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Flange Design Calculations - by Abdel Halim Galala PDF
Flange Design Calculations - by Abdel Halim Galala PDF
According to ASME Code, Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Edition 2001, Addenda 2002 / TEMA "R" 7th Edition 88. Sheet : 1 of 10
Designed by : Eng. Abdel Halim Galala, Design General Manager (Assistant) Rev. : 0
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (WN) Main Shell Flange Thickness (item no. 4) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
Flange Material, [Attached by Bolts] ASME SA266 ClassSubjected to internal press.
o o
Design Temperature (shell side) 302 F 150 C
o o
Min. Design Metal Temperature, MDMT 53.6 F 12 C
o o
Bolt-up and Gasket Seating Temperature 86 F 30 C
Assume no corrosion, C [UG-25] 0.19685 INCH 5 MM
Operating Pressure (shell side) 241.477 PSIG 17 Kg/CM2G
Internal Design Pressure, P (MAWP) 284.776 PSIG 20.0483 Kg/CM2G
Allowable Stress of Bolt Material (ASME SA193 Gr. B7), SB :
* at design temp.(operating condition), Sb 25000 PSIG 1760 Kg/CM2G
* or at atmospheric temp./bolt-up temp. (gasket seating), Sa 25000 PSIG 1760 Kg/CM2G
Allowable Stress of Flange Material (ASME SA266 Class 2) :
* at design temp.(operating condition), SfH 20000 PSIG 1408 Kg/CM2G
* or at atmospheric temp./bolt-up temp. (gasket seating), SfC 20000 PSIG 1408 Kg/CM2G
Allowable Stress of Nozzle neck, Vessel or Pipe wall Material (ASME SA106 Gr. B) :
2
* at design temp.(operating condition), SnH 17100 PSIG 1203.84 Kg/CM G
2
* or at atmospheric temp./bolt-up temp.(gasket seating), SnC 17100 PSIG 1203.84 Kg/CM G
[Table 1A , SubPart 1 , ASME Sec. II , Part D]
Figure (1)
No. of bolts 28
Nominal bolt dia., dB 1 INCH 25.4 MM
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
[Attached by Bolts] Subjected to internal pressure
Nominal shell (pipe) size 20"
Pipe Schedule 30
No. of bolts 28
Nominal bolt dia., dB 1 INCH 25.4 MM
Bolt diameter at root of thread 0.88189 INCH 22.4 MM
2
Actual cross-sectional area of each bolt, [TEMA Table D-5] 0.551 INCH2 355.483 MM
2
Total actual cross-sectional area of bolts, Ab 15.428 INCH2 9953.53 MM
N.B. When b < 1/4", the effective gasket seating width, b = bo [Table 2-5.2]
N.B. When b > 1/4", the effective gasket seating width, b = 0.5*SQRT(bO) [Table 2-5.2]
DESIGN CALCULATIONS OF HEAT EXCHANGER Page : 38 of 136
According to ASME Code, Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Edition 2001, Addenda 2002 / TEMA "R" 7th Edition 88. Sheet : 3 of 10
Designed by : Eng. Abdel Halim Galala, Design General Manager (Assistant) Rev. : 0
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
[Attached by Bolts] Subjected to internal pressure
[Appendix 2-3]
Total required cross-sectional of bolts, Am = the greater of Am1 & Am2 5.70222 INCH2 3678.84 MM
2
Since area Ab > area Am, the bolts are adequately enough. OK
(e) Flange design bolt load, W :
- For operating conditions, Wo = Wm1 [Appendix 2-5(d)] 142556 lb 64662.2 Kg
- For gasket seating, Wa = 0.5(Am + Ab) * Sa [Appendix 2-5(d)] 264128 lb 119806 Kg
Gasket load (flange design bolt load - total hydrostatic end force), HG
Gasket seating force H G = Wm1 - H 39182.8 lb 17773 Kg
Difference bet. total hydrostatic end force and the hydrostatic end force on area inside of flange, HT
HT = H - HD 22671.4 lb 10283.6 Kg
Lever arms:
hD = R' + 0.5 g1 [Table 2-6] 2.17768 INCH 55.3131 MM
hG = (C - G) / 2 [Table 2-6] 1.51185 INCH 38.4011 MM
hT = (R' + g1 + hG) / 2 [Table 2-6] 2.09477 INCH 53.2071 MM
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
[Attached by Bolts] Subjected to internal presure
