Sol Cap 06 - Edicion 8 PDF

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System
Chapter 6, Solution 1.
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Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
FAB 800 lb FBC
= =
15 8 17
so FAB = 1500 lb T W
FBC = 1700 lb C W
Joint C:
FAC Cx 1700 lb
= =
8 15 17
FAC = 800 lb T W
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, 8/e, Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr.,
Elliot R. Eisenberg, William E. Clausen, David Mazurek, Phillip J. Cornwell
© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
1 4
ΣFx = 0: FAB − FBC = 0
2 5
1 3
ΣFy = 0: FAB + FBC − 4.2 kN = 0
2 5
7
so FBC = 4.2 kN FBC = 3.00 kN C !
5
12 2
FAB = kN FAB = 3.39 kN C !
Joint C: 5
4 12
ΣFx = 0: (3.00 kN) − FAC = 0
5 13
13
FAC = kN FAC = 2.60 kN T !
5
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
FAB FBC 450 lb
= =
12 13 5
so FAB = 1080 lb T W
FBC = 1170 lb C W
Joint C:
3 12
ΣFx = 0: FAC − (1170 lb ) = 0
5 13
FAC = 1800 lb C W
Joint FBDs:
Joint D:
FCD FAD 500 lb

= =
8.4 11.6 8
FAD = 725 lb T W
FCD = 525 lb C W
Joint C:
ΣFx = 0: FBC − 525 lb = 0
FBC = 525 lb C W
This is apparent by inspection, as is FAC = C y
8.4 3
ΣFx = 0: (725 lb) − FAB − 375 lb = 0
11.6 5
Joint A:
FAB = 250lb T W
4 8
ΣFy = 0: FAC − (250 lb) − (725 lb) = 0
5 11.6
FAC = 700 lb C W
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0 : Cx = 0
By symmetry: C y = D y = 6 kN
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
1
ΣFy = 0: − 3 kN + FAB = 0
5
FAB = 3 5 = 6.71 kN T W
Joint C: 2
ΣFx = 0: FAB − FBC = 0 FBC = 6.00 kN C W
5
3
ΣFy = 0: 6 kN − FAC = 0 FAC = 10.00 kN C W
5
4
ΣFx = 0: 6 kN − FAC + FCD = 0 FCD = 2.00 kN T W
Joint A: 5
 1  3 
ΣFy = 0: − 2 3 5 kN  + 2  10 kN  − 6 kN = 0 check
 5  5 
By symmetry: FAE = FAB = 6.71 kN T W
FAD = FAC = 10.00 kN C W
FDE = FBC = 6.00 kN C W
FBD Truss:
ΣM A = 0: (10.2 m ) C y + ( 2.4 m )(15 kN ) − ( 3.2 m )( 49.5 kN ) = 0

C y = 12.0 kN
Joint FBDs:
Joint FBDs:
Joint C:
FBC F 12 kN
= CD =
7.4 7.4 8
FBC = 18.50 kN C W
FCD = 18.50 kN T W
Joint B: 4 7
ΣFX = 0: FAB − (18.5 kN) = 0
5 7.4
FAB = 21.875 kN; FAB = 21.9 kN C W
3 2.4
ΣFy = 0: (21.875 kN) − 49.5 kN + (18.5 kN) + FBD = 0
5 7.4
FBD = 30.375 kN; FBD = 30.4 kN C W
Joint D:
4 7
ΣFx = 0: − FAD + (18.5 kN ) + 15 kN = 0
5 7.4
FAD = 40.625 kN; FAD = 40.6 kN T W
Joint FBDs:
Joint E:
FBE FDE 3 kN
= =
5 4 3
FBE = 5.00 kN T W
FDE = 4.00 kN C W
Joint B:
4
ΣFx = 0: − FAB + (5 kN) = 0
5
FAB = 4.00 kN T W
3
ΣFy = 0: FBD − 6 kN − (5 kN) = 0
5
FBD = 9.00 kN C W
Joint D: 3
ΣFy = 0: FAD − 9 kN = 0
5
FAD = 15.00 kN T W
4
ΣFx = 0: FCD − (15 kN) − 4 kN = 0
5
FCD = 16.00 kN C W
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
By inspection: FAB = 12.00 kips C W
FBD = 0 W
Joint A:
FAC FAD 12 kips
= =
5 13 12
FAC = 5.00 kips C W
FAD = 13.00 kips T W
Joint D:
12
ΣFx = 0: FCD − (13 kips) − 18 kips = 0
13
FCD = 30.0 kips C W
5
ΣFy = 0: (13 kips) − FDF = 0
13
FDF = 5.00 kips T W
12
ΣFx = 0: 30 kips − FCF = 0
Joint C: 13
FCF = 32.5 kips T W
5
ΣFy = 0: FCE − 5 kips − (32.5 kips)
13
FCE = 17.50 kips C W
Joint E: by inspection: FCF = 0 W
First note that, by inspection of joint H: FCH = 0 !
and FDH = FGH
then, by inspection of joint C: FCG = 0 !
and FBC = FCD
then, by inspection of joint G: FBG = 0 !
and FFG = FGH

Joint FBDs:
Joint D: then, by inspection of joint B: FBF = 0 !
and FAB = FBC
FCD FDH 10 kips

= =
12 13 5
Joint A: so FCD = 24.0 kips T !
FDH = 26.0 kips C !

and, from above: FAB = FBC = 24.0 kips T !
FGH = FFG = 26.0 kips C !
FAF F 24 kips
= AE =
5 41 4
Joint F: FAF = 30.0 kips C !
FAE = 25.6 kips T !
12
ΣFx = 0: FEF − (26 kips) = 0
13
FEF = 24.0 kips C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: H x = 0
By symmetry: A y = H y = 4 kips
by inspection of joints C and G : FAC = FCE and FBC = 0 W

FEG = FGH and FFG = 0 W
also, by symmetry FAB = FFH , FBD = FDF , FCE = FEG and FBE = FEF
Joint FBDs:
FAB FAC 3 kips
= =
Joint A: 5 4 3
so FAB = 5.00 kips C W
FAC = 4.00 kips T W
and, from above, FFH = 5.00 kips C W
and FCE = FEG = FGH = 4.00 kips T W

Joint B:
4 4 10
ΣFx = 0: (5 kips) − FBE − FBD = 0
5 5 109
3 3 3
ΣFy = 0: ( 5 kips ) − 2 − FBD + FBE = 0
5 109 5
so FBD = 3.9772 kips, FBE = 0.23810 kips

or FBD = 3.98 kips C W
Joint E: FBE = 0.238 kips C W
and, from above, FDF = 3.98 kips C W
FEF = 0.238 kips C W
3
ΣFy = 0 : FDE − 2 (0.23810 kips) = 0
5
FDE = 0.286 kips T W
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣM G = 0: 3a Ay − 2a (3 kN) − a (6 kN) = 0
A y = 4 kN
by inspection of joint C, FAC = FCE and FBC = 0 W
by inspection of joint D, FBD = FDF and FDE = 6.00 kN C W
Joint FBDs:
FAC FAB 4 kN
Joint A: = =
21 29 20
FAB = 5.80 kN C W
FAC = 4.20 kN C W
from above, FCE = 4.20 kN C W
20 20
ΣFy = 0: ( 5.80 kN ) − 3 kN − FBE = 0
29 29
Joint B:
29
FBE = FBE = 1.450 kN T W
20
21  29 
ΣFx = 0:  5.80 kN + kN  − FBD = 0
29  20 
FBD = 5.25 kN C W
from above, FDF = 5.25 kN C W
21
ΣFx = 0: 5.25 kN − FEF = 0
Joint F: 29
FEF = 7.25 kN T W
20
ΣFy = 0: FFG − (7.25 kN) − 1 kN = 0
29
FFG = 6.00 kN C W
by inspection of joint G, FEG = 0 W
FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By symmetry: A y = B y = 4.90 kN
and FAB = FEG , FAC = FFG , FBC = FEF

FBD = FDE , FCD = FDF
5 4
Joint FBDs: ΣFx = 0: FAC − FAB = 0
29 5
Joint A: 2 3
ΣFy = 0: FAC − FAB + 4.9 kN = 0
29 5
FAC = 2.8 29 kN FAC = 15.08 kN T
FAD = 17.50 kN C
4 1
Joint B: ΣFx = 0: (17.5 kN − FBD ) − FBC = 0
5 2
3 1
ΣFy = 0: (17.5 kN − FBD ) + FBC − 2.8 kN = 0
5 2
FBD = 15.50 kN C
FBC = 1.6 2 kN; FBC = 2.26 kN C
Joint C: 4 1 2
ΣFy = 0:
5
FCD −
2
(
1.6 2 kN −
29
)
(2.8 29 kN) = 0
FCD = 9.00 kN T
1 3 5
ΣFx = 0: FCF +
2
( )
1.6 2 kN + (9 kN) −
5 29
(2.8 29 kN) = 0
FCF = 7.00 kN T
from symmetry, FEG = 17.50 kN C
FFG = 15.08 kN T
FEF = 2.26 kN C
FDE = 15.50 kN C
FDF = 9.00 kN T
FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

ΣM A = 0: (8 m) Gy − (4 m)(4.2 kN) − (2m)(2.8 kN) = 0
G y = 2.80 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2.8 kN − 4.2 kN + 2.8 kN = 0
A y = 4.2 kN
Joint FBDs: 5 4
ΣFx = 0: FAC − FAB = 0
29 5
Joint A:
2 3
ΣFy = 0: FAC − FAB + 4.2 kN = 0
29 5
FAB = 15.00 kN C !
FAC = 2.4 29 FAC = 12.92 kN T !
Joint B:
4 1
ΣFx = 0: (15.00 kN − FBD ) − FBC = 0
5 2
3 1
ΣFy = 0: (15.00 kN − FBD ) + FBC − 2.8 kN = 0
5 2
FBD = 13.00 kN C !
FBC = 1.6 2 kN, FBC = 2.26 kN C !

Joint C:
ΣFy = 0:
4
5
FCD −
2
29
(
2.4 29 kN −
1
)
2
(1.6 2 kN) = 0
FCD = 8.00 kN T !
3 5
ΣFx = 0: FCF + (8.00 kN ) − (2.4 29 kN)
5 29
1
+ (1.6 2 kN) = 0
2
FCF = 5.60 kN T !
continued
By inspection of joint E, FDE = FEG and FEF = 0 !

Joint F:
4 2
ΣFy = 0: FDF − FFG = 0
5 29
3 5
ΣFx = 0: − 5.6 kN − FDF + FFG = 0
5 29
FDF = 4.00 kN T !
FFG = 1.6 29 kN FFG = 8.62 kN T !
Joint G: 4 5
ΣFx = 0: FEG − (1.6 29 kN) = 0
5 29
FEG = 10.00 kN C !
from above (joint E) FDE = 10.00 kN C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
ΣM A = 0: 4a H y − 3a (1.5 kN) − 2a (2 kN)
− a (2 kN) = 0 H y = 3.625 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1 kN − 2 kN − 2 kN − 1.5 kN − 1 kN
+ 3.625 kN = 0 A y = 3.875 kN
Joint FBDs: FAB FAC 2.625 kN

= =
29 26 1
Joint A:
FAB = 15.4823 kN, FAB = 15.48 kN C !
FAC = 14.6597 kN, FAC = 14.66 kN T !
By inspection of joint C: FCE = FAC = 14.66 kN T, FBC = 0 !
Joint B: 2
ΣFy = 0: (15.4823 kN − FBD ) − 2 kN = 0
29
FBD = 10.0971 kN, FBD = 10.10 kN C !
5
ΣFx = 0: (15.4823 kN − 10.0971 kN ) − FBE = 0
29
FBE = 5.0000 kN, FBE = 5.00 kN C !
continued
Joint D: By symmetry: FDF = 10.0971 kN, FDF = 10.10 kN C !
 2 
ΣFy = 0: − FDE + 2  10.0971 kN  − 2 kN = 0
 29 
FDE = 5.50 kN T !
FGH FFH 2.625 kN

= =
Joint H: 26 29 1
FFH = 14.1361 kN FFH = 14.14 kN C !
FGH = 13.3849 kN FGH = 13.38 kN T !
By inspection of joint G: FEG = FGH = 13.38 kN T and FFG = 0 !
2
ΣFx = 0 : FEF + (10.0971 kN − 14.1361 kN ) = 0
29
Joint F:
FEF = 3.75 kN C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
ΣM A = 0: 8a ( J y − 1 kN) − 7a (1 kN) − 6a (2.8 kN)
− 4a (4.5 kN) − 2a (4 kN) − a(1 kN) = 0
J y = 6.7 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1 kN − 1 kN − 1.4 kN − 4.5 kN − 2.8 kN
− 1 kN − 1 kN + 6.7 kN = 0 A y = 6.0 kN
Joint FBDs:
Joint A: 3 5 13
ΣFy = 0: 5 kN − FAB = 0, FAB = kN
13 3
FAB = 6.01 kN C !
2  5 13 
ΣFx = 0: FAC −  kN  = 0, FAC = 3.33 kN T !
13  3 
2  5 13 
ΣFx = 0:  kN − FBC − FBD  = 0,
Joint B: 13  3 
5 13
FBC + FBD = kN
3
3  5 13 
ΣFy = 0:  kN + FBC − FBD  − 1 kN = 0,
13  3 
4 13
FBD − FBC = kN
3
3
FBD = 13 kN FBD = 5.41 kN C !
2
1
FBC = 13 kN FBC = 0.601 kN C !
6
continued
By inspection of joint F: FEF = 0 !
Joint E: By symmetry: FDE = FEG
1 9
ΣFy = 0: 2 FDE − 4.5 kN = 0, FDE = 17 kN
17 4
FDE = 9.28 kN C !
2 3  4 9 
ΣFx = 0: FDF +  13 kN  −  17 kN  = 0
13  2  17  4 
Joint D: FDF = 6.00 kN T !
3 3  1 9 
ΣFy = 0:  13 kN  − 1.4 kN − FCD −  17 kN  = 0
13  2  17  4 
FCD = 0.850 kN T !
3  13  3
Joint C: ΣFy = 0: 0.850 kN −  kN  − FCG = 0
 5
13  6 
1.75
FCG = kN FCG = 0.583 kN C !
3
4  1.75  2  13  10
ΣFx = 0: FCI −  kN  −  kN  − kN = 0
5 3  13  6  3
FCI = 3.47 kN !

\
ΣM A = 0: 8a( J y − 1 kN) − 7a(1 kN) − 6a(2.8 kN)
− 4a(4.5 kN) − 2a(4 kN) − a(1 kN) = 0
J y = 6.7 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1 kN − 1 kN − 1.4 kN − 4.5 kN − 2.8 kN
−1 kN − 1 kN + 6.7 kN = 0 A = 6.0 kN
Joint FBDs: 3
ΣFy = 0: (6.7 − 1) kN − FHJ = 0, FHJ = 1.9 13 kN
Joint J: 13
FHJ = 6.85 kN C !
2
ΣFx = 0: (1.9 13 kN) − FIJ = 0, FIJ = 3.80 kN T !
13
2
ΣFx = 0: ( FGH + FHI − 1.9 13 kN) = 0
Joint H: 13
3
ΣFy = 0: ( FHI − FGH + 1.9 13 kN) − 1 kN = 0
13
26
FGH = 13 kN, FGH = 6.25 kN C !
15
13
FHI = kN, FHI = 0.601 kN C !
6
2  13 
Joint I: ΣFx = 0: 3.80 kN −  kN  − FCI = 0
13  6 
10.4
FCI = kN, FCI = 3.47 kN T !
3
3  13 
ΣFy = 0: FGI −  kN  = 0, FGI = 0.500 kN T !
13  6 

continued
By inspection of joint F, FEF = 0 !

By symmetry FDE = FEG
Joint E:
 1  9
ΣFy = 0: 2 FEG  − 4.5 kN = 0, FEG = 17 kN
 17  4
FEG = 9.28 kN C !
3  26  1 3 1 9 
ΣFy = 0:  13 kN  − kN − FCG −  17 kN 
Joint G: 13  15  2 5 17  4 
− 2.8 kN = 0
1.75
FCG = − kN FCG = 0.583 kN C !
3
4 9  4  1.75 
ΣFx = 0:  17 kN  − FFG −  − 
17  4  5 3 
2  26 
−  13 kN  = 0
13  15 
FFG = 6.00 kN T !
FBD Truss: By load symmetry, A y = H y = 1600 lb
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
6.72 ft
θ = tan −1 = 16.2602°
23.04 ft
ΣFy′ = 0: (1600 lb − 400 lb) cosθ − FAC sin θ = 0

Joint FBDs:
Joint A: FAC = 4114.3 lb FAC = 4.11 kips T !
ΣFx = 0: FAC cos 2θ − FAB cosθ = 0
FAB = 3613.5 lb FAB = 3.61 kips C !
ΣFx′ = 0: 3613.5 lb − FBD + (800 lb)sin θ = 0

Joint B: FBD = 3837.5 lb FBD = 3.84 kips C !
ΣFy′ = 0: FBC − (800 lb) cosθ = 0
FBC = 768.00 lb FBC = 0.768 kips C !
ΣFy′′ = 0: FCD sin 2θ − (768 lb) cosθ = 0

Joint C: FCD = 1371.4 lb FCD = 1.371 kips T !
ΣFx′′ = 0: FCE + (1371.4 lb) cos2θ − (768 lb)sin θ − 4114.3 lb = 0

FCE = 2742.9 lb FCE = 2.74 kips T !
continued
Joint E:
ΣFy = 0: (2742.9 lb)sin 2θ − FDE cosθ = 0
FDE = 1536.01 lb FDE = 1.536 kips C !
FBD Truss:
By load symmetry, A y = H y = 1600 lb
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
6.72 ft
θ = tan −1 = 16.2602°
23.04 ft
Joint FBDs:
Joint H:
ΣFy = 0: 1600 lb − 400 lb − FFH sin θ = 0
FFH = 4285.7 lb, FFH = 4.29 kips C
ΣFx = 0: ( 4285.7 lb ) cosθ − FGH = 0
FGH = 4114.3 lb FGH = 4.11 kips T

Joint F:
ΣFy′ = 0: FFG − ( 800 lb ) cosθ = 0
FFG = 768.0 lb FFG = 0.768 kips C
ΣFx′ = 0: FDF + ( 800 lb ) sin θ − 4285.7 lb = 0
FDF = 4061.7 lb FDF = 4.06 kips C
Joint G:
ΣFy = 0: FDG sin 2θ − (768 lb) cosθ = 0
FDG = 1371.4 lb FDG = 1.371 kips T
ΣFx = 0: 4114.3 lb − (1371.4 lb ) cosθ − FEG − (768 lb) sin θ = 0
FEG = 2742.9 lb FEG = 2.74 kips T
ΣM L = 0: (1.5 m ) (6.6 kN) + (3.0 m)(2.2 kN)

