Bile hahah Samarath Constructions & Design Consultants Value Driven Excellence that Endures the Test of TimeVi COr Samarath Constructions & Design Consultants Value Driven Excellence that Endures the Test of Time Contents: We Expertise in:SCOM ‘& Design Consultants Post tensioning : For more than SO years, construction professionals have called for post-tensioned (PT) concrete. Commonly employed for bridge, dams, parking structures and water storage tanks, the method has also gained inroads in recent years for a wider use, including office building, hotels, industrial facilities , and residential slab - on - ground options. In simple terms, PT is a prestressing method of reinforcing concrete, masonry, and structural elements (e.g. precast and cast - in - place [CIP] beam, wall, column, and slabs). Prestressed concrete or masonry has internal forces induced in to it during the construction phase for counteracting the anticipated external loads encountered during use. ‘The pre- tensioning method of prestressing consists of stressing the reinforcing in side of large steel buttresses, and then casting the concrete around the reinforcing, This can only be done at a precast manufacturing facility; it requires the completed prestressed concrete members be trucked out to the jobsite and then assembled. In post-tensioning, however, reinforcing is simply installed onsite after the contractor forms slabs or constructs the wall.Scont === ‘Samaraih Constructions ‘&Design Consultants The prestressing steel is housed in a sheathing or duct that prevents its bonding with the concrete - this way; it can be stressed after the concrete cures. Using the post-tensioning method of prestressing enables a builder to get all the advantages of prestressing concrete or masonry, while still enabling the freedom to construct the member (e.g, slab, wall, or column ) on location. Post-tensioned reinforcing consists of 7- wire, high-strength, steel strand or bars. Typically, strands are used in horizontal applications like foundations, slabs, and bridges; bars, on the other hand, are reserved for vertical applications like walls and columns or for shorter lengths of post-tensioning (ie. Under 6.1m [20ft] usually used in seismic retention. A typical strand used for post-tensioning has a tensile strength of 1860 MPa (270,00 psi). In comparison, a typical non-prestressed piece of reinforcing (rebar) has a tensile strength of 413.7 Mpa (60,000 psi). Strands typically have a diameter of 12.7 or 15.2 mm (0.5 or 0.6 in);viaa hydraulic jack, they are stressed to a force of 146,790 or 204,618 N (33,000 or 46,000 ibs) respectively. From a single strand to bundling them in groups, upto 91 strands, gives designers and engineers a great deal of flexibility to create open spaces and larger spans. As mentioned, the prestressing steel is housed in sheathing or duct to allow it to move as the tensioning force is applied after the concrete cures, The steel stretches as it is tensioned, and it is locked into place using an anchoring component that forms a mechanical connection and keeps the force in the strand for the duration of the structures use. In SCON we are providing fully comprehensive service from design to final installation >> Preliminary design and estimate >> Installation of all materials » Final design >) Stressing of tendons >> Shop drawings >> Cutting of tendon surplus >> Approval procedures >> Grouting >> Supply of post-tensioning materials Beam Behavior & Loadingsscor === ‘Samarath Constuctions| &Design Consultants Applications: » Office and apartment buildings >> Parking structures »> Bridges >> Sports stadiums »> Rock and soil anchors >» Water-tanks » Piles » Retaining walls Benefits of prestressing: MATERIAL SAVINGS > Thinner concrete member sizes; reduction in concrete is approximately 20%, >> Rebar in floor elements is reduced by 60% to 75% >> Decreased dead load reduces rebar and concrete in columns and foundations >> Reduction in building height decreases the cost of building cladding, vertical mechanical/service elements, and rebar and concrete in shear walls QUICKER CONSTRUCTION >> Potential pour cycle of 3-4 days > Reduced re-shoring requirements >> Coordination with embeds and MEP openings INCREASED PERFORMANCE >> Improved seismic behavior > Reduced deflection and vibration > Improved crack control and waterproofing properties—especially beneficial for parking garages and balconies > Longer spans and fewer columns give greater flexibility ini floor layouts in office/ residential buildings and better lighting in parking garages which €nhances personal safety. REDUCED LIFETIME COSTS >> Lower overall maintenance and lifecycle costs of the structure >> Reduced building height also resulté in energy savings, especially for office buildings >> Potential LEED* credits for Green building design and construction:SsCcor ‘Samaraih Constructions ‘&Design Consultants Material: Strand Pocket Former Anchor Anchor Head Duct Wedges Equipments: Monostrand stressing Jack Electrically operated grout pump Electrically operated high pressure pump Grout agitator Steps > Cable Profiling v > Concreting vN === ‘Samarath Constuctions| ‘&Design Consultants Y Expansion Joints : Joints are provided to bridge the gap between two structural elements. Architectural Expansion Joints are provided in Buildings to cater the movement arising due to temperature variation & structural movement. They are also provided for aesthetic appearance, bridging the structural gaps & Architectural point of view. SCON Architectural Expansion Joints are capable for Structural Gaps from 25 mm to 500 mm. SCON is also having joints tor Seismic Locations which can accommodate movements in all three direction. In SCON we are providing solutions for Building Expansion joints They are classified in two main category a) Seal Type of Joints (For gap to 25 to 75 mm) b) Plate Type of Joints (For gap more than 75 mm) Applications > Interior & Exterior Floor to Floor —_—»_ Ceiling to Ceiling (VCC & VCW Series) (VFF & VFW Series) >> Roof to Roof. (VRR & VRW Series) >> Interior & Exterior Vertical Wall to Wall (VWW & VWC Series) Seal Type of Joints Systems JEENE The sealants a simple and consists of three elements: >> Profile preformed elastomer >> Epoxy adhesive » Pressurization, or void nucleationSCON| ‘Bamarath Constructions ‘&Design Consultants Profile preformed elastomer : It has high chemical resistance, mechanical and weather. It is extruded through special matrices and cured in its final form, The interior of the profile is configured with one or more cavities and presents, on the outside, specially designed ridges to increase surface adhesion. Adhesive ADE 52 The nature of resin, bi-component, high performance, and thixotropic characteristics of applicability that adapt perfectly to the substrate. »> Chemical resistance to oxidation and corrosion >») Mechanical resistance to abrasion and bending »> Weather ability Pressurization Unique technique that forces the profile to dilate against the walls of the joint. It has some unique features: >> Expands the profile at all points >> Accommodates the profile by adapting to the imperfections and irregularities in the walls of the joints >> Compresses the adhesive and ensure the full compliance of the substrate profile >> Prevents flowing away glue during the period of curing of adhesive in case of contraction of slab. Application Fields > Reservoirs > Viaducts, bridges and walkways > Slopes and courtyards of airports » Pools » Interceptor > Buildings > Roads and tunnels » Industrial floors )»> Garages >) Irigation canals > Dams and galleries > Warehousesconrl & Design Consultants, Advantages: JEENE is a researched and developed multipurpose device that offers remarkable features of flexibility, It doesnot use metal and hence resists weather and chemical attack while maintaining the tightness under high hydrostatic pressure. Among other advantages, we emphasize: Ease of visual control Elimination of maintenance Increased durability and low cost Immediate recovery of any damage found Best performance due to its geometric shape Blocking the penetration of impurities in the joints, without interfering with structural movements Overall performance, in special works of art, against abrasion and dynamic load Facility to recover damaged implemented together with other materials vyuyyyyyy sy Quality assurance of application materialsSCOn| Samarath Constructions ‘&Design Consultants Dimensions ofthe profte Maximum Profile ae sd movement in mm Application Width Depth (+) 0a1aM 4 a5 3 2 2 "uOs12M é 38 6 3 3 1u0813M 8 20 8 3 3 | Airports, stabs, racts, LO15M 10 25 10 5 5_.