Practise recognising the difference between first-order and second-order rules.

Here’s a first-order rule for two sets. The variable is the type of side (curved v
straight):

 Set A: All shapes have curved sides

 Set B: All shapes have straight sides

Here’s a second-order rule for two sets. More than one variable is used (the type of
shape, and its location)

 Set A: All shapes have curved sides. One square is in the bottom-left corner
 Set B: All shapes have straight sides. One circle is in the bottom-right corner

You can see how the second-order rule is more complex. Identifying relationships
within the questions is an essential skill in Abstract Reasoning.

Look out for common distractors

These are designed to make it more difficult for you to identify what’s important. You
might find larger shapes, random shading, or irrelevant images. The important thing
is to stay focused on what you’re examining, and ignore obvious distractions.

Learn mnemonics
This is a powerful technique for helping you remember things. You can create your own
acronym or phrase by incorporating letters or words.

In Abstract Reasoning, you may need a mnemonic for pattern recognition. Here’s our
version: NSPC

 Number
 Shape
 Position
 Colour

When trying to uncover patterns in shapes, try the NSPC mnemonic. It’ll help ensure a
methodical approach, plus its familiarity will help to relax you.

You’ll find the more you practise, the faster you’ll recognise patterns, develop methodology,
and uncover rules.