Briefly then, an impeachment proceeding is not a single act.

It is a comlpexus of
acts consisting of a beginning,
a middle and an end. The end is the transmittal of the articles of impeachment to
the Senate.
The middle consists of those deliberative moments leading to the formulation of the
articles of impeachment.
The beginning or the initiation is the filing of the complaint and its referral to
the Committee on Justice.

Section 3 (5) says,

"No impeachment proceeding shall be initiated against the same official more than
once within a period of one year,
" it means that no second verified complaint may be accepted and referred to the
Committee on Justice for action.
By his explanation, this interpretation is founded on the common understanding of
the meaning of "to initiate" which means to begin

Having concluded that the initiation takes place by the act of filing of the
impeachment complaint and referral to the House Committee on Justice,
the initial action taken thereon, the meaning of Section 3 (5) of Article XI
becomes clear.
Once an impeachment complaint has been initiated in the foregoing manner,
another may not be filed against the same official within a one year period
following Article XI, Section 3(5) of the Constitution.

constituent and legislative power

The grant to Congress as a Constituent Assembly of such plenary authority to call a
constitutional convention includes,
by virtue of the doctrine of necessary implication, all other powers essential to
the effective exercise of the principal power granted,

Whether the Lambino Group's initiative petition complies with Section 2, Article
XVII of the Constitution on amendments to the Constitution
through a people's initiative;

1. The Initiative Petition Does Not Comply with Section 2, Article XVII of the
Constitution on Direct Proposal by the People
These essential elements are present only if the full text of the proposed
amendments is first shown to the people who express their assent by signing
such complete proposal in a petition. Thus, an amendment is "directly proposed by
the people through initiative upon a petition" only if the people sign
on a petition that contains the full text of the proposed amendments.
The full text of the proposed amendments may be either written on the face of the
petition, or attached to it.
If so attached, the petition must state the fact of such attachment.
In contrast, Section 2 of Article XVII, referring to the third mode, applies only
to "[A]mendments to this Constitution."

ripeness north cotabato v. grp

For a case to be considered ripe for adjudication, it is a prerequisite that
something had then been accomplished or performed by either branch before a court
may come into the picture, and the petitioner must allege the existence of an
immediate or threatened injury to itself as a result of the challenged action.
He must show that he has sustained or is immediately in danger of sustaining some
direct injury as a result of the act complained of.
citizen
When the issue concerns a public right, it is sufficient that the petitioner is a
citizen and has an interest in the execution of the laws

taxpayer
For a taxpayer, one is allowed to sue where there is an assertion that public funds
are illegally disbursed or deflected to an illegal purpose,
or that there is a wastage of public funds through the enforcement of an invalid or
unconstitutional law

legislator
A member of the House of Representatives has standing to maintain inviolate the
prerogatives, powers and privileges vested by the Constitution in his office

organization
An organization may be granted standing to assert the rights of its members

lgu
local government unit (LGU), it can seek relief in order to protect or vindicate an
interest of its own, and of the other LGUs

Intervenors, meanwhile, may be given legal standing upon showing of facts that
satisfy the requirements of the law authorizing intervention,
such as a legal interest in the matter in litigation, or in the success of either
of the parties

miaa v. ca exempt from taxation