ANSYS 14 Structural Mechanics Update PDF

Improving Your Structural
Mechanics Simulations with

Release 14.0
1 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

2011
Structural Mechanics Themes
MAPDL/WB Integration
Physics coupling
Rotating machines
Listening to your
needs, we have
Composites & Fracture Mechanics
been able to identify
Application Customization
a number of themes
Thin structures modeling
which form the basis
Contact analysis
of our roadmap and
Performance guide our
Advanced Modeling developments
Geometry Handling

2011
What will Release 14.0 bring you?

2011
Let’s now take a closer look at some topics

2011
Finite Element Information Access within

ANSYS Mechanical

2011
Motivation
ANSYS Workbench is
originally a geometry
based tool. Many users
however also need to
control and access the
finite element
information.

2011
Reviewing Connections
Spot Welds
Connections created
internally at the
solution level are
available and can help
understand the results
Weak springs and MPC contacts
as generated by the solver
2011
Selections of Nodes
Nodes can be grouped

into named selections
based on selection logic,
using locations or other
characteristics – or
manual selections
Box Selection Node Picking Lasso Selection

2011
Applying Loads and Orientations to Nodes
“Nodal orientation”
allows users to orient
nodes in an arbitrary
coordinate system.
Direct FE loads and
boundary conditions can
be applied to selections
of nodes.
Nodes are oriented in cylindrical system for loads and

boundary condition definitions
2011
Results on Node Selections
Results are displayed on

elements for which all
Results with first layer of nodes are selected.
quads removed
Nodes named selections
allow to scope on specific
regions of the mesh or
remove undesired areas.
Results on quads layers only

2011
Restart and Direct FE Loads
Added after
initial solve
Analysis Settings tabular data:
No restart point is lost
Nodal Forces and Pressures objects can

be added to a restart analysis without
Second Load step causing the restart points to become
modified for restart
invalid.
Other loads can now be modified
without losing the restart points.
2011
Linear Dynamics in ANSYS Mechanical

2011
Workbench and Mechanical enhancements
→MSUP Transient
Analysis supported
→Joint feature can now
be used in Harmonics,
Modal Superposition Transient
Random vibration
analysis
→Reaction Force &
Moment results is now
supported
Joints in Harmonic Reaction Forces in a

Analyses Harmonic Analyses

2011
Physics Coupling
Data Mapping

2011
Motivation
Exchange files are

frequently used to
transfer quantities from
one simulation to
another.
Efficient mapping of
point cloud data is
required to account for
misalignment, non
matching units or scaling
issues.

2011
Supported Data Types
New at R14.0

2011
Increased Accuracy
The smoothness of the

mapped data depends on
the density of the point
cloud.
Several weighting
Triangulation versus Kriging
options are available to
accommodate various
data quality.

2011
Validating the Mapped Data
Visual tools have

been implemented to
control how well the
data has been
mapped onto the
target structure
2011
Importing Multiple Files
Multiple files can be

imported for
transient analyses or
to handle different
data to be mapped
on multiple bodies

2011
Rotating Machines
Studying Rotordynamics in ANSYS Mechanical

2011
Motivation
ANSYS Mechanical users

need to be able to quickly
create shaft geometries
as well as analyze
dynamic characteristics
of rotating systems
Industrial fan (Venti Oelde)

2011
Geometry Creation
Geometries can be
imported from a CAD
system or imported
from a simple text
file definition as used
in preliminary design

2011
Import/Export of Bearing Characteristics
ANSYS provides an
interface that allows
to import bearing
characteristics from
an external file

2011
Specific Solver Settings
Rotordynamics
analyses require a
number of advanced
controls:
→Damping
→Solver choice
→Coriolis effect

2011
Campbell Diagrams
Campbell diagrams
are used to identify
critical speeds of a
rotating shaft for a
given range of shaft
velocities

2011
Composites
Enhanced Analysis Workflow and Advanced

Failure Models for Composites

2011
Motivation
Efficient workflows
and in-depth analysis
tools are required to
model and
understand complex
composites structures

2011
Defining Material Properties
Composites material
require specific
definitions including
orthotropic
properties, as well as
some constants for
failure criteria (Tsai-
Wu, Puck, LaRc03/04,
Hashin)

2011
Manually Defining Layers on Simple Geometries
Users can define

simple layered
sections for a shell
body as well as define
thicknesses and
angles as parameters

2011
Defining Layers on Complex Geometries
For complex
geometries, the ANSYS
Courtesy of
TU Chemnitz Composite PrepPost
and GHOST
Bikes GmbH tool is used and layer
definitions are imported
in the assembly model
in ANSYS Mechanical.

