Abstract

TOPIC : IMPLICATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF

THE K-12 CURRICULUM TO THE

GRADE STUDENTS AT DIVINE WORD

COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI CITY SY 2017-

2018

RESEARCHERS : PIANDO, VERONICA . BALANA, KYLA JOYCE

. RITO, KARLA. MAGALONA,

BEATRISHA. ALAMIL, CHRISTIAN

TYPE OF DOCUMENT : UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH PAPER

This research approach will measure the overall effectiveness of the

implication of the implementation of the K-12 Curriculum to the Grade 10

students of Divine Word College of Legazpi. It covers how the

implementation of K-12 curriculum affects the Grade 10 students of

DWCL. Moreover, this study also tackles the advantages and

disadvantages of implementing the K-12 Curriculum to the Grade 10

students of DWCL.Specifically; this sought to answer the following

questions which are under the statement of the problem 1. What is the

extent of the implementation of the K-12 curriculum? 2. What are the

problems encountered by the persons who benefited the implementation

of the K-12 curriculum? 3. What are the recommendations to the

problems encountered?

The researchers made use of Quantitative analysis: surveys and

questionnaires in order to have a primary source of data. Some of the

research devices were also used by the researchers such as books,

encyclopedias, magazines, thesis as well as internet for additional

information.

We are interested to know how the implementation of the K-12

curriculum affects the students especially the grade 10 students. We also

want to know the advantages and disadvantages that the K-12

curriculum can give and for us to know if the implementation of the K-12

curriculum by the DepEd is successful as of now

The survey questionnaire was divided into three parts ; First, the

extent of the implementation of the K-12 curriculum. Second, the

problems encountered by the persons who benefited the implementation

of the K-12 curriculum. Third, the recommendations to the problems

encountered.

Through the data gathered from the survey questionnaire , the

following conclusion was formulated, 1.) The students that are involved in

the study said that the implementation of the K12 program that it is a

must, because the primary objective of the program is to improve the

quality of education so that, when the students finished the basic

education they will be more productive. 2.) The K-12 Program will not only

help the students but also our country in terms of Education. 3.) the most

important contribution of the program to the students is to improve their

abilities, and revolutionized the Philippines in terms of educational

attainment.

In line with this conclusion, the researchers recommend the

following: To Future researchers - looking for better and easiest ways of

doing your research papers could have greatly improved your findings.

Gathering information could be taken from various sources such as

books, encyclopedias, other thesis, and internet. To People - primary and

secondary sources could probably give you a big help in order to develop

your research papers. Acknowledge the importance of your topics to

emphasize the connection of your findings. To Groups - in performing

your research papers, communication and cooperation is needed to

provide the different information that comes in your group.

 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Education is particularly a very important aspect in life, it is said to

be the key to our own success. All the knowledge we adopt came from

educational institution which it has systems and programs. An educational

program is a program written by the institution or ministry of education

which determines the learning progress of each subject in all the stages

for formal education. This program gives feedbacks and helps students to

improve and build their own confidence.

One of the programs in DepED would be the K-12 curriculum. K-

12 education is an innovative education system newly implemented in the

Philippines. The K-12 curriculum as a general educational term typically

refers to the content being taught and the learning experiences students

have in the school setting in grades kindergarten through 12. This is part

of President Benigno “Noy-noy” Aquino III’s Educational Reform program.

The area of education has dominance over the conventional educational

systems as it puts more weight on thinking and reaching own self-

explanatory conclusions.

In K-12 education system, all the students are given individual

attention and hence they understand their subjects in a more practical

way. Teachers generally follow the tactic of asking students to work on a

lot of assignments since it develops an intellectual, yet interesting

learning habit. This method helps the students in revising what has been

taught previously. The traditional learning styles have their own merits,

but this new and innovative education strategy is superior in that It helps

the students work individualistically and find solutions on their own. This

strategy makes students self-determining, reliable and indulgent. It also

improves the relation between the teacher and students and brings a

warm classroom atmosphere. The P-Noy Administration also believes

that adding more years to basic education in the Philippines could help

solve the problem of unemployment, keep up global standards and help

Filipino students to have more time to choose the career that best suits

their skills.