+ (5.5 m)(6 kN) − (11 m) Ay = 0
A y = 4.5 kN
Joint FBDs:
ΣFy = 0: 4.5 kN − 6 kN − 2.2 kN − 6.6 kN + L = 0
Joint A:
L = 10.3 kN
4.5 kN FAC F
= = AB , FAC = 9.00 kN T !
1 2 5
FAB = 4.5 5, FAB = 10.06 kN C !
Joint C:
9 kN FBC F 45
= = CE , FBC = kN
16 5 281 16
FBC = 2.81 kN C !
9
FCE = 281, FCE = 9.43 kN T !
16
Joint B: ΣFx = 0:
2 
FBD + (4.5 5) kN  +
16
FBE = 0
5   265
1  3 45
ΣFy = 0: FBD + (4.5 5) kN  − FBE + kN = 0
5  265 16
72
Solving: FBD = − 5 kN, FBD = 14.64 kN C !
11
45
FBE = 265 kN, FBE = 4.16 kN T !
176
16   9   16  45 
Joint E: ΣFx = 0:  FEG −  16 281  kN  −  265  kN = 0
281     265  176 
9
FEG = 281 kN, FEG = 13.72 kN T !
11
5 9 9  3  45 
ΣFy = 0:  281 kN − 281 kN  +  265 kN 
281  11 16  265  176 
+ FDE = 0,
45
FDE = − kN, FDE = 2.05 kN C !
22
2  72  10
Joint D: ΣFx = 0:  FDF + 5 kN  + FDG = 0
5 11  101
1  72  1 45
ΣFy = 0:  FDF + 5 kN  − FDG + kN = 0
5 11  101 22
7.5
Solving: FDG = 101 kN, FDG = 3.43 kN T !
22
FDF = − 8.25 5 kN, FDF = 18.45 kN C !
ΣM L = 0: (1.5 m ) (6.6 kN) + (3.0 m)(2.2 kN) + (5.5 m)(6 kN)

− (11 m) Ay = 0
A y = 4.5 kN
Joint FBDs: ΣFy = 0: 4.5 kN − 6 kN − 2.2 kN − 6.6 kN + L = 0
Joint L: L = 10.3 kN
10.3 kN FKL FJL
= = , FKL = 20.6 kN T !
1 2 5
FJL = 10.3 5 kN, FJL = 23.0 kN C !
Joint K: 20.6 kN FJK F 51.5

= = IK , FJK = kN
16 5 281 8
FJK = 6.44 kN C !
10.3
FIK = 281 kN, FIK = 21.6 kN T!
8
Joint J: ΣFx = 0: −
2
5
(FHJ + 10.3 5 kN −
16
265
)
FIJ = 0
ΣFy = 0:
1
5
(
FHJ + 10.3 5 kN − ) 3
265
FIJ − 6.6 kN +
51.5
8
kN = 0
112
Solving: FHJ = − 5 kN, FHJ = 22.8 kN C !
11
1.3
FIJ = − 265 kN, FIJ = 0.240 kN C !
88
16  10.3  16  1.3 
Joint I: ΣFx = 0:  − FGI + 281 kN  −  265 kN  = 0
281  8  265  88 
112
FGI = 281 kN, FGI = 21.3 kN T !
88
5  112 10.3 
ΣFy = 0:  281 kN − 281 kN  + FHI
281  88 8 
3  1.3 
−  265 kN  = 0
265  88 
10.4
FHI = kN, FHI = 0.1182 kN T !
88
2  112  10
Joint H: ΣFx = 0: −  FFH + 5 kN  − FGH = 0
5 11  101
1  112  1 10.4
ΣFy = 0:  FFH + 5 kN  − FGH − 2.2 kN − kN = 0
5 11  101 88
Solving: FFH = − 8.25 5 kN, FFH = 18.45 kN C !
34
FGH = − 101 kN, FGH = 3.88 kN C !
88
By symmetry: FDF = 8.25 5 kN

Joint F:
ΣFy = 0:
2
5
( )
8.25 5 kN − 6 kN − FFG = 0
FFG = 10.50 kN T !
Joint FBDs: FDF F 500 lb

= EF =
Joint F: 916 916 480
FDF = FEF = 954.17 lb
or FDF = 954 lb T !
FEF = 954 lb C !
Joint D: FBD FDE 954.17 lb

= =
884 240 916
FBD = 920.84 lb
FDE = 250.00 lb
or FBD = 921 lb T !
FDE = 250 lb C !
By symmetry of joint A vs. joint F
FAB = 954 lb T !
FAC = 954 lb C !
Joint B:
884 4
ΣFx = 0: 920.84 lb − ( 954.17 lb ) + FBE = 0
916 5
FBE = 0 !
240
ΣFy = 0: FBC − ( 954.17 lb ) = 0
916
FBC = 250.00 lb or FBC = 250 lb C !
884
Joint C: ΣFx = 0: ( 954.17 lb ) − FCE = 0
916
FCE = 920.84 lb or FCE = 921 lb C !
240
ΣFy = 0: FCH − (954.17 lb) − 250.00 lb = 0
916
FCH = 500.00 lb or FCH = 500 lb C !
884 4
ΣFx = 0: 920.84 lb − ( 954.17 lb ) − FHE = 0
916 5
Joint E: FHE = 0 !
240
ΣFy = 0: FEJ − (954.17 lb) − 250.00 lb = 0
916
FEJ = 500.00 lb or FEJ = 500 lb C !
Joint FBDs: FJL F

= KL =
500 lb
1212 1212 480
Joint L:
FJL = FKL = 1262.50 lb
FJL = 1263 lb T !
FKL = 1263 lb C !
Comparing joint G to joint L: FGH = 1263 lb T !
FGI = 1263 lb C !
1188
Joint J: ΣFx = 0: (1262.50 lb ) − FHJ = 0
1212
FHJ = 1237.50 lb, FHJ = 1238 lb T !
240
ΣFy = 0: FJK − (1262.50 lb ) − 500 lb = 0
1212
FJK = 750.00 lb, FJK = 750 lb C !
1188 4
ΣFx = 0: 1237.50 lb − (1262.50 lb ) + FHK = 0
Joint H: 1212 5
FHK = 0 !
240 3
ΣFy = 0: FHI − (1262.50 lb) − 500 lb − (0) = 0
1212 5
FHI = 750 lb C !
1188
Joint I: ΣFx = 0: (1262.50 lb ) − FIK = 0
1212
FIK = 1237.50 lb, FIK = 1238 lb C !
240
ΣFy = 0: FIN − (1262.50 lb ) − 750.00 lb = 0
1212
FIN = 1000.00 lb, FIN = 1000 lb C !
1188 4
Joint K: ΣFx = 0: 1237.50 lb − (1262.50 lb ) − FKN = 0
1212 5
FKN = 0 !
240
ΣFy = 0: FKO − (1262.50 lb) − 750.00 lb = 0
1212
FKO = 1000 lb C !
ΣM A = 0: (12 m ) (M y − 1 kN)
− (2.4 m + 4.8 m + 6 m + 8.4 m + 10.8 m) (1.5 kN) = 0
M y = 5.05 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2(1 kN) − 5(1.5 kN) + M y = 0
A y = 4.45 kN
Joint FBDs: 5
ΣFy = 0: 4.45 kN − 1 kN − FAB = 0, FAB = 8.97 kN C !
13
Joint A:
12
ΣFx = 0: FAC − (8.97 kN ) = 0, FAC = 8.28 kN T !
13
12
ΣFx = 0: FCE − 8.28 kN = 0, FCE = 8.97 kN T !
13
Joint C:
5
ΣFy = 0: (8.97 kN) − FBC = 0, FBC = 3.45 kN C !
13
5 5
ΣFy = 0: (8.97 kN ) − 1.5 kN + 3.45 kN − FBD = 0
13 13
Joint B:
FBD = 14.04 kN FBD = 14.04 kN C !
12 12
ΣFx = 0: (8.97 kN) − (14.04 kN) + FBE = 0
13 13
FBE = 4.68 kN FBE = 4.68 kN T !
6 12
Joint E: ΣFx = 0: FEH − 4.68 kN − (8.97 kN) = 0
37 13
FEH = 13.1388 kN or FEH = 13.14 kN T !
5 1
ΣFy = 0: FDE − (8.97 kN ) − (13.1388) = 0
13 37
FDE = 5.6100 kN or FDE = 5.61 kN T !
Joint D: 12 12 1
ΣFx = 0: (14.04 kN ) − FDG − FDH = 0
13 13 2
5 5
ΣFy = 0: (14.04 kN ) − FDG − 1.5 kN − 5.61 kN
13 13
1
+ FDH = 0
2
Solving: FDG = 8.60 kN C !
FDH = 7.10 kN C !
ΣM A = 0: (12 m ) (M y − 1 kN)
− (2.4 m + 4.8 m + 6 m + 8.4 m + 10.8 m) (1.5 kN) = 0
M y = 5.05 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2(1 kN) − 5(1.5 kN) + M y = 0

Joint FBDs:
A y = 4.45 kN
Joint M:
5
ΣFy = 0: 5.05 kN − 1 kN − FKM = 0, FKM = 10.53 kN C !
13
12
ΣFx = 0: (10.53 kN) − FLM = 0, FLM = 9.72 kN T !
13
6
ΣFx = 0: 9.72 kN − FJL = 0, FJL = 1.62 37
37
Joint L: FJL = 9.85 kN T !
1
ΣFy = 0: (1.62 37 kN) − FKL = 0, FKE = 1.620 kN C !
37
12 24 12
ΣFx = 0: FIK − FJK − (10.53 kN) = 0
13 577 13
Joint K: ΣFy = 0:
5
(10.53 kN) −
5
FIK −
1
FJK
13 13 577
− 1.5 kN + 1.62 kN = 0
Solving: FIK = 10.8136 kN, FIK = 10.81 kN C !
FJK = 0.26205 kN, FJK = 0.262 kN T !
24 6
Joint J: ΣFx = 0: (0.26205 kN) − ( FHJ − 9.85 kN) = 0
577 37
FHJ = 10.1154 kN, FHJ = 10.12 kN T !
1 1
ΣFy = 0: (10.1154 kN ⋅ 9.85 kN) − (0.26205 kN) − FIJ = 0
37 577
FIJ = 0.054541 kN, FIJ = 54.5 N C !
12 24
Joint I: ΣFx = 0: ( FGI − 10.8136 kN ) + FHI = 0
13 25
5 7
ΣFy = 0: (10.8136 kN − FGI ) + FHI − 1.5 kN + 0.05454 kN = 0
13 25
Solving: FGI = 8.6029 kN, FGI = 8.60 kN C !
FHI = 2.1257 kN, FHI = 2.13 kN C !
By symmetry: FOG = 8.60 kN C !

Joint G:
 5
ΣFy = 0: 2   (8.6029 kN) − 1.5 kN − FGH = 0
 13 
FGH = 5.12 kN T !
FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: 180 lb − Ax = 0

A x = 180 lb
ΣM A = (12 ft ) G y − ( 6 ft )( 480 lb ) − ( 2 ft )(180 lb )
− (8 ft)(120 lb) = 0, G y = 350 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 480 lb − 120 lb + 350 lb = 0
A y = 250 lb
Joint FBDs:
Joint A: 1
ΣFx = 0: FAC − 180 lb = 0, FAC = 180 2 lb
2
FAC = 255 lb T !
1
ΣFy = 0: (180 2 lb) + 250 lb − FAB = 0, FAB = 430 lb C !
2
Joint B: 4 2
ΣFx = 0: 180 lb − FBD + FBC = 0
5 5
3 1
ΣFy = 0: 430 lb − FBD + FBC = 0
5 5
Solving: FBC = 590 5 lb, FBC = 1319 lb T !
FBD = 1700 lb C !
5 1 1
ΣFy = 0: FCD − (590 5 lb) − (180 2 lb) = 0
Joint C: 41 5 2
FCD = 154 41 lb, FCD = 986 lb T !
4 2
ΣFx = 0: FCE + (154 41 lb) − (590 5 lb)
41 5
1
− (180 2 lb) = 0
12
FCE = 744 lb T !
By inspection of joint G: FFG = 350 lb C and FEG = 0 !
Joint F:
FDF F 350
= EF = ; FDF = 1750 lb C !
5 20 1
FEF = 700 5 lb, FEF = 1565 lb T !
Joint E:
5 1
ΣFy = 0: FDE − 120 lb − (700 5 lb) = 0
41 5
FDE = 164 41 lb, FDE = 1050 lb T !
Joint FBDs: ΣFy = 0:

9
FAC − 1.8 kips = 0, FAC = 8.20 kips T !
41
Joint A:
40
ΣFx = 0: FAB − 8.20 kips = 0, FAB = 8.00 kips C !
41
By inspection of joint B, FBD = FAB FBD = 8.00 kips C !
and then FBC = 0.6 kips, FBC = 0.600 kips C !
9.2
Joint C: Note: DE = (4.5 ft) = 2.07 ft, CE = 4.14 ft = 2 DE
20
1
ΣFy = 0: FCD − 0.6 kips = 0, FCD = 0.6 5 kips
5
FCD = 1.342 kips T !
ΣFx = 0: 8.2 kips +

2
5
( )
0.6 5 kips − FCE = 0
FCE = 9.20 kips C !
Joint D: ΣFy = 0:
40
41
( FDG − 8.2 kips ) −
2
5
(
0.6 5 kips = 0 )
FDG = 9.43 kips T !
ΣFx = 0: FDE −
9
41
( 9.43 kips − 8.2 kips ) −
1
5
(
0.6 5 kips = 0 )
FDE = 0.330 kips C !
5
Joint E: ΣFy = 0: FEG − 0.33 kips = 0, FEG = 0.858 kips T !
13
12
ΣFx = 0: ( 0.858 kips ) + 9.2 kips − FEF = 0
13
FEF = 9.992 kips, FEF = 9.99 kips C !
Joint F: By vertical symmetry FFG = FFH

4 
ΣFx = 0: 9.992 kips − 2  FFG  = 0, FFG = 5.995 kips
 5 
FFG = FFH = 6.00 kips C !
P6.14
Starting with ABC, add, in order, joints E, D, F, G, H
∴simple truss
P6.15 Starting with DEF, add, in order, G, C, B, A, I, H, J

∴simple truss
P6.23 Starting with ABC, add, in order, E, F, D, H, G, I, J, K, L, M

∴simple truss
P6.21
Starting with ABC, add, in order, joints E, D, F, H, J, K, L, I, G, N,
P, Q, R, O, M, S, T
∴simple truss
P6.25
Starting with ABC, add, in order, joints D, E, F, G

∴simple truss
P6.29
Starting with ABD, add, in order, joints H, G, F, E, I, G, J

∴simple truss
ΣFx = 0: Fx = 0
Then, by inspection of joint F, FFG = 0
Then, by inspection of joint G, FGH = 0
By inspection of joint J, FIJ = 0
Then, by inspection of joint I, FHI = 0
FEI = 0
Then, by inspection of joint E, FBE = 0
By inspection of joint D, FDI = 0
By inspection of joint E, FEI = 0
Then, by inspection of joint I, FAI = 0
By inspection of joint F, FFK = 0
By inspection of joint G, FGK = 0

\
By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint B: FBE = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint E: FDE = 0 W
By inspection of joint H : FFH = 0 W
and FHI = 0 W
By inspection of joint Q : FOQ = 0 W
and FQR = 0 W
By inspection of joint J : FLJ = 0 W
By inspection of joint C : FBC = 0 W
By inspection of joint G : FFG = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint F : FFE = 0 W
By inspection of joint I : FIJ = 0 W
By inspection of joint M : FMN = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint N : FKN = 0 W
By inspection of joint C: FBC = 0 !
By inspection of joint M : FLM = 0 !
By inspection of joint A: FAF = 0 W
By inspection of joint C : FCH = 0 W
By inspection of joint E : FDE = FEI = 0 W
By inspection of joint L : FGL = 0 W
By inspection of joint N : FIN = 0 W
(a)
By inspection of joint H : FCH = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint C : FCG = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint G : FBG = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint B : FBF = 0 W
(b)
By inspection of joint J : FIJ = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint I : FEI = 0 W
FHI = 0 W
Then, by inspection of joint E : FBE = 0 W
also, ΣFx = 0; Fx = 0
So, by inspection of joint F : FFG = 0 W
And by inspection of joint G : FGH = 0 W
FBD Truss:
ΣFz = 0: Bz = 0
ΣM x = 0: − ( 0.47 m ) C y + ( 0.08 m )( 940 N ) = 0
C y = 160 Nj
Joint FBDs:
Joint D:
− 0.80 m i − 0.08 m k −10i − k

where FAD = FAD = FAD
( 0.8) 2 2
+ ( 0.08 ) m 101
− 0.8 m i − 0.16 m j − 0.2 m k

FBD = FBD
( 0.8 m )2 + ( 0.16 m )2 + ( 0.2 m )2
− 20i + 4 j − 5k
= FBD
21
− 0.8 m i + 0.39 m k − 80i + 39k
FCD = FCD = FCD
( 0.8 m ) 2
+ ( 0.39 m )
2 89
4
ΣFy = 0: FBD − 940 N = 0, FBD = 4935 N, FBD = 4.94 kN T !
21
10 80 20
ΣFx = 0: − FAD − FCD − ( 4935 N ) = 0
101 89 21
1 39 5
ΣFz = 0: − FAD + FCD − ( 4935 N ) = 0
101 89 21
Solving: FAD = − 590 101 N, FAD = 5.93 kN C !
FCD = 1335 N, FCD = 1.335 kN T !
continued
Joint C: 0.16 m j − 0.59 m k 16 j − 59k

FBC = FBC = FBC
( 0.16 m )2 + ( 0.59 m )2 3737
16
ΣFy = 0: FBC + 160 N = 0
3737
FBC = −10 3737 N FBC = 611 N C !
ΣFz = 0: − FAC −
59
3737
(
−10 3737 N −
39
89
)
(1335 N ) = 0
FAC = 5.00 N T !
Joint B:
− 0.16 m j + 0.12 m k − 4 j + 3k
FAB = FAB = FAB
( 0.16 m ) 2
+ ( 0.12 m )
2 5
ΣFy = 0: −
4
5
FAB +
16
3737
(
10 3737 N −
4
21
)
( 4935 N ) = 0
FAB = 975 N C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFz = 0: Bz + 987 N = 0
B z = − 987 N k
ΣM x = 0: − ( 0.47 m ) C y − ( 0.16 m )( 987 N )
+ ( 0.08 m )( 940 N ) = 0
C y = −176.0 N j
Joint FBDs:
Joint D:
− 0.8 m i − 0.08 m k FAD

FAD = FAD = ( −10i − k )
( 0.8 m )2 + ( 0.08 m )2 101
− 0.8 m i − 0.16 m j − 0.2 m k FBD

FBD = FBD = ( − 20i + 4 j − 5k )
( 0.8 m ) 2 2
+ ( 0.16 m ) + ( 0.2 m )
2 21
− 0.8 m i + 0.39 m k FCD

