . . . . 173 \texttslig (ţ) . . . . . . . . 16
\textscj (ĺ) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textshade ( ) . . . . . . . 173 \textturna (5) . . . . . . . . 16
\textsck (t) . . . . . . . . . . 17 \textSigma (Σ) . . . . . . . . 14 \textturncelig (ŕ) . . . . 16
\textscl (Ï) . . . . . . . . . . 16 \textsigma (σ) . . . . . . . . 14 \textturnglotstop (E) . . 17

323
\textturnh (4) . . . . . . . . 16
\textturnk (ľ) . . . . . . . . 16
\textturnlonglegr (Õ) . . 16
\textturnm (W) . . . . . . . 16
\textturnmrleg (î) . . . . 16
\textturnr (ô) . . . . . . . . 16
\textturnrrtail (õ) . . . . 16
\textturnsck (u) . . . . . . 17
\textturnscripta (6) . . . 16
\textturnscu ({) . . . . . . 17
\textturnt (Ø) . . . . . . . . 16
\textturnthree (C) . . . . . 17
\textturntwo (A) . . . . . . 17
\textturnv (2) . . . . . . . . 16
\textturnw (û) . . . . . . . . 16
\textturny (L) . . . . . . . . 16
\texttwelveudash () . . . 26
\texttwooldstyle . . . . . . 26
\texttwooldstyle () . . . 26
\texttwosuperior (²) 114, 222
\textuncrfemale (8) . . . . 17
\textunderscore . . . . . . 13
\textuparrow (↑) . . . . . . 69
\textupblock ( ) . . . . . 173
\textupfullarrow (˘) . . . 17
\textUpsilon (Υ) . . . . . . 14
\textupsilon (υ) . . . . 14, 16
\textupstep (Ţ) . . . . . . . 16
\textvbaraccent (IJ a) . . . . 21
\textvbaraccent (a ¿) . . . . 22
\textvertline (Š) . . . . . . 16
\textvibyi (ğ) . . . . . . . . 16
\textvibyy (ů) . . . . . . . . 17
\textvisiblespace . . . . . 13
\textwon (₩) . . . . . . . . . 24
\textwynn (ß) . . . . . . . . . 17
\textXi (Ξ) . . . . . . . . . . 14
\textxi (ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . 14
\textxswdown (U) . . . . . . 165
\textxswup (T) . . . . . . . 165
\textyen (¥) . . . . . . 24, 222
\textyogh (¶) . . . . . . . . . 19
\textyogh (Z) . . . . . . . . . 17
\textzerooldstyle () . . 26
\textZeta (Ζ) . . . . . . . . . 14
\textzeta (ζ) . . . . . . . . . 14
.tfm files . . 11, 186, 206, 224
tfrupee (package) 25, 226, 227
\TH (Þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 222
\th (þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 222
Thành, Hàn Th´ ^e . . . . . . . 214
\therefore (6) . . . . . . . . 48
\therefore (∴) . . . . . 47, 108
\therefore (µ) . . . . . . . . 54
\therefore (∴) . . . . . . . . 108
\therefore (∴) . . . . . . . . 108
\therefore (∴) . . . . . . . . 109
\Thermo . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
\thermod (⧧) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\Theta (Θ) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\theta (𝜃) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\thetaup (θ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\thething (N) . . . . . . . . 165
\thickapprox (≈) . . . . . . 47 \times (z) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\thickapprox (Â) . . . . . . 54 \times (×) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\thickapprox (≈) . . . . . . 52 \times (×) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\thickapprox (≈) . . . . . . 55 \times (×) . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\thicksim (∼) . . . . . . . . 47 Times Roman (font) . 24, 208
\thicksim (Ð) . . . . . . . . 54 \timesbar (⨱) . . . . . . . . . 30
\thicksim (∼) . . . . . . . . . 52 \timesbar (⨱) . . . . . . . . . 32
\thicksim (∼) . . . . . . . . . 55 timing (package) . . . . . . . 118
\thickvert (~) . . . . . . . . 95 tipa (package) . 16, 17, 19–22,
thin space . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 209, 226

\ThinFog ( ) . . . . . . . . . 166 tipx (package) . . . . . . 17, 226
\thinstar (⋆) . . . . . . . . . 34 \tminus (⧿) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\third (3) . . . . . . . . . . . 113 \tndtstile ( ) ...... 57
thirty-second note see musical
\tnststile ( ) ....... 57
symbols
\tntstile ( ) ....... 57
\thirtysecondNote ( Z ) . . 150


\tnttstile ( ) . . . . . . 57
\thirtysecondNoteDotted ( Z ) \to . . . . . . . see \rightarrow
. . . . . . . 150
\to (→) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
\thirtysecondNoteDottedDouble

\ToBottom (½) . . . . . . . . . 164
( Z ) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \toea (⤨) . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
\thirtysecondNoteDottedDoubleDown\tona (⤧) . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Z
(
) . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
\thirtysecondNoteDottedDown \Tongey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
Z
(
) . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 \top (⊤) . . . . . . . 28, 91, 212
Z
\thirtysecondNoteDown ( ) . . \top (⊤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
. . . . . . . 150 \top (⊺) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\top (⊤) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

\Thorn (Þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\thorn (p) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \topborder ( ) . . . . . . . 171
\thorn (B) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \topbot (⊥⊤) . . . . . . 212, 213
\thorn (þ) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \topbot (⌶) . . . . . . . . . . 92
thousandths . . . . . . . . . . see \Topbottomheat (
) . . . . 178
\textperthousand \topcir (⫱) . . . . . . . . . . . 114
\threeBeamedQuavers ( Z Z Z) . \topdoteq (“) . . . . . . . . 48
. . . . . . . 150 \topfork (ÿ) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\threeBeamedQuaversI ( Z Z Z ) \topfork (⫚) . . . . . . . . . . 55
. . . . . . . 150 \Topheat () . . . . . . . . . 178
\threeBeamedQuaversII \topsemicircle (◠) . . . . 134
( Z Z Z) . . . . . . . . . 150 torus (T) see alphabets, math
\threeBeamedQuaversIII \tosa (⤩) . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
( Z Z Z) . . . . . . . . . 150 \ToTop (¼) . . . . . . . . . . . 164
\threedangle (⟀) . . . . . . 112 \towa (⤪) . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
\threedotcolon (⫶) . . . . 32 \tplus (⧾) . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\threesim (∼ ∼
∼) . . . . . . . . 211 \TR (\
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
thumb pizzicato . . . . . . . . see trademark . . . 13, 25, 222, 223
\lilyThumb registered . . . 13, 25, 222
tick . . . . . . . see check marks \TransformHoriz ( ) . . 58

\tieinfty (⧝) . . . . . . . . 111 transforms . . . . . . . . 58, 107
Tik Z (package) . 179–181, 185
\TransformVert ( ) . . . . 58
tikzsymbols (package) 179, 180,
transliteration . . . . . . . 19, 23
226, 227
semitic . . . . . . . . . 19, 23
tilde 13, 16, 18, 20–21, 23, 26,
100, 102, 105, 214, 221 transliteration symbols . . 19
extensible . . . . 102, 105 transpose . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
vertically centered . . 221 transversal intersection . . see
\tilde ( ̃ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \pitchfork
\tilde (˜) . . . . . . . 100, 214 \trapezium (⏢) . . . . . . . 134
\tildel (-) . . . . . . . . . . 18
time of day . . . . . . . 166, 167 \trebleclef ( G) . . . . . 148
time signatures . . . . . . . . 151
\timelimit (T) . . . . . . . 169 trees . . . . . . . . . . . . 179, 204
\times (×) . . . . . . . . . . . 28 trema (ä) . . . . . . see accents
324
trfsigns (package) . 58, 92, 107,
226
\triangle (△) . . . . . . . . 112
\triangle (△) . . . . . . 35, 68