Flange Moments:
Component of moment due to HD, MD = HD hD [Appendix 2-3] 175742 lb-in 2024.77 Kg-M
Component of moment due to HG, MG = HG hG [Appendix 2-3] 59238.6 lb-in 682.503 Kg-M
Component of moment due to HT, MT = HT hT [Appendix 2-3] 47491.3 lb-in 547.16 Kg-M
U = 10 6.27534
1.36136 ( K 2 − 1)( K − 1)
g1/go 2
ho = SQRT(B go) 3.08221
h/ho 0.56203
From Appendix 2, FIG. 2-7.2: F 0.81225
From Appendix 2, FIG. 2-7.3: V 0.21166
From Appendix 2, FIG. 2-7.6: f 1.02557
d = (U/V) ho go2 (for integral type flanges) [APPENDIX 2-3] 22.8457 INCH3 374374 MM
3
-1
e = F / ho (for integral type flanges) [APPENDIX 2-3] 0.26353 INCH-1 0.01038 MM
DESIGN CALCULATIONS OF HEAT EXCHANGER Page : 40 of 136
According to ASME Code, Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Edition 2001, Addenda 2002 / TEMA "R" 7th Edition 88. Sheet : 5 of 10
Designed by : Eng. Abdel Halim Galala, Design General Manager (Assistant) Rev. : 0
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
[Attached by Bolts] Subjected to internal pressure
6. Calculation of flange actual stresses
Assume t 1.45669 INCH 37 MM
te + 1 t ^ 3
Factor L = + [Appendix 2-3] 0.928
T d
Where t = flange thickness
-1
factor e = F/ ho (for integral type flanges) [Appendix 2-3] 0.26353 INCH-1 0.01038 MM
e = FL/ ho (for loose type flanges) [Appendix 2-3] NA
F = factor for integral type flanges [Fig. 2-7.2] 0.81225
T = factor involving K [Fig. 2-7.1] 1.74578
d = (U/V) ho go2 [Appendix 2-3] 22.8457 INCH3 374374 MM3
For integral type flange, actual stresses (calculated) : [Fig. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
2
1. a. Longitudinal hub stress, operating SH = f Mo / L g12 B (6) [Appendix 2-7(a)] 23226.7 PSIG 1635.16 Kg/CM G
2
b. Longitudinal hub stress, seating SH = f Mo2 / L g12 B (6) [Appendix 2-7(a)] 23226.7 PSIG 1635.16 Kg/CM G
2
2. a. Radial flange stress, operating SR = (1.33 t e +1) Mo / L t2 B (7) [Appendix 2-7(a 16135.7 PSIG 1135.96 Kg/CM G
2
b. Radial flange stress, seating SR = (1.33 t e +1) Mo2 / L t2 B (7) [Appendix 2-7(a 16135.7 PSIG 1135.96 Kg/CM G
2
3. a. Tangential flange stress, operating ST = (Y Mo / t2 B) - Z SR (8) [Appendix 2-7(a)] 8620.34 PSIG 606.872 Kg/CM G
2
b. Tangential flange stress, seating ST = (Y Mo2 / t2 B) - Z SR (8) [Appendix 2-7(a)8620.34 PSIG 606.872 Kg/CM G
2
4. a. Flange stress, operating 0.5 (SH + SR) [Appendix 2-8(a)(4)] 19681.2 PSIG 1385.56 Kg/CM G
2
b. Flange stress, seating 0.5 (SH + SR) [Appendix 2-8(a)(4)] 19681.2 PSIG 1385.56 Kg/CM G
2
5. a. Flange stress, operating 0.5 (SH + ST) [Appendix 2-8(a)(4)] 15923.5 PSIG 1121.02 Kg/CM G
b. Flange stress, seating 0.5 (SH + ST) [Appendix 2-8(a)(4)] 15923.5 PSIG 1121.02 Kg/CM2G
6. a. Bolt stress, operating = Wm1 / Ab 9240.05 PSIG 650.5 Kg/CM2G
b. Bolt stress, seating = Wm2 / Ab 9037.19 PSIG 636.219 Kg/CM2G
7. a. Shear stress carried by the fillet weld 0 PSIG 0 Kg/CM2G
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
Subjected to internal pressure
Tangential Flange Stress ST = Sf [Appendix 2-8(a)(3)] 20000 > 8620.34
The calculated (actual) tangential stress S T < ST allowable
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
Subjected to internal pressure
Since all actual stresses are less than the allowable stresses, the
selection of t = 4.5 inch, is adequate. If an optimum min. thickness
of flange is desired, calculations must be operated with a smaller
value of t until one of the actual stresses or stress combination is
approximately equal to the allowable stress even though other
actual stresses are less than the allowable stress for that actual stress.