FCD = FCD = ( − 80i + 39k )
( 0.8 m )2 + ( 0.39 m )2 89
4
ΣFy = 0: FBD − 940 N = 0, FBD = 4935 N, FBD = 4.94 kN T !
21
10 80 20
ΣFx = 0: − FAD − FCD − ( 4935 N ) = 0
101 89 21
1 39 5
ΣFz = 0: − FAD + FCD − ( 4935 N ) + 987 N = 0
101 89 21
Solving: FCD = − 534 N, FCD = 534 N C !
FAD = − 422 101 N, FAD = 4.24 kN C !
continued
Joint C: 0.16 m j − 0.59 m k FBC

FBC = FBC = (16 j − 59k )
( 0.16 m ) 2
+ ( 0.59 m )
2 3737
16
ΣFy = 0: FBC − 176 N = 0, FBC = 11 3737 N
3737
FBC = 672 N T !
ΣFz = 0: − FAC −
59
3737
(
11 3737 N +
39
89
)
( 534 N ) = 0
FAC = − 415 N, FAC = 415 N C !
Joint B:
− 0.16 m j + 0.12 m k FAB

FAB = FAB = ( − 4 j + 3k )
( 0.16 m )2 + ( 0.12 m )2 5
ΣFy = 0: −
4
5
FAB −
16
3737
(
11 3737 N −
4
21
)
( 4935 N ) = 0
FAB = −1395 N, FAB = 1.395 kN C !
FBD Truss:
ΣM BD = 0: ( 4 ft )( 50 lb ) + ( 4 ft )( Ez ) = 0
E z = − ( 50 lb ) k
ΣM x = 0: ( 4 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 4 ft )( − 50 lb ) + ( 4 ft )( Dz ) = 0
D z = − ( 250 lb ) k
ΣFz = 0: Bz − 50 lb − 250 lb = 0
B z = ( 300 lb ) k
ΣM Bz = 0: ( 2 ft )( 300 lb ) − ( 4 ft ) ( C y ) = 0
AB = AC = 20 ft C y = (150 lb ) j
AD = AE = 6 ft ΣFx = 0: Bx + 50 lb = 0 B x = − ( 50 lb ) i
CD = 4 2 ft ΣFy = 0: By + 150 lb − 300 lb = 0
B y = (150 lb ) j
2 ft i − 4 ft j + 4 ft k
FAE = FAE
( 2 ft )2 + ( 4 ft )2 + ( 4 ft )2
FAE
= ( 2i − 4 j + 4k )
3
Joint FBDs:
2
Joint E: ΣFz = 0: FAE − 50 lb = 0, FAE = 75.0 lb T !
3
1
ΣFx = 0: FDE + ( 75 lb ) = 0, FDE = − 25 lb
3
FDE = 25.0 lb C !
2
ΣFy = 0: − FCE − ( 75 lb ) = 0, FCE = − 50 lb
3
FCE = 50.0 lb C !
continued
− 2 ft i − 4 ft j + 4 ft k FAD
FAD = FAD = ( − i − 2 j + 2k )
( 2 ft ) 2 2
+ ( 4 ft ) + ( 4 ft )
2 3
Joint D:
− 4 ft i − 4 ft j FCD
FCD = FCD = ( − i − j)
( 4 ft ) 2
+ ( 4 ft )
2 2
2
ΣFz = 0: FAD − 250 lb = 0, FAD = 375 lb, FAD = 375 lb T !
3
1 1
ΣFx = 0: 25 lb − FCD − ( 375 lb ) = 0, FCD = −100 2 lb
2 3
FCD = 141.4 lb C !
ΣFy = 0: − FBD −
1
2
2
(
−100 2 lb − ( 375 lb ) = 0
3
)
FBD = − 150 lb FBD = 150.0 lb C !
Joint C: 2 ft i + 4 ft k FAC
FAC = FAC = ( i + 2k )
( 2 ft ) 2
+ ( 4 ft )
2 5
2
ΣFz = 0: FAC = 0, FAC = 0 !
5
ΣFx = 0: FBC − 100 lb = 0, FBC = 100.0 lb T !
− 2 ft i + 4 ft k FAB
Joint B: FAB = FAB = ( − i + 2k )
( 2 ft ) 2
+ ( 4 ft )
2 5
2
ΣFz = 0: FAB + 300 lb = 0
5
FAB = −150 5 lb, FAB = 335 lb C !
(a) FBD Truss:

ΣM y = 0: Bx = 0 Bx = 0
ΣM x = 0: (1.7 m ) Az + ( 0.6 m )(1700 N ) = 0, Az = − 600 N

ΣM z = 0: − (1.7 m ) Ax − (1.125 m )(1700 N ) = 0 Ax = −1125 N
ΣFx = 0: Cx − 1125 N = 0 Cx = 1125 N

ΣFy = 0: C y − 1700 N = 0 C y = 1700 N
ΣFz = 0: Bz − 600 N = 0 Bz = 600 N

so A = − (1125 Ν ) i − ( 600 N ) k
B = ( 600 Ν ) k
C = (1125 Ν ) i + (1700 N ) j
(b)
Find zero force members: by inspection of joint B, FAB = 0 !
by inspection of joint D, FAD = 0 !
by inspection of joint C , FBC = 0 !
Joint FBDs:
−1.125 m i + 1.7 m j − 0.6 m k FAE
Joint E: FAE = FAE = ( −1.125i + 1.7 j − 0.6k )
(1.125 m ) 2 2
+ (1.7 m ) + ( 0.6 m )
2 2.125
1.7
ΣFy = 0: FAE − 1700 N = 0, FAE = 2125 N
2.125
FAE = 2.13 kN T !
1.125
ΣFx = 0: − FBE − ( 2125 N ) , FBE = −1125 N
2.125
FBE = 1.125 kN C !
0.6
ΣFz = 0: − FDE − ( 2125 N ) = 0, FDE = − 600 N
2.125
FDE = 600 N C !
continued
Joint D: −1.125 m i + 0.6 m k FBD

FBD = FBD = ( −1.125i + 0.6k )
(1.125 m )2 + ( 0.6 m )2 1.275
0.6
ΣFz = 0: 600 N − FBD = 0, FBD = 1275 N
1.275
FBD = 1.275 kN T !
1.125
ΣFx = 0: − FCD − (1275 N ) = 0, FCD = −1125 N
1.275
FCD = 1.125 kN C !
Joint C:
By inspection: FAC = −1700 N FAC = 1.700 kN C !
(a) To check for simple truss, start with ABDE and add three members at a time which meet at a single new
joint, successively adding joints G, F, H and C.
∴ This is a simple truss !
There are six reaction force components, Ax, Ay, Az, By, Bz, and Gy, no two of which are colinear, so all
can be determined with the six equilibrium equations. Motion is prevented by the constraints.
∴ Truss is completely constrained, and statically determinate. !
(b) FBD Truss:
ΣM AB = 0: ( 9.60 ft ) G y + (10.08 ft )( 240 lb ) = 0
G y = − 252 lb G y = − 252 lb j
ΣM z = 0: (11.00 ft ) ( By − 252 lb ) − (10.08 ft )( 275 lb ) = 0

B y = 504 lb j
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 275 lb = 0, A x = − 275 lb i

ΣM y = 0: − ( 9.6 ft )( 275 lb ) − (11.0 ft )( Bz ) = 0
Bz = − 240 lb, B z = − 240 lb k

ΣFy = 0: − Ay + 504 lb − 252 lb = 0, A y = − 252 lb j
ΣFz = 0: Az − 240 lb + 240 lb = 0 Az = 0
Determine zero force members:
By inspection of joint C : FBC = FCD = FGC = 0
By inspection of joint F : FBF = FEF = FFG = 0
By inspection of joint A: with Az = 0, FAD = 0
By inspection of joint H : FDH = 0
And finally, considering joint D knowing that FAD = FCD = FDH = 0, and recognizing that the three
remaining members are not co-planar, they must also carry zero load, FBD = FDE = FGH = 0.
The only load bearing members are thus AB, AE, BE, BG, EG, EH, GH.
continued
Joint FBDs By inspection: FAB = 275 lb T, FAE = 252 lb T !
Joint A: from above: FDE = 0 !

FEF = 0 !
By inspection of joint H FEH = 240 lb C !
10.08
ΣFy = 0: − 252 lb − FBE = 0
1492
FBE = − 373 lb, FBE = 373 lb C !
Joint E: 9.6
ΣFz = 0: 240 lb − FEG = 0
14.6
FEG = 365 lb T !
(a) To check for simple truss, start with ABDE and add three members at a time which meet at a single new
joint, successively adding joints G, F, H and C.
∴ This is a simple truss !
There are six reaction force components, Ax, Ay, Az, By, Bz, and Gy, no two of which are colinear, so all
can be determined with the six equilibrium equations. Motion is prevented by the constraints.
∴ Truss is completely constrained, and statically determinate. !
(b) FBD Truss:
ΣM AB = 0: ( 9.60 ft ) G y + (10.08 ft )( 240 lb ) = 0
G y = − 252 lb, G y = − 252 lb j
ΣM z = 0: (11.00 ft ) ( By − 252 lb ) − (10.08 ft )( 275 lb ) = 0

B y = 504 lb j
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 275 lb = 0, Ax = − 275 lb i

ΣM y = 0: − ( 9.6 ft )( 275 lb ) − (11.0 ft )( Bz ) = 0
Bz = − 240 lb, B z = − 240 lb k

ΣFy = 0: − Ay + 504 lb − 252 lb = 0, A y = − 252 lb j
ΣFz = 0: Az − 240 lb + 240 lb = 0 Az = 0

Determine zero force members:
By inspection of joint C : FBC = FCD = FGC = 0
By inspection of joint F : FBF = FEF = FFG = 0
By inspection of joint A: with Az = 0, FAD = 0
By inspection of joint H : FDH = 0
And finally, considering joint D knowing that FAD = FCD = FDH = 0, and recognizing that the three
remaining members are not co-planar, they must also carry zero load, FBD = FDE = FGH = 0.
The only load bearing members are thus AB, AE, BE, BG, EG, EH, GH.
continued
Now, by inspection of joint H, FGH = 275 lb C !
from above, FCG = 0 !
FDG = 0 !
FFG = 0 !
FBD Joint G:
−10.08j + 9.6k
FBG = FBG
13.92
−11i + 9.6k
FEG = FEG
14.6
11
ΣFx = 0: 275 lb − FEG = 0, FEG = 365 lb T !
14.6
10.08
ΣFy = 0: − FBG − 252 lb = 0, FBG = − 348 lb
13.92
FBG = 348 lb C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Kx = 0
ΣM A = 0: ( )
6a K y − 125 lb − 5a ( 250 lb )
− 4a ( 250 lb ) − 3a ( 375 lb )
− 2a ( 500 lb ) − a ( 500 lb ) = 0
K y = 937.5 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 3 ( 250 lb ) − 2 ( 500 lb )
− 375 lb − 125 lb + 937.5 lb = 0
A y = 1312.5 lb
FBD Section ABEC:
ΣM E = 0: ( 2 ft ) FCF + ( 4 ft )( 500 lb )
+ ( 8 ft )( 250 lb − 1312.5 lb ) = 0
FCF = 3250 lb, FCF = 3.25 kips T W
1
ΣFy = 0: 1312.5 lb − 250 lb − 2 ( 500 lb ) − FEF = 0
5
FEF = 62.5 5 lb, FEF = 139.8 lb T W
ΣFx = 0: 3250 lb +
2
5
( )
62.5 5 lb − FEG = 0
FEG = 3375 lb, FEG = 3.38 kips C W
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Kx = 0
ΣM A = 0: ( )
6a K y − 125 lb − 5a ( 250 lb )
− 4a ( 250 lb ) − 3a ( 375 lb )
− 2a ( 500 lb ) − a ( 500 lb ) = 0
K y = 937.5 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 3 ( 250 lb ) − 2 ( 500 lb )
− 375 lb − 125 lb + 937.5 lb = 0
A y = 1312.5 lb
FBD Section IJLK:
ΣM z = 0: ( 4 ft )( 937.5 lb −125 lb ) − ( 2 ft ) FHJ = 0

FHJ = 1625 lb, FHJ = 1.625 kips C W
1
ΣFy = 0: 937.5 lb − 125 lb − 250 lb − FHI = 0
5
FHI = 562.5 5 lbs, FHI = 1.258 kips C W
ΣFx = 0: 1.625 kips +

2
5
( )
0.5625 5 kips − FFI = 0
FFI = 2.75 kips T W
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By load symmetry:
A y = L y = 840 N
2 24
ΣM E = 0: (1.75 m ) FBD + ( 2 m )( 240 N )
3 25
− ( 4 m )( 840 N − 120 N ) = 0
15000
FBD = N, FBD = 2.14 kN C W
FBD Section ABC: 7
 1.75 
ΣM B = 0:  m  FCE − ( 2 m )( 840 N − 120 N ) = 0
 3 
17280
FCE = N, FCE = 2.47 kN T W
7
( 4 m )  
7
ΣM A = 0: FBE  − ( 2 m )( 240 N ) = 0
 25 
3000
FBE = N, FBE = 429 N C W
7
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By load symmetry
A y = L y = 840 N
0.4 2
slope: GI = =
3 15
3.5
7
IK = 3 =
4 24
FBD Section JKL: 2.3 23
IJ = =
3 30
Resolve FIK and FGJ at L
( 3 m )    24 
7
ΣM J = 0: FIK  − ( 0.4 m )  FIK 
 25   25 
+ ( 3 m )( 840 N − 120 N ) − (1 m )( 240 N ) = 0
FIK = 4210.53 N, FIK = 4.21 kN C W
 2   3.5   15 
ΣM I = 0: (4 m)  FGJ  −  m FGJ 
 229   3   229 
+ ( 4 m )( 840 N − 120 N ) − ( 2 m )( 240 N ) = 0
FGJ = 3823.0 N, FGJ = 3.82 kN T W

7 15 30
ΣFx = 0: ( 4210.5 N ) − ( 3823.0 N ) − FIJ = 0
25 229 1429
FIJ = 318 N T W

\
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By symmetry, A y = M y = 8.5 kN
FBD Section ABDC:

40
ΣM D = 0: (1 m )(1.5 kN − 8.5 kN ) + ( 0.5 m ) FCE = 0
41
FCE = 14.35 kN T W
ΣM E = 0: (1 m )(1.5 kN ) + ( 2 m )(1.5 kN − 8.5 kN )

40
+ ( 0.5 m ) FDF = 0, FDF = 25.625 kN
41
FDF = 25.6 kN C W
40 40
ΣFx = 0: (14.35 kN − 25.625 kN ) + FDE = 0
41 1721
FDE = 11.4084 kN, FDE = 11.41 kN T W
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By symmetry, A y = M y = 8.5 kN
FBD Section IMNJ:
ΣM J = 0: ( 2 m )(8.5 kN − 1.5 kN ) − (1 m )(1.5 kN )

40
− ( 0.5 m ) FGI = 0
41
FGI = 25.625 kN, FGI = 25.6 kN T W
ΣM G = 0: ( 3 m )(8.5 kN − 1.5 kN ) − ( 2 m )(1.5 kN )

40
− (1 m )( 3 kN ) − ( 0.5 m ) FHJ = 0
41
FHJ = 30.75 kN, FHJ = 30.8 kN C W
40 40
ΣFx = 0: ( 30.75 kN − 25.625 kN ) − FGJ = 0
41 2441
FGJ = 6.18 kN T W
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry: A y = L y = 6 kN
FBD Section:
15
Notes: yF = m
6
2 5 5
yD = ⋅ = m
3 2 3
2 2
yE = ⋅ 1 = m
3 3
5
yF − yD = m
6
yG = 1 m
2
yD − yG = m
3
continued
6
ΣM D = 0: (1 m ) FEG + ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) + ( 4 m )(1 kN − 6 kN ) = 0
37
8
FEG = 37 kN FEG = 16.22 kN T !
3
 1   3 
ΣM A = 0: ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) + ( 4 m )( 2 kN ) − ( 6 m )  FDG  − (1 m )  FDG  = 0
 10   10 
4
FDG = 10 kN FDG = 4.22 kN C !
3
6 3 12 12
ΣFx = 0: FEG − FDG − FDF = 0 16 − 4 − FDF = 0
37 10 13 13
FDF = 13 kN FDF = 13.00 kN C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry: A y = L y = 6 kN
FBD Section:
2
Notes: yI = m
3
2 5 5
yH = ⋅ = m
3 2 3
so yH − yI = 1 m
continued
( 4 m )( 6 kN − 1 kN ) − ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) − (1 m )  
12
ΣM I = 0: FHJ  = 0
 13 
52
FHJ = kN FHJ = 17.33 kN C !
3
 6 
ΣM H = 0: ( 4 m )( 6 kN − 1 kN ) − ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) − (1 m )  FGI  = 0
 37 
8
FGI = 37 kN FGI = 16.22 kN T !
3
ΣM L = 0: ( 2 m )( 2 kN ) − ( 4 m ) FHI =0 FHI = 1.000 kN T !
FBD Truss:
Distance between loads = 1.5 m
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By symmetry, A y = K y = 18 kN
FBD Section ABC:
FBD Section ABC:

ΣM D = 0: (1.5 m ) FCE + (1.5 m )( 6 kN ) − ( 3 m )(18 kN − 3 kN ) = 0
FCE = 22.5 kN T !
4
ΣM A = 0: (1.8 m ) FCD − (1.5 m )( 6 kN ) = 0
5
FCD = 6.25 kN T !
8 4
ΣFy = 0: 18 kN − 3 kN − 6 kN − FBD + ( 6.25 kN ) = 0
17 5
FBD = 29.8 kN C !
FBD Truss:
Distance between loads = 1.5 m

ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By symmetry, A y = K y = 18 kN
FBD Section ABC:
FBD Section GHK:
FBD section GHK:

ΣM F = 0: ( 4.5 m )(18 kN − 3 kN ) − ( 3 m )( 6 kN )
− (1.5 m )( 6 kN ) − ( 2.4 m ) FEG = 0
FEG = 16.875 kN, FEG = 16.88 kN T !
 8 
ΣM K = 0: (1.5 m )( 6 kN ) + ( 3 m )( 6 kN ) − ( 3.6 m )  FFG  = 0
 73 
FFG = 8.0100 kN, FFG = 8.01 kN T !
15 3
ΣFx = 0: FFH − (8.0100 kN ) − 16.875 kN = 0
17 73
FFH = 22.3 kN C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFX = 0: A x + 4 kips − 4 kips = 0

Ax = 0
By symmetry, Ay = Ny = 0
FBD Section ABDC:

4
ΣM D = 0: (18 ft )( 4 kips ) − ( 9 ft ) FCE = 0
5
FCE = 10.00 kips C !
3
ΣM E = 0: (18 ft )( 4 kips ) − (12 ft ) FDF = 0
5
FDF = 10.00 kips C
4
ΣFx = 0: 4 kips + (10 kips − 10 kips ) − FDE = 0
5
FDE = 4.00 kips C !

