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Pedoman Penulisan Sumber Untuk Karya Ilmiah PDF
Pedoman Penulisan Sumber Untuk Karya Ilmiah PDF
NEVILLE, C. (2010) The Complete Guide to Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism. 2nd Ed.
Maidenhead: Open University Press.
The basics
Harvard is known as the Author & Date system:
1. Citations in the text of your assignment should be made following the in-text guidelines given in
the examples on the following pages.
2. A complete list of all the citations used in your text will need to be provided at the end of your
assignment. This is called your reference list or bibliography and needs to be presented in
alphabetical author/originator order.
Capitals:
Harvard is not prescriptive about capitalisation of authors’ names in your reference list. If you do
wish to use capitals, then the family/surname of authors are only capitalised in this reference list
and not in the body of your work. If you prefer not to use capitals in this list, that is fine, but you
must be consistent in the style you decide to use.
Punctuation:
Harvard has no one true style of punctuation so the generally accepted rule (BS ISO 690:2010) is to
be consistent with your style of punctuation throughout the whole of your assignment.
Here are some examples of how to reference commonly used materials. If you need more guidance please look at the RefZone website:
http://www.staffs.ac.uk/support_depts/infoservices/learning_support/refzone or ask the Academic Skills Tutors/Librarians for help.
FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials. (Publication NEVILLE, C. (2010) The Complete Guide to Neville (2010) argues
year in brackets) Book title - italicised Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism. 2nd Ed. that...
Book
or underlined. Series title and volume if Maidenhead: Open University Press.
(1 author) applicable. Edition – if not the first. “Quotation” (Neville,
Place of publication: publisher. 2010, p.76)
FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials., BRADBURY, I., BOYLE, J. and MORSE, A. (2002) Bradbury, Boyle and
FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials. and Scientific Principles for Physical Geographers. Morse (2002)...
FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials. (Publication Harlow: Prentice Hall.
Book
year in brackets) Book title - italicised As noted by Bradbury,
(2 to 3 authors)
or underlined. Series title and volume if Note: Use either “and” or “&” between authors’ Boyle and Morse (2002)
applicable. Edition – if not the first. names as dictated by the book’s own
Place of publication: Publisher presentation. “Quotation” (Bradbury,
Boyle and Morse, 2002,
p.51)
It is discretionary as to whether you list CAMPBELL, N. A. et al. (2008) Biology. 8th Ed. (Campbell et al., 2008)....
all authors and also whether you use ‘et London: Pearson.
al.’ or ‘and others’ as below: “Quotation” (Campbell et
Book al., p.76)
(4 or more authors) FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials. et al. or and
others. (Publication year in brackets)
Book title - italicised or underlined.
Series title and volume if applicable.
Edition - if not the first. Place of
publication: Publisher.
FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials of the MARSHALL, W. A. (1975) The Child as a Mirror As noted by Marshall
author writing the chapter. (Publication of his Brain’s Development. In SANTS, J. & (1975)....
year in brackets) Title of chapter. In: BUTCHER, H. J. (eds.). Development
Chapter in an edited FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials. of author or Psychology. Aylesbury, Bucks: Hazell Watson & “Quotation” (Marshall,
book editor of book (ed.) or (eds.). Book title Viney Ltd. 1975, p.76)
- italicised or underlined. Series title
and volume if applicable. Edition – if
not the first. Place of publication:
Publisher.
Corporate authors Includes publications by Government GREAT BRITAIN. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. The Great Britain
departments, Committees: (1977) Tidal Power Barrages in the Severn Department of Energy
(groups,
COUNTRY. NAME OF ISSUING BODY. Trent Estuary: Recent Evidence on their (1977) concluded that…
committees,
(Year of publication in brackets) Title of Feasibility. London: H. M.S. O. (Energy Papers
companies) publication – in italics or underlined. 23) “Quotation” (Great
Place of publication: Publisher. (Report Britain, Department of
Number – if applicable in brackets). Energy, 1977, p.12)
Title - in italics or underlined. (Year of Chicken Run. (2000) Animated Film. Directed If you refer to a film in
distribution in brackets) Material type. by Peter Lord and Nick Park. [VHS] UK: Pathe the body of your work,
Directed by – name of director(s). Distribution. the title will need to be
[Format of source in square brackets] underlined or placed in
Place of distribution: Distribution Requiem for a Dream. (2000) Film. Directed by italics:
Films [DVD], [VHS],
company. Darren Aronofsky. [DVD] UK: Momentum
[Blu-ray Disc]
Pictures. ...the animation
movement (Chicken
Run, 2000)
...this is highlighted by
Harry’s character in the
film Requiem for a
Dream (2000).
If you are referencing a journal from an WILSON, J. (1995) Enter the Cyberpunk Wilson (1995) argues
online database service which is librarian: future directions in cyberspace. that.....
password accessible only i.e. EBSCO Library Review. [Online] Emerald Database 44
you can shorten the URL to the home (8). p.63-72. Available from: “Quotation” (Wilson,
page of the database service. If you are http://www.emeraldinsight.com. [Accessed: 1995, p.66)
accessing a journal article directly and 30th January 2012].
for free from the internet, you will need
the entire URL.
Author(s) of article’s TREFTS, K. & BLACKSEE, S. (2000) Did you Trefts and Blacksee
FAMILY/SURNAME, Initials. (Publication hear the one about Boolean Operators? (2000) argue that....
year in brackets) Title of article. Title of Incorporating comedy into the library induction.
Journal article
journal - italicised or underlined. Reference Services Review. 28 (4). p.369-378. “Quotation” (Trefts and
(printed) Volume number (Part number/month in Blacksee, 2000, p.376)
brackets). p. followed by the page
numbers of the article.
Author of website FAMILY/SURNAME, BBC NEWS. (2008) Factory gloom worst since …as reported by the BBC
Initials or WEBSITE name if no author 1980. [Online] Available from: (2008)
is available. (Year - in brackets) Title of http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7681569.st
website in italics or underlined. Any m. “Quotation” (BBC, 2008)
Website
numbers if necessary or available if [Accessed: 19th June 2012].
website is part of a series. [Online in
square brackets] Available from: URL.
[Accessed: followed by date in square
brackets].