Flange thickness with C.A & RF = t + 2*corrosion all. + raised face 2.04724 INCH 52 MM
BOLT SUMMARY
Factor K = A/B 1.41939
Gasket width, N 0.59055 INCH 15 MM
Total required cross-sectional area of bolts 5.70222 INCH2 3678.84 MM2
Actual bolt cross-sectional area, Ab 15.428 INCH2 9953.53 MM2
Nominal bolt dia., dB 1 INCH 25.4 MM
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
FLANGE FACTORS Subjected to internal pressure
(a) For Integral Flanges E 6
Factor F per Fig. 2-7.2 is then solved by F = 3 0.81225
C (1 + A )
[ ]1/ 4
2.7 3 C
E4
Factor V per Fig. 2-7.3 is then solved by V = 0.21166
2.73 1/ 4
[ ] (1 + A ) 3
C
Factor f per Fig. 2-7.6 is then solved by f = C36 / (1 + A) 1.02557 h/SQRT(BGo 0.562026971
The values used in the above equations are solved using Eqs. (1) through (45) below based on the values g1, g0, h and ho
as defined by 2-3. When g1 = go, F = 0.908920, V = 0.550103, and f = 1; thus Eqs. (1) through (45) need not be solved.
⎛ 1 A⎞ ⎛ 1 11A ⎞ ⎛ 1 A ⎞ ⎛ 1 A ⎞
C 18 ⎜ + ⎟ + C 21 ⎜ + ⎟ + C 24 ⎜ + ⎟ − ⎜ − ⎟
⎝ 2 6 ⎠ ⎝ 4 84 ⎠ ⎝ 70 105⎠ ⎝ 40 72 ⎠
FL = 1/ 4
(1 + A )
1.435
⎛ C ⎞
3
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 .7 3 ⎠ C
1 C 3C 21
− 24 − − C18
Factor VL per Fig. 2-7.5 is solved by VL = 4 5 2
1/ 4 0.66229
⎛ 2.73 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ (1 + A ) 3
⎝ C ⎠
(1) A = (g1/go) - 1 1
(2) C = 43.68(h/ho)4 4.35824
(3) C1 = 1/3 + A/12 0.41667
(4) C2 = 5/42 + 17 A / 336 0.16964
(5) C3 = 1/210 + A/360 0.00754
(6) C4 = 11/360 + 59 A/5040 + (1+3 A)/C 0.96006
(7) C5 = 1/90 + 5 A/1008 - (1+ A)3/C -1.81953
DESIGN CALCULATIONS OF HEAT EXCHANGER Page : 44 of 136
According to ASME Code, Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Edition 2001, Addenda 2002 / TEMA "R" 7th Edition 88. Sheet : 9 of 10
Designed by : Eng. Abdel Halim Galala, Design General Manager (Assistant) Rev. : 0
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
FLANGE FACTORS (CONT.) Subjected to internal pressure
(8) C6 = 1/120 + 17 A/5040 +1 /C 0.24116
(9) C7 = 215/2772 + 51 A/1232 + (60/7 + 225 A/14 + 75A2/7 + 5 A3/2)/C 8.80529
(10) C8 = 31/6930 + 128 A/45045 + (6/7 + 15 A/7 + 12A2/7 + 5 A3/11)/C 1.19331
(11) C9 = 533/30240 + 653 A/73920 + (1/2 + 33 A/14 + 39 A2/28 + 25 A3/84)/C 1.06991
(12) C10 = 29/3780 + 3 A/704 - (1/2 + 33 A/14 + 81 A2/28 + 13 A3/12)/C -1.55598
(13) C11 = 31/6048 + 1763 A/665280 + (1/2 + 6 A/7 + 15 A2/28 + 5 A3/42)/C 0.46941
(14) C12 = 1/2925 + 71 A/300300 + (8/35 + 18 A /35 + 156 A2/385 + 6 A3/55)/C 0.28903
(15) C13 = 761/831600 + 937 A/1663200 + (1/35 + 6 A /35 + 11 A2/70 + 3 A3/70)/0.09326
(16) C14 = 197/415800 + 103 A/332640 - (1/35 + 6 A /35 + 17 A2/70 + A3/10)/C -0.12378
(17) C15 = 233/831600 + 97 A/554400 + (1/35 + 3 A /35 + A2/14 + 2 A3/105)/C 0.04744