\triangle ( ) . . . . . . . . 171
\triangle (△) . . . . . . . . 67
\triangle (△) . . . . . 36, 134
triangle relations . . . . . 66–68
\trianglecdot (◬) . . . . 134
o
\TriangleDown ( ) . . . . . 135
\triangleserifs (⧍) . . . 36 \twoheadleftdbkarrow (⬷) 82
\triangletimes (⨻) . . . . 36 \twoheadmapsfrom (⬶) . . 82
\triangleubar (⧋) . . . . 134 \twoheadmapsto (⤅) . . . . 82
n \twoheadnearrow () . . . 75
\TriangleUp ( ) . . . . . . 135
1
\TriangleUp ( ) . . . . . . 135
\twoheadnearrow () . . . 72
n 1
\TriangleUp ( vs. ) . . 207
\twoheadnwarrow () . . . 75
\twoheadnwarrow () . . . 72
\Tribar ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 180 \twoheadrightarrow () 69
\trident ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\twoheadrightarrow (˜) . 80
\trident ( ) . . . . . . . . . .
E
\trill ( ) . . . . . . . . . . .
179
148
\twoheadrightarrow (↠) 75

3
\TriangleDown ( ) . . . . . 135 \Trine (u) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\twoheadrightarrow (↠) 72

o 3
\twoheadrightarrow (↠) . 82
\TriangleDown ( vs. ) 207 \triple . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 \twoheadrightarrowtail (⤖)
\triangledown (O) . . . . . 112 \triplefrown () . . . . . . 85 . . . . . . . . 82
\triangledown (í) . . . . . 133 \tripleplus (⧻) . . . . . . . 32 \twoheadsearrow () . . . 75
\triangledown (▽) . . . 35, 68 \triplesim (≋) . . . . . . . . 52 \twoheadsearrow () . . . 72
\triangledown (▽) . . . . . 67 \triplesim (≋) . . . . . . . . 49 \twoheadswarrow () . . . 75
\triangledown (▿) . . . . . 134 \triplesmile () . . . . . . 85 \twoheadswarrow () . . . 72
\triangleeq (≜) . . . . . . . 68 \trprime (‴) . . . . . . . . . 111 \twoheaduparrow ( ) . . . . 80
\triangleeq (≜) . . . . . . . 67 \trslash (⫻) . . . . . . . . . 32 \twoheaduparrow (↟) . . . . 75
2
\TriangleLeft ( ) . . . . . 135
trsym (package) . . . . . 58,
\tsbm ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . .
226
171
\twoheaduparrow (↟) . . . . 72
\twoheaduparrow (↟) . . . . 82
\triangleleft (Ÿ) . . . . . 66
\triangleleft (▷) . . . . . 28 \tsdtstile ( ) . . . . . . 57 \twoheaduparrowcircle (⥉) 82
\triangleleft (ÿ) . . 68, 133 \tsmb ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \twoheadwhiteuparrow (*) 80
\triangleleft (◁) . . . 35, 68 \tsmm ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 \twoheadwhiteuparrowpedestal
\triangleleft (◁) . . . . . 67 \tsststile ( ) . . . . . . . 57 (+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
\triangleleftblack (◭) 134 \Tsteel (œ) . . . . . . . . . . 123 \twonotes (♫) . . . . . . . . 147
\trianglelefteq (IJ) . . . 66 \tststile ( ) ....... 57 \twonotes () . . . . . . . . . 147
\trianglelefteq (E) . . . 66 txfonts (package) . . . . . . . 27,
\tsttstile ( ) ...... 57
\trianglelefteq (ç) . . . 68 29, 39, 48, 59, 62, 70, 86,
\trianglelefteq (⊴) . . . . 68 \ttdtstile ( ) ...... 57 89–91, 112, 116, 136, 206,
\trianglelefteq (⊴) . . 63, 67 \ttimes (() . . . . . . . . . . 31 208, 221, 226
\trianglelefteq (⊴) . . . . 68 \TTsteel (š) . . . . . . . . . 123 type1cm (package) . . . . . . 206
\trianglelefteqslant (P) 66 \typecolon (⦂) . . . . . . . . 32
\ttststile ( ) ....... 57
\trianglelefteqslant (Ò) 68 Type 1 (font) . . . . . . . . . 218
\triangleminus (⨺) . . . . 36 \tttstile ( ) ....... 57
U
\triangleodot (⧊) . . . . 134 \ttttstile ( ) ...... 57 \U (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 23
\triangleplus (⨹) . . . . 36 TUGboat . . . . . . . .102, 228 ¼˘) . . . . . . . . . .
\U (a . . ... 19
\triangleq (,) . . . . . 27, 66 \Tumbler () . . . . .
. . . . 165 \U (
a) . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 19
\triangleq (Ø) . . . . . . . . 54 D
\turn () . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 148 \u (ă) . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 19
\triangleq (≜) . . . . . . . . 68 \turnangle (⦢) . . . .
. . . . 112 \UA (^) . . . . . . . . . . . ... 121
\triangleq (≜) . . . . . . . . 67 \turnedbackneg (⨽) . . . . 113 \UArrow ( ↑ ) . . . . . ... 122
\triangleq (≜) . . . . . . . . 68 \turnediota (℩) . . . . . . . 90 \UB (<) . . . . . . . . . . . ... 149
4
\TriangleRight ( ) . . . . 135 \turnedneg (⨼) . . .
\turnednot (⌙) . . .
. . . . . 113
. . . . . 114
\ubar (u) . . . . . . . . . ... 18
\triangleright (Ź) . . . . 66 \ubarbbrevis (ε) . . ... 172
turnstile (package) . . . 57, 226
J
\triangleright (◁) . . . . . 28 \ubarbrevis (δ) . . . . ... 172
\triangleright (þ) . . 68, 133 \TwelweStar ( ) . . . . . . 131 \ubarsbrevis (φ) . . ... 172
\triangleright (▷) . . 35, 68 twiddle . . . . . . . . .. see tilde \ubrbrak (⏡) . . . . . . ... 114
\triangleright (▷) . . . . 67 \twoBeamedQuavers ( C C ) . 150 \ubrevislonga (κ) . . ... 172
\trianglerightblack (◮) 134 \twocaps (⩋) . . . . . . . . . 32 ubulb.fd (file) . . . . . ... 218
\trianglerighteq (İ) . . 66 \twocups (⩊) . . . . . . . . . 32 ucs (package) . . . . . . . ... 224
\trianglerighteq (D) . . 66 \twoheaddownarrow (
) . . 80 \udesc (u) . . . . . . . . ... 18
\trianglerighteq (æ) . . . 68 \twoheaddownarrow (↡) . . 75 udingbat.fd (file) . . . ... 194
\trianglerighteq (⊵) . . . 68 \twoheaddownarrow (↡) . . 71 \udot (¨) . . . . . . . . . . ... 29
\trianglerighteq (⊵) . 63, 67 \twoheaddownarrow (↡) . . 82 \udotdot () . . . . . . . 30, 108
\trianglerighteq (⊵) . . . 68 \twoheadleftarrow () . 69 \udotdot () . . . . . . . 30, 108
\trianglerighteqslant (Q) 66 \twoheadleftarrow (™) . 80 \udots (⋰) . . . . . . . . ... 108
\trianglerighteqslant (Ó) 68 \twoheadleftarrow (↞) . 75 \udots (⋰) . . . . . . . . ... 108
triangles 112, 120, 123, 132–136, \twoheadleftarrow (↞) . 72 \udtimes (]) . . . . . . ... 32
157–161, 170, 171, 186– \twoheadleftarrow (↞) . 82 \UHORN (Ư) . . . . . . . . ... 15
187, 202–203 \twoheadleftarrowtail (⬻) . \uhorn (ư) . . . . . . . . ... 15
\triangles (⧌) . . . . . . . 134 . . . . . . . . 82 \ularc (◜) . . . . . . . . ... 114

