SPILLWAYS 571

17.3.4. Entrance and Exit Channel

17.4. TYPES OF SPILLWAY

17.4.1. Free Overfall Spillway

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17.4.2. Ogee (Overflow) Spillway

Without corbel

With corbel
Corbel

Fig. 17.6 Ogee spillway with an overhang

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ho
Origin of
ho
coordinates
4

ho
8 Y

x
5
R= ho
16

Parabola
2
X = 2hoY

Fig. 17.7 Ogee crest for spillway with vertical upstream face

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ha

ha Ho
Origin
xc and apex of crest
x x
yc
R1 y
Y X n
R2 = –K ( )
P Ho Ho

Upstream face

(a) Elements of ogee - shaped crest profiles

0 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 ha/H0
0.56
3:3
0.52 2:3

0.48
0.44 (b) Values of K
1.88
(c) Values of n
1.84

1.80
2(H)
1.76
0.04 0.08 0.12 ha/HD 0.16
1.72
0.28 Apex of crest
Centre of curvature xc
0.26 for R2 is located at inter- yc
R1 b
section of arcs ab and cd
R2 c d
0.24
U/S face a
location of centre
0.22 for R2
(d) Values of xc
0.20

0.12

0.10

0.08
(e) Values of yc
0.06

0.04

0.55

0.50
R1 for 3:3
0.45 R2 for 3:3 =

0.40

0.35

0.30

0.25

0.20
(f) Values of R1 and R2
0.15

0 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20

ha/H0

Fig. 17.8 Parameters for ogee-shaped crest profile

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2.2

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.7
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
P/HO
(a) Variation of coefficient of discharge for ogee-
shaped crest with vertical uptream face

1.04
Slope of the upstream face
3(H):1(V)
1.02
2:3
1:3
1.00

0.98
0 0.5 1.0 1.5
P/Ho
(b)- Coefficient of discharge for ogee-
shaped crest with sloping uptream face
Fig. 17.9 (a and b). Variations of coefficient of dischrge for ogee spillway ( )

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1.00

hO
0.90
hd
HO

P d
0.80

0.76
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
(ho + d)/Ho
(c) Ratio of discharge coefficient due to apron effect

1.0

0.8
hO hd
0.6
HO
d
0.4 P

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
hd /Ho
(d) Ratio of discharge coefficient due to tailwater effect

1.1

1.0
ha
HO
He
0.9
P

0.8
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
He / Ho
(e) Coefficient of discharge for Ho other than the design head

Fig. 17.9 (c, d and e) Variations of coefficient of discharge for ogee spillway (4)

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17.4.3. SIDE-CHANNEL SPILLWAY

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River

(a) Plan

Reservoir water surface

Water surface profile A
Overflow crest
Subcritical
depth Subcritical flow
Water surface profile ‘B’ Control
section
Subcritical Floor profile ‘A’
depth

Side channel
trough floor
profile
Discharge channel
floor profile ‘B’

(b) Side channel profile

Reservoir water surface

Overflow Water surface ‘A’

crest
Subcritical flow

Water surface ‘B’

Supercritical flow

(c) Side channel cross-section (X-X)

Fig. 17.10 Side-channel spillway

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17.4.4. Chute Spillway

Plan

Fig. 17.11 Chute spillway

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17.4.5. Shaft Spillway

Crest of dam

Spillway
intake Earthfill
Air vents Rockfill

Foundation Spillway
excavation line outlet

Spillway tunnel

Fig. 17.12 Shaft spillway

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H.W.S.

Funnel
Weir section

Free-falling
section

Funnel

Standard-
crested spillway
Flat-crested
spillway

Free-falling
section

Vertical
shaft
section

Fig. 17.13 Standard-crested and flat-crested profiles for shaft spillway

H h Spillway crest

x
Theoretical
sharp crest
R

Top of boil

Crotch

Fig. 17.14 Jet profile over standard-crested shaft spillway

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0.61 25

0.60 20

0.59 15

0.58 10
C1
C1 Boil

0.57 5

0.56 0

0.55 –5
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
H/R

Fig. 17.15 Variations of 1 and the ordinate / of the top

of boil for standard-crested shaft spillway (6)

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0.0
Crest
of
theoretical
weir
1

10
0 1 2 3 4 5
Values of x/H

Fig. 17.16 Profile of the undernappe of the standard-crested shaft spillway (6)

17.4.6. Siphon Spillway

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Air vent Crown

Upper limb or
upper leg
Hood or cowl
(Deprimer hood)
Throat
1 2
Siphon duct
Lower limb or
Entrance lip
lower leg
of hood
CREST Exit lip of hood
3
Inlet or mouth

Cup basin type

water seal

Fig. 17.17 Siphon spillway

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Full Full
reservoir reservoir
level level

Flexible
steel
plate
Joggle
or
tudel or
step

(a) Siphon spillway with a joggle (b) Siphon spillway with a flexible steel plate

Fig. 17.18 Priming of siphon spillway

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17.4.7. Cascade Spillway

Rock profile

FRL

River bed

Fig. 17.19 Cascade spillway

17.4.8. Tunnel Spillway

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