FBD Joint E:
4 3
ΣFy = 0: FEF − ( 4 kips ) = 0
5 5
FEF = 3.00 kips T !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x + 4 kips − 4 kips = 0
Ax = 0
By symmetry, Ay = Ny = 0
FBD Section IJNM:
4
ΣM G = 0: − ( 27 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 9 ft ) FHI = 0
5
FHI = 15.00 kips T !
4
ΣM N = 0: ( 9 ft ) (15 kips ) − ( 27 ft ) FGI =0
5
FGI = 4.00 kips C !
FBD Joint I:
3 4
ΣFx = 0: ( 4 kips ) − FIJ = 0
5 5
FIJ = 3.00 kips T !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
By symmetry, A y = M y = 7.5 kips
FBD Section IJNM:
ΣM J = 0: ( 9 ft )( 7.5 kips − 0.5 kips ) − ( 4.5 ft )(1 kip )

 4 
− ( 5.25 ft )  FGI  = 0, FGI = 11.4858 kips.
 17 
FGI = 11.49 kips T !
ΣM G = 0: (12 ft )( 7.5 kip − 0.5 kips ) − ( 7.5 ft )(1 kip )

− ( 3 ft )( 3 kips ) + ( 4.5 ft ) FHJ = 0
FHJ = 15 kips C
By inspection of joint H, FFH = 15.00 kips C !
1
ΣFy = 0: (11.4858 kips ) + 7.5 kips − 4.5 kips
17
3
− FGJ = 0 FGJ = 6.95 kips T !
13
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry: A y = v y = 4.5 kips
FBD Joint K:
1
ΣFx = 0: ( FIK − FKN ) = 0 FIK = FKN
2
 1  2
ΣFy = 0: 2 FIK  − 1 kip = 0 FIK = kip
 2  2
so FIK = 0.707 kip C !
FBD Section ABEIJ:
1 2 3
ΣFy = 0: 4.5 kips − 1 kip − 2 (1.5 kips ) − kips + FJL = 0,
2 2 2
FJL = 0 !
ΣM I = 0: ( 3 ft )(1.5 kips ) + ( 6 ft )(1 kip − 4.5 kips )
3 11
+ ( 3 ft ) ( FJM ) = 0 FJM = kips
2 3
FJM = 6.35 kips T !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣM N = 0: ( 4.8 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 7.2 ft )( 750 lb )

+ (11.52 ft )( 750 lb ) + (16.8 ft )(1950 lb )
+ (19.2 ft )( 900 lb ) + ( 26.4 ft )(1050 lb )
( )
+ ( 33.6 ft ) 150 lb − Ay = 0
Ay = 2925 lb
ΣFy = 0: 2925 lb − 2 (150 lb ) − 2 ( 750 lb ) − 1050 lb
− 900 lb − 1950 lb − 300 lb + N y = 0

FBD Section ABC:
N y = 3075 lb
ΣM B = 0: ( 3.6 ft ) FCE − ( 7.2 ft )( 2925 lb − 150 lb ) = 0

FCE = 5550 lb, FCE = 5.55 kips T !
1 2
ΣM A = 0: ( 7.2 ft ) FBE + ( 3.6 ft ) FBE − ( 7.2 ft )(1050 lb ) = 0
5 5
FBE = 525 5 lb, FBE = 1.174 kips C !
ΣFx = 0:
2
5
( )
FBD − 525 5 lb + 5550 lb = 0
FBD = −5031.2 lb
By inspection of joint D, FDF = FBD , so FDF = 5.03 kips C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣM N = 0: ( 4.8 ft )( 300 lb ) + ( 7.2 ft )( 750 lb )
+ (11.52 ft )( 750 lb ) + (16.8 ft )(1950 lb )
+ (19.2 ft )( 900 lb ) + ( 26.4 ft )(1050 lb )
+ ( 33.6 ft ) (150 lb − Ay ) = 0
Ay = 2925 lb
ΣFy = 0: 2925 lb − 2 (150 lb ) − 2 ( 750 lb ) − 1050 lb

FBD Section KJMN: − 900 lb − 1950 lb − 300 lb + N y = 0
N y = 3075 lb
ΣM J = 0: ( 7.2 ft )( 3075 lb − 150 lb ) − ( 2.4 ft )( 300 lb )

− (1.8 ft ) FIK = 0
FIK = 11300 lb, FIK = 11.30 kips T
ΣM I = 0: (11.52 ft )( 3075 lb − 150 lb ) − ( 6.72 ft )( 300 lb )

 2 
− ( 4.32 ft )( 750 lb ) + ( 3.96 ft )  FHJ  = 0
 5 
FHJ = −3590.5 5 lb, FHJ = 8.03 kips C !
ΣFx = 0: −
2
5
(
−3590.9 5 lb −
12
13
)
FIJ − 11300 lb = 0
FBD Joint I:
FIJ = − 4461.4 lb, FIJ = 4.46 kip C !
12
ΣFx = 0: 11300 lb − ( 4461.4 lb ) − FGI = 0
13
FGI = 7181.8 lb, FGI = 7.18 kips T !
FBD Truss:
Notes: α = 20°, β = 40°, γ = 60°, δ = 80°, φ = 22.5°, θ = 45°, ψ = 60°
outer members AC, CE, etc. are each 1.0 m

radial members AB, CD, etc. are each 0.4 m
By symmetry , Ay = By = 2.6 kN
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
FBD Section ABDC:
ΣM F = 0: ( resolve FCE at E )
 1   1 
 2 ( 0.4 m )  FCE sin 40° +  2 ( 0.4 m )  ( FCE cos 40° )
   
 1 
+ (1 m ) sin 40° + ( 0.4 m ) ( 0.4 kN )
 2 
 1 
− (1 m ) sin 20° + (1 m ) sin 40° + ( 0.4 m ) ( 2.6 kN ) = 0,
 2 
FCE = 7.3420 kN, FCE = 7.34 kN C !
note σ = tan −1
(1 m ) cos 40° − ( 0.4 m ) sin 45° + ( 0.4 m ) sin 22.5° = 48.848°
(1 m ) sin 40° + ( 0.4 m ) cos 45° − ( 0.4 m ) cos 22.5°
and ε = tan −1
(1 m ) cos 40° − ( 0.4 m ) sin 45° = 27.566°
(1 m ) sin 40° + ( 0.4 m ) cos 45°
Then, ΣM C = 0: ( 0.4 m )  FDF cos ( 90° − 22.5° − 48.848°)
− (1 m ) sin 20° ( 2.6 kN ) = 0,
FDF = 2.3464 kN, FDF = 2.35 kN T !

and, ΣFx = 0: FCF ( cos 27.566° ) + ( 2.3464 kN )( cos 48.848° )
− ( 7.3420 kN ) sin 40° = 0

FCF = 3.5819 kN, FCF = 3.58 kN T !
FBD Truss:
Notes: α = 20°, β = 40°, γ = 60°, δ = 80°, φ = 22.5°, θ = 45°, ψ = 60°

outer members AC, CE, etc. are each 1.0 m
radial members AB, CD, etc. are each 0.4 m
By symmetry, Ay = By = 2.6 kN
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
FBD Section ABDFHGEC:
ΣM J = 0: ( resolve FGI at I )
( 0.4 m ) FGI sin 80° + (1 m )( sin 80°)(1 kN )
+ (1 m ) sin 80° + (1 m ) sin 60°  ( 0.6 kN )
+ (1 m ) sin 80° + (1 m ) sin 60° + (1 m ) sin 40° ( 0.4 kN )
− (1 m ) sin 80° + (1 m ) sin 60° + (1 m ) sin 40° + (1 m ) sin 20° ( 2.6 kN ) = 0
FGI = 10.8648 kN, FGI = 10.86 kN C !
0.4 m − (1 m ) cos80°
Note: σ = tan −1 = 12.9443°
(1 m ) sin 80°
so, ΣM H = 0: ( 0.4 m ) cos 60° ( FGJ sin12.9443° )
− ( 0.4 m ) sin 60° ( FGJ cos12.9443° )
− ( 0.4 m ) sin 60° (10.8648 kN ) sin 80°
+ ( 0.4 m ) cos 60° (10.8648 kN ) cos80°
+ ( 0.4 m ) cos 60° (1 kN ) + (1 m ) sin 60° + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60° ( 0.6 kN )
+ (1 m ) sin 60° + (1 m ) sin 40° + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60° ( 0.4 kN )
− (1 m )( sin 60° + sin 40° + sin 20° ) + ( 0.4 m ) cos 60° ( 2.6 kN ) = 0
FGJ = 0.93851 kN, FGJ = 939 N T !
FBD Joint I:
By symmetry: FIK = 10.8648 kN
ΣFy = 0: − FIJ − 1.2 kN + 2 (10.8648 kN ) cos80° = 0
FIJ = 2.5733 kN, FIJ = 2.57 kN T !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry, Ay = Ny = 1.6 kips
FBD Section using cut a–a:
ΣM D = 0: ( 9 ft ) FFH + ( 6 ft )( 0.5 kip ) − (12 ft )(1.6 kips ) = 0

FFH = 1.800 kips T !
ΣFx = 0: 1.800 kips − FDG = 0

FDG = 1.800 kips C !

\
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
By symmetry Ay = Ny = 1.6 kips
FBD Joint J:
ΣFx = 0: − FGJ − FHJ = 0, FHJ = − FGJ
By inspection of joint I, FIJ = 0.6 kip C
FBD Section using cut b-b:
3
ΣFy = 0:  FGJ − ( − FGJ )  − 0.6 kip − 0.5 kip + 1.6 kips = 0
5
2.5
FGJ = − kip, FGJ = 0.417 kip C !
6
ΣM J = 0: (12 ft )(1.6 kips ) − ( 6 ft )( 0.5 kip ) − ( 4.5 ft )( FHK )
− ( 4.5 ft )( FIL ) = 0
ΣFx = 0: FIL − FHK = 0 so FIL = FHK

and FIL = 1.800 kips C !
FHK = 1.800 kips T !
FBD Section above a-a:
 27 
ΣM G = 0: ( 5.9 m )  FIK  − ( 2.7 m )( 40 kN ) − ( 5.4 m )( 40 kN ) = 0
 793 
FIK = 57.275 kN, FIK = 57.3 kN C W
27
ΣFy = 0: ( 57.275 kN − FGJ ) = 0
793
FGJ = 57.275 kN T
FBD Section ACIG:
27
ΣFy = 0: ( 57.275 kN − 57.275 kN )
793
18
+ ( FHK − FHJ ) = 0, FHJ = FHK
949
25
ΣFx = 0: 3 ( 40 kN ) − 2 FHK = 0
949
FHK = 53.884 kN FHK = 53.9 kN C W
FBD Section ACFBD:
27
ΣM D = 0: ( 4.3 m ) FFI − ( 2.7 m )( 40 kN ) = 0
793
FFI = 26.196 kN, FFI = 26.2 kN C !
27
ΣFy = 0: ( 26.196 kN − FDG ) = 0
793
FDG = 26.196 kN T
FBD Section ACFD:
27
ΣFy = 0: ( 26.196 kN − 26.196 kN )
793
54
+ ( FEI − FEG ) = 0, FEI = FEG
6397
59
ΣFx = 0: −2 ( FEG ) + 2 ( 40 kN )
6397
8
− ( 26.196 kN + 26.196 kN ) = 0
793
FEG = 44.136 kN, FEG = 44.1 kN T !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣM F = 0: ( 2.4 m )(8 kN ) + ( 5.1 m )(12 kN )

− ( 7.5 m ) Ay = 0, A y = 10.72 kN
Since only CD can provide an upward force necessary for

equilibrium, it must be in tension, and FBE = 0
FBD Section ABC:
1.68
ΣFy = 0: 10.72 kN − 12 kN + FCD = 0
3.18
FCD = 2.4229 kN, FCD = 2.42 kN T
ΣM C = 0: (1.68 m ) FBD − ( 2.4 m )(10.72 kN ) = 0

FBD = 15.3143 kN, FBD = 15.31 kN C
2.7
ΣFx = 0: FCE + ( 2.4229 kN ) − 15.3143 kN = 0
3.18
FCE = 13.26 kN T
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣM F = 0: ( 2.4 m )(8 kN ) + ( 5.1 m )( 6 kN ) − ( 7.5 m ) Ay =0
A y = 6.64 kN
Since only BE can provide the downward force necessary for

equilibrium,
FBD Section ABC:
it must be in tension, so FCD = 0
1.68
ΣFy = 0: 6.64 kN − 6 kN − FBE = 0
3.18
FBE = 1.21143 kN, FBE = 1.211 kN T !
ΣM = 0: (1.68 m ) FCE − ( 2.4 m )( 6.64 kN ) = 0

FCE = 9.4857 kN, FCE = 9.49 kN T !
2.7
ΣFx = 0: 9.4857 kN + (1.21143 kN ) − FBD = 0
3.18
FBD = 10.51 kN C !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: Cx = 0
ΣM C = 0: (8 ft )( 6 kips ) − (8 ft )( 9 kips ) + (16 ft ) G y

− ( 24 ft )(12 kips ) = 0
G y = 19.5 kips
FBD Section ABC: ΣFy = 0: 19.5 kips + C y − 6 kips − 9 kips − 12 kips = 0
C y = 7.5 kips

equilibrium, it must be in tension, so CD is slack, FCD = 0
3
ΣFy = 0: − 6 kips + 7.5 kips − FBE = 0
5
FBE = 2.50 kips T !

FBD Section FGH: Since only EF can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium,
it must be in tension, so DG is slack, FDG = 0
3
ΣFy = 0: 19.5 kips − 12 kips − FEF = 0
5
FEF = 12.00 kips T !
Knowing that FCD = FDG = 0, inspection of joint D gives
FDE = 0 !
Chapter 6, Solution 67
FBD Truss: ΣM A = 0: ( 32 ft ) H y − ( 24 ft )(12 kips ) − (16 ft )( 9 kips )

− ( 8 ft )( 6 kips ) = 0, H y = 15 kips
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 6 kips − 9 kips − 12 kips + 15 kips = 0
A y = 12 kips
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
FBD Section ABC:
equilibrium, it must be in tension, so CD is slack, FCD = 0
3
ΣFy = 0: 12 kips − 6 kips − FBE = 0
5
FBE = 10.00 kips T !
Since only EF can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium,
it must be in tension, so DG is slack, FDG = 0
3
ΣFy = 0: 15 kips − 12 kips − FEF = 0
FBD Section FGH: 5
FEF = 5.00 kips T !
Knowing that FCD = FDF = 0, inspection of joint D gives
FDE = 0 !
Chapter 6, Solution 68
FBD Section ABDC:
Since only DE can provide the leftward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, and CF must be
slack, FCF = 0
4
ΣFx = 0: 20 kN − FDE = 0, FDE = 25.0 kN C !
5
ΣM D = 0: ( 3.2 m ) FCE − ( 2.4 m )( 20 kN ) = 0

FCE = 15.00 kN T !
3
ΣFy = 0: FDF − 15.00 kN − ( 25 kN ) = 0
5
FDE = 30.0 kN C !
FBD Section ABFE:
It is not apparent which counter is active, so we guess that FEH = 0;
 24 
ΣM F = 0: ( 3.2 m )  FEG + 40 kN  − ( 4.8 m )( 20 kN ) = 0
 745 
FEG = −11.3728 kN
FEG = 11.37 kN C !
 24 
ΣM G = 0: ( 5.8 m )  FFH  − ( 7.2 m )( 20 kN ) − (1.3 m )( 40 kN ) = 0
 745 
FFH = 38.432 kN, FFH = 38.4 kN C !
13 15
ΣFx = 0: 20 kN − ( 38.432 kN − 11.3728 kN ) − FFG = 0
745 17
FFG = 8.0604 kN, FFG = 8.06 kN T !
Since FEG is in tension, our guess was correct. A negative answer would be impossible, indicating
an incorrect guess.
Structure (a): Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 16, N = 10, so 2N > m + r
∴ partially constrained !
Structure (b): Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 15, N = 10, so 2N > m + r
∴ partially constrained !
Structure (c): Non-simple truss with r = 4, m = 16, N = 10, so N = 2m + r
Examine Forces:
By inspection of joint J, FHJ = 0, FIJ = P C
Then, by inspection of joint H, FFH = 0, FGH = P C
By inspection of joint I, FGI = 0, Iy = 0
Although several members carry no load with the given truss loading, they do
constrain the motion of GH and IJ. Truss ABFG is a simple truss with r = 3, m = 11,
N = 7 (2N = r + m)
so the structure is completely constrained, and determinate. !
Structure (a):
Simple truss with r = 4, m = 16, n = 10
So m + r = 20 = 2n so completely constrained and determinate !
Structure (b):
Compound truss with r = 3, m = 16, n = 10
Structure (c): So m + r = 19 < 2n = 20 so partially constrained !
Non-simple truss with r = 4, m = 12, n = 8

So m + r = 16 = 2n but must examine further, note that reaction forces
A x and H x are aligned, so no equilibrium equation will resolve them.
Also ∴ Statically indeterminate !

consider
For ΣFy = 0: H y = 0, but then ΣM A ≠ 0 in FBD Truss,
∴ Improperly constrained !
Structure (a): Simple truss (start with ABC and add joints alphabetical to complete
truss), with
r = 4, m = 13, n = 8 so r + m = 17 > 2n = 16
Structure is completely constrained but indeterminate. !
Structure (b):
From FBD II: ΣM G = 0 ⇒ Jy
ΣFx = 0 ⇒ Fx
FBD I: ΣM A = 0 ⇒ Fy
ΣFy = 0 ⇒ Ay
ΣFx = 0 ⇒ Ax
FBD II: ΣFy = 0 ⇒ Gy
Thus have two simple trusses with all reactions known,

so structure is completely constrained and determinate. !
Structure (c):
Structure has r = 4, m = 13, n = 9
so r + m = 17 < 2n = 18, structure is partially constrained !
Structure (a): Non-Simple truss with r = 4, m = 12, N = 8, so 2N = r + m,

but we must examine further:
ΣFx = 0: E x = 0
By symmetry, FBD = FDF and FCD = FDG
FBD joint D: Vertical equilibrium cannot be satisfied with FCD = FDG,
Improperly constrained !
Structure (b):
Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 10, N = 7, so 2N = m + r
Structure (c): ∴ Partially constrained !
Non-simple truss with r = 3, m = 13, N = 8, so 2N = r + m,

but we must examine further
ΣM A = 0: 3a G y − ( a + 3a + 4a ) P = 0
8
Gy = P
3
Joint H: Joint F: Joint G:
ΣFy = 0:
1
2
FFH − P = 0 ΣFy = 0: FFG − P −
1
2
(
P 2 =0 ) ΣFy ≠ 0
FFH = P 2 T FFG = 2P C Improperly constrained !
Structure (a):
No. of members m = 12
No. of joints n=8 m + r = 16 = 2n
No. of react. comps. r =4 unks = eqns
FBD of EH:
ΣM H = 0 → FDE ; ΣFx = 0 → FGH ; ΣFy = 0 → H y
Then ABCDGF is a simple truss and all forces can be determined.

This example is completely constrained and determinate. !
Structure (b): No. of members m = 12

No. of joints n=8 m + r = 15 < 2n = 16
No. of react. comps. r =3 unks < eqns
partially constrained !
Note: Quadrilateral DEHG can collapse with joint D moving downward:
in (a) the roller at F prevents this action.
Structure (c): No. of members m = 13

No. of joints n=8 m + r = 17 > 2n = 16
No. of react. comps. r =4 unks > eqns
completely constrained but indeterminate !
Structure (a): Rigid truss with r = 3, m = 14, n = 8

so r + m = 17 > 2n = 16
so completely constrained but indeterminate !
Structure (b):
Simple truss (start with ABC and add joints alphabetically), with
r = 3, m = 13, n = 8 so r + m = 16 = 2n
so completely constrained and determinate !
Structure (c): Simple truss with r = 3, m = 13, n = 8 so r + m = 16 = 2n, but

horizontal reactions ( Ax and Dx ) are collinear so cannot be resolved by
any equilibrium equation.
∴ structure is improperly constrained !

\
FBD member AE:
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 120 lb = 0, Ax = 120 lb

on ABCD A x = 120.0 lb !
ΣM A = 0: (8 in.)( C ) − ( 2 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
C = 30 lb
ΣFy = 0: 30 lb − Ay = 0, Ay = 30 lb
on ABCD A y = 30.0 lb !
FBD member ABCD:
ΣFx = 0: 120 lb − Bx = 0, B x = 120.0 lb !
ΣM B = 0: ( 6 in.) D − ( 4 in.)( 30 lb ) − ( 4 in.)( 30 lb )

− ( 2 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
D = 80.0 lb !
ΣFy = 0: 30 lb − By − 30 lb + 80 lb = 0
B y = 80.0 lb !
FBD member ABC:

Note that BD is a two-force member
(16 in.)  
4
(a) ΣΜ C = 0: FBD  − ( 24 in.)( 80 lb ) = 0
5 
FBD = 150 lb, FBD = 150.0 lb 36.9° W
3
(b) ΣFy = 0: Cy − (150 lb ) = 0, C y = 90 lb
5
4
ΣFx = 0: Cx − (150 lb ) + 80 lb = 0, Cx = 40 lb
5
C = 98.5 lb 66.0° W
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.25 m ) Dx − ( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) = 0

D x = 1824 N W
FBD member DF:
Note that BE is a two-force member, Ex = Ey

ΣFx = 0: −1824 N + Ex = 0, E x = 1824 N W
so E y = 1824 N W
ΣM D = 0: ( 0.50 m )(1824 N ) − ( 0.75 m ) C + ( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) = 0

C = 1824 N W
ΣFy = 0: − D y + 1824 N − 1824 N + 480 N = 0
D y = 480 N W
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.25 m ) Dx − 400 N ⋅ m = 0
D x = 1600 N
FBD member DF:
Note BE is a two-force member, so Ex = Ey
ΣFx = 0: 1600 N − E x = 0, E x = 1600 N
∴ E y = 1600 N
ΣM D = 0: − ( 0.50 m )(1600 N ) + ( 0.75 m ) C − 400 N ⋅ m = 0
C = 1600 N
ΣFy = 0: Dy − 1600 N + 1600 N = 0
Dy = 0
FBD Ring:
(a) ΣM A = 0: (8 in.) ( FBC cos 35° ) − (8 in.)( 6 lb ) = 0

FBC = 7.3246 lb, FBC = 7.32 lb C W
(b) ΣFx = 0: Ax − ( 7.3246 lb ) cos 35° = 0
Ax = 6 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay + ( 7.3246 lb ) sin 35° − 6 lb = 0
Ay = 1.79876 lb
A = 6.26 lb 16.69° W
FBD Ring:
(a) ΣM A = 0: (8 in.) ( FBC cos 20° − 6 lb ) = 0

6 lb
FBC = , FBC = 6.39 lb C W
cos 20°
6 lb
(b) ΣFx = 0: Ax − cos 20° = 0, Ax = 6 lb
cos 20°
6
ΣFy = 0: Ay − sin 20° − 6 lb = 0, Ay = 8.1838 lb
cos 20°
A = 10.15 lb 53.8° W
FBD Frame:
 2 
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.2 m ) Bx − ( 0.36 m )  180 N  = 0
 2 
Bx = 162 2 N, B x = 229 N W
2
ΣFx = 0: −162 2 N + Ax − (180 N ) = 0
2
Ax = 252 2 N, A x = 356 N W
2
ΣFy = 0: By − (180 N ) = 0
2
B y = 90 2 N, B y = 127.3 N W
FBD member ABD: ΣM C = 0: ( 0.20 m ) ( 252 ) (

2 N − ( 0.08 m ) 90 2 N )
− ( 0.20 m ) D = 0, D = 216 2 N
D = 305 N W
ΣFx = 0: 252 2 N − 162 2 N − C x = 0
Cx = 90 2 N, C x = 127.3 N W
ΣFy = 0: 90 2 N + C y − 216 2 N = 0
C y = 126 2 N, C y = 178.2 N W
FBD Frame:
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.2 m ) Ax − 60 N ⋅ m = 0
A x = 300 N W
ΣFx = 0: 300 N − Bx = 0, B x = 300 N W
ΣFy = 0: By = 0, By = 0 W
FBD member ABD:
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.20 m )( 300 N ) − ( 0.20 m ) Dy =0
D y = 300 N W
ΣFy = 0: C y − 300 N = 0 C y = 300 N W
ΣFx = 0: Cx = 0 W
(a) FBD AC:
Note: CE is a two-force member

 FCE   FCE 
ΣM A = 0: (8 in.)   + ( 2 in.)   − ( 6 in.)( 24 lb ) = 0
 2   2 
FCE = 14.4 2 lb, so E x = 14.40 lb !
E y = 14.40 lb !
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 14.4 lb = 0 A x = 14.40 lb !
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 24 lb + 14.40 lb = 0
A y = 9.60 lb !
(b) FBD CE: Note AC is a two-force member

 4 1 
ΣM E = 0: ( 3 in.)  FAC + FAC  − (1 in.)( 24 lb ) = 0
 17 17 
FAC = 1.6 17 lb, A x = 6.40 lb !
A y = 1.600 lb !
ΣFx = 0: E x −
4
17
( )
1.6 17 lb = 0, E x = 6.40 lb !
ΣFy = 0: Ey +
1
17
( )
1.6 17 lb − 24 lb = 0
E y = 22.4 lb !
(a) FBD AC:

 1 1 
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.4 m )  FCE + FCE  − ( 0.3 m )( 320 lb )
 2 2 
FCE = 120 2 N, E x = 120.0 N !
E y = 120.0 N !
ΣFx = 0: − Ax +
1
2
(120 2 N = 0,) A x = 120.0 N !
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 320 N +
1
2
(
120 2 N = 0 ) A y = 200 N !
(b) FBD CE:
Note: AC is a two-force member
 1 1 
ΣM E = 0: ( 0.25 m )  FAC + FAC  − ( 0.15 m )( 320 N ) = 0
 2 2 
FAC = 96 2 N, A x = 96.0 N !
A y = 96.0 N !
ΣFx = 0: Ex − 96.0 N = 0 E x = 96.0 N !
ΣFy = 0: E y − 320 N + 96.0 N = 0 E y = 224 N !
(a) FBD AC:

 1   1 
ΣM A = 0: − ( 8 in.)  FCE  − ( 2 in.)  FCE  + 192 lb ⋅ in. = 0
 2   2 
FCE = 19.2 2 lb, E x = 19.20 lb !
E y = 19.20 lb !
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 19.2 lb = 0, A x = 19.20 lb !
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 19.2 lb = 0, A y = 19.20 lb !

(b) FBD CE:
 1 4 
ΣM E = 0: ( 3 in.)  FAE + FAE  + 192 lb ⋅ in. = 0
 17 17 
4
FAE = −12.8 17 lb, Ax = FAE , A x = 51.2 lb !
17
1
Ay = FAE , A y = 12.80 lb !
17
ΣFx = 0: Ex − 51.2 lb = 0, E x = 51.2 lb !
ΣFy = 0: E y − 12.80 lb = 0, E y = 12.80 lb !
(a) FBD AC:

 2 
ΣM A = 0: 120 N ⋅ m − ( 0.4 m )  FCE  = 0,
 2 
FCE = 150 2 N
E x = 150.0 N !
E y = 150.0 N !
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 150.0 N = 0, A x = 150.0 N !
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 150.0 N = 0, A y = 150.0 N !

(b) FBD CE:

 2 
ΣM E = 0: − ( 0.25 m )  FAC  + 120 N ⋅ m = 0
 2 
FAC = 240 2 N, A x = 240 N !
A y = 240 N !
ΣFx = 0: 240 N − Ex = 0, E x = 240 N !
ΣFy = 0: E y − 240 N = 0, E y = 240 N !
FBD Frame:
Note: In analysis of entire frame, location of M is immaterial. Note also

that AB, BC, and FG are two force members.
ΣM H = 0: ( 6 ft ) I y − 180 lb ⋅ ft = 0, I y = 30.0 lb !
(a) FBD AI:
5
ΣFy = 0: 30 lb − FAB = 0, FAB = 78.0 lb 22.6° !
13
( 2.5 ft )  
12
ΣM C = 0: 78 lb − FFG  = 0, FGH = 72.0 lb !
 13 
12
ΣFx = 0: FBC − 78 lb − 72 lb = 0, FBC = 144.0 lb !
13
(b) FBD AI:

As above, ΣFy = 0 yields FAB = 78.0 lb 22.6° !
Then:
 12 
ΣM C = 0: ( 2.5 ft )  78.0 lb − FFG  − 180 lb ⋅ ft = 0
 13 
FFG = 0 !
12
ΣFx = 0: FBC − ( 78.0 lb ) = 0, FBC = 72.0 lb !
13
(a) FBD ACF:
Note: BC is a two-force member

 1 
ΣM F = 0: ( 0.1 m )(120 N ) − ( 0.3 m )  FBC  = 0,
 26 
FBC = 40 26 N, B x = 200 N !
B y = 40.0 N !
ΣFx = 0:
5
26
( )
40 26 N − Fx = 0, Fx = 200 N !
(b) FBD BCE: ΣFy = 0: Fy − 120 N −

1
26
(
40 26 N = 0,) Fy = 160.0 N !
Note ACF is a two-force member

 1 
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.4 m )(120 N ) − ( 0.3 m )  FCF  = 0,
 5 
FCF = 160 5 N, Fx = 320 N !
Fy = 160.0 N !
ΣFx = 0: Bx −
2
5
(
160 5 N = 0, ) B x = 320 N !
ΣFy = 0:
1
5
( )
160 5 N − 120 N − B y = 0
B y = 40.0 N !
(c) Moving the 120 N force from D to E does not affect the reactions. The answers are the same as in part (b). !
(a) FBD AF:
Note: BC is a two-force member

 1 
ΣM F = 0: ( 0.3 m )  FBC  − 48 N ⋅ m = 0,
 26 
FBC = 160 26 N
so B x = 800 N !
B y = 160.0 N !
ΣFx = 0: Fx − 800 N = 0, Fx = 800 N !
(b & c) FBD BCE: ΣFy = 0: − Fy + 160 N = 0, Fy = 160.0 N !
Note: ACF is a two-force member, and that the application point of the
couple is immaterial.
 1 
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.3 m )  FCF  − 48 N ⋅ m = 0
 5 
FCF = 160 5 N, Fx = 320 N !
Fy = 160.0 N !
ΣFx = 0: 320 N − Bx = 0, B x = 320 N !
ΣFy = 0: −160 N + By = 0, B y = 160.0 N !

\
First note that, when a cable or cord passes over a frictionless, motionless pulley, the tension is unchanged.
ΣM C = 0: rT1 − rT2 = 0 T1 = T2
(a) Replace each force with an equivalent force-couple.
(b) Cut cable and replace forces on pulley with equivalent pair of forces at A as above.
FBD Pipe 2:
3
ΣFx′ = 0: NG − ( 220 lb ) = 0, NG = 132 lb
5
4
ΣFy′ = 0: ND − ( 220 lb ) = 0, N D = 176 lb
5
FBD Pipe 1:
3
θ = 90° − 2 tan −1 = 16.2602°
4
3
ΣFx′ = 0: N F cos (16.2602° ) − 132 lb − ( 220 lb ) = 0
5
N F = 275.00 lb
4
ΣFy′ = 0: N C + ( 275 lb ) cos (16.2602° ) − ( 220 lb ) = 0
5
NC = 99.00 lb
FBD Frame & Pipes:  4 

ΣM A = 0: ( 48 in.) E y − 24 in. + 24 in. + (10 in.)  (220 lb) = 0
  5 
2
E y = 256 lb, E y = 257 lb
3
2
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2 ( 220 lb ) + 256 lb = 0
3
1
Ay = 183 lb A y = 183.3 lb
3
ΣFx = 0: Ax − E x = 0, Ax = E x
FBD BE:
2   15 
ΣM B = 0: ( 24 in.)  256 lb  − (18 in.) E x +  in.  ( 275 lb ) = 0
 3   4 
E x = 399.5 lb, E x = 400 lb
From above, A x = 400 lb
FBD Pipe 2:
3
ΣFx' = 0: NG − ( 220 lb ) = 0, NG = 132 lb
5
4
ΣFy′ = 0: ND − ( 220 lb ) = 0, N D = 176 lb
5
3
FBD Pipe 1: ΣFx′ = 0: NF − ( 220 lb ) − 132 lb = 0, N F = 264 lb
5
4
ΣFy′ = 0: NC − ( 220 lb ) = 0, NC = 176 lb
5
ΣM B = 0: ( 24 in.) E y − ( 32 in.) Ex + ( 5 in.) ( 264 lb ) = 0

4Ex − 3E y = 165 (1)
FBD BE:
FBD Frame with Pipes: ΣM A = 0: ( 48 in.) E y − (14 in.) Ex + ( 5 in.) ( 264 lb )
− ( 35 in. + 45 in.) (176 lb ) = 0 (2)
solving with (1) above:

2
E y = 355 lb, E y = 356 lb !
3
4 3
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 308 lb − ( 264 lb ) + ⋅ 2 (176 lb ) = 0
5 5
A x = 308 lb !
2 3 4
ΣFy = 0: Ay + 355 lb − ( 264 lb ) − ⋅ 2 (176 lb ) = 0
3 5 5
A y = 84.3 lb !
FBD AC:
ΣM c = 0: ( 0.6 m ) Ax − ( 0.06 m )(170 N ) = 0,

A x = 17.00 N W
15
ΣFx = 0: −17 N + (170 N ) − Cx = 0, Cx = 133 N
17
15
ΣFx = 0: 133 N − (170 N ) + Ex = 0,
FBD CE: 17
E x = 17.00 N W
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.48 m )(17.00 N ) + ( 0.90 m ) E y

− ( 0.45 m ) (170 N ) = 0,
E y = 75.9 N W
FBD Frame:
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 170 N + 75.9 N = 0,
A y = 94.1 N W
FBD Frame & pulley:
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.6 m ) Ay − ( 0.075 m )( 240 N ) = 0,

A y = 30.0 N W
ΣFy = 0: − 30.0 N + By − 240 N = 0,
B y = 270 N W
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Bx = 0, Ax = Bx
FBD AD:
ΣM D = 0: ( 0.200 m ) Ax − ( 0.075 m ) ( 240 N )
+ ( 0.30 m ) ( 30 N ) = 0
A x = 45.0 N W
From above Ax = Bx , B x = 45.0 N W
(a)
FBD Entire machine:
ΣM A = 0: ( 95 in.) (16 kips) − ( 35 in.)(18 kips ) + (145 in.) ( 2B )

− (170 in.) ( 50 kips ) = 0,
B = 26.241 kips B = 26.2 kips W
ΣFy = 0: −16 kips + 2 A − 18 kips + 2 ( 26.241 kips ) − 50 kips = 0,
A = 15.76 kips W
(b)
FBD Motor unit:
ΣM D = 0: ( 30 in.) Cx + (85 in.)( 52.482 kips ) − (110 in.)( 50 kips ) = 0

Cx = 34.634 kips, C x = 34.6 kips W
ΣFx = 0: Dx − 34.634 kips = 0, D x = 34.6 kips W
ΣFy = 0: 52.482 kips − 50 kips − Dy = 0,
D y = 2.48 kips W
(a)
FBD Entire Machine:
ΣM A = 0: (145 in.) (2B) − ( 35 in.)(18 kips )

− (170 in.)( 50 kips ) = 0
2B = 62.966 kips, B = 31.5 kips !
ΣFy = 0: 2 A + 62.966 kips − 18 kips − 50 kips = 0
2 A = 5.034 kips, A = 2.52 kips !

where A and B are single
wheel forces
(b) ΣM D = 0: (85 in.)( 62.966 kips ) − (110 in.)( 50 kips )

FBD Motor unit: + (30 in.) Cx = 0, Cx = 4.9297 kips
C x = 4.93 kips !
ΣFy = 0: − Dy − 50 kips + 62.966 kips = 0
D y = 12.97 kips !
ΣFx = 0: Dx − C x = 0, Dx = Cx ,
D x = 4.93 kips !
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.625 m ) F − ( 0.75 m )( 4 kN ) − (1.25 m )( 3 kN ) = 0

Fx = 10.8 kN
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 10.8 kN = 0, A x = 10.80 kN W
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 4 kN − 3 kN = 0, A y = 7.00 kN W
FBD BF: (I) FBD ABD: (II)
I: ΣM C = 0: ( 0.375 m )(10.8 kN ) − ( 0.25 m ) Bx = 0, Bx = 16.2 kN, B x = 16.20 kN W
II: ΣM D = 0: ( 0.25 m )(10.8 kN + 16.2 kN ) + ( 0.5 m ) By − (1.00 m )( 7.0 kN ) = 0,

By = 0.5 kN, B y = 500 N W
ΣFx = 0: −10.8 kN − 16.20 kN + Dx = 0, Dx = 27 kN, D x = 27.0 kN W
ΣFy = 0: 7.0 kN − 0.5 kN − Dy = 0, Dy = 6.5 kN, D y = 6.50 kN W
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.3 m ) Dx = − ( 0.4 m ) ( 900 N ) = 0, Dx = 1200 N

D x = 1.200 kN
ΣFx = 0: 1.200 kN − Ax = 0, Ax = 1.200 kN, A x = 1.200 kN

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 900 N = 0 A y = 900 N
Note: AG is a two-force member.

