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fudy÷r úksúo

fldiaj;af;a wßhúu, ysñ'

osuq;= uqøKd,h
wxl 103$A kqjr mdr, hlal,.
ÿr( 033-2239662 $ 077-8829705
úoHq;a ;emE,( dimuthupub@yahoo.com
oyï fmd;a lshùu i|yd msúfikak.
fjí( www.dhammadanabooks.com
 ii

O¾uodkh msKi
s hs'

wf,ú lsÍu msKi

s fkd fõ'

fudy÷r úksúo

m%:u uqøKh ( 2016

© ( fldiaj;af;a wßhúu, ysñ'

ISBN. 978-955-95963-2-5

uqøKh ( Èuq;= uqøKd,h

103$A kqjmdr" hlal,'

m%ldYkh ( l¾;D m%ldYkh

wdhH_ksfla;kh"
261 $ 1" ã" mrlkafoKsh"
bUq,af.dv'
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msÿu

O¾uldó

ie±yej;a

ieug

fu;a is;ska'

fldiaj;af;a wßhúu, ysñ'

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 v

fmrjok'

nqÿrcdKka jykafia jrla fufia jod<y' —uyfKks"

uu kqU,dg ish,a, foaYkd lrñ' uyfKks" ish,a, hkq
l=ulao@ wei;a rEmh;a" lk;a Yíoh;a" kdih;a .kaOh;a"
Èj;a rih;a" lh;a myi;a" uki;a Oïu;a h' uyfKks"
hfula uu fï ish,a, m%;sfCIam fldg wfkla ish,a,la
mKjkafkñhs lshkafka kï th jpk ud;%hla muKs'
úuiqjfyd;a Tmamqlr fmkajkakg fkd yelalla muKs'
w;sf¾l fjfyilg meñKSula muKs' thg fya;= ljf¾ o@
úIh ke;s luhs'˜ ix( ks( iín iQ;%h'

f,dalfha fudkjd ;snqK;a mqoa,hdf.a w;a±lSï iSud

jkafka i<dh;ksl iïnkaO;djg h' iir f.dvk.kafka
fï i<dh;ksl iïnkaO;djhs' wei yd rEm" lk yd Yío"
kdih yd .kaOh" Èj yd rih" lh yd fMdÜGính" uki
yd Oïu hk wcaCO;a;sl yd ndysr wka; fol w;r
ixfhdackh ùula ke;' bkaøsh yd wruqK m%;Hh lrf.k
mqoa., ukfia hï Pkaord.hla jkafka kï th tys
ixfhdackhhs' mqoa,hd nef|kafka ta Pkaord.hghs'
;Kaydjghs' fï ;Kayd lrkafka uOHfhys jQ ú[a[dKh
úiska ujkq ,nk kdurEm ms<sìUqjghs' ta ms<sìUqj ndysrj
we;s foh yeáhg;a th w;aolskakd ;ud yeáhg mqoa.,hd
is;=j o" th Pkao uQ,lj" wdh;k iam¾Yfhka iuqoh jQ
ukisldrfhka ìys jQ ú|Sï ye|skSï fÉ;kd jYfhka
ú[a[dKfha ieliqk ms<sìUqjls' kdurEmfhys msysá fï
ú[a[dKh wNsixL; ú[a[dKhhs' wruqKq .ekSfï §
 vi

m%;Hh jkafka úkaok i[acdkk ixfp;k iam¾Y

ukisldr hk fï kdu O¾u;a WmdodhrEm;a nj kqjKska
fkd ±lSu fudayhhs' fï m%;H iïnkaO;dj kqjKska
olskafka kï fudy÷r úksúo hkafka túghs' kdurEmfhys
msysá ú[a[dKh Wmdodk Nj cd;s crdurK ÿlg u`.
mdohs' ry;ka jykafiaf.a w¾y;a M,iudêfha § we;af;a
kdurEmfhys fkd msysá ú[a[dKhhs' wdh;s mqkíNjh
i|yd kdurEm ;ekSula tys ke;' kdurEmh we;sj
ke;sjk O¾u;djla nj kqjKska olsk úg wÊCO;a;sl
wdh;k ksreoaO fõ' rEm" Yíod § i[a[d o uelS hhs'
ksjk jkafka fï i<dh;k ksfrdaOhhs' ^i<dh;ksfrdfOd
ksíndkx&

fï zfudy÷r úksúoZ fmd;a msxp ?iehQfõ hg lS

lreK hï ;rulg fyda f;areï .ekSug O¾uldókag
Wmldrhla fõ h hk woyisks'

fï fmd;a msxfÉ uqøK lghq;= uekeúka bgq l<"

hlal, Èuq;= uqøKd,hdêm;s" tÉ' tï tÉ' nKavdr uy;aud
we;=¿ ld¾h uKav,hg uf.a mqKHdkqfudaokd mQ¾jl
ia;=;sh fuys § msßkuñ'

fldiaj;af;a wßhúu, ysñ'

wdhH_ksfla;kh"
261 $ 1" ã" mrlkafoKsh"
bUq,af.dv'
2016
 vii

bÕsje,

01' msúiqu '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 09 - 12

02' ysf;a yeá'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 12 - 13

03' mqyqÿka is; fldhsng o@ '''''''''''''''''''''' 13 - 15

04' mqyqÿka nfõ wd§kjh'''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 15 - 21

05' fudayfha ;ru '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 21 - 23

06' uu;ajh f,dl= u .eg¨jhs ''''''''''''''' 23 - 27

07' fudayh ielfikafka flfia o@ ''''' 27 - 36

08' fudayh ±k.kakg wiSre wehs@ ''''''''' 36 - 39

09' f,dalm%{ma;sh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 39 - 43

10' fï ál;a ±k.kak '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 43 - 51

11' f.ayis;fhka ffkYal%uHhg '''''''''''' 51 - 61

12' úksúo hd hq;= uOHh ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 61 - 65

13' pQ<fjo,a, iQ;%fhka '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 65 - 69

14' uÊfCO iQ;%fhka ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 69 - 71

15' wÿlaLuiqLdfõokd uÊfCO''''''''''''''''''' 71 - 73

16' MiaiksfrdfOd uÊfCO''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 73 - 77

17' mÉpqmamkakx uÊfCO'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 77 - 81

18' kdufha;a rEmfha;a uOHh jk

ú[a[dKh''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 81 - 85
 viii

19' wÊCO;a;sl ndysr wdh;khkaf.a

uOHh jQ ú[a[dKh''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 85 - 87

20' ilaldhksfrdfOd uÊfCO'''''''''''''''''''' 87 - 92

21' iudf,dapkh'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 92 - 96
 9

fudy÷r úksúo

01' msúiqu (

jrla uy¨ ysñkula jk ud¨ÙlHmq;a; yduqÿrefjda

nqÿrcdKka jykafia yuqjg meñKs,d wm%udoj flf,ia
;jkak flá nKla jodrkakehs b,a,d isáh' zTn fyd|g u
jhig .sys,a,d flá wjjdohla b,a,kjd kï uu ;reK
NsCIQkag fudlla o lshkafkZ lsh, ta wjia:dfj nqoqrcdKka
jykafia m%ldY l<d' tfyu m%ldY lrkak we;af;a ta
ysñhka ;=< wm%ud§ ùug fm<Uùula jYfhka O¾udkql+,
ixfõ.hla we;slsÍu msKsi fjkak ´k' yqfola wm%idoh
m<lsÍula yeáhg fkd fjkak we;s' ta wjia:dfõ §
ud¨ÙlHmq;a; yduqÿrefjda zuu uy¿ ;uhs' ta;a ug wm%udoh
msKsi wjjdohla fokakeZhs kej;;a b,a,d isáh'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia .eg¨jhs úi÷uhs fyd|g meyeÈ,s jk
flá nKla foaYkd l<d' ±ka wms ta flá foiqu fyd|ska
y÷kd.ksuq'

zzud¨ÙlHmq;a;" Tn plaLq ú[a[dKfhka oek.;

hq;= rEm l,ska oel, ke;akï" oeka olskafk;a ke;akï"
u;= olskafkñhs is;l=;a ke;akï Tng rEm .ek leue;a;la
rd.hla fm%auhla ;sfhkjd o@ zke; iajdóks'Z fida;
ú[a[dKfhka" >dK ú[a[dKfhka" ðõyd
ú[a[dKfhka" ldh ú[a[dKfhka" ufkda ú[a[dKfhka
oek.; hq;= wruqKq l,ska ,n, ke;akï" oeka ,nkafk;a
 10

ke;akï" u;= ,nkakg is;l=;a ke;akï tajd .ek

leue;a;la" rd.hla" fm%auhla ;sfhkjd o@ zke;" iajdóks'Z

fï m%Yak lsÍfuka wmg meyeÈ,s jk jeo.;a

lreKla ;sfhkjd' fudlla o" ta@ yeu iir meje;aula u
bkaøsh w;a±lSï l%uhla lshk tlhs' w;S;fha ú|.;a bkaøsh
w;a±lSï n÷ w;a±lSï ±kq;a ,nkjd kï u;=;a ,efíjdhs
leu;s fjkjd kï iir ksujkafka kï keye' w;a±lSï
wkqNj lrk uu flfkla we;ehs o" w;aolsk fohla we;ehs
o" ta w;a±lSï uf.a hhs o is;k iajNdjh we;s ;dla iif¾
ksudjla fkd olskjd we;' wms kej;;a iQ;% foaYkdj
fj;g yefruq' fu;ek § hg lS lreK meyeÈ,s lr,
nqÿrcdKka jykafia ;j;a jeo.;a lreKla foaYkd l<d'

—ud¨ÙlHmq;a;" fuys kqUg osÜG iq; uq; ú[a[d;

jYfhka o;hq;= lreKq w;=frka ÿgqfhys ÿgq muK jkafka
h' weiqfjys weiQ muK jkafka h' ±kqfkys ±kqK muK
jkafka h' is;=fkys is;=k muK jkafka h' ud¨ÙlHmq;a;"
hï lf,l kqUg ÈÜG iq; uq; ú[a[d; O¾uhka w;=frka
ÿgqfjys ÿgq muKla jkafka o" weiqfKys weiQ muKla
jkafka o" ±kqfkys ±kqK muKla jkafka o" is;=fkys is;+
muKla jkafka o tl,ays Tn thska ^rd.fhka r;a jQfjla"
oafõIfhka ¥Is; jQfjla" fudayfhka uq<d jQfjla& fkdfjhs'
^;f;d ;ajx ud¨ÙlHmq;;
a k f;k& Tn thska fkd jkafka
kï tl,ays Tn tys fkd msysgkafka h' ^hf;d ;ajx
ud¨ÙlHmq;a; k f;k ;f;d ;ajx ud¨ÙlHmq;a; k ;;a:'&
 11

hï lf,l Tn wruqfKys fkd msysgkakyq kï ^hf;d ;ajx

ud¨ÙlHmq;a; k ;;a:&" tl,ays Un fuys o fkd jkafka h'
^fkj bO& tys o fkd jkafka h' ^k yqrx& ta w;r o fkd
jkafka h' ^k WNhuka;frk& ÿfla fl<jr ´lhs'ZZ
^tfijkaf;d ÿlaLiai&1 hkqfjka nqÿrcdKka jykafia
jod<y'

fï flá nfKka wjYH ish,a, u lshefjkjd'

wei;a rEmh;a" lk;a Yíoh;a" kdih;a .kaOh;a" Èj;a
rih;a" lh;a myi;a" uki;a wruqKq fufkys lsÍu;a ;uhs
wmf.a meje;au ms<sn| ish,a,' fï Miaidh;k ih
l%shd;aul ùu ;uhs" iir meje;au' l¾u ìysùu'
WmdodkialkaO f.dvke.Su' fmr Njfha wdh;k
l%shdldß;ajh ksid ieliqK ;DIaKd Wmdodk fï Njhg
fya;= jqKd' oeka l%shd;aul jkafk;a ta úÈh u kï u;=
Njhl=;a ksielj u ielfiaú' iir ksu fkd ù mej;Sfï
ryi ´lhs' we;ehs lshd i,ld .;a m%sh wruqKq j, wef,k
fldg rd.fhka r;a fjkjd' we;ehs lshd i,ld .;a wm%sh
wruqKqj, .efgk fldg oafjIfhka ¥Is; fjkjd' m%sh fyda
wm%sh fyda fkd jk wruqKq j,È;a tajd we;s foa jYfhka
.kakd ksid fudayfhka uq<d fjkjd' fï iajNdjh ljqre;a
lSjdg fkdfjhs" ;ud ;=<ska u y÷kd.ekSuhs wjYH'
t;fldg th ;udf.a u wjfndaOhla' ta wjfndaOh ilia
lr.kakg ál ál O¾uh f;areï .kakg ´k' iïudÈÜÀh
ÈhqKq lr.kakg ´k' iïudÈÜÀh lshkafka iiqka uf.a

1 ix( ks( 4" ud¨xlHmq;a; iQ;%h" 156$ 158 msgq" nq( c( uq(
 12

fiiq wx. ish,a,g fmrgqj .uk lrk O¾uh nj wu;l

lrkak tmd' —l:[ap NslaLfj iïudÈÜÀ mqínÙ.ud
fyd;s˜ lsh, u( ks( uydp;a;dÍil iQ;%fhys —uyfKks"
iïudÈÜÀh mQ¾jx.u O¾uh jkafka flfia o˜" hkak
úfYaIfhka idlÉPd jk nj i,lkak' ta ksid oyï uf.a
werUqug wjYH O¾u ú.%yhka f;areï .kakhs fï oyï
,shú,af,a § n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkafk'

02' ysf;a yeá(

wms m<uqj ys;uq iir.; i;ajhl=f. ixl,amkd

f,dalh fldhs jf.a o lsh,' ta lreK fidhkak fyd| u
;ek ;ukaf. is;' wms wfma ys;a .ek ;u ;ud fjk fjk
u fidh, n,uq' mqoa.,hd mshlre rEm olskak leu;shs'
ñysß Yío wikakg" ñysß wd>%dK ú¢kakg" ñysß ri
ú¢kakg" ñysß myi ,nkakg" tajd .ek ys; ys;d bkakg
leu;shs' fNda. iïm;a j,g Okhg n,hg leu;shs' fï
l%shd;aul fjkafka f,daNh' rd.h' fï iuÕ u fudayh
ne|s, ;sfhkjd' leu;s foaj,a wm ys;k ;rug u
,efnkafka kE' i;=lr .ekSfï § fkdfhla ndOl wjysr
lï we;sfjkj' ys; krla fjkj' ,enqK;a me;=fu ;rug
fkd fjhs' wvqmdvq f.dvhs' tfyu fj,djg u;=fjkafk
oafõIh' ;ryj' fkd reiaik lu' uQK weUq,a fj,d' fï
iajNdjhg O¾ufha lshkj má>h lsh,' ú£ï w;aolskafka
zuuZ h lsh, ye`.Sula fu;k ;sfhkjd' ;uka zm;k foaj,a
Z lsh, ye`.Sul=;a fu;k ;sfhkjd' ta foaj,a zuf.a Z h" zuu
 13

fjñZ h" zta udf.a wd;auhZ h hk ye`.Sul=;a ;sfhkjd'

zuf.aZ lsh, lshk fldg zuf.a whs;shZ lshk ye`.Sul=;a
;sfhkjd' zwhs;s lr.kak ´kZ lsh, ye`.Sul=;a ;sfhkjd'
zudf.a jákd foh" idrhZ lsh, ys;kafka Th úÈhg
w;aolsk foaj,a' fu;kÈ l%shd;aul fjkafka fudayh'
wúoHdj' ta jf.a u ñysß fyda wñysß fyda hk folg u
whs;s ke;s wruqKq;a fmakjd' wefykjd' wd>%dKh lrkjd'
ri oek.kakjd' iam¾Y lrkjd' tajd .ek;a is;sú,s my<
fjkjd' ta yeu fohla .ek u zienE jYfhka we;s foa Z
lsh,hs ys;kafka' fï iajNdjh;a zfudayhZ u ;uhs' fï
fudayh lshk iajNdjh .eUqrehs' uu;a we;a;hs' ud ñysß
jYfhka ,nk foaj¨;a we;a;hs' wñysß jYfhka ,nk
foaj¨;a we;a;hs' zñysß fyda wñysß fyda fkd jqk foaj¨;a
we;a;hsZ lsh, ;uhs" ixidßl i;ajhd i,lkafka' ^box
iÉpka;s u[a[;s&2 fïl we;a;hs lsh, tys u neyef.k
bkak fï iajNdjhg lshkjd zbox iÉpdNsksfjihZ lsh,'
mqyqÿka is;l iajNdjh ;uhs ta' tjka is;la iir ´kE u
uÜgfï ÿlla ksmojd.kak iqÿiqhs' ta jqK;a iuHla
iïnqÿjrhka jykafia kula f,dj my< fj,d fï nj
fy<sorõ lrk ;=re f,dalhd fï nj okafk kE'

03' mqyqÿka is; fldhsng o@

wms oeka fláfhka y÷kd .;af;a f,daNhhs oafõIhhs
fudayhhs mqoa.,hd ;=< ls%hd;aul jk nj' nqÿ nK yßyeá
oek.kakd ;=re fï iajNdjfha jrola we;ehs ixidßl
2 iq( ks( oajh;dkqmiaikd iQ;%h" 236 msg" nq( c( uq(
 14

mqoa.,hd olskafka keye' ;ud ms<sn| fya;= m%;H

iïnkaO;dj okafk;a keye' ;ud ixidßl i;ajfhla nj
okafk;a keye' is; ldu" jHdmdo" úysxid ixl,am j,g
újD;a;hs' fï .ek nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd lrkafka
fudlla o" lshk nj ±ka wms f;areï.kak n,uq'

zzoyu fkd okakd idudkH mqoa.,hd ÿla fõokdjla

iam¾Y l<du fYdal lrkjd' la,dka; fjkjd' lshj lshjd
je,fmkjd' mmqjg .y.ksñka y~kjd' uq<djg
meñfKkjd' lfha ÿl Bg iSud fkd lr ysf;a o ÿlla
yeáhg fo.=K lr.kakjd' ÿlaL fõokdj ksid fl%daOhg
m;afjkjd' fl%daOh isf;a ;eïm;a fjkjd' ^má>dkqifhd
wkqfi;s& ÿflka w;añfokak ´k ksid leu;s fjkafka
lduhg wh;a iqj fõokdjlg' wehs ta@ mialï iqjfhka
neyerj ÿla fõokdjkaf.ka w;añfok l%uhla Tyq fyda weh
fyda fkd okakd ksihs' lduiqLhg nef|kfldg rd.h ysf;a
;eïm;a fjkjd' ^rd.dkqifhd wkqfi;s& fõokdfõ we;sùu
yd ke;sùu ms<sn| fya;=M, rgdj okafka kE' wdYajdoh
okafka kE' wd§kj okafka kE' fõokdfjka ñ§ula okafka
kE' t;fldg wúoHdj ysf;a jefvkafk' ^wúÊcdkqifhd
wkqfi;s& iemla úkao;a ÿlla úkao;a fkd ÿla fkd iqj
fõokdjla úkao;a flf,ia iuÕ ixhqla; fj,d u hs
ú¢kafka' fï yokafka Njh' ta ksid crd urK fidal
 15

mßfoaj ÿla fodïkia Wmdhdi lshk ÿla ish,af,ka u hqla;

fjkjd'ZZ3

nqÿrcdKka jykafia i,a, iQ;%fha § foaYkd lrk

,o ldrKdjhs Th oelajQfha' f,daNh oafõIh fudayh hk
is;sú,s j, nrm;,lu fïlhs' iir w;S;fha § l<d jf.a
mqrdK l¾uh ksid ,enqK wdh;khkaf.ka oekq;a lrkafka
má>dkqihg" rd.dkqihg" wúÊcdkqihg jeàu kï u;=;a
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka th u kï isÿjkafka iir ksula
fkd oel jeä jYfhka ÿ.;s.dó fjñka u;= u;=;a Njhg u
we§uhs' bka ñfokakg kï l<hq;af;a fi;a Ydka;s l¾u
lsÍu fkdj" fï ish,af,a fya;= M, iïnkaO;dj;a tajdfha
ksfrdaOh;a ±lSuhs' wdiajdoh;a wd§kjh;a ksiairKh;a
±lSuhs'

04' mqyqÿka nfõ wd§kjh (

hg lS i,a, iQ;%d.; lreKq ál meyeÈ,s

lr.kakfldg iqLfõokdj f,daNhg;a ÿlaLfõokdj
oafõIhg;a wÿlaLuiqLfõokdj fudayhg;a iïnkaO jk nj
ldg;a meyeÈ,s fjkjd' mqoa.,hd idudkHfhka lhska
jpkfhka yd is;ska yeisfrkafka fï f,daN" oafjI" fuday
iajNdjfhka hqla;jhs' ixidßl i;ajhd iq.;s.dó fjkjdg
jeäfhka ÿ.;s.dó jkafka fï ksihs' ÿ.;s.dó ùu
lshkafka krl" ;sßika" fm%a;" wiqr lshk i;r wmdhg
3 ix( ks( 4" i,a, iQ;%h" 396 msg" nq( c( uq(
 16

jeàuhs' f,daN fodai fuday wl=Y, uQ, j,g iq.;shla ilia

lrkak Yla;shla kE' ta .ek nqÿjok fïlhs'
zzuyfKks" f,daNh ksid WmÈk l¾ufhka oafõIh
ksid WmÈk l¾ufhka fudayh ksid WmÈk l¾ufhka
foaj;ajh fyda ukqIH;ajh fyda fjk;a lsishï iq.;shla
fyda mekùula fkd fõ' B,Õg uyfKks" f,daNfhka
oafõIfhka fudayfhka WmÈk l¾uh ksid ksrh" ;sßika
nj" fm%a; úIh fyda fjk;a lsishï ÿ.;shla mekfõ'ZZ4
fï nqoaO jpkh ms<sn|j Tfí Y%oaOdj ;sfnkjd o
lshd n,kak' Y%oaOdj ;sfnkjd kï iir ÿl oel bka
ñ§ug is;a my< fjkjd we;' ÿ.;s ÿl myiq fohla iq¿
fohla fkd fõ' lE fudr È § ú¢kakg isÿ jkakls' we;eï
úg l,am .Kkla' fï nj oyfï lshefjk nj fndfyda
fokd oks;;a m%udKj;a Y%oaOdjla keye' Y%oaOdj lshkafka
ms<s.ekSu' wjxlj ms<s.ekSu' nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a
Ydia;D;ajh ksielj u ms<s.ekSuhs ta' ÿl Wmks#Y%h
lrf.k Y%oaOdj we;sjk nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd
5
lrkjd' ^ÿlaLQmksid ioaOd& wmf.a b÷rka u.ska wruqKq
w;aoelSu ;=<hs" ish¨ ÿla kss¾udKh fjkafka' iqjodhl

4 zzk NslaLfj f,dNfck lïfuk fodifck lïfuk

fudyfck lïfuk fojd m[a[dhka;s' ukqiaid m[a[dhka;s'
hd jd mk[a[dms ldÑ iq.;sfhd' w: fLd NslaLfj f,dNfck
lïfuk fodifck lïfuk fudyfck lïfuk ksrfhd
m[a[dh;s' ;srÉPdkfhdks m[a[dh;s' hd jd mk[a[dms ldÑ
ÿ.a.;sfhd'ZZ
wx( ks( 4" 96 msg" nq( c( uq(

5 ix( ks( 2" Wmksi iQ;%h" 50 msg" nq( c( uq(

 17

ú£ula wruqKq weiqfrka ,enqj;a th ÿ.;shg u. mdokjd'

ixidßl i;ajhd ta nj okafka keye' fï .ek nqÿjokska
muKhs" wmg oek.kakg wjia:djla ,efnkafka' ta ksid
;j álla nqÿrcdKka jykafiag ijka § n,uq'
idudkHfhka m%sh rEmhla weig fmfkk fldg ta
m%shNdjhg wms leu;s fjkjd' m%sh jQ ldu.=Ksl wruqKl
nef|k tfla lsisÿ jrola mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd olskafk kE'
tksid tjka ne|Sul m%;sM,h fudlla o lsh, wms álla
nqÿjoka wkqj úui, n,uq' wdÈ;a;mßhdh iQ;%fha §
nqÿrcdKka jykafia fï ms<sn|j fukak fufyu foaYkd
lrkjd'
zzweig fmfkk rEm ksñ;a;la wjhj jYfhka
n,ñka wdYajdofhys nef|kjdg jvd oji mqrd r;al<
.skshï hlv l+rlska wei msßue§u fyd|hs' wjhj jYfhka
n,ñka ksñ;a;dYajdofhys ne÷k l¾uú{dkh we;s
fj,djl mqoa.,hd l¨ßh lf<d;a ksrh fyda ;sßika
fhdaksh fyda hk .;s folska tllg meñfKkjd' ud fï
6
whqßka lshkafka fï wd§kjh oel,hs'ZZ

6 zzjrx NslaLfj ;;;a;dh wfhd i,dldh wdÈ;a;dh iïmÈ;a;dh

iïmÊc,s;dh ifcd;sN+;dh plaLqkaøshx iïM,sÜGx" k;afjj
plaLqúf[[fhHiq rEfmiq wkqnH[ackfid ksñ;a;.a.dfyd'
ksñ;a;iaido.Ó;x jd NslaLfj ú[a[dKx ;sÜGudkx
;sÜfGhH wkqnH[ackiaido .Ó;x jd ;iañx iufh ld,x
lfrhH Gdkfu;x úÊc;s hx oaúkak .;Skx w[a[;rx .;sx
.ÉfPhH ksrhx jd ;srÉPdkfhdksx jd' bux Äjdyx NslaLfj
wd§kjx Èiajd tjx jodñ'ZZ
ix( ks( 4" wdÈ;a;mßhdh iQ;%h" 332 msg" nq( c( uq(
 18

fï wdldrhg ioao" .kaO" ri" fMdÜGín"

Oïu hk wruqKq .ek o foaYkd lrkjd' fï ldrKh
bkaøsh wruqKq j,ska iqjhla m;k idudkH mqoa.,hd
okafkaj;a keye' ta lshkafka nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd
lrklï wms ljqrej;a okafka keye' tfia foaYkd lr
;snqK;a th ms<s.ekSug ;rï ys;la my< fjkafk;a
l,d;=rlska flkl=g' whl=g ysf;kak mq¿jka —wfma i;=g
u;g widOdrK f,i l¾uh lvdmd;a ùula˜ lsh,' fïl
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a u;hla fkdfjhs' iir iajNdjh
fuh ksiduhs tfia jodrkafka' wm flfrys we;s lreKdj
ksid u hs" th wmg meyeÈ,s lrfokafka' f,daNh;a
oafõIh;a fudayh;a iq.;shla fkd idok nj fuhska fyd|g
f;areï .kakg ´k' ixidr i;ajhd l,am fldaá .Kkla
;siafia jeä jYfhka ÿ.;s j, jefgñka ksrka;r crd urK
fidal mßfoj ÿla fodïkia Wmdhdihkag ,la fjñka mej;
tkafka fï f,daNh;a oafjIh;a fudayh;a ksid u h'
zfï is; È.= l,la ;siafia rd.fhkq;a oafõIfhkq;a
7
fudayfhkq;a ls<sá ù we;eZhs nqÿrcdKka jykafia
jodrkafka ta ksihs'

we,Sï jYfhka rd.h;a" .eàï jYfhka oafõIh;a

we;sfjkfldg ;udg u ta rd.h oafõIh y÷kd.kak
mq¿jka' ta;a fudayh lsh, iajNdjhla ;sfnkjd o lsh,j;a

7 zz§>r;a;ñox Ñ;a;x ixls,sÜGx rdf.k fodfik fudfykZZ

ix( ks( 3" ÿ;sh.oaÿ,noaO iQ;%h" 260 msg" nq( c( uq(
 19

ixidßl i;ajhd okafka keye' ta fudayh .ek u;=

úfYaIfhka f;areï .kak n,uq' m<uqj fï we,Su yd .eàu
^rd.h yd oafõIh& fol O¾udkql+,j meyeÈ,s lr.kak
n,uq' f,daNh" wdYdj" rd.h" lduh jrola lsh, ixidßl
i;aajhd yßyeá y÷kkafk keye' fïjd mqoa., ika;dkhl
iajNdj jYfhka u msysá O¾u fkdfjhs' tajd wruqKq ,nñka
ysf;a r|jd.ekSï yeáhg wd.ka;=l jYfhka isf;a wkqih
lr.;a;= is; ls<sálrk O¾u'8 ta nj fkd okakd idudkH
f,dalhd rd.h" f,daNh m%ydKh l<hq;= O¾u lsh,j;a
ys;kafka keye' ÿla fõokdjka u.yrjd .kak
iqjúkaokhla u fidhkafka ta ksid' fïl uy;a jHikhl
uq,la lsh, okafk keye' kqjKe;s flfkla meyeÈ,s lr,
ÿkak;a woykak ysf;kafka keye' wehs ta@ ldufhka f;dr
iemla fkd okak ksid' mialï iqjh w;yerefKd;a ÿfla
;ud lsh,hs ta wh is;kafka' ta ksid mxplduh u
wNskkaokh lrkjd' ^wNskkao;s& tkï( leu;s fjkjd' ta
.ek u mdrÜgq lr w.h lr l:dlrkjd' ^wNsjo;s& lduh
9
u ys;ska .s,f.k bkakjd' ^wÊfCOdidh ;sÜG;s& tfyu
wh mkais,amo myj;a rlsk tl ÿlla lsh, u hs ys;kafka'
ÿl ms<sl=,a lrñka iqLh u leu;s jk is; oafõIhg
újD;a;hs' uu;ajh iqjm;a lr.ekSug ndOd wjysr we;s
;ek oafõIhg m;a fjkjd' mqxÑ wmyiq lula j;a

8 zzwd.ka;=flys Wmlalsf,fiys Wmlals,sÜGx'ZZ

wx( ks(1" 20 msg" nq( c( uq(

9 u( ks( 1" uyd;KaydixLh iQ;%h" 624 msg" nq( c( uq(

 20

bjid.kak neye' wõj" jeiai" iq<`. iu.;a ;ud wleu;s

kï flaka;s .kakjd' mfha .,la uq,la yemqfKd;a talg;a
;ry .kakjd' ´k u flfkla tlal ;ry wdfjd;a
.efgkak miqng fjkafk kE' tfyu wh ljqre yß
nekafkd;a lsis mels,Sula ke;sj nKskjd u hs'
^wlafldika;x mÉplafldi;s& .egqug wdfjd;a .efgkjd u
hs' ^frdikakx máfrdi;s& .eyqfjd;a .ykjd u hs'
10
^NKavka;x máNKav;s& tfyu fkd lf<d;a ;udg
uÈlula lsh,hs ys;kafka' bjiqfjd;a bjikafka nhg u hs'
W.;alï ;snqK;a Okj;alï ;snqK;a n,j;alï ;snqK;a
tajdfhka fï ysf;a mqyqÿka iajNdjh fjkia fjkafka keye'
fï f,daNh ^rd.h& wl=i, uQ,hla' oafõIh wl=i, uQ,hla'
fudayh;a wl=i, uQ,hla'11 fï wl=i,uq,a ;shdf.k isák
;dla wl=i,a jefvkjd u hs' ta f.dvkef.kafka ÿla úmdl
ú¢hhq;= wl=i,l¾u u hs' ta ksid fï rd." oafõI" fuday
O¾u j, ;rd;sru álla wjfndaO lr.kak ´k' fïjdfha
;rd;sru .ek nqÿrcdKka jykafia jodrkafka fudlla o
lsh, n,uq'
1' rd.h lshkafka nrm;, lñka wvq jrola kuq;a
ñfokak wudre laf,aYhla' ^rdf.d wmamidjÊfcd
okaO úrd.S& ^rd.h w,amidjoHhs lshk tl
nqÿysñhka foaYkd lr we;;a wo iudch bÈßfha ta

10 wx( ks( 2" p;=;a: mámod iQ;%h" 294 msg" nq( c( uq(

11 zzf,dfNd wl=i,uQ,x fodfid wl=i,uQ,x fudfyd wl=i,uQ,xZZ

u( ks( 1" iïudÈÜÀ iQ;%h" 110 msg" nq( c( uq(
 21

nj u;la lrkakg is;g miq nEula we;s fjkjd'

idmrdë ird.S isÿ ùï W;aikak wo iudcfha
flfkla th jerÈhg yrjd .kakg bv we;s ksid'&

2' oafõIh lshkafka nrm;, lñka jeä jrola kuq;a

ñfokak wudre keye' ^fodfid uydidjÊfcd Åmam
úrd.S& oafõIhg lreKq jQ wruqfKka fjk;a
wruqKlg fhduQ ù oafõIh ksjd.kak mq¿jka'

3' fudayh lshkafka nrm;, lñkq;a jeä ñfokak;a

wudre laf,aYhla' fuhska fmfkkafka f,dl=
wl=Y,h fudayh njhs' ^fudfyd uydidjÊfcd okaO
12
úrd.S&

05' fudayfha ;ru(

fu;ekska jvd;a u nrm;, laf,aYh jkafka fudayh

nj ±ka wms y÷kd .;a;d' th jrÈkq;a úYd,hs' ñfokak;a
wudrehs' fudayh lshkafka fln÷ ;;a;ajhla o lshk lreK
l,skq;a álla meyeÈ,s lr ;sfnkjd fk' kej;;a ta
lreKg wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' fï fuday iajNdjh ksid
u hs rd.h we;s fjkafk;a' oafõIh we;s fjkak;a' fï
kqkqjKska fufkys lrk iajNdjhg lshkjd
zwfhdksfidukisldrhZ lsh,' kQmka rd.h WmÈkafk;a

12 wx( ks( 1" ;slksmd;" uydj.a." wgfjks iQ;%h" 356 msg" nq( c( uq(
 22

Wmka rd.h jefvkafk;a iqNksñ;s kqkqjKska fufkys

lsÍu ksid' zzuuZZ zzuf.aZZ lshk oDIaáh ;sfnK ksid' zzuuZZ"
zzuf.a lduhZZ" zzuf.a wdYajdohZZ lsh, is;kfldg rd.h
iu. iïnkaOhs' ta ;uhs rd.hg fudayfha iïnkaO;djh'
kQmka rd.h kQmÈkak;a Wmka rd.h m%ydKh fjkak;a
l<hq;af;a wiqNksñ;s kqjKska fufkys lsÍuhs' kQmka
oafõIh WmÈkafk;a Wmka oafõIh jefvkafk;a má>ksñ;s
kqKqjkska fufkys lsÍu ksid' uu;ajh" mqoa.,;ajh" foaj,a
we;s nj ksielj u ms<s.kak ukil fudayh ;uhs
;sfnkafka' zzuuZZ" uf.a wleue;a;ZZ" zzuf.a ÿla fõokdjZZ
lshk is;a iajNdjh oafõIh iu. iunkaOhs' ta ;uhs"
oafõIhg fudayfha we;s iïnkaOh' kQmka oafõIh
kQmÈkak;a Wmka oafõIh m%ydKh fjkak;a l<hq;af;a
ffu;%S fpf;dúuqla;sh jeãuhs' rd.hg;a oafõIhg;a
fudayfha we;s iïnkaO;dj fyd|ska f;areï .ekSu wjYHhs'
rd. is;la fyda oafõI is;la fyda u;= ù ke;s
wjia:djl jqK;a fudayh u;=fj,d ;sfnkjd' l=ula ksid o@
wfhdaksfidaukisldrfhka hq;= ksid' tkï kqkqjKska hq;=
ksid' kQmka fudayh WmÈkafk;a Wmka fudayh jefvkafk;a
wfhdaksfidaukisldrh ksid' zzuuZZ lshk yeÕSu neyer ù
ke;s ksid' ksielj u w;aolsk foaj,a flf,ia ;=<ska úmÍ;
jQ ix{d nj fkdokakd ksid' ieneúka u we;s foa yeáhg
ye`.Sul bkak ksid' oyï u. werUqfka ke;s flkl=f.a
we;af;a fï uq<d jQ ixcdkk uÜguhs' fuf;la úia;r l<
f,daNfha;a oafõIfha;a fudayfha;a kdk;ajh" fjki j.=jl
wkqidrfhka jvd;a meyeÈ,sj f;areï wr.kakg n,uq'
 23

rd.h oafõIh fudayh

wfhdaksfid- wfhdaksfid- wfhdksfida-
ukisldrfhka ukisldrfhka ukisldrh ksid
iqNksñ;s fufkys má>ksñ;s fudayh we;s fõ'
lsÍuksid rd.h fufkys lsÍu
we;s fõ' ksid oafõIh we;s
fõ'
w,amidjoHhs' uydidjoHhs' uydidjoHhs'
^jro jYfhka ^jro jYfhka ^jro jYfhka
n,.;= fkd fõ'& n,.;= h'& n,.;= h'&
okaOúrd.S h' Åmamúrd.S h' okaOúrd.S h'
^CIhlsÍu ^CIhlsÍu myiqhs'& ^CIhlsÍu
wmyiqhs'& wmyiqhs'&

06' uu;ajh f,dl= u .eg¨jhs(

zzuuZZ lshkafka fudlla o@ uola úui, n,uq' —fï

uu fjñ˜ hk fuh u[a[kdjla ye`.Sula muKs'
13
^whuyuiaó;s u[a[s;fu;x& fï iú[a[dKl lh;a
ndysr jYfhka we;s ish¨ ksñ;s;a weiqfrka wyxldr
uuxldr udk jYfhka zzuuZZ h' zzuf.aZZ h' zzuu fjñZZ
hkqfjka ;DIaKd oDIaá udk jYfhka wkqih ;;a;ajhg

13 ix( ks( 4" hjl,dmS iQ;%h" 386 msg" nq( c( uq(

 24

jefgñka l%shd;aul jkafka uu;ajhhs'14 fï iajNdjh tkï(

uu;ajh ;ud ;=< u l%shd;aul jk wdldrh kqjKska i,ld
n,k úg wmg u f;areï .; yelshs' ;u ;ud uu;ajh
bÈßhg ou, lghq;= lrkyeá fyd|ska úui, n,kak'

uQ,sl jYfhka wmg lh;a is;;a we;s nj oefkkjd'

fï zlhZ ;uhs zuuZ lsh, ys;kjd' weia lka kdih Èj lh
wmf.a rEmh yeáhg oefkkjd' th oekq.kq ,nkafka is;
úiska' weig wruqKq fjkafka j¾KrEm' lkg wruqKq
fjkafka ioaorEm' kdihg wruqKq fjkafka .kaOrEm' Èjg
wruqKq fjkafka rirEm' lhg wruqKq fjkafka
fMdÜGínrEm' ukig wruqKq fjkafka OïurEm' fï rEm
iïnkaO;djhg ukisldrh fhduq jk úg wruqKq iam¾Y
fjkjd' ú|.ekSu;a oefkkjd' ye¢k.ekSu;a oefkkjd'
fÉ;kd f.dv ke.Su;a isÿ fjkjd' fï rEm" ú£ï" ye£kSï
yd fÉ;kdj, msysá oekSï ^ú[a[dK& iajNdjhkq;a
oefkkjd' fï ;ukag ;ud isák nj oefkk l%shdj,shhs'

fï rEm w,a,d .ekSu rEm Wmdodkhhs' ú£ï w,a,d

.ekSu fõokd Wmdodkhhs' ye¢kSï w,a,d .ekSu i[a[d
Wmdodkhhs' fÉ;kd w,a,d .ekSu ixLdr Wmdodkhhs' oekSï
w,a,d .ekSu ú[a[dK Wmdodkhs' CIKhla ;=< my< jk
is;l jHQyh ;uhs" wms fï f;areï .;af;' f;drf;daxÑhla

14 zz''''buiañ[ap iú[a[dKfl ldfh nysoaOd p iínksñ;af;iq

wysxldruñxldrudkdkqihd'''''ZZ
ix( ks( 3" mGu rdyq, iQ;%h" 232 msg" nq( c( uq(
 25

ke;sj wruqfKka wruqKg mksñka is;sú,s f,dalhl

mg,efjk i;ajhd ;=< l%shd;aul jkafka fï
WmdodkialkaO is;a m%jdyhhs' fõ.j;aj we;sfjñka yd
ke;sfjñka mj;akd fï l%shdj,sh ;=< ke;sùu ^ksfrdaOh&
me;a; mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd olskafka keye' ta ksid tl u
ys;la lsh, ys;d.kakjd' uu;ajh hkq o CIKhla CIKhla
mdid uefjk ixl,amSh ;;a;ajhla nj okafka ke;s mqyqÿka
mqoa.,hd uu;ajh ;srir iajNdjhla yeáhghs" ys;df.k
bkafk' uu;ajh iemj;a lrkak .sys,a, fkdfhla wl=Y,a
lr.kakj' fï uu;ajh f.dvkef.k ;dla iir o we§
hkjd we;'
fï l%shdj,sh ms<sn| wkjfndaOh ksid uu;a"
foaj¨;a" ;ekq;a iaÓr i;Hhka lsh,hs" ixidßl i;ajhd
l,amkd lrkafka' fï fudayfha iajNdjhhs' fõ.j;a nj
ksid iuqoh yd ksfrdaOh wmg fkd fmfkk úg wms
olskafka tallhla yeáhg' wfma idudkH Ôú;fha §
w;aolsk lreKla weiqßka fuh myod .kakg n,uq' o,ajd
we;s úÿ,s mykla ksoiqkg .kak' úoHq;h CIKhla
CIKhla mdid ;rx. jYfhka .,d tk úg úÿ,s nqnq, o
oe,a jQ flfKys ksfjk" ksjqk flfKys oe,afjk
l%shdj,shla nj wms okakjd' ta fõ.h weiska w,a,d .kakg
iu;a ke;s ksid tl u wdf,dalhla yeáhghs" wmg
jegfykafka' tys ksfjk CIKh wmg wruqKq fjkafka
keye' is;a fõ.h;a wkak ta jf.a ;uhs' ksfrdaOh"
ke;sfjk me;a; oek.kakg neß fõ.hlska hqla;hs' rdis
ix{dj" ika;;sh fkd ±l >kix{djg jefgkafka
 26

ksfrdaOh fkd fmfkk ksid' is; ;rï jyd mßj¾;kh

jk fjk;a O¾uhla ;uka jykafia fkd olsk nj;a tys
mßj¾;k fõ.hg Wmudjla oelaúh fkd yels nj;a
nqÿrcdKka jykafia jodr;s'15 fï iajNdjhka wjfndaO
lrf.k f,dalhdg o ta wjfndaOh m%odkh lsÍu nqÿrcdKka
jykafia,df.a ld¾hhhs' tn÷ fõ.j;a is;a l%shdj,shlska
flf,ia iy.; f,i rEm" ú£ï" ye¢kSï" fp;kd" oekSï
jYfhka w;aoelSï ,nk úg ta w;aoelSï ienE ;;= yd fkd
.e,fmk ixl,amkduh ;;a;ajhla muKla nj kqjKska
f;areï .kakg ´k' fï nj fkd oek uu" wfkld" foaj,a"
;eka ms<sn| wmf.a ixl,am j,g u mg,efjkafka jerÈ
ukisldrh ksid' talg O¾ufha i|yka fjkafka
wfhdaksfidaukisldrh lsh,'
ukisldrh lshkafka zzfufkys ^ukfiys& lsÍuZZ
lshk tlhs' fufkys lsÍfukqhs" yeu iajNdjhla u m%Nj
fjkafka' zzukisldriïNjd iífíOïudZZ16 lsh, foaYkd
lf<a ta ksid' ukisldrfhka f;drj mqoa.,hdg lsisjla
lrkakg neye' ta ksid nqÿrcdKka jykafia m%;smodfõ §
fï ukisldrh kqjKska l%shd;aul lsÍu wkqu; l<d'
zzfhdksfidukisldrhZZ lshkafka thhs' idudkHfhka
ixidßl mqoa.,hd leue;a;" Pkaoh" wdYdj uq,alrf.khs

15 zzkdyx NslaLfj w[a[x tlOïuïms iukqmiaidñ hx tjx

,yqmßj;a;x h:hsox Ñ;a;x' hdj[aÑox NslaLfj Wmudhms k
iqlrd hdj ,yqmßj;a;x Ñ;a;ka;s'ZZ
wx( ks( 1" iQl j.a." 8 iQ;%h" 18 msg" nq( c( uq(

16 wx( ks( 6" uQ,l iQ;%h" 192 úg" nq( c( uq(

 27

ukisldrh fhdojkafka' ^PkaouQ,ld iífnOïud&17 ta wkqj

ukisldrh fhduqfjkfldg iam¾Yh ú£u" ;uhs"
u;=jkafka' ta ksid ukisldrh kqjKska isÿjkak ´k'
fhdaksfidaukisldrh ta msKsihs' mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd fï iam¾Y
ú£ï wkqNj lrkafka yqfola m%{ma;s ud;%hla yeáhg ys;,
fkdfjhs' ta lshkafka fya;= m%;H iïnkaO;djlska
mekk.sk O¾u fldgilaa lsh, ys;, fkdfjhs' yenE u
yenE foa yeáhg wrf.khs' mqoa.,hska fofofkla w;r we;s
jk mqxÑ wdrjqf,a b|, uy f,dl= hqoaO olajd .egqï
j¾Okh jkafka fï iam¾Y ú£ï we;a; foa yeáhg
ys;df.k bkak ksid'

07' fudayh ielfikafka flfia o@

mxpldu.=Khg whs;s wruqKq j,ska ,efnk

fidïkig lshkjd f.yis; fidaukiaih lssh,' f.yis;
lshkafka .sysnj yd ne÷k ^mialï iqjh yd ne÷k& lshk
f;areu we;s jpkhla' .sysÔú;h iu. ne÷k fidïkia
Tlafldau f.yis; fidukiaihg whs;shs' fï fudfydf;a
,efnk mxpldu.=Ksl wruqKq j,skq;a w;Sf; ,ndmq ldu
wruqKq kej; isysm;a lrñkq;a fidïkia fjkjd kï ta
f.yis; fidukiaihhs' hï m%sh jQ mxpldu.=Ksl wruqKq
j¾;udkfhys fkd ,eîu;a fmr fkd ,enQ m%sh wruqKq isys
lsÍu;a ;=<ska we;sjk fodïkig lshkjd f.yis;
17 wx( ks( 6" uQ,l iQ;%h" 192 úg" nq( c( uq(
 28

fodukiaih lsh,' wfhdaksfidaukisldrh tfyu ke;akï

fkd ksis fufkys lsÍu fï fidïkia fodïkia folg u
iïnkaOhs'

B,`.g wms y÷kd.ksuq f.yis; WfmaCIdj' .syn

s j
yd ne÷k WfmaCIdjla ;sfhkjd' fï WfmaCIdj fyd| tlla
fkd fjhs' fïl m%{dfjka f;dr WfmaCIdjla' rd. jYfhka
wef,kafk ke;sjqk;a oafõI jYfhka .efgkafk ke;sjqk;a
t;ek;a uyd jrola ;sfhkjd' idudkHfhka flkl=g
ysf;kafka we,Sï .eàï ke;s ksid jrola kE lsh,hs'
fu;k ;sfhkafka fudayh' rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y"
O¾u jYfhka wruqKq ,efnkfldg we¨k;a ke;;a tajd
ienE jYfhka we;s foa yeáhg ys;df.k bkak ksid fï
WfmaCIdj jefgkafka fudayhg nj fyd¢ka u;l
;shd.;hq;= lreKla' f.ayis; WfmaCIdj ;=< ;sfhkafk
wfhdaksfidaukisldrh" fu;ek m%{djla kE' wruqKq
w;aolskfldg tajdfha we;s ieáfhka fkdfjhs" mqyqÿka
mqoa.,hd w;aolskafka' úkaokh" y÷kd.ekSu" fÉ;kdj"
iam¾Yh" ukisldrh lshk kduO¾u Tiafia w,a,d.;a; hï
rEmO¾uhla ;uhs w;aolskafka'

zzmqoa.,hd olskjd wykjd lsh, wruqKq lrkafka

kdurEm muKhs' ±l oek.kafk;a tajduhs' fï úÈhg
kdurEm f.dvla oelal;a álla oelal;a tajdfha fudk u
hym;laj;a kE' l=i,iïmkak W;=uka kï tfyu hym;la
 29

Y=oaêhla ;sfhkjd lsh, lshkafka kE'ZZ18

fu;ek § mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd lshkafka fldhs jf.a

flfkl=g o lsh,;a oek.kak ´k' iuyre fndfydu
ieye,a¨j jf.a zzwms b;sx mD:lackfhdfkZ lsh,
lshkjdfk' ;u ;uka .ek ie,ls,af,ka ys;, n,kak
wjYH u lreKla fïl' fï f.yis; WfmaCIdj ;sfhk
mqyqÿkd fldfydu flfkla o@ múgq l%shd lrk múgq jpk
lshk" múgq is;ú
s ,s is;k flkdg lshkjd nd,hd ^nd,&
lsh,' kdurEm jYfhka ú[a[dKh úiska uj, fok
w;aoelSï f,dalh we;a;hs lsh, ys;df.k bkak ksid
mqyqÿkdg lshkjd uq<d jQ flkd ^uQ<ay& lsh,' flf,ia
mrojkak wjYH ud¾.h fkd ÈkQ flkd ^wfkdêðk&
mqyqÿfkla' l¾uúmdl CIh lsÍfï ud¾.h fkd ÈkQ flkd
^wúmdlðk& mqyqÿfkla' fï wruqKq f,dalhg /jà isàfï
ÿ¾úmdlh okafka ke;s flkd ^wkd§kjoiaidù& mqyqÿfkla'
tjekakd ÿ.;s Wm;g újD;a;hs' ÿ.;s Nhska fkd ñÿk
flfkla' fukak fï wdldr ,CIK ;ukag ;sfhkjd kï
;ud mqyqÿka nj oek.kak' ;;a;ajh fï úÈy kï jy jyd
bka w;añfokak lghq;= lrkak' fï lreKq nqÿrcdKka
jykafia wmg foaYkd lrkafka wm flfrys uy;a jQ
lreKdjlska nj f;areï.; hq;=hs' wmf.a wdOHd;añl

18 zzmiaix kfrd olaÅ;s kdurEmx

Èiajdk jd [iai;s ;dksfuj
ldux nyqx miai;= wmamlx jd
k ys f;k iqoaêx l=i,d joka;s'ZZ
iq( ks( uydjHqy iQ;%h" 913 .d:dj'
 30

;;a;ajh mqyqÿka núka ñfokakg wjYH mßÈ iïudÈÜÀh

O¾u m%;HfõCIKfhka ilia lr.kafka ke;sj wo jkúg
ieliS ;sfnk iudc ixialD;sl uÜgfï fn!oaOlulska kï
mqyqÿka nj blauùula isÿ fkd fõú'

wkd.dñ úidL .Dym;s;=ud;a OïuÈkakd ry;a

fufyfKsh;a w;r isÿjk O¾u idlÉPdjla jk
pQ<fõo,a,iQ;%fha fï fõokd ;=k .ek fyd| lreKla
idlÉPd fjkj' .Dym;s;=ud wykj' wdhH_dfjks"
iqLfõokdfõ iemh l=ula o@ ÿl l=ula o@ ÿlaLfõokdfõ
ÿl l=ula o@ iemh l=ula o@ wÿlaLuiqLfõokdfõ iemh
l=ula o@ ÿl l=ula o@ lsh,' fï m%Yakhg ms<s;=re fok
OïuÈkakd f;rKsh fok ms<s;=r wmg lreKq ldrKd
f;areï .ekSug b;d u jeo.;a' ry;a fufyKsh fok
ms<s;=r fïlhs'
—weje;a úidLfhks" iqLfjokdj ;shk tl iemhs'
fjkiajk tl ÿlhs' ÿlafõokdj ;sfhk tl ÿlhs'
fjkiajk tl iemhs' wÿlaLuiqLfõokdj okakd nj iemhs'
^[dKiqLd& fkd okakd nj ÿlhs'^w[a[dKÿlaLd&˜19

wÿlaLuiqL fõokdj fudayhg iïnkaO ksid ;uhs"

th fkd okakdlu ÿlla fjkafka' b;ska fï nd, fudav

19 —iqLd fLd wjqfid úidL fjokd À;siqLd úmßKduÿlaLd" ÿlaLd

fjokd À;sÿlaLd úmßKduiqLd" wÿlaLuiqLd fjokd [dKiqLd'
w[a[dKÿlaLd'˜
u( ks( 1" pQ<fjo,a, iQ;%h" 712 msg" nq( c( uq(
 31

mqyqÿka mqoa.,hdg ;sfnk m%{dfjka f;dr WfmCIdjg ;uhs"

f.yis; WfmaCIdj lshkafka' fïl fyd| tlla fkdfjhs
lsh, l,ska i|yka lf<a tal ksid' fudayh we;s ;ek fï
rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" is;sú,s ^O¾u& lshk wruqKq
iómfhys yeisfrkjd' ^Wmúpr;s& wehs ta@ fïjd
ú[a[dKh kue;s udhdlre úiska kdurEm jYfhka uj,
fok tajd nj fkd okakd ksid' fï w;aolskafka we;s
ieáfhka u fkd jk nj fkd okakd ksid' tneúka mqyqÿka
mqoa.,hd fï bkaøsh w;aoelSï ;;a;ajh w,a,d .ekSfï jrola
olskafk kE' nqÿnK yßyeá oek.kaklï olskafk u kE'
fï iajNdjh blaujkafka ke;akï yeuodu iifr u ;ud'
wehs ta@ wruqKq blauùula .ek okafka keyefka'
20
^kd;sj;a;;s& iú[a[dKl lh;a ndysr ksñ;s;a jYfhka
hï iajNdjhla w;aolskafka we;s ieáfhka u fkdj
flf,ia oyï ;=<ska úmÍ; jQ ix{d yeáhg hs' mqyqÿka is;la
kï flf,ia ;=<ska n,k neúka jefvkafka wiqNfhys
iqNix{djhs' wks;Hfhys ks;Hix{djhs' ÿflys iqLix{djhs'
wkd;aufhys wd;auix{djhs' mqyqoqka mqoa.,hdf.a
ix{dúm¾hdih fuhhs' ta ksid zuuZ ix{dj;a" zwruqKq
i;H jYfhka we;Z lshk uq<dj;a blaujk whqßka úoiqka
kqjK jvkak ´k'

wdOHd;añl wdh;khka yd ndysr wdh;khka

WmÈkafk;a ú[a[dKh úiska fjkalr ±k.;a foa

20 u( ks( 3" i<dh;k úNx. iQ;%h" 460 msg" nq( c( uq(

 32

jYfhkqhs' ndysr wruqKj

q , oejfgñka isákakd fia ±kqk;a
;uka ne£ isákafka kdurEm jYfhka w,a,d .;a ;udf.a u
ixl,amkd f,dalhlg fkao" lsh, ;ud u kqjKska úui,
n,kak' wei;a - rEmh;a w;r ;uhs mqoa.,hd foda,kh
fjkafka' ta úÈhg lk;a - Yíoh;a" kdih;a - .kaOh;a"
Èj;a - rih;a" lh;a - myi;a" is;;a - is;sú,s;a w;r
mqoa.,hd Tfya foda,kh fjkjd' ú[a[dKh úiska ujmq
fï iïnkaO;dj ÿlg uq, lsh, okafka kE' wruqKq
bkaøshhkag nef|kafk;a kE' bkaøshhka wruqKq j,g
nef|kafk;a kE' tfykï fudflag o mqoa.,hd nef|kafka'
fukak fu;k fyd|ska f;areï .kak' bkaøshkq;a wruqKq;a
fol m%;Hh lrf.k WmÈk Pkaord.hla fõ kï mqoa.,hd
nef|kafka wkak talghs' Pkaord.hghs'21 tkï( ;Kayd
iy.; ixl,amkdjghs' ta jqk;a mqyÿq ka mqoa.,hd ys;df.k
bkafka ;ud nef|kafka ndysr f,dalhg lsh,' neyeßka
fidhdf.k ;ud i;= lr .;hq;=hs lsh, ys;k iemhla
¨yqn¢ñka bkafka ta ksid' mqoa.,hd .efgkafk;a ;ud u
ujd.;a udkisl m%;súfrdaOhka iu.hs' ta;a mqoa.,hd
ys;kafka tajd ndysßka iliafjÉp foaj,a lsh,' fïl ;uhs
fudayfha iajNdjh'

±kgu;a okakjfk" mqoa.,hd ndysr f,dalh

w;aolskafka tys we;sieáfhka fkdfjhs" lsh,' bkaøsh
Yla;sfha iSñ; nj ;=<skq;a Pkaord.h ;=<skq;a mgq fj,d

21 zz'''';¥Nhx máÉp WmamÊc;s Pkaordf.d ;x ;;a: ixfhdckxZZ

ix( ks( 4" ixfhdack iQ;%h" 522 msg" nq( c( uq(
 33

ujd .kak ix{dud;% jYfhka ;uhs f,dalh w;a olskafka'

rEmi[a[d" ioaoi[a[d" .kaOi[a[d" rii[a[d"
fMdÜGíni[a[d" Oïui[a[d jYfhka ;udf.a u udkisl
i[a[d ;=<ska ;uhs" f,dalh w;aolskafka' úoiqka kqjK
we;slr.kaklï fldhs ljqre;a fï uq<djg yiqfj,d ;uhs
bkafka' ienE f,i u isÿjkafka l=ula jqj;a wmg isÿùï
fmfkkafka tys we;s ieáfhka u fkd fõ' wmf.a úkaok
ix{d wNsixialrKhkag wkqj hs' ;ud ujk úkaok ix{d
w;a±lSï yels;dla mÍCId lr n,kak' tajd we;sjqk
fudfydf;a u we;s ù ke;s ù hk is;sú,s fkao lsh,
n,kak' fï fudfydf;a wjOdkh .s,sys,d w;S;hg;a
wkd.;hg;a foda,kh fjñka we,Sï .eàï /jàï wkqih
lr.kak ksid fï fudfydf;a iuqoh ksfrdaOh fmfkkafk
kE'

fï lreK meyeÈ,s lr.kak myiq jk fika

fn!oaO iïm%odhg wh;a l:d m%jD;a;shlg wms ±ka fhduq
fjuq'
tla ;reK ieñhl=f.a ;reK ìß| frda.d;=r ù
urKdikak jqKd' ìß| ieñhd w; f.k Tyq wu;d fufyu
lshd ysáhd'

zuu Tng fnfyúka wdorh lrkjd' Tn w;yer,d

ug hkakg neye' ux ñh.sh;a Tn fjk;a ldka;djla wdjdy
lr.kak tmd' Tn tfyu lf<d;a uu wj;drhla fj,d
weú;a Tng lror lrkjdZ hkqfjka mjid weh ñh.shd'
 34

ìß|f.a wjika jpk ta ;reK ieñhdg fyd|g

u;lhs' udi lSmhla .;jqKd' Tyqg rEu;a ldka;djla
uqK.eiqKd' fm%aufhka ne÷K Tyq ta ia;%sh wdjdy lr.kakd
njg fmdfrdkaÿ jqKd'

tÈk u rd;%sfha wj;drh Tyq lrd meñKshd'

fmdfrdkaÿj lv lsÍu .ek weh Tyqg fodia mejrejd' Tyq
lrk lshk lsisu fohla wj;drhg ryila jqfKa kE' ÿka
;E.s fnda." lshQ fmïnia Tlafldau wj;drh okakjd' isÿjk
yeu fohla u isÿ jQ Èk rd;%sfha u wj;drh weú;a lshd
ysákjd'
fï ksid Tyq uy;a wiykhg m;a jqKd' Tyqf.a
ñ;=rl=f.ka fika ysñkula yuq ù ms<shula úuik f,i
WmfoaYhla ,enqKd' m%Yakh o nrm;, ksid u Tyq fika
ysñkula uqK.eiS .eg¨j fkd j,yd bÈßm;a l<d'

Tfí yeu fohla u Tfí ìß|f.a wj;drhg

fmfkkjd' weh yßu oCIhs' wef.a oCIlu .ek Tn;a
wehg m%Yxid lrkak' B,Õ ief¾ wj;drh wdjdu
wj;dfr;a tlal fmdä TÜgqjla w,a,kak' wehf.ka lsisjla
iÕjkak Tng neß nj úfYaIfhka lshkak' yenehs wo uu
Tnf.ka m%Yakhla wykjd' Tn ta m%Yakhg ksjerÈ W;a;rh
fokjd kï fofjks újdyhlg fkd f.dia Tn fjkqfjka
ioyg u wújdylj bkak nj lshkak' hkqfjka fika
ysñhka lshdysáh' zzfyd|hs" fudlla o ux wykak ´k
 35

m%YafkZZ lsh, ;reKhd úuiqj' zzTn l<hq;af;a fukak

fuÉprhs' l,ska fndaxÑ weg Ndckhla iQodkï lr.kak'
wj;drh wdjyu l,ska lshQ úÈhg lreKq f;areï lr§,
Ndckfhka fndaxÑ weg wyqrla wrf.k fï wyqfr weg
lShla ;sfhkjd o lsh, wykak' tÉprhs Tng lrkak
;sfhkafka' wehg W;a;r fokak neß jqfKd;a ksielj u
±k.kak ta wj;drh Tn ys;ska ujd.;a; tlla nj'ZZ

fika ysñhka uqK.eiS wd Èk rd;%sfha o wj;drh

isß;a mßÈ meñKshd' Wmfoia mßÈ Tyq wj;drh meiiqug
,la l<d' w,a,kakg hk TÜgqj .ek o i|yka l<d' zTõ
Tõ ux Tlafldau okakj' wo fika yduqÿre flkla
yïnfjkak .sh nj;a ux okakj' wj;drh ms<s;=re ÿkafka
h' túg ;reKhd Tõ" Tn Tlafldau okakjd' fyd|hs"
tfykï lshkak n,kak uf.a wf;a fndaxÑ weg lShla
;sfhkjd o lsh,' ta m%Yakhg ms<s;=re fkd §u wj;drh
w;=reoka jqKd'

urKdikak wjia:dfõ ish ;reK ìß| mejiQ joka

Tyqf.a isf;a ld je§ ;snqKdg iel ke;' fojeks újdy
fmdfrdkaÿj ms<sn|j Tyqf.a isf;a ;ud jrolrefjla h hk
fpdaokd;aul .eÕSu Tyq ;=< jkakg we;' wj;drh ta
ieñhdf.a isf;a u ks¾udKhla' ;uka okak ish,a,u
wj;drh;a okakj' fndaxÑ wyqf¾ weg lShla o lshd Tyq
okafk;a keye' tfykï Tyq is;ska u uejqKq wj;drh
fldfydug;a okafka kE' wj;dfrg w;=reoka fjkj
 36

wefrkak fjk lrkak fohla kE' wkak ta jf.a ;u

;udf.a ixl,amkd f,dal j, we;sieáh olsñka flf,ia
j,g w;=reoka fjkakg ie,eiaiqfjd;a ú[a[dKfha
ueú,a,g ;jÿrg;a bvla ,efnkafka kE' kdurEm ujkak
neß ú[a[dKh;a ksreoaO fjkjd'

08' fudayh ±k.kakg wiSre wehs @

mqoa.,hd nef|k fï Pkaord.h lshkafka ;Kaydjg

u hs' ;Kayd lrkafka úkaok j,g' wruqKq ú|.ekSu
i,ldf.k ;uhs yeu Nj meje;aula u yefokafka'
iqLúkaokhla yß ÿlaLúkaokhla yß we;s fjkfldg ldg;a
myiqfjka oefkkjd' iqLúkaokhg wef,k fldg rd.h
ke;akï f,daNh lshkjd' ÿlaLúkaokhg .efgk fldg
oafõIh lshkjd' rd.h;a oafõIh;a we;sfjkfldg u jf.a
wmg ±k.kak mq¿jka' ta;a fkd ÿla fkd iqj úkaokh
myiqfjka oefkkafka kE' ta lshkafka fudayh myiqfjka
f;afrkafka kE lshk tlhs' n,.;= u wl=Y,h jk fudayh
f;areï .ekSu fu;rï wiSre wehs@ fïl wms fmdä Wmud
l:djlska f;areï .kak n,uq'

mqxÑ ud¨jl=g ojila m%Yakhla we;s jqKd fï zj;=r

lshkafka fudlla oZ lsh,' fld;rï ys;, ne¨j;a
jegfykafka kE' ta ksid lsÜgqfjka ysgmq biaf.ähl=f.ka
weyqjd zhd¿fõ" yenEg fï j;=r lshkafk fudlla oZ lsh,'
 37

biaf.äh;a oywf;a l,amkd l<d' ta;a j;=r lshkafka

fudlla o lsh, kï jegyqfka kE' biaf.ähg;a ±ka fïl
uyd m%Yakhla' Tfydu ál ojila f.ú,d .shd'
biaf.ähf.;a j,sf. ye,s, w;mh y;rl=;a yeÈ,' ±ka
mqxÑ ueäfhla' W! iuyr fj,djg f.dvìug;a mkskjd'
wdfh;a j;=rg;a mkskjd' Tfydu mksk fj,djl f;areKd
fï mkskafk j;=rgfk lsh,' álla kej;s,d l,amkd
l<d' Tõ" fï ;uhs j;=r' j;=r ±k.;a; tl .ek ueähg
±ka yß i;=gqhs' u;la jqKd" mrK hd¿ ud¿jj' j;=r .ek
lsh, fokak ud¿jd fidhdf.k .shd' zhd¿fõ uu kï j;=r
fydhd.;a;' Thd Th ±kgu;a bkafka j;=fr ;udZ lsh,
lsõjd' ta;a ud¨jg j;=r f;areï .kak nE' wehs@ j;=rhs
;udhs w;r mr;rhla ud¿jg fkd fmfkk ksid'
biaf.ähg j;=r f;arefka f.dvìu;a ±kf.k f.dvìu
b|, j;=rg mkskfldg' t;fldg biaf.äh ;ud;a j;=r;a
w;r mr;rhla w;a±lal ksid j;=r f;areï .kak mq¿jka
jqKd' mqoa.,hdg fudayh fkd f;afrkafk;a ;ud;a fudayh;a
w;r mr;rh fkd fmfkk ksid' tfyu kï th f;areï
.kakg fjkafka kqjK Ndú;d lr,hs' iïudÈÜÀh
iiqkaufÕa mQ¾jx.u O¾uh yeáhg olaj, ;sfhkafka ta
ksid' wms fï lreK .ek;a álla f;areï .kakg jEhï
lruq'

mqoa.,hdf.a f,daN oafjI fudayd § flf,ia j,

meje;afï wjia:d ;=kla ;sfhkjd' wkqih jYfhka
mj;skjd lshkafka l%shd;aaul jYfhka m%lgj ke;s
 38

wjia:dj' ;ud ,enQ úkaok w;a±lSï ms<sn|j wfmaCIdjla u;=

u;=;a w;a±lSfï leue;a;la b;sß fj, ;sfhkjd kï wkqih
fj,d ;sfhkafka ta flf,ia' rd.h wkqih jYfhka mj;sk
úg wmg rd.h we;s njla ±fkkafka kE' ta;a rd.h u;=ùug
wjYH jgmsgdjla we;s jqfkd;a rd.h u;=fjkjd' talg
lshkjd mßhqÜGdk wjia:dj lsh,' Bg miafi ta u;= jQ
rd.h is;k
s a lhska jpkfhka l%shd;aul jqfKd;a ta
ù;slaluK wjia:djhs' rd.h we;s úg th y÷kd.; yelafla
wkqih wjia:djka ±k.; yels ksid' oafõIh;a ke;s wjia:d
wmg ±k.; yelshs' ta ksid ;ryla u;= jkúg th wmg
y÷kd .kakg mq¿jka' ta;a uu;ajh yeuúg u u;= ù ;sfnk
;;ajhla jk úg ;ud;a fudayh;a w;r mr;rh fmakafk
ke;=j hkjd' kskafoa § ;ud bkak nj fkd o;a kuq;a wjÈ
jk úg u zuuZ u;= fjkjd' ta tlalu uf.a foaj,a lshk
ye`.Su;a u;= fjkjd' ;ud;a fudayh;a w;r mr;rhla
olskak fj,djla yïn fjkafk kE' ta wkqj f;areï
.kak;a wudre jrÈkq;a n,.;= m%ydKh lrkak;a wudre
laf,aYh ;uhs" fudayh' wúoHdj' fï wkqih uq,a lrf.khs"
rd. fodi fuday ixLHdjg .efkafka' wkqih fkd lf<d;a
22
rd. fodai fuday ixLHdjg .efkkafka kE' we¨fk
ke;;a .egqfk ke;;a wruqK iam¾Y fjkjd kï zuuZ h"
zuf.aZh lshd .ekSula we;s ksid WfmaCId iy.; úkaokhla
;sfnkjd' iam¾Y jqk wruqK w,a,d .kakfldg

22 —hx fLd NslaLq wkqfi;s f;k iÙLx .ÉP;s' hx kdkqfi;s k

f;k iÙLx .ÉP;S;s'˜
ix( ks( 3" mGu NslaLq iQ;%h" 62 msg" nq( c( uq(
 39

ielfikafka rEmWmdodkh' iam¾Yh we;s ;ek jk

úkaokh w,a,d .ekSu fõokd Wmdodkh' úkaokh y÷kd
.ekSï jYfhka we;s jk ix{dj w,a, .;a;du
ix{dWmdodkh' wruqK ms<sn|j fõokd i[a[d Tiafia
ixl,amkh lr.kakd iajNdjh jk fÉ;kdj w,a,d .ekSu
;uhs" ixLdrWmdodkh' rEm" úkaok" ix{d" fÉ;kd weiqre
lrf.k wruqK oek.kakd is; jQ ú[a[dKh w,a,d
.ekSu ;uhs" ú[a[dKQmodkh' fufia WmdodkialkaO
f.dvk.ñka wruqKq w;aolsk zuuZ flfkla o ixl,amSh
jYfhka ujd .kakjd' oeka b;ska uefjkafka wks;Hfhys
ks;Hix{dj' ÿflys iqLix{dj' wkd;aufhys wd;au ix{dj'
wY+Nfhys Y=Nix{dj' fï úÈyg ish¨ u f.yis; fidïkia
fodïkia WfmaCId úkaokhkag hg ùu lshkafka úmÍ;
ix{d f,dalhlg hg ùuhs' ioyï ms<sfj; werô,d
ke;akï ta Ôú;h yiqrjkafka wr úmÍ; ix{dj,skqhs'
ioaO¾uh ±k.kakd ;=re mqoa.,hd wks;H nj olskafk kE'
ÿl nj olskafka kE' wkd;au nj olskafk kE' wiqN nj
olskafk kE'

