Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie was born on June 25, 1936 in the sleepy seaside town of

Pare Pare in the Indonesian state of South Sulawesi. The fourth of eight children, he
was nicknamed "Rudy" at an early age. His father, Alwi Abdul Jalil Habibie, was a
government agricultural official who promoted the cultivation of cloves and peanuts.
His grandfather was a Muslim leader and an affluent landowner.
As a child Habibie liked swimming, reading, singing, riding his father's racehorses,
and building model airplanes. In 1950, when Rudy was 13, his father suffered a heart
attack and died. Suharto, then a young military officer billeted across the street, was
present at his father's deathbed and became Habibie's protector and substitute
father. Habibie later wrote of Suharto: "I regarded him as an idol, who could serve as
an example for all people … a young, taciturn brigade commander, with great
humane feelings, and a fierce fighting spirit." Suharto's autobiography said Habibie
"regards me as his own parent. He always asks for my guidance and takes down
notes on philosophy."
Habibie's interest in building model planes continued while he excelled in science
and mathematics at the Bandung Institute of Technology. His mother, R.A. Tuti
Marini Habibie, arranged for him to continue his studies in Germany. At the
Technische Hochschule of Aachen, Habibie studied aircraft construction
engineering.
In 1962, on a visit home to Indonesia, he married H. Hasri Ainun Besari, a doctor.
They had two children, Ilham Akbar and Thareq Kemal, both born in Germany. While
Habibie was abroad, Suharto, who had become a general, succeeded General
Sukarno as Indonesia's ruler in 1966.
After graduating with a doctoral degree from the Aachen Institute in 1965, Habibie
joined the aircraft manufacturing firm Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Bluhm, rising to the
rank of vice-president. As a research scientist and aeronautical engineer, he helped
design several planes, including the DO-31, an innovative vertical takeoff and
landing craft. He specialized in solutions for aircraft cracking, gaining the nickname
"Mr. Crack" as one of the first scientists to calculate the dynamics of random crack
propagation. He also became involved in international aircraft marketing activities
and NATO's defense and economic development.

Indonesia's Technology Czar

In 1974, Suharto asked Habibie to return to Indonesia to help establish an industrial
base. Habibie jump-started an aircraft construction industry and a state airline
company. Soon he became Suharto's chief advisor for high-technology development.
Habibie exploited the relationships he had developed in Germany and NATO to
engineer a myriad of controversial deals involving aircraft, ships, heavy industry, and
economic development.
As minister of research and technology, Habibie promoted the importation of high-
tech goods and services. He liked to "leapfrog" over low-skill industries and move
straight into high-tech ventures, spurning the basic development which might have
brought needed employment to Indonesia's low-skilled masses. Habibie spent
billions in public money on his strategic companies. His pet project was a national
airplane, the propeller-driven N-250. Its producer was IPTN, a state company whose
vice-president was Habibie's son. The national airplane venture consumed $2 billion
in public funds, diverted from a project to save Indonesian forests.
Habibie often used his influence with Suharto to broker favorable deals for his family
companies. For example, he pressured Merpati Airlines to buy 16 of IPTN's CN-235
airplanes, which were so poorly built they could fly for only an hour with a full load.
Never popular with the military, Habibie angered officials by buying 100 German
naval vessels without consulting top brass; the ships needed $1 billion in repairs.
For two decades, Habibie was a top insider in Suharto's corrupt, nepotistic regime.
Like Suharto, whose family controlled much of Indonesia's economy, Habibie's
relatives had their own business monopolies, often in partnership with Suharto's
children. According to Philadelphia Inquirer reporter Trudy Rubin, "The state set up
Habibie's 'strategic industries' in fields such as steel, shipbuilding and, especially,
aircraft manufacture. His relatives were all involved as middlemen, agents, and supp
liers." Habibie's family came to control two conglomerates-the Timsco Group, named
after his brother Timmy, and the Repindo Panca Group, headed by his second son,
Tareq Kamal Habibie. The conglomerate's 66 companies benefited from lucrative
government contracts awarded by minister Habibie.
Habibie was widely known as a free-spending eccentric and an advocate of
expensive government programs. His high-tech ventures failed to strengthen
Indonesia's economy. Many of his projects lost millions of dollars. A relentless self-
promoter, Habibie was known for talking endlessly in shrill tones while gesturing
wildly. When he visited Tokyo to talk to Japanese bankers about refinancing
Indonesia's $80 billion debt, he lectured them for two hours about what was wrong
with the Japanese economy and came home empty-handed.
A small, wiry man, Habibie enjoyed classical music, motorcycle riding and swimming
in his pool at his home on Jalan Cibubur. A devout Muslim, he founded the
Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals in 1990.

