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I. Modified True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is always correct. If the statement is false, CHANGE the
underlined word/s to make the statement correct.
_________________1. Presence of catalysts speeds up the rate and increases the yield of reactions.
_________________2. In determining rate laws using transition state theory, the net change of concentration of
intermediates is equal to zero.
_________________3. The green-colored cobalt (III) ion hastens the oxidation of tartrate by hydrogen peroxide.
_________________4. A reaction mechanism is a step-by-step description of a chemical reaction consisting of a
series of elementary processes.
_________________5. In the Ellingham Diagram, the slope of the curve obtained by plotting ΔG versus T is
equal to the ΔS of the system.
_________________6. A second-order bimolecular reaction can be reduced to pseudo-first order reaction if the
concentration of one reactant is very high and remains essentially constant.
_________________7. Transition states are species that do not appear in the overall chemical reaction and
overall rate law, but can be isolated under certain conditions.
_________________8. If heat is released by the system and work is done by the system, the process has a
positive ΔU.
_________________9. If a reaction is said to be spontaneous at all temperatures, then its enthalpy and entropy
are always negative.
_________________10. A spontaneous reaction that is strongly endothermic is enthalpy-driven.
II. Cause and Effect. Predict the effect (INCREASE, DECREASE, NO EFFECT, INDETERMINATE) of the given condition
in Column A on the indicated parameter in Column B.
Column A (CONDITION) Column B (PARAMETER) EFFECT
1. The cork with thermometer was not Magnitude of measured
completely inserted in the test tube. qcalorimeter
2. In the calibration of the calorimeter, ∆Hrxn of water
the HCl solution was not diluted to
mark.
3. The cork stopper was placed a minute Experimental ∆Hrxn
after the reaction took place.
4. The second dry ice slab was not placed Amount of graphite formed
immediately after ignition of the Mg
ribbon.
5. Several minutes were needed before ∆G of formation of magnesium
the Mg ribbon could be ignited and oxide
burned completely.
6. Cu2+ was added to the solution Rate of reaction
containing permanganate and oxalate.
7. Water used to prepare the KI solution Rate of reaction
was found to be contaminated with
Cu2+ ions.
8. Excess HCl was added to the Rate constant
thiosulfate solution.
9. The cork with thermometer was not Magnitude of measured
completely inserted in the test tube. qcalorimeter
1. For the reaction A products, the following data were obtained: t = 0 s, [A] = 0.715 M; 22 s, 0.605 M; 74 s,
0.345 M; 132 s, 0.055 M. What is the half-life of the reaction?
A. 24 s C. 48 s
B. 72 s D. 96 s
2. The change in slope in the linear curve of an Ellingham diagram indicates which of the following?
A. Heating at Constant Pressure
B. Heating at Constant Volume
C. Isothermal Phase Change
D. Isobaric Phase Change
3. What is the change in internal energy of a system if the system evolves 280 cal of heat and has 1.25 kJ of work
done on it?
A. +2.42 kJ C. -2.42 kJ
B. -0.08 kJ D. +0.08 kJ
4. The activation energy for the isomerization of cyclopropane to propene is 274 kJ/mol. By what factor does the
rate of reaction increase as the temperature rises from 500:C to 550:C?
A. 11.31 C. 13.33
B. 0.088 D. 0.075
5. Which among the following reactions has a half-life that is independent of the original amount of solution?
A. Zero-order reactions
B. First-order reactions
C. Second-order reactions
D. None of the above
7. What is the final temperature of a system after 100.0 g of zinc at 95°C is immersed into 50.0 g of water at 15°C?
g
(CZn = 6.06 cal⁄mol K ; MWZn = 65.37 ⁄mol)
A. 28°C
B. 42°C
C. 30°C
D. 53°C
For items #8, #9 and #10: Given the following data for the reaction: NH3(g) + HCl(g) NH4Cl
∆H f : (kJ/mol) ∆G f : (kJ/mol)
NH3(g) -46.11 -16.48
HCl(g) -92.31 -95.30
NH4Cl -314.4 -202.9
8. Determine the ∆H:rxn for the reaction using the reaction using the given values.
A. +176 kJ C. -452.8 kJ
B. -176 kJ D. +452.8 kJ
10. What is the minimum temperature (in :C) in which the reaction will not occur spontaneously?
A. Starting at 345 :C C. Starting at 618 :C
B. Starting at 25:C D. Starting at 298 :C
13. What is the qrxn for the reaction below if 0.75 g of Na(s) (µ = 23.0 g/mol) reacts with excess H2O?
1
a(s) H2 (l) H a H(aq) 184 J
2 2 (g)
A. 6.0 kJ
B. -6.0 kJ
C. 12 kJ
D. -3.0 kJ
A. I only
B. I and II
C. I and III
D. None of the above.
1. For Questions 1-3, Please refer to the following Ellingham Diagram. The ΔG* values are for the XIDATI (e.g.
2Ag + O2 --> 2Ag2O) reactions of the compounds whose formula is listed on top of the plots.
A. Complete the statement: A change in the slope of a line in the Diagram indicates a _________.
B. Given the following information from Ti2 oxidation: ΔG*500C= -800 KJ/mol, ΔG*750C= -750 KJ/mol,
ΔG*1000C= -700 KJ/mol, and ΔG*1250C= -650 KJ/mol calculate ΔS* of the reaction.
C. Determine ΔH* for the formation of Ca
2. For the reaction A products, the following data give [A] as a function of time: (General Chemistry 10th Ed.,
Petrucci, Chapter 14 Problem 25)
3. Newly explored fuel composed of a mixture of CH4 (g) and C2 H6 (g) only was analyzed using thermodynamics.
Upon complete combustion, initially at STP, a 1.00 L sample of gas releases 43.6 kJ. However, since the scientist
had no access to reference materials during the experiment, he had to experimentally determine the enthalpies
of the 2 gases. 20.00 mL of C2 H6 (g) initially under STP was initially placed under a bomb calorimeter with a
J
heat capacity of 472.0 ⁄ C . After combustion, it was determined that the temperature rose to 27.89°C. After
conducting this experiment, you, being a good friend, gave the following data to the scientist. Coincidentally, it
is the data needed to determine the enthalpy of combustion of CH4 (g).
1
C (g) 2 (g) C 2 (g) ∆H° = -283.0 kJ
2
4. The following mechanism has been proposed for the gas-phase reaction of nitrogen dioxide and fluorine:
5. For the hypothetical reaction aA b cC dD eE, the following data were obtained: