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Army Air Forces Continental Airfields ETO PDF
Army Air Forces Continental Airfields ETO PDF
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I T A L Y
Research oiuision
USAF HISIOPICal Research Center
Maxwell AIP Force Base. Alabama
1988
U .S . ARMY AIR FORCES
CONTINENTAL AIRFIELDS
(ETO)
D-DAY TO V-E DAY
by
Research Division
USAF Historical Research Center
Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama
1 December 1988
Page
Sect ion
1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
12
U .S . ARMY AIR FORCES CONTINENTAL AIRFIELD (ETO) LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INTRODUCTION
When the Allies invaded Normandy on D-Day, the 6th of June 1944, US Army
Air Forces (USAAF) engineers were among those in the initial assault waves .
advanced across France and into Germany, several hundred airfields were built
or rehabilitated for use by the allied air forces . For security reasons, the
In the
airstrips were referred to by a coded number instead of location .
United Kingdom, USAAF installations were identified by three digit (AAF) num-
the European Theater of Operations (ETO) were also assigned coded numbers .
American airfields were given A-, Y-, or R-, prefixes and numbered con-
activities in
The bulk of primary source material dealing with USAAF
number, thereby
Western Europe refers to the various airfields only by code
a reference
making it difficult or impossible to identify an airfield without
designed
Unlike the permanent airfields built in the United Kingdom and
continent were tem-
for the strategic bombardment of Germany, airfields on the
air forces to
porary, often improvised airfields to be used by the tactical
. To provide
support the advancing ground armies engaged on the battlefield
J . Anderson's
*For a comprehensive listing of AAF codes, see Capt Barry
Arm Air Forces
Arm Air Forces Stations, A Guide to the Stations Where U .S .
War II, published by the
Personnel Served in the United Kingdom Durin World
Maxwell AFB, Alabama,
Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center,
31 January 1985 .
the maximum close air support for the invasion force, it was desirable for the
tactical forces to be based within one hundred miles of the front lines .l
Since the battle lines could change dozens of miles in a single day, the
requirement was for a mobile air force that could rapidly construct and occupy
This responsibility was placed in the hands of USAAF's Ninth Air Force and
its specially created engineering arm, the IX Engineer Command . Each aviation
engineer battalion in the command (of a total of sixteen) was composed of suf
for a single tactical fighter or bomb group unit . Based on the experience
obtained in the North African and Italian campaigns, fighter groups required
an airfield 120 feet x 3600 feet long, and fighter-bomber groups required
fields 120 feet x 5000 feet long (Figure 1) . Medium bomb groups required 120
feet x 6000 feet runways (Figure 2) . Instead of using rough, unimproved dirt
support the weight of the aircraft and as a measure of insurance against the
wet weather . 2
grounds during the first weeks after the Normandy invasion was known as square-
mesh track (SMr) . SMP, a British development, was material composed of heavy
V5' v
r' t 1.
TO 1511 .
4RRI,~
_ TneoLIeST[7a.rs~E
75UARDSTANV5 farPRIORITY SERVICE ROAD 5TABIUL¬D AND DOW FACILITIES
i bRIMP~ROVED~TH "Y
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MOTOR PARK ETL
LEGEND
,
1 51) 5LIRFACE
'UADED 6 COMn4CTED EARTH
CLEARED GRO144D
IX ENGINEER COMMAND
TYPICAL LAYOUT
I GROUP FIGHTER BOMBER
I F I LLET '
OAF
PS P DETAIL
FIG. I WARDSTAND DETAILS REVI51ON5
SCALE : 45 NOTED
~~
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6DkPTATION
.{ NOTES'. TECUNIC6,L SITE TOME AN
(- OF EXISTING G~-ILITIE9 NEB CONSTRUCT-
1, 1j
1ONTCIBRINCl1?To MM1MLIM REGILIIREE7
BY1%EC OAF, STANDARDS In
SEE
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RUNWAY TO BE 1N DIRflclto" OFYREYAILIN6
;m FE "STBLE.