2011
Investigating Composites Results
ANSYS Mechanical
supports layerwise
display of results.
ANSYS Composite
PrepPost offers
comprehensive
capabilities for global and
plywise failure analysis.
2011
Advanced Failure Analysis
2D laminar Crack growth simulation

composite based on VCCT is
available to simulate
Initial crack
interfacial delamination.
Start of damage (layer 1)

Progressive damage is
suitable for determining
Progressed damage (layer 1)
the ultimate strength of
the composite (last-ply
failure analysis)
Progressed damage (layer 3)

2011
Customization
ANSYS Design Assessment

2011
Motivation
Many of you have

expressed the need for:
→Computing and
displaying specific
results
→Be able to achieve
more complex “User
defined results”

2011
What is Design Assessment?
The Design Assessment

system enables the
selection and
combination of
upstream results and
the ability to optionally
further assess results
with customizable
scripts

2011
Expanded Result Access
DA + “Allow all
Available Results”
allows beam results
Modal=No Beam Results
Filtering of potentially invalid combinations can be suppressed to

enable greater user control. This allows the user to access results
not typically available in the base analysis.
2011
Design Assessment for Advanced “User Defined
Results”
Design Assessment enable

users to extend user defined
results capabilities with:
→Expressions using
mathematical operators as
supported by Python
→Coordinate systems, Units
Systems
→Integration options
→Nodal, Element-Nodal &
Elemental result types
Script used to display scalar element data stored
in an external file →Import from external tables

2011
Thin Structures
Mesh Connections

2011
Motivation
In order to connect
meshes of different
surface parts so as to
merge nodes at
intersections, users do not
always want or cannot
merge the topologies at
the geometry level.
Mesh based connections
are required.

2011
Mesh Connections
Mesh connections work

at part level:
→As a post mesh
operation
→Base part mesh is
stored to allow for quick
changes in connections

2011
Modal Analyses Shows Proper
Connections of the Various Bodies

2011
Further Meshing Enhancements

2011
Virtual Topologies Interactive Editing
Virtual topologies are

handled more
Direct access to interactively through
operations from direct graphics
RMB menu
interaction rather than
tree objects.
User selects entities then
applies VT operations

2011
VT Hard Vertex, Edge and Face Splits
Hard vertices can be

added at any location
on an edge or a face.
Hard vertices can then

be used to create face
splits from virtual
edges.

2011
Virtual Topologies Applications
Get swept mesh on

non-sweepable
bodies
Improve shell mesh quality

and orthogonality with VT
combinations
2011
Contact Analysis
Rigid Body Dynamics

2011
Motivation
Many mechanisms and

assemblies have
components that
operate through
contact.
In order to maintain the

rapid turnaround for
RBD simulations, there
has been a subsequent
focus on improving
speed, accuracy and
reliability of the contact
capability.
2011
Performance Improvements
The applicability,
Valve: 158 sec elapsed time robustness and
(2x speed up)
efficiency of the
contact has been
improved for speed
Piston: 9 sec elapsed
time (7.5x speed up)
and accuracy –
expect a typical 2-5x
speed-up
Transition and “jump”
prediction have been greatly
improved

2011
Contact Analysis
Flexible bodies

2011
Motivation
While already providing

leading edge
technology, ANSYS
continues to enhance
its ability to robustly
and efficiently solve
complex contact
problems

2011
Projected Contact
Regular contact Projection based
The Surface Projection

Based Contact provides
Smoother temperature results on a
more accurate results
multilayered structure (stresses, pressures,
temperatures) and is
now also available for
bonded MPC contacts
Improved pressure results with

surface projection
2011
Contact accuracy and robustness
“Adjust to touch” causes

rigid body motion and
leaves a gap
Contact stabilization
technique dampens
relative motions
between the contact
and target surfaces
New contact for open contact
stabilization prevents
rigid motion

2011
Performance
Further benefits from GPU boards

2011
Motivation
Taking advantage of
the latest hardware
is mandatory to
solve your large
models.
A combination of
+ relatively new
technologies
provides a
breakthrough means
to reduce the time
to solution

2011
Distributed ANSYS Supports GPUs
2.1 MDOF,
Nonlinear
Structural
Analysis using
the Distributed
Sparse Solver
GPU Acceleration can now be used with Distributed ANSYS to

combine the speed of GPU technology and the power of
distributed ANSYS
2011
Speed-up from GPU technology
Linux cluster : Each node

contains 12 Intel Xeon 5600-
series cores, 96 GB RAM,
NVIDIA Tesla M2070,
InfiniBand
Solder
balls
Results Courtesy of MicroConsult Engineering, GmbH
Mold
PCB
Solder Joint Benchmark - 4M
DOF, Creep Strain Analysis
2011
Speed-up from multiple nodes with 1 GPU
board per node
8 nodes@
1 core,
2 nodes @ 8 GPU
1 node @
4 cores,
8 cores, 1 2 GPU
GPU
Solder
balls
Results Courtesy of MicroConsult Engineering, GmbH
Mold
PCB

2011
Advanced Modeling
Material Models

2011
Motivation
ANSYS provides a
comprehensive library
of advanced materials.
Some users however

need even more
advanced models to
include complex
nonlinear phenomena
in their simulations.

