4/11/2018 Score A Notes

MATHEMATICS - FORM 1

POLYGONS

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POLYGONS

A) Recognising Polygons

A polygon is a plane figure with three or

more straight edges as its sides.

For example :-

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(a) (b)

(a) and (b) are polygons.

(c) (d)

(c) and (d) are not polygons.

B) Names of Polygons
1. A polygon is named after the number of

sides it contains. The following names

are given to some common polygons.

2. In general, a polygon with n sides is called

a n-gone.

For example :-

A polygon with 12 sides is called a 12-gon.

Worked Example 1

Name the following polygons.

(a)

(b)

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C) Determining the Number of Sides, Vertices

and Diagonals in a given Polygon
1. A vertex is the point where two straight

lines meet.

2. A diagonal is a straight line joining two

vertices which are not adjacent to each

other.

For example :-

The quadrilateral KLMN contains

(i) 4 sides (i.e. KL, LM, MN and KN )

(ii) 40vertices (i.e. K, L, M and N )

(iii) 2 diagonals ( i.e. KM and LN )

Worked Example 2

State the number of

(i) sides, (ii) vertices, (iii) diagonals

in each of the following polygons.

(a) (b)

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3. The table below shows the number of

sides, vertices and diagonals for some

common polygons.

D) Sketching Polygons

To sketch a polygon,determine the number

of sides or vertices the polygon has first.

Worked Example 3

Sketch two different shapes to represent the

following polygons.

(a) Quadrilateral

(b) Hexagon

Solution

(a)

(b)

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SYMMETRY
A) Determining and Drawing the Line(s)
of Symmetry of Shapes
1. An object is said to have a line of symmetry if it

can be divided into identical halves when it is

folded along that line.

For example :-

(a)

(b)

2. An object may have more than one line of

symmetry.

For example :-

(a)

Worked example 4

Determine whether each of the following

object has a line of symmetry.

(a) (b)

Solution

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Worked Example 5

Draw and state the number of line (s) of

symmetry in each of the following object.

(a) (b)

Solution

(a) (b)

1 line of 2 lines of
symmetry symmetry

Worked Example 6

The figurs below are drawn on square grids.

Draw and state the number of lines of symmetry

in each figure.

(a) (b)

Solution

(a)

2 lines of symmetry

(b)

4 lines of symmmetry

Worked Example 7

The figure below are drawn on tessellation

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of equilateral triangles. Draw and state the

number of lines of symmetry in each figure.

(a) (b)

Solution

(a)

2 lines of symmetry

(b)

1 line of symmetry

B) Completing a given Shape

(a)

(b)

Solution

(a)

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(b)

(a) (b)

Solution

(a) (b)

C) Drawing Designs using the

Concept of Symmetry

(a) (b)

Solution

Below are two possinble designs.

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(a)

(b)

(a) (b)

Solution

(a) (b)

10.3 TRIANGLES

A) Recognising Different Types of Triangles

and their Geometric Properties

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(ii)

(iii)

(b) The types of angles

(a) (b)

(a) (c)

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(b)

B) Determining and Drawing Lines

of Symmetry of given Triangles

(a) (c)

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(b)

Solution

C) Drawing Triangles

Solution

Step 1

Skretch the triangle.

Step 2

Draw EF = 2 cm.

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Step 3

Using a protractor, draw an angle of 50 at F.

Step 4

Using a ruler, mark the point G 1 from F.

Step 5

Join EG

Solution

Step 1

Sketch the triangle.

Step 2

Draw JK = 3 CM.

Step 3

Using a protractor, draw an angle of 30 at J.

Step 4

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Using a ruler, mark the point L 1.5 cm from K.

Step 5

Join KL.

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D) Determining the Sum of Angles of a Triangle

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E) Determining the Angles of an Equilateral Triangle

(a) (b)

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F) Determining Wheter the two Base Angles of an

Isosceles Triangle are Equal

G) Determining the Exterior and Interior

Opposite Angles of a Triangle

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H) Problem Solving involving Triangle

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10.4 QUADRILATERALS

A) Recognising Different Types of Quarilaterals

and their Geometric Properties

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B) Determining and Drawing Lines of

Symmetry of given Quadrilaterals

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C) Drawing Quadrilaterals

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D) Determining the Sum of Angles

of a Quadrilateral

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E) Determining whether the Opposite

Angles of a Parallelogram are Equal

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F) Problem Solving involving Quadrilateral

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