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API 571 Exercises Rev2 PDF
API 571 Exercises Rev2 PDF
1. Temper Embrittlement is a ________ in toughness that can occur in some low alloy
steels.
A. increase
B. decrease
A. higher temperatures
B. lower temperatures
3. Temper Embrittlement can be readily found by Visual and other NDE methods.
A. True
B. False
A. during shutdown
B. during startup
C. during startup and shutdown
7. Brittle fracture cracks will typically be straight, non-branching, and largely devoid of
any associated plastic deformation.
A. True
B. False
A. on the surface
B. in the through thickness
C. on the interior
11. Thermal fatigue is best prevented through design and operation to minimize thermal
stresses and thermal cycling. Some methods to help prevent thermal fatigue include
____________________________________________.
12. External ________inspection can be used for non-intrusive inspection for internal
thermal fatigue cracking and where reinforcing pads prevent nozzle examination.
A. Dye penetrant
B. Shear Wave UT
C. Visual
A. True
B. False
A. cavitation
B. fretting
C. carburization
A. at openings only
B. at notches or stress raisers
C. underneath reinforcement pads only
19. Heat treatment can have a significant effect on the toughness and hence fatigue
resistance of a metal. In general ___________tend to perform better
than___________.
20. An example of a component that might exhibit mechanical fatigue due to thermal
cycling is a ______________________________________.
A. SWUT, RT and MT
B. PT, MT and SWUT
C. RT, PT and MT
23. Piping on supports are often very prone to atmospheric corrosion due to ________.
24. The method(s) that can be used for inspection to find atmospheric corrosion
are_________________.
A. Visual and RT
B. UT and Visual
26. It is known that 300 Series SS, 400 Series SS and duplex SS are subject to pitting
and localized corrosion. The 300 series are also subject to what form of attack if
chlorides are present?
A. ________________________________________
27. Preventing CUI calls for careful selection of insulating materials. Therefore
__________ materials will hold less water against the vessel/pipe wall than
___________and, are potentially be less corrosive.
28. The recommended technique for identifying wet insulation and potential CUI is
____________.
A. Profile radiography
B, Neutron backscatter
C. Insulation removal
29. Cooling water corrosion is a general or localized corrosion of carbon steels and
other metals caused by _______________________________________.
30. ________cooling water outlet temperatures and or process side inlet temperatures
tend to increase corrosion rates as well as fouling tendency.
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing
31. Cooling water corrosion ________areas will appear as grooving along the weld
fusion lines.
A. at GTAW welds
B. at ERW welds
C. at nozzle welds
32. Cooling water should be monitored for variables that affect corrosion and fouling.
Below list the main variables that affect cooling water corrosion.
A. _______________________________
B. _______________________________
C. _______________________________
D. _______________________________
E. _______________________________
F. _______________________________
G. _______________________________
33. Corrosion in boiler feed water and condensate return system is usually the result of
dissolved gases, such as____________________________.
34. Corrosion from oxygen tends to be pitting type damage and can show up any where
in the system, but is most aggressive in __________________________.
35. _______________is the common monitoring tool used to assure that the various
treatment systems are performing in a satisfactory manner.
A. pH measurement alone
B. complete water analysis
C. oxygen content
4.4.2 Sulfidation
36. Which of the following alloys form sulfides at a lower temperature than carbon
steel?
A. copper alloys
B. nickel alloys
C. aluminum alloys
37. Generally the resistance to Sulfidation in iron and nickel base alloys increases as
the _____________ content increases.
A. nickel
B. molybdenum
C. chromium
A. UT thickness and VT
B. UT thickness and Profile RT
C. EC and Profile RT
40. The description of Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking is surface initiated cracks
caused by environmental cracking of 300 Series SS and some nickel base alloys
under the combined action of tensile stress, temperature and an aqueous chloride
environment. This condition is accelerated by__________.
A. increasing temperature
B. decreasing temperature
C. decreasing chloride
A. nickel
B. duplex stainless steel
C. 300 series stainless steel
A. above 2
B. below 2
C. above 4
43. Inspection for CL SCC can be detected by using which of the following NDE
methods?
A. VT
B. PT
C. Both methods above
A. Carbon Steel
B. Austenitic Stainless Steel
C. All metals and alloys
45. The fatigue fracture is brittle and the cracks are most often _________, as in stress-
corrosion cracking, but not branched, and often results in propagation of
____________cracks.
A. VT
B. MT
C. WFMT
A. non-PWHT welds
B. PWHT welds
C. nozzles and other openings
48. Crack propagation rates increase dramatically with temperature and can sometimes
grow through wall in ____________________________.
49. Caustic embrittlement is often found in piping and equipment that handles caustic.
It may also be found in a process unit that______________________.
A. removes naphtha
B. mercaptans
C. Light Gas Oil
A. 1250 oF
B. 1150 oF
C. 1300 oF
A. ________________________________________________________
B. ________________________________________________________
C. ________________________________________________________
D. ________________________________________________________
52. Blistering, HIC, and SOHIC damage have been found to occur between ambient
and _______________.
A. 300oF or higher
B. 400oF or higher
C. 500oF or higher
53. Typical low-strength carbon steels used in refinery applications should be controlled
to produce weld hardness <200 HB. These steels are not usually subject to SCC at
hardness below ___________________.
A. 200 HB
B. 237 HB
C. 190 HB
A. cannot be
B. can be
C. may be
54. HTHA occurs when hydrogen reacts with ______in steel to form ______which
cannot diffuse through the steel.
A. True
B. False
1. B 36. A
2. A 37. C
3. B 38. B
4. A 39. C
5. C 40. A
6. C 41. C
7. A 42. A
8. C 43. C
9. B 44. C
10. A 45. A
11. D 46. C
12. B 47. A
13. B 48. B
14. B 49. B
15. A 50. B
16. C 51. A. Hydrogen Blistering
17. A B. Hydrogen Induced Cracking
18. B C. Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking
19. C D. Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking
20. B 52. A
21. B 53. B
22. A 54. C
23. C 55. B
24. B 56. B
25. C
26. A. Stress Corrosion Cracking
27. A
28. B
29. A
30. B
31. B
32. A. pH
B. Oxygen Content
C. Cycles of Concentration
D. Biocide Residual
E. Biological Activity
F. Cooling Water Outlet Temperature
G. Hydrocarbon Contamination& Process Leaks
33. C
34. A
35. B