VERBOS MODALES: CAN/COULD/MUST/MUSTN’T/SHOULD

USOS AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA INTERROGATIVA

-Habilidad en Sujeto+can+v.infinitivo+compl. Sujeto+can’t+v.infinit.+compl (part.integ)can+sujeto+infinitive+compl.?
presente. e.g.: e.g.: e.g.:
CAN -Pedir I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they can play I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they can’t play chess. can I/you/he/she/it/we/they play the piano?
basketball.
(Poder) /conceder/negar
permiso.
-Posibilidad.
-Habilidad en Sujeto+could+infinitivo+compl. Sujeto+couldn’t+infinitive+compl. (part.integ)could+sujeto+infinitive+comp.?
pasado. e.g.: e.g.: e.g.:
COULD I/you/he/she/it/we/they could swim with I/you/he/she/it/we/they couldn’t swim with 3 years Could I/you/she/he/it/we/they swim with 3 years old?
-Pedir permiso
(Pude/podia) muy formalmente. 3years old. old.
-Posibilidad.
-Deber, obligación Sujeto+must+infinitive+compl. (part.intg.)+must+sujeto+infinitive+comp?
MUST en presente. e.g.: e.g.:
(Deber) I/you/he/she/it/we/they must study. Must we pay for the tickets, mum?

MUSTN’T -Prohibición. Sujeto+mustn’t+infinitive+compl.

e.g.:
(No deber) You mustn’t talk in the library.
-Consejo: Sujeto+should+infinitivo+comp Sujeto+shouldn’t+infinitive+comp (part.intg)+should+sujeto+infinit.+compl.?
SHOULD dar/negar/pedir e.g.: e.g.: e.g.:
(Debería) consejo. I/you/he/she/it/we/they should study I/you/he/she/it/we/they shouldn’t be late at school. Should I/you/he/she/it/we/they eat more vegetables?
harder.
VERBOS SEMIMODALES: BE ABLE TO/HAVE TO/NEED TO
-Habilidad en Sujeto+will be+able to+infint+compl. Sujeto+won’t be+able to+infint+comp. Will+sujeto+be+able to+infinit+compl.?
futuro, presente Sujeto+have/has been+able to+infint.com. Sujeto+haven’t/hasn’t been+ableto+infinit+compl. Have/has+sujeto+been+able to+infinit.+comp?
BE ABLE TO Sujeto+would be+able to+infinitive+comp Sujeto+wouldn’t be+able to+infinit+comple.
perfecto, Would+sujeto+be+able to+infinitive+compl.?
(SER CAPAZ DE) e.g.: e.g.: e.g.:
condicional. He will be able to arrive at the airport. They won’t be able to speak to the director. Will she be able to drive her car?
-Deber/obligación Sujeto+have/has/had to+infinitive+compl. Do/does/did+ sujeto+have to+infinitive+compl.?
HAVE TO en presente/pasado. e.g.: e.g.:
(TENER QUE) He has/had to study for the exam. Did they have to bring their presents?

DON’T/DOESN’T/DIDN’T -No necesidad de Sujeto +don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to+infinit.+com.

HAVE TO hacer algo. e.g.:
(NO TENER NECESIDAD) She doesn’t have to wash up; her mum has done it.
NEED TO -Necesidad de hacer Sujeto+need/needs to+infini+comp Do/Does + sujeto+ need to+ infinitive+ compl.?
(NECESITAR HACER) algo.(presente) e.g.: she needs to paint her bedroom. e.g.: Does she need to paint her bedroom?
NEEDED TO -Necesidad de hacer Sujeto + needed to + infinitivo+ compl. Did + sujeto + need to + infinitive + comple.?
(NECESITABA HACER) algo. (pasado) e.g.: he needed to study for his exam. e.g.: Did he need to study for his exam?
DON’T/DOESN’T/DIDN’T -No necesidad de Sujeto+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to+infinit+comp
NEED TO hacer algo. e.g.: he doesn’t /didn’t need to study for his exam.
(NO NECESITAR HACER) (presente/pasado)
** Todos los verbos modales, no los semi-modales, tienen las mismas características: (1) Van seguidos de verbo infinitivo sin “to”. (2) Conjugan todas las personas del verbo igual. (3) Las negativas e
interrogativas se hacen con sus mismas formas.