-05
6ASQLINE" STOR "GE : 72,OWLA~ AVN.LAS
1 O,SOO LWSp4'OC~ . LAS
LEGEND
ASP 51lRCACE
IRADEDLCOMPACTED EART13
CLEARED- G-"U
IX ENGINEECi COMMAND
TYPICAL LAYOUT
Ii
MEDIUM BOMBER
WARDSTAND DETAIL FILLET P5P DETAIL 5cOL .E : ASNOTEn
OAF
RE VI S I O NS
WEADQUWfERS
IX __PNGINEER COMiAAND
N NAME DAT
_ .,
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Figure 2 4ppROVALRE M fcNG
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wire joined in three-inch squares . It was chosen over other surfacing
Easily workable, a SMf landing mat for fighters could be layed like a carpet
Before the end of the day, an emergency landing strip was completed at
Mer (A-21), thus becoming the first wartime American airfield in. the con-
SMf . Several of these fields were initially used by Ninth Air Force groups on
at the forward field, conduct their missions and then return to England if
Air Force decided to use its fighters in a fighter-bomber role, thus requiring
all planned fighter fields on the continent be built as 120 feet x 5000 feet
the end of June 1944, eight Ninth Air Force fighter groups were conducting
beachhead . 5
After the initial batch of airfields was completed using SMr, the Army
easily transportable, PHS did not create the dust problem encountered with SMr
build airstrips using both SNP and PHS, laying SMT on top.
To provide an all season durable airfield for the Ninth Air Force's
medium and light bombers, a third type of surfacing material known as pierced
steel plank (PSP)*, was introduced on the Normandy bridgehead in July 1944 .
It consisted of 10 feet long, 15 inch wide steel planks joined together and
layed perpendicular to the line of flight . Long used in other theaters, PSP
would have been ideal for all airfields on the continent, but its limited
month or longer, while similar PHS and SMr fields could be constructed in two
By the end of July 1944, all but three of the Ninth Air Force's twenty
fighter groups were based on the SMT and PHS-constructed advanced landing
grounds on the continent . 8 The rapid advance of the Allied armies following
the breakout through the Normandy hedgerow country produced a new rush of
airfield construction as the tactical air force units sought to keep pace with
units as they alternately occupied and abandoned airfields behind the front
lines . The airfield construction policy following the breakout of the beach-
airstrips, enough to provide room for the fighter groups of a tactical air
During this time of constant movement in late 1944, almost all new air-
fields built used PHS material . So swift was the allied offensive, however,
that the airfields were almost out of effective range of the front before they
were cleared of mines and craters and repaired . In fact, it was found that
transport, supply, and evacuation fields as the Allied armies pushed past
Paris toward the German frontier . In late 1944, supplies could not keep pace
with General Eisenhower's forces, and to help lessen the supply shortage,
1.20 feet x 3,000+ feet airfields for C-47 planes became a priority (Figure 3) .
Bringing in ammo and gasoline, the C-47's on the return trip evacuated wounded
to the rear .
LECEnD
P% :%-11 P5P SURFACE
CRIZM GRADEDLC.(7NPACTED EARTH
CLEARED GROUND
ROLR SURFACE
nE V IS IONS
D N4 NAME DATE MEADQUA.RTERS
FOP. PL
C ScyE
ONLY
IX ENGINEERCOMMAND
DstAWNnY : W CNEC ED Y'. L:AT : 4/t 45
2 "" ze!
SVDm1TTED ET-
Figure 3 APPROVAL REC DE ' ~+ G
ADDOOVE A"5 C 52
fields in their zone- 11 In Southern France, another twenty or so fields had
(MM) . In October these uncoded Mr'o airfields were assigned to the M and
France in mid-September 1944, which would last into the new year, allowed
aviation engineers a chance to reorganize and prepare for the upcoming winter
season . As expected, they could not build new PHS and SMf strips during the
fall rain and winter snow seasons because of the moist ground . Besides
concrete, the American--made PSP was the only available surfacing material that
could be laid down during this inclement weather in Europe . Selected air-
fields in Belgium and France were therefore "winterized" with PSP . Because of
the limited supply of PSP, however, only a limited number of airfields could
But
airfield . 12 sufficient fighter-bomber and medium bomber airfields were
completed that winter to ensure Ninth Air Force aircraft could continue flying
combat missions .