| eemeeievinsie “u1520M a5 30 as 3 = _jretarencccenls "u2027M 20 35 20 30 [20 | “tpessteccs pressure 12530M 25 40 25 a0 [30 below0.2 Mpa 1N3035M 30 45 30 ao |_as U4050M, 40 60 20 20 20, t 20200 20 40 25 zo | _a5 u2540WV 25 50 25 10 15 u3550W 35 60 35 as_|_20 bins ice Ua060W 40 70 30 20 25 | catwaks, tunnels, speci ‘USO7OW 50 30 50 20 [80 _| ereworts sewer, dems, ‘W6OBOW 60 90 60 30 [30] structures with TROT =o Eo 0; in, rmovement® hyerostatic 499120W 100 140 100, 50 50 ese eee ee 20120 120 70 rrr] | 4u150380W 150 210 350 5 75 J1015FW, 10 25 10 4 4 Flo 8 wall works for 1520FW 15 30 15 5 5 Lamesa 112030FW 20 40 20 6 6 | vuisnesses, incustries, 725354W 25, 35 25 7 7 | pedewransrancpontt 3040FW, 30 50 30 3 8) withiow hydrostatic a A 5060FW 50 70 50 30 ao | Seal type joint with JEENE is easy in operation, fast, clean and gives uniform finish. Also delivers the site for use in a few hours.Samarsth Constructions &Design Consultants Plate Type of Joints : The “V" Series joints are proprietary design utilizing extruded aluminum profiles, base members and support plates. System shall consist of metal profile conforming to properties of ASTM B221, Alloy 6061-T6 or 6063-T-5, that incorporates a universal aluminum base member designed to accommodate various project conditions. Joint Systems design considerations call for the ability to accommodate multi - directional seismic movement without stress to its components. Expansion joints subjected to thermal & seismic movement. They handle ice, snow loads & occasional maintenance foot traffic while providing maximum resistance to UV rays & moisture deterioration. Interior Floor to Floor (VFF Series) > Joint System is capable of accommodating multi directional seismic movement. > Durable & Reliable joint system for interioir floor conditions. Design Features: >> System components are universal offering solutions to a variety of project conditions. >> Accommodates multidirectional seismic movements ADA compatible & pedestrian friendly. Maintenance free & minimal component to assembly. 's\s|s|s|2/s\5|/s|| = {| & Interior Floor to Floor (VFF Series)& VFW Series Floor to Wall Joints SCON ‘Samarath Constructions &Design Consultants Interior Floor to Wall (VFW series) >» Joint system is capable of accommodating multi directional seismic movement. >> Durable & reliable joint system for interior floor conditions. Design Features: >> System components are universal offering solutions to a variety of project conditions. >> Accommodates multidirectional seismic movements >> ADA compatible & pedestrian friendly. Maintenance free & minimal component To assembly. | <@ Interior Floor to Wall (VFW Series) Interior & Exterior wall to Wall (VWW series) The joint system is for wider joints exposed to Heavy Loading of when design considerations call for the ability to, accommodate multi directional movements. VW model has excellent load carrying capacity. <@ VWW Series Wall JointsSamarsth Constructions ‘& Design Consultants Interior & Exterior Vertical A & WC Series Wall Wall to Wall (VWW & VWC Series) Corner Joints Interior & Exterior Vertical > Wall to Wall (VWW & VWC Series) Interior Ceiling to Ceiling (VCC series) Joint system is capable of accommodating multi directional seismic movement. Durable & Reliable joint system for interior wall conditions. @ VCC Series Ceiling JointsSCON ‘Samarath Constructions &Design Consultants Design Features: )) Available for wall creating an attractive corridor wrap. > Accommodates multidirectional movements. > Low installation time due to unique fastening system. >> Maintenance free & minimal component to assembly. Roof to Roof. (VRR & VRW Series) Design Features: >> Use of moisture barrier membrane makes the joint system water tight. Capable of accommodating multi directional movement. >> Rugged, Durable & offers Resistant to ice, snow, ozone, ultra violet rays, etc. >> System components are universal & versatile thus offering wide range solutions almost to any condition. >» Suitable for both new & retrofit jobs. j& VRR Series Roof Joints && Roof to Roof. (VRR & VRW Series)Nl Samarsth Constructions ‘& Design Consultants n Micropile is another type of pile which is acts as a supporting Micro Pill yd structure to transfer the load from the building to the ground. As the name implies, micropiles are small diameter piles constructed by the crilling process and are often keyed into rock. Micropile of various diametres can be found in the market ranging from 100mm to 250mm, Of late, technological advancement in machinery has made it possible for micropile of much greater diameters to be constructed. Application of Micropile In the past micropile was only used when the ground conditions warranted it because of considerations on cost and speed. Micropile is slow because of the drilling and flushing process, it might takes minutes or hours to complete. But the trend is such, micropile is now gaining greater popularity and getting wider acceptance