325
\ulblacktriangle (◤) . . 134 \underparen ( ) . . . 103 \upblackspoon (m) . . . . . 85
\ulcorner (x) . . . . . . . . . 93 ⏝⏝ 
\upbow () . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\underparenthesis (⏟ ) 214,
\ulcorner (p) . . . . . . . . . 93 \upbowtie (⧖) . . . . . . . 30, 31
\ulcorner (Ø) . . . . . . . . . 93 215 \upbracketfill . . . . . . . 215
\underrightarrow ( ) . . . 103 \upchi (χ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
⃖⃗
\ulcorner (⌜) . . . . . . . . . 96 \underrightarrow (− →) . . 102 \updasharrow (") . . . . . . 80
\underrightharp (⇀) . . . . 84 \updasharrow (⇡) . . . . . . 82
\ulcorner (⌜) . . . . . . . . . 95 \underrightharpdown (⇁) 84 \Updelta (∆) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\updelta (δ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\underrightharpoon ( ) . 103
\ulcorner (⌜) . . . . . . . . . 93 ⃖⃑ \Updownarrow (⇕) . . . . 69, 94
\underring (y) . . . . . . . . 23
\Updownarrow (⇕) . . . . . . 75
\ullcorner (S) . . . . . . . . 96 underscore . . . see underline ⇑
Ë
Ë
underscore (package) . . . . 13 Ë
\underset . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 \Updownarrow ( Ë ⇓) . . . . . 97
\ullcorner (6) . . . . . . . . 95 \Updownarrow (⇕) . . . . . . 72
undertilde (package) . 105, 226
\undertilde (|) . . . . . . . 23 \Updownarrow (⇕) . . . . . . 82
⇑
\ulrcorner (Y) . . . . . . . . 96 \underwedge (}) . . . . . . . 23 ⇑
⇑
\Updownarrow ( ⇑ ⇑
⇑) . . . . . 98
⇑
Unicode . . . 11, 173, 223–225
\updownarrow (↕)⇓ . . . . 69, 94
\ulrcorner (;) . . . . . . . . 95 union . . . . . . . . . . . see \cup ↑
unit disk (D) . . see alphabets, È
È
È
ulsy (package) 33, 86, 209, 226 math \updownarrow ( È ↓) . . . . . 97
\ultriangle (◸) . . . . . . . 134 \unitedpawns (u) . . . . . . 169 \updownarrow (↕) . . . . . . 75
a) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\Umd ( ̃︂ units (package) . . . . . . . . 114 \updownarrow (↕) . . . . . . 72
\uminus (⩁) . . . . . . . . . . 32 unity (1) see alphabets, math ↑
⏐
⏐
universa (package) . . 136, 165, \updownarrow ( ⏐ ⏐
⏐) . . . . . . 98
⏐
umlaut (ä) . . . . . see accents
226 \updownarrow (↕)↓ . . . . . . 82
umranda (package) . . 192, 226
\unlhd (E) . . . . . . . . . 28, 29 \updownarrowbar () . . . . 80
umrandb (package) . . 193, 226
\unlhd (⊴) . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \updownarrowbar (↨) . . . . 82
unary operators . . . . . . . . 27
\unlhd (⊴) . . . . . . . . . 63, 67 \updownarrows (Ö) . . . . . 70
\unclear (k) . . . . . . . . . 169
\unlhd (⊴) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \updownarrows (⇅) . . . . . 75
\underaccent . . . . . . . . . 214
\unrhd (D) . . . . . . . . . 28, 29 \updownarrows (™) . . . . . 72
\underarc (a ) . . . . . . . . . 22
⌣
\unrhd (⊵) . . . . . . . . . . . 65 \updownarrows (⇅) . . . . . 82
\underarch (a) . . . . . . . . 21 \updownblackarrow (2) . . 80
\underbrace (loomoon) . . . . 104 \unrhd (⊵) . . . . . . . . . 63, 67
\unrhd (⊵) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \updowncurvearrow (¥) . . 76
\underbrace ( ) . . . . . . 103 \updownharpoonleftleft (⥑) .
ÍÑÏ \upalpha (α) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\underbrace ( ) . . . . . . . 103 \upand (⅋) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . 83
® \UParrow (K) . . . . . . . . . . 164 \updownharpoonleftright (⥍)
\underbrace (⏟ ⏞ ) . . . . . 104 . . . . . . . . 78
\Uparrow (⇑) . . . . . . . . 69, 94
\underbrace ( ) . . . 103 \Uparrow (⇑) . . . . . . . . . . 75 \updownharpoonleftright (Q)
⏟⏟⏟
⇑
Ë . . . . . . . . 74
\underbrace (⏟ ⏞ ) . . . . . 102 Ë
Ë
\Uparrow ( Ë Ë) . . . . . . . . 96 \updownharpoonleftright (⥍)
\underbracket ( ) . . . . . 104 . . . . . . . . 83
\Uparrow (⇑) . . . . . . . . . . 72
\updownharpoonrightleft (⥌)
\underbracket ( ) . . . 103 \Uparrow (⇑) . . . . . . . . . 82
⎵ . . . . . . . . 78
⇑
\underbracket ( ) . 214, 215 \Uparrow ( ⇑ ⇑
⇑
⇑ ) . . . . . . . . 98 \updownharpoonrightleft (U)
⇑
⇑
\underdots (r) . . . . . . . . 23 \uparrow (↑) . . . . 69, 94, 206 . . . . . . . . 74
↑
È \updownharpoonrightleft (⥌)
\undergroup (looo n) . . . . . 104 È
È
\undergroup ( ) . . . . . . . 103 \uparrow ( È È) . . . . . . . . . 96 . . . . . . . . 83
ÍÏ \uparrow (↑) . ......... 75 \updownharpoonrightright (⥏)
\undergroup ( ) . . . . . . 103 . . . . . . . . 83
´¶ \uparrow (↑) . ......... 72
\updownharpoons (ê) . . . . 71
↑
\underleftarrow ( ) . . . . 103 \uparrow ( ⏐
⏐
⏐
⏐) ...... . . . 98 \updownharpoons (⥮) . . . 78
⃖⃖ ⏐
⏐
\underleftarrow (← −) . . . 102 \uparrow (↑) . ...... . . . 82 \updownharpoons (⥮) . . . . 74
\underleftharp (↼) . . . . . 84 \uparrowbarred (⤉) . . . . . 82 \updownharpoonsleftright
\underleftharpdown (↽) . 84 \uparrowoncircle (⦽) . . 134 (⥮) . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
\underleftharpoon ( ) . . 103 \uparrowtail (!) . . . . . . 75 \updownharpoonsleftright
⃐⃖ \uparrowtail (!) . . . . . . 72 (⥮) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
\underleftrightarrow ( ) 103
\upAssert (⫨) . . . . . . . . 52 \Updownline (∥) . . . . . . . 50
\underleftrightarrow (⃖← ⃗ ) .
→ \upassert (⫠) . . . . . . . . 52 \updownline (∣) . . . . . . . 49
. . . . . . . 102 \upbackepsilon (϶) . . . . . 90 \updownsquigarrow (‘) . . 76
underline . . . 13, 27, 102, 105 \upbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \updownwavearrow (‘) . . . 75
\underline ( ) . . . . . . . . 102 \upbeta (β) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \updownwhitearrow (,) . . 80
\underlinesegment ( ) . 103 \upbkarrow (⇡) . . . . . . . . 75 \upepsilon (ε) . . . . . . . . 89
¬
­
\upblackarrow (/) . . .
z
x
\underlinesegment ( ) . . 103 . . . 80 \upeta (η) . . . . . . . . . . . 89