The major problem affecting airfield construction in early 1945 was not
only one airfield -- Y-39, Hagenau) . Rather, an early February thaw threatened
to make airfields inoperable due to the mud and water . Using local civilian
The renewed allied offensive in early 1945, following the Battle of the
Bulge, was supported in earnest by the building of tactical airfields in
American airfield on German soil on 10 March 1945 . When a crossing over the
Rhine River was spearheaded at Remagen, Germany, a supply and evacuation strip
was quickly set up to support the bridgehead . As Allied tank colurens struck
out rapidly into the heartland of Germany, the airfield "clutches" of the
Ninth Air Force's tactical air commands moved east of the Rhine river within
range of virtually any target in Germany . 14 Scores of Luftwaffe sod and hard
damaged, lessening the requirement for SMT, PHS, and PSP prefabricated sur-
facing . The relative lack of German military opposition in late March, April
and May of 1945 lessened the need for close air support and produced a greater
demand for supply strips to keep the offensive moving . 15 Every opportunity
was used to clear captured German airfields for use along the armies' route,
allowing C-47's and other transports to land with food, gas, and ammunition .
The supply effort received top airfield priority . By V-E Day, 9 May 1945, 76
of the 126 airfields made operational east of the Rhine river were strictly
fields in the EPU from D-Day to V-E Day (Figure 4, located at end of guide) .
In the summer months that followed, a few new airfields were constructed, but
dozens more were abandoned . The airfield coding system remained in effect
until after the Japanese surrender in the Pacific, when, on 14 September 1945,
10
REFERENCES
2. Ibid, p. 8-9 .
3. Ibid ; and "The History of IX Engineer Command," in UGAFHRC 544 .01 (1943--
1945), p . 151-152 .
11 . Argument to V-E Day , p. 569 ; and "IX Engineer Command," Annex #5, Final
Airfield Status Charts .
This listing is divided into three parts . Part I, the numerical listing,
includes all USAAF continental airfield codes . Part II, the alphabetical
listing, includes official and alternative names of the airfields . Part III
is a listing of British (B-) continental airfields as of l July 1945 .
Explanation of terms :
Code No . The Army Air Forces code number assigned . Alternative codes
appear in parenthesis .
Airfield
Combat Units _Staticned Date . USAAF combat units assigned to the airfield
between 6 June 1944 to 9 May 1945 . The primary units listed are combat
groups . Squadrons are listed only when the squadron is assigned to an
airfield different from its parent group . Units above the group level
are not listed . If no major combat unit occupied the field, the type of
field is given . Various French Air Force (FAF) and Royal Air Force (RAF)
units that were assigned to these airfields are not listed .
The dates given were obtained from the official lineage and honors
histories in Maurer Maurer's Air Force Combat Units of World War II and
Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II . Discrepancies were
resolved by a check of the actual unit histories on file at the USAF
Historical Research Center .
12
PART I - NUMERICAL LISTING
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
ODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/I)OCATICN OP DATE RELEASE OaMRAT UNITS STATICNED/DATE
*Consisting of the lst, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Trp Carr Path Sqs (Proms)
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE RELEASE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
A-60 Beaumont sur Oise, Fr 26-9-44 17-7-45 386th Bomb Gp Oct 44-Apr 45
410th Bomb Gp May-,Tun 45
A-87 Charleroi, Belg 14-9-44 10-8-45 67th Tac Rec Gp Sep 44-Mar 45
Det, 39th Photo Rec Sq Feb-Mar 45
*Consisting of the 162nd Tac Rec Sq, 111th Tac Rec Sq and 34th Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE RELEASE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
CODE NO .
Y-10 Le Culot/East, BeIg 26-10-44 25-6-45 363rd Tac Rec Gp Oct 44-Mar 45
Det, 39th Photo Rec Sq Feb-Mar 45
*Consisting of the 34th Photo Rec Sq, 111th Tac Rec Sq, 162nd Tac Rec Sq and Det, 23rd Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
AIRFIELD NAME/LCX.ATION OP DATE RELEASE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
ODDE NO .
