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A Report On Design Estimation of 1MW Solar PV Plant
A Report On Design Estimation of 1MW Solar PV Plant
The project feasibility study report represents the data required to assess a solar
PV project’s techno-commercial viability at the very initial stage. This report
provides an insight of the techno-commercial output of 1MWAC Solar PV Power
Plant in India. Solar Industry in India is growing exponentially right now and it
will expand at this pace for next 15 years atleast. So, this is the best time for
Indian developers & entrepreneurs to get into solar PV sector to create/increase
assets and/or the market share.
The key features of the reports are – Climate data assessment, energy
generation prediction throughout the plant’s lifecycle and the cash-flow of
project including project initial & recurring investment, gross & net cash-flow,
Project IRR, Payback, DSCR etc.
Please note that the figures related to initial investment of project is subjected
to Indian’s market only & based on the data collected during June 2016 to
December 2016 only. And the cost assumption is for a particular location/region
considering smoothness in developing the project, both in technical & liaison
aspect. One should consider conditions & situations like land acquisition, laying
up of transmission line, approval from concerned authorities etc. before strictly
following the presented figures in this report. The cost of the components are
subjected to change depends on the advancement of technology, availability of
raw materials, economic condition of country & region, reformations & changes
in taxes & related govt. driven laws & regulation.
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Contents
I) Executive summery 1
II) Project overview 2
III) Technical analysis 3
A. Various Solar Data Resources & their Comparison 4
B. Solar PV Power Plant Design & Configuration 5
C. Solar Energy Generation Assessment 6
D. Uncertainty Analysis of Energy Generation 7
IV) Financial Analysis 8
A. Cost Breakdown 9
B. Revenue Analysis 10
C. Techno-commercial Summery of the entire Plant 11
V) Annex-I - Suggestive BOQ & their Respective Make 12
VI) Annex-II – Design Standards 13
VII) Annex-III – SCADA parameter details 14
VIII) Annex-IV – Site Layout 15
IX) Annex-V – Single Line Diagram 16
X) Annex-VI – PVSyst Simulation report 17
XI) Annex-VII – datasheets of PV Module, Inverter & Structure 18
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I) EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
(Developer Company) intends to develop 1.0 MW AC Solar PV plant in Shankarpura area, near to
Vadodara, Gujarat area. The developer intends to check the potential energy generation and long
term energy prediction and the financial aspects as well.
Our Study finds out that the location with coordinates has annual GHI of 2045 kWh/m2/year and the
specific production capacity of the location considering the above stated parameters and/or
assumption, is 1715 kWh/kWp/year.
Total project cost to developer is expected at 1.04 million USD for the FY 2017-18. If the power is
being sold at a fixed rate of 0.09 USD/kWh for a period of 25 years and considering the grid-
unavailability per year is 7 days per year and no extra investment have been done on the
components after the commissioning of the plant, then the expected Return on Investment will
occur on the year of SEVEN (Payback is 6.72 yrs) from the date of commissioning.
OSSC conducted an exhaustive analysis with the provided data by client. In our analysis, we have used tools like Helioscope, PVsyst 6.39,
Metonorm 7.01, NASA-SSE database, SWERA database, AutoCAD 2017 etc. which all are acquired by legal procedure and DO NOT
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III) TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
A) Solar Data Resources & Comparison of Accuracy from Different Sources:
The 1.0 MWAC Solar PV Plant is proposed to be installed at the location of 33.648465°N and (-
115.808773) °E (near Palm Springs, CA, USA). There are a set of possible solar irradiation data sources
acquired for this particular location. The datasets either make use of ground based measurements at
well controlled meteorological stations or use processed satellite imagery. OSSC has extracted the
best suitable monthly Global Horizontal Irradiation data for the given site coordinates from
METEONORM 7, PVGIS, SWERA & NASA-SSE.
The SWERA data illustrated has been obtained for a location approximately 37km away from the
proposed site. This data however, is not available exclusively for India, rather for neighboring
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countries. OSSC performed iteration on an extensive list of NREL (CSR) datasets to obtain
appropriate coordinates that lie within the Indian boundaries.
250.0
200.0
150.0 NASA-SSE
Meteonorm 7.1
PVGIS
100.0
SWERA
50.0
0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
The irradiation values given by Meteonorm 7 typically provide a combination of ground and satellite
measured data. Meteonorm 7 has interpolated the data using 30% satellite data for the proposed
site. Uncertainty of satellite data is obtained as 7% for the proposed site.
The NASA-SSE data source provides purely satellite measured data for a grid covering 1°x1°on the
earth’s surface and generally more suited for initial site selection.
PVGIS includes a database of the horizon height around each point one can choose in the region. In
this way, the calculation of PV performance can take into account the effects of mountains and hills
casting shadows onto the PV system. The resolution of the horizon information is 3 arc-seconds
(around 90m), so things that are very near, such as houses or trees are not included.
The New PVGIS data are smaller than the average measured data but higher than the measured data
of Meteonorm 7.1.
After a number of calculation & analysis, it has been observed that the data of Metonorm 7 is
close to real situation and deviates only by 5-7% from it. Followed by Meteonorm 7.1, closes
to it is PVGIS then SWERA & NASA-SSE.
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B) SPV Power Plant Design
Designing a megawatt-scale solar PV power plant is an involved process that requires considerable
technical knowledge and experience. There are many compromises that need to be made in order to
achieve the optimum balance between performance and cost.
For this project we have considered Poly-Crystalline Solar PV Module, Central Inverter & Fixed tilt type
Module Mounting Structure. We have used Meteonorm 7.1 generated Solar Resource data for the
entire techno-commercial analysis in this report. For the simulation purpose, we have used PVsyst
6.39 software – an Industry Leading Solar Design Analysis tool – to complete the generation
assessment of the proposed PV system.
The loss details which we have considered during the simulation have been tabulated here in the next
chapter (3. Energy Yield Assessment).
Total Solar PV System configuration details have been briefed in the above table (Table 6).
Solar PV Module Technology is considered to be Poly-Crystalline. We recommend using 320Wp, 72
cells Poly-Si Module for the purpose as there are some significant advantages of this module which
are:
Easily Available to Any Module Manufacturer/ Supplier.
Lead delivery time is much less compared to other Watt peak modules
Price per Watt peak is the lowest compared to the other Watt Peak modules
Dimension of the Module is same as of the 300Wp of the same manufacturer which gives
higher ground coverage ratio.
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Performance & Efficiency wise 310Wp (Eff: 16.2% or more) is much better than lower watt
peak modules (e.g Eff. of 300Wp Canadian Solar Module is 15.63% whereas 320Wp has eff.
Of 16.5%)
Solar Inverter: During the system design, OSSC has considered ABB 1000kW Central Inverter as the
PCU. The reason of selecting ABB 1000kW central Inverter over its competitor Make like SMA, TMEIC
etc are as follows:
Compared to SMA & equivalent, ABB offers best price in this Inverter segment.
Quality & service wise ABB is far superior than TMEIC, Delta and any other South-East Asian
Make inverter
ABB has long track record as Solar Inverter and well established brand in the market. It’s
Parent company is one of the most Trusted Electrical Brand worldwide.
We have done simulation using SMA, ABB, TMEIC, Green power 1000kW Solar Inverters in
PVsyst under the same climatic & electrical parameters and found out that ABB inverter gives
higher AC output compared to others. If required by Investors’ team, we can submit such
analytical report separately.
The significant technical advantage of ABB is that it has higher Temperature de-rating factor
compared to any other Inverters available in the market at this range which makes the ABB
inverter applicable in very harsh climate zone like desert area and where the ambient
temperature rises near to 500C.
Mounting of PV modules will be ground based facing the True ZERO azimuth and fixed tilt at the
Latitude of the project site which is here 300 facing south (after azimuth correction). Mounting
structures as per IS & Industry standard is considered during the design configuration. The relevant
standards & make mentioned in the annex-I & II respectively.
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Transformer & other related Electrical BOS will be selected as per system’ ckt Voltage & current
details (This will be covered in the detailed engineering part of the DPR). Make & general specification
and/or ratings has been covered in annex-II (BOQ)
DC to ACRatio is considered to be 1.25. Normally the ratio can go upto 1.3 without any significant
Overloading loss and harm to the equipments. We recommend to size PV system at 1.20 OR 120%
overloading minimum. At this DC Loading, we have observed in the field the maximum generation &
plant optimization in terms of electrical occurs.
D) Uncertainty of Generation:
To assess the uncertainty/disturbance in generation modeling is very complex and not so easy due
to involvement of so many factors – climatic, environmental & electro-mechanical factors.
Considering this factors, the best way to assess the uncertainty in generation is to identify the
major factors and their effect on it. The following discussion represents a simple & best approach
to assess this uncertainty & its effect on the generation assessment.
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Uncertainty in Resource and Modeling
Table-8 represents the Solar Energy Generation for the 1 st year of the plant and for this
assessment OSSC has used the Solar GHI data from Meteonorm 7.1. The estimated error in this
meteorlogical data assessment tool is almost 7%.
A certain percentage of uncertainty also get introduced in simulation while using the PVsyst
software itself. Referring to the PVsyst validation report of data from seven grid-connected
systems in Europe indicates an error in the results of the simulation in the order of 2 to 3%. After
studying such similar cases and thorough observation of such, OSSC has come to a point to consider
a 3% uncertainty for the PVsyst itself.
Inter-Annual Variation in the Solar Resource
Global Horizontal irradiation data varies annually along with the yearly average temperature. This
means that the plant Developer hardly knows the exact amount of solar energy will be generated for
any given year, but can have a good idea of the expected generation in the long-term basis. The
annual variation can be quantified based upon analysis of variation in long-term irradiation data in
the vicinity of the site. This exercise gives the standard deviation of the variation in irradiation.
Table 9: P50, P75 & p90 Energy Generation Assessment of 1MWac Solar Plant
Year P50 (MWh/ year) P75 (MWh/ year) P90 (MWh/ year)
1 2237 2184 2136
2 2181.08 2129.40 2082.60
3 2165.81 2114.49 2068.02
4 2150.65 2099.69 2053.55
5 2135.59 2084.99 2039.17
6 2120.64 2070.40 2024.90
7 2105.80 2055.91 2010.72
8 2091.06 2041.52 1996.65
9 2076.42 2027.23 1982.67
10 2061.89 2013.03 1968.79
11 2047.45 1998.94 1955.01
12 2033.12 1984.95 1941.33
13 2018.89 1971.06 1927.74
14 2004.76 1957.26 1914.24
15 1990.72 1943.56 1900.84
16 1976.79 1929.95 1887.54
17 1962.95 1916.44 1874.32
18 1949.21 1903.03 1861.20
19 1935.57 1889.71 1848.17
20 1922.02 1876.48 1835.24
21 1908.56 1863.34 1822.39
22 1895.20 1850.30 1809.63
23 1881.94 1837.35 1796.97
24 1868.76 1824.49 1784.39
25 1855.68 1811.72 1771.90
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IV) Financial Analysis
As far as now, OSSC has covered the major technical areas including the technology, components,
plant’s energy generation throughout its lifespan and the Operations & Maintenance parts will have
been discussed later in this report. Based these technical consideration, the commercial analysis
will follow in this chapter of the report.