326
\upfilledspoon (q) . . . . . 84 \uppsi (ψ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \urcorner (y) . . . . . . . . . 93
\upfishtail (⥾) . . . . . . . 55 upquote (package) . . . . . . 221 \urcorner (q) . . . . . . . . . 93
\upfootline (y) . . . . . . . 50 \uprcurvearrow () . . . . . 76 \urcorner (Ù) . . . . . . . . . 93
\upfree () . . . . . . . . . . 50 \uprho (ρ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\Upgamma (Γ) . . . . . . . . . . 89 upright Greek letters . . 14, 89 \urcorner (⌝) . . . . . . . . . 97
\upgamma (γ) . . . . . . . . . . 89 \uprightcurvearrow (⤴) 76
upgreek (package) 14, 89, 226 \uprightcurvearrow (⤴) . 82 \urcorner (⌝) . . . . . . . . . 95
\upharpoonccw (↿) . . . . . . 74 \uprsquigarrow () . . . . . 76
\upharpooncw (↾) . . . . . . 74 \uprsquigarrow (©) . . . . . 72 \urcorner (⌝) . . . . . .... 93
\upharpoonleft (ä) . . . . . 71 upside-down symbols . . . . 221 url (package) . . . . . . .... 221
\upharpoonleft () . . . . . 69 upside-down symbols . 16–18, \urtriangle (◹) . . . .... 134
\upharpoonleft (Ž) . . . . . 80 23, 209 urwchancal (package) 116, 226
\upharpoonleft (↿) . . . . . 78 \Upsigma (Σ) . . . . . . . . . . 89 \US () . . . . . . . . . . 121, 122
\upharpoonleft (↿) . . . . . 83 \upsigma (σ) . . . . . . . . . . 89 \US () . . . . . . . . . . .... 122
\upharpoonleftbar (⥠) . . 83 \Upsilon (ϒ) . . . . . . . . . 88 \usepackage . . . . . . .... 11
\upharpoonright (æ) . . . . 71 \upsilon (𝜐) . . . . . . . . . . 88 ffi
\usf () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\upharpoonright () . . . . 69 \upsilonup (υ) . . . . . . . . 89
\upharpoonright (Œ) . . . . 80 \upslice (À) . . . . . . . . . 34
»
\usfz () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
ushort (package) 105, 226, 227
\upharpoonright (↾) . . . . 78 \upspoon (⫯) . . . . . . . . . . 85
\ushort ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 105
\upharpoonright (↾) . . . . 83 \upspoon (⫯) . . . . . . . . . . 84
\ushortdw ( ) . . . . . . . . . 105
\upharpoonrightbar (⥜) . 83 \upt (l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
\upharpoonsleftright (⥣) 83 \uptau (τ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \ushortw ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 105
\upin (⟒) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \uptherefore (∴) . . . . . . 108 \ut (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
UTF-8˜ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
upint (stix package option) 36, \uptherefore (∴) . . . 30, 108
37, 44, 45 utf8x (inputenc package option)
\Uptheta (Θ) . . . . . . . . . 89
\upint (⨛) . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 . . . . . . . 224
\uptheta (θ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\utilde ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 105
\upintsl (⨛) . . . . . . . . . . 45 \uptodownarrow (þ) . . . . 70
\utimes (() . . . . . . . . 30, 31
̃︀
\upintup (⨛) . . . . . . . . . . 45 \uptodownarrow (ê) . . . . 80
\upuparrows (Ò) . . . . . . . 70 \utimes (^) . . . . . . . . . . 32
\upiota (ι) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\upuparrows () . . . . . . 69 \utimes ($) . . . . . . . . . . 30
\upkappa (κ) . . . . . . . . . . 89
\upuparrows (–) . . . . . . . 80 Utopia (font) . . . . . . . . 24, 46
\Uplambda (Λ) . . . . . . . . . 89
\upuparrows (⇈) . . . . . . . 75 \UU () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\uplambda (λ) . . . . . . . . . 89
\upuparrows (⇈) . . . . . . . 72 \UUparrow (⟰) . . . . . . . . 82
\uplcurvearrow (•) . . . . . 76
⟰
\upleftcurvedarrow (™) 76 \upuparrows (⇈) . . . . . . . 82 \UUparrow ( ⟰ ⟰) . . . . . . 98
⟰
⟰
⟰
\uplett . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 \upupharpoons (Ú) . . . . . 71 \Uuparrow (⤊)⟰. . . . . . . . . 75
\uplsquigarrow (‰) . . . . . 76 \Upupsilon (Υ) . . . . . . . . 89 \Uuparrow (⤊) . . . . . . . . 82
\uplsquigarrow (¡) . . . . . 72 \upupsilon (υ) . . . . . . . . 89 ⤊
\uplus (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \upvarepsilon (ε) . . . . . . 89 \Uuparrow ( ⤊ ⤊) . . . . . . . 98
⤊
⤊
⤊
\uplus (⊎) . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \upvarphi (ϕ) . . . . . . . . . 89 uwebo.fd (file)⤊ . . . . . . . . 191
\uplus (…) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \upvarpi (ϖ) . . . . . . . . . 89
\uplus (⊎) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \upvarrho (ρ) . . . . . . . . . 89 V
\uplus (⊎) . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \upvarsigma (σ) . . . . . . . 89 \v (ǎ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
\uplus (⊎) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \upvartheta (ϑ) . . . . . . . 89 \vara (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\Upmapsto (-) . . . . . . . . . 75 \upVDash (ù) . . . . . . . . . 52 \varamalg (⨿) . . . . . . . . . 30
\upmapsto (↥) . . . . . . . . . 75 \upVdash (⍊) . . . . . . . . . 52 \varangle () . . . . . . . . 112
\upmapsto (↥) . . . . . . . . . 72 \upVdash (⍊) . . . . . . . . . 50 \varbarwedge (⌅) . . . . . . 32
\upModels (ñ) . . . . . . . . . 50 \upvDash (⫫) . . . . . . . . . 52 \varbeta (/) . . . . . . . . . . 90
\upmodels (í) . . . . . . . . 52 \upvdash (⊥) . . . . . . . . . 52 \varbigcirc (,) . . . . . . 28
\upmodels (á) . . . . . . . . . 50 \upvdash (⊥) . . . . . . . . . . 50 \varbigtriangledown (▽) 134
\upmu (µ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \upwavearrow () . . . . . . 75 \varbigtriangleup (△) . 134
\upnu (ν) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \upwhitearrow ($) . . . . . . 80 \varcap (±) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\Upomega (Ω) . . . . . . . . . 89 \upwhitearrow (⇧) . . . . . 82 \varCapricorn (Z) . . . . . 120
\varcarriagereturn (⏎) . 82
›
\upomega (ω) . . . . . . . . . 89 \Upxi (Ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\upp (t) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 \upxi (ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \VarClock ( ) . . . . . . . . 166
\upparenthfill . . . . . . . 215 \upY (-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \varclub (♧) . . . . . . . . . 137
\Upphi (Φ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \upY ()) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \varclubsuit (p) . . . . . . 136
\upphi (φ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \upzeta (ζ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \varclubsuit (♧) . . . . . . 137
\Uppi (Π) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \Uranus (G) . . . . . . . . . . 120 \varcoppa (ϙ) . . . . . . . . . 144
\uppi (π) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \Uranus (F) . . . . . . . . . . 120 \varcoprod (∐) . . . . . . . 42
\uppitchfork (⋔) . . . . . . 86 \Uranus (Ç) . . . . . . . . . . . 119 \varcup (°) . . . . . . . . . . 31
\uppitchfork (⋔) . . . . . . 84 \uranus (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . 119 \varcurlyvee () . . . . . . 28
\uppropto () . . . . . . . . . 50 \urarc (◝) . . . . . . . . . . . 114 \varcurlywedge ( ) . . . . 28
\Uppsi (Ψ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89 \urblacktriangle (◥) . . 134 \vardiamond (♦) . . . . . . . 137