In Divine Word College of Legazpi, the K-12 curriculum was held

last two years. The first batch who will be graduating in high school are in

the year 2018. The development of the students will also be the effect of

the institution's higher stage of educational career.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main objective of this study is to know if the K-12 curriculum must be

implemented it seeks to answer the following questions:

(1) What is the extent of the implementation of the K-12 Curriculum?

(2) What are the problems encountered by the persons who benefited the

implementation of the K-12 curriculum?

(3) What are the recommendations to the problem encountered?

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The scope of the study is located only at Divine Word College of

Legazpi. The data gathered comes from Grade 10 students regarding the

implementation of the K-12 program of Divine Word College of Legazpi

High School Department, S.Y 2017-2018.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will be useful to the following groups or person.

(1) Students. They are the secondary students from grade 7 to 12,

the study will help and enlighten the students to obtain academic

accomplishments which it will become beneficial. This will help

them to deepen their understanding about the implementations of

the K-12 curriculum.

(2) Teachers. This will enlighten them about the problems facing by

the students. It also helps them develop teaching techniques to

motivate the students with academic problem to learn and excel

more.

(3) DWCL Community. This includes the institution and the

community itself The DWCL will improve and have a higher

educational stage.

(4) Parents. This will help them in giving more knowledge and

guidance to their children and the program itself assists their child

to help them in their academic problem which their children/child

will not anymore rely on them.

(5) School Administrators. This will help the administrators to take

an action about the problem that are student-friendly and help the

school improve and/or attain higher educational stage.

(6) Researcher Itself. The researcher will gain information and learn

what they acquired making this study.

(7) Future Researchers. When they need guidance making related

study to our topic. It will help them from gathering information and

data.
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature

According to Mohit Chakrabatti in his book entitled “Value

Education: Changing Perspective”, the education for exercise of self

control in the greater interest of national integration should not be

regarded just an exercise but should be directed towards the specific

purpose of learning the value of discipline for self excellences and self-

ascent of personality.

Furthermore, also according to Maitreya Balsara in his book

entitled “Principles of Curriculum Reconstruction”, the changes imply

something new and something different. The degree of newness and

differentness is relative. In fact, much of the prominent change in higher

education might better be classified as renovation of older ideas than as

innovation. Whether renovation or innovation, academic change exhibits

several consistent patterns or characteristics in terms of strategy, stages,

participants, and elements. The process of curriculum changes involves

four stages recognition of need, planning and formulation of a solution,

initiation and implementation of the plan and institualization of the

change.
 Maitreya Balsara also has another book entitled “Distinctive

Characteristics of the subject Curriculum” it was stated that the subject

curriculum is an organization of the content of education into subjects of

instruction. In its extreme form the subjects are compartmentalized bodies

of knowledge, taught in complete isolation from one another, even from

those to which they are related as history may be taught completely

divorced from geography, economics, and sociology. Its less extreme

forms permit a certain degree of interrelation among the subjects; in a

correlated curriculum a subject is taught with reference to the contribution

which the content of the other subjects may make to the fullest

understanding of it.

Related studies

Furthermore, the study of Dejarme (2008) suggested that in order

for schools and universities to cope with new innovations, they should

keep at pace with the tempo of societal changes and technological

progress. The schools of today should participate in the educational and

social revolution. Thus, the curriculum in Philippine schools today has to

be geared to the rapid societal changes and the new responsibilities for

the new breed of Filipinos. The three most important sectors of society

that give direct input to the improvement of the curriculum are the
academe (institutions), the government, and the industries (both public

and private companies).

Manalo (2012) conducted a study about the Enhanced K – 12

program as Perceived by the Parents of Grade Six Pupils at Baao District,

Baao, Camarines Sur, School Year 2011-2012, this study is related to the

researchers study because this focus on the perception of parents and

reactions on K -12 implementation only differ on the respondents because

this study has a wider respondents than the researchers study.

Katigbak (2011) concluded that the use of teaching methods is

generally effective in teaching, but its effectiveness depends much on the

nature of the learners, the difficulty of the lesson, the availability and

adequacy of instructional materials, the teacher’s professional qualities

and the classroom climate. While instructional materials facilitate,

accelerate and make learning experiences more concrete, meaningful

and enjoyable, the students’ level of performance is still affected by the

effectiveness of the teacher and the teaching methods. It is measured

through varied teacher-made tests

According to Patricia B. Lieuanan in her book entitled “The

Philippines Journal Education”, this provides an overview of the level of

academic performance of the youth, measured on the basis of nationally

administered standardized test of scholastic aptitude and achievement.

These results describe the trends in academic achievement covering the

period from 1984 to the present.

Synthesis of the state-of-the-art

This study is similar to the study of Dejarme (2008) entitled

enhancing curriculum in Philippine Schools in response to Global

Community Challenges, wherein it is similar to the fact that implementing

K-12 curriculum will help: the country, students, community, and also the

economy. The improvement of the curriculum will become beneficial.

Furthermore, it is also similar to the study of Manalo (2012), wherein the

parents have problems to the new curriculum held by the DepEd.

It also has similarities to the book of Patricia Lieuanan wherein is

that the academic performances will be the basis to our competence in

some subjects that will lead to the result of our high school youth and

competencies for college work.

Gaps Bridged by the study

The K-12 curriculum help students to choose their career path

based on talents, interest, and the school‘s capacity. Their track choice

will define the subjects they will study in Grades 11 and 12.This lets them
learn topics and lessons that matches their developmental and cognitive

skills. In this curriculum there are 3 tracks: Academic; Technical-

Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports and Arts. In the Academic track

includes three strands: Accountancy and Business Management (ABM);

Humanities Education and Social Sciences (HESS); and Science

Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM), while in the Technical-

Vocational-Livelihood includes four strands: Agri- fishery art, Home

Economics, Industrial Arts, Information and communications Technology

(ICT), In Sports and Arts track the strand is related to sports and arts

Through relevancy, the students expect to gain in-depth

knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes through continuity and

consistency across every level and subject.

Theoretical Framework

This study is based on “Curriculum Development”. This theoretical

framework points out that the program itself will be the learning process of

the scholars. The K-12 curriculum is part of this theory. The development

of the curriculum is improved because of the few years added to our past

curriculum will help us be ready for the College Institution. The Curriculum

development contains: new ideas, modernization, and mandatory

attainment targets.
Implementation Curriculum
of the K-12
curriculum Development

Modernization New Ideas

Mandatory attainment targets

Fig. 1 Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

1. Determining the
perceived problems
Parents, teachers, regarding the Effectiveness of the
and students implementation of implementation of
the program. the K-12 curriculum
Information about to the Grade 10
the K-12 curriculum 2. Gaining students
Related Literature information about
the students Implication of
and Studies implementing the
perception about the
Theories K-12 program curriculum

3. Determining the
extent of the
implementation of
the K-12 curriculum
 Fig. 2 Conceptual Framework

The illustration above shows the Conceptual Framework to which

the study was for the Grade 10 students as the K-12 curriculum arrives.

The Process will be the reference for the set of questions which will be

the result to our objectives.

Definition of Terms

For clarity and better understanding the researcher define the following

terms conceptually and operationally.

1. Implication - The conclusion that can be drawn from something,

although it is not explicitly stated. The researchers’ defined this as the

effect or result of the K-12 curriculum

2. Students

(C) Any person involved in an institution In these study thus refers to the

Grade 10 students in DWCL.

3. Institution

(C) A society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social,

or similar purpose.
(O) The Divine Word College of Legazpi High school Department

4. Curriculum

(C) The K-12 curriculum which covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic

education

(O) The subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college

5. Implementation

(C) The process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution

(O)Making of the K-12 curriculum

 Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

Research Method

The method that we used is the descriptive method of research

and quantitative analysis, and this type of method has 3 ways a

researcher can go about doing a descriptive research project; the

observational, case study and survey. The way that we used to the type

of this method is the survey.