ΣM A = 0: ( 0.2 m )  By − ( 0.4 m ) ( 900 N ) = 0, By = 1800 N
FBD AC:
3
ΣFy = 0: 900 N + 1800 N − 900 N − FAG = 0
5
FAG = 3000 N ( FAGx = 2400 N, FAGy = 1800 N )
4
ΣFx = 0: − ( 3000 N ) − 1200 N + Bx = 0, Bx = 3600 N
5
On GBEH: G x = 2.40 kN , G y = 1.800 kN !
B x = 3.60 kN , B y = 1.800 kN !
3
ΣM E = 0: − ( 0.2 m )FDH = 0, FDH = 0
5
ΣFx = 0: 1200 N − Ex = 0 Ex = 1200 N
ΣFy = 0: Ey = 0
FBD DF:
On GBEH: E x = 1.200 kN , Ey = 0 !
H x = 0, Hy = 0 !
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: ( 6 in.) Dx − (13.5 in.) ( 48 lb ) − (16.5 in.) ( 20 lb ) = 0

Dx = 163 lb
ΣFx = 0: − A x + 20 lb + 48 lb + 163 lb = 0
Ax = 231 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay = 0
FBD DE:
ΣM E = 0: (19.5 in.)(163 lb ) − ( 6 in.) Bx = 0
Bx = 529.75 lb
ΣM C = 0: ( 4.5 in.) By − ( 7.5 in.)( 231 lb ) = 0, By = 385 lb
On ABC: B x = 530 lb , B y = 385 lb W
ΣFx = 0: − 231 lb + 529.75 lb − Cx = 0, Cx = 298.75 lb
FBD ABC: ΣFy = 0: C y − 385 lb = 0, C y = 385 lb
On ABC: C x = 299 lb , C y = 385 lb W
FBD Frame:
ΣM E = 0: ( 6 in.)(84 lb ) − ( 42 in.) Ay = 0
Ay = 12.00 lb
FBD CF: (I) FBD ABC: (II)
I: ΣM D = 0: ( 3.5 in.) Cx + ( 7 in.) C y − ( 5 in.) (84 lb ) = 0, Cx + 2C y = 120 lb
II: ΣM B = 0: (12 in.) C y − ( 3.5 in.) Cx − (12 in.) (12 lb ) = 0, 3.5 Cx − 12 C y = 144 lb
Solving: Cx = 60.632 lb, C y = 29.684 lb
On ABC: C x = 60.6 lb, C y = 29.7 lb W
II: ΣFx = 0: − Bx + 60.632 lb = 0, Bx = 60.632 lb, B x = 60.6 lb W
ΣFy = 0: 12 lb + By + 29.684 lb = 0, By = − 41.684 lb, B y = 41.7 lb W
FBD Stool:
w 1  N
= ( 56 kg )  9.81  = 274.68 N
2 2  kg 
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.350 m ) By − ( 0.150 m )( 274.68 N ) = 0,

By = 117.72 N
FBD BE:  1 
ΣM E = 0: (1.25 m )(117.72 N ) − ( 0.15 m )  FFG  = 0
 2 
FFG = 98.1 2 N
1
ΣFx = 0: Ex − (98.1 2) N = 0, E x = 98.1 N W
2
1
ΣFy = 0: − Ey + (98.1 2 N) + 117.72 N = 0
2
E y = 215.82 N, E y = 216 N W
FBD BC:
Note that only one of the forces B y , B′y exists.

1
ΣM C = 0: ( )
M C B y or B′y − ( 0.15 m )
2
FFG = 0
 2 
FFG =  M B or B′y
 0.15 m  C y ( ) (1)
 
So we seek a maximum of M C By or B′y ( )

where ( )
M C By = ( 0.125 m ) By
FBD stool: M C ( B′y ) = ( 0.175 m ) B′y
w = ( 56 kg ) ( 9.81 N/kg ) = 549.36 N
consider contact at A′, A y = 0, either
w
ΣM A′ = ( 0.425 m ) By − ( 0.225 m ) =0
2
By = 0.26471 w, ( )
M C By = ( 0.03309 m ) w (i)
w
or ( M A′ ) = ( 0.475 m ) B′y − ( 0.225 m ) =0
2
( )
B′y = ( 0.23684 ) w, M C B′y = ( 0.04145 m ) w (ii)
consider contact at A, A′y = 0, either

w
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.35 m ) By − ( 0.15 m ) =0
2
( )
By = 0.21429 w, M C By = ( 0.02678 m ) w (iii)
w
or ΣM A = 0: ( 0.40 m ) B′y − ( 0.15 m ) =0
2
B′y = 0.1875 w, ( )
M C B′y = ( 0.03281 m ) w (iv)
(a) The maximum is (ii), with contact at A′ and B′, and !
 2 
(b) FFG max =   ( 0.04145 m ) ( 549.36 N ) = 214.69 N,
 0.15 m 
FFG max = 215 N T !
Members FBDs:
I: ΣM A = 0: (12.8 ft ) Bx − ( 32 ft ) By − ( 20 ft )(14 kips ) = 0

II: ΣM C = 0: ( 7.2 ft ) Bx + ( 24 ft ) By − (12 ft )( 21 kips ) = 0
Solving: Bx = 27.5 kips, By = 2.25 kips,
I: ΣFx = 0: Ax − 27.5 kips = 0, Ax = 27.5 kips, (a)

A x = 27.5 kips !
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 14 kips − 2.25 kips = 0, Ay = 16.25 kips, A y = 16.25 kips !
(b) B x = 27.5 kips !
B y = 2.25 kips !
Member FBDs:
II: ΣM C = 0: ( 7.2 ft ) Bx − ( 24 ft ) By − (12 ft )(14 kips ) = 0

I: ΣM A = 0: (12.8 ft ) Bx + ( 32 ft ) By − ( 20 ft )( 21 kips ) = 0
Solving: Bx = 28.75 kips, By = 1.675 kips,
I: ΣFx = 0: Ax − 28.75 kips = 0, Ax = 28.75 kips, (a)

A x = 28.8 kips !
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 21 kips + 1.625 kips, Ay = 19.375 kips , A y = 19.38 kips !
(b) B x = 28.8 kips !
B y = 1.625 kips !

\
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: (12 in.) Dx − ( 28 in.)( 411 lb ) = 0
D x = 959 lb
FBD DF: Note that BF and CE are two-force members.
4 15
ΣFx = 0: 959 lb + FCE − FBF = 0
5 17
(12 in.)    8 
3
ΣM D = 0: FCE  + ( 34.5 in.)  FBF  = 0
5   17 
Solving: FBF = 357 lb,
( 22.5 in.)  ( 357 lb ) − (12 in.) Dy = 0

8
ΣM E = 01:
17 
D y = 315 lb , so (a) D = 1009 lb 18.18°
(b) FBF = 357 lb T
FBD Frame:
ΣM A = 0: (12 in.) Dx − ( 34.5 in.)( 274 lb ) = 0

Dx = 787.75 lb
FBD DF:
(12 in.)    8 
3
ΣM D = 0: FCE  + ( 34.5 in.)  FBF − 274 lb  = 0
 5   17 
4 15
ΣFx = 0: 787.75 lb + FCE − FBF = 0
5 17
Solving: FBF = 684.25 lb,
( 22.5 in.)  ( 684.25 lb ) − 274 lb  − (12 in.) Dy

8
ΣM E = 0: =0
17 
Dy = 90 lb, so (a) D = 793 lb 6.52°
(b) FBF = 684 lb T
FBD AC: Note that BE is a two force member

1
ΣFy = 0: FBE − P = 0
5
FBE = 5 P
ΣΜ Α = 0: ( 0.4 m ) 
 1
 5
( )  2
5 P  + ( 0.1 m ) 
  5
( )
5P 

− a P + ( 0.3 m ) C = 0
so ( a − 0.6 m ) P = ( 0.3 m ) C
since P > 0 and C ≥ 0, a – 0.6 m ≥ 0
a ≥ 0.6 m
Member FBDs:
4 4 
ΣΜ Α = 0: ( 0.6 m ) FCF − ( 0.9 m )  FDG  = 0
5  5 
4 4
ΣΜ Ε = 0: − ( 0.3 m ) FCF + ( 0.6 m ) FDG − ( 0.9 m )( 800 N ) = 0
5 5
Solving: FCF = 9000 N, FDG = 6000 N
FCF = 9.00 kN C
FDG = 6.00 kN T
Member FBDs:
4
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.3 m ) FBF − ( 0.9 m ) FDG = 0
5
4
ΣM E = 0: − ( 0.3 m ) FBF + ( 0.6 m ) FDG − ( 0.9 m )( 0.8 kN ) = 0
5
Solving: FBE = − 3 kN, FBF = − 7.2 kN
so FBF = 7.20 kN T
FDG = 3.00 kN C
Member FBDs:
4 4
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.6 m ) FCH − ( 0.3 m ) FBG = 0
5 5
4 4
ΣM E = 0: − ( 0.9 m ) FCH + ( 0.6 m ) FBG − ( 0.9 m )( 0.8 kN ) = 0
5 5
Solving: FBG = 6 kN, FCH = 3 kN
so FBG = 6.00 kN T
FCH = 3.00 kN C
Member FBDs:
I: ΣM J = 0: 2a C y + a Cx − a P = 0 II: ΣM K = 0: 2a C y − a C x = 0
P P
Solving: Cx = , Cy =
2 4
1 2
I: ΣFx = 0: FBG − Cx = 0, FBG = 2C x = P, FBG = 0.707 P T
2 2
1  2  P P
ΣFy = 0: FAF +  P  − P + = 0, FAF = , FAF = 0.250 P T
2  2  4 4
1 2
II: ΣFx = 0: Cx − FDG = 0, FDG = 2C x = P, FDG = 0.707 P T
2 2
P 1  2  P
ΣFy = 0: − +  P  + FEH = 0, FEH = − FEH = 0.250 P C
4 2  2  4
Note that, if we assume P is applied to BF, each individual member FBD

looks like:
2
so Fshort = 2Flong = Fload
3
(by moment equations about S and L).
Labeling each interaction force with the letter corresponding to the joint
of application, we have:
2(P + E)
F = = 2B
3
C D
E = =
3 2
B A
C = =
3 2
2(P + E) P
so = 2 B = 6C = 18E P + E = 27 E E=
3 26
P
so D = 2E =
13
3P
A = 2C = 3E A=
13
2 P 9P
F = P +  F=
3 26  13
Note that, if we assume P is applied to EG, each individual member FBD

looks like
so 2Fleft = 2 Fright = Fmiddle
Labeling each interaction force with the letter corresponding to the joint
of its application, we see that
B = 2 A = 2F
C = 2B = 2D
G = 2C = 2H
P + F = 2G ( = 4C = 8B = 16 F ) = 2E
P P
From P + F = 16 F , F = so A =
15 15
2P
D=
15
4P
H=
15
8P
E=
15
(a) Member FBDs:
FBD II: ΣFy = 0: By = 0 ΣM B = 0: aF2 = 0 F2 = 0
FBD I: ΣM A = 0: aF2 − 2aP = 0 but F2 = 0
so P = 0 not rigid for P ≠ 0 !

(b) Member FBDs:
( )
Note: 7 unknowns Ax , Ay , Bx , By , F1, F2 , C but only 6 independent equations.
System is statically indeterminate !
System is, however, rigid !
(c) FBD whole: FBD right:
2
FBD I: ΣM A = 0: 5aBy − 2aP = 0 By = P
5
2 3
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P + P=0 Ay = P
5 5
a 5a
FBD II: ΣM c = 0: Bx − By = 0 Bx = 5By B x = 2P
2 2
FBD I: ΣFx = 0: Ax + Bx = 0 Ax = − Bx A x = 2P
A = 2.09P 16.70° !
B = 2.04P 11.31° !
System is rigid !
Note: In all three cases, the right member has only three forces acting, two of which are parallel. Thus the
third force, at B, must be parallel to the link forces.
(a) FBD whole:
a 4 1
ΣM A = 0: − 2aP − B + 5a B=0 B = 2.06 P B = 2.06P 14.04° !
4 17 17
4
ΣFx = 0: Ax − B=0 A x = 2P
17
1 P
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P + B=0 Ay = A = 2.06P 14.04° !
17 2
rigid !
(b) FBD whole:
Since B passes through A, ΣM A = 2aP = 0 only if P = 0
∴ no equilibrium if P ≠ 0 not rigid !
(c) FBD whole:
1 3a 4 17
ΣM A = 0: 5a B+ B − 2aP = 0 B= P B = 1.031P 14.04° !
17 4 17 4
4
ΣFx = 0: Ax + B=0 Ax = − P
17
1 P 3P
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P + B=0 Ay = P − = A = 1.250P 36.9° !
17 4 4
System is rigid !
(a) Member FBDs:
FBD I: ΣM A = 0: aF1 − 2aP = 0 F1 = 2P; ΣFy = 0: Ay − P = 0 Ay = P
FBD II: ΣM B = 0: − aF2 = 0 F2 = 0
ΣFx = 0: Bx + F1 = 0, Bx = − F1 = −2P B x = 2P
ΣFy = 0: By = 0 so B = 2P !
FBD I: ΣFx = 0: − Ax − F1 + F2 = 0 Ax = F2 − F1 = 0 − 2P A x = 2P
so A = 2.24P 26.6° !
Frame is rigid !
(b) FBD left: FBD whole:
a a 5a
FBD I: ΣM E = 0: P + Ax − Ay = 0 Ax − 5 Ay = − P
2 2 2
FBD II: ΣM B = 0: 3aP + aAx − 5aAy = 0 Ax − 5 Ay = −3P
This is impossible unless P = 0 ∴ not rigid !
(c) Member FBDs:
FBD I: ΣFy = 0: A − P = 0 A= P !
ΣM D = 0: aF1 − 2aA = 0 F1 = 2 P
ΣFx = 0: F2 − F1 = 0 F2 = 2 P
F1
FBD II: ΣM B = 0: 2aC − aF1 = 0 C = = P C= P !
2
ΣFx = 0: F1 − F2 + Bx = 0 Bx = P − P = 0
ΣFx = 0: By + C = 0 By = −C = − P B= P !
Frame is rigid !
FBD ABC:
ΣM C = 0: 0.045 m + ( 0.30 m ) sin 30° ( 400 N ) sin 30° 
+ 0.030 m + ( 0.30 m ) cos 30°  ( 400 N ) cos 30°
 12   5 
− ( 0.03 m )  FBD  − ( 0.045 m )  FBD  = 0
 13   13 
FBD = 3097.64 N
5
ΣFx = 0: ( 3097.64 N ) − ( 400 N ) sin 30° − Cx = 0
13
C x = 991.39 N
12
ΣFy = 0: ( 3097.64 N ) − ( 400 N ) cos 30° − C y = 0
13
C y = 2512.9 N
FBD Blade: 12
(a) Vertical component at D = ( 3097.64 N )
13
= 2.86 kN
(b) C = 2.70 kN 68.5°
FBD Blade:
12
ΣFy = 0: 3 kN − FBD = 0: FBD = 3.25 kN C
13
ΣM C = 0: 0.045 m + ( 0.3 m ) sin 30°  P sin 30°

FBD ABC:
+ 0.030 m + ( 0.3 m ) cos 30° P cos 30°
5
− ( 0.045 m ) ( 3.25 kN )
13
12
− ( 0.03 m ) ( 3.25 kN ) = 0
13
P = 0.41968 kN
so (a) P = 420 N
5
ΣFx = 0: − ( 0.41968 kN ) sin 30° + ( 3.25 kN ) − Cx = 0
13
C x = 1.04016 kN
12
ΣFy = 0: − ( 0.41968 kN ) cos30° + ( 3.25 kN ) − C y = 0
13
C y = 2.6365 kN
so (b) C = 2.83 kN 68.5°
FBD Stamp D:
ΣFy = 0: E − FBD cos 20° = 0, E = FBD cos 20°
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.2 m )( sin 30°)( FBD cos 20°)

FBD ABC:
+ ( 0.2 m )( cos 30° )( FBD sin 20° )
− ( 0.2 m ) sin 30° + ( 0.4 m ) cos15°  ( 250 N ) = 0
FBD = 793.64 N C
and, from above, E = ( 793.64 N ) cos 20°
(a) E = 746 N !
ΣFx = 0: Ax − ( 793.64 N ) sin 20° = 0
A x = 271.44 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay + ( 793.64 N ) cos 20° − 250 N = 0
A y = 495.78 N
so (b ) A = 565 N 61.3° !

\
FBD Stamp D:
ΣFy = 0: 900 N − FBD cos 20° = 0, FBD = 957.76 N C
(a)
FBD ABC:
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.2 m )( sin 30° )  ( 957.76 N ) cos 20°
+ ( 0.2 m )( cos 30° )  ( 957.76 N ) sin 20°
− ( 0.2 m ) sin 30° + ( 0.4 m ) cos15° P = 0
P = 301.70 N, P = 302 N
(b)
ΣFx = 0: Ax − ( 957.76 N ) sin 20° = 0
A x = 327.57 N
ΣFy = 0: − Ay + ( 957.76 N ) cos 20° − 301.70 N = 0
A y = 598.30 N
so A = 682 N 61.3°
FBD ABC:
( 45 mm ) sin 25° − 10 mm 
θ = sin −1  = 5.1739°
100 mm
ΣM C = 0: ( 70 mm )(110 N ) − ( 45 mm ) sin 25° FBD cos 5.1739°

+ ( 45 mm ) cos 25° FBD sin 5.1739° = 0
FBD = 504.50 N
ΣFx = 0: ( 504.50 N ) cos 5.1739° − (110 N ) sin 25° − Cx = 0, Cx = 455.96 N
FBD CE:
ΣFx = 0: 455.96 N − Q = 0
Q = 455.96 N, (a) Q = 456 N
(b) FBD = 540 N T
Member FBDs:
θ = tan −1
( BC + CD ) sin 60°
AF + ( AB + BC − CD ) cos 60°
= tan −1
( 2.5 in. + 1 in.) sin 60°
4.5 in. + (1.5 in. + 2.5 in. − 1 in.) cos 60°
θ = 26.802°
From FBD CDE:

ΣM C = 0: ( 7.5 in.)( 20 lb ) − (1 in.) FDF cos ( 30° − 26.802°) = 0,
FDF = 150.234 lb C
ΣFx = 0: (150.234 lb ) cos ( 26.802°) − ( 20 lb ) sin 60° − Cx = 0,

Cx = 116.774 lb
ΣFy = 0: (150.234 lb ) sin 26.802° − ( 20 lb ) cos 60° − C y =0
C y = 57.742 lb
From FBD ABC:
ΣM A = 0: (1.5 in.) sin 60° Bx + (1.5 in.) cos 60° By − ( 4 in.) sin 60°  (116.774 lb )
+ ( 4 in.) cos 60° ( 57.742 lb ) = 0, 3 Bx + By = 385.37 lb (1)
continued
From FBD BFG:
ΣM G = 0: − (1.5 in.) (150.234 lb ) sin 26.802° + (1.5 in.) cos 30°  (150.234 lb ) cos 26.802°
− (1.5 in.) cos 30° Bx − 6 in. + (1.5 in.) sin 30°  B y = 0, 3Bx − 9 B y = 96.775 lb (2)
Solving (1) and (2): Bx = 243.32 lb, By = − 36.075 lb
ΣFx = 0: 243.32 lb − (150.234 lb ) cos 26.802° − Gx = 0, G x = 109.226 lb
G y = 31.667 lb
ΣFy = 0: G y − (150.234 lb ) sin 26.802° + 36.075 lb = 0,
On G, G = 113.7 lb 16.17° !
Member FBDs:
θ = tan −1
( BC + CD ) sin 60°
AF + AB cos 75° + ( BC − CD ) cos 60°
= tan −1
( 2.5 in. + 1 in.) sin 60°
4.5 in. + (1.5 in.) cos 75° + ( 2.5 in. − 1 in.)  cos 60°
θ = 28.262°
From FBD CDE:
ΣM C = 0: ( 7.5 in.)( 20 lb ) − (1 in.) FDF cos ( 30° − 28.262°) = 0

