Qualitative Modelling of Unified Tourism Destination

Assoc Prof Dr Tadeja Jere Jakulin

University of Primorska
Faculty of Tourism Studies - TURISTICA
Slovenia

tadeja.jerejakulin@upr.si
Outline
• Analytical Problem of Chosen Destinations
• Analytical Thinking and Analytical Problem
• Shift of Thinking
• Systems Thinking and Modelling
• Qualitative Model of Unified Tourism Destionation
• Implementation of Systems Solution
• Conclusions
Slovenia on the Map of Europe
Slovenia and Croatia
Slovene-Croatian Dispute over Bay of Piran
Analytical Thinking = Separation, Reductionism
Slovenia claims Croatia claims
• We are „Schengen country“ • They are „Schengen
in EU country“in EU
• Croatia has stolen Piran bay • The Bay of Piran belongs to
from us us
• It is a good dispute before • It is a good dispute before
political elections start political elections start
• We must control and • We must control and
protect Piran bay from protect Piran bay from
Croatian boats and Croatian boats and
fishermen fishermen

Schengen countries” is a group of countries covered by the Schengen agreement, between

which there is no security check given to people or goods crossing the borders among them.
E.g. among three countries: Slovenia, Austria, Italy or between the two of them.
Political destination as Tourism Destination and a Complex
System

• Complex systems’ structural properties are local interactions, non-

linearity, feedbacks and openness (difficult to find boundaries).

inputs Process in Tourism outputs

X Y
P

State of
environment U

Team of Experts-Decision-
makers

general model of complex system oriented to tourism is defined

with a pair ( P, D )
System Thinker’s View upon Tourism

• System researcher will find

tourism as a »black box «,
which means tourism as a
system with its inputs and
outputs and interactions
among single subsystems.
• Central to a systems view of
tourism is recognizing basic
causes (PATTERNS and
STRUCTURE) for problems
and evaluating
consequences caused by
management responses
(EVENTS).
Opportunities for Shift of Thinking?
Slovenian parts of Istra peninsula facts
• Hotel Kempinski Portorož
• Lack of golf course
• Lack of golf tourism offer
• Wants to build golf course in
natural protected areas
• Tourists enjoy wellness, events
and other tourism offer
Croatian parts of Istra peninsula facts
• Hotel Kempinski Istra
• Empty golf course
• Wants to get more golf tourists
• Tourists are in lack of other tourism offer
• Tourists are in lack of cultural events
Systems thinking meets tourism demand and tourism supply
Slovenia
• We have Kempinski in Slovenia
• We need golf course
• We have protected areas and
according to sustainability we should
not built golf course there
• We have golfers, wellness offer and
tourist shopping areas
• We complement each other
Croatia
• We have Kempinski in Croatia
• We need golfers, wellness &
tourist shopping areas
• We don’t have protected
areas an according to
sustainability we were able to
built golf course
• We have golf course
• We complement each other:
The parameters for CLD building
• Tourism infrastructure
• Unified tourism destination cultural, sports, wellness programmes
• Environment (preservation)
• Investments
• Number of Tourists
• Regulation (Crowding)
Qualitative Model (CLD) for Unified Tourism
Destination
Environment -
Preservation
+
Unified tourism-
+ destination
+ cultural, sports, Crowding
Tourism wellness +
Infrastructure programmes
+

+ Number
of Tourists

Investment +

s
Implementation of a unified tourism destination model brings
benefits to….
• Local governments
• Kempinski chain, tourism experts and local small entrepreneturs
• Sustainability of tourism
• Economy of the area
• Social factors
• Development of local transport tourism
Conclusions

• Analytical vs. systems thinking

• Tourism as a complex system
• Developing a causal loop diagram of a unified tourism
destination model
• Model implementation
• The importance systems thinking for solving complex
problems