Integumentary system includes…

Skin appendages

Integumentary System 2:
Skin derivatives Hair and Oil glands
Hair follicles
10/16/09

Sweat glands Nails

Outline Hair (pili)

Structure Function
• Columns of dead • Detect touch
• Hair and hair follicles keratinized cells • Protection
• Glands: oil and sweat • Widely distributed
• Nails
Follicle wall
• Effects of aging
• Cuticle
• Cortex
Hair
• Medulla

cross section

produced by hair follicles

Figure 5.6b

Hair follicle Hair follicle

• Epidermis to hypodermis • Epidermis to hypodermis
• Wall • Wall
Follicle wall

• Hair bulb • Hair bulb

Hair shaft
– Matrix: mitosis  new hair Follicle wall – Matrix: mitosis  new hair Hair
– Papilla: blood vessels – Papilla: blood vessels Arrector
pili

• Hair follicle receptor: sensation Hair • Hair follicle receptor: sensation Sebaceous
gland
Hair root
• Arrector Pili: smooth muscle • Arrector Pili: smooth muscle Hair bulb

Hair shaft Hair matrix

Hair papilla
Arrector cross section of a hair and hair
pili Figure 5.6d
follicle (250x)
Sebaceous
gland
Hair root
Figure 5.6b Hair bulb

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 Structure of glands
Epithelial tissue - glandular
Exocrine glands - secrete to the surface
Oil (sebaceous)
Oil (sebaceous) glands
• Everywhere except palms and soles
• Secrete sebum into hair follicle or skin pore
Sweat • Fxn: Inhibit bacteria, moisten skin and hair

Sebaceous
gland

Eccrine
gland

Hair in
hair follicle
Dermal Figure 5.5a
Connective tissue Figure 5.5

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands Nails

2 types
Structure Function
• Eccrine (merocrine) • Apocrine • Scalelike modification of • “Tool”
epidermis
(a) Lunule
• Hard keratin
Secrete true sweat Secrete sweat + fat + proteins
• Distal part of finger or toe
Fxn: thermoregulation Fxn: puberty, sexual scents ?
• Root, body, free edge Eponychium
Free Body (cuticle)
• Nail bed edge
Root
• Matrix: growth Matrix

Nail bed bone

(b)
Figure 5.5b ium Figure 5.7

Effects of Aging Summary

• Basal cell activity • The integumentary system includes skin
• Melanocyte activity appendages which are epithelial tissue
• Langerhan cells derived from the epidermis.
• Glandular activity • Hair, hair follicles, oil and sweat glands and
• Blood supply to dermis nails each have unique structures that fit
• Hair follicles malfunction their functions.
• Slow skin repair • The effects of aging result in deterioration of
the integumentary system and its functions.

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 Next time
Skeletal System

histology, growth, joints