(18) C16 = C1C7C12 + C2C8C3 + C3C8C2 - (C32C7 + C82C1 + C22C12) 0.46133
(19) C17 = [C4C7C12 + C2C8C13 + C3C8C9 - (C13C7C3 + C82C4 + C12C2C9)] / C16 2.2676
(20) C18 = [C5C7C12 + C2C8C14 + C3C8C10 - (C14C7C3 + C82C5 + C12C2C10)] / C16 -4.32293
(21) C19 = [C6C7C12 + C2C8C15 + C3C8C11 - (C15C7C3 + C82C6 + C12C2C11)] / C16 0.55926
(22) C20 = [C1C9C12 + C4C8C3 + C3C13C2 - (C32C9 + C13C8 C1 + C12C4C2)] / C16 0.0956
(23) C21 = [C1C10C12 + C5C8C3 + C3C14C2 - (C32C10 + C14C8 C1 + C12C5C2)] / C16 -0.11503
(24) C22 = [C1C11C12 + C6C8C3 + C3C15C2 - (C32C11 + C15C8 C1 + C12C6C2)] / C16 0.05056
(25) C23 = [C1C7C13 + C2C9C3 + C4C8C2 - (C3C7C4 + C8C9 C1 + C22C13)] / C16 -0.13119
(26) C24 = [C1C7C14 + C2C10C3 + C5C8C2 - (C3C7C5 + C8C10 C1 + C22C14)] / C16 0.15946
(27) C25 = [C1C7C15 + C2C11C3 + C6C8C2 - (C3C7C6 + C8C11 C1 + C22C15)] / C16 -0.05919
1/4
(28) C26 = - (C/4) -1.02168
(29) C27 = C20 - C17 - 5/12 + C17C26 -4.90543
(30) C28 = C22 - C19 - 1/12 + C19C26 -1.16343
1/2
(31) C29 = - (C/4) -1.04382
(32) C30 = - (C/4)3/4 -1.06644
(33) C31 = 3 A/2 - C17 C30 3.91827
(34) C32 = 1/2 - C19 C30 1.09642
(35) C33 = 0.5 C26C32 + C28C31C29 - (0.5 C30C28 + C32C27C29) -2.03619
(36) C34 = 1/12 + C18 - C21 - C18C26 -8.54118
(37) C35 = - C18 (C/4)3/4 4.61016
(38) C36 = (C28C35C29 - C32C34C29)/C33 2.05114
(39) C37 = [0.5 C26C35 + C34C31C29 - (0.5 C30C34 + C35C27C29)] / C33 -2.16975
(40) E1 = C17C36 + C18 + C19C37 -0.88522
(41) E2 = C20C36 + C21 + C22C37 -0.02864
(42) E3 = C23C36 + C24 + C25C37 0.01881
(43) E4 = 1/4 + C37/12 + C36/4 - E3/5 - 3E2/2 - E1 1.50639
(44) E5 = E1 (1/2 + A/6) + E2(1/4 + 11A/84) + E3(1/70 + A/105) -0.60061
(45) E6 = E5 - C36(7/120 +A/36 + 3A/C) - 1/40 - A/72 - C37(1/60 +A/120 + 1/C) -1.67593
DESIGN CALCULATIONS OF HEAT EXCHANGER Page : 45 of 136
According to ASME Code, Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Edition 2001, Addenda 2002 / TEMA "R" 7th Edition 88. Sheet : 10 of 10
Designed by : Eng. Abdel Halim Galala, Design General Manager (Assistant) Rev. : 0
Project : Design & Fabrication of Heat Exchanger for APRC Refinery Date : 4.7.2003
Job No. : 7443-33 Location : Alex.
Dwg. No. : 7443-33-1A, Rev. 0 Sheet : 5 Client : APRC
Exchanger : Residue Cooler, Type : AES Item : E-323A/B & E-514C/D
N. Integral Type (W.N.) Main Shell Flange Thickness, item no. 4 (cont.) [Appendix 2] [FIG. 2-4, Sketch (6a)]
Subjected to internal pressure
APPENDIX 2-3
When B < 20 g1, it will be optional for the designer to substitute B1 in the
formula stress SH = f * Mo /( L * g12 * B).
20 * g1 20 INCH 508 MM
B 19 INCH 482.6 MM
B1 = B + g1 for loose & integral type flanges have f <1 ( the min. f permitted is 1) 20 INCH 508 MM
B1 = B + go for integral type flanges when f = > 1 19.5 INCH 495.3 MM