Component Wise:
Solar PV Modules:For this project, OSSC is recommending for Poly-crystalline Technology based
3rdgeneration full cell type PV Modules must be 300Wp or higher in Watt Peak capacity (Preferred
310Wp). The current price per Watt peak of this type of PV Module is USD 0.424 (apprx.). There
will be variation in the presented price by ±5% in coming FY considering the economic changes &
other international market policies & condition. Recommended Manufacturers have been indicated
in BOQ (Annex I)
Solar Inverter: Transformer-Less Central Inverter with higher temperature de-rating factor is used
to complete the technical design & assessment. The Availability, uptime and price varies
manufacturer to manufacturer & supplier to supplier. The market leaders in this product segment
acoording to their price & market reliabilities are SMA, Fronious, ABB, Schneider Electric, AEG
(TMEIC), Hitachi-Hirel, Solectria etc. OSSC is using ABB Central inverter for the simulation. The
current Avg. price of such inverters lies in the range of USD 0.0424 to 0.0484 per watt peak. Some
companies exclude cost of the minimum required spare parts of their product. It is expected that
this product’s price is continues to remain same as of now in the next FY. OSSC took the inverter’s
price as USD 0.0454 per watt peak for the financial analysis.
Module Mounting Structures: As this project is ground-mounted and tilting is fixed – not tracking
mechanism has been considered – which means a fixed tilt type Hot dipped GS type structures has
been considered. There are many reputed manufactures supply throughout the country & outside.
Price falls in the range of USD 0.068 to 0.787 per Watt peak. The main factors which drive the price
of this particular component in the project is the land type, its soil condition, nearby large water
body & the wind velocity of that particular area etc. as variation in these values result in different
GS density & stability & load bearing profile. The price is expected to remain same as there is hardly
any variation in the price of iron & mild steel and this particular industry is very stable. So OSSC
took the higher end of the product’s price range which is USD 0.0787 per watt peak.
Transformers: There are mainly 3 types of transformers are being used in this kind of project –
Inverter Transformers (IT), Power Transformers & Auxiliary Transformers. There are a number of
reputed makes available in the market which can supply according to the particular requirement of
the project. ABB, Siemens, GE, CG, Voltamp are among the few. The price remains almost same
from company to company for the same specification. Price for all the THREE types of transformers
mention in this clause are considered to be USD 0.027 per Watt peak.
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Cables & Wires: As indicated earlier in the Table 7 about all types of the cables which will be used
in this project, the price for the cables as a whole lie in the range of USD 0.027 to 0.033 per Wp.
USD 0.032 per Watt peak is considered in the calculation & analysis. The factors drive the price of
cables are quantity & quality. But again, the price varies not more than ±5% for such project.
Transmission Line: The Pole structures, HT Cable laying up & related HT equipment & arrangement
cost around USD 35,000 per km. So, the cos directly depends on the distance between nearest sub-
station & power plant.
LT & HT Switchgears: ACDB, breaker panels, RMU etc will cost USD 0.038 per Watt peak for a
project like this. OSSC has taken USD 0.04 Per Watt peak for the financial modelling.
Civil Works: Civil works include developing control room, admin building, inverter rooms, roads &
pathways, trenches for cable laying up, boundary walls, gates, bore holes etc. It costs around USD
0.045 per Watt peak.
General Systems & Mandatory Spares: general systems include cleaning arrangement system, fire
extinguisher arrangement, Weather monitoring system & SCADA, CCTV, Water tank & misc.
expenses. On the other hand, Mandatory spares are the equipment or the part of equipment which
will be utilized during the sudden break down or failure of that particular equipment as to keep the
plant in running condition. A lumpsum of USD 0.02 per Watt peak is considered to assess the
investment for this particular segment of items.
Site Development: A number of parameters involves in this segment. Starting from Earnest Money
Deposit (EMD), Bank Guarantee (BG) & Performance BG, PPA Processing fees, WCT on civil works,
cess to loan interest rates, Insurances, O&M costs, contingency etc come into this segment.
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Table 10: Project Site Development & Component Cost breakup
Bill of Quantities for 1.25MWp On-Grid Solar PV Power Plant
SL. Price Per Sub-Total Taxes@
System Components Sub-system Specification/ Description Freight Cost Total Price
No. Watt Peak Price 14%
300Wp, 72 Cells Poly-crystalline, +ve
PV Module tolerance, Full cell; IEC61215 &61730 $ 0.42 $ 523,223.88 $ 15,696.72 $ 78,483.58 $ 617,404.18
Certified
1 SPV Module + SMB 16 or 20 or 24 in & ONE out, I/O
SMB protected by properly rated Fuses & $ 0.01 $ 16,817.91 $ 168.18 $ 2,522.69 $ 19,508.78
SPD, IP65 or above protection class
1MW TL Central inverter; 1200kWp PV
2 PCU Inverters In; 415V, 50Hz, 3-Ph O/P; as per $ 0.04 $ 56,059.70 $ 1,121.19 $ 8,408.96 $ 65,589.85
61683. O/P must be isolated using ACB
3 winding based Star-delta
4.1) Inverter transfomer, Dy11y11, proper
Transformers protection on both the primary &
2ndary side,
double winding Star-delta
3 Transformers transformer, Dyn11, should be $ 0.03 $ 41,110.45 $ 822.21 $ 6,166.57 $ 48,099.22
supplied with marshalling box,
4.2) Power
Buchkolz relay and other nessecary
Transformers protection Arrangement, must comply
with IEC 60076 and/OR IS 2026 (part 1
to 10)
Cable 5.1.1) Strings to 4sq.mm Solar Cable FRLS type, as per
TUV spec-2, Pfg 1169/08.2007, IS 694
SMB & IS 1554 part-I
DC cable, As per design and must
4 comply with IS 7098 part-I. Normally $ 0.02 $ 20,555.22 $ 102.78 $ 3,083.28 $ 23,741.28
DC Cable 5.1.2) SMB to this cable is installed under the trench
Inverters so minimum requiremnent is
Armoured PVC irrespective of the
cable gauge
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XLPE insulated LT cable, installation
5.2.1) Inverter to type is in group under the trench.
LT Panel Gauge will be as per design and the
design must follow IEC 60502 & 60840
5.2.2) LT Panel Again this cable will be passing
through UG trench thus it has to be
to Inverter XLPE insulated and the design will be
Transformer complied to IEC 60502 & IEC 60840.
5.2.3) IT to HT
Same as 5.2.2
AC Cable SwitchYard $ 0.01 $ 16,817.91 $ 168.18 $ 2,522.69 $ 19,508.78
5.2.4) HT
Switchyard to Detailed design criteria mentioned in
Power annex-II
Transformer
5.2.5) Power
Transformer to same as 5.2.5
Outdoor Isolator
this segment contains low voltage CB,
6.1) LT relays, Fuses, SPD etc. Specs will be as
Switchgear per design and design criteria
mentioned annex-II
5 Switch Gear $ 0.02 $ 28,029.85 $ 420.45 $ 4,204.48 $ 32,654.78
this segment contains High voltage CB
6.2) HT (mainly VCB, SF6 CB etc), relays, Fuses,
switchgear SPD etc. Specs will be as per design
and design criteria mentioned annex-II
Mounting structures shall be designed
@ tilt of which angle must be
optimized according to latitude of the
project site and to withstand the
6 Mounting Structure extreme weather conditions. Design $ 0.07 $ 84,089.55 $ 2,102.24 $ 12,613.43 $ 98,805.22
wind speed factors shall be as per
IS:875-III, min value of the factors shall
be considered as K1 = 1.0, K2 = 1.0 &
K3 = 1.0
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Control room building shall be of steel
structure with brick wall all-round &
Control Room roof with pre-fab PUF panel, designed
for wind zone –II as per IS 875 (1987)
& IS 800 (2007) & IS 456(2000)
Store room for placing the mandatory
Store for
spare parts to be used during the
Mandatory Spare commission and O&M period
Brick-mortar wall with a height of 2m
COMPOUND
and 2 rows of 0.5m barb wire on the
WALL top of it
Buried Cable Trenches with protective
Trench-AC & DC layer of sand and brick for DC cable
laying and outdoor AC cables
Compacted roads with a thickness of
1) 50mm, 3.5 meter wide with 0.5
meter shoulder on either side for all
Road & Pathway Inverter room access.
2) 50mm, 2 meter wide with 0.5 meter
7 Civil Works shoulder on either side for periphery $ 0.04 $ 56,059.70 $ 1,121.19 $ 8,408.96 $ 65,589.85
boundary access.
Trapezoidal Earthen Storm Water
Drainage – Typical size: 0.8m (top
Drainage facility width) x 0.4m (Depth) x 0.3m (bottom
width).
Transformer RCC Foundation for Transformers (wall
Foundation type pedestal).
Switchyard
Inverter room shall be of raised plinth
level prefab building, the walls and
roof shall be of PUF panel supported
Inverter room RCC
by structural steel frame and shall be
work designed for wind zone –II as per IS
875 (Part-3) (1987) & IS 800 (2007) &
IS 456(2000).
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meter x 2.5 meter x 3 meter) all are as
per detailed engineering
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Earthing system designed for system
fault level as IS 3043. GI material will
Earthing System be used as earthing conductors and
Either salt-charcoal OR chemical based
earthing pits shall be provided
depends on the soil type & local
climatic condition
Cable trays are pre-fabricated,
ladder/perforated type, Hot dip
Cable Trays galvanized 2mm thick of 600mm,
450mm, 300mmm width.
UPS
0.2s accuracy class CT operated ABT-
TOD standard energy meters (check &
Metering system Main) with facility to log & download
meter data via RS485 port
LED Lighting equipment for peripheral
lighting & control, admin, store,
inverter & security room etc lighting
Plant Illumination
will be used (Ratings will be as per
system required lumens). LED must comply
with Industry standard & must exhibit
90 lumens per watt.
VRLA GEL type battery (preferred 2V
exide deep-cycle batteries) with low
OR no maintenance with minimum 5
years of warranty shall be supplied. A
Battery & Battery
suitable battery charger with BMS
Charger System shall be provided which shall be used
as back-up power source for control
room, tracker (if any), SCADA,
minimum lighting etc
An auxiliary power supply system for
auxiliary loads like lighting, SMB,
Auxiliary Power
water pumping, UPS & battery-back-
Systems up and mainly for the inverter rooms.
The size of this power system approx.
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150% times of total auxiliary loads
connected to the plant.
*Transmission line cost directly depends on the distance between plant boundary wall & nearest sub-station where the generated power shall be fed.
Therefore, it is not correct to calculate the cost involved in developing the transmission line based on the MWp capacity of the power plant. Normally, per
km the cost of transmission line development is considered to be 35,000 USD.
Table-10 represents the initial investment required for setting up the solar power plant. The component & service wise cost break down provides a better
understanding towards the project type & developer can assess whether the firm can invest into this project on the very initial stage of decision-making
process.
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PROJECT DEVELOPMENT COST SHARE: ITEMWISE
SPV Module SMB PCU Transformers DC Cable
AC Cable Switch Gear Mounting Structure Civil Works General System
Electrical BOS Mandatory Spares Transmission Line*
2% 0%
2% 2%
6%
9%
3%
2%
2%
5% 59%
6%
2%
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1st year Energy Generation of the plant:
The above table represents the total energy output at the metering point per month. For the
1st year, there is no degradation considered. Though at the end of the 1 st year, a percentage
of 2% degradation in module is considered as LID (Light Induced Degradation) during the
pvsyst simulation.
Total 25 years of generation, O&M expenses & gross revenue presented in the below Table-
12. The considerations for the calculations are
I) PVsyst simulation result has been taken.
II) 1.5% of total project cost is subjected to O&M cost per year and the escalation on
the O&M expenses will be 6% per year starting from the 6th FY of the plant.
III) P75 generation of each year has been considered for the following calculations
and assessment.
IV) PPA tariff is 0.09 USD/kWh & there is no escalation for first 25 years.
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Table-12: System Generation & Gross Revenue from the Plant
Avg Solar
PPA rate O&M cost
Generation Yearly cumulative
Year per per year
Per year in Revenue (USD) earning (USD)
KWh(USD) (USD)
KWh
2017 2237312 0.09 201358 12,701 201,358
2018 2192566 0.09 197331 13,336 398,689
2019 2177218 0.09 195950 14,002 594,639
2020 2161977 0.09 194578 14,703 789,217
2021 2146843 0.09 193216 15,438 982,432
2022 2131816 0.09 191863 16,210 1,174,296
2023 2116893 0.09 190520 17,020 1,364,816
2024 2102075 0.09 189187 17,871 1,554,003
2025 2087360 0.09 187862 18,765 1,741,865
2026 2072749 0.09 186547 19,703 1,928,413
2027 2058239 0.09 185242 20,688 2,113,654
2028 2043832 0.09 183945 21,722 2,297,599
2029 2029525 0.09 182657 22,809 2,480,256
2030 2015318 0.09 181379 23,949 2,661,635
2031 2001211 0.09 180109 25,146 2,841,744
2032 1987202 0.09 178848 26,404 3,020,592
2033 1973292 0.09 177596 27,724 3,198,188
2034 1959479 0.09 176353 29,110 3,374,542
2035 1945763 0.09 175119 30,566 3,549,660
2036 1932142 0.09 173893 32,094 3,723,553
2037 1918617 0.09 172676 33,699 3,896,229
2038 1905187 0.09 171467 35,384 4,067,695
2039 1891851 0.09 170267 37,153 4,237,962
2040 1878608 0.09 169075 39,010 4,407,037
2041 1865457 0.09 167891 40,961 4,574,928
50832531 4574928
To support the above analysis, a table with daily energy generation and corresponding daily
revenue details enclosed here in annex-III.
Summarizing the financial analysis for the 1.25MWp PV Plant, the table 13 presents the major
financial parameters like net cash flow, IRR, DSCR Payback etc related to the investment.
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Table 13: Techno-Commercial Summery of the Power Plant
Project Details
Location : SHANKARPURA, VADODARA, GUJARAT, INDIA
Project Capacity (AC) MW 1.00
Project capacity Capacity (DC) MWp 1.25
Life of project considered Years 25
Generation Details
CUF % 25.5365%
Annual Generation Million Kwh 2.237
Deration factor % p.a 0.60%
Kwh available for sale/consumption Million Kwh 2.237
Tariff rate USD/Kwh 0.0900
Annual Escalaction % p.a 0%
Capital Expenditure & Structure
Price/MWp USD Mn 0.83
Total Project Cost USD Mn 1.04
Financed by --
Viability Gap Funding (VGF) Rs Mn 0
Equity Capital (% of project cost) USD Mn 0.31
Total Debt (% of project cost) USD Mn 0.73
Interest Cost 10.75%
Loan Terms Years 12.00
Moratorium Period Years -
Project IRR 14.08%
Equity IRR 18.28%
Debt Parameters
Average DSCR 1.61
Minimum DSCR 1.28
Payback Period 6.25
Operating Expenses
Operation &Maintenance (O&M) Expenses (% of Project
p.a 1.3207%
cost)
Annual escalation in O&M Expenses p.a 5.00%
Working Capital Requirement for two months
Debtors (Number of Months) 2.00
O&M (Number of Months) 1.00
O&M Spares (% of O&M Expenses) 15%
Interest Rate 12.25%
Depreciation (SLM) and Tax Rates
Depreciation Rate for first 12 years 5.83%
Depreciation Rate for remaining period (p.a) 1.54%
Income tax Rate 30.00%
Minimum Alternate Tax 18.50%
Education Cess 3.00%
Surcharge on Income Tax 5.00%
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Annex-I:
Suggestive make of BOS
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A suggestive list of manufacturers for the Balance of System has been presented here.
Items Preferred Makes
DC System
MC4 connectors MC4/Amphenol/ Mc-Contact/ Bizlink/ Suncon
T Connectors Elmex/ Rodox
String Monitoring Units Trinity touch/ Jzckson/ Bentek/Statcon/HENSEL
DC Battery Charger with Battery for Control Room Amara Raja/ Exide/ Ultra
AC Power Cables
Inverter to Transformer Polycab/ CCI/ Finolex/ RPG/ KEI/DYNAMIC CABLE
Transformer to Inverter HT Panel
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Inverter HT panel to Main HT panel
Inverter HT panel to PES
PES to 33/132kV STU
33kV/132kV STU to 132kV STU
Inverter to Auxiliary Transformer
Auxiliary Transformer to Auxiliary panel Polycab/ Havells/ Finolex
Control room to tracker motor
HT Cable Termination Kit
Transformer HT end 3M Electro & Communication/ Hari Consolidated
HT panel end (Control & Inverter room) Raychem
AC control cables
33 KV O/D RMU
HT panel to PLC panel
33 KV PES RMU
External lighting DB to PLC panel
Auxiliary panel to PLC panel Finolex/ Havells/ Ravin
Cable glands
Supply Cables
Peripheral lighting cables
indoor/outdoor lighting, exaust fans,AC etc.
Fire alarm System GODREJ/ BUSSMANN COOPER
Fire fighting Equipment CEASEFIRE/ ANY REPUTED MAKE
CCTV PANASONIC/ HIKVISION
LIGHTING/ILLUMINATION EQUIPMENT
Illumination for Inverter room
Illumination for Control room
Timer set
PHILLIPS/ CGL/ HAVELLS/ HPL/WIPRO
Peripheral lighting
Lighting DB
Junction Box for road lighting with lighting pole
MISC.
Exaust fans HAVELS/ CG/ BAJAJ
Air Conditioning Unit HITACHI/ VOLTAS/ BLUE STAR/LG
EHV LA
ESE LA
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Annex-II:
Design Criteria & Relevant
IEC/EN/IS standardization
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See the below Standards & IEC Codes which have been followed during the system design, product selection &
performance analysis
PV Module Standards
Test Description Comment
IEC 61215 Crystalline silicon (c-Si) terrestrial PV
Includes tests for thermal cycling, humidity
modules - Design qualification and and freezing, mechanical stress and twist and
type approval hail resistance. The standard certification
uses a 2,400Pa pressure. Modules in heavy
snow locations may be tested under more
stringent 5,400Pa conditions.
IEC 61646 Thin-film terrestrial PV modules - Very similar to the IEC 61215 certification,
Design qualification and type approval but an additional test specifically considers
the additional degradation of thin-film
modules.
IEC 61730 PV module safety qualification Part 2 of the certification defines three
different Application Classes:
1) Safety Class O - Restricted access
applications.
2) Safety Class II - General applications.
3) Safety Class III - Low voltage (LV) applications.
IEC 60364-4-41 Protection against electric shock Module safety assessed based on:
1) Durability.
2) High dielectric strength.
3) Mechanical stability.
4) Insulation thickness and distances.
IEC 61701 Resistance to salt mist and corrosion Required for modules being installed near
the coast or for maritime applications.
IEC 61853-1 Photovoltaic Module Performance Describes the requirements for evaluating PV
Testing and Energy Rating module performance in terms of power rating
over a range of irradiances and temperatures.
IEC 62804 System voltage durability test for c-Si Describes the test procedure and conditions
modules for conducting a PID test. The PV module will
be deemed to be PID resistant if power loss is
less than 5% following testing.
UL 1703 Comply with the National Electric Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) is an
Code, Occupational Safety and Health independent U.S. based product safety
Administration and the National Fire testing certification company which is a
Prevention Association. The modules Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory
perform to at least 90% of the (NRTL).
manufacturer’s nominal power. Certification by an NRTL is mandatory in the
U.S.
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Details of Inverter-related Standards
IEC 62109-1&2: 2011- Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power
2012 systems.
The above standards have been followed during the system design & rating selection of the PV module
and Inverter. It can be termed the Inverter as the heart of the total PV Power system. SO the selection
of PV Inverter is very crucial and one must follow the standards during the mentioned process.
Below the relevant standards for the cables, Transformers, LT & HT switchgears, Switchyard etc have
been highlighted.
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Standards Relevant Implication
IEC 60050(826) Electrical Installations of Buildings
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TUV 2 PfG 1169 TUV Internal Cable Standard
IEC 60664 Creepage Distances & Clearances
IEC 50548 Junction Boxes
IEC 60529 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures
IEC 60269 Low Voltage Fuses
Copper bus bars/terminal blocks housed in the junction box with
IEC 62208
suitable termination threads
EN 60715 Chromated DIN Rail
IEC 60947 Low Voltage AC Switchgear and Control Gears Specifications
IEC 60439 Low Voltage AC Switchgear and Control Gears Assemblies
General Requirement for AC Switchgear & Control Gear Voltage <
IEC 60947
1000V
Degree of Protection for Low Voltage Switchgear & Control
IEC 60529
enclosures
IEC 60404 Electrolytic Copper / Aluminium
IEC 62056 AC Electric Meters
IEC 60364 Earthing
IEC 60947.2 Danger Notice Plates
IEC 60439 Circuit Breakers Voltages Up To 1000V
IEC EN 60269-1 Air Break Switches / Disconnects for Voltages < 1000VAC & 1200VDC
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Annex-III:
SCADA PARAMETER DETAILS
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SCADA stands for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition. In solar PV Plant, SCADA mainly used for
data monitoring purpose and there a limited number of operation mechanism to Control & operate
system remotely. The mandatory feature a SCADA system shall have is been listed below:
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5 Trafo OTI High/Low
6 Trafo Buchholz relay High/Low
7 Grid Monitoring High/Low
E Weather station parameters
1 Global Horizontal Pyranometer W/m2
2 Global Horizontal Inclined W/m2
3 Ambient temperature Sensor Deg
4 Module temperature sensor Deg
5 Wind Speed m/sec
F Derived Parameters
1 PR %
2 Availability %
3 CO2 Saving Kg
4 PV Revenue INR
5 String Currents deviation %
Additional
Parameters Required
1 Daily Gust Wind Speed m/sec
2 Plant Availability
3 Grid Availability
4 Auxiliary Consumption
Performance Ratio - Daily, monthly,
5
annual etc.
Daily, Monthly, Annual PLF (Plant load
6
factor)
AC active power kW (both for import &
7
export).
AC reactive (kVAr) and (kVA) (both for
8
import & export).
9 Power factor (both for import & export)
Plant Load Factor - Daily, monthly, annual
10
etc.