FDF = 150.069 lb
ΣFx = 0: (150.069 lb ) cos 28.262° − ( 20 lb ) sin 60° − Cx = 0

Cx = 114.859 lb
ΣFy = 0: (150.069 lb ) sin 28.262° − ( 20 lb ) cos 60° − C y =0
C y = 61.058 lb
From FBD ABC:

ΣM A = 0: (1.5 in.) sin 75° Bx − (1.5 in.) cos 75° By − (1.5 in.) sin 75° + ( 2.5 in.) sin 60° (114.859 lb )
+ (1.5 in.) cos 75° + ( 2.5 in.) cos 60° ( 61.058 lb ) = 0
or 1.44889 Bx − 0.38823 B y = 315.07 lb (1)
continued
From FBD BFG:
ΣM G = 0: − (1.5 in.) (150.069 lb ) sin 28.262° + (1.5 in.) cos15° (150.069 lb ) cos 28.262° 
− (1.5 in.) cos15° Bx + ( 6 in.) + (1.5 in.) sin15°  B y = 0
or 1.44889 Bx − 6.3882 B y = 84.926 lb (2)
Solving (1) and (2): Bx = 227.74 lb, By = 38.358 lb
ΣFx = 0: 227.74 lb − (150.069 lb ) cos 28.262° − Gx = 0, G x = 95.560 lb
ΣFy = 0: G y − (150.069 lb ) sin 28.262° + 38.358 lb = 0, G y = 32.700 lb
So force on G is G = 101.8 lb 18.89° !
FBD Piston:
ΣFy = 0: 180 lb − FCE cos 20° = 0, FCE = 191.552 lb C
FBD Joint C:
FBC 191.552°
=
sin 40° sin 40°
FBC = 191.552 lb
FBD AB:
ΣM A = 0: ( 6 in.)(191.552 lb ) cos 30° − M =0
M = 995 lb ⋅ in.
FBD AB:
ΣM A = 0: ( 6 in.) FBC cos 30° − 660 lb ⋅ in. = 0,

FBC = 127.017 lb T
FBD Piston:
180 lb
ΣFy = 0: 180 lb − FCE cos φ = 0, FCE = C
cos φ
FBD Joint C:
180 lb
ΣFy = 0: cos φ + (127.017 lb ) sin 30° − FCD cos φ = 0,
cos φ
FCD cos φ = 243.51 lb (1)
180 lb
ΣFx = 0: (127.017 lb ) cos30° − sin φ − FCD sin φ = 0
cos φ
FCD sin φ = 110.000 lb − (180 lb ) tan φ (2)
divide (2) by (1) tan φ = 0.45173 − 0.73919 tan φ
tan φ = 0.25974, φ = 14.56°
(a) FBD E:
160 N
ΣFx = 0: FDE cos α −160 N = 0, FDE =
cosα
38.8 mm
where α = tan −1 = 22.823°, so FDE = 173.59 N C
92.2 mm
FBD Joint D:
37.5 mm − 18.8 mm
β = tan −1 = 25.732°
38.8 mm
ΣFx = 0: FCD cos ( 45° − 25.732° )
− (173.59 N ) cos ( 25.732° + 22.823° ) = 0
FCD = 121.717 N C
FBD BC:
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.045 m )(121.717 N ) sin 45° − M = 0,
M = 3.873 N ⋅ m, M = 3.87 N ⋅ m !
(b) FBD E:
160 N
ΣFx = 0: FDE cos α −160 N = 0, FDE =
cos α
20 mm + 35.4 mm − 26.4 mm
where α = tan −1 = 16.8584°
92.2 mm + 27.8 mm − 24.3 mm
so FDE = 167.185 N C
continued
27.8 mm − 24.3 mm
FBD Joint D: β = tan −1 = 7.5520°
26.4 mm
20 mm + 35.4 mm − 26.4 mm
γ = tan −1 = 42.363°
24.3 mm + 7.5 mm
ΣFy′ = 0: (167.185 N ) sin (16.8584° + 42.363°)

− FCD sin ( 90° − 7.5520° − 42.363° ) = 0,
FCD = 223.07 N C
FBD BC:
35.4 mm
δ = tan −1 = 51.857°
27.8 mm
ΣM B = 0: M − ( 0.045 m )( 223.07 N ) sin ( 90° − 51.857° − 7.5520° ) = 0
M = 5.12 N ⋅ m !
(a) FBD BC:
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.045 m ) FCD sin 45° − 6.00 N ⋅ m = 0

FCD = 188.562 N C
FBD Joint D: 38.8 mm

α = tan −1 = 22.823°
92.2 mm
37.5 mm − 18.8 mm
β = tan −1 = 25.732°
38.8 mm
ΣFx′ = 0: (188.562 N ) cos ( 45° − 25.732°)

− FDE cos ( 22.823° + 25.732° ) = 0, FDE = 268.92 N C
FBD E:
ΣFx = 0: ( 268.92 N ) cos ( 22.823°) − P = 0,
P = 248 N !
(b) FBD BC: 35.4 mm

δ = tan −1 = 51.857°
27.8 mm
27.8 mm − 24.3 mm
β = tan −1 = 7.5520°
26.4 mm
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.045 m ) FCD sin ( 90° − 51.857° − 7.5510°) − 6.00 N ⋅ m = 0

FCD = 262.00 N C
continued
20 mm + 35.4 mm − 26.4 mm
FBD Joint D: β = 7.5520°, γ = tan −1 = 42.363°
24.3 mm + 7.5 mm
20 mm + 35.4 mm − 26.4 mm
α = tan −1 = 16.8584°
92.2 mm + 27.8 mm − 24.3 mm
ΣFy′ = 0: FDE sin (16.8584° + 42.363° )
− ( 262.00 N ) sin ( 90° − 7.5520° − 42.363° ) = 0,
FDE = 196.366 N C
FBD E:
ΣFx = 0: (196.366 N )( cos16.8584°) − P = 0,

P = 187.9 N !
Member FBDs:
BCD: ΣFy = 0: By = 0
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.128 m ) Bx − ( 0.10 m )(80 N ) = 0, Bx = 62.5 N
AB: ΣM A = 0: (0.15 m) ( 62.5 N ) − M = 0, M = 9.38 N ⋅ m !
FBD BCD:
0.100 m
d = 0.24 m = 0.1875 m
0.128 m
ΣFy = 0: (80 N ) sin 45° − By =0
By = 40 2 N
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.100 m )(80 N ) cos 45°

+ ( 0.1875 m )( 80 N ) sin 45°
(
+ ( 0.24 m ) 40 2 N )
− ( 0.128 m ) Bx = 0
Bx = 233.13 N
FBD AB:
ΣM A = 0: ( 0.2 m ) ( 40 )
2 N − ( 0.15 m )( 233.13 N ) = 0
M = 46.3 N ⋅ m. !
FBD BD:
θ = 90° − 25° = 65°
ΣM B = 0:  2 ( 0.2 m ) cos 25° D sin 65° −15 N ⋅ m = 0
D = 45.654 N
FBD AC:
ΣM A = 0: M A = ( 0.2 m )( 45.654 N ) = 0
M A = 9.13 N ⋅ m !
FBD BD:
ΣM B = 0:  2 ( 0.2 m ) cos 25° C −15 N ⋅ m = 0
C = 41.377 N
FBD AC:
ΣM A = 0: M A − ( 0.2 m )( 41.377 N ) sin 65° = 0
M A = 7.50 N ⋅ m !
FBD Member CD:
Noting that B is Perpendicular to CD,
ΣFx′ = 0: Dy sin 30° − ( 80 lb ) cos 30° = 0,
D y = 138.564 lb
FBD Machine:
10 in.
ΣM A = 0: (138.564 lb ) − M = 0,
sin 30°
M = 2771.3 lb ⋅ in.
M = 2.77 kip ⋅ in. !
FBD CD:
Since B is ⊥ to CD
ΣFx′ = 0: Dy sin 30° − ( 80 lb ) cos 30° = 0
D y = 138.564 lb
FBD Whole:
a = 10 in. − ( 8 in.) cos 30° = 3.07180 in.
a
b= = 5.32051 in.
tan 30°
d = b − 4 in. = 1.32051 in.
ΣM A = 0: (10 in.)(80 lb ) + (1.32051 in.)(138.564 lb ) − M =0
M = 983 lb ⋅ in. !
FBD ABD:
First note, by inspection, that P = W = 250 lb.
Note: that BC is a two-force member
3 1
ΣM D = 0: ( 5 in.) FBC + ( 3 in.) FBC − ( 9 in.)( 250 lb ) = 0
10 10
FBC = 125 10 lb T
ΣFx = 0: Dx −
3
10
(
125 10 lb = 0 )
D x = 375 lb
ΣFy = 0: 250 lb −
1
10
(
125 10 lb − Dy = 0)
D y = 125 lb
(note, that Dy = 125 lb is evident by symmetry of the barrel)
so D = 395 lb 18.43°

\
FBD whole:
By symmetry A = B = 22.5 kN
FBD ADF: ΣM F = 0: ( 75 mm ) CD − (100 mm )( 22.5 kN ) = 0

CD = 30 kN W
ΣFx = 0: Fx − CD = 0 Fx = CD = 30 kN
ΣFy = 0: 22.5 kN − Fy = 0 Fy = 22.5 kN
so F = 37.5 kN 36.9° W
FBD Joint A:
TB TC 2.1 kN
= =
17 17 30
TB = TC = 1.19 kN
FBD BF and CF w/cables to A:
By symmetry Ex = Fx = 1.05 kN
and E y = Fy
FBD Machine:
By symmetry H x = I x = 1.05 kN
and H y = I y
ΣM D = 0: ( 0.075 m ) Fy − ( 0.08 m ) (1.05 kN )

FBD BF:
15
− ( 0.15 m ) (1.19 kN )
17
8
− ( 0.16 m ) (1.19 kN ) = 0
16
Fy = 4.48 kN
ΣM G = 0: ( 0.075 m ) ( 4.48 kN ) + ( 0.08 m ) (1.05 kN )

+ ( 0.02 m ) (1.05 kN ) − ( 0.15 m ) H y = 0
FBD FGH: H y = 2.94 kN
ΣFy = 0: 2.94 kN − G y + 4.48 kN = 0 , G y = 7.42 kN

ΣFx = 0: −1.05 kN + Gx + 1.05 kN = 0 , Gx = 0
so H = 3.12 kN 70.3° !
G = 7.42 kN !
FBD Machine:
By inspection, P = W = 110 lb,
By symmetry: H x = Ix, Hy = Iy
ΣFy = 0: 110 lb − 2H y = 0 , H y = I y = 55 lb,
By symmetry: FCE = FBD

FBD ABC:
4  550
ΣFy = 0: 110 lb − 2  FCE  = 0 , FCE = FBD = lb C
 5  8
 4  550    3  550  
ΣM H = 0: ( 2.5 in.)   lb   + (17 in.)   lb  
5  8  5  8 
− (4 in.) FFG = 0
FBD DFH: FFG = 209.69 lb, FFG = 210 lb W
3  550 
ΣFx = 0: 209.69 lb −  lb  − H x = 0
5 8 
H x = 168.440 lb
so H = 177.2 lb 18.08° W
FBD top handle:
Note CD and DE are two-force members
6 5
ΣM A = 0: ( 4 in.) FCD − (1.5 in.) FCD − (13.2 in.) ( 90 lb ) = 0
61 61
FCD = 72 61 lb
By symmetry: FDE = FCD = 72 61 lb

FBD Joint D:
ΣFx = 0: D−2
5
61
(
72 61 lb = 0, ) D = 720 lb W
FBD top handle:
By symmetry the horizontal force at F must be zero
ΣFx = 0: Dx = 0
ΣM F = 0: ( 0.015 m ) Fy − ( 0.185 m )(135 N ) = 0
Dy = 1665 N
FBD ABD:
ΣM B = 0: ( 40 mm ) (1665 N ) − ( 30 mm ) A = 0
A= 2220 N
A= 2.22 kN W
FBD cutter AC:

ΣM C = 0: ( 32 mm )1.5 KN − ( 28 mm ) Ay − (10 mm ) Ax =0
 11 
10 Ax + 28  Ax  = 48 kN
 13 
Ax = 1.42466 kN
Ay = 1.20548 kN
FBD handle AD: ΣM D = 0: (15 mm )(1.20548 kN ) − ( 5 mm )(1.42466 kN )

− (70 mm) P = 0
P = 0.1566 kN = 156.6 N W
FBD CD:
0.85 in. − 0.3 in.

θ = tan − 1 = 22.932°
2.6 in. − 1.3 in.
ΣM D = 0: ( 3.4 in.)( 30 lb ) − ( 0.8 in.) FAC sin 22.932°

+ ( 0.3 in.) FAC cos 22.932° = 0
FAC = 2879.6 lb
ΣFx = 0: Dx − ( 2879.6 lb ) cos 22.932° = 0, Dx = 2652.0 lb
ΣFy = 0: Dy − ( 2879.6 lb ) sin 22.932° + 30 lb = 0,
Dy = 1092.00 lb
FBD BD:
ΣM B = 0: ( 2.6 in.) F + ( 0.2 in.)(1092.00 lb )

− ( 0.85 in.)( 2652.0 lb ) = 0
F = 783 lb W
FBD Joint B:
1
α = tan − 1 = 5.7106°
10
ΣFx′ = 0: FBC cos ( 30° + 5.7106° ) − ( 54 lb ) cos 30° = 0
FBC = 57.595 lb T
By symmetry: FCD = 57.595 lb

FBD Joint C: ΣFx′′ = 0: 2 ( 57.595 lb ) sin ( 5.7106° ) − P = 0
P = 11.4618 lb
so P = 11.46 lb 30.0° W
FBD BC:
ΣM B = 0: (1 in.) Cx − ( 2.65 in.) ( 270 lb ) = 0

Cx = 715.5 lb
FBD CF:
ΣM C = 0: ( 3.5 in.) P − ( 0.75 in.) FDE cos 40°
+ ( 0.65 in.) FDE sin 40° = 0
FDE = 22.333 P
ΣFx = 0: C x − ( 22.333 P ) cos 40° + P sin 30° = 0
P = 43. 081 lb
P = 43.1 lb 60.0˚ W
FBD Handles:
ΣM C = 0: − aBx + b (100 N − 100 N ) = 0
Bx = 0
FBD top handle:
ΣM A = 0: ( 28 mm ) By − (110 mm ) (100 N ) = 0
By = 392.86 N
FBD top blade:

ΣM D = 0: ( 40 mm ) ( 392.86 N ) − ( 30 mm ) E = 0
E = 523.81 N E = 524 N W
FBD BE:
ΣM B = 0: ( )
746 mm C − ( 640 mm ) ( 0.25 kN ) = 0
160
C= kN
746
FBD Blade:
 2  160 
ΣM A = 0: ( 38 mm ) F − ( 47 mm )   kN  
 5  746 
 1  160 
− ( 23 mm )   kN   = 0
 5  746 
F = 8.82 kN W
FBD Boom with bucket and man:
3 ft + ( 6 ft ) sin 35°
θ = tan − 1 = 62.070°
( 6 ft ) cos 35° − 1.5 ft
ΣM A = 0: ( 6 ft ) cos 35° ( FBD sin 62.070° )
− ( 6 ft ) sin 35° ( FBD cos 62.070° )
− ( 9ft ) cos 35°  (1400 lb ) − ( 20 ft ) cos 35°  ( 450 lb ) = 0
FBD = 17693 lb, FBD = 6.48 kips 62.1° W
FBD AED:
(a) ΣM A = 0: ( 36 in.) (1500 lb ) − ( 25 in.) F = 0,

F = 2160 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1500 lb = 0, Ay = 1500 lb

ΣFy = 0: Ax − 2160 lb = 0, Ax = 2160 lb
FBD Entire machine:

ΣM B = 0: (84 in.) (1500 lb ) − ( 25 in.) Gx = 0,
Gx = 5040 lb
ΣM C = 0: ( 24 in.) ( Gy + 1500 lb )
FBD AG: − (12.5 in.) ( 5040 lb − 2160 lb ) = 0,
Gy = 0 W
(b) ΣFy = 0: C y − 1500 lb + 0 = 0,

C y = 1500 lb
ΣFx = 0: Cx − 2160 lb − 5040 lb = 0,

Cx = 7200 lb
so on BCF, C x = 7.20 kips , C y = 1.500 kips W
FBD boom:
Note: θ = tan −1
( 3.2sin 24° − 1) m
( 3.2cos 24° − 0.6 ) m
θ = 44.73°
(a)
ΣM A = 0: ( 6.4 m ) cos 24° ( 2.3544 kN )
− ( 3.2 m ) cos 24° B sin 44.73°
+ ( 3.2 m ) sin 24° B cos 44.73° = 0
B = 12.153 kN B = 12.15 kN 44.7° W
ΣFx = 0: Ax − (12.153 kN ) cos 44.73° = 0
A x = 8.633 kN
(b)
ΣFy = 0: − 2.3544 kN + (12.153 kN ) sin 44.73° − Ay = 0
A y = 6.198 kN
On boom: A = 10.63 kN 35.7°

On carriage: A = 10.63 kN 35.7° W
FBD Bucket (one side):
(a)
ΣM D = 0: ( 0.8 m ) ( 2.4525 kN ) − ( 0.5 m ) FAB = 0
FAB = 3.924 kN
w = ( 250 kg ) ( 9.81 N/kg ) = 2452.5 N = 2.4525 kN
FBD link BE:
( 0.68 m )( 3.924 kN ) − ( 0.54 m )  

80
ΣM E = 0: FCD 
 89 
 39 
+ ( 0.35 m )  FCD  = 0, FCD = 7.682 kN
 89 
FCD = 7.68 kN C W
FBD top blad
(b)
FBD Entire linkage: ΣM G = 0: ( 2.5 m ) ( 2.4525 kN )
1 1
+ ( 0.2 m ) FGH − ( 0.6 m ) FGH = 0,
2 2
FFH = 21.677 kN, FFH = 21.7 kN C W

\
FBD Central Gear:
By symmetry: F1 = F2 = F3 = F
5
ΣM A = 0: 3 ( rA F ) − 15 N ⋅ m = 0, F = N⋅m
rA
FBD Gear C:
ΣM C = 0: rB ( F − F4 ) = 0, F4 = F
ΣFx′ = 0: C x′ = 0
ΣFy′ = 0: C y′ − 2 F = 0, C y′ = 2 F
Gears B and D are analogous, each having a central force of 2F
FBD Spider:
ΣM A = 0: 75 N ⋅ m − 3 ( rA + rB ) 2 F = 0
10
25 N ⋅ m − ( rA + rB ) N⋅m = 0
rA
rA + rB r
= 2.5 = 1 + B , rB = 1.5 rA
rA rA
FBD Outer gear: Since rA = 24 mm, (a) rB = 36.0 mm !
ΣM A = 0: 3 ( rA + 2rB ) F − M E = 0
5 N⋅m
3 ( 24 mm + 72 mm ) −ME = 0
24 mm
(b) M E = 60.0 N ⋅ m !
FBD Gear A: looking from C
(a)
M A = 15 lb ⋅ ft rA = 4 in.
M A 180 lb ⋅ in.
ΣM A = 0: M A − P rA = 0 P= =
rA 4 in.
P = 45 lb
FBD Gear B: looking from F
ΣM B = 0: M 0 − rB P = 0
M 0 = rB P = ( 2.5 in.)( 45 lb ) = 112.5 lb ⋅ in.
M 0 = 112.5 lb ⋅ in. i !
FBD ABC: looking down