2011
Advanced Materials for Biomechanical
Applications
→Anisotropic Hyperelasticity plus
Viscoelasticity for strain rate effects
→Hyperelasticity coupled with Pore

Pressure element
‘Hydrocephalus’ analysis
Hyperelastic material with porous media
→Shape Memory Alloy enhanced with
superelasticity, Memory effect, New
Yield Function, Differentiated Moduli
(Austenite, Martensite)
→Holzapfel Model - Capture the
behavior of fiber-reinforced tissue
Stent modeling using shape memory alloys
2011
Nonlinear materials support for coupled field elements
Coupled field-elements
for strongly coupled
thermo-mechanical
analysis now accounts
for plasticity induced
heat generation along
with friction effects
Friction Stir Welding including heat generation due to

friction and plastic deformation

2011
Advanced Modeling
Advanced Methods

2011
Motivation
The solver techniques

available from our
solutions allow to
model complex
phenomena.
In some cases, better or

different techniques are
required to improve the
accuracy or the
convergence of the
models.

2011
Advanced Nonlinear Methods
User can now perform:

→Buckling from a
Buckling of a pre-stressed
stiffened container
nonlinear prestressed
state with dead loads
(new subspace
eigensolver)
→3D rezoning for very

large deformations for a
Hot-Rolling Structural Steel wider range of materials
Analysis with 3-D Rezoning
and boundary
conditions.

2011
Analyzing Fasteners under Large Deformations
Bolt pretension does not

include large rotation
effects.
With release 14.0, you
can now use Joint Loads:
Pre-tension element - Significant →Lock joint at specific
bending stress with large rotation
load step
→Apply Pre-Tension or
Pre-Torque load
→use iterative PCG
solver for faster runtime
Joint Element - Stress appears
without significant bending
2011
Coupled structures/acoustics simulations
Coupled problems are

modeled more
efficiently:
→Quadratic tetrahedral
acoustics elements
→New acoustics
sources
→Absorbing areas
→Enhanced PML
formulation
→ Near and far-field
parameters

2011
Moisture Diffusion
Moisture induces
hydroscopic stresses and
alters thermal stresses.
Coupled-field elements
allow to incorporate
moisture effects in
thermal, structural and
coupled simulations.

2011
Advanced Modeling
Explicit Analysis

2011
Motivation
Explicit formulations
extend the range of
problems a structural
engineer can solve.
Providing handling
capabilities similar to
implicit solutions
provides an easy
transition from implicit
to explicit.

2011
A Common User Interface
Implicit and explicit

solutions share the
same user interface for
a shortened learning
Crimping curve and allow
straightforward data
exchange between
disciplines

2011
New tetrahedral element
The new tetrahedral

element helps quickly
model complex
geometries for low
velocity applications
such as drop tests for
mobile phones or
Self Piercing Rivet nuclear equipments

2011
Fast Solutions Using 2-D Formulations
2D forming
Similarly to implicit
analyses, 2D plain
strain and
axisymmetric
Axisymmetric
bullet model
formulations provide
faster computation of
explicit solutions

2011
Geometry
Advances for Structural Engineers

2011
Motivation
With every release,

ANSYS improves the
quality of the geometry
tools available in
Workbench in order to
increase the quality of
the geometric data.
Ease of use is also

constantly improved to
provide more efficient
tools.

2011
Mid Surfacing Improvements
Selection tolerance is
available to handle face
pairs in case of
imperfect offsets.
Body thicknesses can be

displayed on the model.

2011
Usability Enhancements
Toolbars can be
customized for easy and
direct access to preferred
features and tools.
Hot keys are also

available for frequently
used operations.
2011
SpaceClaim Direct Modeler
“Preview sharing” allow

to control topology
sharing before
transferring the model
into Workbench.
“Multi-face patch”
Regular patch option increases the
quality of repairs for
missing faces.
Multi-face patch

2011
Physics Coupling
System Optimization with Rigid Body Dynamics

and Simplorer co-simulation

2011
Motivation
Most mechanisms and

assemblies are managed
via control systems.
System simulation,
including the details of
the mechanism or
assembly, are needed in
order to improve
modeling accuracy,
fidelity and ultimately
system optimization.