11 Plant performance rations Quarterly & annually
Further on this requirement from power
12 As per state nodal agency
evacuating utility
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Annex-IV:
SITE LAYOUT
prepared by me or under my supervision
I hereby certify that this drawing was
+91 8116401052
12/12/2016
GUJARAT, INDIA
Revisions
omssconsulting@gmail.com
SHANKARPURA, BARODA,
Issue
SITE ADDRESS:
,
01
Date:
Drawing Number
L100
SHEET TITLE:
Engineer:
SYSTEM SIZE:
Sheet No.
Marks
01
AS SHOWN
PLANT
SUPERVISED BY:
CHECKED BY:
DRAWN BY:
PROJECT TITLE:
Date
Date
Scale:
MAIN GATE
1MWac SPV POWER PLANT
1500
W
MD
POOJA ROOM
1000X1000
V
BATHROOM D2
2600x2000 CONFERENCE ROOM
D2 5000X4000
W
D2
URINALS
V
2600x1770
WASHBASIN
D D1
D1
TABLE
Battery
W
STORE ROOM
PASSAGE 4000X4000
1X150 Ø PIPE
UPS DB
3600X3300
D2
W
PANTRY
4000x2100
W
SITE LAYOUT
H
INV -
TRENC
- T/F
INV
MV TRENCH
LV
+91 8116401052
1MWac SPV POWER PLANT
,
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
BURDWAN
10 AWG Copper
10 AWG Copper
SHANKARPURA, BARODA,
1 2 22
GUJARAT, INDIA
String count: 12 1000 MCM Aluminum
Module count: 264 1 AWG Aluminum
12-circuit Combiner
1 2 22 Typical of 2 Combiners
PROJECT TITLE:
1252 kWdc
SITE ADDRESS:
Disconnect
SYSTEM SIZE:
CS6X - 320P
PVS800-MWS-1000kW-20
PLANT
1/0 AWG Aluminum
10 AWG Copper
10 AWG Copper
1-circuit AC Panel
8-circuit Combiner
Typical of 2 Combiners
LABELS
SHEET TITLE:
1 2 22
String count: 11
Module count: 242
11-circuit Combiner
1 2 22 Typical of 6 Combiners
CS6X - 320P
1-circuit Interconnect
20A
I hereby certify that this drawing was
prepared by me or under my supervision
Date Issue
Meter Grid
E100
Scale: Date:
AS SHOWN 12/12/2016
Sheet No.
01 OF 01
Annex-VI:
PVSYST SIMULATION REPORT
PVSYST V6.43 23/12/16 Page 1/5
Simulation parameters
Collector Plane Orientation Tilt 26° Azimuth 0°
Models used Transposition Perez Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Horizon Free Horizon
Near Shadings No Shadings
PV Array Characteristics
PV module Si-poly Model CS6X - 320P
Original PVsyst database Manufacturer Canadian Solar Inc.
Number of PV modules In series 19 modules In parallel 206 strings
Total number of PV modules Nb. modules 3914 Unit Nom. Power 320 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 1252 kWp At operating cond. 1116 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 618 V I mpp 1806 A
Total area Module area 7510 m² Cell area 6859 m²
Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 1252 kWp Performance Ratio PR
10 1.0
PR : Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) : 0.797
Lc : Collection Loss (PV-array losses) 1.1 kWh/kWp/day
Ls : System Loss (inverter, ...) 0.14 kWh/kWp/day
Yf : Produced useful energy (inverter output) 4.89 kWh/kWp/day
8 0.8
Normalized Energy [kWh/kWp/day]
Performance Ratio PR
6 0.6
4 0.4
2 0.2
0 0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Legends: GlobHor Horizontal global irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
T Amb Ambient Temperature E_Grid Energy injected into grid
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane EffArrR Effic. Eout array / rough area
GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings EffSysR Effic. Eout system / rough area
PVSYST V6.43 23/12/16 Page 4/5
The probability distribution variance is also depending on some system parameters uncertainties
Specified Deviation PV module modelling/parameters 2.0 %
Inverter efficiency uncertainty 0.5 %
Soiling and mismatch uncertainties 1.0 %
Degradation uncertainty 1.0 %
Global variability (meteo + system) Variance 3.5 % (quadratic sum)
Probability distribution
0.50
0.45
P50 = 2237 MWh
0.40 E_Grid simul = 2237 MWh
0.35
P75 = 2184 MWh
Probability
0.30
0.25
0.20
P90 = 2136 MWh
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500
E_Grid system production MWh
Annex-VII:
DATASHEETS – MODULE, INVERTER
MAXPOWER
CS6X-310 | 315| 320P
The high quality and reliability of Canadian Solar’s
modules is ensured by 15 years of experience in
module manufacturing, well-engineered module
design, stringent BOM quality testing, an
automated manufacturing process and 100% EL
testing.
linear power output warranty
KEY FEATURES
product warranty on materials
Excellent module efficiency of and workmanship
up to 16.68 %
IP67 junction box for long-term * As there are different certification requirements in different markets, please contact
weather endurance your local Canadian Solar sales representative for the specific certificates applicable to
the products in the region in which the products are to be used.
A A
Rear View Frame Cross Section A-A 10 10
9 9
35
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
40
Grounding
hole 4 4
Middle
bar 2–Ø5
1954
1400
1155
3
G
2 2
11
G
- + 1 1
0 V 0
V
8-11 ˣ 7 A A Mounting Hole 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Mounting
7
hole
R 1000 W/m2 5°C
800 W/m2 25°C
40 932
982 600 W/m2 45°C
11
PARTNER SECTION
PERFORMANCE AT LOW IRRADIANCE
Industry leading performance at low irradiance, average
relative efficiency of 96.0 % from an irradiance of 1000 W/
m2 to 200 W/m2 (AM 1.5, 25°C).