Habibie, in full Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie (born June 25, 1936, Parepare,
Indonesia), Indonesian aircraft engineer and politician who was president
ofIndonesia (1998–99) and a leader in the country’s technological and economic
development in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
Brilliant in science and mathematics from childhood, Habibie received his
postsecondary education at the Bandung Institute of Technology in Bandung,
Indonesia, and furthered his studies at the Institute of Technology of North Rhine–
Westphalia in Aachen, West Germany. After graduating in 1960, he remained in
West Germany as an aeronautics researcher and production supervisor.

Suharto took power as Indonesia’s second president in 1966, and in 1974 he asked
Habibie—whom he had known for 25 years—to return to the country to help build
advanced industries. Suharto assured him that he could do whatever was needed to
accomplish that goal. Initially assigned to the state oil company, Pertamina, Habibie
became a government adviser and chief of a new aerospace company in 1976. Two
years later he became research minister and head of the Agency for Technology
Evaluation and Application. In these roles he oversaw a number of ventures
involving the production and transportation of heavy machinery, steel, electronics
and telecommunications equipment, and arms and ammunition.
Habibie believed his enterprises ultimately would spawn high-tech ventures in the
private sector and allow the country to climb the technology ladder. In 1993 he
unveiled the first Indonesian-developed plane, which he helped design, and in the
following year he launched a plan to refurbish more than three dozen vessels bought
from the former East German navy at his initiative. The Finance Ministry balked at
the cost of the latter endeavour, while the armed forces thought that its turf had been
violated. Nevertheless, Habibie got more than $400 million for refurbishing.

Meanwhile, in 1990 Habibie was appointed head of the Indonesian Muslim

Intellectuals Association, and during the 1993 central-board elections of the country’s
ruling party, Golkar, Habibie helped the children and allies of President Suharto rise
to top positions, easing out long-standing military-backed power brokers. By the late
1990s Habibie was viewed as one of several possible successors to the aging
Suharto.
In March 1998 Suharto appointed Habibie to the vice presidency, and two months
later, in the wake of large-scale violence in Jakarta, Suharto announced his
resignation. Thrust unexpectedly into the country’s top position, Habibie immediately
began to implement major reforms. He appointed a new cabinet; fired Suharto’s
eldest daughter as social affairs minister as well as his longtime friend as trade and
industry minister; named a committee to draft less-restrictive political laws; allowed a
free press; arranged for free parliamentary and presidential elections the following
year; and agreed to presidential term limits (two five-year terms). He also granted
amnesty to more than 100 political prisoners.

In 1999 Habibie announced that East Timor, a former Portuguese colony that had
been invaded by Indonesia in 1975, could choose between special autonomy and
independence; the territory chose independence. Indonesia held free general
elections (the first since 1955) in June, as promised. Later that year Habibie ran for
president, but he withdrew his candidacy shortly before the October election, which
was won by Abdurrahman Wahid. After Wahid took office, Habibie essentially
stepped out of politics, although in 2000 he established the Habibie Center, a
political research institute.
The third President of the Republic of Indonesia, Jusuf Habibie Bacharuddin born in Pare-Pare,
South Sulawesi, on June 25, 1936. He was the fourth child of eight siblings, spouse Alwi Abdul
Jalil Habibie and RA. Tuti Marini Puspowardojo. Habibie, who is married to Hasri Ainun Habibie
on May 12, 1962 was blessed with two sons namely Ilham Akbar and Thareq Kemal.

Habibie passed his childhood with his brothers in Pare-Pare, South Sulawesi. The nature firmly
adhered to the principle has been demonstrated Habibie since childhood. Habibie, who had a
penchant for riding a horse, had to lose his father, who died on 3 September 1950 due to a heart
attack.

Shortly after his father died, Habibie moved to London to study at Gouvernments Middlebare
School. In high school, he began to look outstanding achievements, especially in the exact
sciences lessons. Habibie a favorite figure in the school.

After graduating high school in Bandung in 1954, he entered the University of Indonesia in
Bandung (ITB Now). He received his Diploma from the Technische Hochschule, Germany in
1960 and then getting gekar Doctorate from the same place in 1965. Habibie was married in
1962, and had two children. 1967, to honor Professor (Professor) at the Institute of Technology
Bandung.

Steps Habibie much admired, full of controversy, a lot of admirers but not a few who did not
agree with him. Each time, the winner of the prestigious Theodore van Karman Award, is back
from the "habitat" of the Germans, he was always in the news. Habibie just a year studying at
ITB Bandung, 10 years of college until my doctorate aircraft construction in Germany with honors
Summa Cum laude. Then work in the aircraft industry leading MBB Gmbh Germany, prior to the
call of President Soeharto to return to Indonesia.

In Indonesia, Habibie 20 years as Minister of State for Research and Technology / Chief BPPT,
leading the 10 companies owned strategic industries, selected MPR became Vice President, and
was sworn in by the Chief Justice to replace President Soeharto. Suharto handed the presidency
to Habibie under Article 8 of the 1945 Constitution. Until finally forced Habibie also resigned due
to referendum East Timor voted for independence. MPR his accountability speech was rejected.
He went back to ordinary citizens, restored live migrated to Germany.

Most of his work in calculating and designing several aircraft manufacturing project:

* VTOL (Vertical Take Off and Landing) DO-31 Transport Aircraft.

* Military Transport Aircraft Transall C-130.
* Hansa Jet 320 (Executive Aircraft).
* Airbus A-300 (for 300 people)
* CN - 235
* N-250
* And indirectly participated in the count and design:
· BO-105 helicopter.
· Multi Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA).
· Some projects missiles and satellites.

Some Signs Service / honors:

* 1976 - 1998 Director of PT. Nusantara Aircraft Industry / IPTN.

* 1978 - 1998 Ministry of Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia.
* Chairman of the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / BPPT
* 1978 - 1998 Director of PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero).
* 1978 - 1998 Chairman of the Industrial Development Authority Batam Island / Opdip Batam.
* 1980 - 1998 Chairman of the Defense and Security Industry Development (Presidential Decree.
40, 1980)
* 1983 - 1998 Director, PT Pindad (Limited).
* 1988 - 1998 Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees Strategic Industries.
* 1989 - 1998 Chairman of the Management Board Strategic Industries / BPIS.
* 1990 - 1998 Chairman of the Association of Muslim Scholars se-lndonesia/lCMI.
* 1993 Daily Presidium Coordinator, Board of Trustees of Golkar.
* March 10-May 20 1998 Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia
* May 21, 1998 - October 1999 the President of the Republic of Indonesia

Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie

3rd President of Indonesia

In office
21 May 1998 – 20 October 1999

Vice
None
President

Preceded by Suharto

Succeeded
Abdurrahman Wahid
by

7th Vice President of Indonesia

In office
10 March 1998 – 21 May 1998

President Suharto
Preceded by Try Sutrisno

Succeeded
Megawati Sukarnoputri
by

4th Minister of Research and Technology of the

Republic of Indonesia

In office
March 29, 1978 – March 16, 1998

Preceded by Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo

Succeeded
Rahardi Ramelan
by

Personal details

25 June 1936 (age 78)

Born Parepare, South Sulawesi, Dutch East
Indies

Political party Golkar

Hasri Ainun Besari, (m. 1962–2010, her

Spouse(s)
death)

Ilham Akbar Habibie (b. 1963)

Children
Thareq Kemal Habibie (b. 1967)

Bandung Institute of
Technology(Mechanical Engineering 1954)
Alma mater
RWTH (B.E. 1955)
RWTH (Dr.-Ing. 1962)

Engineer, Aviation Industrialist,

Occupation
Politician

Religion Islam

Signature
 Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie pronunciation (help·info) FREng[1] (born 25 June 1936)
was President of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999. His presidency was the third, and the shortest,
after independence.

Contents

 1 Early life
 2 Studies and career in Europe
 3 Career in Indonesia
 4 Member of Golkar
 5 Vice presidency
 6 Presidency
o 6.1 East Timor
o 6.2 Suharto's corruption charge
o 6.3 The economy
o 6.4 Social issues
o 6.5 Education
o 6.6 Political Reform
o 6.7 End of presidency
 7 Post-presidency
 8 Family
 9 Notes
 10 Further reading
 11 External links

§Early life[edit]
Habibie was born in Parepare, South Sulawesi Province to Alwi Abdul Jalil Habibie and R. A. Tuti
Marini Puspowardojo. His father was an agriculturist from Gorontalo descent and his mother was
a Javanese noblewoman from Yogyakarta. His parents met while studying in Bogor. Habibie's
father died when he was 14 years old.

§Studies and career in Europe[edit]

Habibie started a study aviation and aerospace at the University of Delft (Netherlands) but for
political reasons (West New Guinea dispute, which involved Netherlands andIndonesia), he had
to continue his study in Aachen, Germany.[2]

He was appointed a Fellow[1] of the Royal Academy of Engineering[1] in 1990.

In 1960, Habibie received a degree in engineering in Germany, giving him the title Diplom-
Ingenieur. He remained in Germany as a research assistant under Hans Ebner at the Lehrstuhl
und Institut für Leichtbau, RWTH Aachen to conduct research for his doctoral degree.[3]

In 1962, Habibie returned to Indonesia for three months on sick leave. During this time, he was
reacquainted with Hasri Ainun, the daughter of R. Mohamad Besari. Habibie had known Hasri
Ainun in childhood, junior high school and in senior high school at SMA-Kristen, Bandung. The
two married on 12 May 1962, returning to Germany shortly afterwards.[4] Habibie and his wife
settled in Aachen for a short period before moving to Oberforstbach. In May 1963 they had a
son, Ilham Akbar Habibie.

When Habibie's minimum wage salary forced him into part-time work, he found employment with
the automotive marque Talbot, where he became an advisor. Habibie worked on two projects
which received funding from Deutsche Bundesbahn.

Due to his work with Makosh, the head of train constructions offered his position to Habibie upon
retirement three years later, but Habibie refused.[5][clarification needed]

In 1965, Habibie delivered his thesis in aerospace engineering and received the grade of "very
good" for his dissertation, giving him the title Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften. During the
same year, he accepted Hans Ebner's offer to continue his research on Thermoelastisitas and
work toward his Habilitation, but he declined the offer to join RWTH as a professor per se. His
thesis about light construction for supersonic or hypersonic states also attracted offers of
employment from companies such as Boeing and Airbus, which Habibie again declined.[6]

Habibie did accept a position with Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm in Hamburg. There, he

developed theories on thermodynamics, construction, and aerodynamics known as the Habibie
Factor, Habibie Theorem, and Habibie Method, respectively. He worked for Messerschmit on the
development of the Airbus A-300B aircraft. In 1974, he was promoted to vice president of the
company.[7]

Habibie's time in Europe may have contributed to his interest in Leica cameras.

§Career in Indonesia[edit]
In 1974, Suharto recruited Habibie to return to Indonesia as part of Suharto's drive to
industrialize and develop the country. Habibie initially served as a special assistant to Ibnu
Sutowo, the CEO of state oil company Pertamina. Two years later, in 1976, Habibie was made
Chief Executive Officer of the new state-owned enterprise Industri Pesawat Terbang
Nusantara (IPTN).[7] (In 1985, PT. Nurtanio changed its name to Indonesian Aviation Industry
and is now known as Indonesian Aerospace (Dirgantara)). In 1978, he was appointed as Minister
of Resesarch and Technology. He continued to play an important role in IPTN other "strategic"
industries in this post.[7] By the 1980s, IPTN had grown considerably, specializing in the
manufacture of helicopters and small passenger planes; by 1991, Habibie oversaw ten state-
owned industries including ship- and train-building, steel, arms, communications, and energy.[7] A
1993 estimate determined that the estimates used nearly $2 billion a year in state funding,
although the government's opaque accounting practices meant that the size of the industries was
not completely known.[8]

Habibie became a pilot, assisted in his training by A.B. Wolff, former chief of staff of the Dutch Air
Force. In 1995, he flew an N-250 (dubbed Gatotkoco) commuter plane.

In developing Indonesia's aviation industry, he adopted an approach called "Begin at the End
and End at the Beginning".[9] In this method, elements such as basic research became the last
things upon which to focus, whilst actual manufacturing of the planes was placed as the first
objective. Under Habibie's leadership, IPTN became a manufacturer of aircraft including Puma
helicopters and CASA planes. It pioneered a small passenger airplane, the N-250 Gatokaca, in
1995, but the project was a commercial failure.[10]

§Member of Golkar[edit]

1994 ABC news report of Suharto announcing he would retire in 1998, including an interview with Habibie -
the then Research and Technology Minister - declaring no interest becoming president.

In Suharto's regime, as was expected of senior government executives, Habibie became a

member of the Golkar organisation. From 1993–1999, he was a daily coordinator for the
chairman of the executive board.

§Vice presidency[edit]
In January 1998, after accepting nomination for a 7th term as President, Suharto announced the
selection criteria for the nomination of a vice president. Suharto did not mention Habibie by
name, but his suggestion that the next vice president should have a mastery of science and
technology made it obvious he had Habibie in mind.[11]

In that year, in the midst of the Asian Financial Crisis, this suggestion was received badly,
causing the rupiah to fall. Despite this and protests (the former minister Emil Salim tried to
nominate himself as vice president), Habibie was elected vice president in March 1998.

§Presidency[edit]
Main article: Post-Suharto Era

§East Timor[edit]
Habibie opposed East Timorese Independence but did consider giving East Timor special
autonomy.[12]
In late 1998, John Howard, then Prime Minister of Australia advised Indonesia of a change in
Australian foreign policy, to whit Australia would advocate a referendum in East Timor on
independence within a decade. Other international pressure also mounted on Indonesia to allow
self-determination for the province. Wishing to avoid the impression that Indonesia ruled East
Timor as a colony, Habibie surprised some by announcing that a referendum, offering a choice
between special autonomy and independence, would be held in East Timor. ABRI opposed this
decision.

On 30 August 1999, the referendum was held and the East Timorese people overwhelmingly
chose Independence in mostly free and fair elections. However, the retreat of Indonesian troops
from East Timor created the 1999 East Timorese crisis where many were killed. Although
Habibie favored the quick deployment of a UN peacekeeping force to halt violence, the military
opposed this plan. On September 10, General Wiranto allegedly threatened to stage a military
coup if Habibie allowed in peacekeeping forces, causing Habibie to back down.[13] Habibie also
publicly ordered security personnel to stop violence in the territory, but his orders went largely
unheeded.

§Suharto's corruption charge[edit]

The MPR Special Session in November 1998 declared that an investigation should be made into
corruption in Indonesia, focussing particularly on Suharto.

Habibie formed a special commission on corruption which, to the Reformasi, represented a

gesture of good faith. The noted lawyer Adnan Buyung Nasution was invited to chair the
investigation. The broad scope of the terms of reference Nasution suggested was unacceptable
to Habibie, who then appointed Attorney General and loyalist, Andi Muhammad Ghalib.

On 9 December 1998, Suharto was questioned for three hours by Ghalib. The Habibie
government declared that Suharto had gained his wealth through corruption.

A tape of a telephone conversation between Habibie and Ghalib was made public. It raised
concerns about the veracity of the investigation by suggesting that the interrogation of Suharto
was intended only for public appearances.[14]

Under Habibie, the Indonesian government also began investigating and prosecuting Suharto's
youngest son, Tommy Suharto. Tommy was charged by Ghalib in December 1998 in conjunction
with the Goro scandal, where the government, under pressure from Tommy, allegedly gave him
a desirable parcel and below-market loan for the construction of a Goro supermarket. However,
Tommy was found innocent in the case after several key witnesses, including one of Habibie's
aides - Rahardi Ramelan - changed their testimony and declared that the deal did not cause
losses to the state.[15]

§The economy[edit]
Habibie's government stabilized the economy in the face of the Asian financial crisis and the
chaos of the last few months of Suharto's presidency.[16]
§Social issues[edit]
Habibie's government began to make concilliatory gestures towards Chinese Indonesians who,
because of their elite status, were targeted in the riots of 1998. In September 1998, Habibie
issued a 'Presidential Instruction' forbidding use of the terms pribumi and non-pribumi to
differentiate indigenous and non-indigenous Indonesians.[17]

In May 1999, Habibie issued a further instruction directing that a display of an ID card would
suffice as proof of Indonesian citenzenship, whereas previously, displaying a 'Letter of Evidence
of Republic of Indonesia Citizenship' (SBKRI) was required. Although the Chinese Indonesian
community was not mentioned specifically, it is clear these policies were targeted towards
Chinese Indonesians who, in the Suharto years, were referred to as non-Pribumi and had to
display the SBKRI to prove their Indonesian citizenship.

§Education[edit]
When Habibie was State Minister for Research and Technology, he created the OFP (Overseas
Fellowship Program), SMDP (Science and Manpower Development Program) and STAID
(Science and Technology for Industrial Development). These three programs were to provide
scholarships to thousands of students to continue their study for master’s and doctorate program
in the United States, Europe, Japan, and other countries.

§Political Reform[edit]
Under Habibie, Indonesia made significant changes to its political system that expanded
competition and freedom of speech. Shortly after taking office, in June 1998, Habibie's
government lifted the Suharto-era restriction on political parties and ended censorship by
dissolving the Information Ministry. He also quickly committed to holding democratic elections,
albeit on an initially vague timetable. In December, he proposed political reform laws that were
passed by the legislature and MPR session. These laws set elections for December 1999,
reduced the number of seats in parliament held by the military, and barred political activity by civil
servants.[18]

However, political opponents criticized Habibie for agreeing to give the military some seats in
parliament, and taking little action on other military and judicial reforms.[19] The military retained
its territorial command system and practice of seconding officers to civil-service posts, and there
were few prosecutions for Suharto-era corruption under Habibie.

§End of presidency[edit]
Although he had been viewed as leading a transitional government, Habibie seemed determined
to continue as president. He was initially unclear about whether he would seek a full term as
president when he announced parliamentary elections in June 1998.[18] Habibie faced opposition
from many within the government party, Golkar; in July 1998, he struggled to win control of the
party by appointing Akbar Tandjung as chair of the party, but was ultimately able to defeat a rival
camp including former Vice President Try Sutrisno, Defence Minister Edi Sudrajat, Siswono
Yudhohusodo, and Sarwono Kusmumaatmadja.[20]

However, at the same time, Habibie began to lose support from Akbar Tandjung and a faction in
Golkar, composed of both reformers and hardliners, that wanted to oust him. In March 1999,
Golkar put forth five presidential nominees: Habibie, Tandjung, Wiranto, Hamengkubuwono X,
and Ginandjar Kartasasmita.[21] In May 1999, Golkar announced that Habibie would be their
presidential candidate after extensive lobbying, but a large faction in the party remained loyal to
Tandjung and opposed to Habibie.[22]

At the 1999 MPR General Session in October, Habibie delivered an accountability speech which
was a report of what he had achieved during his presidency. Once this was completed, MPR
members began voting to decide if they would accept or reject his speech. Habibie attempted to
win the support of the military by offering the vice-presidency to General Wiranto, but his offer
was declined.[23] Tandjung's Golkar faction broke with the ranks and voted against him, and his
accountability speech was rejected by 355 votes to 322. Seeing that it would be inappropriate to
press his candidacy for the presidency after having his accountability speech rejected, Habibie
withdrew his nomination.

§Post-presidency[edit]
Since relinquishing the presidency, he has spent more time in Germany than in Indonesia,
though he has been active during Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's presidency both as a
presidential adviser and through the Habibie Centre to ensure democratisation in Indonesia.

In September 2006, he released a book called Detik-Detik Yang Menentukan: Jalan Panjang
Indonesia Menuju Demokrasi (Decisive Moments: Indonesia's Long Road Towards Democracy).
The book recalled the events of May 1998 which led to his rise to the Presidency. In the book, he
controversially accuses Lieutenant General Prabowo Subianto, Suharto's son-in-law (at that
time) and the Kostrad Commander, of planning a coup d'état against him in May 1998.

§Family[edit]
Habibie was married to Hasri Ainun Besari, a medical doctor, from 12 May 1962 until her death
on 22 May 2010. The couple had two sons, Ilham Akbar Habibie and Thareq Kemal Habibie. B.
J. Habibie's brother, Junus Effendi Habibie, was Indonesian ambassador to the United Kingdom
and the Netherlands.[24][25] After his wife's death, Habibie published a book titled Habibie &
Ainun which recounts his relationship with Hasri Ainun from their courtship until her death. The
book has been adapted into a film of the same name which was released on December 20,
2012.[26]