because of the requirement to comply with no noise and low vibration regulations, expecially in congested environments. Geotechnically, micropile is most suitable in the following ground conditions : & Shallow Bedrock & Boulders and Cavities EH [1 & Intermediate Hard Strata & UnderpinningHow To Install Micropile scorn! Samarath Constructions ‘&Design Consultants Micropile is widely used in the construction field because of the low vibration and no noise, hence it is widely used in housing area, school, hospital or any location which doesn’t allow to make noise while pile driving process. As you know, concrete pile like spun pile and reinforced concrete square pile produce high volume while driving pile. The installation procedure for micropile is almost similar to bored piling, its using drilling method. & Drilling and Flushing | IN & Withdrawing Drilling String & Inserting Steel Reinforcement & Completed Micropile and GroutingK Samarsth Constructions ‘& Design Consultants n INTRODUCTION Ground Anchors are basically devices used to transmit the forces to the soll by means of pre-stressed tendon to anchor the Structure to the ground or to retain the slopes from collapsing Ground Anchorage ‘The Types of Ground Anchors PRESTRESSED GROUND ANCHORS ‘A) Based on The Anchorage Zone + Rock Anchors- Fixed length is anchored in the hard rock + Soil Anchors- Fixed length is anchored in the Soil B) Based on Nature of Structure + Permanent Anchors ~ Permanent ground anchors have to guarantee their function during the lifetime of the structures to be anchored + Temporary Anchors — Prestressed anchors, which have to fulfill their function only fora limited time Application of Ground Anchors © Based on How itis installed + Vertical Anchors ~ These anchors are provided vertically into the ground + Inclined Anchors - These anchors are provided at an angle into the ground D) Based on Application + Test Anchors ~Test anchors are specially design anchors subject to extensive tests in order to obtain, either comprehensive information on anchor capacity and geo-technical conditions, or to prove the quality and adequacy of design, material and construction + Control Anchors ~ Control anchors are anchors in or beside the structure used for long-term observation. They are often equipped with devices, which monitor the variation of forces and displacement. >> Rock anchors mainly found applications in the following structures >> Inclined anchors in the retaining walls to retain the earth >> Vertical anchors in the raft foundation, to resist the uplift pressure due to high water table > In the diaphragm walls >> To retain embankment slopes of the roads, canals etc. > Rock anchors are used in pile load testingscorn! Samarath Constructions ‘& Design Consultants Stabilization of Unprotected Slopes or man made cuts Securing Structures below Groundwater > level against Buoyancy Anchoring Concentrated tensile Forces as for Cableways or Bridge abutments For Retaining Walls Or for Excavation‘& Design Consultants Prestressed Ground Anchors The Basic function of ground anchors consists of transmitting tensile forces in to the ground by means of - > The Anchor Head, holding the tendon under tension and transmitting forces in to the structure >> The Fixed Anchor Length, the part of the tendon over which the force is transmitted in to the ground through the bond between the prestressing steel, the grout and the soll Itis also called the bonded length. >> The Free Anchor Length, the part over which the tendon can elastically elongate and is also called the unbonded length. To graduate a free elongation this length should not be less than 5 m. Components of the Anchor See od >> HT Strand (12.7 mm or 15.2 mm dia.) BA ITE >> Anchor Head » Thrust plate Spacers = Anchor Head >> MS/HDPE Sleeve >> Spacers The Types of Ground Anchors METHODOLOGY FOR GROUND ANCHORS: Rock anchoring work is carried out in the following steps- » Drilling > Water Test ( Permeability test) p Virgin Grouting yp Re-drilling 9 Homing >> Primary Grouting ( Fixed length grouting) »> Stressing >> Secondary GroutingSCOn| ‘Samarath Constructions ‘& Design Consultants DRILLING As per the design requirement and the location given on the drawing, drilling of the hole, vertical or inclined, is carried out using percussion DTH type drilling method. Drilling depth is taken as the fixed length plus free length plus extra depth of at least 300 mm. IF the wall of the hole is not standing by its own, a MS or PVC casing is inserted in the Free length of the