In 1995 and 1999, households that had received land were issued land-use right certificates.

During
this period, shrimp farmers tried to extend the are of their ponds illegally by encroaching on the
open waterfronts. These were the areas used by the villagers, mostly women and girls , to collect
marine products. Some women participated in bivalve collection in their ponds and others traded
shrimp and other coastal products. However most women are confined to the private sphere and
household duties. Thus, men have better opportunities to earn much more than women who,
because of the persistence of certain patriarchal norms at the village level, were virtually excluded
from the aquaculture resources.

Pada tahun 1995 dan 1999, rumah tangga yang telah menerima lahan menggunakan sertifikat yang
tepat. Selama periode ini, petani udang mencoba untuk memperpanjang area kolam mereka secara
ilegal oleh melanggar batas tepi air terbuka. Ini adalah area yang digunakan oleh penduduk desa,
sebagian besar perempuan dan anak perempuan, untuk mengumpulkan hasil laut. Beberapa wanita
berpartisipasi dalam koleksi kerang di kolam mereka dan orang lain yang diperdagangkan udang dan
pesisir lainny a. Namun kebanyakan wanita terbatas pada tugas lingkup rumah tangga. Dengan
demikian, laki-laki memiliki kesempatan yang lebih banyak karena kegigihan norma-norma patriakal
di tingkat desa.

L.T Van Hue and S. Scott . 2008. Socio-Economic Consequences of Changing Mangrive Management.
Journal compilation Geographical Research. 46(1):62-73. 1`