MACRO PERSPECTIVE

OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

Zenaida Lansangan-Cruz PhD
-Author-

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

 Chapter I
THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE
OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

 Lesson Contents
The Relationship of Tourism and Hospitality.
The Food and Beverage Component. The Lodging Component.
Recreation and Entertainment Component. Travel and Tourism
Component. Transportation. Travel Agencies and Tour
Operators. Definition of Tourism. Definition of Hospitality.
Meaning of Tourist. Elements of Travel. The Nature of a Tour.
The Tourist Product.
The Tourist Destination. Tourist Services. Characteristics of
Tourism and Hospitality. Importance of Tourism and
Hospitality.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

LESSON OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the relationship of tourism and hospitality;
2. Discuss the components of the tourism and hospitality
industry;
3. Define tourism and hospitality;
4. Differentiate tourists from excursionists;
5. Understand the various elements of travel used as criteria
for defining travelers and/or tourists;
6. Explain the nature of a tour;
7. Describe the characteristics of a tourist product and a
tourist destination;
8. Compare tourism and hospitality with other industries; and
9. Appreciate the importance of tourism and hospitality.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1. Explain the relationship of tourism and hospitality.
2. Describe the components of the tourism and hospitality
network.
3. Define tourism.
4. Explain the meaning of hospitality.
5. Differentiate tourism from recreation and migration.
6. How do tourists differ from excursionists?

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
7. Describe the four elements of travel.
8. Explain the basic factors of a tourist destination.
9. Differentiate site from event attractions; natural from man-
made attractions.
10. Describe tourist services.
11. How is tourism and hospitality different from other
industries?
12. Discuss the importance of tourism and hospitality.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

Food and beverage services are found everywhere.
• E.g. hotels, motels, airlines, airports, cruise ships, trains, and
shopping malls
• Commercial restaurants provide food and beverage services
(E.g. fast service restaurants, ethnic restaurants, and specialty
restaurants)
• Food services are also offered in taverns, bars, kiosks, vending
machines, supermarkets, food stalls, food carts, and food
trucks.
• Food service establishments are found in theme parks, in
schools and colleges, in hospitals and homes for senior citizens,
in prisons and halfway houses, and in shelters for the homeless.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

 The Lodging Component
Provides overnight or even long-term services to
guests.
• Accommodates several customer preferences from
budget motels to luxury hotels and expensive resorts
• There are so many different kinds of lodging
establishments.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

What is Tourism?
• Tourism is defined as the “sum of the
phenomena and relationships arising from the
travel and stay of nonresidents, insofar as they
do not lead to permanent residence and are
not connected to any earning activity.”
-Prof. Hunziker & Krapf of Berne University, Switzerland

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

What is Tourism?
• “Tourism may be defined in terms of particular
activities selected by choice and undertaken
outside the home environment.”
- Tourism Society in Cardiff
• Tourism in the pure sense is essentially a
pleasure activity in which money earned in
one’s abode is spent in places visited.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

What is Hospitality?
• This is derived from the Latin word hospitare,
which means “to receive as a guest.
• The principal meaning is a host who receives,
welcomes, and caters to the needs of people
who are temporarily away from their homes.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

• League of Nations (1937) defined Tourist as a
“person who visits a country other than that in which
he or she usually resides for a period of at least 24
hours.”
• Classes of visitors:
- Tourists
- Excursionist

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

FOUR BASIC ELEMENTS OF TRAVEL
1. Distance. The difference between local travel or
traveling within a person’s home community and
nonlocal travel or traveling away from home.
2. Length of Stay at a destination. Tourists are
temporary visitors who make at least one overnight
stay, while excursionists are temporary visitors who
do not stay overnight in the country that they visit.
3. Residence or origin of the traveler. For business and
research purposes, it is important to know where
people live.
4. Purposes of travel. This can be divided into seven.
MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY
 The Nature of a Tour
Differentiate the following:
– Domestic and International tourism
– Independent and Package tour

What is a Tourist Product?

Identify the characteristics of a tourist product.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

 Tourist Destination
• A tourist destination is a geographical unit
where the tourist visits and stays.
• The success of a tourist destination depends
upon the interrelationship of three basic
factors: attractions, amenities or facilities, and
accessibility.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

 Tourist Services
• The principal tourist services are supplied by
passenger transport, which provides the means to
reach the destination, as well as the movement at
the destination.
• Distinctions in transport are between public and
private, domestic and international, and among the
various modes—land, sea, and air.
• Accommodation, food and beverage, and
entertainment constitute the second group of
tourist services.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

 Tourist Services
• The third group of tourist services consists of
those provided by the travel agent and by the
tour operator.
• Other tourist services include currency,
documentation, information, sightseeing, and
shopping.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

Characteristics of Tourism and Hospitality

• Product is not brought to the consumer;

• The consumer has to travel and go to the product
to purchase;
• Products are not used up;
• Both are labor-intensive industries;
• People-oriented;
• Multidimensional phenomenon;
• Both industries are seasonal;
• Both industries are dynamic.
MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY
Importance of Tourism and Hospitality
• Contribution to the balance of payments
• Dispersion of development
• Effect on general economic development
• Employment opportunities
• Social benefits
• Cultural enrichment
• Educational significance
• A vital force for peace

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

LESSON SUMMARY
• Tourism and hospitality is one of the world’s largest
and fastest-growing industries.
• Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of
people to destinations outside the places where they
normally live and work and their activities during their
stay at these destinations.
• Network means a complicated interconnection of parts
or components.
• Travel and tourism are used together as an umbrella
term to refer to those businesses that provide primary
services to travelers.
• The main purpose of transportation is to make it
possible for people to go from one place to another.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

LESSON SUMMARY
• A travel agent is one who sells travel services in a travel agency.
• Tour operators are wholesalers who make the necessary
contacts with hotels, airlines, and other providers of travel
services and devise packages which will appeal to retail buyer.
• Tourist product is a combination of what the tourist does at the
destination and the services he or she uses during his or her
stay.
• Tourism and hospitality has special characteristics which make
it different from other industries.
• Tourism and hospitality has special characteristics which make
it different from other industries.
• Tourism and hospitality is an important human activity with
economic, social, cultural, educational significance, and an
important vehicle for attaining global peace.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY