BACHELOR OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTS

JANUARY 2017

SBST1303

ELEMENTARY STATISTICS

MATRICULATION NO : 93111805504601
IDENTITY CARD NO. : 931118-05-5046
TELEPHONE NO. : 010-3701792/06-6779845
E-MAIL : jamunaranisathasivam@gmail.com
LEARNING CENTRE : OPEN UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA
(SEREMBAN)
 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
QUESTION 1

A) I)
STUDENTS
TAKING SEMESTER SEMESTER SEMESTER SEMESTER SEMESTER TOTAL
ELEMENTARY 1 2 3 4 5
STATISTICS

FREQUENCY 21 20 13 8 2 64

TABLE 1.A: Frequency Distribution of the Student’s Semester of Study.

B) II)
PERCENTAGE
SEMESTER(x) FREQUENCY(f) RELATIVE OF RELATIVE
FREQUENCY FREQUENCY (%)

1 21 0.33 33
2 20 0.31 31
3 13 0.20 20
4 8 0.13 13
5 2 0.03 3
TOTAL 64 1 100

TABLE 1.2A: Relative Frequency Distribution Table.

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)

B)

Semester of Students taking Elementary Statistics

25

20
FREQUENCY

15

10

0
SEMESTER 1 SEMESTER 2 SEMESTER 3 SEMESTER 4 SEMESTER 5

CLASS

FIGURE 1.B: Bar Chart for the Number of Students Taking Elementary Statistics
Each Semester.

C) The figure 1.B is the bar chart of this distribution. As can be seen, the bar for
“Semester 1” category shows the highest frequency of 21 students more than
“Semester 2” which decreased to 20 students. “Semester 3” and “Semester 4” respectively
declined to 13 and 8 students only. The graph shows a pattern that the number of students
taking elementary statistics each semester is gradually decreased until finally 2 students
only for category “semester 5”.

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)

QUESTION 2
A)
K=1+3.3 log (n)
K=1+3.3 log (40)
K=6.3 or 6.0
HIGHEST NUMBER – LOWEST NUMBER = CLASS WIDTH
K
57-12 = 7.5 OR 8.0 (USE 8 AS CLASS WIDTH)
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CLASS FREQUENCY RELATIVE RELATIVE UPPER LOWER CLASS
(f) FREQUENCY FREQUENCY BOUNDARY BOUNDARY MIDPOINT(X)
(%)

12-19 𝟕 𝟕
𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟓𝟎 𝟓𝟎
7 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒 = 𝟏𝟒 19.5 11.5 12.5

20-27 𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟕 𝟐𝟕 + 𝟐𝟖 𝟏𝟗 + 𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟎 + 𝟐𝟕 Formatted: Line spacing: single

𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟓𝟎 𝟓𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
17 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟒 =34 = 𝟐𝟕. 𝟓 = 𝟏𝟗. 𝟓 =23.5

28-35 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟑𝟓 + 𝟑𝟔 𝟐𝟕 + 𝟐𝟖 𝟐𝟖 + 𝟑𝟓 Formatted: Line spacing: single

𝐗𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 𝟐𝟎
𝟓𝟎 𝟓𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
10 = 𝟎. 𝟐 = 𝟐𝟕. 𝟓 = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟓
= 𝟑𝟓. 𝟓
36-43 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟑 + 𝟒𝟒 𝟑𝟓 + 𝟑𝟔 𝟑𝟔 + 𝟒𝟑 Formatted: Line spacing: single
𝟓𝟎 𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 𝟖
4 𝟓𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖 = 𝟑𝟓. 𝟓 = 𝟑𝟗. 𝟓
= 𝟒𝟑. 𝟓
44-51 𝟏
𝟏 𝟓𝟏 + 𝟓𝟐 𝟒𝟑 + 𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒 + 𝟓𝟏 Formatted: Line spacing: single
𝟓𝟎 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟎
1 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐
𝟓𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
= 𝟒𝟑. 𝟓 = 𝟒𝟕. 𝟓
=𝟐 = 𝟓𝟏. 𝟓
52-59 𝟏
𝟏 59.5 𝟓𝟏 + 𝟓𝟐 𝟓𝟐 + 𝟓𝟗 Formatted: Line spacing: single
𝟓𝟎 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟎
1 𝟓𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 Formatted: Line spacing: single
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐 =51.5 =55.5
=𝟐

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
Table 2.A Shows Relative Frequency, Upper Boundary, Lower Boundary And Class
Midpoint Of Frequency Distribution Table On The Amount Of Protein (In grams) For
Variety Of Burgers From Selected fast-Food Restaurants In Klang Valley.

B)

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Amount of Protein in Burgers
16

14

12
FREQUENCY

10

0
12-19 20-27 28-35 36-43 44-51 52-59
CLASS

Figure 2.B: Histogram For The Amount Of Protein (In Grams) For a Variety of
Burgers from Selected Fast Food Restaurants in Klang Valley.

C) As per observation from Figure 2.B, one can easily tell the proportion or percentage
of amounts of protein (in grams) that are divided in particular class in a variety of burgers
selected from fast-food restaurants In Klang Valley. For example, there is only about 0.14
or 14% of the amount of protein (in grams) between ‘class 12-19’. we can also roughly
tell that about 54% (i.e. 34+20) of the amount of protein (in grams) can be find between
‘class 20 and 35’.there is only about 12% of protein (in grams) in ‘class 36 and above’.

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)

QUESTION 3

Rearranging data set of CGPA

3.86 3.83 3.80 3.80 3.78

3.78 3.77 3.76 3.75 3.74
3.74 3.74 3.73 3.73 3.70
3.70 3.70 3.68 3.67 3.67
3.66 3.65 3.64 3.64 3.57

A) Calculate

I) Mean

3.80+3.77+3.70+3.74+3.70+3.86+3.76+3.68+3.67+3.57+3.83+3.70+3.80+3.74+

3.67+3.78+3.74+3.73+3.65+3.66+3.75+3.64+3.78+3.73+3.64

25

𝟗𝟑.𝟎𝟗
= = 𝟑. 𝟕𝟐
𝟐𝟓

II) Median
𝟏
X= (𝒏 + 𝟏)
𝟐

𝟏
X= (𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏)
𝟐

𝟏
X = 𝟐 (𝟐𝟔)

=13TH Position.

The Median is 3.73.

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)

III) Mode

3.57+3.64+3.64+3.65+3.66+3.67+3.67+3.68+3.70+3.70+3.70+3.73+3.73+3.74+3.74+

3.74+3.75+3.76+3.77+3.78+3.78+3.80+3.80+3.83+3.86.

Since numbers 3.70 and 3.74 occur three times, this set is bimodal data.

The modes are 3.70 and 3.74.

B)

The average CGPA of top 25 undergraduates is 3.72. The middle CGPA of the list of
25 undergraduates is 3.74 and most of the students achieve CGPA of 3.74 and 3.70.
In conclusion, mean (3.72) < median (3.74) ≤ mode (3.74). Thus, the shape of
distribution of the CGPA will skewed to the left and since there are 2 modes so the
data set will be bimodal.

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
QUESTION 4

Standard Deviation for Each Team

I) TEAM A

X x-µ (𝒙 − µ)𝟐

3 3-3=0 0

3 3-3=0 0

5 5-3=2 4

3 3-3=0 0

1 1-3= -2 4

SUM=15 SUM=8

15 Ʃ(𝒙−µ)𝟐 𝟓
µ= =3 = = 𝟏. 𝟔
5 𝒏 𝟑

σ=√Ʃ(𝒙−µ)
𝟐

=√𝟏. 𝟔 =1.265

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
II) TEAM B

X x-µ (𝒙 − µ)𝟐

3 3-1.8=1.2 1.44

3 1.2 1.44

0 -1.8 3.24

2 0.2 0.04

1 -0.8 0.64

SUM=9 SUM=6.8

𝟗 Ʃ(𝒙−µ)𝟐 𝟔.𝟖
µ= = 𝟏. 𝟖 = = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟔
𝟓 𝒏 𝟓

σ=√Ʃ(𝒙−µ)
𝟐

=√𝟏. 𝟑𝟔

=1.166

B) COFFICIENT OF VARIATION

σ
CV= X 100
µ

𝟏.𝟐𝟔𝟓
= 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟑

=42.17%

II) TEAM B

σ
CV= µ X 100

𝟏.𝟏𝟔𝟔
= 𝑿 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟏.𝟖

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
=64.78%

Data set team B has larger coefficient variation (64.78%) while data set team A is

more consistent (42.17%). DATA set team B is more consistent and reliable

compare to data set team A.

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
QUESTION 5

TYPE OF 103 104 119 TOTAL

SHOW/CHANNEL

TELE MOVIE 5 2 1 8

REALITY SHOW 3 2 8 13

DRAMA SERIES 4 4 2 10

TOTAL 12 8 11 31

A) Probability of Tele movie or Channel 104 Programmes

P=TELEMOVIE+CHANNEL 104 -TELEMOVIE

𝟖 𝟖 𝟐 𝟏𝟒
= + - =
𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟏

Not mutually exclusive

B) Probability of Drama Series or Reality Show

I) Drama Series
𝟒+𝟒+𝟐 𝟏𝟎
= =
𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟏

II) Reality Show

𝟑+𝟐+𝟖 𝟏𝟑
= 𝟑𝟏
=𝟑𝟏

P=Drama Series + Reality Show

𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟑
= +
𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟏

𝟐𝟑
=𝟑𝟏

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
Mutually Exclusive

C) Probability of Channel 119 and Drama Series

𝟐
=
𝟑𝟏

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 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS (SBST1303)
REFERENCES

 Keller, K. (2005). Statistics for management and economics (7th ed.). Thomson.
 Hogg, R. V., McKean, J. W., & Craig, A. T. (2005). Introduction to mathematical
statistics (6th. ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
 Mann, P. S. (2001). Introductory statistics. John Wiley & Sons.
 Miller, I., & Miller, M. (2004). John FreundÊs mathematical statistics with
applications (7th. ed.). Prentice Hall.
 Mohd. Kidin Shahran. (2000). Statistik perihalan dan kebarangkalian. Kuala
Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
 Wackerly, D. D., Mendenhall III, W., & Scheaffer, R. L. (2002). Mathematical
statistics with applications (6th. ed.). Duxbury Advanced Series.
 Walpole, R. E., Myers, R. H., Myers, S. L., & Ye, K. (2002). Probability and
statistics for engineers and scientists. Pearson Education International.

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