Sources of Data

In this study both primary and secondary resources are used. The

primary data collected is from the original record of the DepEd order and

the secondary sources that are collected is from books about education,

dictionary, and the thesis of Emy Lacorte about the K-12 Readiness. The

primary data collected was for the related literature. The secondary data

collected was for the related studies, introduction, and definition of terms.

These data used in combination as for the study.

Population of the study

Our respondents will the Grade 10 students from Divine Word

College of Legazpi. These respondents shall be chosen by a survey.

Grade 10 Sections: Students per section

1. St. Damasus 46

2. St. Damiane 45

3. St. Daniel 45

4. St. Denis 44

5. St. Dominic 45

Table 1. Population of the study

Research Instruments

The instrument the researchers used in gathering the primary data

would be a self-survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was held by the

researchers. It was used as the primary data gathering instrument with

focus on the implication of the implantation of the K-12 curriculum on

Grade 10 students along with the problems encountered on the

implementation of the K-12 program.

 The type of questions the researchers will be using is about how

the K-12 curriculum will affect the Grade 10 students, asking them if it

would be effective or not, and knowing of the point of implementing the

new curriculum.

Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers first held a meeting on what will they be doing in

the research and how it should be done. Then, they come up with the

topic and made 3 problems. After choosing their topic and making their 3

questions, they made the first chapter which is the introduction,

significance of the study, state of the problem, scope and delimitation,

and the end notes for Chapter 1. For the introduction the researcher’s

information comes from the secondary sources such as books and the

internet. Then, the researchers did the Chapter II; the related literature,

related studies, synthesis of the state-of-the-art, Gaps bridged by the

study, theoretical and conceptual framework, and end notes for Chapter 2

and definition of terms. The researchers used primary and secondary

sources for the gathering of the data. Then the Chapter 3, the research

method, sources of data, population of the study, that is the Grade 10

students, research instruments used in the study, the data gathering

procedure and the statistical tools. To the Chapter 4, the researchers

created a survey for gathering the data and to the Chapter 5 the

researchers made the summary, conclusions and the recommendation.

Statistical tools

P= f/n x 100
 Chapter 4

Implication of the implementation of the K-12 Curriculum to the

Grade 10 students of the DWCL JHS S.Y 2017-2018

In this chapter, the data gathered from the Grade 10 students in

Divine Word College of Legazpi in relation to the research objectives.

This chapter discusses the result of the survey questionnaires responded

by 50 participants. Table 1.1 shows the distribution of the respondents

according to their section.

Demographic Profile

Section Frequency Percentage

St. Damasus 10 20%

St. Damiane 10 20%

St. Daniel 10 20%

St. Denis 10 20%

St. Dominic 10 20%

TOTAL: 50 100%

Table 1.1

This table above shows the distribution of the survey

questionnaires to the 50 respondents according to their section in Grade

10 students and the total percentage is 100%

Sub-problem No.1

What is the extent of the implementation of the K-12 curriculum?

Question Frequency Average PERCENTAGE

mean

Do you agree in the 44 .88 88%

implementation of the K-

12 curriculum?

Will the K-12 curriculum 47 .94 94%

help you?

Do you think the 48 .96 96%

implementation of the K-

12 will provide more

opportunities for jobs?

Do you think that we are 19 .38 38%

ready or we have enough

facilities and equipment

to sustain the students’

need for the K-12

curriculum?

Do you think that there 42 .84 84%

will be changes in our

 economy and country in

the implementation of the

K-12 curriculum?

AVERAGE 200 .8 80%

Table 1.2

Where Frequency= who answered yes in the questionnaire

The table shows that almost the students were in favour of the K-

12 curriculum with 88% (44/50), the extent of the K-12 curriculum is that

we included the Students and if the K-12 curriculum will help them

(47/50), In opportunities for jobs (48/50), For facilities and equipment

(19/50), and also the economy and the country (42/50). However at this

time, students mostly disagree about the readiness, preparedness of the

equipment and the facilities they do not think that we are ready for this

kind of program.