The specification and key features described in this datasheet may deviate slightly
and are not guaranteed. Due to on-going innovation, research and product
enhancement, Canadian Solar Inc. reserves the right to make any adjustment
to the information described herein at any time without notice. Please always
obtain the most recent version of the datasheet which shall be duly incorporated
into the binding contract made by the parties governing all transactions related
to the purchase and sale of the products described herein.
Caution: For professional use only. The installation and handling of PV modules Scan this QR-code to discover solar
requires professional skills and should only be performed by qualified professionals.
Please read the safety and installation instructions before using the modules. projects built with this module
CANADIAN SOLAR INC. Mar. 2016. All rights reserved, PV Module Product Datasheet V5.4C1_EN
Solar inverters
ABB central inverters raise reliability, Based on ABB’s highly successful Highlights
efficiency and ease of installation to platform and the most widely used − High total performance
new levels. The inverters are aimed frequency converters on the market − Modular and compact product design
at system integrators and end users – the inverters are the most efficient − Extensive DC and AC side protection
who require high performance solar and cost-effective way to convert the − Full grid support functionality
inverters for large photovoltaic (PV) direct current (DC) generated by solar − Fast and easy installation
power plants. The inverters are modules into high-quality and CO2-free − Complete range of industrial-type
available from 100 up to 1000 kW, alternating current (AC) that can be fed data communication options,
and are optimized for cost-efficient into the power distribution network. including remote monitoring
multi-megawatt power plants. − Life cycle service and support
Solar inverters from ABB through ABB’s extensive global
World’s leading inverter platform ABB central inverters are ideal for large service network
The ABB central inverters have been PV power plants but are also suitable
developed on the basis of decades for large-sized power plants installed
of experience in the industry and in commercial or industrial buildings.
proven technology platform. Unrivalled High efficiency, proven components,
expertise from the world’s market compact and modular design and a
and technology leader in frequency host of life cycle services ensures ABB
converters is the hallmark of this solar central inverters provide a rapid return
inverter series. on investment.
Maximize yields without losing a watt
Maximum energy and feed-in revenues Compact and modular design Advanced grid support features
ABB central inverters have a high total The inverters are designed for fast and ABB central inverter software includes
efficiency level. Optimized and accurate easy installation. The industrial design all the latest grid support and monitoring
system control and a maximum power and modular platform provides a wide features including active power limitation,
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm together range of options like remote monitoring, low voltage ride through (LVRT) with
with high efficiency power converter fieldbus connection and modular and current feed-in and reactive power
design ensure that maximum energy flexible DC input cabinet. The integrated control. Active and reactive power output
is delivered to the power distribution DC cabinet saves space and costs as can be limited by using an external
network from the PV modules. For the solar array junction boxes can be source. Active power can also be
end users this generates the highest connected directly to the inverter DC limited automatically as a function of
possible revenues from the feed-in cabinet fused busbars. The inverters are grid frequency.
tariffs. customized to meet end user needs and
are available with short delivery times. All grid support functions are
Proven ABB components parameterized allowing easy adjusting
The inverters comprise proven ABB Effective connectivity to power for local utility requirements. ABB
components with a long track record of distribution network central inverters are also able to support
performance excellence in demanding ABB’s transformerless central inverter grid stability even at night by providing
applications and harsh environments. series enables system integrators reactive power with the DC input
Equipped with extensive electrical and to design the PV power plant using disconnected.
mechanical protection, the inverters optimum combination of different power
are engineered to provide a long and rating inverters. Inverters are connected
reliable service life of at least 20 years. to the medium voltage (MV) power
distribution network either centrally or
in a distributed manner depending on
the plant size and shape and network
connection position.
1) 5) 10)
Recommended maximum input power +/- 10% For the smallest number of protected inputs.
2) 6)
Optional MCB inputs, 80 A inputs At nominal power See the user manual for details.
3) 7)
100 and 250 kW units at 40 °C. 315 and Inverter side must be IT type
8)
630 kW at 45 °C. 500, 875 and 1000 kW at 50 °C. Without auxiliary power consumption at min U DC
4) 9)
At 25 °C. See the user manual for details. 115 V, 60 Hz optional
EMC
EMC
Filter
filter
filter
3
Control
and
monitor
EMC
Filter
EMC
filter
filter
Control
and
monitor
11) 15)
Frosting is not allowed. May need optional cabinet heating. At partial power typically < 70 dBA
12) 16)
Power derating after 40 °C/45 °C/50 °C Optional
13) 17)
Power derating above 1000 m More detailed information, please contact ABB
14) 18)
With option 2000 to 4000 m Also during the night
Fieldbus
Local PC
MV power network
Electricity Data
Accessories
− Solar array junction boxes with string
monitoring
− Remote monitoring solutions
OSSC into Solar Service:
Total Project consultancy for Solar Projects (Single window Solution)
Detailed Engineering for Solar PV Power Plants
Pre-bid consultation
Sourcing Management services to Solar companies - for both the developer & EPC contractors
Pre-feasibility studies, Site Survey, Detail Project Report of PV projects
Market research for PV projects, production units and upcoming & existing PV companies
Owner’s engineering & Lender’s engineering services for PV production line & projects
O&M services for Large scale PV Projects
We operate from West Bengal, India & provide services related to solar PV through the world. Some of
our key achievements are:
Done projects for 20+ different countries around the globe including USA, Germany, France,
UAE, Qatar, Australia etc.
Have expertise in IEC, NEC, AS/NZS, BS, IBC, NFPA & IEC code compliances
650MW+ projects (Design engineering, consulting, project management & execution)
A team of experienced & Internationally qualified Project Managers & Engineers
To our existing clients, from now on, we are accepting 50% payment after job completion. To more,
write to us @ info@omsaisolar.com And +91 8116401052
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