Y-29 Asch, Belg 20-11-44 20-6-45 366th Ftr Gp, Nov 44-Apr 45
Det, 352nd Ftr Gp, Dec 44-Jan 45
406th Ftr Gp, Feb-Apr 45
391st Bomb Gp, Apr-May 45
Y-33 Thionville, Fr 29-11-44 Fr, 19-6-45 Tnspt Field, Tac Air Depot
*Ccnsisting of the 31st Tac Rec Sq and the 39th Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
RELEASE
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
Y-61 Krefeld, Ger 28-3-45 15-6-45 F/B Field, Tac Air Depot
Y-64 Ober Olm, Ger 27-3-45 20-6-45 loth Photo Gp (Rec) Apr 45
354th Ftr Gp Apr 45
*Consisting of the 31st Tac Rec Sq, 162d Tac Rec Sq, 39th Photo Rec Sq, and 155th Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LCX':ATION OP DATE RELEASE CON1AT UNITS STATIONMIDAT-
R-14 Detmold, Ger 11-4-45 22-6-45 S & E Field, Tac Air Depot
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE RELEASE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
A-60 Beaumont sur Oise, Fr 26-9-44 17-7-45 386th Bomb Gp Oct 44-Apr 45
410th Bomb Gp May-Jun 45
A-87 Charleroi, Belg 14-9-44 10-8-45 67th Tac Rec Gp Sep 44-Mar 45
Det, 39th Photo Rec Sq Feb-Mar 45
*Consisting of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Trp Carr Path Sqs (Prov)
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LGC.ATION OP DATE RELEASE CHAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
R-14 Detmold, Ger 11-4-45 22-6-45 S & E Field, Tac Air Depot
*Consisting of the 34th Photo Rec Sq, 111th Tac Rec Sq, 162nd Tac Rec Sq and Det, 23rd Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE RELEASE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
CDDE NO .
Y-61 Krefeld, Ger 28-3-45 15-6-45 F/B Field, Tac Air Depot
Y-10 Le Culot/East, Belg 26-10-44 25-6-45 363rd Tac Rec Gp Oct 44 Mar 45
Det, 39th Photo Rec Sq Feb-Mar 45
*Consisting of the 31st Tac Rec Sq and the 39th Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE RELEASE ,T UNITS STATIONED/DATE
*Consisting of the 162nd Tac Rec Sq, 111th Tac Rec Sq and 34th Photo Rec Sq .
AIRFIELD
INITIAL DATE OF
CODE NO . AIRFIELD NAME/LOCATION OP DATE RELEASE COMBAT UNITS STATIONED/DATE
Y-33 Thionville, Fr 29-11-44 Fr, 19-6-45 Tnspt Field, Tac Air Depot
*Consisting of the 31st Tac Rec Sq, 162d Tac Rec Sq, 39th Photo Rec Sq, and 155th Photo Rec Sq .
PART III - BRITISH AIRFIELDS
(as of 1 July 1945)
79
CODE NO . NAME/LOCATION CODE NO . NAME/LOCATION
81
CODE NO. NAME/LOCATION
82
GLOSSARY of ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
83
AUGAFB, AL (892249) 500
ALUemrq
A " 23
B-92 a "Y-4, 63
" Y-BI
"r"
IOBLs"I"" Y" 67
AMIEMS 63 " T" 3
" Y" 91
" A72
- ~- ~VR7
"e-" B ""6 _A-71 `+Y60 "" " R "25
ll-~\ Y75
d6R66T~ 2 "A-73 - 4 " Y"73"Y_77
" Y" 7g WURZBIIRG
A-26 " A-61 "Y-3S " W' . "Y-76 R-24
A-20 R ""
OA- 61G OA-6B " Y-76 "Y" B9 " R" 6
A -I7 " R " 29
"RSa "T_63
A 31 " A"82G
A-IB A-56 »FNNNEIM " Y-92 " Y" 90 " NIIRExBER9
"A-SB
BW$T RBE,M6 " A-79 R,0
" %A-4!
A"30C "M7~A-p0 y " Y-89
99-24 " R-30
B PUNG "r-" 5 "R13" N "42
"A-29 r-r i. ~A-s" "A-63
OA-44j4
"A" " R-41
4$"A-44 R -27
" A" 31 4 RENNES " A-43 : 707TOAR7 "
3 ~ANUlE
" A-27 "A" 57 " A"36 "A" 37 " s-y " R"44
" A" 46 " R" 50
. LE
y xANS I
' T RA9900R9 "RiO~
" R-49
" A-3=A-50
" x-3636
ORLEANS-2
TOMRS
BILBAe