09' f,dalm%{ma;sh(

ioaO¾uh ±k.kakd ;=re ljqre;a ys;kafka ndysr

f,dalh úiska wm;=< is;a my< lrkq ,nkj lsh,hs' ndysr
f,dalh tys we;sieáfhka olskj lsh,hs' ndysr f,dalfha
l=ula isÿ jqj;a mqoa.,hd w;aolskafka ;u bkaøsh ;;a;ajh
wkqj;a flf,ia ;;a;ajh wkqj;a ujd.kakd iajNdjhla
 40

muKhs' ;ud w;aolskafka ndysr ksñ;shs lsh, fldÉpr

ys;d.;a;;a wjidk jYfhka w;a±l, ;sfhkafka
ú[a[dKfha ms<sìUq jk kdurEm muKhs' ta nj fkd
okakd l,ays isÿjk foh l=ula o@ úkaok" ix{d" fÉ;kd"
wdfrdamKfhka ixl,amSh f,i mqoa.,hd f,dalh fyda f,dal
m%{ma;sh fyda mkjd .ekSuhs' tkï( bkaøsh" wruqKq"
bkaøshdkqidÍ ú[a[dKh" bkaøshdkqidÍ ú[a[dKfhka
o;hq;= O¾u we;s ;ek f,dalh fyda f,dalm%{ma;sh fyda
mkjd .ekSuhs'23
ksh; jYfhka ;sfhk fohlska hï hï foa
we;sjkjd h lsh, is;Su jerÈ ukisldrhla' oyu olsk;=re
u ish¨ fokd ys;kafka ;sfhk b÷rkaf.ka ;sfhk wruqKq
w;aolskjd lsh,hs' fïl jerÈ l,amkdjla' wms .ksuq
uOqmsKä
a l iQ;%fha § uydlÉpdhk ysñhka l<" wei;a
rEmh;a m%;Hh lrf.k plaLq ú[a[dKh Wm§ lshk
foaYkdj' ^plaLq[ap máÉp rEfm p Wmamcac;s
plaLqú[a[dKx& fu;k plaLq ú[a[dKh WmÈkafka
ke;akï weig rEmh wruqKq fjkafka kE' plaLqú[a[dKh
WmÈkjd lshkafka wei;a WmÈkjd' rEmh;a WmÈkjd lshk
tlhs' wei lshk wÊCO;a;sl wdh;kh;a rEmh lshk
ndysrdh;kh;a WmÈkafka kdurEm m%;Hh lrf.k fk'
^kdurEm mÉphd i<dh;kx& kdurEm WmÈkafka
ú[a[dKh m%;Hh lrf.k' ^ú[a[dK mÉphd kdurEmx&

23 —h;a: fLd iñoaê w;aÓ plaLq w;aÓ rEmd w;aÓ plaLqú[a[dKx

w;aÓ plaLqú[a[dKú[a[d;índ Oïud" w;aÓ ;;a: f,dfld
jd f,dlm[a[;a;s jd'˜
ix( ks( 4" iñoaê f,dlm[ay iQ;%h" 88 msg" nq( c( uq(
 41

wms fïjd f;areï .;hq;af;a —buiai Wmamdod box

Wmamcac;s˜ lshk m%;S;Hiuq;amdo kHdhg wkqj' wei;a
rEmh;a fjka fldg ±k.;a foaj,a fjkafka
plaLqú[a[dKfha iuqoh;a iu.hs' fïjdfha ksfrdaOh ±lsh
hq;af;a —buiai ksfrdaOd box ksreÊCO;s˜ lshk ksfrdaO
kHdhhg wkqj' ú[a[dKfha ksfrdaOfhka wei;a rEmh;a
ksreoaOhs'

bkaøshhka WmÈkafka;a wruqKq WmÈkafka;a l,ska

fkdfjhs' ú[a[dKfha iuqoh;a iu.hs' weila Wmkafka
j¾K rEmhla wruqKq ùfuka' wruqKla ke;s ;ek weila
ke;' túg wei lfha udxYuh fldgila muKhs' bkaøsh
wruqKq yd ú[a[dK hk ;=fkys iïnkaO;dj iam¾Yh jk
w;r úkaok ixcdkk ixfÉ;k l%shdj,sh Tiafia
ukisldrh l%shd;aul fjkj' fï úkaok ixcdkk
ixfÉ;k l%shdj,shg wdikak m%;Hh jkafka iam¾Yh'
^Miai mÉphd fjokd& ixcdkkh fyj;a y÷kd .ekSu
jkafka úkaokhg wkqrEmjhs' ^hx fjfo;s ;x i[acdkd;s&
ú;¾lkh lrkafka y÷kd.kakd iajNdjhhs' ^hx
i[acdkd;s ;x ú;lafl;s'& hula ú;¾lkh lrhs o
ixl,amkd jYfhka mg,efjkafka ta flfryshs' ^hx
ú;lafl;s ;x mm[afp;s& fï fya;=fldgf.k —w;S;
wkd.; yd m%;Hq;amkak jYfhka pCIq¾úf{h rEmhkays ,d
mmxpi[a[dixLdfjda mqoa.,hd uevisá;a˜ lsh,hs"
uOqmsKä
a l iQ;%fha i|yka fjkafk' ^;f;d ksodkx mqßix
mm[api[a[dixLd iuqodprka;s w;S;dkd.;
 42

mÉpqmamkafkiq plaLqú[af[fhHiq rEfmiq'&24 bkaøsh ih

iïnkaOfhka u fï iajNdjh f;areï .kak ´k'

zwei;a rEmh;a m%;Hh lrf.k plaLqú[a[dKh

Wm§Z hkd§ fï foaYkd fldgi werfUkafka
Ndjldrlfhka' tfy;a zzhx fjfo;s ;x i[acdkd;sZZ hk
;ek mgka olakg ,efnkafka l¾;Dldrl jHjydrhhs'
bkaøsh w;a±lSï j, § zuu;ajhZ fyj;a zfõolhdZ
Wmojkafka úkaokh;a iu.hs' È.ska È.g wruqKq ú|sk
z;srir fõolfhlaZ isàhhs is;kafka wfhdaksfidaukisldrh
ksihs' idudkH ixcdkk ;;a;ajhg iSudfj,d isàfuka we;s
jkafka /jàula u hs' ;udf.a w;a±lSï l%shdj,sh foi
kqjKska ne,Su ^fhdaksfidaukisldrfhka ne,Su& w;HjYHhs'
fjfiia kqjKlska ne,Su wjYHhs' tfyu ke;akï
Miaidh;k ifhka u fjkafka fï úmÍ;h nj wu;l
lrkak tmd'

fï ldrKh f;areï .kak myiq fjkak fika

iïm%odfhka fmdä l:d mqj;la wrf.k n,uq' fika NsCIQka
jykafia,d fofokl= w;r f,,fok fldähla .ek jdohla
we;s jqKd' tl NsCIq kula lsõfj zfldäh jefkkjdZ
lsh,' wfkla NsCIq ku lsõfj zfldäh fkfjhs
jefkkafk' yq<`.hs jefkkafk'Z lsh,' ljqre;a ys;kafk ta
;SrK foflka tydg fudl=;a kE lsh,'

24 u( ks( 1" uOqmsKaäl iQ;%h" 280 msg" nq( c( uq(

 43

ysf;kafka tfyu jqk;a t;ekska jevu l< fika

wdpd¾h ysñkula fï jdoh weys, ta fofokdg u fufyu
jod<' —fldähj;a iq<`.j;a fkdfjhs jefkkafka'
jefkkafka ys;'˜

idudkH mqoa.,hdf.a ixcdkkh wkqj tlaflda

jefkkafka fldähhs' ke;akï iq<`.hs' fi,fjkafka
fldäho iq<`. o hkqfjka jdohla we;s jkafka
flakaødmidÍ tkï( ndysrg úiqreK is;l hs' wm wjOdkh
fhduq l<hq;af;a fmfkk fohg fkdj ta w;a±lSu uejQ is;
foi hs' wm w;aolsk wruqKq hkq ú[a[dKh úiska
ujdfok kdurEm O¾u nj kej; kej;;a isyshg .ekSu
wjYHhs' tfia ±lSfï yelshdj we;af;a fjfiia kqjKlska
n,k flakaødNsidÍ tkï( uOHhg fhduqjqk is;l hs'
ndysrg úisÍu fjkqjg uOHhg flakaø.; ùfuka ÈhqKq
jkafka m%;HfõCIK yelshdjhs' ta ksid ;u is;sú,s
flfrys idjOdk ùfï yelshdj ÈhqKq lr.kakg
W;aidyj;a jkak'

10' fï ál;a ±k isákak'

kQmka fudayh kQmÈkakg;a Wmka fudayh m%yK

S
fjkakg;a kqjKska fufkys lsÍu fyj;a
fhdaksfidaukisldrh wjYhhs' bkaøsh ixcdkk f,dalhg
wkq.; fj,d isák ;=re mqoa.,hdg mqyÿq ka núka ñ§ula
isÿfjkafk kE' wo fndfyda fofkla b;d by<ska fkdfhla
 44

mskalï isÿlrkj' ta;a ÿlaLksfrdaOh msKsi rEm Yíod§

ix{djka wkqú;¾lkh wkqúpdrKh blaujd,Su wjYHhs
lshk tl okafkaj;a kE' ishjia .Kkla oyï wkqYdikd
,enqfK" iirg iQodkï jk úÈyg' m%;smodj wu;l jqK
úÈhg' fhduq jqfka fkdfhla wd.ñl ixialdr úê
wkq.ukh lsÍu fj;hs' kQ;k hq.fha;a ta wxYh fnfyúka
úÑ;%;ajhg m;afj,d ;sfhkjd' tfyu jqK;a i;=gg
wiajeis,a,g fya;=jk mßoafoka hï muKlg fyda oyï
ms<sfjf;a msì§ul=;a we;sfj,d ;sfnKj'

iiqka u. jvk fiaL mqoa.,hd isáh hq;af;a yqfola

i[a[d j,g wkq.;j fkd úhhq;=hs' i[a[d
blaujd,kakg wNscdkkh fhdod.kafkla úhhq;h
= s'
fjfiia kqjKska olskafkla úhhq;=hs' ixcdkd;s hkq
idudkH mqoa.,hdf.a ix{d iajNdjhhs' wNscdkd;s hkq
iiqkau. yslafuk flfkla fjfiia kqjKska ±lSuhs'
fu;ekÈ ksrjq,a lrf.k isáhhq;= ldrKdjla
;sfnKjd' wms jdih lrkafka o<udxY lhlska hqla; ñksia
kue;s w;a±lSï ;<fh' tal my< u iq.;sh' wei lk
keyeh Èj lh hk mis÷rka iys; udxYlh mxpldu
.=Khka w;a±lSug újD;a;hs' uki fï o<lhg ne÷fk
udkqIsl mxplduh ú|.ekSug l¾u fõ. jYfhka ,enQ
ysñlula jYfhka' ukskaøsh ;uhs" o<lfha mis÷rkaf.a
w;a±lSï wkqNj lrkafka' olskafka l=ula±hs wei okafka
keye' wikafka l=ula±hs lk okafka keye' wd>%dKh
lrkafka l=ula±hs kdih okafka keye' ri n,kafka
 45

l=ul±hs Èj okafka keye' ,nk myi l=ula±hs lh okafka

keye' ú|Su ye|kSu fÉ;kdj iam¾Yh ukisldrh Tiafia
mis÷rkaf.a f.dapr úihh w;aolskafka ukihs'

fï wkqj n,k úg lh wkaOhl= jf.a' wkaOhdf.a

lru; ke. isák fldrd jf.a ;uhs uki' lh weiqfrka
,nd.ekSu i|yd uki leu;sjk foaj,a ,nd.ekSu i|yd
lh fhdod.kq ,nkafka uki úiskqhs' uki lfha wei
mdúÉÑ lrf.k leu;s leu;s rEm ±l.kshs' wukdm rEm o
olskak isÿfjhs' ukdmhla wukdmhla ke;s jqK;a fmfkk
rEm we;a; jYfhka we;s foa yeáhg ys;d.kshs' fï
wdldrfhka lk mdúÉÑ lrf.k Yío wid.kafka ukihs'
kdih mdúÉÑ lrf.k wd>%dK ú|.kafka ukihs' Èj
mdúÉÑ lrf.k ri ú|.kafka ukihs' lfha myig ixfõ§
jk wjhj mdúÉÑ lrf.k myi ú|.kafka ukihs' jrla
fï lreK ms<sn|j m%Yak l< WKaKdN n%dyauKhdg
nqÿrcdKka jykafia ÿka ms<s;=r f;areï .kak' —nuqK" fjka
fjka úIh we;s fjka fjka wruqKq we;s Tjqfkdjqkaf.a
wruqKq úIh fkd ú|sk fï mis÷rkag uki ms<sirKhs'
uki u Tjqkaf.a f.dapr úIhh wkqNj lrhs'˜25
ukfia ms<sirK fkdue;s kï weig j¾KrEmh
wruqKq ùula isÿ fkd fõ' ukfia ms<sirK ke;sj lkg

25 —bfuix fLd n%dyauK" m[apkakx bkaøshdkx kdkdúihdkx

kdkdf.dprdkx k w[a[u[a[iai f.dprúihx
mÉpkqfNdka;dkx ufkd máirKx' ufkdj f;ix
f.daprúihx mÉpkqfNd;S;s'˜
ix( ks( 5 ^1&" WKaKdNn%dyauK iQ;%h" 386 msg" nq( c( uq(
 46

YíorEmh;a kdihg .kaOrEmh;a Èjg rirEmh;a lhg

fMdÜGínrEmh;a wruqKq fkd fõ' uki ms<sirK lrf.k
mis÷rkaf.ka ,efnk wruqKq weiSï ±lSï uÜgfuka
fl<jr lrkafka kï" ixfõok ixcdkk ixfÉ;k
jYfhka .%yKh fkd lrkafka kï Nj.dó ixl,am
ìysfjkafka kE' ta wkqj fï oyï ,smsh wdrïNfha § olajk
,o ud¨ÙlHmq;a; iQ;%fhys tk úÈyg ÿgqfjys ÿgqmuK
jkafka kï ixl,amSh .eg¨ ìys jk w;a±lSï wkqNjhlg
jefgkafka kE' weiqfjys weiQ muK jkafka kï ±kqfkys
±kSï muK jkafka kï is;=fkys is;Sï muK jkafka kï
Njh ielfik wkaofï w;a±lSï wkqNjhlg jefgkafk
kE' ta lshkafka wruqK ksid flf,ia Wmojd .kafk kE'
tfyu kï wruqfKys ys; msysgkafk kE' wruqfKys ys;
msysgkafk ke;akï ys; fu;ek;a fkd fõ' wruqfKys;a
fkd fõ' ta w;r;a fkd fõ' ÿfla fl<jr lshkafk ´lhs'

fï ryi fidhd ±k f,dalhdg lshd fokafk

O¾uOd;=j m%;sfõO l< iuHla iïnqÿjrhka jykafia kula
muKhs' §>ksldfha w.a.[a[ iQ;%fha i|yka fjkjd
f,daOd;=jla úkdY fj,d È.=l,a wejEfuka kej;;a i;aj
jdihg újD;a; fjkfldg f,dal úkdYfha § wdNiair
ldhsl jQ i;ajhska kej; fN!;sl;ajhg wdl¾IKh
fjñka fN!;sl wdydrhg ^ln,sxldrdydrhg& fhduq fjñka
iir § wkqih lr.;a flf,ia wjÈ lr.kakd yeá'
udxYldhsl fjk yeá' lduNjh yd iïnkaO ish¨
wl=Y,hka wdrïN jk yeá' ln,sxldrdydrhg fhduq jk
 47

muKg ukfia iajhx m%Ndj wvq fjñka o< ldhsl

;;a;ajhlg m;a ùu Wiia ;;ajhl ;snQ uki msßySug m;a
ùula nj fu;ekska meyeÈ,s fjkjd' f,da,;ajh" ;DIaKdj"
ÈÜGdkq.;sh" udkh" w;auudkh" ldurd.h" w,i nj hk
udkisl ÿ¾j,;djka l%shd;aul ùu Tiafia fï msßySu isÿ
jk nj w.a.[a[ iQ;f
% ha ±lafjkjd' udxY lhg ji`.
fjk muKg i;ajhd udkisl jYfhka msßySug jefgkjd'
miamjg oYwl=Y,hg jefgkjd' oYwl=Y,fha ufkda ÿisß;a
w;r ±lafjk oYjia;=l ñ:Hd oDIaáh n,.;= jk muKg
ñksid múgq yeiSÍï j,g jefgkjd' fN!;sl f,dalhg
wh;a ish¨ ÿla ielfikjd' fï ish,a,g uq,msrefka
ln,sxldrdydrfhka'

ta ksid nqÿrcdKka jykafia ksjka ms<sfjf;a

wdrïNh olajd jodf<a ñksi;a nfõ isg wdrïN l<yels
wdldrfhka' lhg ji`. jQ uki lh weiqfrka lr.kakd
mõ lï j,ska ñfokakhs iS,h ks¾foaY lr, ;sfhkafka'
iudê iqjh wkqu; lr, ;sfhkafka mialï iqjh u tlu
iemh lshd /jàfuka ñfokakg u. mE§ula yeáhg'
iS,hg;a iudêhg;a uq,ska iïudÈÜÀ iïudixlmam Tiafia
m%{dj Ndú;d l<hq;= uhs' ln,sxldrdydrh mxpldu.=Kh
jvk nj;a lduNjh blaujkakg kï ln,sxldrdydrh
msßis| o;hq;= nj;a m%;smodfõ § wjOdrKh fjk nj
wu;l lrkak tmd' fï lreKq ie,ls,a,g fkd .kakd
iudcfha zlh u uu fjñZ ^;x cSjx ;x iÍrx& lsh,
ys;df.k bkak wh ;uhs jeä' fïl ñ:Hd oDIaáhla' zuuZ
 48

lshkafka udxY lhla lsh, ys;df.k bkak wh iem;

yeáhg okafka mxpldu.=Ksl iem;la muKhs' th iem;la
fia fmkqK;a tys m%;sM,h cd;s crdurK fidal mßfoaj ÿla
fodïkia Wmdhdi nj okafka kE'

wm wo olsk fn!oaOhs lsh, lshk iudcfha jqK;a

jeäfhka bkak nj fmfkkafk;a tfyu lreKq jrojd
f;areï .;a wh' zlh u uu fjñZ lsh, ys;k wh ;uhs
;udf.a iem; msKsi wfkld urkafka' ;udf.a iem;
msKsi wkqkaf.a foa .kafk' ffu:qk iem; ms< sn| iodpdr
iSudjka i,lkafka ke;af;' ^tfyu wh nUir úiSfï
w¾:hla okafk u kE'& ;ukaf.a jdishg ´k fndrejla
lshkafk' lh u;a lrf.k iykh fidhkafk' zlh u uu
fjñZ lsh, ys;df.k bkak whg is,aj;a ùfï f;areula
fmfkkafka kE' iudcuh jYfhka hï hï iodpdr iSudjka
wjYH nj ±lal;a ;u ;udf.a is;eÕshdjka bÈßfha iudc
iodpdr iïu;hkq;a lvdlmam,a fjkj'

fï úÈyg iudcfha jeä msßila —lh u wd;auh˜

yeáhg olsk úg b;d wvq msßila OHdk iudm;a;s j,g
fhduq fjñka wd;auh lfhka wkH;r fohla yeáhg
^w[a[x cSjx w[a[x iÍrx& ie,l+ njhs" nqÿoyu Wod jqK
hq.fh;a fmfkkakg ;sfnkafk' OHdk iudm;a;s Tiafia
lfhys w;sf¾l nj;a ukfia Yla;sh;a ±lSu ksid uki
wd;au w.hlska ±lSu fuys § isÿ jQ fohhs' uu;ajfha jrola
fkd ÿgq Tjqkq;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfka iudm;a;s iqjhl
 49

uu;ajh iodld,sl lrkak' fkaji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k

by< u iudm;a;sh jqj;a wks;H;ajhg Ndckh jk nj
olakd nqÿrcdKka jykafia olajkafka Njh ksreoaO lsÍu u
tl u úi÷u njhs'

ta ksid nqÿoyu lhj;a ukij;a uu jYfhka

.kafka keye' zuuZ hkq ksYaÑ; jYfhka we;s hula
fkdfjhs' bkaøsh w;a±lSï Tiafia ujd.kakd ixl,amSh
;;a;ajhla muKhs' zwiañudkZ hkafka wre; zfjñZ hk
uek.ekSuhs' fï uek.ekSug uq,a jk iú[a[dKl lh;a
ndysr ksñ;s;a weiqfrka ielfik rEm" ú|Sï" ye|skSï"
fÉ;kd" ±kSï hk ialkaO j,g lshkjd zldhZ lsh,' tajd
idr jYfhka i;a jYfhka .ekSu" Wmdodk jYfhka .ekSu
26
zilaldhZ lsh, y÷kajkjd' ldu rEm wrEm lshk ;=ka
Njh u ilaldhmßhdmkakhs lsh, lshkafka Njh
ielfikafka WmdodkialkaO l%shdj,shla yeáhg ksid'
t;fldg zilaldhÈÜÀhZ lshkafk fudlla o@ rEm fõokd§
ialkaO zuuZ lsh, mKjd .;a;d kï zuf.aZ lsh, mKjd
.;a;d kï T;k ;ud ilaldhÈÜÀh'
rEmh weiqfrka ilaldhÈÜÀh i;r wdldrhlska
ilia fjkj' we;eï flfkla rEmh wd;auh yeáhg
.kakj' ^rEmx w;a;f;d iukqmiai;s& we;eï flfkla
wd;auh rEmh iys; jQjla lsh, .kakj' ^rEmjka;x jd

26 —l;fud p NslaLfj" ilaldfhd( m[apqmdodklaLkaOd;siai

jpkShx'˜
ix( ks( 3" ilaldh iQ;%h' 274 msg" nq( c( uq(
 50

w;a;dkx iukqmiai;s& we;eï flfkla wd;aufhys rEmh

;sfí lsh, .kakj' ^w;a;ks jd rEmx iukqmiai;s& we;eï
flfkla rEmfhys wd;auh fõ h lsh, .kakj' ^rEmiañx jd
w;a;dkx iukqmiai;s& fï wdldrhg úkaokh" ixcdkkh"
ixfÉ;kh fyj;a ixialdr fjkalr ±k.ekSu fyj;a
úcdkkh hk ialkaO i;r weiqfrkq;a hg lS i;rdldrhg
ilaldhÈÜÀh ujd.kakjd'27 t;fldg ilaldhÈÜÀh úis
wdldrhlska we;sjk nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd
lrkjd' rEm fõokd i[a[d ixLdr ú[a[dK hk ialkaO
we;s l,ays ta ialkaO weiqre lrf.k wNsksfõi lrf.k
ilaldhÈÜÀh WmÈk nj28 ±ka b;d meyeÈ,shs'

fï wdldrhg ksrka;rj wruqKq iu. iïnkaO

fjñka kdu rEm yd ú[a[dK in|;djla yeáhg my< jk
is;aj, ;uhs m[ap WmdodkialkaO ilia fjkafka' iqj" ÿla"
fkd ÿla fkd iqj jYfhka úkaokh ilia jkúg
ú|skafkla ujd.kakj' úkaokhg we,Su kï jQ ;DIaKdj
úiska ;uhs mqoa.,;ajh Wmojkafka' z;Kayd cfk;s
29
mqßixZ hkqfjka lshefjkafka talhs' wúoHdj lshkafka fï

27 ix( ks( 3" mqKaKud iQ;%h" 170 " 172 msgq" nq( c( uq(

28 rEfm fLd NslaLfj i;s rEmx Wmdodh rEmx wNsksúiai

ilaldhÈÜÀ WmamÊc;s' fjokdh i;s''''i[a[dh
i;s''''ixLdfriq i;s''''''ú[a[dfK i;s ú[a[dKx Wmdodh
ú[a[dKx wNsksúiai ilaldhÈÜÀ Wmamcac;s'
ix( ks( 3" ilaldhÈÜÀ iQ;%h" 330 msg" nq( c( uq(

29 ix( ks( 1" mGucfk;s iQ;%h" 68 msg" nq( c( uq(

 51

mqoa.,;ajh ujd.kak iajNdjhghs' wd;au fkd jk fofhys

wd;auudkhla we;slr .kakd foúhka iys; f,dalhd u
ú[a[dKh úiska ujd fok kdurEmfhys jeof.k th u
i;Hhhs l,amkd lrkjd'30 talhs ixidr i;ajhdg isÿ ù
we;s je/oao' ú[a[dK kdurEm in|;dj flakaø lrf.khs
uq¨ m%;S;Hiuq;amdoh u l%shd;aul fjkafka' m%{dj Wfoid
f;areï .;hq;af;a o fï kdurEm ú[a[dK in|;djhs'

11' f.ayis;fhka ffkYal%uHhg(

fuf;la l:dl< lreKq ie,ls,a,g .kakd úg fï

iajNdjh Tfya ;sfhkakg wer, b|Su ÿflys u /|S isàula
nj meyeÈ,s we;s' f.yis;hg wh;a úkaok ix{d j,g u
k;= ù isáu iir ish¨ ÿla fodïkia j,g újD;a; ù
isàula' ta jqK;a mxpldu.=Kl
s wruqKq j,g újD;a;
mis÷rka iys; lhla weiqre lr.;a fï Ôú;fha úkaok
ix{d j,ska u.yer, bkafka fldfydu o" lshk m%Yafk
fndfyda fokdg ;sfhkjd' oyïu. weröu .ek .sys meúÈ
fomsßfia u Wkkaÿj ySk ù .syska ;sfhkjd' talg fya;=j
fklaLïu wjHdmdo wúysxid ixl,amkdjka msìfokakg
wjYH iïudÈÜÀfha wvqmdvqjhs' iïudÈÜÀh iiqka
ms<sfjf;a fmrgq.dó O¾uh nj uydp;a;dÍil iQ;%fha §
nqÿrcdKka jykafia wjOdrKh lr, ;sfhkj' wdhH_

30 —wk;a;ks w;audkS miai f,dalx ifojlx"

ksúÜGx kdurEmiañx box iÉpka;s u[a[;s'˜
iq' ks" oajh;dkqmiaikd iQ;%h" 236 msg" nq( c( uq(
 52

iïudÈÜÀhg l,ska wjYHhsfka" lïuiail;d iïudÈÜGSh'

Th oijia;=l iïudÈÜÀh lsh, lshkafka talg'

lïuiail;d iïudÈÜÀh wdi%j iys;hs' mska me;a;g

keUqrehs' f,!lsl m%;ú
s mdl iys;hs' ^idijd mq[a[Nd.shd
Wmêfjmlald& th iajNdjfhka u we§ ;sfnkafka Nj
m%;s,dNhghs' ta iïudÈÜÀh kï( —fok ,oafoa úmdl we;'
hÈk l,ays ÿka fofhys úmdl we;' mQcdfjys úmdl we;'
fyd| - krl l%shdjkays úmdl we;' mrf,dj i;ajhdg fu
f,dj we;' fuf,dj i;ajhdg mrf,dj we;' uj flfrys
mshd flfrys fyd| fyda krl fyda meje;afuys m%;súmdl
we;' pHq; ù h<s WmÈk i;ajfhda fj;s' hym;a uÕ .sh
hym;a uÕg ms<smka fu f,dj mrf,dj ;ud u ±k mjik
uyKnuqfKda fj;s'˜ hk ms<s.ekSuhs' wd¾h jQ wkdi%j jQ
f,daflda;a;r ud¾.dÙ.hla jk iïudÈÜÀh ielfikakg
kï hg lS lïuiail;d iïudÈÜÀh moku jYfhka
;sìhhq;= h' hg idlÉPd l< kdurEm yd ú[a[dK
l%shdj,sh" lh uki w;r fjki yd iïnkaO;dj
O¾uY%jKh O¾u ukisldrh Tiafia f;areï .;yelafla
lïuiail;d iïudÈÜÀh we;s mqoa.,hdg h'

ioyï u`.g nei.kafka mis÷rkag we;s wruqKq

iïnkaO;dj iïmQ¾Kfhka k;r lsÍfuka fkd fõ' .syS
´od;jikd ldufNda.S wdhH_Y%djl Wmdil Wmdisld msßila
ms<sn|j O¾ufha i|yka jkafka ta ksihs' ldufNda.S
.Dyia:hdg ms<s.;a iudc iodpdrhg wkqj mialï iqjfhys
 53

ine|shdj mj;soa§ iiqka ms<sfjf;a fida;dmkak ilod.dñ

wjia:djka Wodlr .ekSug mq¿jka' ldufhys w§kjh;a tys
ksiairKhla we;s nj;a okakd wh' —.sys f.a jik iqÿfrÈ
y|sk ldufNda.S jQ Wjiq Wjeishkaf.a Ydiksl úfYaI;ajh
nqÿrcdKka jykafia olajkafka Ydiklr jQ ^idiklrd&
wjjdoh ms<sf.k l%shd lrk ^Tjdom;slrd& iiqka ufÕys
iel blau jQ ^;sKaKúÑlsÉPd& úu;s neyer l<
^ú.;l:Ùl:d& úYdro njg meñKs ^fjidrÊcmam;a;d&
Ydia;DYdikfhys wkqka msysg lr fkd .;a jegySula we;s
^wmrmamÉphd i;a:qidifk& hk jHjydr j,ska nj wu;l
l<hq;= fkd fõ'

is.df,dajdo iQ;%fhys iajdñ NdhH_d ine|shdj we;=¿

iudc iïnkaO;d ihla ms<sn|j i|yka lrkafka mqyqÿka
nj blauejQ wd¾hY%djl .Dyia:hska i,ldf.k nj fuys §
úfYaIfhka isysm;a lrkak ´k' —l:[ap .ym;smq;a;
wßhidjfld PoaÈid máÉPd§ fyd;s˜ hkqfjka is.d,
iQ;%fhys iudciïnkaO;d ih olajkafka .Dyia:
wd¾hY%djlhd iïnkaOfhka nj isyshg .kak ´k'
m;a;lïu iQ;%fha § .Dyia: wd¾hY%djlhd ±yeñka
fNda.iïm;a Wmhd iudc wdh;kh iuÕska mßfNda. lrk
nj olajd ;sfí' ^wdh;kfid mßN=;a;x& ta fNda. iïm;a
j,ska ;ud fkd ukd fkd jQ iem mßyrKh lrk nj
olajd ;sfí' ^w;a;dkx iqfL;s mSfK;s iïudiqLx mßyr;s&
rdish iQ;%fha .sys ldufNda.S mqoa.,hdf.a ksjerÈ iïm;a
mßfNdackh ms<sn|j i|yka fjkafka fufyuhs' —.duKs"
 54

fuys we;eï lïiem ú|skafkla ±yeñka ieyeis fkd ù

fNda. fidhhs' tfia fNda. fidhd ;ud iemj;a fjhs'
msKjhs' fnohs' mska o lrhs' ta fNda. o fkd we,S uqim;a
fkd ù fkd .e,S fodia olakd iq¨j w;yeÍfï kqqjK we;sj
mßfNda. lrhs'˜31

fï ldrKh úfYaIfhka isysm;a lrkakg is;=fka"

mis÷rkaf.a w;a±lSï f,dalh ms<sn|j oyï újrK f;areï
.kak fldg we;eï úg .sysmskaj;=ka z.sys wmg fï oyï
uÕ wrUkak úÈhla kE fkaZ hs is;kakg bv we;s ksihs'
we;eï .sys flfkla zoyïu`. jvkakg .sfhd;a ;ukaf.a
.syscSú;h wjq,a ù hdúZ h lsh," le<öug m;a fjkjd'
we;eï flfkla l,nf,ag Tlafldu od, uyK fjkak
yokjd' ta ksid le<fUkafk;a ke;=j l,n, fjkafk;a
ke;=j l%udkql+,j iïudÈÜÀh ilia lr.kak'

meúÈ Èúh iïnkaOfhka wßhmßfhik iQ;%fha fï

wdl,amh i|yka fjkafka fufyuhs' —hï lsis uyK
flfkla fyda nuqKq flfkla fyda fï m[apldu.=Kfhys
fkd we,S uqim;a fkd ù nei fkd f.k fodia olakdiq¨j
m%;HfõCId {dkfhka hqla;j fï mialï.=Khka mßfNda.

31 —bO mk .duKS tlÉfpd ldufNda.S Oïfuk fNdf.

mßfhi;s wiydfik" Oïfuk fNdf. Mßfhis;ajd wiydfik
w;a;dkx iqfL;s msfK;s' ixúNc;s mq[a[dks p lfrd;s' f; p
fNdf. w.Óf;d wuqÉPsf;d wkcaCOdmkafkd wd§kjoiaidù
ksiairKm[af[d mßN=[ac;s'˜
ix( ks( 4" rdish iQ;%h" 598 msg" nq( c( uq(
 55

flfr;a o " Tyq úm;g fkd meñKshdyq h' jHikhg fkd

meñKshdyq h' múgq udrhd úiska leu;s fia lrkq ,nkakg
fkd yels jkakdyq hhs fufia o;hq;= jkakdy'˜32 meúÈ
cSú;h iïnkaOfhka ldu.=K jYfhka fuys § olajkafka
.syshka yd ine|s ldu.=K uÜgula fkdj isõmih nj
fjfiiska o;hq;= h'

fï wdldrhg mxpldu.=Ksl w;a±lSï ys ixhuhg

meñK tys we;sieáh kqjKska olskakg wjYH iuHlaoDIaáh
oyï weiSfuka O¾um%;HfõCIKfhka Wodlr.kakg
W;aidyj;a fjkak ´k' f.ayis; ixl,amkd fjkqjg
fklaLïuis; ixl,amkd ÈhqKq lr.kak ál ál
W;aidyj;a fjkak ´k' f.yis; fidaukiai" f.yis;
fodukiai" f.yis; WfmlaLd hk ;=k u ÿlg u fya;= jk
nj ál ál f;afrk fldg w;yeÍughs fhduq jkafka'
fuf;la ÿgq ks;H nj fjkqjg wks;H njhs fmfkkafka'
iem ix{dj fjkqjg ÿl njhs fmfkkafk' ;u jiÕfhys
u mj;ajd.kak ;snQ ´klu fjkqjg wkd;au njhs
fmfkkafka' Y=Nix{d fjkqjg wY=N njhs fmfkkafka'
oyïu. werfUkafka ta úÈhghs'
w;yßkakg mq¿jka fjkfldg;a fjfyi odyh
ixisf|k ksid i;=gla we;s fjkj' i;=g iykh msKsi

32 —fh p fLd flÑ NslaLfj iuKd jd n%dyauKd jd bfu

m[apldu.=fK w.Ó;d wuqÉPs;d wkcaCOdmkakd
wd§kjoiaidúfkd ksiairKm[a[d mßN=[acka;s" f; tjuiaiq
fjÈ;índ( k wkhudmkakd k nHikudmkakd k
h:dldulrKShd mdmsuf;d'˜
u( ks( 1" wßhmßfhik iQ;%h" 422 msg" nq( c( uq(
 56

i<dh;ksl wruqKq fidh fidhd ÈjQ Èú,a, uq,djla nj

fmfkk úg we;sfjkafka m%{diïm%hqla; l,lsÍula'
m%;sfCIamhla' ^ksíìkao;s& we,au uelS hdula' ^úrÊc;s&
uelShñka ñfokjd' ^úuqÉp;s& fï wdldrfhka O¾uh
jefvkafka uu;ajfhka fm<Uqk l%shdjla yeáhg fkd
fjhs' uu;ajh l%ufhka ixisf|ñka ;uhs" O¾uh
msìfokafka' ±ka wks;H nj úmßKdó nj fmfkk fldg
we;s fjkafka fidïkila' talg lshkjd fklaLïuis;
fidaukiaih lsh,' iuyrúg fï mxpWmdodkialkaO
is;aj, nßka blauKska ksoyi fjka ´k lsh, ysf;kjd'
fmr ;snQ yd ±ka we;s ish¨ rEm Yíod§ fï wruqKq wksÉp
ÿlaL úmßKdu O¾u nj we;sieáfhka ±l, ljoao ux ta
wkq;a;r úfudaCIhg meñK jdih lrkafka lshk n,j;a
wdYdj ksid fodïkig;a meñfKkjd' talg lshkjd
fklaLïuis; fodukiaih lsh,' th fodïkila jqkdg
krl tlla fkdfjhs' úoiqka kqjK msßmqka f,i
jefvkfldg ish¨ i<dh;ksl wruqKq ms<sn|j WfmaCIdjg
meñKSug lshkjd fklaLïuis; WfmaCIdj lsh,'33
fu;ekÈ fyd|ska u wjOdrKh lr.;hq;= lreKla
;sfnkjd' ta ;uhs" fï i<dh;ksl wruqKq lshkafka wfma u
ú[a[dK Yla;sh úiska kdurEm jYfhka ujd fok foaj,a
nj' ta lreK wu;l lrkak fyd| kE' O¾uh yßyeá
±k.kak ±k.kak wmg ÿl Wmojkafka wfma u
ixl,amkdjka nj f;afrkak mgka .kakjd' ndysr

33 u( ks( 3" i<dh;kúNÙ. iQ;%h" 460' 462 '464 msgq" nq( c( uq(
 57

f,dalfha fudkjd ;snqK;a wjidk jYfhka wfma is;

mg,efjkafka is;d.;a ixl,amkh lr.;a foaj,a iuÕhs'
ixl,amkh lr.;af; ke;s foa j,ska wmg m%Yakhla kEfk'
wkak ta ksid wjYHfhka u wks;H;dj ±lsh hq;af;a
uu;ajhg lreKq jk is;a ms<sn|jhs' uu" uf.a lshk
u[a[kdjka ms<sn|j ;uhs wks;H;dj ±lsh hq;af;a'
;udf.a bkaøsh w;a±lSï l%shdj,sh wkqj ;ukag ksñ;a;la
fohla fkdjqK foaj,a .ek fkdfjhs wks;Hh jeäh
hq;af;a' hula wks;H fjkfldg ;ukag ÿlla ±fkkafka
;uka tal ;Kayd udk ÈÜÀ jYfhka fohla lrf.k
;sfhkjd kï muKhs' wks;H ix{dj jeäh hq;af;a
wiañudkh keiSu msKsi nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd
lrkafka ta ksihs' wks;Hix{dj jvkfldg wkd;auix{dj
±äj msysgkj' wkd;auix{dj jefvkfldghs" wiañudkh
.s,syS f.dia Ègq±ñfhys u msßksfjkafka'34

i;ajhdf.a is;sú,s .uka lrk ud¾. ;siayhla

;sfhkjd' tajd wei" lk" kdih" Èj" lh" uk hk
b÷rkaf.ka ,nk rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" O¾u hk
wruqKq jYfhka ih wdldr fjkjd' tajd weiqßka fidïkia
fodïkia WfmlaLd hkqfjka úkaokh ;=ka wdldr fjkjd'
t;fldg is;sú,s .uka lrk ud¾. oywgla fjkjd' tajd

34 —wksÉpi[a[d Ndfj;índ wiañudk iuq.a>d;dh'

wksÉpi[a[sfkd fï>sh" wk;a;i[a['d iKaGd;s"
wk;a;i[a[S wiañudkiuq.a>d;x mdmqKd;s" ÈÜfGj Oïfu
ksíndkx˜
Lq( ks( 1" Wodkmd,s" fï>sh iQ;%h" 200 msg" nq( c( uq(
 58

f.ayis; yd fklaLïu lsh, fo wdldrhlg fnfokjd'

t;fldg Tlafldu ;sia yhhs' iir.; i;ajhdg yqremqreÿ
me;a; ;uhs f,daldñihg wh;a f.ayis; me;a;' fï
ldrKh jvd;a fyd|g meyeÈ,s fjkak yels wdldrhg
igyklg we;=<;a lr, n,uq'

f.yis; fklaLïuis;
f.yis;fidïkia 6 hs' fklaLïuis;fidïkia 6 hs'
^f,dldñihg wh;a ihdldr ^rEmd§ ihdldr wruqKq
m%sh wruqKq ,eîu ,dNhla wks;H ÿlaL wkd;au
yeáhg ys;d fidïkiaùu yd jYfhka we;sieáfhka
fmr ,eî blaó.sh wruqKq olakakyqg we;sjk
isyslrñka ,nk fidïki& fidïki&

f.yis;fodïkia 6 hs' fklaLïuis;fodïkia 6 hs'

^f,dldñihg wh;a rEmd§ ^rEmd§ ihdldr wruqKq
wruqKq ±ka fkd ,eîu ms<sn|j úoiqka jvkakyqg
.ek;a fmr fkd ,o nj;a wkq;a;r úfudaCIhg ljod
isysm;a lsÍfuka WmÈk t<fUïfodahs we;sjk
fodïki& fodïki'&
f.yis;WfmaCId 6 hs fklaLïuis;WfmaCId 6 hs'
^rEmd§ ihdldr wruqKq ,en ^rEmd§ ihdldr wruqKq ,en
wd§kj fkd olakd mqyÿq ka tajd wks;H ÿlaL úmßKdu
mqoa.,hd fidïkia fodïkia jYfhka olakd l,ays WmÈk"
ke;;a wruqKq fkd blaujd wruqKq blaujk iq¨
mj;akd WfmaCIdj& WfmaCIdj'
 59

rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" Oïu hk wruqKq

blauùu ;=<hs fklaLïuh yd ne÷k WfmaCIdj ilia
fjkafka" lshk tl ±ka wmg f;afrkjd' wruqKq blauùug
yels WfmaCIdj ÈhqKq jqK;a tal m%udKj;a kE' nqÿrcdKka
jykafia fkaLïuis; WfmaCIdj Ydka;hhs olajk kuq;a th
blaujd ;j;a bÈßhg hd hq;= ieá i<dh;k úNx. iQ;%fha §
wmg lsh, fokj' —;;%sox ksiaidh box mcy:˜ hkqfjka
zfuh weiqre lrf.k fuh w;yßkakZ lshd Wmfoia § we;s
mßÈ fldfydu o lghq;= lrkafka lsh, ±ka n,uq'

1' f.yis; fidïkia yh w;yßkafka fklaLïuis;

fidaukiai yh Wmldr lrf.khs'

2' f.yis; fodïkia yh w;yßkafka fklaLïuis;

fodïkia yh Wmldr lrf.khs'

3' f.yis; WfmaCId yh w;yßkafka fklaLïuis;

WfmaCId yh Wmldr lrf.khs'

4' fklaLïuis; ^úo¾Ykd ks#Y%s;& fodïkia yh

w;yßkafka fklaLïuis; ^úo¾Ykd ks#Y%s;&
fidaukiai yh Wmldr lrf.k'

5' fklALïuia; ^úo¾Ykd ks#Y%s;& fidukiai yh

w;yßkafka fklaLïuis; ^úo¾Ykd ks#Y%s;&
 60

WfmaCIdj Wmldr lrf.k' fï mshjr iïmQ¾K

fjkfldg úo¾Ykd WfmaCIdj mQ¾K;ajhg m;a
fj,d' ta;a t;ekska m%;smod ud¾.h iïmQ¾K
fjkafka kE' wdi%jhkaf.ka ñfokafka kE' fï
WfmaCIdj;a isf;ka wNsixialrKh l< tlla' ta
ksid tal;a m%ydKh fjkak ´k'

6' fï WfmaCIdfj;a ;sfhkjd fo wdldr njla'

kdk;a;is; WfmaCIdj iy tl;a;is; WfmaCIdj
lsh,' rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y lshk
mxpldu.=Ksl wruqKq ms<sn|j WfmaCIdjg lshkj
kdk;a;is; WfmaCIdj lsh,' tal;a;is; WfmaCIdj
Bg;a jvd ishqï' wdldidk[apdh;k" ú[a[dK-
[apdh;k" wdls[ap[a[dh;k' fkji[a[d-
kdi[a[dh;k lshk wrEm iudm;a;s weiqre
lrf.k mj;sk WfmaCIdjghs" tal;a;is; WfmaCIdj
lsh, lshkafk'

wr kdk;a;is; WfmaCIdj w;yßkafka fï

tal;a;is; WfmaCIdj Wmldr lrf.k' WfmaCIdfõ
ishqï u wjia:dj ;uhs" fï tal;a;is; WfmaCIdj'
fldÉpr ishqï jqK;a fï WfmaCIdj;a ;shdf.k nE'
ta WfmaCIdj;a w;yßkak ´k'

7' —w;ïuh;x NslaLfj ksiaidh w;ïuh;x wd.ïu

hdZhx WfmlaLd tl;a;d tl;a;is;d ;x mcy:'˜ hk
 61

foaYkdjg wkqj wrEm iudm;a;s ms<sn| ishqï

WfmaCIdj o uf.a h" uu h" udf.a wd;auh h hk
;DIaKd oDIaá udk jYfhka fkd f.k úo¾Ykh
lsÍfuka ;uhs tal;a;is; WfmaCIdj;a w;ay<
hq;af;a' hula uu h uf.a h lsh, l,amkh
lr.kakjd kï wks;H;djg m;ajkafka tajhs' hula
uf.a lr.kafka ke;akï ta ;uhs w;aïuh;dj'

12' úksúo hd hq;= uOHh(

iqjfidïkia j,g wef,kúg jefvkafka wdYdj'

rd.h' ÿlafodïkia j,g .efgkúg jefvkafka oafõIh'
wef,k .efgk flkl=;a bkakj' wef,kak .efgkak
foaj¨;a ;sfhkj lshkafka fudayh ;sfhkj lshk tlhs'
we,Sï .eàï ke;;a zuu fjñZ" zfoaj,a we;Z hk ms<s.ekSï
ksid /jà isákjd kï t;k ;sfhkafka fudayh' wúoHdj'
mqyqÿka mqoa.,hdf.a ixcdkk iSudj ´lhs' oyïu. jvk
flkl= ta uÜgfï b|, nE' fjfiia kqjKska olsk
flfkla fjkak ´k' mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd ÿl yd iem w;r
Tfya udrefjka udrejg foda,kh fjkjd' iqLfõokdj yd
ÿlaLfõokdj tlsfklg úiNd. wka; folla' iqNksñ;s
fufkys lrk mqyÿq ka uki iemfõokdjla ke;akï
m%;súfrdaO wka;h jk ÿlghs wefokafka' tfyu ÿlg
jefgk fldg fufkys lrkafka má>ksñ;s' ta ksid
ÿlafõokdjkaf.ka ñfokak iqjfõokd fidhkj'
 62

fï wka; fol u w;yer, uOHhg fhduq jqfkd;a

zuu fjñZ oDIaáh" udkh uqK.efikjd' iir È.= l,la
wkqih jqk wiañudkhhs" wjidk jYfhka m%ydKh
l<hq;af;' wiañudkh hkq úkaokh Tiafia uek.;a
ixl,amkh lr.;a ixialrKhla ñi ienE jYfhka
uqK.efik ;;a;ajhla fkd fõ' mqyÿq ka f,dalhd l,amkd
lrkafka ú|skafka uu;ajh bÈßhg oudf.k' jrla
fuda<shM.a.=k yduqÿrefjda ziajdóks" ljqo ú|skafkaZ lsh,
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.ka úuiqj' zta m%Yakh .e,fmkafka
kE' ú|shs lsh, uu lshkafk kE' ú|shs lsh, uu lshkafkï
kï Th m%Yakh iqÿiqhs' uu tfyu lshkafka kE' tfyu
fkd lshk uf.ka hï flfkla iajdóks" ljr m%;Hhlska
fõokdj fõ ±hs wikafka kï ta m%Yakh iqÿiqhs' iam¾Yh
m%;Hfhka úkaokh fõ' fõokd m%;Hfhka ;Kaydj fõ
lshk ms<s;=r thg iqÿiqhs'Z35 lsh, nqÿrcdKka jykafia
jod<'

l¾;Dldrlh w;yer, Ndjldrlfhka l:dlrk

fldghs h:d¾:h u;= fjkafka' iajhx isoaO O¾u f,dafl
kE' ;j;a m%;Hhla iuÕ hefmk O¾u ;uhs we;sfjkafk'

35 —fld kq fLd Nkafk fjokx fõÈh;S;s fkd l,af,d

m[afyd;s N.jd wfjdp' fõÈh;S;s wyx k jodñ' fõÈh;S;s
pdyx jfohHx" ;;%iai l,af,d m[afyd' —fld kq fLd Nkaf;
fjokx fjÈh;s˜;s tjx pdyx k jodñ' tjx ux wjoka;x fhd
tjx mqÉfPhH zlsïmÉphd kq fLd Nkaf; fjokdZ;s ti
l,af,d m[afyd' ;;% l,a,x fjhHdlrKx zMiai mÉphd
fjokd fjokd mÉphd ;KydZ;s'˜
ix( ks( 2" fud<shM.a.=k iQ;%h" 24 msg" nq( c( uq(
 63

tajd m%;H ksfrdaOfhka ke;s fjkj' ta úÈyg úkaokh

we;sjkafka i<dh;ksl iam¾Yh m%;Hh lrf.khs' ^Miafi
fLd i;s fjokd fyd;s& iam¾Yh ksreoaO ùfuka úkaokh o
ksreoaO fõ' ^MiaiksfrdOd fjokdksfrdfOd& fuh kï
iajNdjh úkaokhg whs;sldrfhla kE' whs;sldrhd;a
úkaokh m%;Hh lrf.k we;sjk ;Kaydfõ ks¾udKhla
muKhs' —;Kaydj mqoa.,hd Wmojhs˜ ^;Kayd cfk;s
mqßix& lsh,hs" zljfrla mqoa.,hd Wmojd oZ;s ^lsxiq cfk;s
mqßix&36 hk m%Yakhg ms<s;=re jYfhka olaj, ;sfhkafka'
fï h:d¾:hka kqjKska olskfldg úkaokhg ;sfhk we,au
áflka ál uels, hkj'

iqLfõokdj;a ÿlaLfõokdj;a w;r foda,kh ùu

fjkqjg wÿlaLuiqLfõokdjg fya;= jk fudayh úksúo hdu
msKsihs" iiqkauÕ ;sfhkafk' ießhq;a uyry;ka jykafia
iïudÈÜÀ iQ;%fha § bÈßm;a lrk yeu lreKla mdid u
Ègq±ñfhys u ÿla fl<jr lsÍu msKsi wúÊcdkqih m%ydKh
lrk ieá fukak fï úÈhg foaYkd lrkj' yeu whqßkau
iqjfidïkia j,g lreKq jQ rd.dkqih ÿre fldg ^iínfid
rd.dkqihx mydh& má>dkqih ÿre fldg ^má>dkqihx
máúfkdfo;ajd& zfjñZ hk ÈÜÀudkh wkqih jYfhka u
ke;s fldg ^wiaó;s ÈÜÀudkdkqihx iuQyks;ajd& wúoHdj
neyer fldg úoHdj Wmojd ^wúÊcx mydh úÊcx

36 ix( ks( 1" mGu cfk;s iQ;%h" 68 msg" nq( c( uq(

 64

Wmamdfo;ajd& fï Njfhys § u ÿla fl<jr lrkafkla

fjhs' ^ÈÜfGj Oïfu ÿlaLiaika;lfrd fyd;s&37
mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd ÿl ms<sl=,a lrñka iem; leu;s
fjkj' iem; leu;s jqj;a mqyqÿka iem; iuÕ ÿl ;srf,i
u ne|S ;sfnkjd' ta ksid ÿl o mqoa.,hd fj; meñfKkjd'
iem; fjka lr.kakg fldf;la jEhï l<;a yßhkafka
kE' iem; lsh, /já,d bkafka cd;s crdurK fidal
mßfoaj ÿla fodïkia Wmdhdi we;slrk foaj,guhs' ;=ka
Njfha u iem j, ;sfhkafka Th m%;sM,h ;uhs' ta ksid
fï iem ÿla wka; fol neyer lf<d;a fkd ÿla fkd iqj jQ
uOHfhys fkd we,S fudayh úksúo ±l ÿla fl<jr lrkak
mq¿jka' uydm%d{hka jykafia úiska fkd ÿla fkd iqj
fõokdj Ydka;hhs foaYkd lr, ;sfnKj' ^wÿlaLuiqLx
ika;x N+ßm[af[k fois;x& tfy;a th o hfula leu;s
jkafka kï ÿlska ñ§ula fjkafk kE' ^;x pdms
wNskkaokaf;d fkj ÿlaLd muqÉp;s'& tfyhska th o
w;yßkq msKsi flf,ia ;jk jer we;s NsCIqj iïm%ckHh
w;yßkafka ke;akï ^hf;d jd NslaLQ wd;dmS iïmc[a[x
k ß[ap;s& ta ksid u ta m%{djka;hd ish¨ fõokd msßis|
±k.kakjd' ^;f;d fid fjokd iínd mßcdkd;s
mKaäf;d& fyf;fï fõokd msßis| ±k fï w;aneõys
flf,ia rys; jQfha ^fid fjokd mß[a[dh ÈÜGOïfu
wkdifjd& oyïys msyá
s fha ksjkg meñKsfha lfhys

37 u( ks( 1" iïudÈÜÀ iQ;%h" 112 msg" nq( c( uq(

 65

ì|Sfuka miq mekùulg fkd meñfKa' ^ldhiai fNod

OïuÜfGd iÙLx fkdfm;s fjo.+&38

13' pQ<fjo,a, iQ;%fhka

iqLfõokd ÿlaLfõokd wka;fol neyer lrñka

wÿlaLuiqL jQ uOHh úksúo hñka ÿla fl<jr lsÍfï jev
ms<sfj< ksjka wjfndaOh olajd ms<sfj<ska úysfok wdldrh
pQ<fõo,a, iQ;%fha i|yka fjkj' úidL .Dym;s;=ud
fõokdj w<,d wik m%Yak;a tajdg OïuÈkakd f;rKsh
fok ms<s;=re;a ;=<hs" ta ms<sfj< .eífj,d ;sfhkafk' wms
fu;ekÈ ixCIsma;j f;areï hk mßÈ ms<s;r
= e ú;rla
wrf.k n,uq'

01' fõokdj iqLfõokd" ÿlaLfõokd" wÿlaLuiqLfõokd

^WfmalaLdfõokd& jYfhka ;=ka wdldrhs'

02' iqLfõokd lshkafka ldhsl jYfhkq;a ffp;isl

jYfhkq;a ñysß iajNdj we;s úkaok j,g'
ÿlaLfõokd lshkafka ldhsl jQ fyda ffp;isl jQ
fyda wñysß úkaok j,g'
wÿlaLuiqL fõokd lsh, lshkafka ldhsl jQ fyda
ffp;isl jQ fyda ñysß;a fkd jk wñysß;a fkd jk
úkaok j,g'

38 ix( ks( 4" mydk iQ;%h" 392 msg" nq( c( uq(

 66

03' iqLfõokdj iemla fjkafka úkaokh ;sfhk úghs'

^À;siqLd& th ke;sfjkfldg ÿlhs' ^úmßKduÿlaLd&
ÿlaLfõokdj ÿlla fjkafka th ;sfhk úghs'
^À;sÿlaLd& ke;sfjkfldg iemhs' ^úmßKduiqLd&
wÿlaLuiqLfõokdj iemla fjkafka okakjd kï
muKhs' ^[dKiqLd& fkd okakdlu ÿlla fjkj'
^w[a[dKÿlaLd&

04' iqLfõokdfõ § rd.dkqih wkqih fjkj'

ÿlaLfõokdfõ § má>dkqih wkqih fjkj'
wÿlaLuiqLfõokdfõ § wúcacdkqih wkqih fjkj'

05' yeu iqLfõokdfjka u rd.dkqih wkqih fkd fõ'

yeu ÿlaLfõokdjlska u má>dkqih wkqih fkd
fõ'
yeu wÿlaLuiqLfõokdjlska u wúcacdkqih wkqih
fkd fõ'

06' iqLfõokdfjys rd.dkqih m%ydKh l<hq;= fõ'

ÿlaLfõokdfjys má>dkqih m%ydKh l<hq;= fõ'
wÿlaLuiqLfõokdfjys wúÊcdkqih m%ydKh l<hq;=
fõ'

07' yeu iqLfõokdjl u rd.dkqih m%ydKh l<hq;=

fkd fõ' m%:uOHdk iqLfõokdfõ § rd.dkqih
¨yqne| wkqih fkd fõ'
 67

yeu ÿlaLfõokdjl u má>dkqih m%ydKh l<hq;=

fkd fõ' ^jrla hg úia;r lr we;s& fklaLïuis;
fodukiaifha § má>dkqih wkqih fkd fõ'
yeu wÿlaLuiqLfõokdjl u wúÊcdkqih m%ydKh
l<hq;= fkd fõ' iqj ÿla ke;s WfmaCId iy.;
p;=¾:OHdkfha § wúÊcdkqih wkqih fkd fõ'

08' iqLfõokdjg úreoaO m%;N

s d.h ÿlaLfõokdjhs'

09' ÿlaLfõokdjg úreoaO m%;sNd.h iqLfõokdjhs'

10' wÿlaLuiqLfõokdjg ^WfmlaLdfõokdjg& iNd.

tkï( wúreoaO m%;sNd.h wúoHdjhs'

11' wúoHdjg úreoaO m%;sNd.h úoHdjhs'

12' úoHdjg wúreoaO m%;sNd.h úuqla;shhs'

13' úuqla;shg wúreoaO m%;sNd.h ksjkhs'

14' ksjkg úreoaO fyda wúreoaO fyda m%;sNd. ke;'

wjidk jYfhka kssjkg m%;sNd.h l=ula±hs úidL

.Dym;s;=ud m%Yak l<d' m%Yakh blaujd .sh nj;a m%Yakj,
fl<jr .kakg neßjqk nj;a m%ldY lr, OïuÈkakd ry;a
fufKsska jykafia iiqka nUir ksjfkys nei isák nj;a
 68

^ksíndfkd.Ox& ksjk mru fldg we;s nj;a

^ksíndkmrdhkx& ksjk fl<jr fldg we;s nj;a
^ksíndkmßfhdidkx& jeäÿrg;a m%ldY l<d'

fudy÷r úksúo hñka ksjk Wodjk wdldrh

wkd.dñ úidL .Dym;s ;=udf.a m%Yak ud,dfjkq;a
OïuÈkakd ry;a fufyKska jykafiaf.a ms<s;r
= e j,skq;a
b;d fyd|ska meyeÈ,s fjkj' ish¨ ixialdrhkaf.a iu:h'
ish¨ Wmëka w;yeÍu ;DIaKdfõ CIh ùu uelShdu ksùu
ksjkhs' ixialdrj, Wmêj, w.hla olskafka fudayh
ksiduhs' ;ud w;aolskafka ú[a[dKh ms<sìUq lrk
kdurEm nj fkd o;a fudayhg iïnkaO jQ ;eke;a;dg
fmfkkafka f,dalh fjkak mq¿jka fohla" NjH fohla"
i;H fohla yeáhghs' ^fudyiïnkaêfkd f,dfld
NínrEfmdj Èiai;s& ldu" ialkaO wd§ Wmëkag ne÷k
wkqjK mqoa.,hd fudy֧ka wdjrKh fj,hs bkafk'
jeys,hs bkafk' ^Wmêiïnkaêfkd ndf,d ;uid
mßjdßf;d& ish¨ Wmëka neÆ ne,aug fmakafk iodld,slhs
lsh,' Ydiaj;hs lsh,' yeuodg u ;sfhk iajNdjhla lsh,'
^iiai;s úh Ldh;s& ta jqKdg kqjKska olsk flkdg
fu;ek i;a jYfhka .kakg jákd lsisjla keye'
39
^miaif;d k;aÓ ls[apkx&

fkdfhla fkdfhla lreKq ldrKd bÈßhg wrf.k

l,n,fhka fkd ikaiqkaj ld¾h nyq, ù isák wo iudch

39 Lq( ks( 1" Wodkmd,s" Wfok iQ;%h" 288 msg" nq( c( uq(
 69

foi n,kak' to;a wo;a u;=;a f,dalfha iajNdjh ´lhs'

l,ska l, úia;r fjkia jqj;a ixl,amkd Tiafia fm<öfï
iajNdjfha wuq;a;la kE' wúÊcd" ixLdr" ú[a[dK"
kdurEm" i<dh;k" Miai" fõokd" ;Kayd" Wmdodk" Nj"
cd;s" crdurK m%;H iïnkaO;dj ;uhs ;sfhkafka'
nqÿjrhka jykafia,d my< jQfha kuq;a fkd jQfha kuq;a
Oïukshdu;dfõ iajNdjh kï ´lhs' iekiSu we;af;a
ixl,amkd f,dalh ;=< fkdj tys ksfrdaOfhyshs' l<hq;af;a
m%;smodj weröuhs'

14' uÊfCO iQ;%fhka

fudy÷r úksúo ±lSfï § wmg jeo.;a jk iQ;h

% la
;uhs wx.=;a;r ksldfha uÊfCO iQ;%h' tys wka;¾.;h
ie,ls,af,ka f;areï .ekSu iïudÈÜÀh ilia lr.ekSu
m%;smodj jeãu msKsi b;du jeo.;a fjkj' fuf;la
l:dl< lreKq;a th f;areï .ekSu i|yd m%fhdackj;a
fõú' jrla NsCIQka jykafia,d msKavmdf;ka wk;=rej O¾u
idlÉPd lrkfldg fufyu w;=re l:djla Wmkak'
mdrdhkfha fu;af;hHm[ayfha"
—fid WNkaf; úÈ;ajdk uÊfCO uka;d k ,smam;s
;x n%Eñ uydmqßfid;s fidZO isínksuÉp.d'˜
hkqfjka nqÿrcdKka jykafia l< foaYkdfõ tla wka;h
fudlla o fojk wka;h fudlla o uOHh fudlla o
isínks lshkafka ljrla o" lshk m%Yakh we;s jqkd' t;ek
 70

§ ia:úr NsCIQka jykafia,d ;u ;udf.a m%{dfõ muKska

W;a;r yhla ÿkak'
'
m<uq wka;h uOHh fojkwka;h
1 Miafid MiaiksfrdfOd Miaiiuqofhd
2 w;S;x mÉpqmamkakx wkd.;x
3 iqLdfjokd wÿlaLuiqLdfjokd ÿlaLdfjokd
4 kdux ú[a[dKx rEmx
5 P ú[a[dKx P ndysrdks
wÊCO;a;ldks wdh;kdks
wdh;kdks
6 ilaldfhd ilaldhksfrdfOd Ilaldhiuqofhd

fï idlÉPdfõ § W;a;r yhla ,enqkdu fldalo yß

lshk m%Yakh we;sjqkd' tksid tla ia:úr NsCIq kula wmf.a
jegySï muKska ms<s;=re ÿkak;a nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.ka u
úui, ±k ta wkqj ord.ksuq lsh, fhdackd l<d'
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.ka fï ms<sn|j úuimqjdu
Wkajykafia jodf<a ta ta mßhdfhka n,kfldg Tn
ieufokdf.a u ms<s;=re iqNdIs;hs' ta;a fu;af;hH m[ayfha
§ uu l:dlf<a Miaih tl wka;hla yeáhg;a Miaiiuqoh
fojk wka;h yeáhg;a MiaiksfrdaOh uOHh yeáhg;a
i<ldf.k nj jod<' ish¨ ixl,am Wodfjkafka
i<dh;ksl iam¾Yh ksid' ^Miaiiuqohd iífnOïud&
tneúkqhs" nqÿrcdKka jykafia fuys § Miaih jeo.;a fldg
wjOdrKh lr, ;sfhkafka' b;ska fï ms<s;=re yh u
 71

úoiqka kqjK jeãfï § lugyka jYfhka b;du jeo.;a'

tajd tlla tlla fjk fjk u uo jYfhka fyda f;areï
.ekSu wmg m%fhdackj;a fjkj'

15' wÿlaLuiqLfjokd uÊfCO

W;a;r yfhka ;=kafjkshg ;sfhk W;a;rhg

iïnkaOj ;uhs wms fuÉpr fj,d l:d lr, ;sfhkafka'
fï oyï újrKfhÈ uQ,sl jYfhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfka
f,daNh oafõIh yd fudayhg iïnkaO iqLfõokdj;a
ÿlaLfõokdj;a wÿlaLuiqLfõokdj;a f;areï .ekSuhs' wms
±ka fuh mdrdhk .d:dfõ f;areu;a tlal fláfhka jgyd
.kakg n,uq' —mqoa.,hd wka; fol ±kf.k ueo m%{dfjka
fkd wef,a kï Tyq uydmqreIhdhhs lshñ' Tyq ;DIaKd
kue;s ueyqïldßh blau .sfha h'˜ fï ;uhs ta .d:dfõ ir<
f;areu' fõokdjg iïnkaO lr, fï .d:dj f;areï lrmq
yduqÿrefjda ÿkak W;a;rh iQ;%fha ±lafjk wdldrfhka ±ka
wms y÷kd .ksuq'

—weje;aks iqL fõokdj tl wk;ahla' ÿla fõokdj

fojk wka;h' wÿlaLuiqL fõokdj uOHhhs' iqj ÿla fol
tla;eka lrñka ueiau ouk isínksh kï ;Kaydjhs'
;DIaKdj u ta ta Njfha Wm; msKsi ueiau oukafka h' fu
muKlska NsCIqjla fjfiia kqjKska o;hq;a; ±k.;a;d
fjhs' msßis| o;hq;a; msßis| ±k.;a;d fjhs' fjfiiska
 72

o;hq;a; fjfiiska o;=fha msßis| o;hq;a; msßis| o;=fha fï

Njfhys § u ÿla fl<jr lrkafka h'˜40

iqLfõokdj;a ÿlafõokdj;a w;r foda,kh jk is;

fjfiia kqjKska f;drhs' fï fõokd fya;= m%;Hhkaf.ka
yg.kafk" lshk nj olskak ´k' fõokdjg m%;Hh jkafka
i<dh;ksl iam¾Yhhs' ^MiaimÉphd fjokd& fõokdj
m%;Hh fjkafka ;Kaydjg' ^fjokd mÉphd ;Kayd& talhs"
fuf;kÈ wjYH fjfiia kqjK' tfia máÉpiuqmamkak;dj
kqjKska olsk muKg iqj ÿla w,a,kafk ke;sj WfmaCIl
fjkak mq¿jka' ;Kaydj ksihs iqjÿla w,a,kafk" lshk nj
olskjd kï ueo ;Kaydfjka nef|kafk;a kE' uOHh
;Kaydfjka jeys, ksid mqoa.,hd th okafk kE' tys fkd
we,S bkak kï úoiqk kqjK wjYHhs' ú|skafkl=;a ú|sk
fohl=;a olskafka yqÿ ujd .ekSula yeáhg nj úoiqka
kqjKska olskak ´k' oyïuÕ jefvkafka ta wdldrhg'

tfia olsk úghs" iqLfõokdfjka rd.dkqihla we;s

fkd jkafk' ÿlaLfõokdfjka má>dkqihla we;s fkd
jkafk' wÿlaLuiqL fõokdfõ wúÊcdkqihla we;s fkd
jkafka' fõokdfõ iuqoh;a ksfrdaOh;a wdiajdoh;a

40 —iqLd fLd wdjqfid fjokd tfld wkaf;d" ÿlaLd fjokd ÿ;sfhd

wkaf;d" wÿlaLuiqLd fjokd uÊfCO" ;Kayd isínks' ;Kayd ys
kx isín;s ;iai ;iafij Njiai wNsksín;a;shd' t;a;dj;d fLd
wdjqfid NslaLq wNs[af[hHx wNscdkd;s" mß[af[hHx mßcdkd;s'
wNs[af[hHx wNscdkkaf;d mß[af[hHx mßcdkkaf;d ÈÜfGj
Oïfu ÿlaLiaika;lfrd fyd;s'˜
wx( ks( 4" uÊfCO iQ;%h" 186 msg" nq( c( uq(
 73

wd§kjh;a ksiairKh;a olsk mqoa.,hd fõokdj uu uf.a

jYfhka fkd .kakd ksid wúÊcdkqih WmÈkafk kE'
tfyu flfkla iqjfõokdjla" ÿlaLfõokdjla"
wÿlaLuiqLfjokdjla we;sjk úg flf,ia iuÕ tla fkd
ù ú|skj' ÿlafõokdfõ§;a tfyuhs' tn÷ jQ Y%e;j;a
wdhH_Y%djlhd cd;s crdurK fidal mßfoj ÿla fodïkia
Wmdhdihkaf.ka fjka jQ ksid ÿflka fjka jQfha hhs lshkq
,nkj'41

16' MiaiksfrdfOd uÊfCO

—fid WNkaf; úÈ;ajdk˜ hk mdrdhkj.a. .d:dfõ

§ nqÿrcdKka jykafia wfmaCId lf<a Miaih;a Miaiiuqoh;a
MiaiksfrdaOh;a nj l,ska i|yka l<d' Miaihg m%;Hh
jkafka i<dh;khs' Miaih m%;Hh jkafka úkaokhghs'
tmuKla fkdfjhs' i[a[djg;a fÉ;kdjg;a m%;Hh
jkafka Miaihhs' Miaih hkq bkaøshkq;a wruqKq;a
ú[a[dKh;a tlaùuhs' Miaih kue;s wka;h t;ekhs'
úkaok" ix{d" fÉ;kd Tiafia l%shd;aul fjkfldg
mqoa.,hd bkafka Miaiiuqoh wka;fha' MiaiksfrdaOh

41 —'''''fid ;dix fõokdkx iuqoh[ap w;a:.u[ap wiaido[ap

wd§j[ap ksiairK[ap h:dN+;x mcdkd;s''''''fid iqL[afp
fjokx fjÈh;s úi[a[q;af;d kx fjÈh;s' ÿlaL[afp fjokx
fjÈh;s úi[a[q;af;d kx fjÈh;s' wÿlaLuiqL[afp fjokx
fjÈh;s úi[a[q;af;d kx fjÈh;s'whx jqÉp;s NslaLfjiq;jd
wßhidjfld úi[a[q;af;d cd;shd crdurfKk fidflys
mßfofjys ÿlafLys fodukiafiys Wmdhdfiys" úi[a[q;af;d
ÿlaLiaud;s jodñ'˜
ix( ks( 4" i,a, iQ;%h" 398 msg" nq( c( uq(
 74

uOHhhs' Miaifhka Miaihg mksk is; tl È.g w;aolsk

iam¾Yhla lsh, ys;d .kakj' Miai ksfrdaOh olskafka kE'

ioaO¾uh ;=<ska ±k.kaklï idudkH mqoa.,hd fï

ksfrdaOh olskafka keye' Miaifhka Miaih .eg,kafka
;Kaydj kue;s ueyqïldßh' MiaiksfrdaOhla okafka
ke;akï olskafka ke;akï Miaih m%;Hh lrf.k ixidr
m%jdyhg yiqfjÉp .uka ;uhs bkafk' l,skq;a i|yka l<
±,afjk úÿ,s nqnqf,a wdf,dalh ms<sn| ksoiqk fuf;kaÈ
u;la lr.kak' ;rx. jYfhka .uka lrk úoHq;h ±,aú,d
tflfKys ksfjkjd' tflfKys kej; ±,afjkjd' ksfjk
CIKh wfma weig yiqfjkafka kE' wms w;aolskafka wLKav
wdf,dalhla' >Kix{djg jefgkj lsh, lshkafk talhs'
wkak ta jf.a ;DIaKdj úiska Miaifhka Miaih .eg,k
fldg ksfrdaOhla fmfkkafka keye' t;fldg l¾ufõ.
is;a mxpWmdodkialkaO is;a ;uhs yeÈ ye§ ;sfhkafk'
Njÿl ;uhs ilia fjkafk'

fuf;kaÈ wjYH fjfiia kqjK wms ±ka f;areï

lr.ksuq' fu;ekÈ .ksuq" wei weiqfrka Wmka iam¾Yhla'
ú[a[dKh yg.kakg m%;H folla ´k' ^oajhx NslaLfj
máÉp ú[a[dKx iïfNd;s& wei;a rEm;a ksid
plaLqú[a[dKh WmÈkj' wei yg.;af;a rEm ±lSfï
lD;Hh;a tlaluhs' ±lSfuka f;drjk úg wei;a ksreoaOhs'
ta ksid wei wks;Hhs' fmrf,kiq¨hs' fjkia jkiq¨hs'
weig wruqKq jk úghs" rEm WmÈkafk;a' wruqKq
 75

fjkake;akï rEm;a ksreoaOhs' ta ksid rEm;a wks;Hhs'

fmrf,kiq¨hs' fjkia jkiq¨hs' wei;a rEm;a fol u
p,kh fjkj' jeh fjkj' ta ksid wks;Hhs'
fmrf,kiq¨hs' fjkia fjkiq¨hs' ^b;af:;x oajhx
p,[afpj jh[ap wksÉpx úmßKdñ w[a[:dNdú'&

fu;ekÈ f;areï .;hq;= fohla ;sfhkjd' z;sfhk

weyelska ;sfhk fohla n,kjdZ lshk ye`.Su fu;ekg
.kak tmd' iir ljo;a ys;kak mqreÿ fj,d ysáh úÈy
;uhs" ta' uiefia ;sfhk mgl fjkia ùu" y;<sia we|sßh
we;sùu jf.a foaj,ska wefia wks;Hh ±lSula fkdfjhs"
fu;k ;sfhkafk' wei WmÈkafka rEm wruqKq ùu;a
iu`.hs' ;j úÈhlska lshkjd kï ±lSfï ld¾hh iu`.hs
wei WmÈkafka' wruqKq WmÈkafka wei WmÈkjd;a tlaluhs'
fï l:dlrkafka ndysr f,dalfha we;s ùula .ek fkdfjhs'
wdOH;añl f,dalh iliajk yeá nj fyd|ska isysfha ;nd
.kak' iir ilia fjkjd lshkafka wdOHd;añl f,dalh
ilia lr .ekSuhs' ksjkau. jefvkakg kï ±k.kak ´k
lrkafka ta wdOHd;añl f,dalh" mxpWmdodkialkaO
f,dalh iliajk wdldrhhs' iir ilia ùu is; ms<sn|
;;a;ajhla jkakd fia u ksjka wjfndaOh o is; ms<sn|
;;a;ajhla u nj wu;l fkd l<hq;= hs'

plaLqú[a[dKh yg.kafk;a wei;a rEm;a yg.ekSu

tlaluhs' wei rEm yg.kafka;a plaLqú[a[dKh
yg.ekSu;a tlaluhs' fï plaLqú[a[dKh;a wks;Hhs'
 76

fmrf,kiq¨hs' fjkia fjkiq¨hs' plaLqú[a[dKfha

bm§ug hï fya;=jla hï m%;Hhla fõ kï ta
fya;=m%;Hhkq;a wks;Hhs' fmrf,kiq¨hs' fjkia jkiq¨hs'
wks;H jQ m%;Hhka ksid yg.;a plaLqú[a[dKh fldfydu
kï ks;H fjkak o@
fï wei;a rEm;a plaLqú[a[dKh;a hk lreKq
;=fka talaùu /iaùu iud.uh ;uhs plaLqiïMiaih
lshkafk' ^hd fLd NslaLfj bfuix ;sKaKx Oïudkx ix.;s
ikaksmdf;d iujdfhd whx jqÉp;s NslaLfõ
plaLqiïMiafid& plaLqiïMiaih;a wks;Hhs' fmrf,kiq¨hs'
fjkia jkiq¨hs' plaLqiïMiaifha bm§ug hï fya;=jla hï
m%;Hhla fõ kï tajd o wks;Hh' fmrf,kiq¨ h' fjkia
jkiq¨ h' fï wks;H jQ m%;Hh ksid Wmka plaLqiïMiaih
fldfydu kï ks;H fjkak o' wks;H O¾uhka ;=<ska ks;H
O¾u we;sfjkak bvla kE' iam¾Y lrkq ,nk foa ;uhs"
ú|skafka ^MqÜfGd fjfo;s&' iam¾Y lrkq,nk foa u ;uhs"
y÷kd.kafk ^MqÜfGd i[acdkd;s&' iam¾Y lrkq,nk foa u
;uhs" is;kafk ^MqÜfGd fpf;;s&' iam¾Yh ke;akï ú|Su;a
kE' ye|skSu;a kE' fÉ;kd;a kE' iEu ilia ùula u m%;H
iïnkaO;d muKhs' ta O¾u Tlafldu;a ief,kjd' jeh
fjkj' wks;Hhs' fmrf,k iq¨hs' fjkia jkiq¨hs'42 lshk

42 —'''''plaLqiïMiafidms wksÉfpd úmßKdó w[a[:dNdù" fhdms

fy;= fhdms mÉpfhd wksÉfpd úmßKdó w[a:dNdù" wksÉpx fLd mk
NslaLfj mÉphx máÉp Wmamkafkd plaLqiïMiafid l=f;d ksÉfpd
Núiai;s' MqÜfGd NslaLfj fjfo;s" mqÜfGd i[acdkd;s" MqÜfGd fpf;;s"
b;af:f;ms Oïud p,d fpj jHhd p wksÉpd úmßKdñfkd
w[a[:dNdúfkd'˜
ix( ks( 4" ÿ;shoajh iQ;%h" 148 msg" nq( c( uq(
 77

fï i;Hh kqjKska olskak ´k' ksh; jYfhka we;s O¾u

lsisjla kE'
fï ;uhs" fu;ek § wjYH jk fjfiia kqjK'
fhdksfidaukisldrfhka hq;=j n,k flkd fidïkfiys
ne|S fodïkfiys ne|S f.yis; WfmaCIdfjys ne|S rEmh
iómfha is; yiqrejkafka kE' rEmh blaujkjd' ^rEmx
w;sj;a;;s& fï l%ufhka u ;uhs" Yío" .kaOdÈh;a
blaujkafk'

17' mÉpqmamkakx uÊfCO

;;amrfhka ;;amrhg mkskafk ke;=j .uka lrk

;;amrlgqj we;s Trf,daiqjla wrka n,mqjdu wm .;lrk
fï fudfyd; fld;rï ishqï o lsh, hï jegySula we;s
lr.kak mq¿jka' w,a, .kak;a biairfj,d w;S;hg tla
fjkjd' wkd.;h fï fudfyd; fjkj' tieKska w;S;h
fjkj' w;S;h;a wkd.;h;a w,a,df.k ;ukaf.a w;a±lSï
f,dalh mqïn.;a; .;sfhka ;uhs" mqoa.,hd bkak nj
fmfkkafka' t;fldg fudl o fjkafk' mÉpqmamkakh yiq
fjkafk;a kE' ;Kaydj kue;s ueyqïldßh t;ek
fmfkkak fokafk kE' foda,kh fjkafka w;S;fhhs
wkd.;fhhs' w;S;h tl wka;hla' wkd.;h fojk
wka;hhs' m%;Hq;amkak fudfyd; uOHhhs' ys; w;S;h w,a,d
.kafk;a fï fudfydf;' wkd.;h w,a,kafk;a fï
fudfydf;' ;Kaydfjka w;Sf;hs wkd.f;hs w,a,f.k
bkak ksid fï fudfyd; fmfkkafk kE' w¨f;ka
 78

w¨f;ka yefokafka l¾ufõ. is;a' b;ska fudlo" fjkafk'

wkqih jefvkj' iir k;r fjkafk kE' w;S; w;a±lSula
fõjd wkd.; me;=ula fõjd is;g we;s fjkfldg ta isf;a
wks;H nj ÿla nj wkd;au nj olskjd kï uOHh w,a,d
.ekSula isoaOfjkafk kE'

l¾u ìysùug fya;= ;=kla nqÿrcdKka jykafia

foaYkd lrkj' w;S; jQ Pkaord.ÜGdkSh O¾u wrNhd
we;sjk leue;a;" wkd.; jQ Pkaord.ÜGdkSh O¾u wrNhd
WmÈk leue;a;" ±ka we;s Pkaord.ÜGdkSh O¾u wrNhd
WmÈk leue;a; jYfhka'43 w;S;h blañ,d bjrhs' ta;a ta
isf;a r|jd.;a wkqih lr.;a ixialdr igyka kej; kej;
Wmojñka flf,ia f.dvk.kj' u;=;a ,nkakg leu;s
fjkjd' fï iajNdjh we;s;dla iirÿl mj;skjd'

nqÿrcdKka jykafia jrla fï úÈhg foaYkdjla

l<d' —uyfKks' fmr wkNsiïnqoaO fndai;a wjia:dfjys ug
fufyu l,amkdjla we;s jqkd' uúiska hï mxpldu.=Khla
fmr iam¾Y lrk ,oafoa o" w;S;hg .sfha o" ksreoaO jQfha o"
úmßKduhg .sfha o" tys uf.a is; nyq, jYfhka mj;skj'
j¾;udk mxpldu.=Khkays;a ^tfiau& mj;skj' wkd.;
mxpldu.=Khkays uo jYfhka mj;skj' uyfKks" ta jQ ug
fufyu is;la we;s jqkd' ;udg u jev leu;s ud úiska

43 —;SKsudks NslaLfj ksodkdks lïudkx iuqohdh' l;udks ;SKs(

w;Sf; NslaLfj Pkard.ÜGdkSfh Oïfu wdrnN Pkafod cdh;s'
wkd.f;'''''''''mÉpqmamkafk'''''''''˜
wx( ks( 1" iïfndê j.a." 10 iQ;%h" 470 msg" nq( c( uq(
 79

fmr is;ska iam¾Y lrk ,o" blaó .sh" ksreoaO jQ

úmßKduhg .sh mxpldu.=Kfhys wm%ud§ nj yd isysh hk
isf;a wdrCIdj l<hq;= h˜ lsh,' fndai;dKka jykafia
jvmq úÈh u ;uhs wmg;a nqoaO;ajfhka miq lsh, fokafk'
b;ska ta nj NsCIQka jykafia,dg u;la lr, —;uyg jev
leu;s Tn,d úiska o wm%udoh yd isysh hk isf;a wdrCIdj
l<hq;= hhs˜44 o jod<'

wmg w;S;hla wkd.;hla fï fudfyd;la

uefjkafk w;a±lSï j,g idfmaCIj nj uq,ska u f;areï
.ekSu wjYHhs' w;a±lSï ysf;a igykla ;n, ksreoaO
fjkj' t;fldg tal w;S;fha' wks;H fj,d' ta jqk;a ta
.ek isys lrñka fï fudfyd;g weo, .kakjd' ta;a tal
u;la jqkdg u ú|.kak neß ixialdr igykla ú;rhs' ta
ksid w¨f;ka kej; ú|.ekSu n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkj'
leu;s fjkjd' t;ek È wkd.;h uefjkjd' Th w;S;h;a
Th wkd.;h;a uefjkafka fï fydf;a' mÉpqmamkakh fkd
±l w;S;fh;a wkd.;fha;a foda,kh fjkj'

mqoa.,hd Bfha m%sh rEmhla ±lald lsh, ys;uq'

ú[a[dKfha igyka jQfha kdurEm m%;sìïnhla nj okafk
kE' iqNksñ;a;la ksid rd.dkqifhka wkqih jqkd' ±ka ta
wei;a kE' rEmh;a kE' wks;H fj,d' w;S;hg .syska' ta;a ta

44 —;iaud;sy NslaLfj ;=ïydlïms fh fjd m[apldu.=Kd

fp;fid iïMqÜGmqínd w;S;d ksreoaOd úmßK;d ;;% fjd
w;a;rEfmys wmamudfod i;s fp;fid lrKSfhd'˜
ix( ks( 4" ldu;=K iQ;%h" 204 msg" nq( c( uq(
 80

wei ms<sn| wfmaCIdj;a rEmh ms<sn| wfmaCIdj;a ;sfhkjd

kï wkd.; me;=u;a ;sfhkj' fï fudfydf;a fï w;S;h;a
wkd.;h;a hk fofldk .eg ,kafka ;Kaydj kue;s
ueyqïldßh' m%{dj ke;akï fï fudfyd; jeys,' w;Sf;ghs
wkd.;hghs jeá jeà bkakj' Bfha weiska ±lal m%sh rEmh
±ka u;lhla ú;rhs' f.ayis; fidïkila jYfhka u;la
jk yeu úg u Wmdodk Nj cd;s crd urK fidal mßfoj
ÿla fodïkia Wmdhdi l%shd;aulhs' fï yokafka iir ÿl'

fï fufydf;a m%{dj fhdok wdldrh wms ±ka jgyd

.kakg ´k' Y%e;j;a wdhH_Y%djlhd fu;ekÈ l%shd lrkafka
fldfydu o lsh, n,uq' Y%e;j;a wdhH_Y%djlhd w;S; wei
wkd.; wei wks;Hhs lsh, olskj' ^plaLqx wksÉpx
w;S;dkd.;x& w;S; rEm wkd.; rEm wks;Hhs lsh, olskj'
^rEmd wksÉpd w;S;dkd.;d& mj;akd wei ms<sn| lshkqu
ljf¾ o ^fld mk jdfod mÉpqmamkakiai& mj;akd rEm
ms<sn| lshkqu ljf¾ o ^mÉpqmamkakdkx& lsh, olskj'
tfyu we;sieáfhka fjfiia kqjKska ±l, w;S; jQ
wefiys wkfmaCIs; fjkj' ^w;S;iañx plaLqiañx wkfmfLd
fyd;s& w;S; rEm j, wkfmaCIs; fjkj' ^w;Sf;iq rEfmiq
wkfmfLd fyd;s& wkd.; wei m;kafk kE' ^wkd.;x
plaLqx kdNskkao;s& wkd.; rEm m;kafk kE' ^wkd.f;
rEfm kdNskkao;s& fufyu w;S;fhka wkd.;fhka
ñfoñka fï fudfydf;a mj;akd wei ms<sn|j;a
^mÉpqmamkakiai plaLqiai& mj;akd rEm ms<sn|j;a
^mÉpqmamkakdkx rEmdkx& we;s ieáh okakd neúka kqjKska
 81

hqla;j l,lsÍu" fkd we,Su" ksfrdaOh msKsi fhduq fjkj'

^ksíìodh úrd.dh ksfrdaOdh mámkafkd fyd;s'&45
zmámkafkd fyd;sZ lshk fldg u wmg jegfykjd fï
Y%e;j;a wdhH_Y%djlhd wdhH_ m%;smodfõ kshef,k wdldrhhs"
lsh,' fï wdldrhg u lk Yío wd§ jYfhka fiiq bkaøsh
yd wruqKq ms<sn|j;a úoiqka kqjKska ta ta ;ekÈ u olskj'
wksÉpdkqmiaikdfjka olsk wdldrhg u ÿlaLdkqmiai-
kdfjkq;a olskj' wk;a;dkqmiaikdfjkq;a olskj' w;S;h;a
wkd.;h;a w;yßk mqoa.,hd uOHh .%yKh fkd l<hq;=
wdldrh w;a;oKav iQ;%fha olakg ,efnkafka fukak fï
wdldrhghs' —w;S; jQ ixialdrhka weiqfrka bmÿKq flf,ia
we;akï tajd úh<d oukak' ^hx mqífn ;x úfidfiys&
wkd.;fhys u;=úhyels ixialdrhka wruqKq fldg flf,ia
we;s ùug bv fkd yßkak' ^mÉPd f; udyq ls[apkx&
uOHfhys ^j¾;udkfhys& ixialdrhka wruqKq jYfhka fkd
.kafka kï" Tyq WmYdka;j yeisfrkq we;' ^uÊfCO fp
fkd .fyiaiis Wmikaf;d pßiaiis'&46

18' kdufha;a rEmfha;a uOHh jQ ú[a[dKh(

kduh;a rEmh;a .ek fï oyï ,shú,af,a jßka jr

i|yka jqKd' kdurEm lshkafka ú[a[dKfha jefgk
m%;sìïnhla nj lshejqKd' ú[a[dKh fmkakqï lrkafka

45 ix( ks( 4" ÿ;sh wÊCO;a;dksÉp iQ;%h" 8 msg" nq( c( uq(

ndysrdksÉp iQ;%h" 12 msg" nq( c( uq(

46 iq( ks( w;a;oKav iQ;%h" 953 .d:dj" nq( c( uq(

 82

mGú wdfmda f;afcda jdfhda wdY%fhka .kakd bkaøshdkqidÍ

kduud;% rEmO¾uhs' fï rEm ixcdkkh lrkafka fõokd"
i[a[d" fp;kd" Miai" ukisldr lshk kduO¾u wdY%fhka'
ta ksid ta rEm kduud;% rEmO¾u nj wu;l fkd l<hq;=hs'
ta rEmO¾u j,g kula ^wêjpkhla& od, we;a; foa yeáhg
.kak tlhs idudkH f,dalhd lrkafka' wêjpkhg uq,a
jQk kduO¾u tl wka;hla' rEmh fojk wka;h' uOHfhys
jkafka ú[a[dKhhs' mqoa.,hd f,dalh yeáhg w;aolskafka
fï ú[a[dK yd kdurEm tlsfklg m%;H fjñka ujd
fok m%;sìïnhhs' mqoa.,hd wei lk wd§ b÷rka u.ska
ksr;=re wruqKq lrkafka rEmO¾uhs'

mqoa.,hd ;udf.a flf,ia j, yeá yeáhg olskak

wykak ú|skak leu;s jk wdldrfhka olskafk" wykafk"
ú|skafk Th rEmO¾uhs' úkaok" ye|skSï" fÉ;kd Tiafia
iam¾Y lrñka ukisldrfhys fhfoñka wruqKq olskj'
wykj' ú|skj' ta lshkafk ú[a[dKh úiska ujmq
wdldrhg ;uhs" olskafka' wykafk' ú|skafk' t;fldg
mqoa.,hd w;aÿgqfj ú[a[dKh úiska ujdmq kdurEmuhs'
kdurEmfhyshs" ú[a[dKh msysgkafk' ú[a[dKhg
kdurEm ke;=j nE' kdurEmhg ú[a[dKh ke;=j nE' iir
meje;au n,.ekafjkafk fï fofla wfkHdkH m%;H
Ndjfhka' ^ú[a[dK mÉphd kdurEmx" kdurEm mÉphd
ú[a[dKx& ta nj okafk ke;s lu ;ud wúoHdj lshkafk'
wúoHdj m%;Hh lrf.k wiaidi miaidi lshk
ldhixLdrh;a ú;lal úpdr lshk jÖixLdrh;a i[a[d
 83

fõokd lshk Ñ;a;ixLdrh;a jeh fjkafk" ú[a[dK

kdurEm fol f.dvk.kak' ú[a[dKh kdurEmhg m%;Hh
fjkfldg kdurEm ú[a[dKhg m%;Hh fjkj' b;ska
wdh;k yfha l%shdldß;ajh;a Miai fõokd ;Kayd Wmdodk
Nj cd;s crdurK fidal mßfoj ÿla fodïkia Wmdhdi;a
Tfya ilia fjkj' fï ilia ùfï úÑ;%;ajfha yeá yeáhg
wdh;smqkíNjdNsksín;a;sh úÑ;%j isÿfjkj' ldu rEm
wrEm Nj;%fha u i;aj mej;=ï j, úÑ;%;ajfha moku
kduO¾uhkaf.a úÑ;%;ajhhs'

kduO¾u Tiafia rEmO¾u wruqKq lrkfldg

fjkafka fudlla o lsh, ±ka úui, n,uq' weiska wruqKq
lrk rEmhlg rd.fhka nef|kafka rd.h rEmfha we;s
iajNdjhla ksid fkd fõ' n,k flkd olskak leu;s
wdldrhg ta rEmh foi ne,Su ksihs' ±lafla j¾Kh yd
yevh muKhs' wefika fmkakqï lrkafka tÉprhs' olskakd
úkaok" ix{d" fÉ;kd wdfrdamKh lr,hs n,kafka' ta ksid
n,kakdg rd.hg lreKq ldrKd fmfkkjd' n,k wdldrh
wkqjhs" fï fmfkkafka lsh," n,kakd okafk kE' yevh
meyeh ÿgq ieKska u úkaok ix{d§ ixl,am wdfrdamKh
fj,;a bjrhs'

±ka b;ska kduhhs rEmhhs w;r foda,kh fjkj'

;Kaydj kue;s ueyqï ldßh kduhhs rEmhhs .eg.y,'
fïl ueõfõ ú[a[dKh nj okafk kE' fï kdurEm
w,a,d.;a; ú[a[dKhg lshkj wNsixL; ú[a[dKh
 84

lsh,' ljr bkaøshhlska m%sh" wm%sh fln÷ wruqKla .;a;;a

isÿ fj,d ;sfhkafk ú[a[dKfha ueú,a,hs' ,iaikhs"
le;hs" ñysßhs" wñysßhs lshk nj wruqKq w;aolskakkaf.a
ysf;ka u;=jkakla úkd wruqKq lrk fofhys we;s
;;a;ajhla fkdfõ' fï ú[a[dKfha udhdjhs' fï ;;a;ajh
kqjKska ±lSu u ;ud kdurEm blaujñka uOHfhys jk
ú[a[dKh ksreoaO lrkakg we;s ud¾.h'

mqreIhd ia;%S rEmh;a ia;%sh mqreI rEmh;a olskak

leu;shs' olsk rEmhg rd.fhka ne÷k;a úrd.hg lreKq;a
ta rEmfha u ;sfhkjd' ta rEmfha wuqøjH lsisjlg mqoa.,hd
leu;s kE' fjk fjk u .;af;d;a fldfydugj;a leu;s
fjkak neß foaj,ska ;uhs" fï uQ¾;sh uQ¾;su;a fj,d
;sfhkafk' leue;a;la ke;s me;a; olskak wikak ú|skak
´kElula ke;s ksid mqyÿq ka f,dalhd úrd.hg lreKla tys
ke;ehs is;kjd' ysf;a ´kElug hg ù isák úg úrd.hg
lreKq fkd fmkS hkjd' úrd.S wiqN oDIaáfldaKfhka
n,k fldg;a uefjkafk kdurEmhs' wiqNh;a ix{djla
fk' iqNix{dj ì|fy<d .kakhs" wiqN ix{dj wjYH
fjkafk' kdurEm ueú,a, f;areï .ekSfukqhs" fõokd
i[a[d fp;kd ish,af,ka u ñfokafka'

wdh;k yfha u wruqKq iïnkaOfhka fï i;H;dj

kqjKska mÍCId lr, n,kak ´k' ú[a[dKh ujk
kdurEm nj f;areï .kakd úghs" fu;k we;s uq<dj
f;afrkafk' kdurEm iuqofhkqhs is;la WmÈkafka'
 85

^kdurEm iuqohd Ñ;a;iai iuqofhd& kdurEm ksfrdaOfhka

isf;a ksfrdaOh fõ' ^kdurEm ksfrdOd Ñ;a;iai ksfrdfOd&47
fï is;aj, kdurEm uefjkfldg mqoa.,hd ys;kafk —uu
fu;k˜" —rEmh t;k˜ lsh,' rEmh kduud;% jqk nj
okafka kE' fuh meyeÈ,s lr ÿkak;a mqyqÿka is;g tljr
fuh ms<s.kak fkd ysf;k ;ruhs' ta ksid
fhdaksfidaukisldrfhka OïudkqOïu mám;a;sfhys ksr;=re
fhfokak u ´k'

19' wÊCO;a;lwdhkfh;aa ndysrwdh;kfha;a

uOHh jQ ú[a[dKh(

ú[a[dKh uOHh lr.;a; ;j;a wka; folla

;sfhkjd' wei" lk" kdih" Èj" lh" uk tl wka;hla'
rEm" Yío" .kaO ri" fMdÜGín" Oïu fojk wka;h' fï
wka; folg ueÈ jkafk;a ú[a[dKh' fï wka; fol
iïnkaO lrK ueyqïldßh ;uhs ;DIaKdj' ;DIaKdj ksid
mqoa.,hdg uOHh tkï( ú[a[dKh fmfkkafk kE' weihs
rEmhhs .eg,kjd' b;ska wei;a rEmh;a w;r ;uhs mqoa.,hd
foda,kh fjkafk' plaLqú[a[dKh fmfkkafk kE' lkhs
Yíohhs .eg,kj' ta fol w;rhs foda,kh fjkafk'
fida;ú[a[dKh fmfkkafk kE' Th úÈhg yeu
wdh;khla .ek u jgyd .kak ´k' fï ;DIaKdfjka

47 ix( ks( 5 ^1&" iuqoh iQ;%h" 330 msg" nq( c( uq(

 86

.eg,kj lshkafk we;s fohla yeáhg ks;H ix{djla

we;slr .ekSuhs'

t;fldg wdh;k iïnkaO;dfõ § we;sjk

rEmi[a[d ioaoi[a[d .kaOi[a[d rii[a[d
fMdÜGíni[a[d Oïui[a[d ieneúka we;s foa yeáhghs"
mqoa.,hd .kafk' we;sj ke;s jk ix{d nj okafka kE'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia wdh;k ifha u i[a[dj Wmud lr,
;sfhkafk ñßÕ=jlg' ñßÕ=j miafia ÿj ÿjd bkafk ke;sj
weiska rEmhla olskfldg my<jk ukdm wukdm
ukdmdukdm is; ixL;hs ´<dßlhs máÉpiuqmamkakhs"
WfmaCIdj u Ydka;hs m%KS;hs lsh, kqjKska olskjd kï
weysms,a,ula .ik ;rï iefKlska is; WfmaCIdfõ
msysgkj lsh, ueÿïiÕsfha bkaøshNdjkd iQ;f
% ha i|yka
fjkjd' fï wdldrhg u Yíoh .ek lsõfj wiqrla .ik
ieKska lsh,' .kaOh .ek lsõfj fk¨ïm;la we,
lrkfldg ta u; we;s Èhì÷jla rEgd hk ;rï iefKka
lsh,' rih .ek lsõfõ Èj.g fl<msvla tlafldg ;=# .dk
;rï iefKlska lsh,' myi .ek lsõfõ jla l< w;la È.=
lrk È.=l< w;la jla lrk ;rï iefKlska lsh,' Oïu
^ixl,am& .ek lsõfj oji mqrd r;al< f,day Ndckhlg
jefgk mudfjka Èhì÷jla jdIam jk ;rï iefKlska
lsh,' t;rï YS>%fhka ^tjx iS>x& t;rï blauKska ^tjx
;=jgx& t;rï wvq fjfyilska ^tjx wmamlisfrk& ukdmh
fyda wukdmh fyda ukdmdukdmh ksreoaO fjñka is;
WfmaCIdjg .kak mq¿jka' wruqKq j, ria;shdÿ fjkafk
 87

ke;sj kqjKska fufkys lsÍu fõ.j;a fjkak ´k'

t;fldghs id¾:l fjkafk'

i<dh;k iïnkaO;dj Tiafia w;aolsk wruqKq

m%mxp lrkafka ke;sj ú[a[dKfha uefjk kdurEm
ms<sìUqj m%;Hh lrf.k i<dh;k f.dvkef.k nj O¾uh
weiSfuka lshùfuka ±k.kak ´k' ta nj ta ta wruqfKys §
u kqjKska olskafka kï i<dh;k ksfrdaOhg wjYH
fjfiia kqjK jkafka thhs' fï i<dh;k ksfrdaOh
lshkafka wei;a - rEm;a" lk;a - Yío;a" kdih;a -
.kaOh;a" Èj;a - rih;a" lh;a - myi;a" uki; - Oïu;a
hk iam¾Ydh;khkaf.a ksfrdaOhhs' wruqKq miqmi ÿjñka
f,dalh i;= lr.ekSug ixidßl i;ajhd l,am .Kka
fjfyi fj,d ;sfhkj' ioaO¾uh yßyeá ±k.kaklï
isÿjkafka thuhs' ta nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia isym
s ;a l<;a
ms<s.kak fkd isf;k .;sh fld;rï kï n,.;= o@ álla
yß w;yer, ne¨fjd;a iekiSula fka o lsh, ysf;aú'

20' ilaldhksfrdfOd uÊfCO(

ilaldh lshkafk mxp WmdodkialkaO j,g'

ilaldhÈÜÀh lshkafk wms fuf;la jßka jr i|yka l<
ú[a[dKfha ms<sìUq jk kdurEm we;a;la lsh, .kak
tlghs' f,dali;ajhd idudkHfhka ilaldhÈÜÀfhka
hqla;j i;ruydN+;rEm Wmdodk lrf.k ú|Sï ye|skSï
fÉ;kd j,g wkqj i<dh;ksl jYfhka rEmdrïuK
 88

ujd.kakj' ta rEm ú|skj' ixcdkkh lrkj' fÉ;kd

fyj;a ixialdr f.dvk.kj' fï ilia fjkafk
WmdodkialkaO' kduO¾u Tiafia uefjk rEfm;a wef,kj'
kduh;a rEmh;a iam¾Y fjkfldg WmÈk úkaokfh;a
wef,kj' ix{dfj;a wef,kj' ixialdrj,;a wef,kj'
kdurEm ms<sìUq lrk ú[a[dKfh;a wef,kj' fï wef,k
iajNdjh ;uhs i;ajhd lsh, y÷kajkak;a fya;=j' —rEm
fõokdÈfhys hï leue;a;la" hï rd.hla" hï i;=gq ùula"
hï ;Kaydjla fõ kï tys we¨fka úfYaIfhka we¨fka
tfyhska i;ajhd hhs lshkq ,efí˜48 lsh, nqÿrcdKka
jykafia foaYkd lrkafka ta ksid'

ldu" rEm" wrEm ;=ka f,dalhu ilaldh-

mßhdmkakhs' fu f,dj ms<sn| lduh" lduix{dj -
mrf,dj ms<sn| lduh" lduix{dj wd§ jYfhka mgka wrka
fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;kh olajd u we;s yeu iir
meje;aula u ilaldh iys; nj wdfk[acimamdh iQ;%fha
i|yka fjkj'49 ixidr i;ajhd flf,ia ;=<ska wruqKq
ms<s.kakd iajNdjfhka ys|Su ;uhs ilaldh wka;fha b|Su
fjkafk' fkdfhla lghq;= j, we,S tys fhÿk" fodvu¨

48 —rEfm fLd rdO" fhd Pkafod fhd rdf.d hd kka§ hd ;Kayd"

;;% i;af;d ;;% úi;af;d ;iaud i;af;d;s jqqÉp;s'˜
ix( ks( 3" i;a; iQ;%h" 342 msg" nq( c( uq(

49 —fh p ÈÜGOïñld ldud fh p iïmrdhsld ldud''''''''''' hd p

fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;ki[a[d" ti ilaldfhd" hdj;d
ilaldfhd'˜
u( ks( 3" wdfk[acimamdh iQ;%h" 88 msg" nq( c( uq(
 89

nfjys we,S tys fhÿk" kskaog we,S tys fhÿk" msßia

msßjrd.ekSfuys we,S tys fhÿk" .sys weiqrg leu;sj tys
we¨k flfkla bkakj kï ta lghq;= Tiafia u Èú
f.fjk ksid tn÷ whf. urKh hym;a fjkafk kE' tn÷
wh bkafka ilaldhfhys we,Sfuka hqla;jhs'
^ilaldhdNsrf;d& ta wh uekeúka ÿla fl<jr lsÍu msKsi
ilaldh w;yer, kE" lsh, Noaol iQ;%fha § ießhq;a
uyry;ka jykafia foaYkd lrkj'50 ±ka wmg hï ;rulg
meyeÈ,shs" ilaldh wka;fha b|Su lshkafk fln÷
iajNdjhla o lsh,'

fï ilaldh tl wka;hla' ilaldh iuqoh fyj;a

mxpWmdodkialkaOfha yg.ekSu fojk wka;hhs' ueo
ilaldh ksfrdaOhhs' ksfrdaOh fkd fmfkk úÈhg
ilaldhiuqofhka ilaldhiuqoh ta ta Njhl bm§u i|yd
.eg,k" ueiau ouk ueyqïldßh ;Kaydjhs' fumuKlska
wNs[a[dfjka o;hq;a; wNs[a[dfjka ±k.;a;d fjkj'
mß[a[dfjka o;hq;a; mß[a[dfjka ±k.;a;d fjkj'
wNs[a[dfjka o;hq;a; wNs[a[dfjka ±k.kafka
mß[a[dfjka o;hq;a; mß[a[dfjka ±k.kafka fï
cSú;fha § u ÿla fl<jr lrkj' fu;ek wNs[a[dfjka
±k.ekSu lsh, lshkafka m%;smodfõ yslafuk flfkla
tkï( fiaL mqoa.,fhla úo¾Ykduh jYfhka fjfiia kqjK

50 —'''''''''k mydis ilaldhx iïud ÿlaLiai wka;lsßhdh'˜

wx( ks( 4" Noaol iQ;%h" 26 msg" nq( c( uq(
 90

fhdoñka m%;smodfõ kshe,Sughs' mß[a[dfjka ±k.ekSu

lshkafka wjfndaO msßmqka ùuhs'

rEmh" fõokdj" ix{dj" ixialdr" ú{dk ialkaOhka

Tiafia zuuZ jkafka fudlla o" zuf.aZ jkafka fudlla o
lsh, fydhkak .shduhs" ilaldhÈÜÀh ìysjkafk' zrEmh
uf.aZ" zuu rEmh iys; flfklaZ" zuf.a wd;aufhys rEmh
;sfíZ" zrEmh ;=< ud isákjdZ hk i;r wdldrfhka rEmh
w,a,df.k is;kj' ta wdldrhg u wfkla ialkaO;a
w,a,df.k is;kj' t;fldg ilaldhÈÜÀh úis wdldrhla
fjkj'

yeu mqyqÿka wfhla u ilaldh kï jQ WmdodkialkaO

iys;j bkak w;r wruqKq ,nñka rEm" úkaok" ye|skSï"
fÉ;kd" ±kSï f.dvk.kj' ta ilia ùu ;uhs"
ilaldhiuqoh' fï l%ufhka ilaldhiuqofhka
ilaldhiuqoh ;Kaydj úiska .eg.ikq ,nk fldg
ilaldh ksfrdaOh olskafk kE' ilaldhiuqoh nqÿrcdKka
jykafia meyeÈ,s lr fokafka fufyuhs' —mqk¾Njh we;s
lrk kkaÈrd. iy.; ta ta ;kays we,Sï we;s lrk
ldu;Kayd" Nj;Kayd" úNj;Kayd hk hï fï ;Kaydjla
fõ o " uyfKks" ta ilaldhiuqoh hhs lshkq ,efí'˜ 51

51 —hdhx ;Kayd fmdfkdNúld kkaÈrd.iy.;d ;;%

;;%dNskkaÈkS" fihHÓox( ldu;Kayd Nj;Kayd úNj;Kayd"
whx jqÉp;s NslaLfj" ilaldhiuqofhd'˜
ix( ks( 3" ilaldh iQ;%h" 276 msg" nq( c( uq(
 91

ilaldhfha je,elaùu iemhla yeáhg wd¾h W;=uka olskj'

kqjKe;ajqkaf.a fï o¾Ykh idudkH f,dalhdf.a ±laug
úreoaOhs'52 kqjKe;a;jqka m[ap WmdodkialkaOh ÿl
yeáhg olsk ksihs' ^m[apqmdolaLkaOd ÿlaLd& wfkla
w;g ish¨ u oDIaájdo ìysjkafka;a fï ilaldhÈÜÀh
mokï lrf.khs'

tfyu kï ilaldh ksfrdaO lshkafk fudlla o"

lsh, B<Õg n,uq' —ta ;DIaKdfõ u hï b;sß fkd fldg
ksreoaOlsÍula ÿr,Sula neyer,Sula ñ§ula fkd we,aula fõ
o uyfKks" fuh ilaldhksfrdaOh hhs lshkq ,efí'˜53
lsh, nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd lrkj' ta i|yd ilaldh
w;ay<hq;a;la nj olskak ´k' tys widr;ajh olskakg
;rï m%{djla wjYH lrkj' ilaldhdNsr;sh fjkqjg
ilaldhksfrdaOfhys leue;a;la tkï( ksjkg leue;a;la
´k lrkj' ^ksínkdNsrf;d& ndysr jev lghq;= j,g u"
ndysr in|;d j,g u" wruqKq j, ixl,amSh jYfhka
mg,efjkakg u uq¨ Ôú; ld,h u .;fjkak yßkak
iqÿiq kE' bkaøshhkag wruqKq ,efnk fldg we,Sï .eàï
/jàï Tiafia mrdu¾Ykh lsÍu fjkqjg kqjKska
iïu¾Ykh lrkak ´k' zth uf.ahZ ^t;x uu& hkqfjka

52 —iqLka;s ÈÜGußfhys ilaldhiaiqmfrdOkx"

mÉpkSlñox fyd;s iínf,dflk miai;x˜
ix( ks( 4" i.hay iQ;%h" 256 msg" nq( c( uq(

53 —fhd ;iaidfhj ;Kaydh wfiiúrd.ksfrdfOd pdf.d

máksiai.af.d uq;a;s wkd,fhd" whx jqÉp;s NslaLfj"
ilaldhksfrdfOd'˜
ix( ks( 3" ilaldh iQ;%h" 276 msg" nq( c( uq(
 92

;Kayd lrñka ixl,amhkays mg,efjkakg fohla fkdjk

nj olskakg ´k' zth uu fjñZ ^tfidyuiañ& hkqfjka
udk lrñka ixl,amhkays mg,efjkak fohla fkd jk nj
olskakg ´k' zth udf.a wd;auhhsZ ^tfid fu w;a;d&
hkqfjka oDIaá .; fjñka ixl,amhkays mg,efjkak
fohla fkd jk nj olskakg olskakg ´k' yqfola we;sj
ke;sj hk" tlla miq tlla jYfhka .,d tk is;aud;%
muKla nj olskak ´k' ksùfï leue;a;la we;s flkdg
fuh l< yelshs'

—hï hï úfgl ialkaOhkaf.a yg.ekSu yd

ksfrdaOh kqjKska iïu¾Ykh lrhs o" fufkys lrhs o"
tl,ays m%S;s m%fudaohla ,nhs' kqjKe;a;jqkag th
54
wuD;hhs'˜ rEm" ú|Sï" ye|kSï" fÉ;kd" ±kSï tall
jYfhka fkd f.k rdYs jYfhka we;sj ke;sjk O¾u nj
kqjKska iïu¾Ykh lrñka m%{dj jvk mqoa.,hdg m%{dj
m%udKj;aj jefvñka hï wjia:djl iam¾Yh ukisldrh
is|Shñka ksfrdaOh m%;HCI fjkj'

iudf,dapkh(

wms fuÉpr fj,d l:d lf<a mqyqÿka f,dalhd

i<dh;ksl w;a±lSï foaj,a njg m;alr .kakd yeá'

54 —hf;d hf;d iïui;s LkaOdkx Wohínhx"

,N;S mS;s mdfudÊcx wu;x ;x úcdk;x'˜
Lq( ks( 1" Oïumo" NslaLqj.a." 15 .d:dj" 116 msg" nq( c( uq(
 93

ixcdkkh lrk yeá' tajdg zuuZ h zuf.a Z h lsh,

/jfgk yeá' bka ñfokak lghq;= l<hq;= ieá' ndysr
f,dalfha rEm" Yíod§ fudkjd ;snqK;a mqoa.,hdg tajd
fohla jkafka bkaøsh w;a±lSug yiq ùfuka' mqoa.,hdf.a
f,dalh jkafka ukfia Pkaord.d§ flf,ia ;=<ska ,nk
w;a±lSï' rEm" YíodÈh ms<sn|j úkaok" ix{d" fÉ;kd"
iam¾Y" ukisldr hk kdu O¾u wkqj ú[a[dKfha
ielfik ms<sìUq ;uhs" mqoa.,hdf.a f,dalh lsh, ±ka wms
okakj'

mqoa.,hd fidhkafka l=ula o" Tyqg fyda wehg fyda

fmfkkafka thhs' ;j úÈhlska lshkjd kï ;uka
olskakg" wikakg" ú|skakg" ixl,amkh lrkakg leu;s
jk wdldrhghs" f,dalh uqK.efikafk' leu;s me;a;
±lalg ;uka wleu;s me;a; olskafk kE' T;khs je/oao'
mqoa.,hdf.a ldhsl jdpisl yd udkisl yeisÍï
f.dvkef.kafk ys;k u;k wdldrh wkqj' is;sú,s
ixl,am yev.efikafk Tyqf.a oDIaáhg wkqj' ioaO¾uh
yßyeá ±k.kaklï fldhs ljqre;a ;ud .ek ys;kafka
wd;au yeÕSfuka' ta jf.au ;uka leu;s foaj,a .ek;a
ks;H;ajhla n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkj' ^ks;H& iemfhka
hqla;hs lsh, ys;kj' ^iqL& uf.a leue;a;g hg;aj
mj;ajd.; yelshhs ys;kj' ^wd;au& yeu w;ska u uekejeZhs
lshd .;yelsh hs ys;kj' ^iqN& leue;af;a yeá Th úÈhhs'
fu;ek u ysrfj,d bkak i;ajhka nqÿrcdKka jykafia
y÷kajkafka ñ:HoDIaá.; i;ajhska lsh,' ^ñÉPdÈÜÀ.;d
 94

i;a;d& ks;Hhs lsh, ys;=j;a iajNdjh kï wks;H;ajhg

hduhs' iemhhs lsh, ys;=j;a crd" urK" fidal" mßfoj" ÿla"
fodïkia" Wmdhdi hk ish¨ wdldr ÿlg lreKq t;ek u
;sfhkj' ;u leue;a;g hg;aj mj;ajkak nE' ta ksid
wkd;auhs' wjidk jYfhka .;a;du ;sfhkafka uekjeZhs
fkd .;yels foa u hs' ta ksid wiqNhs' fkd olsk wleu;s
me;a; Th úÈhhs'

fï ;uhs mqyÿq ka mqoa.,hdf.a ixcdkk uÜgu' Tyqg

foaj,a jQ yeu ixialdr Wmêhlg u uQ,sl jQfha leue;a;hs'
^PkaouQ,ld iífnOïud& yeu fohla u iuqoh jQfha wdh;k
yfha iam¾Yfhka' ^Miai iuqohd iífnOïud& yeu fohla u
m%Njh jQfha ukisldrh ksid h' ^ukisldr iïNjd
iífnOïud& yeu fohla u fhduq ù mj;skafka úkaokhg
h' ^fjokd ifudirKd iífnOïud& ;;= tfia kï
wdOHd;añl Ydka;sh msKsi wm úuis,su;a úhhq;af;a
i<dh;ksl w;a±lSï l%shdj,sh ms<sn|j u hs' ksjk hkq fï
i<dh;k ksfrdaOhhs' ta i|yd fudayh úksúo hd hq;=hs' fï
ms<sn| nqÿjoka lSmhla wms ie,ls,a,g .ksuq'

hulg uu;ajh wxY=ud;%hla yß /f|õfjd;a

úuqla;sh Wod fjkafk kE' yeu wdldrfha u ;DIaKd
Wmdodkhhka neyer l<hq;= fjkj' ^wdodk ;Kayx úkfh:
Pkaox& Wvq há ÈYdj,;a ;sria ÈYd j,;a wka;sug b;=re jk
uOHfhys;a ;DIaKd Wmdodk w;yßkakg ´k' ^WoaOx wfOd
;sßh[apdms uÊfCO& Wv" hg" ;sria ÈYdjka mekfjkafka
 95

uOH,CIHh jk zuuZ ix{djg idfmaCIlj' uOH,CIHh

jYfhka uu;ajh ke;akï" Wv hg ;sria ÈYd mekfjkafk
kE' úuqla;s ud¾.h ta wkqmdodkh msKsihs' f,dalfha hula
Wmdodkh lrkjd kï" ta Tiafia u i;ajhd lrd udrhdf.a
meñKSu isÿ fjkj' ^hx hx ys f,dfl WmdÈhka;s
f;fkZj udfrd wkafj;s cka;=x&55 —fuh we;s l,ays fuh
fõ˜ ^buiaux i;s box fyd;s& lshk O¾u kHdhh wkqj
;uhs w;S; WmdodkialkaO yeÿfk' bÈßhg isÿjkafk;a ta
isoaêhuhs' ta foflka u ñfokak ´k' ^uq[ap mqfr uq[ap
mÉPf;d& fï fudfydf;a mj;akd m[ap WmdodkialkaOhka
ms<sn| wdYdj;a ÿr,kak ´k' ^uÊfCO uq[ap& Njfhys
mrf;rg .sh ^Njiai mdr.+& ieu ;ek úuqla; ukila
we;a;d kej; cd;s crd ÿlg m;ajkafk kE' ^iín;a:
úuq;a; udkfid k mqk cd;s crx Wfmysis&56 fmr;a miq;a
uOHfhys;a Wmdodkh jk lsisjla ke;s kï" lsisjla
Wmdodkh fkd lrk Tyq u ;uhs kshu n%dyauKhd ^ry;ka
jykafia& lsh, nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd lrkj'
—hiai mqfr p mÉPd p uÊfCO p k;aÓ ls[apkx"
57
wls[apkx wkdodkx ;uyx n%Eñ n%dyauKx˜

mqyqÿka ixcdkk uÜgu ;=< b|f.k tal lrkak nE'

ta i|yd fhdaksfidaukisldrfhka hq;=j OïudkqOïu
mám;a;sfhys kshe,sh hq;= hs' l<hq;af;a m%;smodj weröuhs'

55
iq( ks( NødjqO iQ;%h" 340 msg" nq( c( uq(
56
Lq( ks( 1" Oïumo ;Kayd j.a." 15 .d:dj" 110 msg" nq( c( uq(
57
Lq( ks( 1 Oïumo" n%yauK j.a." 39 .d:dj" 126 msg" nq( c( uq(
 96

ta i|yd wjYH iïudÈÜÀh y÷kd .ekSug Yla;s muKska

jEhï lsÍula yeáhg;a wka whg hï Wmldrhla ùu
msKsi;a /iehQ oyï fmd;a msxp fuf;lska ksu lrkjd'

^fhdfO: udrx m[a[djqfOk&