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Example 3.1 Raft Foundation On Sand Given: A Raft Measuring 40
Example 3.1 Raft Foundation On Sand Given: A Raft Measuring 40
15 Proble ms
Example 3.1 Raft foundation on sand
Determine: The allowable soil pressure if the maximum settlement is not to exceed 2 in. (5.0cm)
10'
Z
40'
Section
B1 B2
80' B5
B3 B4
Solution:
= 0.055 Z
=0 0.28 0.55 0.67 0.79 0.91 1.03 1.14 1.26 1.38 1.50 tsf
Cn = 0 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 Depth
10 12 15 18 18 22 9 11 13 16 10
16 17 22 24 18 20 15 16 17 19 15
12 13 17 19 14 15 19 21 20 22 20
19 19 14 14 15 15 16 16 24 24 25
26 26 23 23 17 17 22 22 23 23 30
20 20 18 18 17 17 25 25 28 25 35
31 28 25 23 23 21 37 33 31 28 40
27 24 35 32 28 25 41 37 37 33 45
35 32 27 24 27 24 33 31 35 32 50
Avg. * 21 22 20 23 25
Cw = 0.5
= 0.6
*Since settlement governs and FS (BC) is high, we can use SPT values to depth B below raft.
A raft 12 m x 18.0 m in plan has its base 3 m below the surface of a deep deposit of saturated
clay. If = 19.0 kN/m3 and the unconfined compressive strength is 80 kPa find the total weight
of buildings plus foundations that can be safely supported by the raft.
3m
i. Bearing Capacity
= 5 x 40 x 1.133 x 1.050
= 238 kPa
= 136 kPa
ii. Settlement
In the case of a framed structure founded on isolated footings, the differential
settlements between pairs of columns are a relatively simple calculation. The settlement
below the centre of a footing is considered and an allowance is made for the variation of
stress and hence settlement over any horizontal plane.
The situation is very different in raft foundations. Differential settlement is
controlled by the rigidity of the raft and a complete structural analysis of the raft which
considers the interaction between structural deflection and contact pressure is required.
Column A Column B
Determine the size of a rectangular footing for the conditions shown on Fig Ex. 3.3
6.1 m
Col.A Col.B
0.5 m 0.6 m
1.5 m
Elevation
Plan
Fig Ex. 3.3
The allowable net soil pressure is15 kPa for (D.L. + Reduced L.L.)
Solution:Rectangular Footing:
= 1760 kN
= 2340 kN
The footing should be proportioned to give a uniform sub grade reaction under DL and reduced
L.L.
Substitution of the appropriate column loads for this loading case into Eq. 3.11 gives the location
of the resultant load as eA = 3.67 m to the right of Col. A,
Eq. 11 gives eA = 3.80 m so that the eccentricity of the resultant load from the centre o fthe
footing is,