anchor and drilling of the fixed length is then carried out. Hole should be flushed with clean water and compressed air. Check List- Hole should be checked for its depth. WATER TESTING The anchorage length (fixed length) for all permanent anchors has to be tested for water-proofing to avoid corrosion. Water tests are normally carried out by fixing a packer at the top of the fixed length or top of holes and conducting the test under pressure. Normally if the water loss is less than 3 lugeons, the hole shall be considered to be satisfactory and where salinity in the grout is high, minimum acceptable permeability value shall be taken as 1 lugeon. Check List- Water Pressure and quantity of water should be checked VIRGIN GROUTING Rubber packer is fixed at the junction of fixed length and free length by tightening the screw jack. Pressure grouting should be done with the help of electrical grouting pump. Water cement ratio should be kept high initially. Grouting should be done from lean to rich mix. This grouting is necessary to fill up the cracks and fissures in the rock. Check List- Check the quantity of cement grouted REDRILLING Re-drilling can be taken up 24 hours after the grouting has been done. Drilling bit of smaller diameter than that used for drilling can be used for re-drilling. After total completion of drilling of fixed length, hole should be flushed with clean water and air. Check List- Depth of the hole should be checked.Nl Samarsth Constructions ‘& Design Consultants n Fabrication of Anchor Strands are cut to the required length. Required length is derived such that fixed length plus free length plus extra 1 meter for jacking purpose. Strands are then cleaned to remove rust, oil, dust if any. 1) Fixed length Fixed length Is provided with two coats of epoxy. Epoxy coats are applied with brush. Second coat is applied when first coat is dried for 24 hours. When still second coat is sticky quartz sand is sprinkled over the fixed length. This will enhance the bond between strand and grout. Spacers are provided at 1 m c/c throughout the fixed length to keep sufficient space in between the strands. Dead end anchorage should be provided at the end of the fixed length of the anchor to guide the anchor in to the hole. 2) Free length Free length is provided with a single coat of epoxy based red oxide paint. Flexible PVC pipe is then provided over the free length. HDPE dummy pipe is provided through out the anchor length for the grouting work. Rock - Anchor 4 showing fixed and free length Homing Fabricated anchor is then slowly lowered in to the hole. Precaution should be taken so that anchor should be remaining suspended at least 300 mm above the bottom of the hole. Anchor should be firmly secured at ground level with the help of clamp until the fixed length grouting is completed. Check List: Depth of anchor InsertedSamarath Constructions ‘& Design Consultants Primary Grouting (Fixed length grouting) Primary grouting or fixed length grouting is carried out with neat cement using water cement ratio of 0.4, Admixture may be added if client permits. Pre measured quantity is pumped through HOPE dummy pipe with the help of electrically operated grout pump. Dummy pipe is slowly taken out side as the grout quantity pumped inside the anchor hole. Check List: fater cement ratio & Quantity of Cement grouted to be checked 2. Depth of grout should be checked after 24 hours STRESSING Stressing can be carried out only when grout has attained sufficient strength of 30 Mpa which normally achieved in 21 days. For earlier strength Conbextra GP2 can be used. Extra length of the anchor kept for jacking is cleaned, Anchor plate is fixed on the cable. Anchor is then stressed using hydraulic jack of required capacity and anchor is locked in the anchor plate Check List- Pressure on Gauge and elongation to be checked SECONDARY GROUTING The protruding length of HT strands are cut and the annular space of the anchor including the free length portionis then grouted. Check List- Quantity of cement grouted to be checked Bunglow at LonawalaSamarsth Constructions ‘& Design Consultants Lem er Celina Le Too ALE Nahar’s Amrit Shakti project,ChandiviliSS DAMN C LL) MTL} NMMC headquarter, Belapur Samarath Constructions ‘& Design ConsultantsSCOn| Samarath Constructions & Design Consultants Samarath Constructions & Design Consultants Regd. Office : 402, A wing, Shree Variya Friendship C.H.S., Nandivli Road, Dombivli (E), Dist. : Thane - 421201 MbI : 9503000278, 9821078088, 8689946699 Email : samarthcdc@gmail.com