327
\vardiamondsuit (q) . . . . 136
\vardiamondsuit (♦) . . . 136
\vardiamondsuit (♦) . . . . 137
\vardigamma ()) . . . . . . . 144
\vardoublebarwedge (⌆) . 32
\vardownwavearrow () . . 75
\varEarth (J) . . . . . . . . . 120
\varepsilon (𝜀) . . . . . . . 88
\varepsilon (") . . . . . . . 90
\varepsilon (𝜀) . . . . . . . 90
\varepsilonup (ε) . . . . . . 89
\VarFlag ( ) . . . . . . . . . 166
varg (txfonts/pxfonts package op-
tion) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\varg (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\varg (ƒ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\varg (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\vargeq (ľ) . . . . . . . . . . 62
\varhash (#) . . . . . . . . . 113
\varhash (?) . . . . . . . . . 54
\varheart (♥) . . . . . . . . 137
\varheartsuit (r) . . . . . 136
\varheartsuit (♥) . . . . . 136
\varheartsuit (♥) . . . . . 137
\varhexagon (⬡) . . . . . . . 134
\varhexagon (9) . . . . . . . 132
\varhexagonblack (⬢) . . 134
\varhexagonlrbonds (⌬) . 134
\varhexstar (B) . . . . . . . 131
\varhookdownarrow (3) . . 75
\varhookleftarrow (↩) . 75
\varhooknearrow (⤤) . . . 75
\varhooknwarrow (⤣) . . . 75
\varhookrightarrow (↪) . 75
\varhooksearrow (⤥) . . . 75
\varhookswarrow (⤦) . . . 75
\varhookuparrow (9) . . . . 75
\vari (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
variable-sized symbols 37–46,
206, 208

\VarIceMountain ( ) . . . 166
\varinjlim (lim) . . . . . . . 87
r −→
\varint ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . 38
\varintercal (ó) . . . . . . 31
\various (R) . . . . . . . . . 169
\varisinobar (⋶) . . . . . . 55
) . . . . 48 \varsupsetneq (⊋) . . . .
\varisins (¸) . . . . . . . . . 54
\varisins (⋳) . . . . . . . . . 55
\varkappa (κ) . . . . . . . . 88
\varkappa (.) . . . . . . . . . 90
\varkappa (𝜘) . . . . . . . . . 90
\varleftrightwavearrow (↭)
. . . . . . . . 75
\varleftwavearrow (↜) . 75
\varleq (ĺ) . . . . . . . . . . 62
\varliminf (lim) . . . . . . . 87
\varlimsup (lim) . . . . . . . 87
\varlrtriangle (⊿) . . . . 134
\varlrttriangle (ä) . 68, 133
\varmathbb . . . . . . . . . . . 116
\varmodtwosum (⨊) . . . . . 43
\varMoon (a) . . . . . . . . . . 120