(b)
ΣM B = 0: ( 2 in.)( 45 lb ) − ( 5 in.) C =0 C = 18 lb k
ΣFz = 0: 45 lb − B + 18 lb = 0 B = −63 lb k
FBD BEG:
By analogy, using FBD DEF E = 63 lb k F = 18 lb k
ΣFz = 0: Gz + 63 lb − 63 lb = 0
Gz = 0
ΣFy = 0 Gy = 0
ΣM G = 0 M G − ( 6.5 in.)( 63 lb ) = 0
M G = ( 410 lb ⋅ in.) i !
FBD CFH:
ΣF = 0: Hz = H y = 0
ΣM H = 0
M H = − ( 6.5 in.)(18 lb )
= −117 lb ⋅ in.
M G = − (117.0 lb ⋅ in.) i !
Note: The couples exerted by the two yokes on the crosspiece must be equal and opposite. Since neither yoke
can exert a couple along the arm of the crosspiece it contacts, these equal and opposite couples must be
normal to the plane of the crosspiece.
If the crosspiece arm attached to shaft CF is horizontal, the plane of the crosspiece is normal to shaft AC, so
couple M C is along AC.
FBDs shafts with yokes:
(a) FBD CDE: ΣM x = 0: M C cos30° − 50 N ⋅ m = 0 M C = 57.735 N ⋅ m

FBD BC: ΣM x′ = 0: M A − M C = 0 M A = 57.7 N ⋅ m W
(b) ΣM C = 0: M A i′ + ( 0.5 m ) Bz j′ − ( 0.5 m ) By′ k = 0 B = 0W
ΣF = 0: B + C = 0 so C=0
FBD CDF : ΣM Dy = 0: − ( 0.6 m ) Ez + ( 57.735 N ⋅ m ) sin 30° = 0
E z = 48.1 N k
ΣFx = 0: Ex = 0
ΣM Dz = 0: ( 0.6 m ) E y = 0 Ey = 0 so E = ( 48.1 N ) k W
0
ΣF = 0: C + D + E = 0 D = −E = − ( 48.1 N ) k W
Note: The couples exerted by the two yokes on the crosspiece must be equal and opposite. Since neither yoke
can exert a couple along the arm of the crosspiece it contacts, these equal and opposite couples must be
normal to the plane of the crosspiece.
If the crosspiece arm attached to CF is vertical, the plane of the crosspiece is normal to CF, so the couple M C
is along CF.
(a) FBD CDE: ΣM x = 0: M C − 50 N ⋅ m = 0 M C = 50 N ⋅ m
FBD BC: ΣM x′ = 0: M A − M C cos 30° = 0 M A = ( 50 N ⋅ m ) cos 30°
M A = 43.3 N ⋅ m W
(b) ΣM Cy′ = 0: M C sin 30° + ( 0.5 m ) Bz = 0 Bz = −

( 50 N ⋅ m )( 0.5) = −50 N
0.5 m
ΣM Cz = 0: − ( 0.5 m ) By = 0 By = 0 so B = − ( 50.0 N ) k W
ΣF = 0: B + C = 0 C = −B so C = ( 50 N ) k on BC
4
FBD CDE: ΣM Dy = 0: − ( 0.4 m ) C z − ( 0.6 m ) Ez = 0 Ez = − ( 50 N )   = −33.3 N
6
ΣM Dz = 0: E y = 0
ΣFx = 0: Ex = 0 so E = − ( 33.3 N ) k W
ΣF = 0: C + D + E = 0 − ( 50 N ) k + D − ( 33.3 N ) k = 0
D = ( 83.3 N ) k W
FBD Joint A:
By inspection of FBD of entire device, FA = w = 1500 lb
By symmetry, FAB = FAC
 1 
ΣFy = 0: 1500 lb − 2  FAC  = 0, FAC = 750 5 lb
 5 
FBD CDF:
ΣFx = 0: Dx − Fx −
2
5
(
750 5 lb = 0, )
Dx − Fx = 1500 lb (1)
ΣFy = 0: Fy − D y +
1
5
(
750 5 lb = 0, )
Dy − Fy = 750 lb (2)
 1   2 
ΣM D = 0: (4.6 ft) 
 5
( 
)
750 5 lb  + ( 0.6 ft ) 
 5
(
750 5 lb 

)
FBD EF:
− (1 ft ) Fy − ( 3.6 ft ) Fx = 0,
3.6 Fx + Fy = 4350 lb (3)
By symmetry: Ex = Dx , E y = Dy (4), (5)

w
Hy = Jy = = 750 lb, H y = 750 lb !
2
ΣM F = 0: ( 3 ft ) E y − ( 3.6 ft ) Ex − (1 ft ) H y + ( 0.6 ft )( 750 lb ) = 0
3.6Ex − 3E y + H y = 450 lb (6)
ΣFx = 0: Dx + Fx − H x = 0, (7)
Solving Eqns, (1)–(7), on EFH Fx = 540 lb !
Fy = 2410 lb !
E x = 2040 lb !
E y = 3160 lb !
H x = 2580 lb !
H y = 750 lb !
FBD Truss:
ΣM E = 0: ( 9 ft ) Fy − ( 6.75 ft )( 4 kips ) − (13.5 ft )( 4 kips ) = 0
Fy = 9 kips
ΣFy = 0: − E y + 9 kips = 0 E y = 9 kips
ΣFx = 0: − Ex + 4 kips + 4 kips = 0 E x = 8 kips
By inspection of joint E: FEC = 9.00 kips T !
FEF = 8.00 kips T !

Joint FBDs:
Joint F: By inspection of joint B: FAB = 0 !
FBD = 0 !
4
ΣFx = 0: FCF − 8 kips = 0 FCF = 10.00 kips C !
5
3
Joint C: ΣFy = 0: FDF − (10 kips) = 0 FDF = 6.00 kips T !
5
4
ΣFx = 0: 4 kips − (10 kips ) + FCD = 0
5
FCD = 4.00 kips T !
3
ΣFy = 0: FAC − 9 kips + (10 kips ) = 0
5
FAC = 3.00 kips T !
Joint A: 4
ΣFx = 0: 4 kips − FAD = 0 FAD = 5.00 kips C !
5
FBD Truss:
ΣM A = 0: ( 6 ft )  6Ly − 3 ( 0.5 kip ) − 2 (1 kip ) − 1(1 kip )  = 0
L y = 0.75 kip
Inspection of joints K , J , and I , in order, shows that FJK = 0 !
FIJ = 0 !
FHI = 0 !
Joint FBDs:
and that FIK = FKL ; FHJ = FJL and FGI = FIK
0.75 F F
= JL = KL FJL = 2.1213 kips FJL = 2.12 kips C !
1 8 5
FKL = 1.6771 kips FKL = 1.677 kips T !
and, from above: FHJ = 2.12 kips C !
FGI = FIK = 1.677 kips T !
2 1
ΣFx = 0: ( FFH + FGH ) − ( 2.1213 kips ) = 0
5 2
1 1
ΣFy = 0: ( FGH + FFH ) + ( 2.1213 kips ) = 0
5 2
Solving: FFH = 2.516 kips FFH = 2.52 kips C !
FGH = − 0.8383 kips FGH = 0.838 kips T !
2
ΣFx = 0: ( FDF − 2.516 kips ) = 0 FDF = 2.52 kips C
5
1
ΣFy = 0: FFG − 0.5 kip + ( 2 )( 2.516 kips ) = 0
5
FFG = 1.750 kips T !
FBD Truss:
ΣM F = 0: (10 m ) G y − ( 7.5 m )( 80 kN ) − ( 8 m )( 30 kN ) = 0
G y = 84 kN
ΣFx = 0: − Fx + 30 kN = 0 Fx = 30 kN
ΣFy = 0: Fy + 84 kN − 80 kN = 0 Fy = 4 kN
By inspection of joint G: FEG = 0 !
FCG = 84 kN C !
84 kN F F
Joint FBDs: = CE = AC = 10.5 kN FCE = 82.0 kN T !
8 61 29
FAC = 56.5 kN C !
2 6
ΣFy = 0: FAE + (82.0 kN ) − 80 kN = 0
5 61
FAE = 19.01312 FAE = 19.01 kN T !
1 5
ΣFx = 0: − FDE − (19.013 kN ) + (82.0 kN ) = 0
5 61
FDE = 43.99 kN FDE = 44.0 kN T !
1
ΣFx = 0: FDF − 30 kN = 0
5
FDF = 67.082 kN FDF = 67.1 kN T !
2
ΣFy = 0: ( 67.082 kN ) − FBF − 4 kN = 0
5
FBF = 56.00 kN FBF = 56.0 kN C !
5 5
ΣFx = 0: 30 kN + FBD − FAB = 0
61 29
6 3
ΣFy = 0: 56 kN − FBD − FAB = 0
61 29
Solving: FBD = 42.956 kN FBD = 43.0 kN T !
FAB = 61.929 kN FAB = 61.9 kN C !
6 2
ΣFy = 0: ( 42.956 N ) + ( FAD − 67.082 N ) = 0
61 5
FAD = 30.157 kN FAD = 30.2 N T !
FBD Truss:
ΣFx = 0: A x = 0
By load symmetry, A y = I y = 8 kips
FBD Section:
ΣM D = 0: ( 7 ft )( 2 kips − 8 kips ) + ( 3 ft ) ( FCE ) = 0

FCE = 14 kips FCE = 14.00 kips T W
ΣM E = 0: ( 7 ft ) 1( 4 kips ) + 2 ( 2 kips − 8 kips )

7
( 4.5 ft ) FDF = 0
51.25
8 51.25
FDF = kips FDF = 12.73 kips C W
4.5
1.5 8 51.25 3
ΣFy = 0: 8 kips − 2 kips − 4 kips + kips − FDE = 0
51.25 4.5 58
FDE = −1.692 kips FDE = 1.692 kips C W
FBD Section:
p = 8.4 ( 2.7 m ) = 1.89 m

Note: BG
12.0
ΣM A = 0: ( 2.7 m ) FFG − ( 3.6 m )(8 kN ) − ( 7.8 m )(8 kN ) − (12 m )( 4 kN ) = 0

FFG = 51.56 kN FFG = 51.6 kN C W
(1.89 m )  
12
ΣM G = 0: FAB  − ( 4.2 m )( 8 kN ) − ( 8.4 m )( 4 kN ) = 0
 12.3 
FAB = 36.44 kN FAB = 36.4 kN T W
( 4.2 m )(8 kN ) + (8.4 m )(8 kN ) − ( 8.4 m )  

3
ΣM D = 0: FAG  = 0 FAG = 20.0 kN T W
 5 
FBD Truss:
ΣM A = 0: ( 24 ft ) K x − (18 ft )( 2 kips ) − ( 36 ft )( 2 kips ) = 0

K x = 4.5 kips
FBD Section:
ΣM F = 0: (12 ft )( 4.5 kips ) − (18 ft )( 2 kips ) − ( 36 ft )( 2 kips ) + ( 36 ft ) FEJ = 0

FEJ = 1.500 kips T W
ΣM J = 0: (18 ft )( 2 kips ) + (12 ft )( 4.5 kips ) − ( 36 ft ) FAF =0
FAF = 2.50 kips T W
FBD Frame:
ΣM F = 0: (10.8 ft ) Ay − (12 ft )( 4.5 kips ) = 0

A y = 5.00 kips W
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 4.5 kips = 0
A x = 4.50 kips W
FBD member ABC:
Note: BE is a two-force member
ΣM C = 0: (12 ft ) FBE + (10.8 ft )( 5 kips ) − (18 ft )( 4.5 kips ) = 0

FBE = 2.25 kips W
ΣFx = 0: Cx + 2.25 kips − 4.5 kips = 0
C x = 2.25 kips W
ΣFy = 0: C y − 5 kips = 0
C y = 5.00 kips W
FBD Frame:
ΣM E = 0: ( 3.75 in.) Bx + (8.75 in.)( 75 lb ) = 0

Bx = 175 lb B x = 175.0 lb W
ΣFx = 0: Ex − Bx = 0 E x = 175.0 lb W
ΣFy = 0: E y + By − 75 lb = 0
FBD member ACE:
By = 75 lb − E y
ΣM C = 0: − (1.25 in.)( 75 lb ) + ( 3.75 in.)(175 lb ) − ( 4.5 in.) E y = 0
E y = 125.0 lb W
Thus By = 75 lb − 125 lb = −50 lb
B y = 50.0 lb W
FBD Frame:
P = 15 N Q = 65 N
ΣM D = 0: ( 0.25 m )( P + Q ) − (.15 m )( P + Q ) − ( 0.08 m ) Ex =0
Ex = 1.2 ( P + Q ) = 100 N (b) E x = 100.0 N W
ΣFx = 0: Dx − Ex = 0 = Dx − 100 N Dx = 100 N
(a) D x = 100.0 N W
ΣFy = 0: E y − Dy − 2P − 2Q = 0
FBD member BF: E y = D y + 2 ( P + Q ) = Dy + 160 N
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.15 m )( 65 N ) − ( 0.1 m ) Dy − ( 0.04 m )(100 N )

− ( 0.25 m )(15 N ) = 0
Dy = 20 N (a) D y = 20.0 N W
From above E y = 20 N + 160 N = 180 N (b) E y = 180.0 N W
ΣFx = 0: − C x + 100 N = 0
(a) C x = 100.0 N W
ΣFy = 0: − 65 N + C y − 20 N − 15 N = 0
(a) C y = 100.0 N W
Member FBDs:
FBD I:
ΣM C = 0: R ( FBD sin 30° )
−  R (1 − cos 30° )  ( 200 N ) − R ( 100 N ) = 0
FBD = 253.6 N (b) FBD = 254 N T W
ΣFx = 0: − C x + ( 253.6 N ) cos 30° = 0
C x = 219.6 N
ΣFy = 0: C y + ( 253.6 N ) sin 30° − 200 N − 100 N = 0
C y = 173.2 N (c) so C = 280 N 38.3° W
FBD II: ΣM A = 0: aP − a ( 253.6 N ) cos 30°  = 0
(a) P = 220 N W
FBD jaw AB:

ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0
ΣM B = 0: ( 0.01 m ) G − ( 0.03 m ) A = 0
G
A=
3
ΣFy = 0: A + G − By = 0
4G
By = A + G =
3
FBD handle ACE:
G
By symmetry and FBD jaw DE: D = A = , Ex = Bx = 0,
3
4G
E y = By =
3
G 4G
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.105 m )( 240 N ) + ( 0.015 m ) − ( 0.015 m ) =0
3 3
G = 1680 N W
Note: By symmetry the vertical components of pin forces C and D are

zero.
FBD handle ACF: (not to scale)
ΣFy = 0: Ay = 0
ΣM C = 0: (13.5 in.)( 20 lb ) − (1.5 in.) Ax = 0 Ax = 180 lb
ΣFx = 0: C − Ax − 20 lb = 0 C = (180 + 20 ) lb = 200 lb
FBD blade DE:
ΣM D = 0: ( 9 in.) E − ( 3 in.)(180 lb ) = 0
E = 60.0 lb W

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Sol Cap 06 - Edicion 8 PDF

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COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FCD FAD 500 lb

This is apparent by inspection, as is FAC = C y

By symmetry: FAE = FAB = 6.71 kN T W

FAD = FAC = 10.00 kN C W

FDE = FBC = 6.00 kN C W

ΣM A = 0: (10.2 m ) C y + ( 2.4 m )(15 kN ) − ( 3.2 m )( 49.5 kN ) = 0

FBD = 30.375 kN; FBD = 30.4 kN C W

FAD = 40.625 kN; FAD = 40.6 kN T W

By inspection: FAB = 12.00 kips C W

Joint E: by inspection: FCF = 0 W

First note that, by inspection of joint H: FCH = 0 !

and FDH = FGH

then, by inspection of joint C: FCG = 0 !

and FBC = FCD

then, by inspection of joint G: FBG = 0 !

and FFG = FGH

and FAB = FBC

FCD FDH 10 kips

FDH = 26.0 kips C !

Chapter 6, Solution 10.

by inspection of joints C and G : FAC = FCE and FBC = 0 W

FAC = 4.00 kips T W

and, from above, FFH = 5.00 kips C W

and FCE = FEG = FGH = 4.00 kips T W

so FBD = 3.9772 kips, FBE = 0.23810 kips

Chapter 6, Solution 11.

by inspection of joint C, FAC = FCE and FBC = 0 W

by inspection of joint D, FBD = FDF and FDE = 6.00 kN C W

Chapter 6, Solution 12.

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0

and FAB = FEG , FAC = FFG , FBC = FEF

Chapter 6, Solution 13.

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: A x = 0

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2.8 kN − 4.2 kN + 2.8 kN = 0

FBC = 1.6 2 kN, FBC = 2.26 kN C !

By inspection of joint E, FDE = FEG and FEF = 0 !

from above (joint E) FDE = 10.00 kN C !

Chapter 6, Solution 14.

ΣM A = 0: 4a H y − 3a (1.5 kN) − 2a (2 kN)

Joint FBDs: FAB FAC 2.625 kN

FAC = 14.6597 kN, FAC = 14.66 kN T !

By inspection of joint C: FCE = FAC = 14.66 kN T, FBC = 0 !

FBD = 10.0971 kN, FBD = 10.10 kN C !

FBE = 5.0000 kN, FBE = 5.00 kN C !

Joint D: By symmetry: FDF = 10.0971 kN, FDF = 10.10 kN C !

FGH FFH 2.625 kN

FGH = 13.3849 kN FGH = 13.38 kN T !

By inspection of joint G: FEG = FGH = 13.38 kN T and FFG = 0 !

Chapter 6, Solution 15.

ΣM A = 0: 8a ( J y − 1 kN) − 7a (1 kN) − 6a (2.8 kN)

− 4a (4.5 kN) − 2a (4 kN) − a(1 kN) = 0

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1 kN − 1 kN − 1.4 kN − 4.5 kN − 2.8 kN

By inspection of joint F: FEF = 0 !

Joint E: By symmetry: FDE = FEG

Joint D: FDF = 6.00 kN T !

Chapter 6, Solution 16.

FBD Truss: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0

ΣM A = 0: 8a( J y − 1 kN) − 7a(1 kN) − 6a(2.8 kN)

− 4a(4.5 kN) − 2a(4 kN) − a(1 kN) = 0

ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1 kN − 1 kN − 1.4 kN − 4.5 kN − 2.8 kN

By inspection of joint F, FEF = 0 !

Chapter 6, Solution 17.