2011
Linking Mechanical and Simplorer
Inputs and outputs are

defined as “pins” in the
Mechanical model and
connected to the
schematics of Simplorer

2011
Simulation Results
Force Applied on Pistons Rotational Displacement
Rotational Velocity

2011
Some Examples
Aircraft Landing
Gear
Robotic Arm Control
RBD model
Trace of arm
trajectory
Simplorer schematic of
hydraulic circuit and control
2011
And there is much more…

2011
…check the Release Notes!

2011
Think also of the “Technology Demonstration
Guide”

2011
Questions?

2011
Appendix

2011
Customization
Application Customization Toolkit

2011
Motivation
As a Mechanical User,
you may want to:
→ Customize menus
→Create new loads and
boundary conditions
→Create new types of
plots
→Reuse APDL scripts
without command
snippets

2011
What is the Application Customization Toolkit?
The Application
CustomizationToolkit is
a tool that
facilitates customization
of ANSYS Mechanical.
It provides a way to
extend the features
offered by ANSYS
products.

2011
Toolbar Customization through XML Files
XML definition:
<load internalName="Convection on Blade" caption="Convection on Blade" icon="Convection"
issupport="false" isload="true">
<version>1</version>
<callbacks>
<onsolve>Convection_Blade_Computation</onsolve>
</callbacks>
<details>
<property internalName="Geometry" dataType="string" control="scoping"></property>
<property internalName="Thickness" caption="Thickness" dataType="string"
control="text"></property>
<property internalName="Film Coefficient" caption="Film Coefficient" dataType="string"
control="text"></property>
<property internalName="Ambient Temperature" caption="Ambient Temperature"
dataType="string" control="text"></property>
</details>
</load>

2011
Python Driven Loads and Boundary Conditions
Python script:
# Get the scoped geometry:
propGeo = result.GetDPropertyFromName("Geometry")
refIds = propGeo.Value
# Get the related mesh and create the component:

for refId in refIds:
meshRegion = mesh.MeshRegion(refId)
elementIds = meshRegion.Elements
eid = aap.mesh.element[elementIds[0]].Id
f.write("*get,ntyp,ELEM,"+eid.ToString()+",ATTR,TYPE\n")
f.write("esel,s,type,,ntyp \n cm,component,ELEM")
# Get properties from the details view:

propThick = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Thickness")
thickness = propThick.Value
propCoef = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Film Coefficient")
film_coefficient = propCoef.Value
propTemp = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Ambient Temperature")
temperature = propTemp.Value
# Insert the parameters for the APDL commands:

f.write("thickness="+thickness.ToString()+"\n")
f.write("film_coefficient="+film_coefficient.ToString()+"\n")
f.write("temperature="+temperature.ToString()+"\n")
# Reuse the legacy APDL macros:

f.write("/input,APDL_script_for_convection.inp\n")
2011
Writing APDL Commands From the New Definition
! APDL_script_for_convection.inp
! Input parameters:
esel,s,type,,10
cm,component,ELEM
thickness = 1.1
film_coefficient = 120.
temperature = 22.
! Treatment:
/prep7
et,100,152
keyop,100,8,2.
et,1001,131
keyo,1001,3,2
sectype,1001,shell
secdata,thickness,10
secoff,mid
cmsel,s,component
emodif,all,type,1001
emodif,all,secnum,1001
type,100
esurf
fini
alls APDL
/solu
esel,s,type,,100
nsle
sf,all,conv,film_coefficient,temperature
alls
WB Mechanical
2011
An Example: ACT driven Submodeling
Users simply select the

coarse model’s results file,
all APDL commands are
automatically created – no
more need for command
blocks!

2011
Advanced Modeling
Offshore Structures

2011
Global Offshore Structures
Global hydrodynamics and
Over the period of the design of an offshore structure – structural analyses
from Concept through FEED and Detailed Structural and
Equipment Design – there are needs for many different
analyses related to global structural design and integrity
and detailed component level analysis. To ensure delivery
timeliness, and reliability where costs of failure are so high,
there is considerable value in compatibility between the
respective tools. This is delivered by the ongoing
integration of ANSYS AQWA in Workbench and delivery of
enhanced capabilities in Mechanical/MAPDL for offshore
structures analysis.
Importantly, ANSYS Structural Mechanics products now
deliver the ability to conduct both global and detailed
analysis of offshore structures subjected to various wave
and environmental loadings.
Local joint flexibility analysis