\VarMountain ( ) . . . . . . 166
\varniobar (⋽) . . . . . . . . 55 \varpropto (∝) . . . . . . . 52
\varnis (¹) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \varpropto (∝) . . . . . . . . 50
\varnis (⋻) . . . . . . . . . . 55 \varpropto (∝) . . . . . . . . 55
\varnothing (∅) . . . . 27, 112 \varrho (𝜚) . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\varnothing (Á) . . . . . . . 114 \varrho (%) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\varnothing (∅) . . . . . . . 113 \varrho (%) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\varnothing (∅) . . . . . . . 113 \varrho (𝜚) . . . . . . . . . . . 90
\varnothing (∅) . . . . . . . 111 \varrhoup (%) . . . . . . . . . 89
\varnotin (T) . . . . . . . . . 91 \varrightwavearrow (↝) . 75
\varnotowner (U) . . . . . . 91 \Varsampi (_) . . . . . . . . . 144
\varoast () . . . . . . . . . 28 \varsampi (,) . . . . . . . . . 144
\varobar () . . . . . . . . . 28
\varobslash () . . . . . . . 28
\varsigma (𝜍) . . . . . . . . . 88
\varsigma (&) . . . . . . . . . 90
\varocircle () . . . . . . . 28 \varsigma (𝜍) . . . . . . . . . 90
\varodot () . . . . . . . . . 28 \varsigmaup (ς) . . . . . . . 89
\varogreaterthan (5) F. . 28 \varspade (♤) . . . . . . . . 137
\varoiiintclockwise ( )N40 \varspadesuit (s) . . . . . 136
\varoiiintctrclockwise ( ) \varspadesuit (♤) . . . . . 137
. . . . .!. . . 40 \varsqcap (³) . . . . . . . . . 31
\varoiint ( ) . . . . B . . . . 40 \varsqcup (²) . . . . . . . . . 31
\varoiintclockwise ( ) J 40 \varsqsubsetneq (Ł) . . . 59
\varsqsubsetneqq (Š) . . 59
\varoiintctrclockwise ( ) .
\varsqsupsetneq (Ń) . . . 59
. . . .u. . . . 40
\varsqsupsetneqq (Ş) . . 59
\varoint ( ) . . . . .- . . . . 38
\varstar (›) . . . . . . . . . . 29
\varointclockwise ( ) . . 40
ff \varstar (✶) . . . . . . . . . 134
\varointclockwise ( ) . . 40 \varstigma (ϛ) . . . . . . . . 144
\varointclockwise (∲) . . 43 \varsubsetneq (Ł) . . . . . 59
\varointclockwise (∲) . . 44 \varsubsetneq ( ) . . . . . 59
\varointclockwisesl (∲) 44 \varsubsetneq ( ) . . . . . 60
\varointclockwiseup (∲)+ 44 \varsubsetneq (⊊) . . . . . 60
\varointctrclockwise ( ) 40 \varsubsetneq (⊊) . . . . . 60
fl
\varointctrclockwise ( ) 40 \varsubsetneq (⊊) . . . . . 61
\varointctrclockwise (∳) 43 \varsubsetneqq (Š) . . . . 59
\varolessthan (4) . . . . . 28 \varsubsetneqq (&) . . . . 59
\varomega () . . . . . . . . . 18 \varsubsetneqq (¦) . . . . 60
\varominus () . . . . . . . . 28 \varsubsetneqq (⫋) . . . . 60
\varopeno (C) . . . . . . . . . 18 \varsubsetneqq (⫋) . . . . . 60
\varoplus () . . . . . . . . 28 \varsubsetneqq (⫋) . . . . 61
\varoslash () . . . . . . . . 28 \varsum (∑) . . . . . . . . . . 42
\varosum (⨊) . . . . . . . 42, 43 \varsumint (⨋) . . . . . . . . 42
\varotimes () . . . . . . . . 28
\varovee (6) . . . . . . . . . 28
\VarSummit ( ) . . . . . . . 166
\varsupsetneq (Ń) . . . . . 59
\varowedge (7) . . . . . . . . 28 \varsupsetneq (!) . . . . . 59
\varparallel (∥) . . . . . . 48 \varsupsetneq (¡) . . . . . 60
\varparallelinv (
. 60
\varpartialdiff (Ç) . . . . 93 \varsupsetneq (⊋) . . . . . 60
\varphi (𝜙) . . . . . . . . . . 88 \varsupsetneq (⊋) . . . . . 61
\varphi (') . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \varsupsetneqq (Ş) . . . . 59
\varphi (𝜑) . . . . . . . . . . 90 \varsupsetneqq (') . . . . 59
\varphiup (ϕ) . . . . . . . . . 89 \varsupsetneqq (§) . . . . 60
\varphoton (𝐿) . . . . . . . . 125 \varsupsetneqq (⫌) . . . . 60
\varpi (𝜛) . . . . . . . . . . . 88 \varsupsetneqq (⫌) . . . . . 60
\varpi ($) . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \varsupsetneqq (⫌) . . . . 61
\varpi ($) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
”) . . . . 166
\varpi (𝜛) . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \VarTaschenuhr (
\varpiup ($) . . . . . . . . . 89 \varTerra (l) . . . . . . . . . 120
\varPluto (H) . . . . . . . . . 120 \vartheta (𝜗) . . . . . . . . . 88

\varprod ( ) . . . . . . . . . 40 \vartheta (#) . . . . . . . . . 90
\varprod (∏) . . . . . . . . . 42 \vartheta (𝜗) . . . . . . . . . 90
\varprojlim (lim) . . . . . . 87 \varthetaup (ϑ) . . . . . . . 89
←−
\varpropto (∝) . . . . . . . 47 \vartimes (") . . . . . . . . . 28
\varpropto (ß) . . . . . . . . 54 \vartimes () . . . . . . . . . 31
328
\vartriangle (M) . . . . . . 112 \vdotdot (∶) . . . . . . . 30, 108 \Vertex (!) . . .. . . . . . 120
\vartriangle (ì) . . . . . . 68 . \vertoverlay (⃒) .. . . . . . 56
\vartriangle (△) . . . . 35, 68 \vdots (..) . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 \Vesta (˙) . . . . .. . . . . . 120
\vartriangle (△) . . . . . . 67 . \VHF (@) . . . . . . .. . . . . . 118
\vdots (..) . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
\vartriangle (▵) . . . . . . 68 \Vier (ˇ “ ) . . . . . .. . . . . . 149
\vdots (⋮) . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\vartriangleleft (Ÿ) . . 66 vietnam (package) . . . . . . 226
\vdots (⋮) . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
\vartriangleleft (C) . . 66 \viewdata (⌗) . .. . . . . . 114
 
\vdots (⋮) . . . . . . . . . . . 56
\vartriangleleft (å) . . . 68 \vec ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \Village ( ) . . . . . . 166
\vartriangleleft (⊲) . . . 68 \vec (⃗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 \vin ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
\vartriangleleft (⊲) . 63, 67 \vec (⃗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 vinculum . . . . . see \overline
\vartriangleleft (⊲) 68, 134 \vec (⃗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
\vartriangleright (Ź) . . 66 \ViPa (> ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\vec (⃗) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 virga . . . . . . . . . see musixgre
\vartriangleright (B) . 66 \vectimes (⨯) . . . . . . . . . 32 \Virgo (m) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
\vartriangleright (ä) . . 68 \Vee (û) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \Virgo (å) . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\vartriangleright (⊳) . . 68 \Vee (⩔) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\vartriangleright (⊳) 63, 67 \virgo (`) . . . . . . . . . . 119
\vee (_) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 \vlongdash (⟝) . . . . . . 52
\vartriangleright (⊳) . . 68, \vee (∨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
134 \vlongdash (⟝) . . . . . . 56
\vee (‡) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \VM (>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\varupdownwavearrow (“) 75 \vee (∨) . . . . . . . . . . . 30, 31
\varupwavearrow (‰) . . . . 75 vntex (package) . . . . . . 15, 19
\vee (∨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \vod (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\varUranus (A) . . . . . . . . 120 \vee (∨) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 ˚
\varv (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \voicedh (h) . . . . . . . . . . 18
\veebar (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 29 \Vomey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\varvarpi (È) . . . . . . . . 89 \veebar (Y) . . . . . . . . . . 28 \vppm ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\varvarrho (Æ) . . . . . . . . 89 \veebar (Ð) . . . . . . . . . . 31 ˙
\vpppm ¯( ˙ ) . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\varVdash (⫦) . . . . . . . . . 55 \veebar (⊻) . . . . . . . . . . 30 ¯ (▯) . . . . . . . 134
\vrectangle
\varveebar (⩡) . . . . . . . . 32 \veebar (⊻) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \vrectangleblack (▮) . . . 134
\varw (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 \veedot (⟇) . . . . . . . . . . 31 \vrule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
\vary (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

\veedot (/) . . . . . . . . . . 30 \VT (␋) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
\VBar ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 \veedot (⟇) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \Vulkanus (ö) . . . . . . . . . 120
\Vbar (⫫) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \veedoublebar ([) . . . . . 29 \vv ( #») . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
\Vbar (⫫) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \veedoublebar (⩣) . . . . . 31 \VvDash () . . . . . . . . . . 48
\vBar (⫨) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \veedoublebar (⩣) . . . . . 32 \Vvdash (,) . . . . . . . . . . 48
\vBar (⫨) . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \veeeq (€) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \Vvdash () . . . . . . . . . . 47
\vBarv (⫩) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \veeeq (≚) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \Vvdash (¹) . . . . . . . . . . 54
\vbipropto (Š) . . . . . . . . 30 \veeeq (≚) . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \Vvdash (⊪) . . . . . . . . . . 52
\vbrtri (⧐) . . . . . . . . . . 68 \veemidvert (⩛) . . . . . . . 32 \Vvdash (⊪) . . . . . . . . . . 50
\vcentcolon (:) . . . . . . . . 56 \veeodot (⩒) . . . . . . . . . . 32 \Vvdash (⊪) . . . . . . . . . . 56
\vcenter . . . . . . . . 210, 211 \veeonvee () . . . . . . . . 31 Å
Å
Å
Å
Å
\Vvert ( Å) . . . . . . . . . . 97
\vcrossing (’) . . . . . . . . 50 \veeonvee (⩖) . . . . . . . . 31
\VDash (() . . . . . . . . . . . 48 \veeonvee (⩖) . . . . . . . . 32 ⦀
⦀
\VDash (º) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \veeonwedge (⩙) . . . . . . . 56 \Vvert ( ⦀ ⦀ ) . . . . . . . . . . 98
\VDash (⊫) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \Venus (B) . . . . . . . . . . . 120 ⦀
⦀ . . . . . . . . . . 95
\vvvert (~)
\VDash (⊫) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \Venus (g) . . . . . . . . . . . 120 \vysmblkcircle (∙) . . . . . 36
\VDash (⊫) . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \Venus (Ã) . . . . . . . . . . . 119 \vysmblksquare (⬝) . . . . . 134
\Vdash (,) . . . . . . . . . . . 48 \venus (♀) . . . . . . . . . . . 119 \vysmwhtcircle (∘) . . . . . 36
\Vdash (
) . . . . . . . . . . . 47 \vernal () . . . . . . . . . . 119 \vysmwhtsquare (⬞) . . . . . 134
\Vdash (¸) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 versicle “( ) . . . . . . . 224, 225 \vzigzag (⦚) . . . . . . . . . . 114
\Vdash (⊩) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 “
\VERT (“
“) . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
\Vdash (⊩) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 W
\Vdash (⊩) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 \Vert (‖) . . . . . . . . . . 94, 96 \Walley ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\vDash (() . . . . . . . . . . . 48 ∥
∥ \warning (⚠) . . . . . . . . . 178
∥
\vDash () . . . . . . . . . . . 47 \Vert ( ∥ ∥
∥) . . . . ....... 97 \WashCotton (‰) . . . . . . 165
\vDash (») . . . . . . . . . . . 54 \Vert (∥) . . . . . ....... 97 \WashSynthetics (Š) . . 165
\vDash (⊨) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 ‖
‖ \WashWool (‹) . . . . . . . . 165
\vDash (⊧) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \Vert ( ‖ ‖ ) .... . . . . . . . 98 \wasylozenge (◊) . . . . . . 164
‖
\vDash (⊨) . . . . . . . . . . . 56 \vert (|)‖ . . . . . . . . . . . 94, 96 \wasypropto () . . . . . . . 47
\vdash (⊢) . . . . . . . . . . . 46 ∣∣ wasysym (package) . . . . . . . . .
∣
\vdash (⊢) . . . . . . . . . . . 52 \vert ( ∣∣∣) . . . . . ....... 97 . . . . . . . . 18, 24, 26, 29,
\vdash (⊢) . . . . . . . . . . . 50 \vert (∣) . . . . . . ....... 97 38, 47, 59, 62, 108, 112,
\vdash (⊢) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 || 118, 119, 121, 123, 130–
\vDdash (⫢) . . . . . . . . . . 52 \vert ( ||) . . . . . ....... 98 132, 147, 164, 207, 226
||
\vDdash (⫢) . . . . . . . . . . 56 \vertbowtie (⧖) ....... 30 \wasytherefore (∴) . . . . 108
\vdotdot (∶) . . . . . . . 30, 108 \vertdiv () . . . ....... 30 \Water (Ó) . . . . . . . . . . . 120

329
\water (𝑟) . . . . . .
wavy-line delimiters
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . 125
95–98 \WhiteKnightOnWhite ( N) . \wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Windows® . . . . . . . . . . . 223
\wbetter (f) . . . . . . . . . 169 . . . . . . . 170
\Winkey ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 179
\wdecisive (h) . .
\weakpt (J) . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . 169
. . 169 \WhitePawnOnBlack (O) 170 \wInnocey ( ) . . . . . . . . . 179
\Wintertree ( ) . . . . . . . 179

\WeakRain ( ) . . . . . . . . 166
\WhitePawnOnWhite (P) 170
\with (&) . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

\WeakRainCloud ( ) . . . . 166
\whitepointerleft (◅) . 134
\with (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
\withattack (A) . . . . . . . 169
weather symbols 166, 180–181
\whitepointerright (▻) . 134 \withidea (E) . . . . . . . . 169
Web symbols . . . . . . 181–184

L)
webomints (package) 191, 226 \withinit (C) . . . . . . . . . 169

š
\Wecker ( ) . . . . . . . . . 166
\WhiteQueenOnBlack (
. . . . . . . 170
. \without (w) . . . . . . . . . 169
Wizards of the Coast . . . . 204
\Wedge (ü) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Q)
\wn (?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
\Wedge (⩓) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \WhiteQueenOnWhite ( . woman . . . . . . . . . . 138, 165
\wedge (^) . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . 170 \WomanFace (þ) . . . . . . . 165
\wedge (∧) . . . . . . . . . . . 28 won . . . . . . . . see \textwon
\wedge (†) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\wedge (∧) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\WhiteRookOnBlack (S) 170 world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
\WorstTree ( ) . . . . . . . . 179
\wedge (∧) . . . . . . . . . . . 30 \WhiteRookOnWhite (R) 170 \wp (℘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\wedge (∧) . . . . . . . . . . . 32 \whitesquaretickleft (⟤) 36 \wp (€) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\wedgebar (⩟) . . . . . . . . . 32 \whitesquaretickright (⟥) . \wp (℘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\wedgedot (⟑) . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . 36 \wp (℘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
\wedgedot (.) . . . . . . . . . 30 \whitestone . . . . . . . . . . 170 \wp (℘) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
\wedgedot (⟑) . . . . . . . . . 32 whole note see musical symbols 8
\wq () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\wedgedoublebar (⩠) . . . . 32 \wholeNote ( ) . . . . . . . . 150 ­
\wqq () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
\wedgemidvert (⩚) . . . . . 32 \wholeNoteDotted ( ) . . 150 \wr (≀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
\wedgeodot (⩑) . . . . . . . . 32 \wholeNoteRest ( ) . . . . 151 \wr (≀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\wedgeonwedge (⩕) . . . . . 31 \wholeNoteRestDotted ( ) . \wr (≀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
\wedgeonwedge (⩕) . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . 151 \wr (≀) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
\wedgeq (≙) . . . . . . . . . . 52 \wholeof (3) . . . . . . . . . . 209 \wreath (≀) . . . . . . . . . . . 31
\wedgeq (≙) . . . . . . . . . . 56 \whthorzoval (⬭) . . . . . . 134 \wreath (≀) . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Weierstrass ℘ function see \wp \whtvertoval (⬯) . . . . . . 134 wreath product . . . . . see \wr
\westcross (♰) . . . . . . . . 129 Wick contractions . . . . . . 215 \WritingHand (b) . . . . . . 165
⌈
\wfermion ( ) . . . . . . . . . 125 \wideangledown (⦦) . . . . 112
\wideangleup (⦧) . . . . . . 112
wsuipa (package) . . 18, 21, 23,
207, 209, 214, 226
\Wheelchair (w) . . . . . . . 165
⇕
\whfermion ( ) . . . . . . . 125 \widearc (Ø) . . . . . . . . . . 104
\widearrow (t) . . . . . . . . 104
\wupperhand (c) . . . . . . . 169
\whistle (aŢ ) . . . . . . . . . . 21
\widebar (s) . . . . . . . . . . 104 X
\white . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
\widebridgeabove (⃩) . . . 101 \x (X) . . . . . . . . ....... 110
\whitearrowupfrombar (&) 80 \x (˙˙) . . . . . . . . ....... 171
\whitearrowupfrombar (⇪) 82 \widecheck (q) . . . . . . . . 104 ˙˙ (4) . . .
\widecheck (̌) . . . . . . . . 103 \XBox . . ....... 130
\whitearrowuppedestal (') 80 ⧹
\widehat (̂) . . . . . . . . . . 103 \xbsol ( ) . . . . ....... 44
\whitearrowuppedestalhbar
\widehat (̂) . . . . . . . . . . 103 Xdvi . . . . . . . . . .. . . 84, 209
(() . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
\widehat (̂) . . . . . . . . . . 103 XELATEX . . . . . . 88, 147, 224
\whitearrowuppedestalvbar
XETEX . . . . . . . ....... 22
()) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 \widehat ( ”) .. . . . . . . . . 102
\Xey ( ) . . . . . . ....... 179
\widehat (̂︀) . . . . . . . . . . 102
\WhiteBishopOnBlack ( A) . \wideOarc (ä) .
\wideparen (u)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
104
104
xfrac (package) .
−˒) . . . 106
\xhookleftarrow (←
....... 114

