NAME: Grant Anderson

Preliminary Concept Matrix: Fall 2018

Please read this very simple handout before starting your preliminary concept matrix: http://tcwrite.smumn.edu/wp-
content/uploads/2017/10/LitRevMatrix_TC.pdf
1. Preliminary topic of your study (this should be narrowed down from yesterday’s task)
How can one best increase efficiency in engines through use of boost? Turbochargers suffer from a lag in response because of the
latency caused by having to wait for exhaust gases to move, but reduce engine resistance, and superchargers are the opposite in
that they do not suffer from a considerable amount of lag, but they reduce the efficiency in comparison. While these are currently
used almost exclusively separately, a combination of the two with the addition of fundamental hybrid technology concepts could
lead to a compromise in technology and create a better option than either separately.

Identify the key word using technical definitions according to your field of study (if you are paraphrasing – please be very concise
and specific, use proper APA citation. If you are using a direct definition, use proper APA citation). Please alphabetize your terms
in alphabetical order. You may also use a specific concept(S) as well. Add as many rows as necessary
Alphabetize your key Identify as Key Word Technical Definition According to Field of Study
words or Concept
Turbocharger Key Word A turbocharger consists of a compressor wheel and exhaust gas turbine wheel coupled
together by a solid shaft and that is used to boost the intake air pressure of an internal
combustion engine (dieselnet.com)
Efficiency Concept the ratio of the useful work performed by a machine or in a process to the total energy
expended or heat taken in (dictionary.com)
Electric Supercharger Key word compression turbine designed to be run by an electric motor, increasing efficiency (Sharer
and Flemming)
Hybridization Concept Today's hybrids supplement a gasoline or diesel-fueled internal combustion engine with an
electric motor/generator to provide traction (Sharer and Fleming)
Air Pressure concept Force of Air on a surface
Volumetric Efficiency concept The amount of air actually sucked in, compared to the theoretical amount
if the engine could maintain atmospheric pressure (
Diesel Engine key word Engine powered by compression ignition of gas-air mixture
Example of a preliminary concept matrix from:
Klopper, R & Lubbe, S. (2007). The matrix method of literature review. Alternation. 14(1), 262-276.

Preliminary Concept Matrix

Step 1: Start by filling in the References and concepts section with the references found in your Media Center discovery (*only if it
pertains to your preliminary topic of study. If you have changed your topic, you will need to do more detailed search to maximize your
time on this topic).
Step 2: Look over your key terms and concepts (subtopics) that you have identified. Fill in the key terms and concepts accordingly
(alphabetically). You may create more columns and rows as needed.
You should have at least 15 - 20 (or more) references so that you can dwindle down to the best 10 (min). Please remember that this is
the foundation to inform you about your area/topic of interest. To make this meaningful, please know that you are learning something
new and/or something you are interested to find out more about.

Preliminary topic of your study: How can one best increase efficiency in engines through use of boost? Turbochargers suffer from a
lag in response because of the latency caused by having to wait for exhaust gases to move, but reduce engine resistance, and
superchargers are the opposite in that they do not suffer from a considerable amount of lag, but they reduce the efficiency in
comparison. While these are currently used almost exclusively separately, a combination of the two with the addition of fundamental
hybrid technology concepts could lead to a compromise in technology and create a better option than either separately.

Concepts Turbocharger Efficiency Electric Hybridiz Air Pressure Volumetric Diesel

References Supercharger ation Efficiency Engine
Just the last name
and date will do
for this column
Dahad 2016 x x sorta sorta x x
Docksai 2012 x x
Gilogly 2015 x x
Hansen 2017 x x x
Jääskeläinen 2017 x x x x
Kalaczynski 2017 x x
Kolmanovsky x x x x x
Mazeika 2015 x x
Muqeem 2015 x x x x x
Noor 2014 x x x x x
Sharer 2011 x x x x
Sridara 2016 x x x x
Hybrid Lite 2011 x x x
Spin 2001 x x
Shaaban 2012 x x x x x

Complete your APA references below:

References
Jääskeläinen, H., Khair, M. K. (2017, November). Turbocharger Fundamentals. Retrieved from the Science in Context database
Sharer, M., & Flemming, F. J. (2011, October). Electric supercharger provides big boost for gas & diesel engines: electric motor-
driven supercharger runs independent of engine speed, providing maximum horsepower boost and allowing engines to be sized
smaller and to provide better fuel efficiency. Design News, 66(10), F10. Retrieved from the Student Resources in Context
Database.
Hybrid Lite: everything but the battery. (2011, November). Mechanical Engineering-CIME, 133(11), 29. Retrieved from the Science
in Context Database
Kalaczynski, T., Lukasiewicz, M., Musial, J., Szczutkowski, M., Polasik, R., & Wojciechowski, H. (2017). Assessment of the
vehicle supercharging system operational functionality on the turbocharger example. Vibroengineering Procedia, 13, 52+.
Retrieved from the Science in context database

Hansen Engine Corporation. (2017) SUPERCHARGER TECHNOLOGY. Retrieved from http://www.hansen-

engine.com/technology.html

Mazeika, D., Lendraitis, M., Bubulis, A., & Bartkus, A. (2015). Air flow pressure drop research of vehicle air filter with different
inner liner design. Vibroengineering Procedia, 6, 268+. Retrieved from the Science in Context database

Docksai, R. (2012, July-August). Harvesting vehicles' waste heat: an innovative car-exhaust mechanism could raise cars' energy
efficiency by 20%. The Futurist, 46(4), 7+. Retrieved from the Student Resources database

A positive spin. (2001, February 19). Automotive News, 75(5917), 18. Retrieved from the Science in context database

Gillogly, B. (2015, May). Spotters guides: wastegate and blow-off valves. Hot Rod, 68(5), 102. Retrieved from the Science in Context
database
Muqueem, M., Ahmad M., & Sherwani, A.F. (2015, July-August) Turbocharging of diesel engine for improving performance and
exhaust emissions: A review. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. 12(4) 22-29. Retrieved from the Science in
Context database

Kolmanovsky, I., Stefanopoulou, A.G., Powell, B.K. Improving turbocharged diesel engine operation with turbo power assist system
Dearborn. UC Santa Barbara.

Noor, A.M., Puteh, R.C., Rajoo, S. (2014, March) Waste heat recovery technologies in turbocharged automotive engine – A review.
Journal of Modern Science and Technology. 2(1). Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/37f9/3a33e53801d4ea6104db3d714fb72f2d069a.pdf

Sridara, S.R., Tejaas, V.R., Nagarjun, R.K. (2016, August). Automotive-turbocharger based gas turbine engine used to produce
electricity. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 6(8). Retrieved from http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-
0816/ijsrp-p5621.pdf

Dahad, A., & Joglekar, A.S. (2016, March-April). Effect of variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) on diesel engine. International
Journal of Trend in Research and Development. 3(2). Retrieved from http://www.ijtrd.com/papers/IJTRD3688.pdf

Shaaban, S., & Seume, J. (2012). Impact of turbocharger non-adiabatic operation on engine volumetric efficiency and turbo lag.
International Journal Of Rotating Machinery, 1. doi:10.1155/2012/625453