2011
Further AQWA Integration in Workbench
for Multi-Body Wave Hydrodynamics
• Hydrodynamic Time Response system
enhancements include
– Fenders (similar to contact)
• Allows connections between 2 structures
or between a structure and a fixed point
– Articulations (similar to joints)
Offloading arm
represented with series
of typical articulations
2011
Enhanced Environmental Conditions and
Cable Behavior in AQWA
• Introduction of multi-directional wave spectra

allows more realistic modelling of real wave
conditions, and is important for the accurate
simulation of moored vessels and offshore
platforms
– Almost any combination of wave spectra to
be modelled in the solver modules LIBRIUM,
DRIFT and the Hydrodynamic Time Response
system in Workbench
• To meet API standard (RP2SK), non-linear axial
stiffness can be used to define a mooring line
• Gaussian formulated wave spectrum now
available in the core solver and the
Hydrodynamic Time Response system

2011
Extended Wave Loading in Mechanical
and links to Regulatory Code Checks
Vessel Loading Transfer from
• Diffracted wave loading AQWA to Mechanical

Courtesy of Vuyk Engineering Rotterdam
– Provides simplified pressure loading from

Hydrodynamics Diffraction systems (AQWA)
onto MAPDL system
• Harmonic Wave Loading
– Regular wave loading now available for harmonic
response analyses
– ANSYS FATJACK (for beam joint fatigue of framed
structures) automatically reads the RST file data
for harmonic load cases
• ANSYS BEAMCHECK (for member checks on framed
structures) and ANSYS FATJACK now delivered with
Mechanical installation
– See Design Assessment for further information

2011
Coupling Mechanical with 3rd Party
Aeroelastic Tools for Offshore Wind
Turbine Modeling
• Aeroelastic coupling (for wind turbine support

structures)
– Sequential
• Allowing structural (ANSYS) and aeroelastic (3rd
party) analyses to be run independently
• Just use a provided MAPDL macro to write out
input data for the aeroelastic analysis
– Fully coupled
• Co-simulation of structural and aeroelastic tools
• Custom build of MAPDL required, with a macro to
manage the data availability from and to MAPDL
Images Courtesy of REpower Systems AG
2011
Advanced Modeling
Brake Squeal

2011
Motivation
Brake Squeal is a consistent

customer complaints and is
associated with high warranty
costs.
ANSYS provides the best

solution for such analyses,
including complex Eigen-
Methods to predict onset of
squeal, new state-of-the-art
linear methods and
parametric studies.

2011
ANSYS Solution for Brake Squeal
• Provides for sliding • Complex Eigen solve
contact with friction • Animate: Complex
• No match mesh needed Mode Shape
• Supports higher order • Contact Status at Pads
• Automated Meshing elements
Mesh & Setup & Post

CAD
Connection solver Processing
Bi-Directional CAD • Automated Contact • Flexibility to use Linear • Root locus plots
Connectivity Detection & Non-linear solver • Correlation of modes
capabilities • List Strain energy per
Friction sensitivity study component per mode
• Physical prototyping time consuming and expensive
• Can
• Provide more Include
analysis Squeal
early and cycle
in the design
Contact damping
• Parametric Study by changing friction coefficient
• - Sliding velocity
• Run set of DOE’s
dependent Friction
• Reuse symmetric modes and just run un-
symmetric part
• Significant time reduction
2011

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Improving Your Structural

Mechanics Simulations with

1 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

5 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

6 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

7 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Finite Element Information Access within

8 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

9 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Nodes can be grouped

11 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Nodes are oriented in cylindrical system for loads and

Results are displayed on

Results on quads layers only

13 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Nodal Forces and Pressures objects can

Linear Dynamics in ANSYS Mechanical

15 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Joints in Harmonic Reaction Forces in a

16 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

17 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Exchange files are

18 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

19 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

The smoothness of the

20 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Visual tools have

Multiple files can be

22 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Studying Rotordynamics in ANSYS Mechanical

23 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

ANSYS Mechanical users

Industrial fan (Venti Oelde)

24 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

25 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

26 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

27 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

28 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Enhanced Analysis Workflow and Advanced

29 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

30 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

31 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Users can define

32 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

33 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

2D laminar Crack growth simulation

Start of damage (layer 1)

35 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

ANSYS Design Assessment

36 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Many of you have

37 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

The Design Assessment

38 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Filtering of potentially invalid combinations can be suppressed to

Design Assessment enable

40 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

41 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

42 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

Mesh connections work

43 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

44 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,

45 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 22,