. . . . . . . 170
\wideparen (̑) . . . . . . . . 103
B
\xhookrightarrow (˓− →) . . 106
\WhiteBishopOnWhite ( ) . \wideparen ( ”) . . . . . . . . 104 \Xi (Ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
. . . . . . . 170 \wideparen (Ì) . . . . . . . . 103 \xi (𝜉) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

0
\whiteblackspoon (⊶) . . 85 \wideparen ( ˆ) . . . . . . . . 102 \xiup (ξ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
\WhiteEmptySquare ( ) 170 \widering (ů) . . . . . . . . . 104 =)
\xLeftarrow (⇐ . . . . . . 106
\whiteinwhitetriangle (⟁) . \widering (˚”) . . . . . . . . . 104
. . . . . . . 134 −) . . . . . . 105
\xleftarrow (←
˚
\widering ( ˆ) .. . . . . . . . 102 −) . 106
\xleftharpoondown (↽
\WhiteKingOnBlack (J) 170 \widetilde (̃) .
\widetilde (̃) .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
103
103
−) . . . 106
\xleftharpoonup (↼

\WhiteKingOnWhite (K) 170

\widetilde (̃) . . . . . . . . 103 ⇒)
\xLeftrightarrow (⇐ . 106

\widetilde ( ›) . . . . . . . . 102 ⇒)
\xLeftrightarrow (⇐ . 106

\WhiteKnightOnBlack (M) . \widetilde (̃︀) . . . . 102, 105 →)

\xleftrightarrow (← . 106
....... 170 \widetriangle ( È
) . . . . . 102 →)
\xleftrightarrow (← . 106

330
\xleftrightharpoons (↼
−
⇁−) 106 \xtwoheadrightarrow (−−−) \Zeta (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
. . . . . . . 107 \zeta (𝜁) . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\xlongequal (===) . . . . . . 107 \zetaup (ζ) . . . . . . . . . . . 89
XY-pic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
\xlongequal (===) . . . . . . 106 \Zeus (ü) . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
=) . . 106
\xLongleftarrow (⇐= Y \ZF (
F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Ydown () . . . . . . . . . . . 28 \ZG (
G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
−) . . 106
\xlongleftarrow (←−
\Ydown (Ô) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \ZH (
H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\xLongleftrightarrow (⇐==⇒) yen . . . . . . . . . see \textyen \ZI (
I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
. . . . . . . 106 \yen (¥) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 \ZJ (
J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\xlongleftrightarrow (←−−→) yfonts (package) . 116, 117, 226 \ZK (
K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
. . . . . . . 106 yhmath (package) . . . 101, 102, \ZL (
L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
105, 109, 213, 226 \ZM (
M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
=⇒) . 106
\xLongrightarrow (=
yin-yang symbols . . . 165, 178, \ZN (
N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
−→) . 106
\xlongrightarrow (− 180–181, 192 \ZO (
O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\xmapsto (↦−→) . . . . . . . . 106 \Yinyang (Y) . . . . . . . . . 165 \Zodiac . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
\yinyang (☯) . . . . . . . . . 178 zodiacal symbols . . . 119, 120,
\xmapsto (↦−→) . . . . . . . . 107
\Yleft () . . . . . . . . . . . 28 188–190
XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
\XQ (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 \Yleft (Ö) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \ZP (
P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\yogh (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \zpipe (⨠) . . . . . . . . . . 114
⇒) . . . . . . 106
\xRightarrow (=
\yogh (`) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 \zproject (⨡) . . . . . . . . . 114
→) . . . . . 105
\xrightarrow (− \Yright () . . . . . . . . . . 28 \ZQ (
Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\xrightharpoondown (−
⇁) 106 \Yright (×) . . . . . . . . . . . 31 \ZR (
R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Yu, Billy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 \ZS (
S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\xrightharpoonup (−
⇀) . . 106 \ZT (
T) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\Yup () . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
−
⇀ \Yup (Õ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
.
\xrightleftharpoons (↽−) 106 \Ztransf ( ... ) . . . . . . . 58
−
⇀
\xrightleftharpoons (↽ \Yup (⅄) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 \Ztransf (Í) . . . . . . . . . 54
−) 106 .
\ztransf ( ... ) . . . . . . . 58
Xs . . . . . . . . . . 129, 130, 165
⧸ Z \ztransf (Ì) . . . . . . . . . 54
\xsol ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 \ZA (
A) . . . . . . . . . .
# \ZU (
U) . . . . . .
.... 121 . . . . . . . . 121
\XSolid ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 129 Zapf Chancery (font) .... 116
$
\zugzwang (D) . . . . . . . . 169
\XSolidBold ( ) . . . . . . 129 Zapf Dingbats (font) 126, 130 \ZV (
V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
%
\XSolidBrush ( ) . . . . . . 129 \ZB (
B) . . . . . . . . . . .... 121 \ZW (
W) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Z
\xswordsdown (U) . . . . . . 165 \Zbar (Ƶ) . . . . . . . . .... 92
\Zborder ( ) . . . . . .... 137 \Zwdr (ˇ “* ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\xswordsup (T) . . . . . . . 165
\ZC (
C) . . . . . . . . . . .... 121 \ZwPa ( A ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
\xtofrom (−==

−) . . . . . . . 107 \zcmp (⨟) . . . . . . . . .... 114 \ZX (
X) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
\xtwoheadleftarrow (−−−) . \ZD (
D) . . . . . . . . . . .... 121 \ZY (
Y) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
. . . . . . . 107 \ZE (
E) . . . . . . . . . . .... 121 \ZZ (
Z) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

331