Sub-problem no. 2

What are the problems encountered by the persons who benefited the

implementation of the K-12 curriculum?

Question Frequency Average mean PERCENTAGE

Do you think that the 37 .74 74%

teachers have
encountered problems in

implementing the K-12

curriculum?

Do you encounter some 35 0.7 70%

problems regarding the

Implementation of the

curriculum?

Table 1.3

The table 1.3 shows if the students and teachers have problems in the

implementation of the K-12 curriculum. Students think that the teachers

have encountered problems in implementing the K-12 curriculum with

(37/50) and the students who has problems with (35/50).

 What are your problems with implementing the K-12 curriculum?

Problems Frequency Average mean PERCENTAGE

Higher Expenses 42 .84 84%

Lack of materials, 30 .60 60%

equipment and facilities

Stress 40 .8 80%

Handling too much 36 .72 72%

subject

Takes too long for the 23 .46 46%

process of learning

Lack of government and 20 .40 40%

administration fund

Rushed training to the 24 .48 48%

teachers

Harder and more detailed 33 .66 66%

discussion

Adjustment of some 24 .48 48%

institution because they

are used to the old

program
 Cannot afford to pay and 22 .44 44%

the tendency is you will

drop

Table 1.4

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 Percentage
Frequency

Where Frequency= who checked the box at a given statement

The table 1.4 shows the problems by the persons who benefited the

implementation of the K-12 curriculum. The highest percentage is the

higher expenses which it involves the students, parents, and the

institution itself which is 84% (42/50), stress with 80% (40/50), handling of

too much subject with 72% (36/50), harder and more detailed discussion
with 66% (33/50), Lack of materials, equipment and facilities with 60%

(30/50), Rushed trainings to the teachers with 48% (24/50), Adjustment of

some institution because they are used to the old program also with 48%

(24/50), Takes too long for the process of learning with 46% (23/50),

Cannot afford to pay and the tendency is you will drop with 44% (22/50),

and lack of government and administration fund with 40% (20/50).

Sub-problem No. 3

What are the recommendations to the problems encountered?

Question Frequency Average mean PERCENTAGE

Do you have any 32 .64 64%

programs that help you?

Programs Percentage

ESC 64%

Scholarship 2%

Table 1.5

The table shows that the students who have any assistance from the

administration and all the students who agree that they have programs,

the program that they all have is ESC. And 2% in scholarship (1/50)
 Chapter 5

Summary of the Findings, Conclusion, Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary, findings, and conclusion taken

from the results of the study. It also provides recommendations drawn

from the conclusion which are deemed important.

Summary

This study aimed to determine the extent of readiness and those who

are in favour on the implementation of K-12 program in selected Grade 10

students of Divine Word College of Legazpi.

Through data gathering procedure the researchers collected all

the findings and summarized them according to their percentage

Below is the summary of the findings:

1. Demographic Profile

1.1 There are 10 respondents for every section in the Grade 10

level in Divine Word College of Legazpi.

2. What is the extent of the implementation of the K-12

curriculum?

2.1 Majority of the students agree in the implementation the K-12

curriculum.
 2.2 Majority of the students think that the K-12 curriculum may be

helpful.

2.3 Majority of the students think that the K-12 curriculum will

provide more opportunities for jobs.

2.4 Majority of the students do not think that we are ready or we

do not have enough facilities and equipment to sustain the

students’ need for the K-12 curriculum.

2.5 Majority of the students think that there will be changes in our

economy and country in the implementation of the K-12

curriculum.

3. What are the problems encountered by the persons who

benefited the implementation of the K-12 curriculum ?

3.1 Majority of the students think that the teachers have

encountered problems in implementing the K-12 curriculum.

3.2 Majority of the students encountered some problems

regarding the implementation of the curriculum.

3.3 The problems in implementing the K-12 curriculum are :

Higher Expenses, Lack of materials, equipment and facilities,

Stress, Handling too much subject, Takes too long for the

process of learning, Lack of government and administration

fund, Rushed training to the teachers, Harder and more

detailed discussion, Adjustment of some institution because

 they are used to the old program, and Cannot afford to pay

and the tendency is you will drop.

3.4 Majority of the students think that higher expense is one of

the problems with implementing the K-12 curriculum.

3.5 Most of the students think that lack of materials, equipment

and facilities is one of the problems with implementing the K-

12 curriculum.

3.6 Majority of the students think that stress is one of the

problems with implementing the K-12 curriculum.

3.7 Most of the students think that handling too much subject is

one of the problems with implementing the K-12 curriculum.

3.8 Less of the students think that it takes too long for the

process of learning is one of the problems with implementing

the K-12 curriculum.

3.9 Less of the students think that it is lack of government and

administration fund is one of the problems with implementing

the K-12 curriculum.

3.10 Less of the students do not think that rushed training to the

teachers is one of the problems with implementing the K-12

curriculum.

3.11 Most of the students think that harder and more detailed

discussion is one of the problems with implementing the K-12

curriculum.
 3.12 Less of the students think that adjustment of some

instution because they are used to the old program is one of

the problems with implementing the K-12 curriculum.

3.13 Less of the students think that cannot afford to pay and the

tendency is you will drop is one of the problems with

implementing the K-12 curriculum.

4. What are the recommendations to the problems

encountered?

4.1 The students has programs that will help them with the

implementing the K-12 program.

4.2 Majority of the students have the ESC program

4.3 Only 1 in the 50 respondents has scholarship program

Conclusion

According to the researchers, the following conclusion are proven

;the students that are involved in the study said that the implementation of

the K12 program that it is a must, because the primary objective of the

program is to improve the quality of education so that, when the students

finished the basic education they will be more productive. The K-12

Program will not only help the students but also our country in terms of

Education
The most important contribution of the program to the students is to

improve their abilities, and revolutionized the Philippines in terms of

educational attainment.

Recommendation

Grade 10 students must realize that senior high school is very

important to our life. If the grade 10 students finish senior high schools

their life would be easier. Because the teachers/lessons/ facilities in

senior high school is like on college. The Grade 10 students should finish

senior high so that we can make a great result in our lives. We realized

that the only solution on this problem is to have patience and study hard

so that the result would be successful. We must encourage the grade 10

students to do well and to study hard so that senior high won't be a

problem on our lives. The senior high facilities should be better because

that may also improve the study of a student. As for the problems

encountered by the students especially for higher expenses, you may

apply to scholarship programs, and the DepEd is putting a solution to the

problems encountered for the teachers and the shortages. For the

improvement of the findings and solution to the problem, the students

must participate to this new implemented program for better results. For

the future researchers, we recommend that you’ll encourage the people

who are benefited of this curriculum to help yourselves, the government,

and to others that are involve.

 Bibliography

BOOK

Chakrabatti, Mohit. “Value Education: Changing Perspective”, New Delhi:

Kanishka Publishers, 2008.

Balsara, Maitreya. ”Principles of Curriculum Reconstruction and

Distinctive Characteristics of the subject curriculum”. New Delhi: Kanishka

Publishers, 2006.

INTERNET

Munjaal, Vyom. “Importance of the K-12 Education System”, 2009.Ezine

Articles. September 5, 2017<http://ezinearticles.com/?Importance-of-the-

K-12-Education-System&id=3428452

“Alternative Education Purpose”, 2004. K12 Academics. September 5,

2017<http://www.k12academics.com/

UNPUBLISHED THESIS

Parica, Rechelain. “Parents Perceived Problems Regarding the Implementation

of K – 12 Program”, Thesis. University of Northeastern Philippines Iriga City,

2013

Lacorte, Emy. “Readiness”, Thesis. Polytechnic University of the

Philippines, 2014